• 


'  2  O  <S 
HISTORY 


OF 


CAMBKIDGE, 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


1630-1877. 


GENEALOGICAL   REGISTER. 


BY 

LUCIUS  R.  PAIGE. 


BOSTON: 

PUBLISHED  BY  H.  O.  HOUGHTON  AND  COMPANY. 
NEW  YORK:    KURD  AND  HOUGHTON. 
:  (E&e  Btoer6tBe 

1877. 


COPYRIGHT,  1877, 
BY  LUCIUS   R.   PAIGE. 


The  Riverside  Press,  Cambridge  : 
Printed  by  H.  O.  Houghton  and  Company. 


To 

THE   MEMBERS   OF   THE 

MASSACHUSETTS  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY, 

AND   OP   THE 

NEW  ENGLAND  HISTORIC   GENEALOGICAL   SOCIETY, 
(Efjti  Wolttmc 

IS  DEDICATED  BY  ITS  AUTHOR, 
THEIR  ASSOCIATE. 


PREFACE. 


IN  collecting  materials  for  a  History  of  Cambridge,  I  exam- 
ined first  its  Municipal  Records,  which  are  continuous  from  the 
beginning,  but  generally  brief,  and  its  Registry  of  Births  and 
Deaths,  which,  during  the  second  hundred  years  after  the  founda- 
tion of  the  town,  is  very  defective.  To  supply  what  was  lack- 
ing, I  consulted  such  printed  authorities  as  were  accessible, 
together  with  the  manuscript  Records  and  Archives  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, of  the  judicial  courts,  and  of  several  counties,  cities, 
towns,  churches,  and  libraries.  My  thanks  are  due  to  all  the 
custodians  of  such  books,  and  records,  and  archives,  for  their 
uniform  courtesy  and  kindness.  1  have  also  obtained  many 
genealogical  details  from  the  Church  Record  of  Baptisms  and 
Burials,  from  Probate  Records  and  Files,  from  inscriptions  on 
gravestones,  and  from  funeral  sermons,  and  newspapers.  After 
the  expenditure  of  much  time  and  labor,  however,  I  am  conscious 
of  many  deficiencies. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  Genealogical  Register  is  chiefly  con- 
fined to  the  families  who  dwelt  in  Cambridge  before  the  year 
1700,  —  the  descendants  of  such  as  remained  here  being  traced 
down  to  a  recent  period.  A  very  few  families  are  included  who 
became  residents  at  a  later  date ;  but  these  form  the  exception, 
not  the  rule.  So  also  in  regard  to  the  History,  comparatively 
few  recent  events  are  mentioned.  It  would  be  impracticable,  in 
a  single  volume,  to  include  with  our  ancient  annals  everything 
which  those  who  are  now  living  have  witnessed,  and  to  trace  the 
genealogy  of  all  our  nearly  fifty  thousand  inhabitants.  A  line 
must  be  drawn  somewhere  ;  but  whether  I  have  drawn  it  in  the 
most  proper  place,  there  may  be  various  opinions. 


vi  PREFACE. 

Moreover,  the  reader  may  be  disappointed  because  he  finds  so 
little  concerning  Harvard  College,  and  the  military  occupation  of 
Cambridge,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  War ; 
but  the  facts  stated  on  pages  365  (note)  and  408  are  believed  to 
justify  the  omission.  The  almost  entire  absence  of  legendary 
lore  may  be  regretted ;  but  it  should  be  considered,  that  while 
it  may  have  been  my  misfortune,  it  was  not  my  fault,  that  I  was 
not  born  in  Cambridge,  and  that  I  had  no  opportunity  in  the 
first  thirty  years  of  my  life  to  gather  the  local  traditions,  which 
so  deeply  impress  the  youthful  mind,  and  which  tinge  the  facts 
of  history  with  such  a  brilliant,  though  often  a  deceptive  light. 
If  lack  of  vigor  and  sprightliness  be  regarded  as  a  serious  fault 
of  style,  I  may  plead  in  extenuation,  that  although  many  of  my 
materials  were  gathered  long  ago,  I  was  obliged  by  other  engage- 
ments, literary  as  well  as  secular,  to  postpone  their  final  arrange- 
ment for  publication,  until  impaired  health  and  the  infirmities  of 

age  became  uncomfortably  manifest. 

LUCIUS  R.  PAIGE. 
CAMBRIDGE,  March,  1877. 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  I. 

PAGE 

General  description  of  the  town,  its  several  additions  and  diminutions 

of  territory 1-5 

CHAPTER  II.   - 

The  New  Town  selected  as  fit  for  a  fortified  place.  General  agreement 
to  erect  houses.  Several  Assistants  fail  to  do  so.  Controversy  be- 
tween Dudley  and  Winthrop.  Earliest  inhabitants.  Canal.  Pali- 
sade. Arrival  of  the  Braintree  Company.  Common  Pales.  Division 
of  lands.  Highways 6-16 

CHAPTER  III. 

First  Constable  appointed.  Deputies  to  the  first  General  Court. 
Monthly  meeting.  No  houses  to  be  erected  without  permission,  nor 
outside  of  the  town.  All  houses  to  be  covered  with  slate  or  boards, 
not  with  thatch,  and  to  "  range  even."  Trees  not  to  be  cut  down 
and  left  in  the  highways.  Cartway.  Windmill-hill.  Timber  not  to 
be  sold  out  of  the  town.  First  Constable  elected.  Surveyor  of  high- 
ways. Lots  not  improved  to  revert  to  the  town.  First  Townsmen 
or  Selectmen.  Surveyors  of  lands 17-22 

CHAPTER  IV. 

Prosperity  of  the  New  Town.  Magistrates.  Courts.  Dissatisfaction. 
John  Pratt.  Straitness  for  want  of  land.  Exploration  of  other 
places.  Debates  and  division  in  the  General  Court.  The  town  ac- 
cepts enlargement  offered  by  Boston  and  Watertown.  Removal  to 
Hartford.  Supposed  personal  rivalry.  Names  of  early  inhabitants. .  23-33 

CHAPTER  V-. 

Arrival  of  Shepard's  Company,  and  some  of  their  names.  New  Mu- 
nicipal Officers.  New  division  of  lands.  Monthly  meetings.  Ferry. 
Lectures.  Cow  Common.  Goats.  Herd  of  cows.  Weir  for  taking 
alewives.  Herd  on  the  south  side  of  the  river.  Herd  of  swine. 
Fowls  not  permitted  to  enter  gardens.  Cartway  to  the  weir.  Pound. 
Stumps.  Neither  houses  nor  lands  to  be  sold  or  let,  without  consent 
of  the  Townsmen.  Strangers  not  to  be  harbored.  Grant  of  land  to 


vm  CONTENTS. 

the  Drummer.  Fort  Hill.  Grant  of  land  at  Vine  Brook.  Swine  to 
be  yoked  and  ringed.  Apple  trees  and  other  quickset  to  be  pre- 
served from  damage  by  goats.  Births,  marriages,  and  burials  to  be 
recorded.  Farms  granted.  Grant  of  money  by  the  General  Court 
for  a  College.  Organization  of  the  militia.  The  College  to  be  at 
New  Town.  Marshal  General.  The  New  Town  named  Cambridge. 
Printing-press.  Bond  of  Stephen  Daye  to  Jose  Glover 34-45 

CHAPTER  VI. 

Contemplated  removal  to  Weathersfield,  Conn.  Letter  from  Winthrop 
to  Hooker.  Letter  from  Hooker  to  Shepard.  Depreciation  in  the 
value'  of  property.  Danger  of  general  bankruptcy.  Reasons  for  re- 
moving. Sir  Henry  Vane.  Grant  of  Shawshine  to  Cambridge.  Re- 
moval of  John  Haynes.  Death  of  Roger  Harlakenden.  Arrival  of 
Herbert  Pelham.  Town  Spring.  Restrictions  on  the  cutting  of  trees. 
Field-drivers,  Commissioners  to  end  small  causes,  Clerk  of  the 
Market,  and  Sealer  of  Leather,  first  elected.  Calves  impounded. 
Eight-penny  ordinary  for  'Townsmen.  Penalty  for  absence  from 
monthly  meetings.  Prosecution  for  trespass  in  the  Great  Swamp. 
Fence-viewers  first  elected.  Remission  of  tax  on  account  of  sickness. 
Chimneys  to  be  swept  every  month  and  ladders  to  be  kept  ready  for 
reaching  the  roofs  of  houses.  Orchard.  Wharf.  Division  of  Shaw- 
shine  lands.  Incorporation  of  Billerica 46-62 

CHAPTER  VII. 

Change  of  Government  in  England.  Cromwell  desires  to  colonize  Ja- 
maica, and  employs  Daniel  Gookin  as  special  agent.  Letters  from 
Gookin  to  Secretary  Thurloe.  Death  of  Cromwell.  Whalley  and 
Goffe,  two  of  the  late  King's  judges,  visit  Cambridge.  Fragment  of 
Goffe's  Journal.  The  General  Court  appoints  a  Committee,  to  re- 
port concerning  "  The  due  observance  of  obedience  and  fidelity  unto 
the  authority  of  England,  and  our  own  just  privileges."  Report  of 
Committee.  Instructions  to  the  "  Messengers  "  sent  to  England. 
Qualified  oath  of  allegiance  offered  by  Gookin  and  Danforth.  The 
Messengers  to  England  return  with  a  letter  from  the  King,  promising 
to  confirm  the  privileges  of  the  people,  but  requiring  sundry  changes 
in  their  laws.  Day  of  thanksgiving  appointed.  Reply  of  the  General 
Court  to  the  King's  letter.  Commissioners  appointed  by  the  King  to 
enforce  obedience.  Cambridge  sustains  the  General  Court  in  their 
controversy  with  the  Commissioners.  Edward  Randolph,  the  "  arch- 
enemy of  the  colony."  The  Charter  abrogated,  and  Sir  Edmund 
Andros  appointed  Governor  of  New  England 63-78 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

The  inhabitants  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  obtain  parochial  privi- 
leges. Their  petition  for  incorporation  as  a  separate  town.  Elab- 
orate and  vigorous  protest  by  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge.  After 
long  delay,  Newton  is  incorporated,  under  the  administration  of 
Andros.  Ship-building  in  Cambridge.  Unruly  dogF.  Wolf.  Drain- 


CONTENTS.  ix 

ing  of  a  pond  in  the  centre  of  the  town.  Stone  wall'between  Cam- 
bridge and  Watertown.  Committee  to  inspect  families,  and  to 
prevent  improper  practices.  Encroachment  on  fishing  rights  in 
Menotomy  River.  Fish  Officers 79-98 

CHAPTER  IX. 

President  Dudley  assumes  the  government.  Protest  of  the  General 
Court.  Arrival  of  Governor  Andros.  Danforth's  description  of  the 
public  distress.  Arbitrary  proceedings  of  Andros.  Titles  to  land  de- 
clared invalid.  Memorial  of  John  Gibson  and  George  Willis.  Pro- 
ceedings on  petition  of  Edward  Randolph  for  a  grant  of  land  in  Cam- 
bridge. Death  of  Major-gen.  Gookin.  Revolution  in  England. 
Governor  Andros  deposed  and  imprisoned  with  several  of  his  adhe- 
rents. The  old  Magistrates  reinstated.  A  new  house  of  Deputies 
elected.  The  inhabitant?  of  Cambridge  request  the  old  Officers  to  re- 
sume the  government,  and  pledge  life  and  fortune  for  their  help  and 
assistance.  Letters  of  Thomas  Danforth  to  Gov.  Hinkley  and  to  In- 
crease Mather.  Danforth  omitted  from  the  Council  by  Mather,  but 
reinstated  by  the  General  Court;  appointed  Judge  of  the  Superior 
Court,  but  not  of  that  special  Court  which  tried  and  condemned  the 
unfortunate  persons  suspected  of  witchcraft.  Death  of  Deputy  Gov- 
ernor Danforth.  Cambridge  Deputies 99-118 

CHAPTER  X. 

Petition  of  the  "  Farmers  "  for  incorporation.  Reply  of  Cambridge 
Selectmen.  Parochial  privileges  granted.  Harmony  not  interrupted. 
Incorporation  of  Lexington.  Culler  of  Bricks.  County  Treasurers. 
Bounty  for  killing  wolves.  Salarv  of  Treasurers  and  Jurors.  Mar- 
shal General.  Road  to  Connecticut.  Governor  Shute's  visit  to 
Cambridge.  Double  voting.  Small-pox.  Strangers  not  to  be  ad- 
mitted. Dogs.  Gratuity  to  a  proposed  physician  refused.  Col.  John 
Vassall's  honors  and  disappointments.  Throat  distemper.  Repre- 
sentatives to  the  General  Court  required  to  serve  gratuitously.  Part 
of  Watertown  annexed  to  Cambridge.  Bear  shot.  Fire-engine. 
Bills  of  Mortality.  Funeral  customs 119-135 

CHAPTER  XI. 

American  Revolution.  Resolves  by  the  General  Court.  Action  of 
Cambridge  in  Town  Meeting.  Riots  in  Boston.  Cambridge  disap- 
proves riots,  and  at  first  refuses,  but  afterwards  consents,  that  com- 
pensation be  made  from  the  public  treasury.  Representative  in- 
structed to  oppose  the  election  of  any  person  to  the  Council  who 
already  held  office  of  emolument  under  the  Government ;  and  to  have 
the  people  admitted  to  hear  the  debates  of  the  House.  Duties  im- 
posed on  tea  and  other  articles.  Action  of  the  General  Court,  and  its 
dissolution.  Convention  of  Delegates.  Committees  of  Correspondence. 
Action  of  the  Town,  and  instruction  to  Representative.  Report  con- 
cerning grievances.  Response  to  Boston  by  the  Committee  of  Corre- 
spondence. Town  meeting ;  earnest  protest  against  the  importation  of 


x  CONTENTS. 

tea,  as  an  encroachment  upon  political  rights,  and  denunciation  of 
all  offenders  and  their  abettors  as  public  enemies.  Destruction  of 
tea  in  Boston  Harbor.  Boston  Port  Bill.  Donations  to  Boston.  Coun- 
cillors appointed  by  mandamus.  Powder  removed  from  the  Magazine. 
Concourse  of  people  in  Cambridge.  Resignation  of  Judge  Dan- 
forth,  Judge  Lee,  and  Col.  Oliver.  Sheriff  Phips  promises  that  he 
will  not  act  officially  under  the  new  establishment.  Gen.  Brattle's 
letter  and  explanation.  Provincial  Congress.  Preparations  for  re- 
sistance by  force  of  arms.  Cambridge  pledges  persons  and  estates 
to  maintain  a  Declaration  of  Independence.  Privations  during  the 
War.  New  General  Court  organized.  Constitution  of  1778  rejected. 
Constitutional  Convention  meets  at  Cambridge.  Constitution  adopted. 
Shays'  Rebellion.  Letter  from  the  disaffected,  and  reply.  Consti- 
tution of  the  United  States  approved.  Loyalists  or  Tories,  de- 
scribed by  Madam  Riedesel ;  their  estates  confiscated ;  proposition 
to  permit  their  return  ;  Cambridge  objects,  and  instructs  its  Repre- 
sentatives   136-172 

CHAPTER  XII. 

Land-holders  in  Cambridgeport  and  East  Cambridge.  Royal  Make- 
peace. Improvements  after  the  construction  of  West  Boston  Bridge. 
Streets  and  Dikes.  Estate  of  Leonard  Jarvis  thrown  upon  the  mar- 
ket. Andrew  Bordman  sells  freely,  and  others  sparingly.  Daven- 
port &  Makepeace  among  the  most  active  operators.  Turnpikes. 
Cambridge  established  as  a  Port  of  Delivery.  Canals.  School-houses. 
Meeting-house.  Andrew  Craigie  becomes  owner  of  almost  the  whole 
territory  now  called  East  Cambridge.  Canal  (or  Craigie's)  Bridge. 
Lechmere  Point  Corporation.  Court  House  and  Jail.  Incorpora- 
tion of  Brighton  and  West  Cambridge.  Embargo.  War  with  Eng- 
land. Address  by  the  Town  to  President  Jefferson,  and  his  reply. 
Further  action  of  the  Town.  Public  rejoicing  at  the  return  of 
peace 173-194 

CHAPTER  XHI. 

Great  Bridge,  and  the  various  methods  adopted  for  its  maintenance. 
West  Boston  Bridge.  Canal  (or  Craigie's)  Bridge.  Prison  Point 
Bridge.  River  Street  Bridge.  Western  Avenue  Bridge.  Brook- 
line  Bridge.  All  the  Bridges  become  free.  Public  Avenues.  Sharp 
contest  in  regard  to  Mount  Auburn  and  Cambridge  Streets.  Im- 
portant legal  principle  first  established  in  the  trial  and  decision  of  this 
contest 195-209 

CHAPTER  XIV. 

Shire-town  of  Middlesex.  Half  shires.  Records  removed  to  Charles- 
town  ;  the  General  Court  orders  their  return.  Removal  and  return 
of  the  Registry  of  Deeds.  Court  houses.  House  of  Correction  and 
Jail.  Place  of  Execution,  or  "  Gallows  Lot."  Negro  woman  burned 
at  the  stake.  Support  of  the  Poor.  Almshouses.  Ordinaries,  or 
Taverns ;  committed  to  the  charge  of  the  most  grave  and  discreet 


CONTENTS.  xi 

men.  Blue  Anchor.  Samuel  Gibson  fined  for  unlawfully  entertain- 
ing Students.  Innholders  and  Retailers  during  a  century.  Petitions 
of  Edmund  Angier  and  John  Stedman.  Memorial  of  President  Dun- 
ster  on  behalf  of  Mrs.  Bradish.  Prices  established.  Market  Places. 
Market  house.  Burial  places.  Common ;  contest  concerning  its 
enclosure.  Town  House.  Athenaeum,  converted  into  a  City  Hall. 
Sectional  rivalry  and  jealousy.  Petition  for  a  division  of  the  town  ; 
rejected  by  the  General  Court.  Unsuccessful  attempt  to  remove  dif- 
ficulties. Petition  for  a  City  Charter.  A  new  petition  for  division 
interposed,  which,  like  another  presented  nine  years  later,  was  un- 
successful. City  Charter  granted  and  accepted 210-246 

CHAPTER  XV. 

First  Meeting-house.  Rev.  Thomas  Hooker  and  Rev.  Samuel  Stone. 
First  Church  organized.  Removal  to  Hartford.  Rev.  Thomas 
Shepard.  Another  " First  Church "  organized.  Newell's  "Church 
Gathering."  McKenzie's  "Historical  Lectures."  Roger  Harlak- 
enden.  Shepard's  reasons  for  removing  to  New  England.  Mrs. 
Shepard's  admission  to  the  Church,  and  her  death.  Confessions  of 
candidates  for  Church  membership.  Contributions  and  expendi- 
tures. Rev.  John  Phillips.  Death  of  Mr.  Shepard.  Synods  at  Cam- 
bridge. Second  Meeting-house.  Rev.  Jonathan  Mitchell  ;  in  many 
respects  "Matchless."  Sibley's  "  Harvard  Graduates."  Financial 
records.  Salary.  Seating  of  the  Meeting-house.  Reputed  heresy  of 
President  Dunster.  Death  of  Mr.  Mitchell,  and  the  place  of  his 
burial.  Care  of  the  youth.  Parsonage  erected,  and  bill  of  expenses. 
Rev.  Urian  Oakes  ;  expense  of  his  ordination.  Almsdeeds  of  the 
Church.  Labors,  trials,  and  death  of  Mr.  Oakes.  Intense  political 
and  religious  excitement.  Address  by  the  "Freemen  of  Cambridge" 
to  the  General  Court,  against  universal  toleration.  Sermon  of  Mr. 
Oakes  on  the  same  subject.  Rev.  Nathaniel  Gookin  and  Elders  Clark 
and  Stone  ordained,  with  bill  of  expenses.  Quiet  ministry  and  death 
of  Mr.  Gookin.  Salary  of  Pastors  at  different  periods.  Church  or- 
ganized at  the  Farms.  Ordination  of  Rev.  William  Brattle  ;  his  min- 
istry and  death.  Third  Meeting-house.  Extraordinary  snow-storm. 
Election  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Appleton.  Parsonage  rebuilt.  Enlarge- 
ment of  Meeting-house.  Church  organized  at  Menotomy.  Fourth 
Meeting-house.  Rev.  George  Whitefield.  Church  organized  on  the 
south  side  of  the  river.  The  prolonged  and  valuable  services  of  Dr. 
Appleton  recognized  by  Harvard  College ;  his  death.  Installation  of 
Rev.  Timothy  Hilliard,  and  his  death,  after  a  short  ministry.  In- 
stallation of  Rev.  Abiel  Holmes.  Theological  controversy,  resulting 
in  the  disruption  of  the  Church.  Results  of  Councils.  Shepard  Con- 
gregational Society  organized.  Ordination  of  Rev.  Nehemiah  Adams 
as  Colleague  Pastor.  Dismission  and  death  of  Dr.  Holmes.  Meet- 
ing-house. Dismission  of  Mr.  Adams.  Rev.  John  A.  Albro,  D.  D., 
and  Rev.  Alexander  McKenzie.  New  Meeting-house.  Ordination 
of  Rev.  William  Newell ;  his  long  and  peaceful  ministry  and  resig- 
nation. Meeting-house.  Ordination  of  Rev.  Francis  G.  Peabody. 

Elders.     Deacons.  . 247-306 


xu  CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

Christ  Church.  Cambridge  port  Parish.  University  Church.  First 
Baptist.  First  Universalist.  Second  Universalist.  First  Methodist. 
Third  Congregational.  Second  Baptist.  First  Evangelical  Congre- 
gational. Second  Evangelical  Congregational.  Evangelical  (East 
Cambridge).  St.  Peter's  (Episcopal).  St.  John's.  Harvard  Street 
Methodist.  Old  Cambridge  Baptist.  Lee  Street.  St.  Peter's  (Cath- 
olic). Third  Universalist.  North  Cambridge  Baptist.  North  Ave- 
nue Congregational.  Pilgrim  Congregational.  Broadway  Baptist. 
Free  Church  of  St.  James.  Methodist  Episcopal  (Old  Cambridge). 
St.  Mary's.  St.  John's  Memorial.  Chapel  Congregational.  Cottage 
Street  Methodist.  St.  Paul's.  Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart.  As- 
cension Church.  Charles  River  Baptist 307-343 

CHAPTER  XVII. 

Antinomians.  Baptists.  Quakers.  Elizabeth  Hooton  and  other  dis- 
turbers of  the  peace.  Benanuel  Bowers,  and  his  family.  Witchcraft. 
Rebecca  Jacobs.  Petition  of  Rebecca  Fox.  Mrs.  Kendall.  A  man 
troubled  by  cats  or  the  devil.  Winifred  Holman,  and  her  daughter 
Mary  Holman.  Testimony.  Verdict 344-364 

CHAPTER  XVIII. 

Education.  Harvard  College.  Grammar  School.  Elijah  Corlett.  In- 
dian Students.  Corlett's  letter  of  thanks  to  the  County  Court. 
Nicholas  Fessenden,  Jr.  William  Fessenden,  Jr.  Samuel  Danforth. 
Veterans  now  in  service.  Agreement  for  erecting  a  school-house. 
Allowance  to  Mr.  Dunster  and  his  heirs.  Schools  of  lower  grade. 
Schools  established  in  Cambridgeport  and  East  Cambridge.  School- 
houses  in  1845,  1850,  and  1876.  School  Committee.  School  dis- 
tricts. Graded  schools.  Hopkins  school.  Salaries  of  teachers  at 
different  periods 365-381 

CHAPTER  XIX. 

Indians.  Squa  Sachem.  Tribe  near  Mystic  Pond.  Indian  titles  pur- 
chased. Fence  to  secure  the  Indians'  corn.  Cutshamakin.  Waban, 
and  Indians  at  Nonantum.  The  apostle  Eliot's  labors  ;  assisted  bv 
his  son,  Rev.  John  Eliot,  Jr.,  and  by  Rev.  Daniel  Gookin,  Jr.  Town 
of  Natick.  Eliot's  mission  extended  to  other  tribes.  Missions  to  the 
heathen  emphatically  commenced  in  Cambridge.  Partial  successes. 
Attempts  to  educate  the  Indians.  Dunster's  account  of  expenses  for 
one  year.  Daniel  Gookin  actively  engaged  in  the  Indian  work  from 
the  beginning  ;  appointed  Ruler  and  Superintendent  of  all  the  friendly 
Indians ;  record  of  one  of  his  courts.  Philip's  War.  Prejudice  against 
all  the  Indians  ;  many  imprisoned  on  Deer  Island.  Gookin  and  Dan- 
forth friendly  to  the  Indians  ;  savage  attacks  on  them,  and  on  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Eliot.  .  .  .  382-395 


CONTENTS.  xiii 


CHAPTER  XX. 

Military  organization.  Expedition  against  Gorton.  Narragansett  War. 
Energetic  services  of  Major  Gookin.  Reasons  why  old  men  of  sixty 
years  are  not  to  train.  Long  service  of  Capt.  Samuel  Green.  Sol- 
diers in  the  Wars  from  1690  to  1740;  Old  French  War,  1744  to 
1748;  French  War,  1753  to  1763.  Memorial  of  Capt.  William 
Angier.  Gen.  William  Brattle.  Troop  of  Cavalry.  War  of  the 
Revolution.  Rolls  of  Cambridge  soldiers  in  the  Battle  of  Lexington. 
Some  events  during  that  conflict.  More  persons  killed  in  Cambridge 
than  elsewhere.  Monument  in  memory  of  the  slain.  Capt.  Samuel 
Whittemore  desperately  wounded.  Damage  to  property.  Troops 
stationed  in  Cambridge.  College  buildings  used  for  barracks.  Hos- 
pitals established.  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  Col.  Thomas  Gardner. 
Arrival  of  General  Washington.  Head-quarters.  Military  Works  in 
Cambridge.  Disposition  of  the  troops.  Military  operations.  Evac- 
uation of  Boston.  Difficulty  in  obtaining  military  stores.  Gen.  Bur- 
goyne's  troops.  Cambridge  Officers  and  Soldiers  engaged  in  the  Rev- 
olutionary War.  War  of  1812.  Cambridge  not  enthusiastic  in  its 
favor.  Light  Infantry.  War  of  the  Rebellion.  Cambridge  organ- 
izes the  first  military  company  for  the  defence  of  the  Union  ;  Roll 
of  that  company.  Richmond  surrendered  to  a  Cambridge  Officer. 
Officers  and  Soldiers  furnished  by  Cambridge  during  the  War.  Sol- 
diers' Monument  erected  by  the  City ;  names  inscribed  thereon. 
Nearly  forty-six  hundred  men,  about  one  sixth  part  of  the  entire  pop- 
ulation of  Cambridge,  rendered  active  service  in  this  internecine  con- 
flict   396-438 

CHAPTER  XXI. 

Valuation  in  1647.  Rate  list  in  1688.  Census  in  1777.  Valuation  in 
1781.  List  of  Voters  in  1822.  Census  at  intervals  from  1765  to  1875. 
Number  of  Polls,  Valuation,  rate  and  amount  of  Tax,  and  amount  of 
the  City  Debt,  in  each  year  from  the  incorporation  of  the  City  in  1846 
to  1875.  Census  in  1875.  Vice-president  of  the  United  States.  Gov- 
ernors. Deputy  or  Lieutenant-governors.  Assistants.  Councillors. 
Senators.  Representatives.  Selectmen.  Assessors.  Town  Clerks. 
Town  Treasurers.  Mayors.  Aldermen.  Presidents  of  the  Common 
Council.  Members  of  the  Common  Council.  City  Clerks.  City 
Treasurers.  Clerks  of  the  Common  Council 439-475 

GENEALOGIES , 477 


KEY  TO  THE  PLAN  OF  "CAMBRIDGE  IN  1635," 


Indicating  the  owners  and  occupants  of  the  several  lots,  in  1635,  and  in  1642.     All  are 
supposed  to  have  been  homesteads,  unless  otherwise  designated. 


No. 

In  1635. 

In  1642. 

1 

William  Westwood.1 

Public  Lot. 

2 

James  Olmstead. 

Edward  Goffe. 

3 

William  Pantry. 

Harvard  College.2                    • 

4 

Rev.  Thomas  Hooker. 

Rev.  Thomas  Shepard. 

5 

John  White.8 

Richard  Champney.8 

6 

John  Clark.' 

Thomas  Beal.8 

7 

William  Wadsworth.3 

Samuel  Shepard.8 

8 

John  White. 

Thomas  Danforth. 

9 

John  Hopkins.3 

Mark  Pierce. 

10 

John  White.8 

Edward  Collins. 

11 

William  Goodwin. 

Samuel  Shepard. 

12 

John  Steele. 

Robert  Bradish. 

13 

William  Wadsworth. 

Richard  Champney. 

14 

Widow  Esther  Muzzey. 

Henry  Dunster.4 

15 

Daniel  Abbott. 

Francis  Moore. 

16 

Daniel  Abbott. 

John  Russell. 

17 

Thomas  Heate. 

Thomas  Marrett. 

18 

Christopher  Cane. 

William  Towne. 

19 

Nathaniel  Hancock. 

Nathaniel  Hancock. 

20 

George  Steele. 

Edward  Goffe.4 

21 

Edward  Stebbins. 

Nathan  Aldus. 

22 

Timothy  Stanley. 

William  French. 

23 

Jonas  Austin. 

Katherine  Haddon. 

24 

John  Hopkins. 

Edmund  Angier. 

25 

Thomas  Beale. 

Thomas  Beale. 

26 

Rev.  Samuel  Stone. 

Nathaniel  Sparhawk. 

27 

Simon  Bradstreet,  Esq. 

Herbert  Pelham,  Esq.4 

28 

Abraham  Morrill. 

Thomas  Skidmore. 

29 

Samuel  Greenhill. 

Turges. 

30 

John  Pratt. 

Widow  Elizabeth  Isaac. 

31 

William  Spencer. 

John  Stedman. 

32 

Thomas  Spencer. 

William  Dickson. 

33 

John  Haynes,  Esq. 

Henry  Dunster. 

1  "  Forfeited  ;  "      afterwards      called 
"  Watch-house  Hill ; "  site  of  the  Meet- 
ing-house from  1650  to  1833. 

2  Uncertain  whether  then  occupied  by 
a  house  or  not. 


8  Vacant  lot. 

*  House,  but  apparently  not  a  home- 
stead. 


XVI       KEY   TO   THE   PLAN    OF  "CAMBRIDGE   IN   1635. 


No. 

In  1635. 

In  1642. 

34 

"  Market  Place."  l 

"  Market  Place." 

85 

James  Ensign. 

Edward  Goffe.2 

36 

Rev.  Samuel  Stone.3 

Nathaniel  Sparhawk.8 

37 

Widow  Isabel  Sackett. 

Robert  Stedman. 

38 

Matthew  Allen. 

Thomas  Chesholme. 

39 

Meeting-house. 

Meeting-house. 

40 

Samuel  Dudley. 

Robert  Sanders. 

41 

William  Andrews. 

Hezekiah  Usher. 

42 

William  Lewis. 

John  Bridge. 

43 

George  Stocking. 

William  Manning. 

44 

Nicholas  Olmstead.8 

John  French. 

45 

Joseph  Reading. 

Joseph  Cooke. 

46 

Stephen  Hart. 

Joseph  Cooke. 

47. 

Nathaniel  Richards. 

Joseph  Cooke. 

48 

William  Westwood. 

John  Betts. 

49 

Dolor  Davis.8 

Edward  Mitchelson. 

50 

John  Bridge. 

William  Andrews. 

51 

Thomas  Fisher. 

Edward  Shepard. 

52 

John  Benjamin.8 

John  Betts.2 

53 

John  Benjamin.8 

Edward  Shepard.8 

54 

John  Benjamin.3 

Moses  Payne. 

55 

Thomas  Dudley,  Esq. 

Herbert  Pelham,  Esq. 

56 

Matthew  Allen.2 

William  Cutter. 

57 

Humphrey  Vincent. 

John  Moore. 

58 

Daniel  Patrick. 

Joseph  Cooke.2 

59 

Richard  Lord.8 

Herbert  Pelham,  Esq. 

60 

Matthew  Allen.8 

George  Cooke. 

61 

Edmund  Gearner. 

Mrs.  Eliz.  Sherborne. 

62 

John  Arnold. 

Thomas  Hosmer. 

63 

William  Kelsey. 

John  Sill.  . 

64 

Andrew  Warner. 

George  Cooke. 

1  Now  called  Winthrop  Square. 

2  House,  but  apparently  not  homestead. 
8  Vacant  lot. 


HISTOEY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 


CHAPTER   I. 

CIVIL  HISTOEY. 

CAMBRIDGE,  the  original  shire  town  of  Middlesex  County,  in 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  is  situated  in  42°  22'  north 
latitude,  and  71°  6'  west  longitude  from  Greenwich.1  It  is 
bounded  on  the  east  by  Charles  River,  which  separates  it  from 
Boston  ;  on  the  south  by  Charles  River,  which  separates  it  from 
Brookline  and  Brighton;2  on  the  west  by  Watertown,  Belmont, 
and  Arlington ;  on  the  north  by  Somerville,  and  by  Miller's 
River,  which  separates  it  from  Charlestown.  Though  now  small 
in  territorial  extent,  embracing  not  more  than  about  four  and  a 
half  square  miles,  it  is  divided  into  four  principal  districts,  each 
having  a  post-office,  namely :  Cambridge  (often  called  Old 
Cambridge),  Cambridgeport,  East  Cambridge,  and  North  Cam- 
bridge. 

Like  most  ancient  townships,  Cambridge  has  had  great  en- 
largement and  diminution  in  its  boundary  lines.  At  first,  it 
seems  to  have  been  designed  merely  as  a  fortified  place,  very 
small  in  extent,  and  apparently  without  definite  bounds.  Charles- 
town  and  Watertown,  on  the  northerly  side  of  Charles  River,  had 
already  been  settled ;  but  it  is  doubtful  whether  a  distinct  line  of 
separation  had  been  established.  Between  these  two  towns  a 
spot  was  selected  as  "  a  fit  place  for  a  fortified  town,"  about  six 
months  after  the  arrival  of  Winthrop  with  the  fleet  of  emigrants 
in  1630.3  Houses  were  erected  here  in  1631  by  Thomas  Dudley, 
Deputy  Governor,  and  by  a  few  others.  It  was  ordered  by  the 

1  The  City  Hall,  at  the  corner  of  Main     cently  been  annexed  to  Boston  ;  but  they 
and  Pleasant   streets,  in  Cambridgeport,     have  not  yet  ceased  to  be  designated  by 
stands  exactly  upon  the  longitudinal  line,     their  former  names. 

and  about  a  hundred  yards  south  of  the        8  The  selection  was  partially  made  Dec. 
parallel  of  latitude  indicated.  21,  1630,  and  definitely  determined  Dec. 

2  Brighton  and  Charlestown  have  re-    28,  1630. 

1 


2  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Governor  and  Assistants,  Feb.  3,  1631-2,  that  "  there  should  be 
three  scoore  pounds  levyed  out  of  the  several  plantations  within 
the  lymitts  of  this  pattent  towards  the  makeing  of  a  pallysadoe 
aboute  the  newe  towne/' l  But  no  definite  line  of  division  be- 
tween the  New  Town  and  Charlestown  appears  to  have  been 
established  until  March  6,  1632-3,  when  "  it  was  agreed  by  the 
parties  appointed  by  the  Court,  &c.,  that  all  the  land  impaled  by 
the  newe  towne  men,  with  the  neck  whereon  Mr.  Graves  his 
house  standeth,  shall  belong  to  Newe-town,  and  that  the  bounds 
of  Charlestowne  shall  end  at  a  tree  marked  by  the  pale,  and  to 
passe  along  from  thence  by  a  straight  line  unto  the  midway  be- 
twixt the  westermost  part  of  the  Governor's  great  lot  and  the 
nearest  part  thereto  of  the  bounds  of  Watertowne."  2  The  line, 
thus  established,  was  substantially  the  same  as  that  which  now 
divides  Cambridge  from  Somerville.  The  "  neck  whereon  Mr. 
Graves  his  house  standeth,"  was  the  upland  included  in  East 
Cambridge.  The  line  between  Cambridge  and  Watertown  was 
not  definitely  established  until  April  7, 1635.3  In  the  mean  time, 
on  complaint  of  "  straitness  for  want  of  land,"  at  the  Court  held 
May  14,  1634,  leave  was  "  granted  to  the  inhabitants  of  Newe 
Towne  to  seek  out  some  convenient  place  for  them,  with  promise 
that  it  shalbe  confirmed  unto  them,  to  which  they  may  remove 
their  habitations,  or  have  as  an  addition  to  that  which  already 
they  have,  provided  they  doe  not  take  it  in  any  place  to  preju- 
dice a  plantation  already  settled."  4  After  examining  several 
places,  "the  congregation  of  Newtown  came  and  accepted  of 
such  enlargement  as  had  formerly  been  offered  them  by  Boston 
and  Watertown."  6  This  "  enlargement  "  embraced  Brookline, 
Brighton,  and  Newton.  Brookline,  then  called  Muddy  River, 
was  granted  on  condition  that  Mr.  Hooker  and  his  congregation 
should  not  remove.  They  did  remove  ;  and  thus  this  grant  was 
forfeited.  But  the  grant  of  what  was  afterwards  Brighton  and 
Newton  held  good. 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  93.    Dr.  Holmes,  Cambridge  was  at  first  called  "  The  New 
writing  in  1800  (Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  Towne,"   and  afterwards  New  Town   or 
vii.  9),  says  :"  This  fortification  was  act-  Newtown,  until   May  2,  1638,  when  the 
ually  made  ;  and  the  fosse  which  was  then  General   Court  "Ordered,   That   Newe- 
dug  around  the  town  is,  in  some  places,  towne  shall  henceforward  be  called  Cam- 
visible   to   this   day.      It  commenced   at  bridge."      Mass.    Col.   Rec.,  i.   228.     No 
Brick  Wharf  (originally  called  Windmill  other    act  of  incorporation  is   found   on 
Hill)   and  ran  along  the  northern  side  of  record, 
the  present  Common  in  Cambridge,  and  2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  102. 
through  what  was   then   a   thicket,   but  8  Ibid.,  p.  144. 
now  constitutes  a  part  of  the  cultivated  4  Ibid.,  p.  119. 
grounds  of  Mr.  NathanielJarvis  ;  beyond  8  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  132,  142. 
which   it    cannot  be    distinctly   traced." 


AS  BOUNDED  IN  * 

1644-1655. 

Attending  from 
jQedfiam  to  tfieMeirimack  River. 


__,v*\ 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  3 

In  the  settlement  of  the  line  between  Cambridge  and  Charles- 
town,  no  indication  is  given  how  far  the  bounds  of  either  ex- 
tended into  the  country  beyond  the  line  drawn  from  "  the  Gov- 
ernor's great  lot,"  or  the  Ten  Hills  Farm,  to  the  "  nearest  part" 
of  Watertown.  But  the  Court,  March  3,  1635-6,  agreed  that 
"  Newe  Towne  bounds  shall  run  eight  myles  into  the  country, 
from  their  meeteing  house."  l  This  grant  secured  to  Cambridge, 
on  its  northern  border,  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Arlington 
and  the  principal  part  of  Lexington  ;  and,  as  the  measurements 
of  that  day  were  very  elastic,  perhaps  the  whole  of  Lexington 
was  included.  But  even  this  did  not  satisfy  the  craving  for  land. 
Accordingly  a  conditional  grant  of  Shawshine  was  made,  June  2, 
1641,  and  renewed  June  14,  1642 :  "  All  the  land  lying  upon 
Saweshin  Ryver,  and  between  that  and  Concord  Ryver,  and  be- 
tween that  and  Merrimack  Ryver,  not  formerly  granted  by  this 
Court,  are  granted  to  Cambridge,  so  as  they  erect  a  village  there 
within  five  years,  and  so  as  it  shall  not  extend  to  prejudice 
Charlestowne  village,  or  the  village  of  Cochitawit,"  etc.2  This 
grant  was  confirmed  absolutely,  March  7,  1643-4,3  and  included 
the  present  town  of  Billerica,  parts  of  Bedford  and  Carlisle,  and 
a  part  of  Tewksbury,  or  of  Chelmsford,  or  of  both.  The  terms 
of  the  grant  —  all  the  land  lying  between  Concord  and  Merrimac 
rivers —  would  seem  to  include  Lowell  ;  yet  an  Indian  village 
then  occupied  that  territory,  and  such  villages  were  generally 
protected. 

The  township  had  now  attained  its  full  size.  In  shape  some- 
what like  an  hour-glass,  about  thirty-five  miles  in  length,  and 
wide  at  each  extremity,  it  was  not  much  more  than  one  mile  in 
width  in  the  central  part,  where  the  original  settlement  was 
made,  and  where  most  of  the  inhabitants  then  resided.  Such  was 
its  shape  when  Johnson  described  it  in  1651.  "  This  Town  is 
compact  closely  within  itselfe,  till  of  late  yeares  some  few  strag- 
ling  houses  have  been  built :  the  Liberties  of  this  Town  have  been 
inlarged  of  late  in  length,  reaching  from  the  most  Northerly  part 
of  Charles  River  to  the  most  Southerly  part  of  Merrimack 
River."  4  This  description,  however,  does  not  comprehend  the 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  166.  them  and  Concord  is  granted   them,  all 

2  Ibid.,  i.  330,  ii.  17.  save  what  is  formerly  granted  to  the  mil- 
8  Ibid.,  ii.  62.     The  description  in  this    itary  company   or  others,  provided   the 

grant  is  somewhat  different  from  the  for-  church    and   present  elders   continue   at 

mer:    "  Shawshin    is   granted   to  Cam-  Cambridge." 

bridg,  without  any  condition  of  makeing  *  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xiii.  137. 
a  village   there;  and  the  land   between 


4  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

whole  territory  then  belonging  to  Cambridge  ;  for  both  Brighton 
and  Newton  are  wholly  on  the  southerly  side  of  Charles  River. 
The  portion  of  Dedham,  which  now  constitutes  the  town  of  Need- 
ham,  was  the  southerly  bound. 

But  Cambridge  soon  lost  a  part  of  its  enormous  length.  In 
1655,  an  amicable  arrangement  was  made  between  the  town  and 
those  of  its  inhabitants  who  had  erected  houses  at  Shawshine, 
for  a  separation ;  this  arrangement  was  confirmed  by  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  and  Shawshine  was  incorporated  as  a  town,  under  the 
name  of  Billerica.1  Soon  afterwards  the  inhabitants  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river,  in  what  is  now  Newton,  where  a  church  was 
organized  July  20,  1664,  petitioned  for  incorporation  as  a  sepa- 
rate town.  Cambridge  objected  ;  and  a  long  and  earnest  contro- 
versy ensued.  The  Newton  people  triumphed  at  last,  as  will  be 
fully  related  in  another  place,  and  in  1688  became  a  separate 
township. 

The  northwesterly  portion  of  the  territory  remaining  in  Cam- 
bridge was  for  many  years  called  "  The  Farms,"  and  a  church 
was  organized  there  Oct.  21,  1696.  The  Farmers,  as  they  were 
styled,  subsequently  agreed  with  the  town  upon  terms  of  sep- 
aration, and  by  an  "  order  passed  in  Council  and  concurred  by 
the  Representatives,"  March  20,  1713,  they  were  incorporated 
as  "  a  separate  and  distinct  town  by  the  name  of  Lexington,  upon 
the  articles  and  terms  already  agreed  on  with  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge." 2 

From  this  period  Cambridge  was  not  curtailed  of  its  propor- 
tions for  nearly  a  century.  Indeed,  it  obtained  some  additions. 
The  present  southwesterly  portion  of  the  city,  lying  west  of 
Sparks  Street  and  south  of  Vassall  Lane,  was  set  off  from  Water- 
town  and  annexed  to  Cambridge,  April  19,  1754,3  except  the 
"  Cambridge  Cemetery  "  and  a  few  acres  between  that  and  the 
former  line,  which  were  annexed  April  27,  1855.4  The  line  of 
Watertown  was  thus  carried  about  a  half  a  mile  further  westward ; 
and  the  tract  thus  acquired  embraces  some  of  the  most  desirable 
land  in  the  city  for  dwelling-houses.  From  Charlestown  (now 
Somerville),  the  dwellings  and  a  portion  of  the  estates  of  Nathan- 
iel Prentiss,  Josiah  Wellington,  Stephen  Goddard,  Benjamin  God- 
dard,  and  Nathaniel  Goddard,  including  most  of  the  tract  bounded 
by  North  Avenue,  Russell,  Elrn,  and  White  streets,  were  annexed 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  Hi.  387.  stood  on  this  tract  of  land,  not  far  from 

2  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  ix.  258.  the  present  residence  of  James  Russell 
8  Ibid.,  xx.  228.    Dr.  Bond  conjectured     Lowell.  —  Hist.  Watertown,  p.  1046. 

that  the  first  meeting-house  in  Watertown        *  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  x.  360. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  5 

to  Cambridge,  March  6,  1802  ; l  the  estate  of  William  Hunne- 
well,  Feb.  12,  1818 ; 2  and  a  portion  of  Professor  Ware's  estate, 
now  the  Norton  homestead,  June  17,  1820.3  These  three  annex- 
ations are  indicated  by  the  sharp  angles  on  the  map.  The  line 
at  White  Street  was  somewhat  changed  April  30,  1856,  and 
the  line  between  Cambridge  and  Belmont  and  Arlington,  was 
straightened  Feb.  25,  1862. 

The  northwesterly  part  of  the  town  was  made  a  separate  pre- 
cinct Dec.  27,  1732,  and  was  afterwards  styled  the  Second 
Parish,  or  more  generally  Menotomy.  The  line  of  division  was 
"  Menotomy  River  from  Charlestown  till  it  comes  to  Spy  Pond 
Brook ;  then  on  said  brook  till  it  comes  to  a  water-course  or 
ditch  in  Whiting's  meadow,  so  called  :  the  ditch  to  be  the  boun- 
dary till  it  comes  to  Hamblett's  Brook,  following  the  course  of 
the  Brook  to  the  Bridge ;  thence  on  a  straight  line  to  the  north- 
west corner  of  Mr.  Isaac  Holden's  orchard,  and  continuing  the 
same  course  to  Watertown  line."  4  This  tract,  with  the  addition 
of  the  remaining  territory  on  the  westerly  side  of  Menotomy 
River,  was  incorporated,  Feb.  27,  1807,  under  the  name  of  West 
Cambridge,5  which  name  was  changed  to  Arlington,  April  20, 
1867.6 

The  inhabitants  of  the  territory  left  on  the  south  side  of 
Charles  River  petitioned  to  be  made  a  separate  precinct,  as  early 
as  1748,  and  renewed  their  petition,  from  time  to  time,  until 
April  2,  1779,  when  they  were  authorized  to  bring  in  a  bill  to 
incorporate  them  as  an  ecclesiastical  parish,  "  excepting  Samuel 
Sparhawk,  John  Gardner,  Joanna  Gardner,  and  Moses  Griggs, 
and  their  estates."7  This  was  styled  the  Third  Parish,  or  Little 
Cambridge.  The  whole  territory  south  of  Charles  River  was 
incorporated,  under  the  name  of  Brighton,  Feb.  24,  1837.8 

By  the  incorporation  of  West  Cambridge  and  Brighton,  which 
was  the  result  of  an  amicable  agreement  between  the  several 
parties,  Cambridge  was  reduced  substantially  to  its  present  lim- 
its. Several  attempts  have  since  been  made  for  a  further  divis- 
ion ;  but  its  incorporation  as  a  city  has  removed  most  of  the 
difficulties  which  previously  existed,  and  it  may  be  reasonably 
expected  that  no  more  attempts  of  the  kind  will  be  made  during 
the  present  century. 

1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  ii.  520.  7  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  xxxix.  213. 

2  Ibid.,  v.  220.  8  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,   iv.   70.      By  an 
8  Ibid.,  v.  385.                                                 net  approved  May  21, 1873,  Brighton  was 

4  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  xii.  351.  annexed  to  Boston,  —  the  annexation  to 

5  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  iv.  88.  take   full   effect  on  the  first  Monday   in 

6  Ibid.,  xii.  244.  January,  1874. 


CHAPTER   II. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

THE  purpose  for  which  Cambridge  was  originally  established 
as  a  town  is  stated  by  two  of  its  projectors,  Winthrop  and  Dud- 
ley. "  The  governor  and  most  of  the  assistants,"  had  "  agreed 
to  build  a  town  fortified  upon  the  neck,"  between  Roxbury  and 
Boston,  Dec.  6,  1630  ;  but,  for  several  reasons,  they  abandoned 
that  project,  eight  days  afterwards,  and  agreed  to  examine  other 
places.  On  the  twenty-first  day  of  the  same  month :  "  We  met 
again  at  Watertown,  and  there,  upon  view  of  a  place  a  mile  be- 
neath the  town,  all  agreed  it  a  fit  place  for  a  fortified  town,  and 
we  took  time  to  consider  further  about  it."  l  Dudley,  describing 
the  events  of  1630,  in  his  letter  to  the  Countess  of  Lincoln,  says, 
"  We  began  again  in  December  to  consult  about  a  fit  place  to 
build  a  town  upon,  leaving  all  thoughts  of  a  fort,  because  upon 
any  invasion  we  were  necessarily  to  lose  our  houses  when  we 
should  retire  thereinto.  So  after  divers  meetings  at  Boston, 
Roxbury,  and  Watertown,  on  the  twenty-eighth  of  December, 
we  grew  to  this  resolution,  to  bind  all  the  assistants  2  (Mr.  Endi- 
cott  and  Mr.  Sharpe  excepted,  which  last  purposeth  to  return  by 
the  next  ship  into  England),  to  build  houses  at  a  place  a  mile 
east  from  Watertown,  near  Charles  River,  the  next  spring,  and  to 
winter  there  the  next  year  ;  that  so  by  our  examples,  and  by 
removing  the  ordnance  and  munition  thither,  all  who  were  able 
might  be  drawn  thither,  and  such  as  shall  come  to  us  hereafter, 
to  their  advantage,  be  compelled  so  to  do  ;  and  so,  if  God  would, 
a  fortified  town  might  there  grow  up,  the  place  fitting  reason- 
ably well  thereto."  Johnson  describes  the  original  design  and  its 
partial  accomplishment,  in  his  characteristic  manner  :  "  At  this 
time,  those  who  were  in  place  of  civil  government,  having  some 

1  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  45,  46.  cott,  Increase  Nowell,  William  Pynchon, 

2  Winthrop  was  then   Governor,   and  Thomas  Sharp,  Roger  Ludlow,  William 
Dudley  Deputy  Governor;  the  Assistants  Coddington,  and  Simon  Bradstreet. 
were  Sir  Richard  Saltonstall,  John  Endi- 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  7 

additional  pillars  to  underprop  the  building,  began  to  think  of 
a  place  of  more  safety  in  the  eyes  of  man  than  the  two  frontier 
towns  of  Charles  Towne  and  Boston  were,  for  the  habitation  of 
such  as  the  Lord  had  prepared  to  govern  this  pilgrim  people. 
Wherefore  they  rather  made  choice  to  enter  further  among  the  In- 
dians than  hazard  the  fury  of  malignant  adversaries  who  in  a  rage 
might  pursue  them,  and  therefore  chose  a  place  situate  on  Charles 
River,  between  Charles  Towne  and  Water  Towne,  where  they 
erected  a  town  called  New  Town,  now  named  Cambridge,  being 
in  form  like  a  list  cut  off  from  the  broad-cloth  of  the  two  fore- 
named  towns,  where  this  wandering  race  of  Jacobites  gathered 
the  eighth  church  of  Christ."1 

Notwithstanding  it  was  agreed  that  "  all  the  assistants  "  should 
build  at  the  New  Town  in  the  spring  of  1631,  it  does  not  appeal- 
that  any  of  them  fulfilled  the  agreement,  except  Dudley  and 
Bradstreet.  Governor  Winthrop  indeed  erected  a  house  ;  2  but 
he  subsequently  took  it  down  again  and  removed  it  to  Boston. 
This  led  to  a  sharp  controversy  between  Dudley  and  Winthrop, 
which  was  at  length  decided  by  the  elders  in  favor  of  Dudley.3 
There  may  have  been  good  and  sufficient  reasons  why  Winthrop 
should  prefer  to  remain  in  Boston  rather  than  to  remove  to  the 
New  Town.  But  it  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  he  should  claim 
to  have  substantially  fulfilled  his  obligation,  or  "  performed  the 
words  of  the  promise,"  by  erecting  a  house,  though  he  immedi- 
ately removed  it.  This  is  scarcely  consistent  with  his  otherwise 
fair  fame  as  a  gentleman  of  singular  ingenuousness.  It  would 
seem  that  Sir  Richard  Saltonstall  intended  to  build  a  house,  and 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xiii.  136.  ing  to  the  promise  he  made  to  them  when 

2  It  has  been  said  that  Winthrop  erected  they  first  sat  down  with  him  at  Boston, 
only  the  frame  of  a  house  ;  but  he  says  it  namely,  that  he  would  not  remove,  except 
was  a  house  inhabited  by  servants.     See  they  went  with  him),  he  would  not  leave 
next  note.  them :  —  this  was  the  occasion  that  he  re- 

3  Savage's  Winlhrop,  i.  82,  83.  Winthrop  moved  his  house.     Upon  these  and  other 
says  Dudley  "complained  of  the  breach  speeches  to   this   purpose,   the  ministers 
of  promise,   both   in   the   governor   and  went  apart  for  one  hour ;  then  returning, 
others,  in  not  building  at  Newtown.     The  they  delivered   their   opinions,    that   the 
governor  answered,  that  he  had  performed  governor  was  in  fault  for  removing  of  his 
the  words  of  the  promise;  for  he  had  a  house  so  suddenly,  without  conferring  with 
house   up,  and  seven  or  eight  servants  the  deputy  and  the  rest  of  the  assistants  ; 
abiding  in  it,  by  the  day  appointed;  and  but  if  the  deputy  were  the  occasion  of  dis- 
for  the  removing  his  house,  he  alleged  couraging  Boston  men  from  removing,  it 
that,  seeing  that  the  rest  of  the  assistants  would  excuse  the  governor  a  tanto,  but 
went  not  about  to  build,  and    that   his  not  a    toto.     The    governor,    professing 
neighbors  of  Boston  had  been  discouraged  himself  willing  to  submit  his  own  opin- 
from  removing  thither  by  Mr.  Deputy  ion  to   the  judgment  of  so  many   wise 
himself,   and   thereupon   had  (under  all  and  godly  friends,  acknowledged  himself 
their  hands)  petitioned  him,  that  (accord-  faulty." 


8 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


a  lot  was  assigned  to  him  for  that  purpose  ; 1  but  he  went  to 
England  in  the  spring  of  1631,  and  did  not  return.  Nowell 
remained  at  Charlestown  ;  Pynchon,  at  Roxbury  ;  Ludlow,  at 
Dorchester  ;  and  Coddington,  at  Boston.  Endicott  and  Sharpe 
were  originally  free  from  engagement. 

Dr.  Holmes  says,  "  the  Deputy  Governor  (Dudley),  Secretary 
Bradstreet,  and  other  principal  gentlemen,  in  the  spring  of  1631, 
commenced  the  execution  of  the  plan."  2  No  list  of  inhabitants 
is  found  until  after  the  ;'  Braintree  Company  "  arrived  in  the 
summer  of  1632,  except  this  memorandum  on  the  title-page  of 
the  Town  Records :  "  The  Towne  Book  of  Newtowne.  In- 
habitants there  —  Mr.  Tho.  Dudly  Esq.,  Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet, 
Mr.  Edmond  Lockwood,  Mr.  Daniell  Patricke,  John  Poole,  Wil- 
liam Spencer,  John  Kirman,  Symon  Sackett."  3  But  this  Book 

1  The  Proprietors'  Records  show  that     the  General  Court,  Constable  of  the  New 


what  is  now  called  Winthrop  Square  was 
allotted  to  Sir  Richard  Saltonstall ;  but 
when  it  was  ascertained  that  he  would 
not  return  from  England,  the  lot  was  as- 
signed for  a  "Market  Place,"  by  which 
name  it  was  known  for  more  than  two 
centuries,  though  no  market-house  was 
ever  erected  there.  Probably  like  the  old 
Market  Place  in  Boston,  it  was  used  for 
traffic,  in  the  open  air,  between  the  in- 
habitants and  such  as  brought  commodi- 
ties for  sale. 

2  Coll.  Mass.  Hist  Soc.,  vii.  7. 

8  Of  these  eight  persons  who  laid  the 
foundation  of  the  New  Town,  Thomas 
Dudley  was  the  most  eminent.  He  was 
elected  Deputy  Governor  in  1630,  became 
Governor  in  1634,  and  was  either  Gover- 
nor, Deputy  Governor,  or  Assistant,  dur- 
ing the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  removed 
to  Ipswich,  perhaps  before  May,  1636,when 
he  and  Bradstreet  were  named  as  magis- 
trates to  hold  the  court  there,  while  others 
were  appointed  for  the  court  at  New  Town. 
Soon  afterwards  he  removed  to  Roxbury, 
were  he  died  July  31,  1653.  Simon 
Bradstreet  was  an  Assistant  from  1630  to 
1678;  Deputy  Governor,  1678;  Governor, 
1679-86,  1689-92.  He  also  removed  to 
Ipswich,  probably  with  Dudley,  whose 
daughter  was  his  wife ;  was  afterwards  in 
Andover  for  a  short  time ;  then  in  Bos- 
ton until  Sept.  18,  1695,  when  he  re- 
moved to  Salem,  and  died  there,  March 
27,  1697.  Edmund  Lockwood,  having 
the  prefix  of  "  Mr.,"  was  appointed  by 


Town,  at  its  organization,  May,  1632; 
and  at  the  same  session  was  selected  as 
one  of  the  two  inhabitants  of  the  town  "  to 
confer  with  the  Court  about  raising  of  a 
public  stock."  He  died  before  March, 
1635.  Daniel  Patrick,  also  styled  "  Mr.," 
was  one  of  the  two  captains  appointed 
by  the  Court,  to  command  the  militia 
of  the  Colony.  Except  as  a  military  man, 
his  character  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
very  reputable.  In  1637  he  had  liberty 
to  remove  to  Ipswich,  but  seems  rather 
to  have  gone  to  Watcrtown,  where  he  was 
Selectman,  in  1638.  He  afterwards  re- 
moved to  Connecticut,  and  was  killed  by 
a  Dutchman,  at  Stamford,  in  1643.  John 
Poolo  probably  remained  here  only  a  few 
months,  as  he  is  not  named  in  the  list  of 
proprietors,  in  1633.  He  was  of  Lynn, 
1638,  and  afterwards  of  Reading,  where 
he  died  April  1,  1667.  William  Spencer, 
uniformly  styled  "Mr."  on  the  court  rec- 
ords, was  one  of  the  "  principal  gentle- 
men." He  was  associated  with  Mr.  Lock- 
wood,  May,  1632,  "to  confer  with  the 
Court  about  raising  of  a  public  stock;  " 
was  Deputy  or  Representative  of  the  New 
Town,  1634-1637;  one  of  the  first  Board 
of  Townsmen,  1635;  lieutenant  of  the 
trainband,  1637,  and  a  member  of  the  An- 
cient and  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
at  its  organization  in  1639;  he  probably 
removed  to  Hartford  in  1639,  where  he  was 
Selectman  and  Deputy,  and  died  in  1640. 
John  Kirman  removed  to  Lynn,  1632, 
and  was  a  Deputy,  1635.  Simon  Sack- 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  9 

of  Records  was  not  commenced  until  1632,  several  months  after 
Dudley  and  Bradstreet  performed  their  promise  "  to  build  houses 
at  the  New  Town."  Whether  more  than  the  before  named  eight 

o 

persons,  and  indeed  whether  all  these  resided  in  the  New  Town 
before  the  end  of  1631,  I  have  not  found  any  certain  proof.  The 
number  of  inhabitants  in  that  year  was  doubtless  small ;  yet  there 
were  enough  able-bodied  men  to  be  specially  included  in  an  order 
of  court  passed  July  26,  1631,  requiring  a  general  training  of 
soldiers  in  all  the  plantations.1 

Although  the  Governor  and  Assistants  generally  did  not  per- 
form their  agreement  to  make  the  New  Town  the  place  of  their 
permanent  residence,  they  seem  to  have  regarded  it  as  the 
prospective  seat  of  government,  and  not  long  afterwards,  as  will 
appear,  commenced  holding  the  general  and  particular  courts 
there.  Several  orders,  passed  during  the  year,  indicate  such  an 
expectation  and  intention.  For  example  :  June  14,  1631,  "  Mr. 
John  Maisters  hath  undertaken  to  make  a  passage  from  Charles 
River  to  the  New  Town,  twelve  foot  broad  and  seven  foot 
deep  ;  for  which  the  Court  promiseth  him  satisfaction,  according 
as  the  charges  thereof  shall  amount  unto."2  On  the  fifth  of  the 
following  July,  provision  was  made  for  the  payment  of  Mr.  Mas- 
ters, when  it  was  "  Ordered,  That  there  shall  be  levied  out  of  the 
several  plantations  the  sum  of  thirty  pounds,  for  the  making  of 
the  creek  at  the  New  Town,"  —  but  no  portion  of  this  sum 
was  assessed  upon  the  New  Town.  Again,  Feb.  3,  1631-2,  "  It 
was  ordered,  That  there  should  be  three  score  pounds  levied  out 
of  the  several  plantations  within  the  limits  of  this  patent,  towards 
the  making  of  a  pallysadoe  about  the  New  Town  ;  viz.  Water- 
town,  viii.?.  the  New  Town,  iii.Z.  Charlton,  vii.Z.  Mead  ford,  iu.l. 
Saugus  and  Marble  Harbor,  vi.L  Salem,  iv.Z.  x.s.  Boston,  \ii'\.L 
Rocksbury,  vii.L  Dorchester,  vii.Z.  Wessaguscus,  v.Z.  Winett- 
semet,  xxx.s."3 

ett  died  here  before  3d  November,  1635,  the  town  ordered  a  causeway  and  foot- 
when  administration  was  granted  to  his  bridge  to  be  constructed,  Jan.  4,  1635-36. 
widow  Isabell  Sackett.  8  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,i.  98.  Winthrop  says 

1  Mass.  Coll.  Eec.,  i.  90.  that    Watcrtown    objected    against    the 

2  Ibid.,  i.  88.     This  canal  still  exists  on  validity  and  justice  of  this  assessment  : 
the  westerly  side  of  College  Wharf,  from  and  his  learned  editor  says  :  "  To  the  agi- 
Charles  River  nearly   to    South   Street,  tation  of  this  subject  we  may  refer  the 
It  was   a  natural   creek,  enlarged    and  origin   of  that  committee  of   two  from 
deepened  thus  far,  from  which  point,  turn-  each  town  to  advise  with  the  court  about 
ing  westerly,  it  extended  along  the  south-  raising  public  moneys  '  so  as  what  they 
erly  and  westerly  sides  of  South  and  Eliot  should  agree  upon  should  bind  all,'  under 
streets,  and  crossed  Brattle  Street,  where  date  of  May  of  this  year.     This  led  to  the 


10  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Six  months  later,  there  was  a  considerable  accession  of  inhabi- 
tants, by  order  of  the  General  Court.  The  order  does  not  ap- 
pear on  the  records  of  the  Court ;  but  Winthrop  says,  under  date 
of  Aug.  14, 1632,  "The  Braintree1  Company  (which  had  begun 
to  sit  down  at  Mount  Wollaston),  by  order  of  court,  removed  to 
Newtown.  There  were  Mr.  Hooker's  Company."  2  Before  their 
arrival  an  order  was  adopted  by  the  inhabitants,  in  regard  to  the 
paling  around  the  common  lands;  the  contemplated  assignment 
of  proportions,  however,  was  not  made  until  several  months  after- 
wards, when  new  inhabitants  had  arrived  and  had  received  grants 
of  the  common  property.  The  date  of  this  order,  which  is  the 
first  recorded  in  the  town  records,  is  March  29,  1632  :  — 

"  An  agreement  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  New  Town,  about 
paling 3  in  the  neck  of  land.  Imprimis,  That  every  one  who 
hath  any  part  therein  shall  hereafter  keep  the  same  in  good  and 
sufficient  repair  ;  and  if  it  happen  to  have  any  defect,  he  shall 
mend  the  same  within  three  days  after  notice  given,  or  else 'pay 
ten  shillings  a  rod  for  every  rod  so  repaired  for  him.  Further, 
It  is  agreed  that  the  said  impaled  ground  shall  be  divided  accord- 
ing to  every  man's  proportion  in  said  pales.  Further,  It  is 
agreed,  that  if  any  man  shall  desire  to  sell  his  part  of  impaled 
ground,  he  shall  first  tender  the  sale  thereof  to  the  town  inhabi- 
tants interested,  who  shall  either  give  him  the  charge  he  hath 
been  at,  or  else  to  have  liberty  to  sell  it  to  whom  he  can." 

In  the  list  which  follows,  evidently  according  to  the  preceding 
order,  though  not  immediately  succeeding  it  on  the  record,  I  pre- 
serve the  original  orthography,  together  with  the  number  of  rods, 
indicating  the  relative  shares  in  the  impaled  ground. 

representative  body,  having  the  full  powers  near  the  junction  of  Ellsworth  Avenue 

of  all  the  freemen,  except  that  of  elec-  with  Cambridge   Street,   to  the  line  be- 

tions."  —  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  71,  note.  tween  Cambridge  and  Charlestown  (now 

1  Supposed    to    be   so  called   because  Somerville),  at  its  angle  on  Line  Street 
they   came   from    Braintree,   a    town   in  near  Cambridge  Street,  and    thence  fol- 
Essex,  about  forty  miles  from  London.  lowed  that  line  to  the  creek,  a  few  rods 

2  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  87.    Mr.  Hooker  easterly  from    the   track    of    the  Grand 
did  not  arrive   until  more   than  a  year  Junction  Railroad.     Commencing  again 
later;  but  the  members  of  his  flock,  who  at  the   point   first   mentioned,  the  fence 
preceded  him,  in  due  time  again  enjoyed  extended  southwardly  to  the  marsh  near 
his  pastoral  care.  the    junction    of   Holyoke    Place    with 

8  The  location  of  the  greater  part  of  Mount    Auburn   Street.      The    kind   of 

this  fence,  or  "  pale  "  is  designated  with  fence  then  erected  is  indicated  in  an  order 

tolerable  accuracy  by  the  ancient  records  passed  Dec.  5, 1636  :  "That  the  common 

of  possessions   and  conveyances.     Com-  pales  in  all  places,  to  be  made  after  this 

mencing  in  the  present  College  yard,  near  day,  shall  be  done  with  sufficient  posts  and 

the  northwesterly  angle   of  Gore   Hall,  rails,  and  not  with  crotches." 
and  extending  eastwardly,  it  passed  very 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


11 


COMMON  PALES  DIVIDED  AS  FOLLOWS  :  — 


8  rods. 

7  " 

6  " 

6  " 

6  " 

6  " 

G  " 

5  « 

5  " 

4  " 

4  « 

3  " 

3  " 

3  " 

3  " 

3  " 

2  " 

2  " 

2  " 

2  " 

2  " 


Of  these  forty-two  persons,  it  is  certain  that  at  least  one  half 
were  not  of  the  Braintree  Company,  as  many  have  supposed.1 
Precisely  how  many  of  the  other  half  were  of  that  company,  I 
have  110  means  to  determine  ;  but  from  whatever  place  they  may 
have  come,  the  number  of  inhabitants  so  increased  that  in  about 
a  year  there  were  nearly  a  hundred  families  in  the  New  Town. 

The  division  of  lands  and  the  establishment  of  highways  were 
among  the  first  necessities.  The  house-lots  were  laid  out  com- 
pactly in  the  "  Town,"  and  in  the  "  West  End,"  the  tract 
bounded  by  Sparks,  Wyeth,  and  Garden  streets,  Harvard  and 
Brattle  squares,  and  Charles  River.  For  cultivation,  lands  were 
assigned  in  the  impaled  "  Neck,"  and  afterwards  elsewhere. 


John  Haynes,  Esq.    .     . 
Thomas  Dudly,  Esq. 
Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet  . 
John  Benjamin      .     .     . 
John  Talcott     .... 

70] 
40 
20 
50 
36 

rods. 

a 

a 
a 
a 

Steven  Hart  .... 
William  Wadsworth  .  . 
George  Steele  .  .  .  . 
Richard  Goodman  ,  . 
John  Brido1  

Mathew  Allen        .     .     . 
William  Westwood    .     . 

45 
30 

a 

a 

Symon  Sackett  .  .  . 
Richard  Butler  .  .  . 

James  Omstead     .     .     . 
Daniell  Denison    .     .     . 

25 
25 

a 
a 

Capt.  Patrike  .  .  .  . 
Richard  Web  . 

Samuell  Dudly      .     .     . 
Andrew  Warner    . 
William  Goodwine 

25 
20 
16 

a 
a 
a 

John  Masters  .  .  .  . 
Antho.  Colby  .  .  .  . 
John  Clark  

John  White      .... 

15 

a 

Nath.  Richards 

John  Steel  e       .... 

14 

a 

Richard  Lord  .  .  . 

Edward  Stebinge  .     .     . 
William  Spencer  .     .     . 
Thomas  Hosmer   .     .     . 

12 
12 
10 

a 
a 

a 

Abraham  Morrill  .  .  . 
William  Kelse  .  .  .  . 
Jonath.  Bosworth 

William  Lewis      .     .     . 
Hester  Musse   .... 

10 
10 

a 
a 

Tho.  Spencer  .... 
Garrad  Hadon  .  .  . 

Joseph  Readinge   .     . 
Thomas  Heate  .... 

2 
2 

U 

ti 

Edward  Elmer  .  .  . 
Jeremy  Addams  .  .  . 

1  Thomas  Dudley,  Simon  Bradstreet, 
Daniel  Patrick,  Simon  Sackett,  and  Wil- 
liam Spencer  were  here  before  August, 
1632,  when  the  "Braintree  Company" 
removed.  Samuel  Dudley  was  doubtless 
here  also.  Daniel  Denison  came  here 
from  Roxbury.  Anthony  Colby,  Garrad 
Haddon,  and  Joseph  Reading,  were  of 
Boston  in  1630;  and  John  Masters  of 
Watertown,  in  1631.  John  Benjamin, 


Edward  Elmer,  William  Goodwin,  Wil- 
liam Lewis,  James  Olmstead,  Nathaniel 
Richards,  John  Talcott,  William  Wads- 
worth,  and  John  White,  arrived  at  Boston, 
in  the  Lion,  Sept.  16,  1632,  a  month  after 
the  Braintree  Company  removed;  and 
John  Haynes  did  not  arrive  until  Sept. 
3,  1633.  The  name  of  Simon  Onkes 
is  erroneously  given  in  Col.  Mass.  Hist. 
Soc.,  vii.  10,  instead  of  Simon  Sackett. 


12  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  original  assignment  is  not  found ;  but  the  work  was  com- 
menced before  the  "  Braintree  Company  "  arrived ;  for  Winthrop 
alleged,  as  early  as  August  3,  1632,  that  Dudley  "had  empaled, 
at  Newtown,  above  one  thousand  acres,  and  had  assigned  lands 
to  some  there."  l  So  much  of  the  impaled  land  as  lies  northerly 
of  Main  Street  was  so  divided,  that  the  divisions  are  easily 
traced.  The  westerly  part  of  what  was  denominated  "the 
Neck,"  was  allotted  in  small  portions.  First  came  the  "planting 
field,"  afterwards  called  the  "  Old  field,"  which  was  bounded 
westerly  and  northerly  by  the  common  pales,  easterly  by  Dana 
Street,  and  southerly  by  Main  and  Arrow  streets ;  this  contained 
about  sixty-three  acres,  and  was  assigned  in  small  portions  for 
separate  use.  Next  to  this  field  was  the  "  Small-lot  hill,"  which 
was  bounded  southerly  by  Main  Street,  westerly  by  Dana  Street, 
northerly  by  the  common  pales,  and  easterly  by  a  line  extended 
from  Somerville,  near  the  northern  termination  of  Fayette  Street, 
to  a  point  on  Main  Street  about  one  hundred  and  thirty  feet  east 
of  Hancock  Street.  This  tract  contained  about  forty-six  acres, 
and  was  divided  into  eighteen  narrow  lots  extending  from  Dana 
Street  to  the  easterly  line.  Eastwardly  from  "  Small-lot  hill " 
the  land  was  divided  into  large  lots,  which  were  assigned  in 
the  following  order  and  quantity  :  Samuel  Dudley,  22|  acres ; 
Thomas  Dudley,  Esq.,  63  acres  ;  Richard  Goodman,  6  acres ; 
William  Westwood,  27  acres ;  John  Talcott,  32  acres ;  Daniel 
Denison,  22^  acres  ;  John  Haynes,  Esq.,  63  acres  ;  (these  lots  sev- 
erally extended  from  what  is  now  Main  Street  to  Somerville 
line  ;  the  following  lots  bordered  southerly  on  the  Great  Marsh)  : 
Widow  Hester  Mussey,  9  acres ;  Matthew  Allen,  27  acres ;  John 
Talcott,  45  acres,  bordering  eastwardly  on  the  marsh,  and  another 
lot,  wholly  marsh,  50  acres  ;  Atherton  Hough,  130  acres  of  marsh 
and  upland,  embracing  "  Graves  his  neck,"  or  East  Cambridge. 

At  a  later  period,  another  planting  field  was  enclosed  by  a 
common  fence,  and  was  called  the  "  West  field,"  and  sometimes 
"  West-end  field."  It  was  bounded  northerly  by  Garden  Street, 
easterly  by  Wyeth  Street,  southerly  by  Vassall  Lane,  and  west- 
erly by  the  Great  Swamp,  or  Fresh  Pond  meadows.  There  was 
also  the  Pine  Swamp  field,  whose  bounds  I  cannot  trace  ;  but  it 
was  in  the  vicinity  of  the  intersection  of  Oxford  Street  with 
Everett  and  Mellen  streets. 

Such  were  the  principal  planting  fields  in  early  use.  The 
marshes  and  meadows  were  in  like  manner  assigned  in  severalty. 

1  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  84. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  13 

The  principal  fresh  meadows  at  first  divided  were  those  which 
adjoin  Fresh  Pond,  called  the  "  Fresh  Pond  meadows."  The 
marshes  on  the  northerly  side  of  Charles  River  received  distinc- 
tive names.  The  tract  lying  westerly  of  Ash  Street  was  called 
Windmill-hill-marsh  " ;  between  Ash  Street  and  College  Wharf 
was  "  Ox-marsh  "  ;  the  name  of  "  Ship-marsh  "  was  applied  to 
the  tract  extending  from  College  Wharf  to  the  point  where  the 
river  sweeps  around  to  the  south  ;  and  the  narrow  strip  between 
this  point  and  Riverside  was  called  "  Common-marsh."  "  Long- 
marsh  "  extended  from  Green  Street  between  Bay  and  Vernon 
streets  to  the  river  below  Riverside,  and  probably  to  "  Captain's 
Island,"  at  the  south  end  of  Magazine  Street.  The  marsh  be- 
tween Captain's  Island  and  East  Cambridge  was  called  the 
"  Great  Marsh."  Its  name  will  appear  the  more  appropriate, 
when  it  is  considered  that  almost  the  entire  territory  easterly  of 
a  line  drawn  from  the  junction  of  Pearl  and  Allston  streets  to 
the  point  where  the  Grand  Junction  Railroad  crosses  Miller's 
River  (excepting  the  high  land  in  East  Cambridge),  was  then 
one  continuous  unbroken  marsh.  A  small  tract,  indeed,  lying 
southeast wardly  from  the  junction  of  Main  and  Front  streets, 
was  upland,  and  was  an  island  at  high  water,  afterwards  called 
"•  Pelham's  Island  "  ;  and  a  few  other  small  parcels  of  dry  land 
appeared  on  the  easterly  side  of  the  line  before  mentioned,  but 
they  were  more  than  counterbalanced  by  tracts  of  marsh  on  the 
westerly  side. 

The  grazing  lands  were  not  divided  at  first ;  but  the  herds  of 
cows,  goats,  and  swine  were  driven  forth,  under  care  of  their  sev- 
eral keepers,  to  range  over  the  undivided  lands,  styled  "  com- 
mons." The  tract  embraced  between  Garden  and  Linnaean 
streets  and  North  Avenue  was  early  set  apart  for  the  security  of 
the  cows  at  night.  It  was  called  the  "  Cow-common,"  and  re- 
mained undivided  nearly  a  century  after  it  was  first  so  used. 
Provision  was  also  made  for  oxen,  and  the  tract  lying  between 
the  "  Common  Pales  "  and  Kirkland  Street,  extending  from  the 
Common  to  Somerville  line,  was  devoted  as  an  "  ox-pasture  ;  "  to 
which  was  subsequently  added  a  corresponding  tract  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Kirkland  Street. 

The  "  Path  from  Charlestown  to  Watertown  "  was  probably 
travelled  before  the  New  Town  was  selected  as  a  place  for  resi- 
dence ;  and  it  may  properly  be  regarded  as  the  most  ancient 
highway  in  Cambridge.  Its  general  direction  was  through  Kirk- 
land, Mason,  and  Brattle  streets,  Elmwood  Avenue,  and  Mount 


14  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Auburn  Street.  The  "  Town  "  and  all  the  grounds  originally 
impaled  were  on  the  southeasterly  side  of  this  path.  The  "com- 
mon pales,"  so  called,  were  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  south  of  the 
path,  at  the  present  Somerville  line,  and  about  two  hundred 
yards  from  it  at  Gore  Hall.  Among  the  earliest  of  the  streets 
laid  out  for  the  use  of  the  Town  were  four,  running  easterly  and 
westerly,  crossed  by  four  others  at  right  angles.  These  eight 
streets,  with  a  single  exception,  remain  substantially  in  their 
original  location  ;  but  many  of  them  have  been  made  wider,  and 
the  names  of  all  have  been  changed. 

ANCIENT    NAMES.  PRESENT    NAMES. 

Braintree  Street Harvard  Street  and  Harvard  Square. 

Spring  Street Mount  Auburn  Street. 

Long  Street Winthrop  Street. 

Marsh  Lane South  Street,  and  part  of  Eliot  Street. 

Creek  Lane Brattle  Square  and  part  of  Eliot  Street. 

Wood  Street Brighton  Street. 

Water  Street Dunster  Street. 

Crooked  Street Holyoke  Street. 

Besides  these  principal  streets  were  sundry  highways.  The 
"  highway  to  Watertown  "  extended  from  Brattle  Square  through 
Brattle  Street  to  Mason  Street  ;  and  thence  was  identical  with 
the  "  Path  from  Charlestown  to  Watertown."  From  this  high- 
way three  others  diverged  southerly :  one,  to  the  ox-marsh, 
passing  near  the  site  of  the  Brattle  Mansion-house ;  one  to  Wind- 
mill-hill, now  Ash  Street ;  and  one  to  Watertown  marsh,  not  far 
westerly  from  the  residence  of  Samuel  Batchelder,  Esq.  The 
first  and  last  of  these  three  highways  were  long  ago  closed. 
Mason  Street  was  early  distinguished  as  the  "  highway  from 
Charlestown  to  Watertown."  The  original  "  highway  to  the 
Fresh  Pond  "  followed  the  track  of  the  present  Garden  Street, 
Wyeth  Street,  and  Vassall  Lane,  except  that  it  passed  across  the 
common  from  Harvard  Square  to  its  northwesterly  corner.  As 
far  as  to  Wyeth  Street,  Garden  Street  was  called  both  the 
"  highway  to  the  Fresh  Pond,"  and  the  "  highway  to  the  Great 
Swamp  ;  "  northwesterly  from  Wyeth  Street,  it  had  the  latter 
name  exclusively.  An  old  range-way  on  the  easterly  side  of  the 
Botanic  Garden,  now  made  wider  and  called  Raymond  Street, 
was  "the  other  highway  to  the  Great  Swamp."  The  "high- 
way to  the  Common  "  indicated  that  portion  of  North  Avenue 
which  led  from  Harvard  Square  to  the  point  where  the  Old 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  15 

Charlestown  Path  crossed  the  Common.  The  other  portion  of 
North  Avenue  was  the  "  highway  to  Menotomy."  The  "  high- 
way to  Charlestown,"  or  the  "  Charlestown  Path,"  as  before 
stated,  was  the  present  Kirkland  Street.  In  the  impaled  land, 
the  principal  highway  was  the  "highway  to  the  Oyster  Bank," 
or  the  "  highway  into  the  neck,"  extending  through  Arrow 
Street,  Main  Street,  and  Pleasant  Street,  to  a  point  near  Cottage 
Street,  and  thence  diagonally  across  the  present  streets  towards 
Washington  Square.  From  Pleasant  Street  a  path  diverged 
westerly,  and  followed  the  border  of  the  upland,  next  to  the 
marsh,  and  was  called  the  "  highway  to  Captain's  Island." ] 
From  the  junction  of  Pleasant  and  Main  streets,  the  highway 
extended  easterly,  nearly  in  the  track  of  Main  Street,  and  at  a 
later  day  was  called  the  "  highway  to  Pelham's  Island."  Be- 
tween the  "  old  field  "  and  "  small-lot  hill,"  was  the  "  highway 
to  the  common  pales,"  now  called  Dana  Street,  the  direction  of 
which,  however,  is  somewhat  changed,  the  northerly  termination 
now  being  several  rods  more  westerly  than  it  was  at  first. 
Another  branch  extended  southerly  from  Main  Street  to  River- 
side, originally  called  the  "  highway  into  the  little  neck,"  now 
Putnam  Avenue.  From  the  "  town  "  into  the  "  highway  to  the 
oyster-bank  "  there  were  two  principal  entrances  :  one  being  a 
continuation  of  Braintree  (now  Harvard)  Street,  from  Holyoke 
Street  easterly,  through  Harvard  Street  and  the  northerly  portion 
of  Bow  Street  to  Arrow  Street,  and  indifferently  called  "  Field 
Lane  "  and  the  "  highway  to  the  oyster-bank  ;  "  the  other 
being  a  continuation  of  Spring  (now  Mount  Auburn)  Sti'eet,  or 
rather  branching  from  a  sharp  angle  in  Crooked  (now  Holyoke) 
Street,  opposite  to  the  site  of  the  printing  office,  and  winding 
along  the  higher  land  above  the  westerly  portion  of  Bow  Street, 
until  it  intersected  Field  Lane  at  the  present  junction  of  Bow 
and  Arrow  streets  ;  this  was  indifferently  called  "  Back  Lane," 
and  "  Cow-yard  Row."  "  Cow-yard  Lane,"  separating  the  house- 
lots  from  the  yards  in  the  rear,  extended  across  the  College  en- 
closure, from  the  Common  to  the  "  Old  Field,"  at  the  distance  of 
about  a  hundred  feet  from  Harvard  Street,  having  an  outlet  into 
Harvard  Street  about  a  hundred  feet  easterly  from  the  present 
Holyoke  Street ;  this,  like  that  into  which  it  entered,  was  called 
"  Field  Lane."  Cow-yard  Lane  and  Field  Lane  north  of  Har- 

1  The  upland,  where  the  Powder  Mag-  Patrick,  at  a  rcry  early  period,  since 
azine  was  erected,  an  island  at  high  which  time  it  has  always  been  styled 
water,  was  granted  to  Captain  Daniel  Captain's  Island. 


16  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

vard  Street  were  discontinued  and  enclosed  with  the  adjoining 
lands  immediately  after  "  Mr.  Hooker's  Company  "  removed. 
The  foregoing  are  all  the  highways  of  which  I  find  any  trace  in 
the  present  bounds  of  Cambridge,  prior  to  1636.  On  the  south 
side  of  the  river,  however,  a  highway  was  early  established, 
called  the  "  highway  to  Roxbury,"  from  a  point  opposite  to  the 
College  Wharf,  in  the  general  direction  of  the  road  from  Cam- 
bridge Great  Bridge,  through  the  easterly  portion  of  Brighton 
to  Brookline.  Frequent  reference  is  also  made,  in  the  early 
records,  to  the  "  highway  from  Watertown  to  Roxbury." 


CHAPTER  III. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

THE  New  Town  seems  never  to  have  been  incorporated  by  spe- 
cific act.  It  was  originally  set  apart  by  the  government  for  pub- 
lic use  ;  and  it  was  from  the  beginning  recognized  as  a  distinct 
town.  As  early  as  June  14,  1631,  the  Court  provided  for  the 
making  of  a  canal  or  "  passage  from  Charles  River  to  the  New 
Town,"  and,  in  ordering  a  tax  of  thirty  pounds,  Feb.  3,  1631-2, 
to  defray  the  expense  of  a  "  pallysadoe  about  the  New  Town," 
assessed  one  tenth  part  thereof  on  that  town,  as  related  in  Chap- 
ter II.  There  is  no  recorded  evidence,  however,  of  any  municipal 
transactions  by  the  New  Town  until  March  29,  1632,  when  the 
Town  Book  of  Records  was  opened  ;  since  which  time  a  continu- 
ous record  has  been  preserved.  The  first  transaction  recorded 
was  the  "  agreement  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  New  Town,  about 
paling  in  the  neck  of  land."  Six  weeks  later,  the  Court  appointed 
a  constable  for  the  New  Town,  and  selected  two  of  its  inhabitants, 
with  a  like  number  from  other  towns,  "  to  confer  with  the  Court 
about  raising  of  a  public  stock."  1  The  first  named  record,  March 
29,  1632,  has  been  fully  quoted  in  the  preceding  chapter.  The 
next  in  order,  Dec.  24,  1632,  provided  for  regular  meetings  of 
the  inhabitants  for  the  transaction  of  business.  The  record  is 
mutilated  somewhat,  and  the  words  supposed  to  have  been  worn 
off  are  here  inserted  in  brackets  :  — 

"  An  agreement  made  by  a  general  consent,  for  a  monthly 
meeting. 

"  Imprimis,  That  every  person  undersubscribed  shall  [meet] 
every  first  Monday  in  every  month,  within  [the]  meeting  house, 
in  the  afternoon,  within  half  [an  hour]  after  the  ringing  of  the 
bell ;  2  and  that  every  [one]  that  makes  not  his  personal  appear- 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  95,  96,  May   9,  plantacon  appointed  to  conferre  with  the 

1632:     "Mr.    Edmond    Lockwood    was  Court    about    raiseing    of   a     publique 

chosen  constable  of  New  Towne  for  this  stockc;" —  "Mr.    Lockwood    and    Mr. 

yeare  next  ensueing,  and  till  a  newe  be  Spencer  for  Newc  Towne." 

chosen."    On  the  same  day,  "It  was  or-  a  It  is  observable  that  the  hour  of  meet- 

dered  that  there  should  be  two  of  every  ing  was  thus  early  announced  by  "the 
2 


18  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ance  there  [and]  continues  there,  without  leave  from  the  [ 
until  the  meeting  be  ended,  shall  forfeit  [for  each]   default  xii. 
pence  :  and  if  it  be  not  paid   [before  the  next]  meeting,  then  to 
double  it,  and  so  until  [it  be  paid]." 

Although  a  general  subscription  seems  to  have  been  contem- 
plated, only  two  signatures  are  appended,  namely,  Thomas  Dud- 
ley and  John  Haynes ;  and  Mr.  Haynes  must  have  subscribed  his 
name  several  months  after  the  order  was  adopted,  as  he  did  not 
arrive  until  Sept.  3,  1633.  At  the  first  meeting  holden  in  pursu- 
ance of  this  "  agreement,"  several  municipal  arrangements  were 
made,  to  secure  the  beauty  and  safety  of  the  town,  to  wit :  — 

Jan.  7,  1632-3.  "  It  is  ordered,  that  no  person  whatever 
[shall  set]  up  any  house  in  the  bounds  of  this  town  [without] 
leave  from  the  major  part. 

"  Further,  it  is  agreed,  by  a  joint  consent,  [that  the]  town 
shall  not  be  enlarged  until  all  [the  vacant]  places  be  filled  with 
houses.1 

"  Further,  it  is  agreed,  that  all  the  houses  [within]  the  bounds 
of  the  town  shall  be  covered  [with]  slate  or  board,  and  not  with 
thatch.2 

"  Further,  it  is  ordered,  that  all  [the  houses  shall]  range  even, 
and  stand  just  six  [feet  on  each  man's]  own  ground  from  the 
street." 

ringing  of  the  bell."  Johnson  represents  2  This  was  a  reaffirmation  of  an  agree- 
that,  in  1636,  a  drum  was  used,  because  ment  made  by  the  original  projectors  of 
the  town  "had  as  yet  no  bell  to  call  men  the  town,  nearly  two  years  earlier.  In 
to  meeting."  —  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xiv.  his  letter  to  the  Countess  of  Lincoln, 
18.  It  seems  unlikely  that  "Mr.  Hook-  dated  March  28,  1631,  Dudley  speaks  of 
er's  company "  transported  their  bell,  recent  disasters  by  fire,  and  adds  :  "  For 
across  the  wilderness,  to  Connecticut,  and  the  prevention  whereof  in  our  new  town, 
the  story  perhaps  was  inaccurately  re-  intended  this  summer  to  be  builded,  we 
ported  to  Johnson.  The  day  of  meeting  have  ordered  that  no  man  there  shall  build 
was  changed  to  the  second  Monday  in  his  chimney  with  wood,  nor  cover  his 
the  month,  Oct.  1,  1639,  because  ''it  was  house  with  thatch."  As  an  additional 
ordered  "  by  the  General  Court,  "  to  pre-  prevention,  the  townsmen  ordered,  Oct. 
vent  the  hindrance  of  the  military  com-  3,  1636,  "  That  no  child,  under  the  age 
pany  upon  the  first  Monday  in  the  month,  of  ten  years,  shall  carry  any  fire  from 
that  no  other  meetings  should  be  ap-  one  house  to  another,  nor  any  other  per- 
pointed  upon  that  day."  son  unless  it  be  covered,  upon  the  forfei- 
1  "  The  town,"  technically  so-called,  ture  of  xii.  pence  a  time  for  every  such 
was  embraced  in  the  district  bounded  fault :  the  one  half  to  the  person  that  sees 
northerly  by  Harvard  Street  and  Square,  it,  the  other  to  the  Constable."  In  these 
westerly  by  Brattle  Square  and  Eliot  days  of  lucifer  matches,  such  an  order 
Street,  southerly  by  Eliot  and  South  may  seem  unnecessary;  but  even  within 
streets,  and  easterly  by  Holyoke  Street,  the  last  fifty  years,  it  was  not  unusual  to 
which  was  then  very  crooked.  send  from  house  to  house  for  fire. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  19 

Next  follows  the  division  of  the  common  pales,  apparently  at 
the  same  meeting. 

The  prohibition  against  erecting  houses  outside  of  "  the  town  " 
may  have  been  merely  a  precaution  against  danger  from  ene- 
mies ;  yet  it  is  not  unlikely  to  have  been  occasioned,  in  part  at 
least,  by  the  continued  desire  to  make  this  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment, and  the  most  desirable  place  of  residence  in  the  colony. 
The  regularity  required  in  the  position  of  the  houses  indicates  a 
disposition  to  make  the  town  symmetrical  as  well  as  compact. 
This  orderly  arrangement,  which  had  doubtless  been  observed 
from  the  beginning,  is  referred  to  by  Wood,  in  his  "  New  England's 
Prospect,"  written  in  this  year  (1633),  as  one  of  the  characteristic 
features  of  the  new  town  :  "  This  place  was  first  intended  for  a 
city ;  but,  upon  more  serious  considerations,  it  was  thought  not 
so  fit,  being  too  far  from  the  sea,  being  the  greatest  incon- 
venience it  hath.  This  is  one  of  the  neatest  and  best  compacted 
towns  in  New  England,  having  many  fair  structures,  with  many 
handsome  contrived  streets.  The  inhabitants,  most  of  them,  are 
very  rich,  and  well  stored  with  cattle  of  all  sorts,  having  many 
hundred  acres  of  land  paled  in  with  general  fence,  which  is  about 
a  mile  and  a  half  long,  which  secures  all  their  weaker  cattle  from 
the  wild  beasts."  1 

After  this  meeting  on  the  seventh  of  January,  no  other  is  re- 
corded until  Aug.  5,  1633 ;  from  which  date  there  is  a  consecu- 
tive record  of  the  "  monthly  meetings."  A  selection  from  the 
orders  adopted  at  these  meetings  may  serve  to  illustrate  the 
primitive  condition  of  the  town. 

Aug.  5,  1633.     Sundry  lots  were  granted  for  "  cow-yards." 

Sept.  2,  1633.  "  It  is  ordered,  that  whosoever  hath  any  tree 
lying  across  a  highway,  and  doth  not  remove  it  within  seven 
days,  or  whosoever  shall  hereafter  fall  any  tree  and  let  it  lie  cross 
a  highway  one  day,  shall  forfeit  the  tree." 

Dec.  2,  1633.  "  It  is  ordered,  that  no  person  whatever  shall 
fell  any  tree  near  the  town,  within  the  path  which  goeth  from 
Watertowne  to  Charlestowne,  upon  the  forfeiture  of  five  shillings 
for  every  tree  so  felled." 

1  Boston  edition,  p.  45.  The  pros-  town  in  the  colony  which  was  required  to 
perity  of  the  inhabitants  seems  not  to  have  pay  a  larger  sum,  —  eighty  pounds.  In 
been  overstated.  Of  the  general  tax  im-  March,  1636,  the  share  of  New  Town,  in 
posed  by  the  Court,  Oct.  1,  1633,  Boston,  a  tax  of  three  hundred  pounds,  was  forty  - 
Roxbury,  Charlestown,  Watertown,  and  two  pounds,  when  no  other  town  was  as- 
New  Town  were  assessed  alike,  —  forty-  sessed  more  than  thirty-seven  pounds  ten 
eight  pounds  ;  Dorchester  was  the  only  shillings. 


20  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

"  Agreed  with  Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet,  to  make  a  sufficient 
cartway  along  by  his  pales,  and  keep  it  in  repair  seven  years  ; 
and  he  is  to  have  ten  shillings  for  the  same." 

March  2,  1633-4.  "  Granted  John  Benjamin  all  the  ground 
between  John  Masters  his  ground  and  Antho.  Couldbyes,  pro- 
vided that  the  windmill-hill  shall  be  preserved  for  the  town's  use, 
and  a  cartway  of  two  rods  wide  unto  the  same."  1 

April  7,  1634.  "  Granted  John  Pratt  two  acres  by  the  old 
burying  place,  without  the  common  pales."  2 

Aug.  4,  1634.  "  It  is  ordered,  that  whosoever  shall  fall  [any] 
tree  for  boards,  clapboards,  or  frames  of  houses,  [and]  •  sell  them 
out  of  the  town,  shall  forfeit  for  every  [tree]  so  sold  twenty  shil- 
lings." 

Nov.  3,  1634.  "  James  Olmsted  is  chosen  Constable  for  the 
year  following,  and  till  a  new  be  chosen  in  his  room,  and  pres- 
ently sworn.3 

"  John  White  is  chosen  Surveyor,  to  see  the  highways  and 
streets  kept  clean,  and  in  repair  for  the  year  following. 

"  It  is  ordered,  that  every  inhabitant  in  the  town  shall  keep 
the  street  clear  from  wood  and  all  other  things  against  his  own 
ground ;  and  whosoever  shall  have  anything  lie  in  the  street 
above  one  day  after  the  next  meeting-day,  shall  forfeit  five  shil- 
lings for  every  such  default." 

Jan.  5,  1634-5.  "  It  is  ordered,  that  whosoever  hath  any  lot- 
granted  by  the  town,  and  shall  not  improve  the  same,  then  it  is 
to  return  to  the  town ;  or,  if  he  shall  improve  the  same,  he  shall 
first  offer  it  to  the  town  ;  if  they  refuse  to  give  him  what  charges 
he  hath  been  at,  then  to  have  liberty  to  sell  it  to  whom  he  can." 

Next  follows  an  agreement,  accompanied  by  several  orders, 
whereby  the  system  of  municipal  government  was  radically 

1  Windmill-hill  was  at  the  south  end  end,  ten  rods  and  four  feet  on  the  north 

of  Ash  Street,  near  the  former  site  of  the  line,  and  seven  and  a  half  rods  across 

Cambridge  Gas  Works.    A  windmill  was  the  east  end,  was  acknowledged  by  Eccles 

there  erected  for  the  grinding  of  corn,  as  to  be  public  property,  together  with  a 

no  mill  moved  by  water-power  was  nearer  highway  to  it,  two  rods  wide,  through 

than  Watertown.     This  mill  was  removed  his  land;   and  his  acknowledgment  was 

to  Boston  in  August,  1632,  because  "it  entered  on  the  Proprietors' Records, 
would   not   grind   but   with   a  westerly        2  See  chapter  xv. 
wind."  —  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  87.    The        8  Edmund    Lockwood   had    been    ap- 

hill   was    afterwards  enclosed  by    Rich-  pointed  Constable  by  the  Court,  May  9, 

ard    Eccles,   who    owned    the    adjoining  1632,  and  John  Benjamin,  May  29, 1633  ; 

lands,    and  it   so   remained   until   1684,  but  James  Olmstead  was  the  first  person 

when  the  town  asserted  its  rights  ;  and  elected  by  the  inhabitants  to  fill  that  of- 

a  tract  measuring  ten  rods  on  the  river,  fice,  which  was  then  of  great  honor  and 

six  rods  and  seven  feet  across  the  west  importance. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  21 

changed.  Hitherto,  all  the  legal  voters  had  met,  from  month  to 
month,  to  manage  their  public  affairs.  Power  was  now  delegated 
to  a  few  individuals,  at  first  styled  "  Townsmen,"  and  afterwards 
"  Selectmen,"  to  transact  "  the  whole  business  of  the  town,"  until 
the  next  November,  when  a  new  election  might  be  had.1 

Feb.  3, 1634-5.  "  At  a  general  meeting  of  the  whole  town,  it 
was  agreed  upon  by  a  joint  consent,  that  seven  men  should  be 
chosen  to  do  the  whole  business  of  the  town,  and  so  to  continue 
until  the  first  Monday  in  November  next,  and  until  new  be  chosen 
in  their  room :  so  there  was  then  elected  and  chosen  John 
Haynes,  Esq.,  Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet,  John  Taylcott,  William 
Westwood,  John  White,  William  Wadsworth  ;  James  Olmsted, 
Constable. 

"It  is  further  ordered,  by  a  joint  consent,  [that]  whatsoever 
these  Townsmen,  thus  chosen,  shall  do,  in  the  compass  of  their 
time,  shall  stand  in  as  full  force  as  if  the  whole  town  did  the 
same,  either  for  making  of  new  orders,  or  altering  of  old  ones. 

"  Further,  it  is  ordered,  that  whatsoever  person  they  shall  send 
for,  to  help  in  any  business,  and  he  shall  refuse  to  come,  they 
shall  have  power  to  lay  a  fine  upon  him,  and  to  gather  [it]. 

"  Further,  it  is  ordered,  that  they  shall  have  one  to  attend  upon 
them,  to  employ  about  any  business,  at  a  public  charge. 

"  Further,  it  is  ordered,  that  they  shall  meet  every  first  Mon- 
day in  a  month,  at  [  ]  in  the  afternoon,  according  to  the 
former  [order]." 

Another  important  board  of  officers  was  elected,  at  the  same 
meeting :  — 

"  Also,  there  was  then  chosen,  to  join  [with]  James  Olmsted, 
Constable,  John  Benjamin,  Daniell  Denison,  Andrew  Warner, 
William  Spencer ;  which  five,  according  to  the  order  of  Court, 
[shall]  survey  the  town  lands,  and  enter  the  [same  in]  a  Book 
appointed  for  that  purpose.2 

1  Perhaps  the  term  of  service  was  thus  proved,  or  enclosed,  or  granted  by  special 
limited  in  anticipation   of  the  proposed  order  of  the  Court,  of  every  free  inhab- 
removal  of  many  inhabitants.  itant  there,  and    shall   enter    the  same 

2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  116.   April  1,1634.  in   a  book    (fairly   written   in  words  at 
"It  was  further  ordered,  that  the  consta-  length  and  not  in  figures),  with  the  sev- 
ble  and  four  or  more  of  the  chief  inhabi-  eral  bounds  and  quantities  by  the  nearest 
tants  of  every  town-  (to  be  chosen  by  all  estimation,  and  shall  deliver  a  transcript 
the  freemen  there,  at  some  meeting  there),  thereof  into  the  Court  within  six  months 
with  the  advice  of  some  one  or  more  of  now  next  ensuing ;  and  the  same,  so  en- 
the  next  assistants,  shall  make  a  survey-  tered  and  recorded,  shall  be  a  sufficient 
ing  of  the  houses,  backside,  cornfields,  assurance  to  every  such  free  inhabitant, 
mowing  ground,   and   other  lands,   im-  his  and  their  heirs  and  assigns,  of  such 


22  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

"  It  is  further  ordered,  that  these  five  men  [shall]  meet  every 
first  Monday  in  the  [month]  at  the  Constable's  house,  in  the 
forenoon,  at  the  ringing  of  the  bell." 

estate  of  inheritance,  or  as  they  shall  have  in  the  New  Towne,"  and,  more  familiarly, 

in  an}*  such  houses,  lands,  or  frank-tene-  the   "Proprietors'  Records,"  is  still  pre- 

ments."  served  in  the   office  of  the   City  Clerk. 

The  book  thus  prepared,  called  "  The  The  record  was  not  finally  closed  until 

Regestere  Booke  of  the  Lands  and  Houses  Feb.  19,  1829. 


CHAPTER    IV. 

CIVIL    HISTORY. 

THE  projectors  of  the  New  Town  had  hitherto  suffered  two 
grievous  disappointments  :  the  officers  of  the  government  had 
not  generally  become  inhabitants,  according  to  the  original 
agreement ;  and  so  great  was  the  disparity  in  commercial  ad- 
vantages, that  it  early  became  manifest  that  the  New  Town 
could  not  successfully  compete  with  Boston  as  the  great  mart  of 
trade.  No  reasonable  hope,  therefore,  could  be  entertained  that 
this  should  become  the  principal  city  of  the  colony.  In  other  re- 
spects, the  enterprise  appears  to  have  been  eminently  successful. 
The  hope  expressed  by  Dudley,  that  men  of  ability  might  be  at- 
tracted hither  by  the  advantages  offered,  had  been  gratified  ;  for 
so  early  as  1633,  Wood  wrote  concerning  them  :  "  the  inhab- 
itants, most  of  them,  are  very  rich  and  well  stored  with  cattle  of 
all  sorts."  A  reasonable  proportion  of  the  rulers  resided  here. 
Dudley  remained  Deputy  Governor  until  May,  1634,  when  he 
became  Governor,  and  the  next  year  was  an  Assistant.  Brad- 
street  was  constantly  an  Assistant ;  and  Haynes,  at  the  first  elec- 
tion after  his  arrival,  was  elected  as  an  Assistant,  and  the  next 
year,  1635,  Governor.  Moreover,  the  New  Town  had  become 
the  seat  of  government  ;  and,  for  aught  which  appears  to  the 
contrary,  it  might  have  retained  that  distinction,  if  the  principal 
inhabitants  had  not  removed.1 

1  The  first  three  Courts  of  Assistants  clusively  until  May,  1636.     Then   they 

were  held  at  Charlestown  in  August  and  returned  to  Boston  ;  then   to  New  Town 

September,    1630;    after   which    all    the  again   in    April,  1637,    until    September, 

courts  were  held  in  Boston   until  May,  1638,    when    they    became    permanently 

1634.     The  Assistants  had  even  voted,  fixed  at  Boston. 

Oct.  3,  1632,  "  It  is  thought,  by  general  Dr.  Holmes,  writing  in  1800,  says,  "In 

consent,  that  Boston  is   the  fittest  place  some  of  the  first  years,  the  annual  election 

for  public  meetings  of  any  place  in  the  of  the  Governor  and  Magistrates  of  the 

Bay."      Yet  when    Dudley   was  elected  Colony  was  holden  in  this  town.   The  peo- 

Governor,  in  May,  1634,  the  courts,  both  pic,  on  these  occasions,  assembled  under 

general  and  particular,  were  transferred  an  oak  tree,  which  stood  on  the  northerly 

to  New  Town,  and  were  there   held  ex-  side  of  the  Common  in  Cambridge,  a  lit- 


24  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

All  these  advantages,  however,  were  not  satisfactory.  The  dis- 
appointment and  uneasiness  found  vent  in  words.  One  memor- 
able example  is  preserved  :  "  At  the  court  of  assistants,"  says 
Winthrop,  Nov.  3, 1635,  "  John  Pratt  of  Newtown  was  questioned 
about  the  letter  he  wrote  into  England,  wherein  he  affirmed 
divers  things,  which  were  untrue  and  of  ill  repute,  for  the  state 
of  the  country,  as  that  here  was  nothing  but  rocks,  and  sands, 
and  salt  marshes,  etc.  He  desired  respite  for  his  answer  to  the 
next  morning ;  then  he  gave  it  in  writing,  in  which,  by  making 
his  own  interpretation  of  some  passages  and  acknowledging  his 
error  in  others,  he  gave  satisfaction."  l  This  letter,  probably 
written  in  the  previous  year,  is  not  known  to  exist ;  but  the 
"  answer,"  which  sufficiently  indicates  its  nature,  is  on  rec- 
ord :  — 

"  The  answer  of  me,  John  Pratt,  to  such  things  as  I  hear  and 
perceive  objected  against  me,  as  offensive  in  my  letter.  First, 
generally,  whatsoever  I  writ  of  the  improbability  or  impossi- 
bility of  subsistence  for  ourselves  or  our  posterity  without  tempt- 
ing God,  or  without  extraordinary  means,  it  was  with  these  two 
regards :  first,  I  did  not  mean  that  which  I  said  in  respect  of  the 
whole  country,  or  our  whole  patent  in  general,  but  only  of  that 
compass  of  ground  wherein  these  towns  are  so  thick  set  together ; 
and  secondly,  I  supposed  that  they  intended  so  to  remain,  be- 
cause (upon  conference  with  divers)  I  found  that  men  did  think 
it  unreasonable  that  they  or  any  should  remove  or  disperse  into 
other  parts  of  the  country  ;  and  upon  this  ground  I  thought  I 
could  not  subsist  myself,  nor  the  plantation,  nor  posterity.  But 
I  do  acknowledge  that  since  my  letter  there  have  been  sundry 
places  newly  found  out,  as  Neweberry,  Concord,  and  others  (and 
that  within  this  patent),  which  will  afford  good  means  of  subsist- 
ence for  men  and  beasts,  in  which  and  other  such  like  new  plan- 
tie  west  of  the  road  leading  to  Lexington,  for  the  counties  in  England  was  carried 
The  stump  of  it  was  dug  up  not  many  on  in  the  field),  and  there  made  a  speech, 
years  since." —  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  9.  advising  the  people  to  look  to  their  char- 
This  was  probably  the  tree  mentioned  in  ter  and  to  consider  the  present  work  of 
a  note  to  Hutchinson's  Ifist.  Mass.,  i.  61  :  the  day,  which  was  designed  for  the  chus- 
At  the  election  in  1637,  the  party  of  Mr.  ing  the  governor,  deputy  governor,  and 
Vane,  fearing  defeat,  refused  to  proceed,  the  rest  of  the  assistants  for  the  goverii- 
until  a  certain  petition  had  been  read,  ment  of  the  commonwealth.  His  speech 
Mr.  Winthrop's  party  protested  against  was  well  received  by  the  people,  who  pros- 
delay.  And  it  is  said  that  "Mr.  Wilson,  ently  called  out,  election,  election,  which 
the  minister,  in  his  zeal  gat  up  upon  the  turned  the  scale." 
bough  of  a  tree  (it  was  hot  weather  and  1  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  173,  174. 
the  election  like  that  of  Parliament  men 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  25 

tations,  if  the  towns  shall  be  fewer  and  the  bounds  larger  than 
these  are,  I  conceive  they  may  live  comfortably.  The  like  I 
think  of  Cofiecticott,  with  the  plantations  there  now  in  hand ; 
and  what  I  conceive  so  sufficient  for  myself,  I  conceive  so  suffi- 
cient also  for  my  posterity.  And  concerning  these  towns  here  so 
thick  planted,  I  conceive  they  may  subsist  in  case  that,  besides 
the  conveniences  which  they  have  already  near  hand,  they  do  im- 
prove farms  somewhat  further  off,  and  do  also  apply  themselves 
to  and  do  improve  the  trade  of  fishing  and  other  trades.  As 
concerning  the  intimation  of  the  Commonwealth  builded  upon 
rocks,  sands,  and  salt  marshes,  I  wish  I  had  not  made  it,  because 
it  is  construed  contrary  to  my  meaning,  which  I  have  before 
expressed.  And  whereas  my  letters  do  seem  to  extenuate  the 
judgment  of  such  as  came  before,  as  having  more  honesty  than 
skill,  they  being  scholars,  citizens,  tradesmen,  &c.,  my  meaning 
was  not  so  general  as  the  words  do  import ;  for  I  had  an  eye 
only  to  those  that  had  made  larger  reports  into  England  of  the 
country  than  I  found  to  be  true  in  the  sense  aforesaid.  And 
whereas  I  may  seem  to  imply  that  I  had  altered  the  minds  or 
judgments  of  the  body  of  the  people,  magistrates,  and  others,  I 
did  not  mean  this  in  respect  of  the  goodness  or  badness  of  the 
land  in  the  whole  plantation,  but  only  in  point  of  removal  and 
spreading  further  into  other  parts,  they  afterwards  conceiving  it 
necessary  that  some  should  remove  into  other  places,  here  and 
there,  of  more  enlargement ;  an dv whereas  I  seem  to  speak  of  all 
the  magistrates  and  people,  I  did  indeed  mean  only  all  those 
with  whom  I  had  any  private  speech  about  those  things.  And 
as  for  the  barrenness  of  the  sandy  grounds,  &c.,  I  spake  of  them 
then  as  I  conceived ;  but  now,  by  experience  of  mine  own,  I 
find  that  such  ground  as  before  I  accounted  barren,  yet,  being 
manured  and  husbanded,  doth  bring  forth  more  fruit  than  I  did 
expect.  As  for  the  not  prospering  of  the  English  grain  upon 
this  ground,  I  do  since  that  time  see  that  rye  and  oats  have  pros- 
pered better  than  I  expected ;  but  as  for  the  other  kinds  of  grain, 
I  do  still  question  whether  they  will  come  to  such  perfection  as 
in  our  native  country  from  whence  they  come.  And  whereas  I 
am  thought  generally  to  charge  all  that  have  written  into  Eng- 
land by  way  of  commendation  of  this  land  as  if  what  they  had 
written  were  generally  false,  I  meant  it  only  of  such  excessive 
commendations  as  I  see  did  exceed  and  are  contrary  to  that  which 
I  have  here  expressed. 

"  And  as  concerning  that  which  I  said,  that  the  gospel  would 


26  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

be  as  dear  here  as  in  England,  I  did  it  to  this  end,  to  put  some 
which  intended  to  come  hither  only  for  outward  commodity  to 
look  for  better  grounds  ere  they  look  this  way.  As  for  some 
grounds  of  my  returning,  which  I  concealed  from  my  friends  for 
fear  of  doing  hurt,  I  meant  only  some  particular  occasions  and 
apprehensions  of  mine  own,  not  intending  to  lay  any  secret  blem- 
ish upon  the  State.  And  whereas  I  did  express  the  danger  of 
decaying  here  in  our  first  love,  &c.,  I  did  it  only  in  regard  of  the 
manifold  occasions  and  businesses  which  here  at  first  we  meet 
withal,  by  which  I  find  in  mine  own  experience  (and  so,  I  think, 
do  others  also),  how  hard  it  is  to  keep  our  hearts  in  that  holy 
frame  which  sometimes  they  were  in  where  we  had  less  to  do  in 
outward  things,  but  not  at  all  intending  to  impute  it  as  necessary 
to  our  condition,  much  less  as  a  fruit  of  our  precious  liberties 
which  we  enjoy,  which  rather  tend  to  the  quickening  of  us,  we 
improving  the  same  as  we  ought. 

"  This  my  answer  (according  with  the  inward  consent  and 
meaning  of  my  heart)  I  do  humbly  commend  to  the  favorable 
consideration  and  acceptance  of  the  Court,  desiring  in  this,  as  in 
all  things,  to  approve  myself  in  a  conscience  void  of  offence 
towards  God  and  man. 

"  JOHN  PRATT. 

"  Of  this  answer  of  John  Pratt  before  written,  voluntarily  by 
him  made,  as  we  are  witnesses,  so  we  do  also  join  with  him  in 
humble  desire  unto  the  Court,  that  it  may  be  favorably  accepted, 
and  whatever  failings  are  in  the  letter  in  regard  of  the  manner 
of  expressions  (which  may  seem  hardly  to  suit  with  these  his  in- 
terpretations), we  do  desire  the  indulgence  of  the  Court  to  pass 
over  without  further  question. 

"  PETER  BULKELEY. 

JOHN  WILSON. 

THOMAS  HOOKER. 

"  Whereas  John  Pratt  of  Newe  Towne,  being  called  before  us 
at  this  present  Court,  and  questioned  for  a  letter  which  he  wrote 

into  England,  dated ,  wherein  he  raised  an  ill  report  of 

this  country,  did  desire  respite  till  the  next  day  to  consider  of  his 
answer,  he  hath  now  delivered  in  this  before  written,  which, 
upon  his  free  submission  and  acknowledgement  of  his  error,  the 
Court  hath  accepted  for  satisfaction,  and  thereupon  pardoned  his 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  27 

said  offence,  and  given  order  that  it  shall  be  recorded,  and  such 
as  desire  copies  thereof  may  have  the  same. 

"  JOHN  HAYNES,  Govr.,  WLLLM.  CODDINGTON, 

RICH:  BELLINGHAM,  WILLM.  PINCHON, 

JOHN  WINTHROP,  ATTERTON  HOUGHE, 

THO:  DUDLEY,  INCREASE  NOWELL, 

JOHN  HUMFRY,  SIMON  BRADSTREETE."  l 

This  Mr.  Pratt  was  a  physician  in  the  New  Town,  or  Cam- 
bridge, for  several  years.  He  and  his  wife  were  drowned  near 
the  coast  of  Spain  in  December,  1646,  as  related  by  Winthrop.2 
He  was  not  the  only  dissatisfied  person,  though  less  cautious  than 
others  in  expressing  his  feelings.  As  early  as  May,  1634,  this 
spirit  of  dissatisfaction  became  so  general  among  the  inhabitants 
of  the  New  Town,  that  they  proposed  to  abandon  their  compara- 
tively pleasant  homes,  and  to  commence  anew  in  the  wilderness. 
The  ostensible  reason  for  removal  was  the  lack  of  sufficient  land. 
The  town  was  indeed  narrow,  but  its  length  was  indefinite.  The 
limit  of  eight  miles  northwesterly  from  the  meeting-house  was  not 
fixed  until  March,  1636  ;  and  it  does  not  appear  how  far  the  land 
was  previously  occupied  in  that  direction.  But  the  westerly  line 
of  Charlestown  was  established,  March  6,  1632-3  ;  and  it  seems 
to  have  been  understood  that  the  whole  territory  between  that 
line  and  the  easterly  bounds  of  Watertown  was  reserved  for  the 
use  of  New  Town,  however  far  those  lines  might  extend  into  the 
country.  But  the  people  appeared  impatient  of  such  narrow 
limits.  At  the  General  Court,  May  14,  1634,  "  Those  of  New 
Town  complained  of  straitness  for  want  of  land,  especially 
meadow,  and  desired  leave  of  the  Court  to  look  out  either  for 
enlargement  or  removal,  which  was  granted ;  whereupon  they 
sent  men  to  see  Agawam  and  Merrimack,  and  gave  out  that  they 
would  remove,  etc."  3  Early  in  July,  1634,  "  Six  of  New  Town 
went  in  the  Blessing  (being  bound  to  the  Dutch  plantation,) 
to  discover  Connecticut  River,  intending  to  remove  their  town 
thither." 4  In  the  following  September,  the  same  subject  was 
again  brought  before  the  General  Court.  The  record  is  very 
brief ;  but  the  particulars  related  by  Winthrop  are  of  so  much 
interest  that  they  may  well  be  quoted  in  full :  — 

Sept.  4,  1634.  "  The  General  Court  began  at  New  Town, 
and  continued  a  week,  and  was  then  adjourned  fourteen  days.  — 

1  Mass.  Rec.,  i.  358-360.  8  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  132. 

2  Savage's  Winthrop,  ii.  239.  *  Ibid,,  i.  136. 


28  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  main  business,  which  spent  the  most  time  and  caused  the 
adjourning  of  the  Court,  was  about  the  removal  of  New  Town. 
They  had  leave,  the  last  General  Court,  to  look  out  some  place 
for  enlargement  or  removal,  with  promise  of  having  it  confirmed 
to  them,  if  it  were  not  prejudicial  to  any  other  plantation  ;  and 
now  they  moved  that  they  might  have  leave  to  remove  to  Con- 
necticut. This  matter  was  debated  divers  days,  and  many  rea- 
sons alleged  pro  and  con. 

"  The  principal  reasons  for  their  removal  were,  1.  Their  want 
of  accommodation  for  their  cattle,  so  as  they  were  not  able  to 
maintain  their  ministers,  nor  could  receive  any  more  of  their 
friends  to  help  them ;  and  here  it  was  alleged  by  Mr.  Hooker, 
as  a  fundamental  error,  that  towns  were  set  so  near  each  to 
other.  2.  The  fruitfulness  and  commodiousness  of  Connecticut, 
and  the  danger  of  having  it  possessed  by  others,  Dutch  or  Eng- 
lish. 3.  The  strong  bent  of  their  spirits  to  remove  thither. 

"  Against  these  it  was  said,  1.  That,  in  point  of  conscience, 
they  ought  not  to  depart  from  us,  being  knit  to  us  in  one  body 
and  bound  by  oath  to  seek  the  welfare  of  this  commonwealth. 

2.  That,  in  point  of  state  and  civil  polity,  we  ought  not  to  give 
them  leave  to  depart :  —  being  we  were  now  weak  and  in  danger 
to  be  assailed ;   the  departure  of  Mr.  Hooker  would  not   only 
draw  many  from  us,  but  also  divert  other   friends  that  would 
come  to  us ;  we  should  expose  them  to  evident  peril,  both  from 
the  Dutch,  (who  made  claim  to  the  same  river  and  had  already 
built  a  fort  there,)  and  from  the  Indians,  and  also  from  our  own 
state   at   home,  who  would   not   endure   they  should  sit   down 
without  a  patent  in  any  place  which  our  king  lays  claim  unto. 

3.  They  might  be  accommodated  at  home  by  some  enlargement 
which  other  towns  offered.     4.  They  might  remove  to  Merimack 
or  any  other  place  within  our  patent.     5.  The  removing  of   a 
candlestick  is  a  great  judgment,  which  is  to  be  avoided. 

"  Upon  these  and  other  arguments  the  Court  being  divided, 
it  was  put  to  vote ;  and,  of  the  Deputies,  fifteen  were  for  their 
departure,  and  ten  against  it.  The  Governor  and  two  Assistants 
were  for  it,  and  the  Deputy  and  all  the  rest  of  the  Assistants 
were  against  it,  (except  the  Secretary,  who  gave  no  vote  ;) 
whereupon  no  record  was  entered,  because  there  were  not  six 
Assistants  in  the  vote,  as  the  patent  requires.  Upon  this  there 
grew  a  great  difference  between  the  Governor  and  Assistants 
and  the  Deputies.  They  would  not  yield  the  Assistants  a  nega- 
tive voice,  and  the  others  (considering  how  dangerous  it  might 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  29 

be  to  the  commonwealth  if  they  should  not  keep  that  strength  to 
balance  the  greater  number  of  the  Deputies)  thought  it  safe  to 
stand  upon  it.  So  when  they  could  proceed  no  farther,  the  whole 
Court  agreed  to  keep  a  day  of  humiliation  to  seek  the  Lord, 
which  was  accordingly  done,  in  all  the  congregations,  the  18th 
day  of  this  month  :  and  the  24th  the  Court  met  again.  Before 
they  began,  Mr.  Cotton  preached,  (being  desired  by  all  the 
Court  upon  Mr.  Hooker's  instant  excuse  of  his  unfitness  for  that 
occasion.)  He  took  his  text  out  of  Hag.  ii.  4,  etc.,  out  of  which 
he  laid  down  the  nature  or  strength  (as  he  termed  it)  of  the 
magistracy,  ministry,  and  people,  viz.  —  the  strength  of  the  mag- 
istracy to  be  their  authority  ;  of  the  people,  their  liberty  ;  and 
of  the  ministry,  their  purity ;  and  showed  how  all  of  these  had  a 
negative  voice,  etc.,  and  that  yet  the  ultimate  resolution,  etc., 
ought  to  be  in  the  whole  body  of  the  people,  etc.,  with  answer 
to  all  objections,  and  a  declaration  of  the  people's  duty  and  right 
to  maintain  their  true  liberties  against  any  unjust  violence, 
etc.,  which  gave  great  satisfaction  to  the  company.  And  it 
pleased  the  Lord  so  to  assist  him  and  to  bless  his  own  ordinance, 
that  the  affairs  of  the  Court  went  on  cheerfully ;  and  although 
all  were  not  satisfied  about  the  negative  voice  to  be  left  to  the 
magistrates,  yet  no  man  moved  aught  about  it,  and  the  con- 
gregation of  New  Town  came  and  accepted  of  such  enlargement 
as  had  formerly  been  offered  them  by  Boston  and  Watertown  ; 
and  so  the  fear  of  their  removal  to  Connecticut  was  removed."  l 

This  "  enlargement,"  however,  was  not  permanently  satisfac- 
tory. The  inhabitants  of  New  Town  again  manifested  "  the 
strong  bent  of  their  spirits  to  remove."  It  does  not  appear  when 
they  received  permission  of  the  General  Court.  Perhaps  the  lib- 
erty granted  in  general  terms,  May  14,  1634,  was  held  to  be  suf- 
ficient. It  seems  certain  that  a  considerable  number  of  them 
went  to  Connecticut  before  Sept.  3,  1635  ;  for  on  that  day  Wil- 
liam Westwood,  a  New  Town  man,  was  "  sworn  Constable  of  the 
plantations  at  Connecticut  till  some  other  be  chosen."2  But  the 
general  exodus  was  several  months  later.  Under  date  of  May 
31,  1636,  Winthrop  says :  "  Mr.  Hooker,  pastor  of  the  church  of 
New  Town,  and  the  most  of  his  congregation,  went  to  Connecti- 
cut. His  wife  was  carried  in  a  horse-litter  ;  and  they  drove  one 
hundred  and  sixty  cattle,  and  fed  of  their  milk  by  the  way."  3 
Their  possessions  in  New  Town  were  purchased  by  Mr.  Shepard 

1  Savage's  Winthrop,  \.  140-142.  8  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  187. 

2  Mass.  Col.  Kec.,  i.  159. 


30  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  his  friends,  who  opportunely  arrived  in  the  autumn  of  1635 
and  the  following  spring  and  summer. 

The  reasons  assigned  for  this  removal  seem  insufficient  to  jus- 
tify it ;  or,  at  the  least,  insufficient  to  require  it.  As  to  their  in- 
ability to  maintain  their  ministers,  it  should  be  observed  that  at 
the  same  session  when  this  reason  was  alleged,  New  Town  was 
rated  as  high  as  any  other  town  in  the  colony.1  The  real  want 
of  accommodation  for  cattle  and  for  an  additional  population  may 
be  estimated  from  the  facts  that,  at  this  time  there  were  probably 
less  than  one  hundred  families  here,  containing  from  five  hundred 
to  six  hundred  persons ;  and,  supposing  them  to  have  sold  one 
half  of  their  cattle  to  their  successors,  their  herd  may  have  con- 
sisted of  about  three  hundred.  Including  the  land  then  offered 
by  others  and  accepted  by  them,  their  territory  embraced  Cam- 
bridge, Arlington,  Brookline,  Brighton,  and  Newton.  After 
making  all  needful  allowance  for  improvements  in  agriculture, 
one  might  suppose  here  was  sufficient  room  for  somewhat  more 
than  a  hundred  families,  with  their  flocks  and  herds. 

Another  reason  is  mentioned  by  Winthrop,  namely,  "  the 
strong  bent  of  their  spirits  to  remove."  The  particular  pressure 
which  occasioned  this  "  strong  bent  "  he  does  not  describe.  But 
Hubbard,  writing  before  1682,  when  many  were  living  who 
heard  the  discussion,  intimates  what  that  pressure  was  :  "  The 
impulsive  cause,  as  wise  men  deemed  and  themselves  did  not 
altogether  conceal,  was  the  strong  bent  of  their  spirits  to  remove 
out  of  the  place  where  they  were.  Two  such  eminent  stars,  such 
as  were  Mr.  Cotton  and  Mr.  Hooker,  both  of  the  first  magnitude, 
though  of  different  influence,  could  not  well  continue  in  one  and 
the  same  orb."  2  Again  he  says :  "  A  great  number  of  the  plan- 
ters of  the  old  towns,  viz.,  Dorchester,  Roxbury,  Watertown, 
and  Cambridge,  were  easily  induced  to  attempt  a  removal  of 
themselves  and  families  upon  the  first  opportunity  offered  ;  which 
was  not  a  little  advanced  by  the  fame  and  interest  of  Mr.  Hooker, 
whose  worth  and  abilities  had  no  small  influence  upon  the  people 
of  the  towns  forementioned."3  The  opinion  thus  expressed  by 
Hubbard,  was  adopted  by  Hutchinson,  nearly  a  hundred  years 
later :  "  Mr.  Hooker  and  Mr.  Cotton  were  deservedly  in  high 
esteem  ;  some  of  the  principal  persons  were  strongly  attached  to 
the  one  of  them,  and  some  to  the  other.  The  great  influence 
which  Mr.  Cotton  had  in  the  colony  inclined  Mr.  Hooker  and  his 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  129.  8  Ibid.,  xvi.  305,  306. 

2  Coll..  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xv.  173. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  31 

friends  to  remove  to  some  place  more  remote  from  Boston  than 
New  Town.  Besides,  they  alleged,  as  a  reason  for  their  removal, 
that  they  were  straitened  for  room,  and  thereupon  viewed 
divers  places  on  the  sea-coast,  but  were  not  satisfied  with  them."  l 
Trumbull  suggests  that  political  rivalry  was  mingled  with  cleri- 
cal jealousy.  Of  John  Haynes  he  says  :  "•  In  1635  he  was  chosen 
Governor  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  not  considered  in  any 
respect  inferior  to  Governor  Winthrop.  His  growing  popularity, 
and  the  fame  of  Mr.  Hooker,  who,  as  to  strength  of  genius  and 
his  lively  and  powerful  manner  of  pi-eaching,  rivalled  Mr.  Cotton, 
were  supposed  to  have  had  no  small  influence  upon  the  General 
Court  in  their  granting  liberty  to  Mr.  Hooker  and  his  company 
to  remove  to  Connecticut.  There  it  was  judged  they  would  not 
so  much  eclipse  the  fame,  nor  stand  in  the  way  of  the  promotion 
and  honor  of  themselves  or  their  friends."  2 

Very  probably  such  jealousies  and  rivalries  had  some  influence 
upon  the  removal  of  Mr.  Hooker  and  his  friends.  It  is  known 
that  Winthrop  and  Haynes  differed  in  judgment  upon  public 
policy,  the  former  advocating  a  mild  administration  of  justice, 
and  the  latter  insisting  on  "  more  strictness  in  civil  government 
and  military  discipline,"  as  Winthrop  relates  at  large,  i.  177-179. 
The  Antinomian  controversy,  which  did  not  indeed  culminate 
until  a  year  or  two  later,  had  commenced  as  early  as  1635 ;  in 
which  Hooker  and  Cotton  espoused  opposite  sides,  and  were 
among  the  most  prominent  clerical  antagonists.  Up  to  the 
period  of  the  removal,  it  seemed  doubtful  which  party  would 
prevail.  Both  parties  were  zealous ;  both  lauded  their  own 
clergymen,  and  spoke  harshly  of  their  opponents.  It  is  not  sur- 
prising, therefore,  that  Cotton  and  Hooker  should  feel  that  their 
close  proximity  was  irritating  rather  than  refreshing.  On  the 
whole,  I  think,  "  the  strong  bent  of  their  spirits  to  remove  "  was 
not  altogether  caused  by  lack  of  sufficient  land  or  by  straitness  of 
accommodations. 

However  doubtful  the  cause,  the  fact  is  certain,  that  the  greater 
part  of  the  First  Church  and  Congregation  removed  from  New 
Town ;  more  than  fifty  families  went  to  Hartford,  and  others  else- 
where. Of  the  families  residing  here  before  January,  1635,  not 
more  than  eleven  are  known  to  have  remained.  The  following 
list  of  inhabitants  is  compiled  from  the  Records  of  the  Town, 
under  the  dates  when  they  first  appear.  It  should  be  observed, 
however,  that  perhaps  many  of  them  were  here  earlier  than  the 

l  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  43.  *  Uist.  Conn.,  i.  224. 


32 


.HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


dates  would  indicate.  For  example,  Dudley  and  Bradstreet, 
and  probably  others,  under  date  of  1632,  were  here  in  1631 ; 
many  of  those  who  are  entered  under  date  of  1633  were  certainly 
here  in  1632  ;  and  some  of  those  whose  names  first  appear  in 
1634  had  perhaps  been  residents  one  or  two  years  previously.  It 
may  also  be  observed,  that  of  those  who  removed,  many  did  not 
permanently  remain  in  the  town  first  selected,  but  subsequently 
went  elsewhere ;  yet  it  does  not  properly  fall  within  my  province 
to  trace  their  various  emigrations. 


1632. 


Thomas  Dudley,  Esq.1 
Simon  Bradstreet.1 
Edmund  Lockwood.2 
Daniel  Patrick.8 


John  Poole.4 
William  Spencer.5 
John  Kirman.4 
Simon  Sackett.2 


1633. 


Jeremy  Adams.5 
Matthew  Allen.6 
John  Benjamin.6 
Jonathan  Bosworth.7 
John  Bridge.6 
Richard  Butler.5 
William  Butler.6 
John  Clark.5 
Anthony  Colby.8 
Daniel  Denison.1 
Samuel  Dudley.9 
Edward  Elmer.5 
Richard  Goodman.5 
William  Goodwin.5 
Garrad  Haddon. 


Daniel  Abbott.10 
William  Andrews.6 
John  Arnold.5 
Guy  Banbridge.6 
John  Barnard.6 


Stephen  Hart.5 
John  Hayues,  Esq.5 
Thomas  Heate." 
Rev.  Thomas  Hooker.6 
John  Hopkins.5 
Thomas  Hosmer.6 
William  Kelsey.6 
William  Lewis.5 
Richard  Lord.5 
John  Masters.6 
Abraham  Morrill. 
Hester  Mussey.5 
James  Olmstead.5 
William  Pantry.6 
John  Pratt.6 

1634. 

Thomas  Beale,6 
Christopher  Cane.6 
Mrs.  Chester.6 
Nicholas  Clark.6 
Dolor  Davis.11 


Joseph  Reading.1 
Nathaniel  Richards.5 
Thomas  Spencer.5 
Edward  Stebbins.5 
George  Steele.5 
John  Steele.6 
Rev.  Samuel  Stone.5 
John  Talcott.5 
Wm.  Wadsworth.6 
Andrew  Warner.5 
Richard  Webb.6 
William  Westwood.5 
John  White.6 


Robert  Day.6 
Joseph  Easton.6 
Nathaniel  Ely.5 
James  Ensign.6 
Thomas  Fisher.12 


1  Removed  to  Ipswich. 

2  Died  here ;  family  removed  to  Con- 
necticut. 

8  Removed  to  Water  town. 
*  Removed  to  Lynn. 
6  Removed  to  Hartford. 
6  Remained  here. 


7  Removed  to  Hingham. 

8  Removed  to  Salisbury. 

9  Removed  to  Boston. 

13  Removed  to  Providence. 

11  Removed  to  Concord. 

12  Removed  to  Dedham. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  33 

Edmund  Gearner.1  Thomas  Judd.8  Michael  Spencer.7 

John  Gibson.2  William  Mann.2  Timothy  Stanley.8 

Seth  Grant.3  John  Maynard.8  George  Stocking.8 

Bartholomew  Green.2  Joseph  Mygate.8  Timothy  Tomlins.7 

Samuel  Green.2  Stephen  Post.3  Humphrey  Vincent.6 

Samuel  Greenhill.3  John  Prince.5  Samuel  Wakeman.8 

Nathaniel  Hancock.2  Thomas  Scott.8  Samuel  Whitehead.3 

Edmund  Hunt.4  Garrad  Spencer.7  Simon  Willard.8 

1  Perhaps  the  Edmund  Gardner,  who        5  Removed  to  Hull, 
was  in  Ipswich,  1638.  G  Removed  to  Ipswich. 

2  Remained  here.  "  Removed  to  Lynn. 

3  Removed  to  Hartford.  8  Removed  to  Concord. 

4  Removed  to  Duxbury. 

3 


CHAPTER   V. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

IT  lias  already  been  mentioned  in  the  preceding  chapter,  that 
Mr.  Hooker  and  a  large  proportion  of  his  church  removed  from 
New  Town  in  1635  and  1636 ;  and  that  Mr.  Shepard  with  an- 
other company  purchased  their  houses  and  lands.  Among  "  the 
reasons  which  swayed  him  to  come  to  New  England,"  Mr.  Shep- 
ard says  in  his  Autobiography,  "  Divers  people  in  Old  England 
of  my  dear  friends  desired  me  to  go  to  New  England  there  to 
live  together,  and  some  went  before  and  writ  to  me  of  providing 
a  place  for  a  company  of  us,  one  of  which  was  John  Bridge,  and 
I  saw  divers  families  of  my  Christian  friends,  who  were  resolved 
thither  to  go  with  me."  Accordingly  "  in  the  year  1634,  about 
the  beginning  of  the  winter,"  he  embarked  at  Harwich,  having 
with  him  "  brother  Champney,  Frost,  Goffe,  and  divers  others, 
most  dear  saints,"  who  afterwards  were  inhabitants  of  Cam- 
bridge. They  were  driven  back  by  stress  of  weather,  and  the 
voyage  was  abandoned.  But  "  about  the  10th  of  August,  1635," 
he  again  embarked  ;  "  and  so  the  Lord,  after  many  sad  storms 
and  wearisome  days  and  many  longings  to  see  the  shore,  brought 
us  to  the  sight  of  it  upon  Oct.  2,  1635,  and  upon  Oct.  the  3d, 
we  arrived  with  my  wife,  child,  brother  Samuel,  Mr.  Harla- 
kenden,  Mr.  Cooke,  &c.,  at  Boston.  —  When  we  had  been  here 
two  days,  upon  Monday  Oct.  5,  we  came  (being  sent  for  by 
friends  at  Newtown)  to  them,  to  my  brother  Mr.  Stone's  house ; 
and  that  congregation  being  upon  their  removal  to  Hartford  at 
Connecticut,  myself  and  those  that  came  with  me  found  many 
houses  empty  and  many  persons  willing  to  sell,  and  here  our 
company  bought  off  their  houses  to  dwell  in  until  we  should  see 
another  place  fit  to  remove  into  ;  but  having  been  here  some 
time,  divers  of  our  brethren  did  desire  to  sit  still  and  not  to  re- 
move farther,  partly  because  of  the  fellowship  of  the  churches, 
partly  because  they  thought  their  lives  were  short  and  removals 
to  near  plantations  full  of  troubles,  partly  because  they  found 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


35 


sufficient  for  themselves  and  their  company," l  Besides  those 
who  are  here  named  by  Mr.  Shepard,  another  Mr.  Cooke  and 
William  French  came  in  the  same  ship  (The  Defence^)  with  him ; 
and  the  larger  portion  of  those  whose  names  first  appear  in  1635 
and  1636  may  safely  be  regarded  as  members  of  his  company,  to 
wit :  — 

1635. 


Jonas  Austin.2 
Thomas  Blodgett.8 
Thomas  Blower.3 
William  Blumfield.4 
Robert  Bradish.8 
Thomas  Brigham.8 
William  Buck.8 
William  Butler.4 
Clement  Chaplin.4 
Thomas  Chesholme.3 
George  Cooke.3 
Joseph  Cooke.8 
Simon  Crosl>y.3 
Nicholas  Danforth.8 
William  French.8 
Edmund  Frost.8 
Richard  Girling.8 
Edward  Goffe.8 
Percival  Green.3 

William  Adams.8 
Edmund  Angier.3 
James  Bennett.9 
Thomas  Besbeech.10 
Richard  Betts.8 
Peter  Bulkeley.9 
Benjamin  Burr.4 
John  Champney.8 
Richard  Champney.8 


1  Life  of  Shepard,  edition  of  1832,  pp. 
42-58. 

2  Removed  to  Hingham. 

3  Remained  here. 

*  Removed  to  Hartford. 
5  Removed  to  Charlestown. 
0  Removed  to   Hartford.     Two  of  the 
same  name  were  here. 


1836. 


Roger  Harlakenden,  Esq.8 
Atherton  Haugh.8 
William  Holman.8 
John  Jackson.8 
William  Jones.5 
Barnabas  Lamson.8 
Thomas  Marrett.8 
John  Meane.8 
Nicholas  Olmstead.4 
Thomas  Parish.3 
Robert  Parker.8 
John  Pratt.6 
William  Ruscoe  .4 
John  Russell.3 
Samuel  Shepard.3 
Rev.  Thomas  Shepard.8 
Edward  Wiriship.3 
William  Witherell.7 


Josiah  Cobbett.2 
Edward  Collins.8 
John  Cooper.3 
Gilbert  Crackbone.3 
Francis  Griswold.3 
Thomas  Hayward.11 
Ralph  Hudson.12 
Joseph  Isaac.3 
Richard  Jackson.3 

7  Afterwards  settled  in  the  ministry  at 
Scitunte. 

8  Removed  to  Ipswich. 

9  Removed  to  Concord. 

10  Removed  to  Scituate  or  Duxbury  ; 
afterwards  to  Sudbury. 

11  Removed  to  Duxbury. 

12  A  proprietor  ;  but  resided  in  Boston. 


36  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

John  King.1  John  Santley.1 

John  Moore.2  Nathaniel  Sparhawk.2 

Walter  Nichols.8  Comfort  Starr.5 

Richard  Parke.2  Gregory  Stone.2 

William  Patten.2  William  Towne.2 

Richard  Rice.4  Thomas  Welles.6 

Nicholas  Roberts.1  John  Woolcott.7 

Immediately  after  the  arrival  of  Mr.  Shepard's  company,  they 
became  prominent  in  municipal  affairs,  although  the  larger  part 
of  Mr.  Hooker's  company  did  not  remove  until  six  months  after- 
wards. I  quote  again  from  the  Town  Records  :  — 

Nov.  23,  1635.  "  At  a  general  meeting  of  the  whole  town, 
there  was  then  chosen,  to  orde.r  the  business  of  the  whole  town 
for  the  year  following,  and  until  new  be  chosen  in  their  room, 
Mr.  Roger  Harlakenden,  William  Spencer,  Andrew  Warner, 
Joseph  Cooke,  John  Bridge,  -Clement  Chaplin,  Nicholas  Dan- 
forth,  Thomas  Hosmer,  William  Andrews :  which  nine  men  are 
to  have  the  power  of  the  Town  as  those  formerly  chosen  had,  as 
may  appear  in  the  order  made  the  3d  Feb.  1634.  (1634-5.) 

"  Further,  there  was  chosen  and  sworn  William  Andrews,  con- 
stable for  the  year  following,  and  until  a  new  be  chosen. 

"  Further,  there  was  then  chosen  for  the  year  following  Bar- 
nabas Lambson  to  be  surveyor  of  the  highways. 

"  It  is  further  ordered,  That  the  Town  Book  shall  be  at  Wil- 
liam Spencer's  house." 

With  a  change  of  government  came  a  change  of  customs. 
Some  of  the  common  planting  fields  became  private  property. 
Thus  the  Old  Field,  containing  about  sixty-three  acres,  was  di- 
vided between  Edward  Goffe,  Samuel  Shepard,  and  Joseph 
Cooke.  Small-lot-Hill,  in  like  manner,  passed  into  fewer  hands. 
Farms  were  granted  to  such  as  desired  them,  both  on  the  south 
side  of  the  River,  and  in  the  territory  now  embraced  in  Arling- 
ton and  Lexington.  Much  the  larger  portion  of  the  inhabitants 
continued  to  reside  in  the  "  town,"  and  "  West  End,"  very  few 
venturing  beyond  the  line  of  Sparks,  Wyeth,  and  Garden  Streets ; 
but  provision  was  made  for  the  suitable  care  of  their  cattle, 
on  the  commons,  by  keepers  specially  appointed.  Rules  were 
adopted  to  promote  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  the  inhabi- 
tants, and  to  protect  them  against  annoyance  by  undesirable 

1  Names  soon  disappeared.  5  Removed  to  Duxbury. 

2  Remained  here.  6  Removed  to  Hartford. 

3  Removed  to  Charlestown.  7  A  proprietor;  but  resided  in  Water- 

4  Removed  to  Concord.  town. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  37 

associates.  A  few  extracts  from  the  Records  may  help  to  ex- 
hibit their  condition. 

Dec.  7,  1635.  "  It  is  ordered,  That  the  monthly  meeting, 
every  first  Monday  [in  the  month],  according  to  the  first  order, 
shall  [be  continued ;]  and  whosoever  appears  not  within  half  an 
hour  after  the  ringing  of  the  bell,  shall  pay  for  the  first  day  vid., 
and  [for  the  second]  day  xiid.,  and  so  to  double  it  every  day, 
[unless  he  have]  a  just  excuse,  such  as  may  give  satisfaction  to 
the  rest  of  the  company.1 

"  It  is  further  ordered,  That  there  shall  be  a  sufficient  bridge 
made  down  to  low-water  mark  on  this  side  the  River,  and  a 
broad  ladder  [set  up]  on  the  farther  side  the  River,  for  conveni- 
ence [of]  landing ;  and  Mr.  Chaplin,  Mr.  Danforth  and  Mr. 
Cooke  to  see  it  made."  2 

Jan.  4,  1635-6,  "  It  is  ordered,  That  Mr.  Joseph  Cooke  shall 
keep  the  ferry,  and  have  a  penny  over,  and  a  half  a  penny  on 
Lecture  days.3 

"  It  is  further  ordered,  That  there  shall  be  a  double  rail  set  up 
from  the  Pine  Swamp  fence  to  West-end  Field  fence,  for  the 
milch  cows  to  lie  in,  on  nights,  and  that  no  other  cattle  whatever 
to  go  there,  either  swine,  goats,  mares,  or  the  like."  4 

Feb.  8,  1635-6,   "  Agreed  with  Mr.  Chapline,  that  his  man 

1  This  order  would  seem  to  require  a  gregations,  did  agree  to  reduce  them  to 
monthly  meeting  of  all  the  inhabitants;  two   days,  viz.:  Mr.  Cotton  one  Thurs- 
but  the   records   indicate    that  only  the  day,  or  the  5th  day  of  the  week,  and  Mr. 
Townsmen   thus  met.     A  general  town  Hooker  at  New  Town  the  next  5th  day  ; 
meeting  was  seldom  held,  except  annu-  and  Mr.  Warham  at  Dorchester  on  a  4th 
ally  in  November,  for  the  election  of  offi-  day  of  the  week,  and  Mr.  Welde  at  Rox- 
cers.  bury,  the  next  4th  day."     This  arrange- 

2  This  bridge,  or  causeway,  was  at  the  ment  was  not  effectual ;  for  Wiuthrop  adds 
southerly  end  of  Dunster  Street.     Traces  five  years  later,  in  16.39,  "  there  were  so 
of  the  old  road  on  the  south  side  of  the  many  Lectures  now  in  the  country,  and 
river  were  visible  not  long  ago  (and  per-  many  poor  persons  would  usually  resort  to 
haps  still  remain),  several  rods  east  of  the  two  or  three  in  the  week,  to  the  great  ncg- 
present  road  leading  from  the  Great  Bridge  leot  of  their  affairs,  and  the  damage  of 
to  Brighton.    Connected  with  this  cause-  the  public,"  etc.     The  General  Court  at- 
way  was  the  ferry,  named  in  the  next  order,  tempted  to  correct  the  evil ;   but  the  El- 

8  Although  there  were  then  few,  if  any,  ders,  or  Pastors  of  Churches,  manifested 

inhabitants  of  the  New  Town  residing  on  such  a  keen  jealousy  of  their  rights,  that 

the  south  side  of  the  River,  yet  many  per-  the  attempt  was  abandoned,  and  all  evi- 

sons   crossed    the   ferry,  in    going  from  dence  of  it  was  suppressed,  or  excluded 

town  to  town,  especially  on  Lecture-days,  from  the  records.     Savage's  Winthrop,  i. 

Winthrop  tells  us,  in  1634,  —  "It  being  144,324-326. 

found  that  the  four  Lectures  did  spend  *  This  fence  was  where  Lin naian  Street 

too  much  time,  and  proved  overburden-  now  is,  and  was  the  northern  boundary  of 

some   to  the   ministers   and    people,   the  the   cow-common ;    the  other  sides  were 

ministers,  with  the  advice  of  the  magis-  bounded  by  the  present  Garden  Street  and 

trates,  and  with  the  consent  of  their  con-  North  Avenue. 


38  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

shall  keep  the  goats,  and  to  have  three  half  pence  a  week  for  one 
goat,  and  a  penny  a  week  for  wethers  or  kids  ;  to  begin  next 
Monday." 

March  1,  1635-6,  "Agreed  with  Richard  Rice  to  keep  100 
cows  for  the  space  of  three  months,  to  begin  when  he  shall  be 
appointed ;  and  is  to  have  ten  pounds  paid  him  within  ten  days 
after  the  ships  be  come  in,  or  in  June.  Also  he  is  to  have  2  men 
to  help  him  keep  them  the  first  14  days,  and  one  man  the  next  7 
days ;  also  to  have  them  kept  2  sabbath  days,  and  he  one,  during 
the  time.  Also  he  is  to  fetch  the  cows  into  the  town  every  morn- 
ing out  of  the  common,  half  an  hour  after  the  sun  is  up,  at  the 
farthest,  and  to  bring  them  into  the  town  half  an  hour  before  the 
sun  goeth  down,  and  to  pay  iiid.  a  cow  for  every  night  he 
leaveth  out  any.  Also  he  is  not  to  keep  any  cattle  for  any  man 
except  he  have  leave  from  the  Townsmen,  upon  the  forfeiture  of 
vs.  a  cow  he  shall  so  keep.  Also  he  hath  liberty  to  keep  his  own 
heifer  without  pay." 

"  Agreed  with  John  Clarke  to  make  a  sufficient  weir  to  catch 
alewives  upon  Menotomies  River  in  the  bounds  of  this  town,  be- 
fore the  12th  of  April  next,  and  shall  sell  and  deliver  unto  the 
inhabitants  of  the  town  and  no  other,  except  for  bait,  all  the  ale- 
wives  he  shall  take  at  iii8.,  6d.  per  thousand,  and  shall  at  all 
times  give  such  notice  to  the  persons  that  shall  be  appointed  to 
fetch  them  away  as  he  shall  be  directed,  who  shall  discharge  the 
said  John  Clarke  of  them  within  24  hours  after  notice,  or  else  he 
to  have  liberty  to  sell  them  to  whom  he  can.  Provided,  and  it  is 
the  meaning  of  the  Townsmen,  that  if  any  shall  desire  to  have 
some  to  eat  before  the  great  quantity  cometh,  then  he  is  to  have 
iid.  a  score  and  fetch  them  there,  or  iiid.  a  score  and  he  bring 
them  home.  Further  the  Townsmen  do  promise  in  the  behalf 
of  the  town  to  make  good  all  those  fish  that  he  shall  be  damnified 
by  the  Indians,  that  is,  shall  himself  deliver  unto  them,  being 
appointed  before  by  the  Townsmen  how  many  he  shall  deliver. 
Also  to  save  him  harmless  from  any  damage  he  shall  sustain  by 
Wattertowne,  provided  it  be  not  his  own  fault.  He  is  to  have 
his  money  within  14  days  after  he  hath  done  fishing." 

March  13,  1635-6,  "  Agreed  with  William  Patten  to  keep 
100  cattle  on  the  other  side  the  River  for  the  space  of  seven 
months,  to  begin  when  the  Town  shall  appoint  him,  and  to  have 
twenty  pounds,  the  one  half  paid  him  in  money  when  he  hath 
keep  half  his  time,  and  the  other  half  in  corn  when  he  hath  done 
keeping,  at  the  price  which  the  common  rate  of  corn  goeth  when 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  39 

be  is  to  be  paid.  And  he  is  to  have  a  man  to  help  him  the  first 
14  days,  he  paying  him  for  one  week,  the  Town  for  the  other  ; 
also  he  is  to  lodge  there  except  once  a  week,  and  to  have  a  man 
to  keep  them  every  other  sabbath  day  ;  and  he  to  pay  x8.  a 
beast  for  every  beast  he  shall  lose  ;  and  to  keep  no  cattle  of  any 
man,  except  the  Townsmen  give  leave,  upon  the  forfeiture  of  5s. 
a  head  for  every  head  he  shall  so  keep." 

"  The  hog-keeper  began  to  keep  on  the  first  of  April,  being 
the  fifth  day  of  the  week,  at  10s.  per  week  so  long  as  the  Towns- 
men please  to  have  him  keep  them  ;  and  he  is  to  keep  them  at 
Rocky  Meadow." 

April  4,  1636.  "  Agreed  with  John  Talcott  and  William 
Wads  worth  to  have  their  house  at  Rocky  Meadow  this  year,  for 
the  hog-keeper  to  abide  in  ;  and  they  are  to  have  their  cattle  go 
free  from  paying  towards  the  pound  for  dry  cattle  this  year." 

"It  is  ordered,  That  Richard  Rice  shall  begin  to  keep  the 
cows  the  llth  of  April,  1636." 

"  It  is  ordered,  That  William  Pattine  shall  begin  to  keep  the 
dry  cattle  the  14th  of  April." 

"  Ordered,  That  whosoever  finds  a  cock,  hen,  or  turkey,  in  a 
garden,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  them  to  require  three  pence  of  the 
owner ;  and  if  they  refuse  to  pay,  then  to  kill  the  same." 

"  Andrew  Warner  and  Joseph  Cooke  to  make  a  rate  for  the 
division  of  the  alewives."  1 

April  23, 1636.  "  Agreed  with  Andrew  Warner  to  fetch  home 
the  alewives  from  the  weir ;  and  he  is  to  have  xvid.  a  thousand-, 
and  load  them  himself,  for  carriage ;  and  to  have  power  to  take 
any  man  to  help  him,  he  paying  of  him  for  his  work. 

"  Andrew  Warner  appointed  to  see  a  cartway  made  to  the 
weir." 

"  William  Reskie  appointed  to  make  a  pound." 

Oct.  3,  1636.  "  Agreed  with  Mr.  Cooke  to  take  up  all  the 
stubs  that  are  within  the  bounds  of  the  town,  that  is,  within  the 
town  gates ;  2  and  he  is  to  have  ixd.  apiece  for  taking  up  the  same, 

1  It  was  customary  to  put  one  or  more  dog  that  shall  be  taken  damage  feasant, 
alewives  in  each  hill  of  corn,  and  to  use  with  all  other  just  damages." 
them  otherwise  for  the  enrichment  of  the  2  "  Town  gates  "  then  stood  across 
soil.  They  were  considered  of  so  much  Harvard  Street,  near  Linden  Street  ; 
value  for  this  purpose  as  to  be  divided  across  Brattle  Street,  probably  near  Ash 
ratably.  As  late  as  June  10,  1649,  it  was  Street;  and  across  the  street  between  the 
"  ordered,  by  the  Townsmen,  that  all  per-  College  yard  and  the  Burial-place.  Be- 
sons  provide  that  their  dogs  may  do  no  sides  these,  there  were  other  gates  to  pro- 
harm  in  corn  or  gardens,  by  scraping  up  tect  the  cow-common  ;  one  across  Kirk- 
the  fish,  upon  the  penalty  of  3U.  for  every  land  Street,  near  Oxford  Street;  one 


40  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  filling  up  the  holes,  all  above  iii.  inches  [deep] ,  which  he  is 
to  do  before  the  first  of  December,  or  else  to  forfeit  5£." 

Dec.  5,  1636.  "  Ordered,  That  no  man  inhabiting  or  not  in- 
habiting within  the  bounds  of  the  town  shall  let  or  sell  any  house 
or  land  unto  any,  without  the  consent  of  the  Townsmen  then  in 
place,  unless  it  be  to  a  member  of  the  congregation  ;  and  lest  any 
one  shall  sustain  loss  thereby,  they  shall  come  and  proffer  the 
same  unto  them,  upon  a  day  of  the  monthly  meeting,  and  at 
such  a  rate  as  he  shall  not  sell  or  let  for  a  lesser  price  unto  any 
than  he  offereth  unto  them,  and  to  leave  the  same  in  their  hands, 
in  liking,  until  the  next  meeting  day  in  the  next  month,  when,  if 
they  shall  not  take  it,  paying  the  price  within  some  convenient 
time,  or  provide  him  a  chapman,  he  shall  then  be  free  to  sell  or 
let  the  same  unto  any  other,  provided  the  Townsmen  think  them 
fit  to  be  received  in." 

"  Ordered,  That  whosoever  entertains  any  stranger  into  the 
town,  if  the  congregation  desire  it,  he  shall  set  the  town  free 
of  them  again  within  one  month  after  warning  given  them,  or 
else  he  shall  pay  19s.  8d.  unto  the  townsmen  as  a  fine  for  his 
default,  and  as  much  for  every  month  they  shall  there  remain. 

"  There  is  granted  unto  Frances  Greshold,  the  Drummer,  2 
acres  of  land,  lying  at  the  end  of  Barnebe  Lambson's  pale  to- 
wards Charlestowne,  in  regard  of  his  service  amongst  the  soldiers 
upon  all  occasions,  as  long  as  he  stayeth,  with  condition,  if  he 
depart  the  town  and  leave  off  that  service  within  two  years,  he 
shall  leave  it  unto  the  town  at  the  charge  it  hath  cost  him  in 
building  and  enclosing." 

Jan.  2, 1636—7.  "  It  is  granted  unto  Joseph  Cooke  to  have  the 
hill  by  his  house,  which  have  been  hitherto  preserved  for  a  place 
to  build  a  fort  upon  for  defence,  with  all  the  lane  leading  there- 
unto ;  provided  if  the  town  shall  ever  make  use  of  it  for  that 
end,  he  shall  yield  it  again  ;  or  else  to  remain  to  him  and  his 
heirs  forever.1 

"  Granted  to  Mr.  Richard  Harlakingden  six  hundred  acres  of 
upland  and  meadow,  at  the  place  called  Vine  Brook,  in  the  mid- 
way between  Newtowne  and  Concord,  upon  condition  he  sendeth 
over  his  man,  or  ordereth  that  some  other  may  build  upon  it  and 

across  Garden  Street,  at  the  west  end  of  some  that  a   portion  of  it  still  remains. 

Linnajan  Street,  and  probably  another  at  The  hill  reserved  for  a  fort  is  the  high 

its  east  end,  across  North  Avenue.  land  at  the  southeasterly  angle  of  Holyoke 

1  The  house  of  Joseph  Cooke  stood  at  Place.     Mr.  Cooke's  lot   contained  five 

the  northeasterly  corner  of  Holyoke  Street  acres,  lying  east  of  Holyoke  Street,  and 

and  Holyoke  Place  ;  and  it  is  believed  by  south  of  Mount  Auburn  Street. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  41 

improve  it  for  him  the  next  summer  after  this  next  ensuing,  and 
now,  this  spring,  [give]  certain  intelligence  he  will  do  so ;  and 
upon  condition  likewise  that  he  cometh  himself  the  next  summer 
after  being  the  third  from  this  time  ;  and  if  he  shall  fail  in  all  or 
any  one  of  these  three  conditions,  then  this  grant  to  be  void."  l 

Jan.  14,  1638-9.  "  Ordered,  there  being  found  much  damage 
done  by  swine  in  this  town,  since  the  order  of  the  General  Court 
was  repealed,  and  they  left  at  liberty  for  each  town  to  order,  — 
it  is  therefore  ordered,  at  a  general  meeting  of  the  Townsmen, 
with  a  general  consent  of  the  inhabitants  then  present,  that  is  to 
say,  that  none,  either  rich  or  poor,  shall  keep  above  two  swine 
abroad  on  the  common,  one  sow  hog  and  a  barrow,  or  2  barrows  ; 
and  these  to  be  sufficiently  yoked  and  ringed,  after  the  judgment 
of  the  two  brethren  that  are  appointed  to  see  to  the  execution  of 
this  order,  and  to  bring  in  a  note  of  such  defaults  as  they  find. 
And  if  any  be  found  defective,  to  break  this  order,  either  by 
keeping  more  than  2  hogs,  and  such  hogs,  so  let  abroad,  if  not 
sufficiently  [yoked  and  ringed]  after  the  order,  shall  pay  for 
every  breach  of  this  order  2s.,  unless  in  case  there  should  be  any 
failing  by  unexpected  providence,  and  can  be  so  proved  by  suffi- 
cient evidence  ;  in  that  case  there  may  be  mitigation  of  this  fine, 
otherwise  to  take  place  without  all  excuses,  to  the  end  that  each 
man  and  this  commonweal  may  be  preserved  from  damage  by  that 
creature  in  this  our  town." 

Oct.  1,  1639.  "  Ordered,  for  the  preservation  of  apple-trees 
and  all  other  kind  of  quick-set,  in  men's  yards  or  elsewhere,  and 
for  preventing  all  other  damage  by  them  and  harm  to  themselves 
by  skipping  over  pales,  That  no  goats  shall  be  suffered  to  go  out 
of  the  owner's  yard  without  a  keeper  ;  but  if  it  appeareth  to  be 
willingly,  they  shall  pay  unto  any  one  that  will  put  them  to 
pound  two  pence  for  every  goat,  beside  damage  and  poundage. 
And  because  the  charge  would  be  too  great  if  only  a  part  of  them 
be  kept,  it  is  therefore  also  ordered,  that  whosoever  shall  not  put 
forth  their  goats  shall  notwithstanding  pay  to  the  keeper  within 
one  third  part  as  much  for  every  goat  as  they  that  do  put  them 
out,  until  the  first  of  March ;  and  after  that  day,  to  the  full  as 
much  as  any  do  for  those  that  are  with  the  herd." 

March,  1639-40.    "  Ordered,  That  William  Towne  shall  regis- 

1  Richard  Harlakenden  was  elder  broth-  signed,  April  2,  1638,  to  Roger    Harla- 

er  to  Roger  Harlakenden,  and  had  been  kenden,   in   lieu   of   five   hundred    acres 

very  kind   to  Mr.  Shepard  in   England,  previously  granted  to  him  on  the  south 

He  did  not  comply  with  the  conditions  of  side  of  the   river.      Vine    Brook    passes 

this  grant;  and  the  same  land  was  as-  through  the  central  portion  of  Lexington. 


42  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

ter  every  birth,  marriage,  and  burial,  according  to  the  order  of 
Court  in  that  case  provided,  and  give  it  in,  once  every  year,  to  be 
delivered  by  the  Deputies  to  the  Recorder ;  and  shall  gather  for 
every  particular  entrance  1  penny  for  the  Recorder's  fees,  and 
xiid.  for  himself." 

1640.  "Granted  unto  Joseph  Cooke  a  farm  of  400 

acres  of  the  nearest  upland  adjoining  to  his  meadow  lying  be- 
yond Cheesecake  Brook  1  and  between  that  and  Charles  River  ; 
and  also  liberty  to  go  with  a  straight  line,  (on  the  hithermost 
side  of  his  meadow  on  this  side  Cheesecake  Brook),  down  by  the 
edge  of  the  highland,  to  Charles  River." 

At  the  same  meeting  grants  of  farms  were  made  to  other  per- 
sons, to  wit :  to  Samuel  Shepard  400  acres  adjoining  and  be- 
yond the  farm  of  Joseph  Cooke ;  to  Capt.  George  Cooke,  600 
acres  ;  to  Edward  Goffe,  600  acres ;  to  John  Bridge,  350  acres  ; 
severally  "  about  the  outside  of  the  bounds  between  Watertowne, 
Concord,  and  Charlestowne." 

During  this  period,  the  General  Court  passed  several  orders, 
affecting  the  comfort  and  prosperity  of  the  people  dwelling 
here  :  — 

Oct.  28,  1636.  "  The  Court  agreed  to  give  400Z.  towards  a 
school  or  college,  whereof  200L  to  be  paid  the  next  year,  and 
200Z.  when  the  work  is  finished,  and  the  next  Court  to  appoint 
where  and  what  building."  2 

Dec.  13,  1636.  "  It  is  ordered,  That  all  military  men  in  this 
jurisdiction  shall  be  ranked  into  three  regiments,  viz.,  Boston, 
Roxberry,  Dorchester,  Weimoth,  Hingham,  to  be  one  regiment, 
whereof  John  Winthrope,  senior,  Esquire,  shall  be  colonel,  and 
Tho.  Dudley,  Esquire,  lief  tenant  colonel : 

"  Charlestowne,  Newetowne,  Watertowne,  Concord,  and  Ded- 
dam,  to  be  another  regiment,  whereof  John  Haynes,  Esqr.  shall 
be  colonel,  and  Roger  Herlakenden  Esqr.  lieftenant  colonel : 

1  Cheesecake  Brook  is  in  the  westerly  2|  acres  of  land,  on  which  Holworthy, 
part  of  Newton.  Stoughton,   and    Hollis    Halls  are    sup- 

2  Mass.    Col.  Rec.,  i.  183.     President  posed  to  stand.     This  grant  to  the  Pro- 
Quincy   (Hist.  Harv.   Coll.,  i.  1),  states  fessor,  made  May  11,  1638,  is  denned  on 
that   this  foundation  of  the  College  was  the  record  to  be  "  to  the  Town's  use  for- 
laid  Sept.  8,  1 636,  overlooking   the  fact  ever,  for  a  public  school  or  college ;  and 
that   the  General   Court,  which  met  on  to  the  use  of  Mr.  Nathaniel  Eaton   as 
that   day,  adjourned  until   October,  and  long  as  he  shall   be  employed   in   that 
made  this  grant  on  the  28th  day  of  that  work;   so  that  at   his  death,  or  ceasing 
month.     The  College  was  ordered  to  be  from  that  work,  he  or  his  shall  be  allowed 
established  at  Newtown,  Nov.   15,   1637,  according  to  the  charges  he  hath  been  at, 
and  the  town  granted  "  to  the  Professor  "  in  building  or  fencing." 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  43 

"  Saugust,  Salem,  Ipswich,  and  Neweberry,  to  be  another  regi- 
ment, whereof  John  Endecot  Esqr.  shall  be  colonel,  and  John 
Winthrope,  junior,  leif tenant  colonel: 

"  And  the  Governor  for  the  time  being  shall  be  chief  gen- 
eral." i 

"March  9,  1636-7.  "For  Newetowne,  Mr.  George  Cooke 
chosen  captain ;  Mr.  Willi:  Spencer,  leiftenant ;  Mr.  Sam:  Shep- 
ard,  ensign."  2 

Nov.  15,  1637.  "  The  College  is  ordered  to  be  at  Newetowne."  3 

Nov.  20,  1637.  "For  the  College,  the  Governor,  Mr.  Win- 
thrope, the  Deputy,  Mr.  Dudley,  the  Treasurer,  Mr.  Bellingham, 
Mr.  Humfrey,  Mr.  Herlakenden,  Mr.  Staughton,  Mr.  Cotton, 
Mr.  Wilson,  Mr.  Damport,  Mr.  Wells,  Mr.  Sheopard,  and  Mr. 
Peters,  these  or  the  greater  part  of  them,  whereof  Mr.  Win- 
thrope, Mr.  Dudley,  or  Mr.  Bellingham,  to  be  alway  one,  to  take 
order  for  a  College  at  Newetowne. 

"  Edward  Michelson,  being  appointed  marshall  of  the  Court, 
is  appointed  to  have  for  any  execution  12(Z.  in  the  pound  for  the 
first  ten  pounds,  and  6^.  in  the  pound  to  40Z.,  and  after,  3c?.  in 
the  pound  to  a  hundred  pounds,  and  IdL  in  the  pound  for  all 
above  100?.,  to  be  paid  out  of  the  estate  which  the  execution  is 
served  upon.  For  every  attachment  of  goods  or  persons  the 
marshall  is  to  have  2s.  Qd. ;  and  if  he  goeth  any  way,  he  is  to 
have  12d.  a  mile  beside.  And  the  marshall  is  to  have  2s.  6d.  for 
every  commitment  in  Court,  and  10Z.  stipend  for  this  year  to 
come."  4 

May  2,  1638.  "It  is  ordered,  That  Newetowne  shall  hencefor- 
ward be  called  Cambridge."  5 

Dec.  4,  1638.  "  The  town  of  Cambridge  was  fined  10s.  for 
want  of  a  watch-house,  pound,  and  stocks  ;  and  time  was  given 
them  till  the  next  Court."6 

1  Mass.  Coll.  Rec.,\.  186,  187.  saved  many  hundred  souls."     Coll.  Mass. 

2  Ibid.,  i.  190.  Hist.  Soc.,  xvii.  27,  28. 

8  Ibid.,  i.  208.     In  his  Wonder-Work-  *  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  217.     Mr.  Mitchel- 

ing  Providence,  Johnson  says  concerning  son  held  this  office,  equivalent  to  that  of 

the  College  :   "  To  make  the  whole  world  High  Sheriff,  until   1681,  when   he  died 

understand  that  spiritual  learning  was  the  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son-in-law,  John 

thing  they  chiefly  desired,  to  sanctify  the  Green. 

other  and  make  the  whole  lump  holy,  and  5  Ibid.,  i.  228.     This  name  is  supposed 

that  learning  being  set  upon  its  right  ob-  to  have  been  selected,  because  a  place  of 

ject,  might  not  contend  for  error  instead  the  same  name  is  the  seat  of  a  univer- 

of  truth,  they  chose  this  place,  being  then  sity  in    England,  where    several    of    the 

under  the  orthodox  and  soul-flourishing  Magistrates  and   Elders   had    been   edu- 

ministry  of  Mr.  Thomas    Shepheard,  of  cated. 

whom  it  may  be  said,  without  any  wrong  6  Ibid.,  i.  247. 
to  others,  the  Lord  by  his  ministry  hath 


44  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

March  13,  1638-9.  «  It  is  ordered,  That  the  College  agreed 
upon  formerly  to  be  built  at  Cambridge  shall  be  called  Harvard 
College."  i 

Under  date  of  March,  1639,  Winthrop  says,  "  a  printing-Mouse 
was  begun  at  Cambridge  by  one  Daye,  at  the  charge  of  Mr. 
Glover,  who  died  on  sea  hitherward.  The  first  thing  which  was 
printed  was  the  freeman's  oath  ;  the  next  was  an  almanac  made 
for  New  England  by  Mr.  William  Peirce,  mariner  ;  the  next 
was  the  Psalms  newly  turned  into  metre."  2  Many  years  ago, 
the  late  Thaddeus  William  Harris,  M.  D.,  then  Librarian  of 
Harvard  College,  gave  me  a  copy  of  an  ancient  document  pre- 
served in  the  archives  of  that  institution,  which  manifestly  re- 
lates to  this  affair,  though,  perhaps  for  prudential  reasons,  no 
mention  is  made  in  it  concerning  printing.  It  is  a  bond  in  the 
usual  form,  given  by  Stephen  Day  3  of  Cambridge,  county  of 
Cambridge,  locksmith  4  to  Josse  Glover,5  clerk,  in  the  penal  sum 
of  one  hundred  pounds,  and  dated  June  7,  1638.  The  condition 
is  thus  stated  :  "  The  condition  of  this  obligation  is  such,  that, 
whereas  the  above  named  Josse  Glover  hath  undertaken  and 
promised  to  bear  the  charges  of  and  for  the  transportation  of  the 
above  bounden  Stephen  Day  and  Rebecca  his  wife,  and  of  Mat- 
thew6 and  Stephen  Day,  their  children,  and  of  William  Bord- 
man,7  and  three  menservants,  which  are  to  be  transported  with 
him  the  said  Stephen  to  New  England  in  America,  in  the  ship 
called  the  John  of  London  ;  and  whereas  the  transportation  of 
all  the  said  parties  will  cost  the  sum  of  forty  and  four  pounds, 
which  is  to  be  disbursed  by  the  said  Joos  Glover  ;  and  whereas 
the  said  Joos  Glover  hath  delivered  to  the  said  Stephen  Day 
kettles  and  other  iron  tools  to  the  value  of  seven  pounds,  both 
which  sums  amount  to  the  sum  of  fifty  and  one  pounds  ;  If, 


s.  Col.Rec.,i.  253.  So  called  in  hon-  appointment.     I  think  that  Marmaduke 

or  of  Rev.  John  Harvard,  who  endowed  Johnson,  who  came  to  assist  in  printing 

the  college  with  half  of  his  estate  together  the  Indian  Bible,  was  the  first  thoroughly 

with  the  whole  of  his  library.  instructed  printer  in  New  England. 

2  Savages'  Winthrop,  i.  289.  6  The  true  name  of  Mr.  Glover  was 

3  He  wrote  his  name  Daye.  Jose. 

4  Although   Daye  was   recognized    by  6  Matthew  Daye  was  a  printer,  and  the 
the  General  Court,  Dec.  10,  1641,  as  "the  first  known  Steward  of  Harvard  College. 
first  that   set  upon  printing,"  he  was  a  He  died  10th  May,  1649. 

locksmith,  and  not  a  printer,  by   trade.  7  William  Boardman  was  son  of  Ste- 

Perhaps   his   son    Matthew   had   already  phen  Daye's  wife  by  a  former  husband, 

received    some   instruction    as  a   printer,  and  was  both  Steward  of  the  College  and 

It   is    not    probable    that    his  successor,  the  progenitor  of  at  least  four  stewards. 

Samuel  Green,  had  much  knowledge  of  He  died  25th  March,  1685,  aged  71. 
the  printer's  mystery,  at  the  time  of  his 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  45 

therefore,  the  said  Stephen  Day  do  and  shall  with  all  speed 1 
ship  himself  and  his  said  wife  and  children  and  servants,  and 
the  said  William  Bordman  in  the  same  ship,  and  cause  him 
and  themselves  to  be  transported  in  the  said  ship  to  New  Eng- 
land aforesaid,  with  as  much  speed  as  wind  and  weather  will  per- 
mit ;  and  also  if  the  said  Stephen  Day,  his  executors,  adminis- 
trators or  assigns  do  truly  pay  or  cause  to  be  paid  to  the  said 
Josse  Glover  his  executors  or  assigns  the  sum  of  [fifty]  and  one 
pounds,  of  lawful  [money  of]  England  within  twenty  and  four 
months  next  after  the  arrival  of  the  said  Stephen  Day  the 
father  in  New  England  aforesaid,  or  within  thirty  days  next 
after  the  decease  of  the  said  Stephen  Day  the  father,  which  of 
the  said  times  shall  first  and  next  happen  to  come  or  be  after 
the  date  above  written  ;  and  also  if  the  said  Stephen  Day  the 
father  and  his  servants  and  every  of  them  do  and  shall  from  time 
to  time  labor  and  work  with  and  for  the  said  Josse  Glover  and 
his  assigns  in  the  trade  which  the  said  Stephen  the  father  now 
useth  in  New  England  aforesaid,  at  such  rates  and  prices  as  is 
usually  paid  and  allowed  for  the  like  work  in  tjie  country  there  ; 
and  also  if  the  said  Stephen  the  father,  his  executors  or  adminis- 
trate!^, do  and  shall,  with  the  said  sum  of  fifty  and  one  pounds, 
pay  and  allow  unto  the  said  Joos  Glover,  his  executors  or  as- 
signs, for  the  loan,  adventure  and  forbearance  of  the  same  sum, 
such  recompense,  damage  and  consideration  as  two  indifferent 
men  in  New  England  aforesaid,  to  be  chosen  for  that  purpose, 
shall  think  fit,  set  down,  and  appoint ;  and  lastly,  if  the  said 
Joos  Glover,  his  executors  and  assigns  shall  and  may  from  time 
to  time  detain  and  take  to  his  and  their  own  uses,  towards  the 
payment  of  the  said  sum  of  money,  and  allowances  aforesaid,  all 
such  part  and  so  much  of  the  wages  and  earnings  which  shall  be 
earned  by  the  works  and  labors  aforesaid,  (not  exceeding  the 
principal  sum  aforesaid)  as  the  said  Joos,  his  executors  or  as- 
signes  shall  think  fit ;  that  then  this  obligation  to  be  void,  or 
else  it  to  stand  in  force  and  virtue." 

1  He  appears  to  have  arrived  in  New  Bible  was  printed;  after  about  the  year 
England  with  the  printing-press,  about  1 700,  very  little  if  any  work  of  this  kind 
four  months  after  the  date  of  this  bond,  was  performed  here  (except  by  Samuel 
In  a  letter,  dated  at  Salem,  Oct.  10,  1638,  Hall  in  1775-76),  until  1800,  when  a  print- 
Hugh  Peter  says  :  "  We  have  a  printery  ing  press  was  established  by  William  Hil- 
here,  and  think  to  go  to  work  with  some  Hard. —  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  19. 
special  things." — Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  During  the  present  century,  the  print- 
xxxvi.  99.  ers  of  Cambridge  have  constantly  held  a 

The  business  of  printing  was  conducted  very  high  comparative  rank,  for  both  the 

exclusively  at  Cambridge  for  nearly  half  quantity  and  the  quality  of  their  work, 
a  century,  during  which  time  the  Indian 


CHAPTER  VI. 

CIVIL  HISTORY. 

NOTWITHSTANDING  Mr.  Shepard  and  his  associates  here  "found 
sufficient  for  themselves  and  their  company,"  and  appear  by  the 
Records  to  have  enjoyed  temporal  prosperity,  as  indicated  in  the 
foregoing  chapter,  they  were  not  fully  satisfied,  but  seriously 
contemplated  a  removal  to  Connecticut.  To  such  removal  they 
were  advised  and  encouraged  by  Mr.  Hooker,  whose  eldest  daugh- 
ter had  become  the  second  wife  of  Mr.  Shepard  in  1637.  How 
far  Mr.  Hooker  may  have  been  influenced  by  family  considera- 
tions, or  how  far  by  that  spirit  of  emulation,  or  perhaps  of  jeal- 
ousy, which  naturally  enough  existed  between  the  rival  colonies, 
—  or  whether  his  advice  was  altogether  disinterested,  —  does  not 
distinctly  appear ;  but  that  he  gave  such  advice,  even  with 
urgency,  his  own  letters  to  Mr.  Shepard  afford  conclusive  evi- 
dence. Very  probably  Gov.  Winthrop  intended  that  Mr.  Hooker 
should  make  a  personal  application  of  his  general  remarks  con- 
tained in  a  letter  addressed  to  him  as  early  as  1638  :  "If  you 
could  show  us  the  men  that  reproached  you,  we  should  teach 
them  better  manners  than  to  speak  evil  of  this  good  land  God 
hath  brought  us  to,  and  to  discourage  the  hearts  of  their  breth- 
ren ;  only  you  may  bear  a  little  with  the  more  moderate  of  them, 
in  regard  that  one  of  yours  opened  the  door  to  all  that  have  fol- 
lowed, and  for  that  they  may  conceive  it  as  lawful  for  them  to 
discourage  some  with  us  from  forsaking  us  to  go  to  you,  as  for 
yours  to  plott  by  encouragements  &c.,  to  draw  Mr.  Shephard 
and  his  whole  church  from  us.  Sicfama  est."1  Two  years  later, 
Mr.  Hooker  wrote  an  earnest  letter  to  Mr.  Shepard,  which  was 
long  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical 
Society,  but  which  is  now  in  the  Massachusetts  Archives :  — 

"  DEAR  SON,  Since  the  first  intimation  I  had  from  my  cousin 
Sam:  when  you  was  here  with  us,  touching   the  number  and 

1  Life  and  Letters  of  John  Winthrop,  Esq.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  421. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  47 

nature  of  your  debts,  I  conceived  and  concluded  the  consequents 
to  be  marvellous  desperate  in  the  view  of  reason,  in  truth  una- 
voidable and  yet  unsupportable,  and  as  were  likely  to  ruinate 
the  whole:  for  why  should  any  send  commodities,  much  less  come 
themselves  to  the  place,  when  there  is  no  justice  amongst  men  to 
pay  what  they  take,  or  the  place  is  so  forlorn  and  helpless  that 
men  cannot  support  themselves  in  a  way  of  justice  ;  and  ergo 
there  is  neither  sending  nor  coming,  unless  they  will  make  them- 
selves and  substance  a  prey. 

"  And  hence  to  weary  a  man's  self  to  wrestle  out  an  incon- 
venience, when  it  is  beyond  all  possibilities  which  are  laid  before 
a  man  in  a  rational  course,  is  altogether  bootless  and  fruitless, 
and  is  to  increase  a  man's  misery,  not  to  ease  it.  Such  be  the 
mazes  of  mischievous  hazards,  that  our  sinful  departures  from 
the  right  and  righteous  ways  of  God  bring  upon  us,  that  as  birds 
taken  in  an  evil  net,  the  more  they  stir,  the  faster  they  are  tied. 
If  there  was  any  sufficiency  to  make  satisfaction  in  time,  then 
respite  might  send  and  procure  relief  ;  but  when  that  is  awant- 
ing,  delay  is  to  make  many  deaths  of  one,  and  to  make  them  all 
more  deadly.  The  first  and  safest  way  for  peace  and  comfort  is 
to  quit  a  man's  hand  of  the  sin,  and  so  of  the  sting  of  the  plague. 
Happy  is  he  that  hath  none  of  the  guilt  in  the  commission  of 
evils  sticking  to  him.  But  he  that  is  faulty,  it  will  be  his  hap- 
piness to  recover  himself  by  repentance,  both  sudden  and  season  - 
ably  serious  ;  and  when  that  is  done,  in  such  hopeless  occasions, 
it  is  good  to  sit  down  under  the  wisdom  of  some  word :  That 
which  is  crooked  nobody  can  make  strait,  and  that  which  is 
awanting  none  can  supply  :  1  Eccl.  15  ;  and  then  seek  a  way  in 
heaven  for  escape,  when  there  is  no  way  on  earth  that  appears. 

"  You  say  that  which  I  long  since  supposed ;  the  magistrates 
are  at  their  wits  end,  and  I  do  not  marvel  at  it.  But  is  there, 
then,  nothing  to  be  done,  but  to  sink  in  our  sorrows  ?  I  confess 
here  to  apply,  and  that  upon  the  sudden,  is  wholly  beyond  all 
my  skill.  Yet  I  must  needs  say  something,  if  it  be  but  to 
breathe  out  our  thoughts,  and  so  our  sorrows.  I  say  ours,  be- 
cause the  evil  will  reach  us  really  more  than  by  bare  sympathis- 
ing. Taking  my  former  ground  for  granted,  that  the  weakness 
of  the  body  is  such  that  it  is  not  able  to  bear  the  disease  longer, 
but  is  like  to  grow  worse  and  more  unfit  for  cure,  which  I  sup- 
pose is  the  case  in  hand,  then  I  cannot  see  but  of  necessity  this 
course  must  be  taken  :  — 

[1.]   "  The  debtors  must  freely  and  fully  tender  themselves 


48  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  all  they  have  into  the  hands,  and  be  at  the  mercy  and  devo- 
tion of  the  creditors.  And  this  must  be  done  nakedly  and  really. 
It  is  too  much  that  men  have  rashly  and  unjustly  taken  more 
than  they  were  able  to  repay  and  satisfy :  ergo  they  must  not  add 
falseness  and  dissimulation  when  they  come  to  pay,  and  so  not 
only  break  their  estate  but  their  consciences  finally.  I  am  afraid 
there  be  old  arrearages  of  this  nature  that  lie  yet  in  the  deck. 

"  2.  The  Churches  and  the  Commonwealth,  by  joint  consent 
and  serious  consideration,  must  make  a  privy  search  what  have 
been  the  courses  and  sinful  carriages  which  have  brought  in  and 
increased  this  epidemical  evil ;  pride  and  idleness,  excess  in  ap- 
parel, building,  diet,  unsuitable  to  our  beginnings  or  abilities ; 
what  toleration  and  connivance  at  extortion,  and  injustice,  and 
oppression  ;  the  tradesman  willing  the  workman  may  take  what 
he  will  for  his  work,  that  he  may  ask  what  he  will  for  his  com- 
modity. 

"  3.  When  they  have  humbled  themselves  unfeignedly  before 
the  Lord,  then  set  up  a  real  reformation,  not  out  of  politick  re- 
spects, attending  our  own  devices,  but  out  of  plainness,  looking 
at  the  rule  and  following  that,  leave  the  rest  to  the  Lord,  who 
will  ever  go  with  those  who  go  his  own  way. 

"  Has  premisses :  I  cannot  see  in  reason  but  if  you  can  sell, 
and  the  Lord  afford  any  comfortable  chapman,  but  you  should 
remove.  For  why  should  a  man  stay  until  the  house  fall  on  his 
head  ?  and  why  continue  his  being  there  where  in  reason  he  shall 
destroy  his  substance  ?  For  were  men  merchants,  how  can  they 
hold  it,  when  men  either  want  money  to  buy  withal,  or  else  want 
honesty,  and  will  not  pay  ?  The  more  honest  and  able  any  pei 
sons  or  plantations  be,  their  rates  will  increase,  stocks  grow  low, 
and  their  increase  little  or  nothing.  And  if  remove,  why  not  to 
Mattabeseck  ? l  For  may  be  either  the  gentlemen 2  will  not 
come,  and  that's  most  likely  ;  or  if  they  do,  they  will  not  come 

1  Now  Middletown,  Connecticut.  the   gentlemen,   if  they  come  ;    that    is, 

2  The  reference  here  is  not  to  the  "  gen-  those  three  lots  must  carry  a  double  pro- 
tlemen  "  in  Cambridge  with  Mr.  Shepard,  portion  to  that  which  yours  take.    If  they 
but   to  certain   others    in    England,    for  take  twenty  acres  of  meadow,  you  must 
whom   Mr.   Fenwick,   the  proprietor    of  reserve  forty  for  them;   if  thirty,  three 
Mattabesick,  desired  to  provide,  as  appears  score  for  them.      This   is  all   we   could 
by  another  letter  from  Hooker  to  Shep-  obtain,  because  he  stays  one  year  longer 
ard,  without  date  :      "  Touching    your  in  expectation   of  his   company,  at  the 
business  at  Matabesick,  this  is  the  com-  least  some  of  them ;    and  the   like  hath 
passof  it :  Mr.  Fenwick  is  willing  that  you  been  done  in  Quinipiack,  and  hath  been 
and  your  company  should  come  thither  usual  in    such    beginnings.      Therefore, 
upon   these   terms  ;    Provided   that  you  we  were  silent  in  such  a  grant,  for  the 
will  reserve  three  double  lots  for  three  of  while." 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  49 

all ;  or  if  all,  is  it  not  probable  but  they  may  be  entreated  to 
abate  one  of  the  lots  ?  or,  if  not  abate,  if  they  take  double  lots, 
they  must  bear  double  rates ;  and  I  see  not  but  all  plantations 
find  this  a  main  wound  ;  they  want  men  of  abilities  and  parts  to 
manage  their  affairs,  and  men  of  estate,  to  bear  charges.  I  will 
tell  thee  mine  whole  heart ;  considering,  as  I  conceive,  your  com- 
pany must  break,  and  considering  things  ut  supra,  if  you  can  sell 
you  should  remove.  If  I  were  in  your  places,  I  should  let  those 
that  must  and  will  transport  themselves  as  they  see  fit,  in  a  way 
of  providence  and  prudence.  I  would  reserve  a  special  company, 
but  not  many,  and  I  would  remove  hither.  For  I  do  verily 
think,  either  the  gentlemen  will  not  come,  or  if  they  do,  they 
may  be  over-intreated  not  to  prejudice  the  plantation  by  taking 
too  much.  And  yet  if  I  had  but  a  convenient  spare  number,  I 
do  believe  that  would  not  prove  prejudicial  to  any  comfortable 
subsistence  :  for  able  men  are  most  fit  to  carry  on  occasions  by 
their  persons  and  estates  with  most  success.  These  are  all  my 
thoughts  ;  but  they  are  inter  nos  ;  use  them  as  you  see  meet. 

"  I  know,  to  begin  plantations  is  a  hard  work  ;  and  I  think  I 
have  seen  as  much  difficulty,  and  came  to  such  a  business  with  as 
much  disadvantage  as  almost  men  could  do,  and  therefore,  I  would 
not  press  men  against  their  spirits :  when  persons  do  not  choose  a 
work,  they  will  be  ready  to  quarrel  with  the  hardness  of  it.  This 
only  is  to  me  beyond  exception.  If  you  do  remove,  considering 
the  correspondence  you  have  here  of  hearts,  and  hands,  and  helps, 
you  shall  never  remove  to  any  place  with  the  like  advantage. 
The  pillar  of  fire  and  cloud  go  before  you,  and  the  Father  o£ 
mercies  be  the  God  of  all  the  changes  that  pass  over  your  heads. 

"  News  with  us  here  is  not  much,  since  the  death  of  my 
brother  Stone's  wife  and  James  Homstead ;  the  former  smoaked 
out  her  days  in  the  darkness  of  melancholy  ;  the  other  died  of  a 
bloody  flux,  and  slept  sweetly  in  the  Lord,  having  carried  him- 
self graciously  in  his  sickness. 

"  I  have  of  late  had  intelligence  from  Plymouth.  Mr.  Chancy 
and  the  Church  are  to  part ;  he  to  provide  for  himself,  and  they 
for  themselves. 

"  At  a  day  of  fast,  when  a  full  conclusion  of  the  business 
should  have  been  made,  he  openly  professed  he  did  as  verily  be- 
lieve the  truth  of  his  opinions  as  that  there  was  a  God  in  heaven, 
and  that  he  was  settled  in  it  as  the  earth  was  upon  the  centre. 
If  ever  such  confidence  find  good  success,  I  miss  of  my  mark. 

"  Since  then  he  hath  sent  to  Mr.  Prydden  to  come  to  them, 

4 


50  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

being  invited  by  some  of  the  Brethren  by  private  letters :  I  gave 
warning  to  Mr.  Prydden  to  bethink  himself  what  he  did ;  and  I 
know  he  is  sensible  and  watchful.  I  profess,  how  it  is  possible 
to  keep  peace  with  a  man  so  adventurous  and  so  pertinacious, 
who  will  vent  what  he  list  and  maintain  what  he  vents,  its  be- 
yond all  the  skill  I  have  to  conceive.  Mr.  Umphrey,  I  hear,  in- 
vites him  to  Providence,  and  that  coast  is  most  meet  for  his 
opinion  and  practice.  The  Lord  says  he  will  teach  the  humble 
his  way ;  but  where  are  those  men  ?  The  Lord  make  us  such, 
that  he  may  shew  us  such  mercy. 

"  Totus  tuus,  T.  HOOKER. 

"Nov.  2th.  1640. 

"  I  writ  another  letter,  because  happily  l  some  of  the  brethren 
would  be  ready  to  desire  the  sight  of  what  is  writ ;  that  you  may 
shew ;  this  you  /\  shew  or  conceal,  as  you  see  meet. 

"  Sunt  mutua  preces  in  perpetuum. 
"  All  here  salute  you  and  yours."  2 

The  Town  Records  give  no  intimation  of  this  financial  distress. 
But  from  other  sources  we  learn  that  in  the  year  1640,  not  only 
Cambridge  but  the  whole  Colony  was  in  imminent  danger  of 
bankruptcy.  Hutchinson  says  that,  in  this  year,  "  the  importa- 
tion of  settlers  now  ceased.  The  motive  to  transportation  to 
America  was  over,  by  the  change  in  the  affairs  of  England.  — 
This  sudden  stop  had  a  surprising  effect  upon  the  price  of  cattle. 
They  had  lost  the  greatest  part  of  what  was  intended  for  the 
first  supply,  in  the  passage  from  Europe.  As  the  inhabitants 
multiplied,  the  demand  for  the  cattle  increased,  and  the  price  of 
a  milch  cow  had  kept  from  25  to  30Z,  but  fell  at  once  this  year 
to  5  or  Ql.  A  farmer,  who  could  spare  but  one  cow  in  a  year 
out  of  his  stock,  used  to  clothe  his  family  with  the  price  of  it,  at 
the  expense  of  the  new  comers ;  when  this  failed  they  were  put 
to  difficulties.  Although  they  judged  they  had  12,000  neat  cattle, 
yet  they  had  but  about  3,000  sheep  in  the  Colony."  3  Winthrop 
says,  "  This  year  there  came  over  great  store  of  provisions,  both 
out  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  but  few  passengers  (and  those 
brought  very  little  money),  which  was  occasioned  by  the  store  of 
money  and  quick  markets  which  the  merchants  found  here  the 
two  or  three  years  before,  so  as  now  all  our  money  was  drained 

1  Haply.  several  mistakes  which  are  here  corrected, 

2  A  part  of  Mr.  Hooker's  letter  was    and  the  missing  portions  are  inserted, 
published    in    Albro's    Life   of  Thomas        3  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  93. 

Shepard,   1847  ;    but  his  copy  contained 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  51 

from  us,  and  cattle  and  all  commodities  grew  very  cheap,  which 
enforced  us  at  the  next  General  Court,  in  the  eighth  month,  to 
make  an  order,  that  corn  should  pass  in  payments  of  new  debts  ; 
Indian,  at  4s.  the  bushel ;  rye,  at  5s.,  and  wheat,  at  6s. ;  and  that 
upon  all  executions  for  former  debts,  the  creditor  might  take 
what  goods  he  pleased  (or,  if  he  had  no  goods,  then  his  lands), 
to  be  appraised  by  three  men,  one  chosen  by  the  creditor,  one  by 
the  debtor,  and  the  third  by  the  Marshall."  1 

To  this  state  of  things  Mr.  Hooker  probably  referred  when  he 
renewed  his  efforts,  in  the  letter  already  quoted,  to  persuade  Mr. 
Shepard  and  his  congregation  to  remove.  But  why  they  should 
remove  to  Connecticut  rather  than  to  some  other  part  of  Massa- 
chusetts does  not  very  plainly  appear.  There  were  large  tracts 
of  unappropriated  lands  here.  There  is  no  evidence  that  Mr. 
Shepard  or  his  people  had  any  jealousy,  such  as  some  have  sup- 
posed to  operate  on  their  predecessors.  On  the  contrary,  Mr. 
Shepard  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  religious  party  which 
had  recently  triumphed  in  the  Antinomian  controversy,  and  his 
own  congregation  had  been  preserved  from  all  taint  of  the  great 
heresy.  Concerning  the  "  Antinomian  and  Famalistic  opinions  " 
which  then  distracted  the  churches,  Cotton  Mather  says,  "  a 
synod2  assembled  at  Cambridge,  whereof  Mr.  Shepard  was  no 
small  part,  most  happily  crushed  them  all.  The  vigilancy  of 
Mr.  Shepard  was  blessed,  not  only  for  the  preservation  of  his  own 
congregation  from  the  rot  of  these  opinions,  but  also  for  the  de- 
liverance of  all  the  flocks  which  our  Lord  had  in  the  wilderness. 
And  it  was  with  a  respect  unto  this  vigilancy,  and  the  enlighten- 
ing and  powerful  ministry  of  Mr.  Shepard,  that,  when  the  foun- 
dation of  a  college  was  to  be  laid,  Cambridge  rather  than  any 
other  place  was  pitched  upon  to  be  the  seat  of  that  happy  semi- 
nary :  out  of  which  there  proceeded  many  notable  preachers,  who 
were  made  such  by  their  sitting  under  Mr.  Shepard's  ministry."3 
Possibly,  however,  this  "  vigilancy  "  of  Mr.  Shepard,  and  this 
faithfulness  of  his  congregation,  throughout  one  of  the  most  vio- 
lent conflicts  of  religious  opinion  ever  known  in  this  country, 
may  have  stimulated  the  subsequent  desire  to  remove  beyond  the 
limits  of  Massachusetts.  This  seems  to  be  indicated  in  the  fifth 

1  Savage's  Winthrop,  ii.  7.  "about   eighty   opinions,   some  blasphe- 

2  This  Synod  met  at  Cambridge,  Aug.  mous,  others  erroneous,  and  all  nns«fe,  — 
30,  1637,  and  "began  with  prayer  made  the  assembly  brake  up,"  Sept.  22,  1637. 
by  Mr.  Shepard."     Mr.  Bulkeley  of  Con-  —  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  237-240. 

cord,  and  Mr.  Hooker,  of  Hartford,  were        8  Magnalia,  B.  III.,  ch.  v.,  §  12. 
the    Moderators.      Having    condemned 


52  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

"  Reason  for  removing,"  entered  by  Mr.  Shepard  on  the  fly-leaf 
of  one  of  his  manuscript  books,1  namely  :  — 

"  Reas.  for  removing. 

"  1.  You  say  some  brethren  cannot  live  comfortably  with  so 
little. 

"  2.  We  put  all  the  rest  upon  a  temptation.  Lots  being  but 
little,  and  estates  will  increase  or  live  in  beggary.  For  to  lay 
land  out  far  off  is  intolerable  to  men  ;  near  by,  you  kill  your  cat- 
tle. 

"  3.  Because  if  another  minister  come,  he  will  not  have  room 
for  his  company.  —  Religion.  — 

"  4.  Because  now  if  ever  is  the  most  fit  season  ;  for  if  gate  be 
opened,  many  will  come  in  among  us,  and  fill  all  places,  and  no 
room  in  time  to  come  ;  at  least,  not  such  good  room  as  now.  And 
now  you  may  best  sell. 

"  5.  Because  Mr.  Vane  will  be  upon  our  skirts." 

Mr.  Vane  was  elected  Governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1636,  and 
was  an  active  associate  of  Mrs.  Hutchinson  in  the  Antinomian 
party.  Chiefly,  it  would  seem,  on  account  of  his  religious  opin- 
ions, he  was  superseded  in  1637,  and  soon  returned  to  England. 
It  was  probably  feared  that  he  would  use  his  great  interest  at 
court  in  opposition  to  the  Colony  which  had  thus  denounced  him 
as  a  heretic  and  disappointed  his  political  hopes.  Mr.  Shepard 
and  his  congregation  may  have  considered  themselves  in  peculiar 
danger  on  account  of  their  very  energetic  opposition  to  him,  and 
have  thought  that  Connecticut  would  afford  a  more  secure  shelter 
from  his  wrath.  Subsequent  events,  however,  showed  that  all 
such  fears  were  groundless.  Mr.  Vane  manifested  his  friendship 
to  the  colonists,  through  life,  by  many  kind  offices  in  their  be- 
half. 

This  temptation  to  remove  was  not  kept  secret,  though,  no  di- 
rect reference  to  it  appears  on  record.2  It  was  discussed  in  a 

1  This  book  contains  "  The  confessions  former  had  been  Assistant,  1634;   Gov- 
of  diverse  propounded  to  be  received  anil  ernor,  1635;  and  Assistant  again,  1636, 
were  entertayned    as  members  "  of   the  and  remained  in  office  up  to  the  time  of 
Church,  together  with  sketches   of  ser-  his  removal  in  the  spring  of  1637  ; — the 
mons.  latter  was   elected  Assistant  in  1636,  at 

2  In  addition  to  the  before  named  dis-  the  first  election  after  his  arrival,  and  re- 
conragements,  which  tempted  Mr.  Shep-  elected  in  1637  and  1638.     One  was  col- 
ard  and  his  company  to  abandon   Cam-  onel,  and  the  other  lieutenant-colonel,  of 
bridge,  may  be  mentioned  the  loss  of  two  the  military  force.     Both  were  conspicu- 
most  valuable   associates,   namely  John  ous  for  moral  excellence  and  mental  abil- 
Haynes,  who    removed   to    Hartford  in  ity,  and  each  bore  a  large  share  of  the 
1637,  and  Roger  Harlakenden,  who  died  pecuniary  burdens   of  the  public.     The 
November  17,  1638,  aged  27  years.     The  death  of   Mr.    Harlakenden  was   pecnl- 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  53 

Church  meeting  at  Cambridge,  Feb.  14,  1640-1,  as  appears  by 
Mr.  Shepard's  Diary,  at  which  time  the  project  passes  out  of 
sight,  probably  in  consequence  of  a  grant  then  recently  made 
by  the  General  Court,  to  wit :  Oct.  7,  1640.  "  The  town 
of  Cambridge  is  granted  a  month  to  consider  of  Shawshin  for 
a  village  for  them,  and  if  they  like  it  not,  the  town  of  Roxberry 
hath  liberty  to  consider  of  it  for  a  village  for  them  till  the  next 
General  Court."  The  examination  was  satisfactory ;  for  the 
grant  was  conditionally  made  June  2,  1641 :  "  Shawshin  is 
granted  to  Cambridge,  provided  they  make  it  a  village,  to  have 
ten  families  there  settled  within  three  years  ;  otherwise  the  Court 
to  dispose  of  it."  About  a  year  later  this  grant  was  renewed, 
with  slight  change  of  condition  ;  and  a  final  disposition  was  made 
of  the  affair,  March  7,  1643-4  :  "  Shawshin  is  granted  to  Cam- 
bridge, without  any  condition  of  making  a  village  there ;  and  the 
land  between  them  and  Concord  is  granted  them,  all  save  what  is 
formerly  granted  to  the  military  company  or  others,  provided  the 
church  and  present  elders  continue  at  Cambridge." 1  The  church 
and  elders  did  remain  ;  lands  at  Shawshine  were  soon  afterwards 
assigned  to  individuals,  thus  relieving  the  supposed  deficiency  of 
accommodations ;  a  competent  number  became  resident  proprie- 
tors and  cultivators  ;  and  in  1655,  Shawshine  was  incorporated  as 
a  separate  town,  called  Billerica,  which  has  since  been  shorn  of 
its  original  dimensions  by  the  incorporation  of  other  towns. 

iarly  grievous  to  Mr.  Shepard,  who^had  hid  us  all  the  winter  long,  and  when  it 

been  protected  by  him  in  England,  when  was  fit  to  travel  in  the  spring,  we  went 

pursued  by  the  emissaries  of  the  estab-  up  to  London,  Mr.  Harlakenden  not  for- 

lished  Church.     Describing  his  sufferings  saking  me  all  this  while,   for  he  was  a 

during  the  last  few  months  of  his  resi-  father  and  mother  to  me,"  etc.     (Boston 

dence    in   his   native  land,  Mr.   Shepard  Ed.,  1832,  pp.  54,  55).     Mr.  Shepard  was 

says,  in  his  autobiography :    "  Being   in  accompanied  to   New   England   by   this 

great  sadness  and  not  knowing  where  to  "  most  precious  servant  of  Jesus  Christ," 

go,  nor  what  to  do,  the  Lord  sent  Mr.  and   bitterly   lamented   his  early  death  ; 

Roger  Harlakenden  and  my  brother  Sam-  This  loss  was  partially  repaired  by  the 

uel   Shepard  to  visit  me  after  they  had  accession  of  Herbert  Pelham,  Esq.,   in 

heard  of  our  escape  at  sea,  who  much  re-  1638  or  1639.     He  married  the  widow  of 

freshed  us  and  clave  to  me  in  my  sor-  Mr.    Harlakenden,  and  was  successively 

rows."     Again,  in  a  house  at  Bastwick,  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College,  1 643,  As- 

freely  offered  by  Mrs.  Corbett,  "  an  aged  sistant,    1645-49,    and   Commissioner  of 

eminent  godly  gentlewoman,"  he    says:  the  United  Colonies,  1645-46.  He  brought 

"I  lived  for  half  a  year  all  the  winter  long  with    him   his   daughter    Penelope,  who 

among  and  with  my  friends  (Mr.  Harla-  afterwards  became  the  wife  of  Governor 

kenden  dwelling  with  me,  bearing  all  the  Josiah  Winslow,  and  died  at  Marshh'eld, 

charge  of  housekeeping),  and  far  from  the  7  Dec.,  1703,  aged  72.     Mr.  Pelham  was 

notice  of  my  enemies,  where  we  enjoyed  an  active  citizen  and  officer,  but  returned 

sweet   fellowship  one  with    another  and  to   England  about   1649,  was  a  member 

also  with  God,  in  a  house  which  was  fit  of  Parliament,  and  a  steadfast  friend  of 

to  entertain  any  priuce  for  fairness,  great-  this  Colony.     lie  died  in  1673. 

ness,  and  pleasantness.     Here  the  Lord  1  Mass.  Coll.  Rec.,  i.  306, 330  ;  ii.  62. 


54  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  grant  of  the  Shawshine  lands  removed  all  reasonable  doubt 
of  sufficient  "  accommodation,"  and  the  Mattabeseck  project 
seems  to  have  been  utterly  abandoned.  These  lands  were  not 
immediately  divided,  but  were  held  in  reservation  for  future  use. 
Meanwhile,  measures  were  adopted  for  the  improvement  of  the 
present  abode,  as  the  records  indicate. 

Dec.  13, 1641.  "  Agreed  that  Robert  Holmes  and  John  Sted- 
man  shall  take  care  for  the  making  of  the  town-spring,  against 
Mr.  Dunster's  barn,  a  sufficient  well,  with  timber  and  stone,  fit 
for  the  use  of  man  and  watering  of  cattle.  Also  Richard  Jack- 
son is  to  be  an  assistant  to  them  by  way  of  advice,  if  they  shall 
require  it."  1 

Nov.  5,  1646.  "  Ordered  by  the  Townsmen,  that  there  shall 
be  fifty  shillings  paid  unto  Tho.  Longhorne,  for  his  service  to 
the  town  in  beating  the  drum  this  two  years  last  past." 

Jan.  11,  1646-7.  "  Ordered,  That  whatever  person  or  per- 
sons shall  cut  down,  or  cause  to  be  cut  down,  any  tree  or  trees 
whatsoever,  whether  living  or  dead,  in  swamp  or  upland,  on  this 
side  Menottime  River  (the  great  swamp  only  exempted),  shall 
forfeit  for  every  tree  so  felled  ten  shillings.  This  order  to  con- 
tinue until  further  order  be  taken  by  the  Townsmen. 

"  It  is  also  further  ordered,  That  whatsoever  person  or  persons 
who  hath  any  land  at  Menottime  laid  out  unto  himself  or  his 
house  wherein  he  dwelleth  shall,  after  the  12th  day  of  this  pres- 
ent month,  cut  out  or  take  away  directly  or  indirectly  any  wood 
or  timber  on  this  side  the  path  which  goeth  from  the  mill 2  to 
Watertowne,  every  such  person  shall  forfeit  for  every  such  load, 
if  it  be  timber,  five  shillings  per  load,  and  if  wood,  two  shillings 
per  load.  Provided,  that  there  is  liberty  granted,  until  the  20th 
day  of  this  present  month,  for  the  fetching  home  of  what  is  al- 
ready cut  out ;  and  after  that  whatever  is  found  to  be  forfeit." 

Field-drivers  were  first  elected  in  1647  :  Gilbert  Crackbone 
for  the  West  field,  Thomas  Hall  for  the  Pine-swamp  field, 

Thomas  Beale  for  the  Town  within  the  pales,  and Russell 

for  the  Neck  of  land.  Commissioners  "  to  end  small  causes," 
Sealer  of  Leather,  and  Clerk  of  the  Market,  first  elected  in  1648. 

June  12, 1648.  "  Upon  the  complaint  of  Edward  Goffe  against 
Richard  Cutter  for  wrongful  detaining  of  calves  impounded  by 

1  This  spring  may  still  be  seen  a  few  Church  Street,  where  he  owned  a  lot  con- 
feet  westerly  from  the  University  Press  taining  six  acres. 

between    Brattle    and     Mount    Auburn  2  Cooke's   Mill,  afterwards  known    as 

Streets.      Mr.  Dunster's  barn   stood  on  Kolfe's  Mill,  or  Cutter's  Mill,  near  the 

the  northerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  near  Town  House  in  Arlington. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  55 

him  of  the  said  Edward  Goffe's,  wherein  Samuell  Eldred  wit- 
nesseth :  —  Edward  Goffe  desired  his  calves  of  Richard  Cutter, 
promising  to  pay  all  damages  and  cost  as  two  men  should  appre- 
hend to  be  right ;  but  the  said  Richard  Cutter  denied  to  let  him 
have  them  except  he  would  take  a  course  with  his  boy  and 
promise  they  should  never  come  there  again  ;  and  a  second  time, 
being  desired  to  let  Edward  Goffe  have  the  calves,  he  answered, 
No.  The  Townsmen,  having  considered  the  business,  they  thus 
order,  —  that  Edward  Goffe  shall  pay  fourteen  pence  damage  to 
Richard  Cutter,  and  Richard  Cutter  shall  pay  for  the  costs  of 
the  same  witnesses,  four  shillings  and  seven  pence." 

Nov.  20, 1648.  "  Ordered,  That  there  shall  be  an  eight-penny 
ordinary  provided  for  the  Townsmen  every  second  Monday  of  the 
month,  upon  their  meeting  day  ;  and  that  whoever  of  the  Towns- 
men fail  to  be  present  within  half  an  hour  of  the  ringing  of  the 
Bell  (which  shall  be  half  an  hour  after  eleven  of  the  clock),  he 
shall  both  lose  his  dinner  and  pay  a  pint  of  sack,  or  the  value, 
to  the  present  Townsmen ;  and  the  like  penalty  shall  be  paid  by 
any  that  shall  depart  from  the  rest,  without  leave.  The  charges  of 
the  dinner  shall  be  paid  by  the  Constable  out  of  the  town  stock." 
The  practice,  thus  inaugurated,  of  dining  or  partaking  of  other 
refreshments  at  the  public  expense,  seems  to  have  been  generally 
observed  by  the  selectmen  for  nearly  two  hundred  years,  until 
the  municipal  form  of  goverment  was  changed  ;  not  indeed  at 
every  meeting,  nor  was  the  expense  always  limited  to  eight  pence 
each. 

Feb.  16,  1648-9.  Voted,  by  the  Town,  "  That  the  Towns- 
men should  prosecute  suit  in  law  against  such  of  the  inhabitants 
of  Watertowne  as  have  trespassed  in  our  Great  Swamp."  l 

1  At  this  time  Sparks  Street  and  Vas-  that  the  swamp  was  common  property,  it 
sal  Lane  formed  part  of  the  boundary  is  declared  that,  "  The  present  inhabi- 
line  between  Cambridge  and  Watertown  ;  tants  of  Cambridge  purchased  the  whole 
and  the  Great  Swamp  extended  northerly  dimensions  of  the  town  (this  legally  set- 
from  Vassal  Lane  on  both  sides  of  Me-  tied  their  bounds  by  order  of  Court)  of 
notomy  River.  It  would  seem  that  the  the  Harford  Company  about  fourteen 
Townsmen  immediately  commenced  suit  years  since,  at  which  time  the  chiefest 
against  one  of  the  trespassers.  In  the>'  and  best  parts  of  this  swamp  for  wood 
Court  Files  of  Middlesex  County,  1649-  was  allotted  into  particular  propriety 
50,  is  still  preserved  "  The  >Reply  of  and  fenced  in  with  their  planting  land 
Richard  Jackson  and  Thomas  Dan-  by  a  general  fence."  If  the  trespass  con- 
forth,  plaint.,  in  the  behalf  of  the  tinue,  "  It  would  then  be  a  groundwork 
town  of  Cambridge,  against  Samuel  of  endless  contention,  if  not  the  desolat- 
Thatcher,  of  Watertown,  def.,  unto  ing  of  our  poor  straitened  town,  and  that 
his  several  answers  in  the  action  of  the  for  these  reasons.  (1.)  The  branches  of 
cause  for  taking  away  wood  out  of  their  the  swamp  so  runeth  over  all  our  bounds, 
bounds."  In  answer  to  the  allegation  which  is  for  five  miltes  together  not  much 


56  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Fence-viewers  were  first  elected  March  12,  1648-9,  for  the 
Neck,  Pine-swamp  fields,  Menotomy  fields,  and  West  field  ;  a 
Sealer  of  Weights  and  Measures,  Jan.  14,  1649—50  ;  and  a 
Ganger,  "  to  size  cask,"  Nov.  10,  1651. 

Feb.  11,  1649-50.  "  The  request  of  Richard  ffrances  for  re- 
mitting the  present  town  rate,  in  regard  of  God's  visitation  by 
sickness  on  himself  and  family,  is  granted." 

Dec.  9,  1650.  "  Whereas  dreadful  experience  shows  the  inevi- 
table danger  and  great  loss,  not  only  to  particular  persons,  but 
also  to  the  whole  town,  by  the  careless  neglect  of  keeping  chim- 
neys clean  from  soot,  and  want  of  ladders  in  time  of  need,  the 
select  Townsmen,  taking  the  same  into  their  serious  considera- 
tion, do  therefore  order  that  every  person  inhabiting  within  the 
bounds  of  this  town,  before  the  10th  of  the  next  month  provide 
one  or  more  sufficient  ladders  at  all  times  in  a  readiness  to  reach 
up  to  the  top  of  his  or  their  house  ;  and  forthwith  and  at  all 
times  hereafter  see  that  their  chimneys  be  kept  clean  swept  at 
least  once  every  month,  upon  the  penalty  of  2s.  Qd.  for  every 
month's  neglect  herein." 

March  10,  1650-1.  "  Mr.  Joseph  Cooke  hath  liberty  granted 
to  fell  timber  on  the  common  for  to  fence  in  his  orchard." 

Jan.  7,  1651—2.  "  William  Manning  is  granted  liberty  by  the 
inhabitants  of  the  town,  at  a  general  meeting,  to  make  a  wharf 
out  of  the  head  of  the  creek,1  towards  Mr.  Pelham's  barn,  and 
build  a  house  on  it,  to  come  as  high  as  the  great  pine  stump, 
and  range  with  Mr.  Pelham's  fence  next  the  high  street  into 
town." 

Besides  the  foregoing  transactions  of  a  general  character,  the 
Records  show  that,  during  this  period,  a  new  meeting-house  was 
erected,  and  provisions  made  for  the  support  of  the  Grammar 
school ;  both  which  subjects  will  be  mentioned  in  another  place. 
Measures  were  also  adopted  to  convert  the  Shawshine  territory 
to  profitable  use.  No  general  division  of  the  land  was  made 
before  1652 ;  yet  the  Records  indicate  some  grants  to  individuals, 

if  any  above  a  mile  broad,  so  that  hereby  pense  of  wood  in  our  town  by  the  College, 

no   man   can    peaceably  enjoy  his   own  which  we  cannot  estimate  much  less  than 

propriety.     (2.)  It  is  the  chief  supply  of  350  load  a  year,  the  chief  supply  whereof 

the  town  for  wood,  being  near  to  us,  and  if  it  be  not  out  of  the  swamp,  it  will  be 

many  having  none  elsewhere  within  the  costly,  as  every  load  must  be  fetched  above 

compass  of  four  miles  and  a  half  of  the  five  miles."     It  is  added  that  the  wood 

town,  which  cost  them  two  shillings  a  load  from  the  swamp  costs  four  shillings  per 

more  than  they  can  have  it  for  in  the  load  in  Cambridge  ;   the  cost  of  cutting 

swamp.    Besides  the  expense  of  the  in-  and  hauling  being  twenty  pence, 

habitants,  it  is  not  unknown  the  great  ex-  l  At  the  foot  of  Dunster  Street. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  57 

and  the  appropriation  of  one  thousand  acres  "  for  the  good  of  the 
church."  I  quote  again  from  the  Town  Records  :  — 

April  9,  1648.  "  It  was  agreed  at  a  general  meeting,  when 
the  whole  town  had  special  warning  to  meet  for  the  disposing  of 
Shawshine,  that  there  should  be  a  farm  laid  out,  of  a  thousand 
acres,  to  be  for  a  public  stock,  and  improved  for  the  good  of  the 
church  and  that  part  of  the  church  that  here  shall  continue  ;  and 
every  person  or  persons  that  shall  from  time  to  time  remove  from 
the  church  do  hereby  resign  up  their  interest  therein  to  the  re- 
maining part  of  the  church  of  Cambridge.  This  thousand  acres 
of  land,  given  to  the  use  aforesaid,  shall  be  laid  out  either  all 
together,  or  else  severally  part  in  one  place  and  part  elsewhere, 
according  to  the  discretion  of  the  men  that  are  appointed  to  lay 
out  the  land." 

"  Also  there  was  granted  to  several  brethren  that  had  no 
house-right  in  the  town,  if  they  did  desire  it,"  farms  at  Shaw- 
shine  :  — 

"  Imprimis,  Capt.  Googine  a  farm,  if  he  buy  a  house  in  the 
town  ;  also  to  Bro.  Edward  Oakes,  Tho.  Oakes,  and  Richard 
Hildreth,  each  of  them  a  farm  for  their  encouragement,  if  they 
see  it  may  make  for  their  support  and  desire  it. 

"  Further,  it  is  granted  to  Mr.  Henry  Dunster  and  Mr.  Ed- 
ward Collins  liberty  to  have  their  small  farms  at  Shawshine,  and 
to  be  considered  in  their  quantity  more  than  others  in  regard  of 
their  work  and  place." 

April  1649.  Agreed,  "  that  Mr.  Henry  Dunster,  President 
of  Harvard  College,  should  have  500  acres,  whereof  400  is 
granted  by  the  town  to  his  own  person  and  heirs,  to  enjoy  freely 
forever,  and  the  other  100  acres  for  the  use  of  Harvard  College. 

"  Item,  unto  Mr.  Daniell  Googine  500  acres. 

"  Item,  unto  Mr.  Edward  Collins,  in  lieu  of  his  small  farm 
within  the  town  bounds,  with  some  addition  in  respect  of  his 
place  in  the  Deacon's  office,  it  was  agreed  that  he  should  have 
500  acres." 

June  9,  1652.  "  It  was  agreed  by  the  Church  that  Shawshine 
should  be  divided  as  followeth  :  — 

"  To  Mr.  Michell,  five  hundred  acres. 

"  To  Edw.  Okes,  three  hundred  acres. 

"  To  Thomas  Okes,  one  hundred  and  fifty  acres. 

"  It  was  agreed  that  these  three  above  named  should  have 
their  lots  laid  out  by  a  committee  with  as  little  prejudice  to  any 
lot  as  may  be,  and  so  not  to  draw  any  lot. 


58 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


"  Also,  the  Church  doth  agree  that  although  the  land  be,  by 
grant  of  the  General  Court,  peculiar  to  the  Church  only,  yet  the 
whole  town,  viz.,  such  as  are  owners  of  house  and  land  in  the 
town,  shall  come  into  the  division  thereof. 

"  Also,  it  is  agreed,  that  every  man  shall  have  a  proportion  of 
land,  more  or  less,  according  to  the  proportion  now  allotted  him. 

"  Also,  that  every  man  shall  have  a  part  of  the  meadow  in 
proportion  with  his  upland,  to  be  laid  out  after  the  same  rule 
that  the  upland  is,  both  by  lot  and  quantity. 

"  Also,  it  is  agreed,  that,  after  the  farms  formerly  granted  are 
laid  out,  the  remainder  of  the  land  shall  be  divided  into  three 
breadths,  viz.,  two  of  the  said  breadths  to  lie  between  the  rivers, 
and  the  third  on  this  side  Shawshine  River.  The  first  lot  to 
begin  upon  a  line  continued  over  Shawshine  River,  the  same  that 
is  between  Woburn  and  us,  running  towards  Concord  until  it 
meet  with  Mr.  Wintrop's  farm  :  and  so  the  said  first  lot  to  butt 
south  upon  that  line,  and  on  Shawshine  River,  and  Mr.  Win- 
trop's farm  ;  and  so  each  lot  to  proceed  one  after  another,  by 
due  parallels,  until  they  come  clear  of  the  farms  already  laid  out, 
and  then  to  extend  in  two  divisions  between  the  Rivers,  and  a 
third  division  on  the  east  side  Shawshine  River,  and  so  every 
man's  lot  to  follow  one  another,  taking  all  the  three  breadths  at 
once,  the  nearest  land  to  the  first  centre  being  still  always  the 
next  lot  in  order. 

"  The  number  of  every  man's  lot  and  quantity  of  acres  is  as 
followeth  on  the  other  side. 


Lot.  Acres. 

1.  Daniell  Cheaver    ...  20 

2.  William  Clemmance,  senr.  30 

3.  Daniell  Kempster  ...  80 

4.  William  Bull    ....  15 

5.  Roger  Bucke    ....  10 

6.  Thomas  ffox      ....  80 

7.  Humphery  Bradshew     .  15 

8.  Mr.  Boman 20 

9.  William   Clemmance       .  30 

10.  Richard  Cutter      ...  80 

11.  Thomas  Loughorne    .     .  60 

12.  Daniell  Blogget     ...  40 

13.  Robert  Holmes      .     .     .150 

14.  Th.  Hall 20 

15.  Widow  Banbricke      .     .  40 

16.  John  Jacson                .     .  50 


Lot.  Acres. 

17.  Wm.  Roman      ....  50 

18.  Nath.  Greene  and  Mother  80 

19.  Richard  ffrench      ...  20 

20.  John  Watson    ....  80 

21.  Richard  Woodes    ...  10 

22.  John  Taylor     ....  60 

23.  Wid:  Wilkerson     ...  60 

24.  Lieft.  William  ffrench     .  150 

25.  Joseph  Miller   ....  15 

26.  Jonath.  Hide     ....  20 

27.  David  ffiske       ....  60 

28.  Wid:  Hancocke     ...  10 

29.  And.  Stevenson     ...  60 

30.  Mr.  Elijath  Corlet      .     .100 

31 .  David  Stone      ....  50 

32.  Tho.  Danforth  .               .  220 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


59 


Lot. 

33.  Rich,  ffrances    .     .     . 

34.  John  Parker     .     . 

35.  Jonath.  Padlefoote 

36.  Edw.  Hall    .... 

37.  Ri.  Oldam    .... 

38.  Gilbert  Cracbone  .     . 

39.  Robert  Stedman    .     . 

40.  Tho.  Swoetman      .     . 

41.  Wm.  Bordman        .     . 

42.  John  Betts  .... 

43.  John  Shepard   . 

44.  Daniell  Stone    .     .     . 

45.  John  ffrenches  children 

46.  John  ffownell     .     .     . 

47.  Sam11.  Hides      .     .     . 

48.  Tho.  Marret      .     .     . 

49.  Edw.  Winship  .     .     . 

50.  Goodm.  Hammond     . 

51.  Steven  Day.     .     .     . 

52.  John  Gibson     .     .     . 

53.  Edw.  Goffe  .... 

54.  William  Man    .     .     . 

55.  Ri.  Jacson    .... 

56.  Will"1.  Dixon    .     .     . 

57.  George  Willowes  .     . 

58.  Tho.  Chesholme    .     . 

59.  Mr.  Edmund  ffrost 

60.  John  Hall    .... 

61.  Edw.  Michelson    .     . 

62.  And.  Belcher    .     .     . 

63.  John  Swan  .... 

64.  Phil.  Cooke      .     .     . 

65.  ffr.  Moore,  junior  .     . 

66.  Widd:  Sill     .... 

67.  Robert  Parker .     .     . 

68.  Will1".  Manning    .     . 

69.  Richard  Hassull     .     . 

70.  Nicho.  Withe    .     .     . 

71.  Willm.  Hamlet  .     .     . 

72.  Will"1.  Towne  .     .     . 

73.  Sam".  Greene  .     .     . 

74.  Robert  Browne      .     . 

75.  John  Boutell     .     . 

76.  John  Bridge      .     .     . 

77.  Tho.  Beal 


Acres.  Lot.                                                                     Acre.". 

60  78.  Richard  Parke  .     .     .     .100 

,10  79.  ffranc.  Whitmore   ...     50 

.     15  80.  Jonas  Clearke  ....     60 

70  81.  John  Hasteings      ...     80 

,     60  82.  Henry  Prentise     ...     80 

,     90  83.  Elder  Champnis     .     .     .350 

90  84.  Nath.  Sparhauke  .     .     .140 

.     70  85.  John  Stedman  ....  300 

.60  86.  Willm.  Russell  ....     60 

.     90  87.  William  Patten     ...     90 

.     60  88.  Ben.  Bower      .     .     .     .     20 

.     50  89.  Tho.  Briggam  ....  180 

.     30  90.  John  Russell     ....     80 

.  100  91.  Will.  Bucke      ....     20 

,     80  92.  Richard  Ecles  ....     70 

,  200  93.  Mrs.  Sarah  Simes       .     .     50 

,  200      94.  Mr.  Jacson 400 

15  95.  Mr.  Andrews     ....  150 

50  96.  Abra.  Errington    ...     70 

80  97.  Widd:  Cutter    ....     40 

450  98.  ffr.  Moore,  senr.     ...     50 

70  99.  Mr.  Josseph  Cooke    .     .  300 

200  100.  Wm.  Wilcocke  ....     90 

80  101.  Christopher  Cane  ...     80 

60    102.  Rich.  Dana 20 

100  103.  Mr.  Angier       ....  300 

200  104.  Vincet  Druse    ....     15 

20  105.  Rogr.  Bancroft      .     .     .100 

150  106.  John  Cooper     ....  140 

50  107.  Edw.  Shepard  .     .     .     .     80 

20  108.  Tho.  Bridge      ....     50 

80  109.  Ranold  Bush     ....     10 

50  110.  Tho.  Prentise   ....  150 

40  111.  Math.  Bridge    ....     80 

60  112.  Golden  Moore.     .     .     .100 

60  113.   Robert  Brodish     .     ..    .     30 

60  Mem0.  There  is  these  two  per- 

90  sons  overslipped,  viz. 

60  28.  Richard  Robbins    ...     80 

70  91.  Daniell  Wines  .     ...     10 

80  These  two  lots  must  come 

40  in  their  due  order. 

20  The  town  do  give  to  Greg- 

250  ory  Stone,    adjoining    to    his 

1 00  farm,  one  hundred  acres.       .  1 00  " 


60  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Although,  by  the  generosity  of  the  Church,  all  the  inhabitants 
received  allotments  of  the  Shawshine  lands,  comparatively  few  of 
them  established  a  residence  upon  that  territory.  As  early,  how- 
ever, as  1655,  there  were  so  many  householders  in  Shawshine, 
gathered  from  Cambridge  and  elsewhere,  that  they  were  incor- 
porated as  a  distinct  town,  named  Billerica,  and  an  amicable 
arrangement  was  made  by  them  with  the  inhabitants  of  Cam- 
bridge, in  regard  to  their  respective  territorial  rights  and  liabil- 
ities. 

The  Town  Records,  Jan.  29,  1654-5,  show  that  "  In  answer  to 
a  letter  sent  to  the  town  from  our  neighbors  of  Shawshine,  alias 
Bilracie,  wherein  they  desire  that  whole  tract  of  land  may  be 
disengaged  from  this  place  and  be  one  entire  body  of  itself,  —  the 
town  consented  to  choose  five  persons  a  Committee  to  treat  and 
conclude  with  them  concerning  their  request  therein ;  at  which 
time  there  was  chosen  Mr.  Henry  Dunster,  Elder  Champney, 
John  Bridge,  Edward  Goffe,  and  Edward  Winship."  The  result 
appears  in  the  Record  of  the  General  Court,  under  date  of  May 
23,1655:- 

"  In  answer  to  the  desire  of  our  brethren  and  neighbors,  the 
inhabitants  of  Shawshin,  requesting  immunities  and  freedom 
from  all  public  rates  and  charges  at  Cambridge,  and  that  all  the 
land  of  that  place,  as  well  those  appertaining  to  the  present  in- 
habitants of  Cambridge  as  those  granted  them  by  the  Court, 
might  belong  entirely  to  that  place,  for  the  better  encouragement 
and  carrying  on  of  public  charges  that  will  necessarily  there  fall 
out,  — 

"  We,  whose  names  are  underwritten,  being  empowered  by  the 
inhabitants  of  Cambridge,  at  a  public  meeting  of  the  town,  the 
29th  of  January,  1654,  to  make  such  propositions  and  conclusions 
therein  as  to  us  might  seem  most  meet  and  equal,  do  make  these 
following  propositions  with  reference  to  the  compliance  of  the 
above  named  our  beloved  brethren  and  neighbors,  the  inhabitants 
of  Shawshin,  and  the  approbration  of  the  General  Court  for  the 
full  conclusion  thereof. 

1.  "  That  all  the  lands  belonging  to  that  place  called  by  the 
name  of  Shawshin,  with  its  appurtenances  or  latter  grants  made 
by  the  General  Court,  as  well  those  the  propriety  and  peculiar 
right  whereof  belongeth  to  any  particular  person,  as  those  granted 
by  the  town  or  church  of  Cambridge  to  that  place  for  a  township, 
as  also  those  given  by  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  for  the  fur- 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  61 

therance  and  encouragement  of  a  plantation  there,  shall  be  one 
entire  township  or  plantation,  always  freed  and  acquitted  from 
all  manner  of  common  charges  or  rates,  of  what  nature  or  kind 
soever,  due  or  belonging  of  right  to  be  paid  unto  Cambridge  by 
virtue  of  any  grant  of  that  place  unto  them  by  the  General  Court. 

"  2.  That  whensoever  any  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge, 
their  heirs  or  assigns,  whether  in  that  place  or  elsewhere,  shall 
make  any  improvement  of  their  lands  above  premised,  more  or 
less,  by  fencing,  building  or  breaking  up,  or  mowing  of  the  mead- 
ows, every  such  person  shall  pay  to  the  common  charges  of  that 
place,  i.  e.,  Shawshin,  suitable  to  his  or  their  improvement  of 
the  aforesaid  kind,  in  due  proportion  with  the  rest  of  the  inhab- 
itants in  that  place,  the  whole  estate  and  improvements  of  the 
place  being  laid  at  an  equal  and  proportionable  rate. 

"  3.  That  the  inhabitants  of  Shawshin  shall,  at  all  time  and 
times  hereafter  forever,  acquit  and  discharge  the  inhabitants  of 
Cambridge  from  all  common  charges,  rates,  dues,  duties,  and  in- 
cumbrances  by  any  manner  of  ways  or  means  due  by  them  to  be 
paid,  executed,  or  performed,  by  virtue  of  their  interest  in  that 
place,  given  unto  them  by  the  grant  of  the  General  Court. 

"4.  That  whensoever  any  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge 
shall  alienate  their  present  interest  in  any  of  the  above  named 
lands  from  themselves  and  heirs,  then  the  said  lands  shall,  in  all 
respects,  be  liable  to  common  charges  of  that  place,  as  though 
those  particular  persons  had  their  grants  thereof  made  them  from 
the  said  town  or  plantation  of  Shawshin. 

"  5.  That  no  person  or  persons  which  either  have  had  or  here- 
after shall  have  any  lot  or  allotment  granted  them  in  the  above 
named  township  of  Shawshin,  in  case  they  make  not  improve- 
ment thereof  by  building  and  fencing,  especially  the  houselot, 
shall  have  any  power  to  make  any  sale  or  gift  thereof  to  any 
other  person,  but  such  land  and  allotments  shall  return  again  to 
the  town,  i.  e.,  Shawshin  ;  and  in  case,  after  such  like  improve- 
ment, any  person  shall  then  remove,  to  the  deserting  and  leaving 
their  brethren  and  neighbors  that  have  adventured  by  their  en- 
couragement to  settle  there  with  them,  no  such  person  or  persons, 
for  seven  years  next  ensuing  the  confirmation  hereof,  shall  have 
power  to  make  either  sale,  or  gift,  or  alienation  thereof  to  any 
person  or  persons  whatsoever,  save  only  unto  such  as  the  greater 
part  of  the  inhabitants  then  resident  at  Shawshin  shall  consent 
unto  and  approve  of. 

"  6.  That  in  case  any  grievance  shall  hereafter  happen  to  arise, 


62  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

which  for  the  present  neither  side  foresee,  nor  is  hereby  clearly 
determined,  that  then  all  such  matter  of  grievance  or  difference 
shall  be  from  time  to  time  heard  and  determined  by  meet  persons, 
three  or  five,  indifferently  chosen  by  the  prudential  men  of  Cam- 
bridge and  Shawshin. 

"  And  these  aforementioned  propositions  to  be  subscribed  by 
all  the  present  inhabitants  of  Shawshin,  and  by  all  such  as 
hereafter  shall  have  any  allotments  granted  them  there,  and  re- 
turn hereof  made  to  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  within  ten 
days  after  the  end  of  the  first  session  of  the  next  General  Court. 
Given  under  our  hands  this  17th  12In-  1654,  by  us, 

"  HENRY  DUNSTER, 
RICHARD  CHAMPNEY, 
EDWARD  GOFFE, 
JOHN  BRIDGE. 

"  These  propositions  are  accepted  of  and  consented  unto  by  us 
the  present  inhabitants  of  Shawshin ;  and  we  do  humbly  crave 
this  honored  Court  to  confirm  and  record  the  same. 
"  Your  bumble  servants, 

"  RALPH  HILL,  Senr.          JAMES  PARKER, 
WILLIAM  FRENCH,          JONATHAN  DANFORTH, 
JOHN  STERNE,  HENRY  JEFTES, 

WILLIAM  PATTIN,  WILLIAM  CHAMBERLYN, 

GEORGE  FARLEY,  JOHN  PARKER, 

RALPH  HILL,  Junr.,          ROBERT  PARKER. 
JOHN  CROE, 
"  Their  request  was  granted  by  the  Court." 

On  the  same  day,  May  23,  1655,  "  in  answer  to  the  petition  of 
several  proprietors  and  inhabitants  of  Shawshin,  humbly  desir- 
ing a  tract  of  land  lying  near  the  line  of  the  farms  of  John  and 
Robert  Blood,  and  so  along  by  the  side  of  Concord  River,  &c., 
the  Court  grants  their  request  in  that  respect,  so  as  it  hinder  no 
former  grants,  and  grant  the  name  of  the  plantation  to  be  called 
Billirikey."  * 

Thus  was  this  first  dismemberment  of  the  extensive  township 
of  Cambridge  amicably  accomplished.  No  reasonable  objection 
could  be  urged  against  granting  an  independent  ecclesiastical 
and  civil  organization  to  those  persons  who  resided  at  such  a 
great  distance  from  the  centre  of  the  town,  as  soon  as  they  were 
able  to  defray  their  necessary  expenses. 

l  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (i.),  237-240. 


CHAPTER   VII. 

CIVIL    HISTORY. 

DURING  the  period  embraced  in  the  preceding  chapter,  very 
important  events  occurred  in  England.  The  ecclesiastical  yoke 
which  the  Fathers  of  New  England  were  unable  to  bear  was 
broken,  and  the  people  enjoyed  comparative  religious  freedom. 
The  civil  government  also  was  overturned  and  established  on  new 
foundations.  King  Charles  the  First  was  beheaded  Jan.  30, 
1649,  and  the  House  of  Lords  was  soon  afterwards  suppressed. 
For  a  few  years,  a  Parliament  consisting  of  a  single  House,  and 
the  army  under  the  command  of  Cromwell,  as  chief  general,  ex- 
ercised a  joint,  or  perhaps  rather  antagonistic,  supremacy,  until 
Dec.  16,  1653,  when  Cromwell,  with  the  title  of  Protector, 
grasped  the  reins  of  government,  which  he  held  with  a  firm  hand 
so  long  as  he  lived.  After  this  Revolution  in  England,  and  as 
one  of  its  consequences,  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  were  once 
more  tempted  to  remove.  "  Cromwell  had  been  very  desirous  of 
drawing  off  the  New  Englanders  to  people  Ireland  after  his  suc- 
cesses there,  and  the  inhabitants  of  New  Haven  had  serious 
thoughts  of  removing,  but  did  not  carry  their  design  into  execu- 
tion. Jamaica  being  conquered,  Ci*omwell  renewed  his  invita- 
tion to  the  colony  of  the  Massachusetts  to  remove  and  to  go  and 
people  that  island,  and  it  appears  by  Mr.  Leverett's  letters  and  a 
letter  from  the  General  Court  to  Cromwell,  that  he  had  it  much 
at  heart.  Cromwell  foresaw  that  the  West  India  planters  would 
raise  estates  far  superior  to  those  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  north- 
ern colonies,  and  though  a  mere  worldly  consideration  was  not 
proper  for  him  to  urge,  yet  accompanied  with  the  fulfillment  of  a 
divine  promise,  that  God's  people  should  be  the  head  and  not  the 
tail,  it  was  in  character,  and  he  artfully  enough  joined  it  with 
the  other  consideration.  But  all  was  insufficient  to  induce  the 
people  of  New  England  to  quit  a  country  where  they  could  live 
tolerably,  and  were  indulged  with  all  the  privileges  they  desired, 


64  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  we  have  no  account  of  many  families  having  removed." 1  Al- 
though this  temptation  was  offered  to  the  people  of  the  whole 
Colony,  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  may  be  supposed  to  have 
been  peculiarly  sensitive  to  its  force,  inasmuch  as  it  was  presented 
by  one  of  their  most  honored  and  trusted  townsmen.  Captain 
Gookin  was  in  England  in  1655,  and  was  selected  by  Cromwell 
as  a  special  agent  to  manage  this  affair.  Having  received  his 
instructions,  he  returned  to  .New  England  and  devoted  himself 
earnestly  to  his  appointed  task.  Several  of  his  letters  to  Secre- 
tary Thurloe  concerning  this  mission  are  printed  in  Thurloe's 
State  Papers.  In  the  first,  dated  Jan.  21,  1655-6,  he  announces 
his  recent  arrival  at  Boston,  "  after*  ten  weekes  of  an  exercising 
passage  from  the  Isle  of  Wight."  2  At  a  later  period,  he  men- 
tions in  detail  some  of  his  labors,  and  hopes,  and  discourage- 
ments, reminding  the  secretary  that  he  undertook  the  work  with 
some  misgivings.  This  letter  may  deserve  insertion  :  — 

"  RIGHT  HONORABLE.  Since  my  arrival  in  New  England, 
which  was  the  20th  of  January  last,  I  wrote  two  letters  by  way  of 
Barbadoes,  and  this  3d  also  the  same  way  being  destitute  of  a 
direct  conveyance  from  hence.  The  sum  of  the  2  first  were 
to  inform  your  honour  of  my  arrivall  here,  and  of  a  little  motion 
that  I  had  then  made  in  his  highnesse's  affayres  ;  but  the  sharp- 
ness of  the  winter  prevented  my  travill  into  other  colonies.  But 
I  procured  a  meeting  of  the  council  of  this  colony  March  the 
7th  being  the  soonest  they  mett,  although  the  governour  called 
them  a  month  before ;  but  in  the  interval  between  my  arrival 
and  the  counsel's  meeting,  I  endeavoured  to  make  knowne,  as  far 
as  I  could,  the  sum  of  his  highness  desires ;  but  there  was  little 
done  during  that  season  for  the  foremen  tioned  reson,  but  after  the 
counsell  of  this  colony  mett,  and  I  had  delivered  his  highness 
letters,  and  declared  the  cause  of  my  coming,  they  thankfully 
accepted  and  readily  made  an  order  for  the  promotion  thereof, 
requiring  their  officers  to  attend  my  motions  in  the  publishing 
the  same.  Whereupon  I  did  forthwith  cause  a  short  declaration 
to  be  printed  and  published  unto  all  the  towns  and  plantations  of 
the  English,  not  only  in  this,  but  other  colonys,  (the  copie  of 
which  printed  paper  and  order  I  have  enclosed,)  and  together 
therewith  I  procured  and  imployed  persons  of  trust  in  severall 
parts  (where  I  could  not  be  in  person)  to  promote  the  business 
and  take  subscriptions.  Shortly  after  this  was  done  in  mid  Aprill 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  190-192.  2  Vol.  iv.,  p.  440. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  65 

(as  soone  as  the  waies  were  well  passable)  I  tooke  my  journey 
to  the  colonies  of  Conecticut  and  New  Haven  (about  150  miles, 
for  the  most  part  through  the  woods)  and  unto  the  magistrates  of 
those  colonies  declared  my  busines,  delivering  his  highness  let- 
ters to  Mr.  Eaton,  &c.  They  all  thankfully  accepted  his  great 
love,  manefesting  themselves  very  ready  to  further  the  worke  in 
the  West  Indies,  which  they  trust  is  of  God.  But  as  for  this 
place  of  Jamiaca  now  tendred,  the  minds  of  most  were  averse 
at  present,  for  as  much  as  at  that  very  season  their  came  divers 
letters  from  thence,  signifieing  the  sore  afflicting  hand  of  God 
in  the  mortalitie  of  the  English  upon  the  Island,  in  so  much 
that  of  8,000  and  upward,  that  landed  there,  there  was  not  liv- 
ing above  one  halfe  ;  and  those  very  weake,  and  lowe,  and  many 
of  them  dicing  daily,  wherein  also  was  related  the  death  of  ma- 
jor general  Fortescue,  Mr.  Gage,  and  divers  others.  These  tyd- 
ings  are  a  very  great  discouragement  unto  the  most  and  best  per- 
sons, which  otherwise  would  have  ingaged  to  remove ;  only  some 
few  families  have  subscribed,  but  not  considerable.  If  the  Lord 
please  to  give  the  state  either  Hispaniola,  Cuba,  or  any  other 
helthful  place,  I  have  good  reason  to  beeleve,  that  sundry  per- 
sons, of  worth,  yea  and  some  whole  churches  would  remove  from 
hence  into  those  parts.  But  as  for  this  Island  (though  through 
God's  mercy  late  intelligence  of  7th  of  March  from  the  commis- 
sioners give  great  hope,  that  the  good  lord  is  returneing  to  visit 
the  remnant,  that  is  left,  with  health  and  cure ;  and  also  they 
give  great  incouradgment  of  the  fertilitie  of  the  said  island,  all 
which  tidings  I  have  endevored  to  publish  with  my  best  skill, 
and  what  the  effects  may  be  towards  the  drawing  in  of  more 
persons,  I  canot  yet  determine;  but  this  island,  through  many 
bad  reports  of  it,  is  not  of  such  esteme  here,  as  in  several  respects 
I  conceive  it  deserves.  For  the  present  their  are  some  few  godly 
discrete  persons,  that  intend  to  pass  theither  in  a  ship  of  the 
states  called  the  Hope,  whereof  one  Martin  is  comander,  which 
is  now  here  ladeing  masts  for  the  fleet.  These  persons  leave 
their  familie  here ;  and  if  it  shall  please  God  to  cary  them  safe, 
and  that  the  island  be  liked  by  them  (as  I  hope  it  may)  then 
upon  their  returne  and  inteligence,  't  is  probable,  that  many  will 
remove,  and  in  the  interim  if  the  Lord's  purposes  be  to  plant  the 
said  island  with  any  people  from  hence,  't  is  possible  upon  this 
last  newes  I  may  heare  of  greater  motion  than  formerly  among 
the  people.  There  is  one  thing,  that  I  desire  to  mention  to  your 
honour,  that  is,  an  objection  I  mett  with  from  some  principal 

5 


66  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

persons,  that  incline  to  transplant,  and  indeed  the  motions  of 
such  will  draw  or  hinder  many.  If  his  highness  see  cause  to  re- 
move it,  't  is  probable  it  may  further  the  work.  They  say,  there 
is  no  incouradgment  in  the  propositions  for  ministers  or  men  of 
place,  but  what  is  equall  with  other  men.  Now  if  a  minister  and 
people  remove,  the  people  wil  not  be  in  a  capacity,  untill  they 
are  settled,  to  maintayne  their  ministers,  for  as  much  as  they 
cannot  cary  their  estates  from  hence,  being  it  principally  consists 
in  land  and  cattle.  Now  if  there  were  some  annual  allowance 
made  unto  such  persons  for  a  few  yeares,  until  the  people  recruite, 
or  other  waies  be  contrived,  it  would  then  take  of  that  hinder- 
ance. 

"  Thus  I  have,  as  breefly  as  I  may,  perticulerly  signified  unto 
your  honour,  the  sume  of  what  is  hetherto  done.  I  am  hartily 
sorry,  that  my  service  hath  beene  hetherunto  so  unprofitable  to 
his  highness  and  the  state,  whome  I  desire,  through  the  strength 
of  God,  to  serve  with  a  faithfull  hart  and  diligent  hand.  But  I 
trust  your  wisdomes  wil  consider  the  providences  of  God,  that 
have  occurred  ;  and  also  remember  some  litle  mention  I  made  of 
my  feares  this  way,  before  I  undertooke  the  service ;  but  yet  I 
am  not  out  of  hope,  that  his  highness  pious  intentions  and  mo- 
tions in  this  great  worke  both  in  the  West  Indies,  and  elsewhere, 
shal  be  owned  and  crowned  with  the  Lord's  blessing  in  his  best 
season. 

"  Thus  with  my  most  humble  service  presented,  and  earnest 
prairs  to  him,  on  whose  shoulders  the  government  is,  to  give  his 
gracious  presence  and  assistance  to  his  highness  and  your  honer 
in  all  emergencies,  I  remaine  desirous  to  be,  sir,  his  highness  and 
your  honer's  most  humble  and  faithful  servant, 

DANIEL  GOOKIN. 

"  Cambridge  in  New  England,  May  10th,  1656."  l 

Captain  Gookin  wrote  again,  Oct.  23,  1656,  announcing  the 
probable  failure  of  the  project,  inasmuch  as  "  the  great  difficul- 
ties and  discouragement  the  English  have  grapled  with  in  that 
place,  being  fully  known  here,  have  made  the  most  considerable 
persons  slow  to  appeare  or  ingage  to  transplant  for  present,  lest 
they  should  bring  themselves  and  families  into  great  inconven- 
iences ;  only  there  was  about  three  hundred  souls  that  subscribed, 
who  for  the  most  part  are  young  persons  under  family  government, 
and  many  of  them  females,  and  for  quality  of  low  estates,  but 
divers  personally  godly."  2 

1  State  Papers,  v.  6,  7.  2  Ibid.,  v.  509. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  67 

While  the  Protectorate  of  Cromwell  continued,  Massachusetts 
was  a  favored  colony,  and  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  shared 
the  general  benefit  of  political  and  ecclesiastical  privileges.  But 
his  death,  and  the  incompetency  of  his  son  Richard,  prepared  the 
way  for  the  accession  (or  Restoration,  as  it  was  styled)  of  Charles 
the  Second,  who,  on  the  twenty-ninth  day  of  May,  1660,  the  an- 
niversary of  his  birth,  entered  London  in  triumph.  From  this 
time  a  constant  struggle  for  chartered  rights  was  maintained  for 
many  years,  resulting  in  the  forcible  abrogation  of  the  old  char- 
ter. In  this  struggle,  Cambridge  men  were  active  participants. 

It  is  related  by  Hutchinson,  under  date  of  1660,  that,  "in  the 
ship  which  arrived  from  London  the  27th  of  July  there  came 
passengers  Col.  Whaley  and  Col.  Goffe,  two  of  the  late  King's 

judges They  did  not  attempt  to  conceal  their  persons  or 

characters  when  tFiey  arrived  at  Boston,  but  immediately  went  to 
the  governor,  Mr.  Endicot,  who  received  them  very  courteously. 
They  were  visited  by  the  principal  persons  of  the  town,  and  among 
others  they  take  notice  of  Col.  Crown's  coming  to  see  them.  He 
was  a  noted  royalist.  Although  they  did  not  disguise  themselves 
yet  they  chose  to  reside  at  Cambridge,  a  village  about  four  miles 
distant  from  the  town,  where  they  went  the  first  day  they  arrived. 
....  The  22d  of  February  the  Governor  summoned  a  court  of 
assistants  to  consult  about  securing  them,  but  the  court  did  not 
agree  to  it.  Finding  it  unsafe  to  remain  any  longer,  they  left 
Cambridge  the  26th  following  and  arrived  at  New  Haven  the  7th 
of  March. "  1  The  particular  reason  why  they  selected  Cam- 
bridge for  their  residence  does  not  distinctly  appear.  A  prin- 
cipal inhabitant  of  the  town,  Edward  Goffe,  was  the  namesake 
of  one  of  the  regicides,  and  may  have  been  his  brother  or  cousin  ; 
but  I  have  found  no  proof  of  such  relationship.  Perhaps  their 
acquaintance  with  Captain  Gookin  may  have  induced  them  to  re- 
side here.  In  a  "  Narrative  of  the  Commissioners  from  England 
about  New  England,"  published  by  Hutchinson  in  his  "  Collec- 
tion of  Papers,"2  it  is  alleged  that  "Col.  Whaley  and  Goffe  were 
entertained  by  the  magistrates  with  great  solemnity  and  feasted 

1  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  213-215.    From  New  tures  and  fate  in  New  England,  may  be 

Haven  the  regicides  retreated  to  Hadley,  found  in  Judd's  History  of  Hadley,  pp. 

where  they  found  shelter  in  the  house  of  214-223. 

Rev.  John  Russell.    "Whalley  is  supposed  It    should    be    added,    that    although 
to  have  died  there  about  1670,  and  to  have  Hutchinson    and    others    style   Whalley 
been  buried  in  Mr.  Russell's  cellar.    Goffe  and   Goffe  "  Colonels,"    both   were   act- 
survived  several  years ;  but  the  time  and  ually  Major-generals  under  Cromwell, 
place  of  his  death   are   not  known.     A  2  Pages  419,  420. 
chapter  relative  to  their  romantic  adven- 


68  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

in  every  place,  after  they  were  told  they  were  traytors  and  ought 
to  be  apprehended ;  they  made  their  abode  at  Cambridge  uutill 
they  were  furnished  with  horses  and  a  guide  and  sent  away  to 
Newhaven  ;  for  their  more  security  Capt.  Daniell  Gookin  is  re- 
ported to  have  brought  over  and  to  manage  their  estates  ;  and 
the  commissioners  being  informed  that  he  had  many  cattle  at  his 
farm  in  the  King's  Province  which  were  supposed  to  be  Whalyes 
or  Goughs,  caused  them  to  be  seazed  for  his  Majesty es  use  till 
further  order,  but  Capt.  Gookin,  standing  upon  the  privilege  of 
their  charter  and  refusing  to  answer  before  the  commissioners,  as 
soe,  there  was  no  more  done  in  it ;  Capt.  Peirce,  who  transported 
Whaly  and  Gough  into  New  England,  may  probably  say  some- 
thing to  their  estate."  It  has  been  said  that  Gookin  had  made 
a  second  visit  to  England,  and  that  he  returned  in  the  same  ship 
with  Whalley  and  Goffe. 

A  fragment  of  General  Goffe's  journal,  descriptive  of  his  res- 
idence in  Cambridge,  has  been  printed  in  the  "  Proceedings  of 
the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,"  1863, 1864. 1  Among  other 
things  he  says  :  — 

"  27  d.  5  m.  Wee  came  to  anchor  betwen  Boston  and  Charles- 
town  betwen  8.  and  9.  in  ye  morning :  all  in  good  health  thro: 
ye  good  hand  of  God  !  upon  us  :  oh  !  yt  men  would  praise  the 
Lord  for  his  goodness,  —  as  ps.  107.  21  &c." 

"  29  d.  5  m. —  Lds  day  ;  wee  had  opportunity  of  waiting  upon 
God  in  his  publick  ordinances,  wch  wer  solemnly  performed  by 
Mr.  Mitchel." 

"9  d.  6  m.  —  At  night  Majr  Gookins  shewed  us  a  printed 
paper  yt  was  brought  in  ye  Scotch  ship,  wherein  ye  Lords  do 
order  66  members  of  ye  High  court  of  Justice  to  be  secured,  wth 
yr  estates,  —  its  dated  18  d.  May,  1660.  But  I  will  meditate  on 
Hebr.  13.  5,  6." 

"  15  d.  6  m.  —  Sup't  at  Mr.  Chancey's  ;  the  good  old  servant 
of  ye  Lord,  still  expressing  much  affection,  &  telling  us,  he  was 
perswaded  ye  Ld  had  brought  us  to  this  country  for  good  both  to 
them  and  or  selves." 

"  23  d.  6  m.  —  In  ye  evening  wee  vissited  Elder  Frost,  who 
reed  us  with  great  kindness  &  love  esteeming  it  a  favour  yt  we 
would  come  into  yr  mean  habitation ;  assured  us  of  his  fervent 
prayers  to  ye  Lord  for  us :  —  A  glorious  saint  makes  a  mean  cot- 
tage a  stately  palace ;  were  I  to  make  my  choyce,  I  would  rather 
abide  wth  ys  saint  in  his  poor  cottage  then  wth  any  one  of  ye 
princes  yt  I  know  of  at  ys  day  in  ye  world." 

1  Pages  281-283. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  69 

"  24  d.  6  m.  —  Wee  visited  G.1  Beale,  sorely  afflicted  with  ye 
stone.  He  complained  yt  lie  could  not  in  ye  extremity  of  ye 
pain  submitt  with  cheerfullness  to  ye  will  of  God ;  &  told  us  yt 
God  spake  many  things  to  him  under  this  exercise." 

"  26  d.  6  m.  —  Mr.  Mitchell  wth  diverse  came  to  visit  us;  or  dis- 
course tended  to  provoke  to  give  up  or  selves  wholly  to  Jesus 
Christ  and  make  him  ye  whole  delight  of  or  souls." 

Within  a  few  days  after  Whalley  and  Goffe  left  Cambridge, 
orders  arrived  from  England  for  their  arrest ;  and  there  was  at 
least  a  show  of  earnest  exertion,  on  the  part  of  the  magistrates,  to 
overtake  them  ;  but  the  effort  was  in  vain.  Knowing  that  dis- 
satisfaction existed  in  the  English  government,  not  only  on  ac- 
count of  their  friendly  reception  of  the  regicides,  but  also  for 
their  persistent  disregard  of  the  navigation  laws,  and  many  other 
acts  of  insubordination,  the  General  Court  which  assembled  May 
22,  1661,  attempted  to  remove  some  of  the  causes  of  offence. 
They  rebuked  the  apostle  Eliot  for  publishing  a  book  advocating 
a  "Christian  Commonwealth"  rather  than  a  monarchy;  they 
modified  their  laws  concerning  Quakers,  and  soon  afterwards  ex- 
pressed their  intention  to  comply  with  the  laws  concerning  nav- 
igation. On  the  last  day  of  the  session,  which  had  extended  into 
June,  they  adopted  a  vote  which  clearly  indicates  their  concep- 
tion of  .  the  grave  difficulties  which  surrounded  them,  and  their 
anxiety  to  devise  means  of  escape  :  — 

"  For  as  much  as  the  present  condition  of  our  affairs  in  highest 
concernments  call  for  a  diligent  and  speedy  use  of  the  best  means 
seriously  to  discuss  and  rightly  to  understand  our  liberty  and  duty, 
thereby  to  beget  unity  amongst  ourselves  in  the  due  observance 
of  obedience  and  fidelity  unto  the  authority  of  England  and  our 
own  just  privileges,  for  the  effecting  whereof  it  is  ordered  by  this 
Court,  that  Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet,  Mr.  Samuell  Symonds,  Major 
General  Denison,  Mr.  Danforth,  Major  Win.  Hauthorne,  Capt. 
Tho.  Savage,  Capt.  Edward  Johnson,  Capt.  Eliazer  Lusher,  Mr. 
Mather,  Mr.  Norton,  Mr.  Gobbet,  and  Mr.  Michell,  be  and  hereby 
are  appointed  a  committee,  immediately  after  the  dissolution  or 
adjournment  of  the  Court,  to  meet  together  in  Boston  on  sec- 
ond day  next,  at  twelve  of  the  clock,  to  consider  and  debate  such 
matter  or  thing  of  public  concernment  touching  our  patent,  laws, 
privileges,  and  duty  to  his  Majesty,  as  they  in  their  wisdom  shall 
judge  most  expedient,  and  draw  up  the  result  of  their  apprehen- 
sions, and  present  the  same  to  the  next  session  for  consideration 

1  Goodman. 


70  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  approbation,  that  so  (if  the  will  of  God  be)  we  may  speak 
and  act  the  same  thing,  becoming  prudent,  honest,  conscientious, 
and  faithful  men." 

This  important  committee  consisted  of  four  Assistants,  four 
Deputies,  and  four  clergymen,  of  whom  Danforth  and  Mitchell 
were  of  Cambridge.  The  report  was  signed  by  Danforth,  and 
was  probably  written  by  him  ;  it  is  here  inserted,  as  it  indicates 
the  skill  and  firmness  with  which  encroachments  on  their  char- 
tered rights  were  resisted  by  the  party  of  which  he  was  the  ac- 
knowledged leader.  Immediately  after  the  appointment  of  this 
committee,  the  Court  adjourned.  It  met  again  on  the  tenth  of 
June,  after  a  recess  of  probably  less  than  a  week.  The  first  bus- 
iness presented  was  this  Report :  — 

"  The  answers  of  the  Committee  unto  the. matters  proposed  to 
their  consideration  by  the  honored  General  Court : 

"  1.  Concerning  our  liberties. 

"  1.  We  conceive  the  patent  (under  God)  to  be  the  first  and 
main  foundation  of  our  civil  polity  here,  by  a  Governor  and  Com- 
pany, according  as  is  therein  expressed. 

"  2.  The  Governor  and  Company  are,  by  the  patent,  a  body 
politic,  in  fact  and  name. 

"  3.  This  body  politic  is  vested  with  power  to  make  freemen. 

"  4.  These  freemen  have  power  to  choose  annually  a  Governor, 
Deputy  Governor,  Assistants,  and  their  select  representatives  or 
deputies. 

"  5.  This  government  hath  also  [power]  to  set  up  all  sorts  of 
officers,  as  well  superior  as  inferior,  and  point  out  their  power 
and  places. 

"  6.  The  Governor,  Deputy  Governor,  Assistants,  and  select 
representatives  or  deputies  have  full  power  and  authority,  both 
legislative  and  executive,  for  the  government  of  all  the  people 
here,  whether  inhabitants  or  strangers,  both  concerning  ecclesias- 
tics and  in  civils,  without  appeal,  excepting  law,  or  laws  repug- 
nant to  the  laws  of  England. 

"  7.  The  government  is  privileged  by  all  fitting  means  (yea, 
and  if  need  be,  by  force  of  arms),  to  defend  themselves,  both  by 
land  and  sea,  against  all  such  person  or  persons  as  shall  at  any 
time  attempt  or  enterprise  the  destruction,  invasion,  detriment,  or 
annoyance  of  this  plantation  or  the  inhabitants  therein,  besides 
other  privileges  mentioned  in  the  patent,  not  here  expressed. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  71 

"  8.  We  conceive  any  imposition  prejudicial  to  the  country 
contrary  to  any  just  law  of  ours,  not  repugnant  to  the  laws  of 
England,  to  be  an  infringement  of  our  right. 

"  2.  Concerning  our  duties  of  allegiance  to  our  sovereign  lord 
the  King. 

"  1.  We  ought  to  uphold  and  to  our  power  maintain  this  place, 
as  of  right  belonging  to  our  sovereign  lord  the  King,  as  holden  of 
his  majesty's  manor  of  East  Greenwich,  and  not  to  subject  the 
same  to  any  foreign  prince  or  potentate  whatsoever. 

"  2.  We  ought  to  endeavor  the  preservation  of  his  majesty's 
royal  person,  realms,  and  dominions,  and  so  far  as  lieth  in  us,  to 
discover  and  prevent  all  plots  and  conspiracies  against  the  same, 

"  3.  We  ought  to  seek  the  peace  and  prosperity  of  our  king 
and  nation,  by  a  faithful  discharge  in  the  governing  of  this  peo- 
ple committed  to  our  care.  (1.)  By  punishing  all  such  crimes 
(being  breaches  of  the  first  or  second  table)  as  are  committed 
against  the  peace  of  our  sovereign  lord  the  King,  his  royal  crown 
and  dignity.  (2.)  In  propagating  the  gospel,  defending  and  up- 
holding tTie  true  Christian  or  Protestant  religion  according  to  the 
faith  given  by  our  Lord  Christ  in  his  word ;  our  dread  sovereign 
being  styled  '  Defender  of  the  faith.' 

"  The  premises  considered,  it  may  well  stand  with  the  loyalty 
and  obedience  of  such  subjects  as  are  thus  privileged  by  their 
rightful  sovereign  (for  himself,  his  heirs  and  successors  forever), 
as  cause  shall  require,  to  plead  with  their  prince  against  all  such 
as  shall  at  any  time  endeavor  the  violation  of  their  privileges. 

"  We  further  judge  that  the  warrant  and  letter  from  the 
King's  majesty,  for  the  apprehending  of  Col.  Whalley  and  Col. 
Goffe,  ought  to  be  diligently  and  faithfully  executed  by  the 
authority  of  this  country. 

"  And,  also,  that  the  General  Court  may  do  safely  to  declare, 
that  in  case  (for  the  future)  any  legally  obnoxious,  and  flying 
from  the  civil  justice  of  the  state  of  England,  shall  come  over  to 
these  parts,  they  may  not  here  expect  shelter. 

"  Boston  10.  4m.  1661.  By  order  and  consent  of  the  Com- 
mittee. "  THO.  DANFOKTH. 

"  The  Court  allows  and  approves  of  the  return  of  the  Com- 
mittee." l 

On  the  last  day  of  the  year  1661,  the  General  Court  deter- 
mined to  send  "  Mr.  Symon  Bradstreet  and  Mr.  John  Norton  " 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii.)  24-26. 


72  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

to  England,  as  special  agents.  Among  their  instructions  were 
these  :  "  1.  You  shall  present  us  to  his  majesty  as  his  loyal  and 
obedient  subjects."  "  (4.)  You  shall  not  engage  us  by  any  act  of 
yours  to  anything  which  may  be  prejudicial  to  our  present  stand- 
ing according  to  patent."  1  The  agents  were  received  more  fa- 
vorably than  they  expected,  and  returned  with  a  gracious  letter 
from  the  King.  This  letter  was  read  in  Court,  Oct.  8,  1662.  In 
consequence  of  the  King's  declaration  therein,  "  We  will  pre- 
serve and  do  hereby  confirm  the  patent  and  charter  heretofore 
granted  unto  them  by  our  royal  father  of  blessed  memory,  and 
they  shall  fully  enjoy  all  the  privileges  and  liberties  granted  to 
them  in  and  by  the  same,"  —  the  Court  appointed  a  special 
thanksgiving,  making  mention  of  "  the  safe  and  speedy  return  of 
our  public  messengers  sent  for  England,  together  with  the  contin- 
uance of  the  mercies  of  peace,  liberties,  and  the  gospel ;  "  and  on 
the  same  day  it  was  further  ordered,  "  that  henceforth  all  writs, 
process,  with  indictments,  shall  by  all  magistrates,  the  secretary, 
clerk  of  the  several  courts  and  writs,  be  made  and  sent  forth  in 
his  Majesty's  name,  i.  e.,  you  are  hereby  required  in  his  Majesty's 
name,  etc.,  any  usage  or  custom  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding." 
Some  of  the  other  requisitions,  especially  those  interfering  with 
their  ecclesiastical  polity,  were  very  unwelcome,  and  the  Court 
was  not  ready  to_comply.  "  The  Court,  having  duly  considered 
of  his  Majesty's  letters  now  in  Court,  and  the  contents  thereof, 
do  hereby  order  the  publication  thereof.  And  forasmuch  as  the 
said  letter  hath  influence  upon  the  churches  as  well  as  the  civil 
state,  it  is  further  ordered,  that  all  manner  of  actings  in  relation 
thereunto  be  suspended  until  the  next  General  Court,  that  so  all 
persons  concerned  may  have  time  and  opportunity  to  consider  of 
what  is  necessary  to  be  done,  in  order  to  his  Majesty's  pleasure 
therein."  2 

In  their  answer  to  the  King's  letter,  after  expressing  thankful- 
ness  for  his  confirmation   of  the  charter,  the  Court  say  :  "  As 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii.)  37.    Loyalty  whereof  he  is  a  member,  and  unto  which 

to  the  king  was  held  to  be  qualified  or  he  is  sworn  formerly.    Boston  the  24th  of 

modified  by  the  provisions   of  the  char-  May,  1665.     DANIEL  GOOKIN." 

ter;  two  examples  are  preserved  in  the  "Before  I  take  the  oath  of  allegiance 

Mass.  Archives,  cvi.  132,  133.     "Daniel  to   his   Majesty,   which   I   am   ready   to 

Gookin,  before  he  took  the  oath  of  allegi-  do,  I  do  declare  that  I  will  be  so  under- 

ance  in  Court,  May  24th,  1665,  did  openly  stood  as  not  to  infringe  the  liberty  and 

and  plainly  declare  that  in  taking   that  privileges  granted  in  his  Majesty's  royal 

oath  he  would  be  so  understood  as  not  to  charter  to  this  Colony  of  the  Massachu- 

infringe  the  liberty  and  privileges  granted  setts.      THOMAS    DANFORTH.      26    (3) 

in   his    Majesty's    royal   charter    to   the  1665." 

Governor  and  Company  of  Massachusetts,  2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii.)  58. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  73 

touching  the  further  purport  of  the  letter,  we  have  this  particular 
account  to  givevviz  :  for  the  repealing  of  all  laws  here  established 
since  the  late  changes,  contrary  and  derogatory  to  his  Majesty's 
authority  and  government,  we  having  considered  thereof,  are  not 
conscious  to  any  of  that  tendency.  Concerning  the  oath  of  alle- 
giance, we  are  readily  to  attend  to  it  as  formerly,  according  to 
the  charter.  Touching  the  administration  of  justice  in  his  Majes- 
ties name,  hath  been  done,  the  practice  whereof,  which  was  dis- 
continued in  the  late  changes,  is  now  reassumed.  Concerning 
liberty  to  use  the  common  Prayer  Book,  none  as  yet  among  us 
have  appeared  to  desire  it.  Touching  administration  of  the  sac- 
raments, this  matter  hath  been  under  consideration  of  a  synod, 
orderly  called,  the  result  whereof  our  last  General  Court  com- 
mended to  the  several  congregations,  and  we  hope  will  have  a 
tendency  to  general  satisfaction.  In  reference  to  our  elections  of 
magistrates,  we  humbly  answer,  that  it  hath  always  been,  and  is, 
great  care  and  endeavor,  that  men  of  wisdom,  virtue  and  integ- 
rity be  chosen  to  places  of  trust ;  and  to  that  end,  that  such  as 
vote  in  elections  should  be  orthodox  in  religion,  virtuous  (and 
not  vicious)  in  conversation,  and  all  those  that  according  to  the 
orders  and  customs  of  the  colony  here  established,  agreeable  to 
the  provisions  of  our  charter,  having  proved  themselves  to  be 
such  in  their  places  where  they  live,  have  from_time  to  time  been 
admitted  in  our  elections  ;  and  if  anything  yeT  remain  to  be  acted 
by  us  respecting  the  premises,  it  is  under  consideration  among  us 
to  that  end.  We  humbly  desire  your  honor  will  be  pleased  to 
assure  his  Majesty  of  the  loyalty  and  good  affection  of  his  sub- 
jects here,  they  resting  secure  in  their  charter  and  his  Majesty's 
gracious  aspect  towards  them."  1 

This  letter,  manifesting  the  same  spirit  which  was  exhibited  a 
hundred  years  afterwards,  —  personal  loyalty  to  the  King,  but 
an  unwillingness  to  submit  to  the  arbitrary  government  of  a 
Council  or  Parliament  in  which  they  were  not  represented,  — 
was  not  satisfactory  to  the  English  Government ;  and  after  some 
further  correspondence,  a  board  of  commissioners,  consisting  of 
Col.  Richard  Nichols,  Sir  Robert  Carr,  George  Cartwright,  Esq., 
and  Samuel  Maverick,  Esq.,  was  appointed  in  1664,  to  visit  the 
New  England  Colonies  and  enforce  their  subjection.  A  long 
controversy,  shrewdly  managed  on  the  part  of  the  Court,  resulted 
in  the  departure  of  the  commissioners  without  having  accom- 
plished their  object.  The  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  were  not 
1  Danforth  Papers,  in  Cdl.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xviii.  47,  48. 


74  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

backward  in  rendering  encouragement  to  their  magistrates.  At 
a  special  session,  commencing  Oct.  19,  1664,  — "  The  Court 
being  met  together  and  informed  that  several  persons,  inhab- 
itants of  Cambridge,  were  at  the  door  and  desiring  liberty  to 
make  known  their  errand,  were  called  in,  and  Mr.  Edward  Jack- 
son, Mr.  Richard  Jackson,  Mr.  Edward  Oakes,  and  Deacon  Stone, 
coming  before  the  Court,  presented  a  petition  from  the  inhab- 
itants of  Cambridge,  which  was  subscribed  by  very  many  hands, 
in  which  they  testified  and  declared  their  good  content  and  satis- 
faction they  took  and  had  in  the  present  government  in  church 
and  commonwealth,  with  their  resolution  to  be  assisting  to  and 
encouraging  the  same,  and  humbly  desiring  all  means  might 
be  used  for  the  continuance  and  preservation  thereof :  and  at 
the  same  time  and  the  next  day  several  petitions  of  like  nature 
from  Wooborne,  Dorchester,  Redding,  Chelmsford,  Concord, 
Billirrikey,  Boston,  Dedham,  and  Meadfield,  and  also  one  from 
several  inhabitants  of  Roxbury,  all  which  are  on  file." 1  The 
Cambridge  petition  is  here  inserted,  partly  on  account  of  its 
patriotic  spirit,  and  partly  to  preserve  the  list  of  names  appended 
to  it :  — 

"  To  the  honoured  Generall  Court  of  Massachusetts  Colonie. 
The  humble  representation  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  towne  of 
Cambridg. 

"  For  as  much  as  we  have  heard  that  theire  have  beene  repre- 
sentations made  unto  his  Maiesty  conserning  divisions  among  us 
and  dissatisfactions  about  the  present  goverment  of  this  colonie  ; 
we  whose  names  are  under  written,  the  inhabitants  and  house- 
holders of  the  towne  above  mentioned,  doe  hearby  testify  our  un- 
animous satisfaction  in  and  adhearing  to  the  present  government 
so  long  and  orderly  estableshed,  and  our  earnest  desire  of  the  con- 
tinuance theirof  and  of  all  the  liberties  and  privileges  pertaining 
theirunto  which  are  contained  in  the  charter  granted  by  King 
James  and  King  Charles  the  First  of  famous  memory,  under  the 
encouredgment  and  security  of  which  charter  we  or  our  fathers 
ventered  over  the  ocean  into  this  wildernesse  through  great 
hazards,  charges,  and  difficulties  ;  and  we  humbly  desire  our  hon- 
ored General  Court  would  addresse  themselves  by  humble  petition 
to  his  Maiesty  for  his  royall  favour  in  the  continuance  of  the  pres- 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii )  136,  137.  Archives  to  the  Judicial  Court  Files  for 
The  Cambridge  petition,  for  some  reason,  Suffolk  County,  in  the  Court  House, 
has  been  removed  from  the  Massachusetts  Boston. 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


75 


ent  estableshment  and  of  all  the  previleges  theirof,  and  that  we 
may  not  be  subjected  to  the  arbitrary  power  of  any  who  are  not 
chosen  by  this  people  according  to  theire  patent, 
"Cambrid":  the  17th  of  the  8.  1664. 


"  CHARLES  CHAUNCY. 

EDWARD  OAKES. 

SAML.L  ANDRE  WE. 

JONATHAN  MITCHELL. 

ELIJAH  CORLETT. 

RICHARD  CHAMPNY. 

EDMUND  FROST. 

GREGORY  STONE. 

JOHN  BRIDGE. 

JOHN  STEDMAN. 

FFRANCIS  WHITMOR. 

RICHARD  JACKSON. 

EDWARD  SHEPHARD. 

GILBERT  X  CRACBON. 

JOHN  Fi  SEND  EN. 
JOHN  COOPER. 
ABRAHAM  ERRINGTOON. 

HUMFRY  BRADSHA. 
JOHN  GIBSON. 
RICHARD  HASSELL. 
DANILL  KEMPSTER. 
THOMAS  X  Fox. 
GEORGE  X  WILLIS. 
THOMAS  X  HALL. 
RICHARD  DANA. 
NICOLAS  X  WYTHE. 
THOMAS  CHESHOLM. 
SAMUEL  GREEN. 
THO.  SWETMAN. 
RICHARD  ROBINS. 
WILLIAM  DIKSONE. 
RICHARD  ECCLES. 
THOMAS  LONGHORNE. 
JOHN  WATSONN. 
ROGER  X  BUKK. 
ANDREW  X  STEVENSON. 
JOHN  X  PARENTS. 
JAMES  HUBBARD. 
ROBERT  X  WILSON. 
ROB.  X  PARKER. 
JOHN  X  BOUTTELL. 


ROBERT  STEDMAN. 
THOMAS  CHENY. 
WILLYAM  X  HEALLY. 
JOHN  PALFRAY. 

FFRANCTS    MOORE,  S6nr. 

JOHN  GOVE. 
WILL  X  MICHELSON. 
EDWARD  HALL. 
WILLIAM  BARRETT. 
JOHN  HOLMAN. 
WILL.  BORDMAN. 
ZACHARYE  HICKS. 
SAML.L  MANNING. 
RICHARD  CUTTER. 
JOHN  GREEN. 
FFRA.  MOORE,  junr. 
JOHN  X  ADAMS. 
BEINIMAN  CRACKBONE. 
JOHN  MARRITT. 
NATHANELL  HANCOCKE. 
WILLYAM  TOWN. 
ABRAHAM  HOLMAN. 
JOHN  SHEPHARD. 
SAMUELL  FROST. 
WALTER  HASTING. 
NATH.  GREEN. 
ESTER  GOSSOM. 
PETER  TOWNE. 
EDWARD  MITCHELLSON. 
ANDREW  BELCHER. 
EDMUND  ANGIER. 
RICHARD  PARK. 
JOSKPH  COOKE. 
JERMIE  FISMAN. 
JOHN  TALLER. 
DANIEL  CHEEAVER. 
JOHN  ELIOT. 
EDWARD  JACKSON. 
SAMUELL  HADEN. 
JOHN  JACKSON. 
GREGORY  COOKE. 


76  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

JOHN  X  PARKER.  JOHN  WINTOR. 

MATHEW  X  BOONE.  JOHN  COLLAR. 

THOMAS  HAMMOND,  senyor.  JOSEPH  MIRIAM. 

THOMAS  HAMMOND,  junyor.  ISACK  STARNES. 

VINCENT  X  DRUSE,  junyor.  DAVID  FISKE. 

JOHN  X  HANCHET.  SOLOMON  PRENTES. 

JOB  X  HIDES.  JOSEPH  SILL. 

SAMUELL  X  HYDES.  SAMUELL  HASTING. 

REBECCAH  X  DANIELL.  RICHARD  X  FRANCES. 

JONATHAN  HIDES.  ROBART  X  BROWN. 

DAVID  STONE.  THOMAS  X  BROWN. 

SAMUELL  STONE.  JOHN  SWAN." 
JEAMES  X  CUTLER. 

"  We,  whose  names  are  subscribed,  being  of  the  traine  band 
and  singell  men  in  the  above  sayd  town,  doe  also  desire  to  mani- 
fest ourselves  to  be  of  the  same  mynd  with  our  parents,  masters, 
and  the  aged  men  and  housholders  of  the  place. 

"THOMAS  OLIVER.  JOHN  HASTINS. 

JONATHAN  JACKSON.  JOHN  MORE. 

JOHN  JACKSON.  JOHN  HOLIS. 

SEBEIS  JACKSON.  GERSHOM  FROST. 

STEVKN  COOKE.  ABRAHAM  X  HOWELL. 

JACOB  GOBLE.  BENIAMAN  X  RUSSELL. 

JOSEPH  X  STEVENES.  SAMEUEL  BUCKE. 

DANIEL  CHAMPNES.  JOSEPH  FFROST. 

JOHN  STEAD  MAN.  WILLIAM  REYLE. 

THOMAS  GATES.  SAMUELL  X  GARRY. 

ARTHER  X  HENBURY.  NATH.  PATTEN. 

ROBART  X  SHEPAHD.  STEPHEN  FRANCES. 

DANIELL  X  PRAT.  REUBEN  LUXFFORD. 

PHILIP  EASTMAN.  SAMUELL  X  ROBINES. 

ARTHUR  CALL.  BENONY  X  EATON. 

THOMAS  MARRITT.  RODGER  CHANDLER. 

JOSEPH  PRATT.  JOSEPH  HOLME." 
THOMAS  FFLEDG. 

It  does  not  appear  that  Cambridge,  in  its  corporate  capacity, 
was  actively  engaged  in  the  political  contest  which  continued, 
with  scarcely  any  intermission,  for  more  than  twenty  years  ;  but 
there  is  the  best  evidence  that  its  representative  men  were 
among  the  most  active  leaders  in  opposition  to  the  arbitrary 
measures  of  the  English  court.  Edward  Randolph,  "  the  arch 
enemy  of  the  Colony,"  addressing  the  Lords  of  Trade  in  1676, 
says :  "  Amongst  the  Magistrates,  some  are  good  men  and  well  af- 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  77 

fected  to  his  Majesty,  and  would  be  well  satisfied  to  have  his  Maj- 
esty's authority  in  a  better  manner  established;  but  the  major  part 
are  of  different  principles,  having  been  in  the  government  from 
the  time  they  formed  themselves  into  a  Commonwealth.  These 
direct  and  manage  all  affairs  as  they  please,  of  which  number 
are  Mr.  Leverett,  Governor,  —  Mr.  Symons,  Deputy  Governor,  — 
Mr.  Danforth,  Mr.  Ting,  Major  Clarke,  and  Major  Hathorn, 
still  continued  a  magistrate,  though  commanded  by  his  Majesty 
upon  his  allegiance  to  come  into  England,  yet  refused,  being  en- 
couraged in  his  disobedience  by  a  vote  of  the  Court  not  to  appear, 
upon  some  reasons  best  known  to  themselves.  These,  with  some 
few  others  of  the  same  faction,  keep  the  country  in  subjection 
and  slavery,  backed  with  the  authority  of  a  pretended  charter."  1 

To  the  Bishop  of  London  he  writes,  May  29,  1682,  "  I  think  I 
have  so  clearly  layd  downe  the  matter  of  fact,  sent  over  their 
lawes  and  orders  to  confirine  what  I  have  wrote,  that  they  can- 
not deny  them  :  however,  if  commanded,  I  will  readily  pass  the 
seas  to  attend  at  Whitehall,  especially  if  Dan  ford,  Goggin,  and 
Newell,  magistrates,  and  Cooke,  Hutchinson  and  Fisher,  mem- 
bers of  their  late  General  Court  and  great  opposers  of  the  honest 
Governor  and  majestrates,  be  sent  for  to  appeare  before  his  Maj- 
esty ;  till  which  time  this  country  will  always  be  a  shame  as  well 
as  inconveniency  to  the  government  at  home."2  Soon  afterwards, 
June  14,  1682,  he  writes  to  the  Earl  of  Clarendon,  "  His  Majes- 
ties quo  warranto  against  their  charter,  and  sending  for  Thomas 
Danforth,  Samuel  Nowell,  a  late  factious  preacher  and  now  a 
magistrate,  and  Daniel  Fisher  and  Elisha  Cooke,  deputies,  to  at- 
tend and  answer  the  articles  of  high  inisdemeanures  I  have  now 
exhibited  against  them  in  my  papers  sent  Mr.  Blaithwait  per 
Capt.  Foy,  will  make  the  whole  faction  tremble."  3 

"  During  these  distresses  of  the  colony,"  says  Hutchinson  in 
1681,  "  there  were  two  parties  subsisting  in  the  government,  both 
of  them  agreed  in  the  importance  of  the  charter  privileges,  but 
differing  in  opinion  upon  the  extent  of  them,  and  upon  the  proper 
measures  to  preserve  them.  The  governor,  Mr.  Bradstreet,  was 
at  the  head  of  the  moderate  party.  Randolph  in  all  his  letters 

takes  notice  of  it Mr.  Stoughton,  Mr.  Dudley,  and  William 

Brown  of  Salem,  these  fell  in  with  the  Governor.  The  deputy 
governor,  Mr.  Danforth,  was  at  the  head  of  the  other  party :  the 
principal  members  of  the  court  with  him  were  Major  Gookins  of 
Cambridge,  Peter  Tilton  of  Hadley,  Elisha  Cooke  and  Elisha 

1  Hutch.  Coll.,  p  499.  2  Ibid.,  532.  8  Ibid.,  535. 


78  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

Hutchinson  of  Boston.  This  party  opposed  the  sending  over 
agents,  the  submitting  to  acts  of  trade,  &c.,  and  were  for  adher- 
ing to  their  charter  according  to  their  construction  of  it,  and 
leaving  the  event.  Gookins,  being  aged,  desired  a  paper  he  drew 
up  as  his  dying  testimony,  might  be  lodged  with  the  court,  con- 
taining the  reasons  of  his  opinion."  1 

Through  the  whole  of  this  protracted  controversy,  Danforth 
and  Gookin,  together  with  the  Deputies  from  Cambridge,  con- 
tinued firm  in  their  resistance  to  the  arbitrary  measures  of  the 
English  government.  They  were  at  last  overpowered,  however, 
and  the  Colony  was  reduced  to  a  state  little  better  than  slavery. 
On  the  25th  day  of  May,  1686,  Joseph  Dudley,  the  newly  ap- 
pointed President,  with  his  Council,  assumed  the  government  of 
the  Colony,  the  charter  having  been  abrogated.  A  few  months 
later,  Dec.  20,  1686,  he  was  superseded  by  Sir  Edmund  Andros, 
who  had  been  appointed  Governor  of  New  England. 

1  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  331. 


CHAPTER   VIII. 

CIVIL  HISTORY. 

As  early  as  1654,  some  of  the  inhabitants  upon  the  south  side  of 
the  River  commenced  a  movement,  which  resulted,  seven  years 
afterwards,  in  an  order  of  the  General  Court,  that  all  who  resided 
nuore  than  four  miles  from  the  meeting-house  should  "  be  freed 
from  contributing  towards  the  ministry  on  the  north  side  the 
river,"  so  long  "  as  the  south  side  the  river  shall  maintain  an 
able  ministry."  1  This  was  not  wholly  satisfactory,  and  a  peti- 
tion for  more  extensive  privileges  was  presented  to  the  General 
Court,  Oct.  18,  1672,  but  action  thereon  was  postponed  until  the 
next  session,  May  7,  1673,  at  which  time  this  record  is  found  : 
"  In  answer  to  the  petition  of  Mr.  Edward  Jackson  and  John 
Jackson  in  behalf  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  Village,  on 
the  south  side  of  Charles  River,  this  Court  doth  judge  meet  to 
grant  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  village  annually  to  elect  one 
constable  and  three  selectmen,  dwelling  among  themselves,  to 
order  their  prudential  affairs  of  the  inhabitants  there  according 
to  law,  only  continuing  a  part  of  Cambridge  in  paying  country 
and  county  rates,  as  also  town  rates  so  far  as  refers  to  the  gram- 
mar school  and  bridge,  and  also  pay  their  proportion  of  the 
charges  of  the  deputies  of  Cambridge,  and  this  to  be  an  issue  to 
the  controversy  between  Cambridge  and  them."  2  But  the  peo- 
ple were  not  content  to  be  a  precinct.  Accordingly  at  the  session 
of  the  General  Court,  commencing  May  8,  1678,  a  petition  was 
presented  for  incorporation  as  a  town  :  — 

"  To  the  honored  Governor,  Deputy  Governor,  together  with 
the  honored  Magistrates  and  Deputies  of  the  General  Court,  now 
sitting  in  Boston. 

"  The  humble  petition  of  us,  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge 
Village,  on  the  south  side  of  Charles  River,  showeth,  that  the 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii.)  16.  2  Ibid.,  555. 


80  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

late  war,  as  it  hath  been  a  great  charge  to  the  whole  Colony,  so 
to  us  in  particular,  both  in  our  estates  and  persons,  by  loss  of  life 
to  some,  and  others  wounded  and  disabled  for  their  livelihood, 
besides  all  our  other  great  charges  in  building  of  our  meeting- 
house and  of  late  enlargement  to  it,  as  also  our  charge  to  the 
minister's  house.  And,  as  you  know,  the  Lord  took  that  worthy 
person  from  us  in  a  little  time,  and  now  in  great  mercy  hath 
raised  up  another  in  the  place,  who  hath  a  house  in  building  for 
him,  which  requires  assistance  :  As  also  we  are  now,  by  the  great 
mercy  of  God,  so  many  families  that  a  school  is  required  for  the 
education  of  our  children  according  to  law,  besides  our  public 
charge  of  the  place.  Yet,  notwithstanding,  this  last  year,  the 
Townsmen  of  Cambridge  have  imposed  a  tax  upon  us,  amount- 
ing to  the  sum  of  three  country  Rates,  without  our  knowledge  or 
consent,  which  we  humbly  conceive  is  very  harsh  proceeding  "for 
any  Townsmen  of  their  own  will  and  power  to  impose  upon  the 
inhabitants  what  taxes  they  please,  and  to  what  end,  without 
ever  calling  the  inhabitants  to  consider  about  such  charge. 
Nevertheless,  for  peace  sake,  the  inhabitants  of  our  place  did 
meet  together  and  jointly  consent  to  give  the  town  of  Cambridge 
the  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds,  and  to  pay  it  in  three  years, 
without  desiring  any  profit  or  benefit  from  them  of  wood,  timber, 
or  common  lands,  but  only  our  freedom,  being  content  with  our 
own  proprieties,  which  some  of  us  had  before  Cambridge  had  any 
right  there  :  which  tender  of  ours  they  having  rejected,  as  also 
to  grant  to  us  our  freedom  from  them,  we  do  most  humbly  com- 
mend our  distressed  condition  to  the  justice  and  mercy  of  this 
honored  Court,  that  you  will  please  to  grant  us  our  freedom  from 
Cambridge  and  that  we  may  be  a  township  of  ourselves,  without 
any  more  dependence  upon  Cambridge,  which  hath  been  a  great 
charge  and  burden  to  us  ;  and  also  that  you  would  please  to  give 
the  place  a  name,  and  if  there  should  be  any  objection  against  us 
that  the  honored  Court  will  admit  our  reply  and  defence.  So 
hoping  the  Almighty  will  assist  you  in  all  your  concerns,  we  rest 
your  humble  petitioners. 

"Mu.  EDWARD  JACKSON.  THOMAS  PRENTICE,  junr. 

CAPT.  THOMAS   PRENTICK.  JOHN  KENRICK,  junr. 

JOHN  FULLER,  senr.  JOHN  MASON. 

JOHN  KENKICK,  seiir.  WM.  ROBINSON. 

ISAAC  WILLIAMS.  THOMAS  GREENWOOD. 

JOHN  WARD.  JOHN  PARKER  (south). 

JOSEPH  MILLER.  HUMPHREY  OSLAND. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  81 

JOSEPH  BARTLETT.  SAMUEL  HIDES,  junr. 

ISAAC  BACON.  NOAH  MCDANIEL. 

JACOB  BACON.  JOHN  FULLER,  junr. 

SAMUEL   TRUSDALE.  JOSHUA  FULLER. 

SIMON  ONGE.  JOHN  ALEXANDER. 

JONATHAN  FULLER.  JOHN  PRENTICE. 

JONATHAN  HIDES,  sen1.  NATHL.  HAMMOND. 

THOMAS  PARKES,  senr.  JOB  HIDES. 

JAMES  TROWBRIDGE.  JOHN  PARKER  (east). 

NOAH  WISWALL.  WIDOW  JACKSON. 

THOMAS    HAMMOND.  EDWD.  JACKSON,  junr. 

JONATHAN  HIDES,  junr.  DANIEL  KEY. 

JAMES  PRENTICE,  senr.  THOS.  PRENTICE,  junr. 

DAVID  MEADS.  ABRAHAM  JACKSON. 

VINCENT  DRUSSE.  STEPHEN  COOKE. 

JOHN  HIDES.  RICHARD  PARKS. 

EBENR.  WISWALL.  JOSEPH  FULLER. 

ELIAH  KENRICK.  ISAAC  BEACH. 

SEBEAS  JACKSON.  PETER  HANCHET."  1 

The  historian  of  Newton  says  this  petition  "  was  no  doubt 
drawn  up  by  Mr.  Edward  Jackson,  senior."  He  adds  a  list  of 
"  Freemen  in  the  Village  who  did  not  sign  this  petition," 2 
namely :  — 

"  Rev.  Nehemiah  Hobart.  Daniel  Bacon. 

Elder  Thomas  Wiswall.  John  Spring. 

Dea.  Samuel  Hyde.  Daniel  McCoy. 

John  Woodward.  John  Park. 

Henry  Segar.  Samuel  Hyde,  Son  of  Jona. 

Thomas  Park,  junr.  James  Prentice,  junr." 

"  In  answer  to  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge 
Village,  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  the  Court  judgeth  it  meet 
to  grant  them  a  hearing  of  the  case  mentioned  on  the  first  Tues- 
day of  the  next  session  in  October,  and  all  parties  concerned  are 
ordered  to  have  timely  notice."  3 

At  the  time  appointed,  a  long  protest  was  presented  by  the 
Selectmen  of  Cambridge,  a  part  of  which  was  printed  in  Jack- 
son's "  History  of  Newton,"  pp.  53-60.  Notwithstanding  its 
length,  it  is  here  inserted  in  full,  on  account  of  the  historical 
facts  mentioned  in  it,  and  the  picture  it  presents  of  the  general 
condition  of  affairs  :  — 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxii.  250.  «  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  v.  188,  189. 

a  Jackson's  Hist,  of  Newton,  50,  52. 
6 


82  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

"  The  answer  of  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge  to  the  petition 
exhibited  against  them  by  their  Brethren  and  Neighbors  of  the 
Village  on  the  South  Side  of  Charles  River. 

"  To  omit  what  they  express  by  way  of  narration,  declaring 
'  the  loss  of  lives  and  estates  to  them  sustained  by  the  late  war, 
the  death  of  their  former  minister  and  their  having  now  got  an- 
other for  whom  a  house  is  building,'  &c.  —  the  impertinency  and 
absurdity  of  their  argument  therein  being  obvious  to  all  intelli- 
gent minds,  —  we  shall  only  concern  ourselves  with  what  they 
make  the  main  of  their  petition,  which  may  be  divided  into  these 
two  parts : 

"  I.  The  cause  on  our  part,  viz.  the  hard  usage  by  the  Towns- 
men of  Cambridge,  i.  e.  imposing  upon  them  a  tax  of  their  own 
will  and  power,  and  what  they  please,  and  to  what  end  they 
please. 

"For  answer  hereunto,  the  Cambridge  Townsmen  have  im- 
posed a  tax  (as  they  call  it)  if  they  intend  no  more  than  the 
making  of  a  rate  for  the  paying  of  the  charges  of  the  whole  town, 
and  putting  upon  them  their  just  proportion  of  the  charge  of 
those  things,  properly  belonging  to  them  to  bear  their  part  of, 
according  to  the  order  of  the  General  Court  with  reference  to 
them,  made  May  7th,  1673,  and  then  declared  to  be  the  issue  of 
the  controversy  between  the  town  and  the  petitioners,  thus  far 
we  own  to  be  a  truth.  But  whereas  they  charge  us  that  we 
have  thus  done,  1,  of  our  own  will,  2,  of  our  own  power,  3,  what 
we  please,  4,  to  what  end  we  please,  —  these  are  high  and  sad 
accusations  which  we  cannot  own  to  be  true :  for  1st  it  was  not 
by  our  will  that  any  taxes  have  been  imposed  on  them  or  any 
other  of  the  inhabitants,  but  their  own  will,  so  declared  in  orderly 
town-meetings,  legally  warned,  whereat  themselves  either  were  or 
might  have  been  present  and  had  their  votes.  2.  Nor  was  it  of 
our  own  power,  but  by  the  authority  of  the  General  Court,  com- 
mitting to  us  by  the  law,  as  we  are  Selectmen  of  the  town, 
power  for  the  ordering  of  the  prudentials  of  the  town  and  levy- 
ing what  is  necessary  for  the  payment  of  the  annual  disburse- 
ments regularly  made  for  the  town's  occasions.  3.  Nor  have  we 
imposed  upon  the  town  in  general,  or  the  petitioners,  what  we 
please.  The  rule  that  we  have  observed  in  raising  our  rates  be- 
ing to  make  them  no  greater  than  is  of  absolute  necessity  for  the 
payment  of  the  town's  debts,  and  most  an  end  falling  consider- 
ably short  by  reason  of  the  town's  poverty,  and  upon  each  in- 
habitant in  particular  according  to  a  list  of  their  persons  and 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  83 

rateable  estates.  4.  Nor  have  we  improved  the  moneys  raised 
to  what  end  we  please,  but  have  faithfully  disposed  of  the  same 
for  the  end  for  which  we  raised  it,  namely,  the  payment  of  the 
town's  just  debts.  If  herein  we  have  transgressed  the  line  of  our 
power,  we  beg  pardon  (and  direction  for  the  future)  of  this  hon- 
ored Court.  If  our  accusers  shall  deny  the  truth  of  what  we 
assert,  either  in  general  or  any  one  article,  we  crave  liberty  to 
put  in  our  further  defence  and  evidence. 

"  II.  That  which  is  the  rmain  of  their  petition  they  thus  ex- 
press, viz.,  '  that  we  may  be  a  township  of  ourselves,  without  any 
more  dependence  on  Cambridge.'  And  this  their  petition  they 
strengthen  with  two  arguments  ;  the  1st  is  prefatory  to  their  peti- 
tion, wherein  they  say  '  they  plead  only  for  their  freedom,  being 
content  with  their  own  propriety  ; '  the  2d  is  subsequent  '  because 
their  dependence  on  Cambridge  hath  been  a  great  charge  and 
burthen  to  them.' 

"•  We  shall  begin  with  their  arguments  why  they  would  be 
freed  from  Cambridge.  To  the  1st,  whereas  they  say  that  they 
plead  only  for  their  freedom,  being  content  with  their  own  pro- 
prieties, we  answer,  1.  That  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  now 
dwelling  on  the  north  side  of  Charles  River  have  well  nigh  three 
thousand  acres  of  land  that  is  laid  out  into  several  lots,  some  ten, 
some  twenty,  some  forty,  acres,  more  or  less,  that  they  are  at  this 
time  seised  of,  and  by  them  kept  for  herbage,  timber,  wood,  and 
planting  lands,  as  they  shall  have  occasion  for  to  use  the  same, 
all  which  is  by  the  petitioners  included  within  the  line  of  division 
between  the  town  and  them  :  and  therefore  they  do  not  say  words 
of  truth  when  they  say  they  are  content  with  their  own  proprie- 
ties. 2.  Nor  is  it  true  that  they  plead  only  for  freedom  ;  for  they 
having  obtained  these  our  lands  and  proprieties  to  be  within  the 
line  of  that  division  and  payable  to  the  ministry,  they  would  be- 
come our  masters  and  charge  us  for  our  lands  and  cattle  that  we 
shall  put  thereon  to  all  their  common  charges,  if  they  may  obtain 
to  be  a  distinct  township. 

"  To  their  2d  argument,  viz.  that  their  dependence  on  Cam- 
bridge hath  been  a  great  charge  and  burden  to  them.  For  an- 
swer hereto,  1st  we  shall  say  something  that  hath  reference  to 
them  more  generally,  and  2d,  we  shall  distinguish  between  the 
persons  that  are  petitioners,  and  speak  something  more  particu- 
larly. 1.  More  generally.  They  well  know,  before  their  settle- 
ment in  that  place,  that  all  those  lands  that  they  now  petition 
for  did  belong  to  Cambridge,  and  were  the  grant  of  the  General 


84  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Court  to  them,  for  their  enabling  to  maintain  the  ordinances  of 
God  among  them,  and  all  other  common  charges  inevitably  aris- 
ing in  a  township  ;  so  that  what  they  call  a  burden  will  appear 
to  be  no  more  than  their  duty  which  they  owe  to  the  town  ;  and 
if,  in  that  sense,  charge  and  burden  may  be  admitted  as  a  just 
plea,  may  not  the  servant  as  well  petition  the  Court  to  be  freed 
from  his  master,  the  tenant  from  his  landlord,  or  any  single  town 
petition  his  Majesty  to  have  their  freedom,  and  be  a  distinct  Col- 
ony, and  plead  that  the  annual  charges  for  maintenance  of  gov- 
ernment and  the  peace  of  the  commonwealth  is  to  them  a  great 
charge  and  burden  ?  2.  Their  charge  and  burden  hath  not  been 
greater  than  their  brethren  and  neighbors  ;  for  we  have  not,  by 
burdening  or  charging  them,  eased  ourselves  of  our  just  dues  and 
proportion  in  any  kind  ;  and  although  their  accommodations  for 
enabling  them  to  bear  and  discharge  their  dues  are  far  better 
than  those  of  the  town,  yet  it  seems  that  what  they  call  great 
(and  we  may  without  wronging  our  case  freely  concede  to  the 
truth  thereof,  that  when  all  our  shoulders  bear,  and  hands  and 
hearts  join  together,  we  find  it  so  by  daily  experience)  they  are 
content  that  we  should  bear  it  alone,  not  pitying  us,  though  we 
sink  and  break  under  it ;  for  they  know  full  well  that  their  with- 
drawing will  not  abate  the  weight  of  our  burden  ;  for  the  bridge 
must  be  maintained,  the  school  must  be  kept  up,  the  Deputies 
must  be  sent  to  the  General  Court:  and  they  have  no  other 
charge  or  burden  imposed  upon  them  by  us  than  their  just  pro- 
portion of  that  which  these  do  ordinarily  require.  3.  They  know 
full  well  that  such  hath  been  the  tenderness  of  the  town  towards 
them  at  all  times,  that  they  have  evermore  chosen  a  Constable 
that  hath  been  resident  among  them,  and  for  the  Selectmen  also 
they  have  desired  that  they  might  constantly  have  some  of  them 
joined  with  those  of  the  town,  partly  for  their  help,  and  partly 
that  they  might  more  easily  have  help  from  them,  and  be  satis- 
fied in  the  equity  and  justice  of  their  proceedings  in  all  respects ; 
so  that  we  know  they  cannot  and  dare  not  to  plead  that  we  have 
at  any  time  been  unwilling  to  execute  the  power  of  the  Select- 
men for  gathering  the  rates  due  to  their  minister  or  otherwise 
more  properly  belonging  to  them,  nor  that  we  have  carried 
crossly,  proudly,  or  perversely  towards  them.  If  we  have,  let  us 
be  accused  to  our  faces,  and  not  backbitten  and  slandered  as  we 
have  been  in  the  other  particulars  whereof  they  accuse  us. 

"  Thus  far  in  answer  to  the  petitioners'  2d  argument  in  gen- 
eral.    We  shall  now   make  answer  thereto   more   particularly. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  85 

And  here  we  must  divide  the  petitioners  into  two  sorts :  1. 
Those  that  were  dwellers  in  the  town  before  they  went  to  in- 
habit on  that  side.  2.  Another  sort  are  those  that  came  from 
other  towns. 

1.  "  Those  that  proceeded  from  the  town,  who  knowing  the 
straitness  and  want  of  accommodation  to  be  had  among  their 
brethren  there,  and  the  lands  on  that  side  the  water  being  then 
of  small  value,  procured  to  themselves  large  and  comfortable  ac- 
commodation for  a  small  matter.  We  have  confidence  that  these 
dare  not  to  say  that  their  being  in  Cambridge  hath  been  any 
charge  or  burden  to  them.  They  must  and  will  own  that  God 
hath  there  greatly  blessed  them  :  that  whereas  we  on  the  town 
side,  of  .£1,000  that  we  or  our  parents  brought  to  this  place,  and 
laid  out  in  the  town,  for  the  purchasing  at  dear  rates  what  we 
now  enjoy,  can  not,  divers  of  us,  show  .£100,  they  may  speak 
just  contrary  or  in  proportion.  We  could,  if  need  were,  in- 
stance some,*  whose  parents  lived  and  died  here,  who,  when  they 
came  to  this  town  had  no  estate,  and  some  were  helped  by  the 
charity  of  the  church,  and  others  yet  living  that  well  know  they 
may  say  truly,  with  good  Jacob,  —  over  this  Jordan  came  I  with 
this  staff,  —  and  so  may  they  say,  over  this  River  went  I,  with 
this  spade,  hoe,  or  other  tool,  and  now,  through  God's  blessing, 
am  greatly  increased.  Yet  here  we  would  not  be  understood  to 
include  every  particular  person  ;  for  we  acknowledge  that  Mr. 
Jackson  brought  a  good  estate  to  the  town,  as  some  others  did, 
and  hath  not  been  wanting  to  the  ministry  or  any  good  work 
among  us  ;  and  therefore  we  would  not  reflect  upon  him  in  the 
least. 

"  2.  There  are  another  sort  of  persons  that  did  not  proceed 
from  the  town,  but  came  from  other  towns,  where  there  had 
been  much  division  and  contention  among  them,  who,  though 
they  knew  the  distance  of  the  place  from  the  public  meeting- 
house, the  dependency  thereof  on  Cambridge,  which  they  now 
call  a  great  charge  and  burden,  yet  this  they  then  did  choose, 
and  we  are  assured  will  own,  generally  at  least,  that  they  have 
there  increased  their  estates  far  beyond  what  those  of  the  town 
have  or  are  capable  to  do.  We  might  instance  also  in  the  In- 
ventories of  some  of  them,  whose  purchase  at  the  first  cost  them 
a  very  small  matter,  and  their  stock  and  household  stuff  we 
judge  to  be  proportionable,  and  yet  when  they  deceased,  an  in- 

"  *  John  Jackson's  Invent.,  £1,230.   Kich.  Park's  Invent.,  £972. 


86  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ventory  f  amounting  to  more  than  1,100  pounds  is  given  into 
the  Court ;  and  others  that  are  yet  living  have  advanced  in  some 
measure  suitable.  But  poor  Cambridge  quickly  felt  the  sad 
effect  of  their  coming  among  us  ;  for  though  some  of  them  came 
from  their  dwellings  very  near  the  meeting-houses  in  other 
towns,  and  these  beforehand  knew  the  distance  of  their  now 
dwellings  from  Cambridge,  yet  this  did  not  obstruct  them  in 
their  settlement  there  ;  but  before  they  were  well  warm  in  their 
nests,  they  must  divide  from  the  town.  And  though  such  was 
the  endeared  love  of  our  brethren  and  neighbors  that  went  from 
us  to  this  Church  and  the  ministry  thereof,  that  it  was  long  be- 
fore they  could  get  them  (at  least  with  any  considerable  unan- 
imity) to  join  with  them,  yet  they  would  petition,  some  few  of 
them  in  the  name  of  the  rest,  to  the  honored  General  Court,  for 
their  release  from  the  town.  And  when  the  Court,  being  tired 
out  with  their  eager  pursuit  and  more  private  fawnings  and  in- 
sinuations, granted  them  Committee  upon  Committee  to  hear 
and  examine  the  ground  of  their  so  great  complaints,  at  last  all 
issued  in  a  declaration  of  the  unreasonableness  of  their  desire 
with  reference  to  the  town  and  unseasonableness  on  their  part, 
as  may  appear  by  the  return  of  the  Committee  made  to  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  October  14,  1657,  the  Worshipful  Richard  Russell 
Esq.,  Major  Lusher  and  Mr.  Ephraim  Child  subscribing  the 
same,  and  was  accepted  by  the  Court. 

"  Yet  here  they  rested  not ;  but  in  the  year  1661  petitioned 
the  Court,  and  then  obtained  freedom  from  rates  to  the  ministry 
for  all  lands  and  estates  more  than  four  miles  from  Cambridge 
meeting-house  ;  and  this  being  all  that  they  desired,  although 
we  were  not  at  that  time  advantaged  with  an  opportunity  to 
send  any  one  to  speak  in  the  town's  behalf,  yet  considering  the 
impetuousness  of  their  spirits,  and  their  good  words,  pretending 
only  the  spiritual  good  of  their  families  that  could  not  travel 
(women  and  children)  to  the  meeting-house  at  Cambridge,  we 
rested  therein,  hoping  now  they  would  be  at  rest.  But  all  this 
did  not  satisfy  them  ;  but  the  very  next  year  J  they  petition  the 
Court  again.  And  then  as  a  full  and  final  issue  of  all  things  in 
controversy  between  Cambridge  town  and  the  petitioners,  there 
is  another  Committee  appointed  to  come  upon  the  place  and  de- 
termine the  bounds  or  dividing  line  between  the  town  and  them  ; 
the  result  whereof  was  such  that,  whereas  their  grant  was  for  all 
the  lands  that  were  above  four  miles  from  the  town,  they  now 
"t  Old  Hammond's  Invent.,  £1,139.  "  j  Octob.  '62. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  87 

obtain  the  stating  of  a  line  that  for  the  generalty  is  (by  exact 
measure)  tried  and  proved  to  be  very  little  above  three  miles 
from  Cambridge  meeting-house.  Yet  did  not  Cambridge  (thus 
pilled  and  bereaved  of  more  than  half  the  lands  accommodable 
to  their  town  at  once)  resist,  or  so  much  as  complain,  but  rested 
therein,' —  the  Court  having  declared  their  pleasure  and  given 
them  their  sanction,  that  this,  as  abovesaid,  should  be  a  final 
issue  of  all  things  between  the  town  and  the  petitioners. 

"  All  this  notwithstanding,  these  long-breathed  petitioners, 
finding  that  they  had  such  good  success  that  they  could  never 
cast  their  lines  into  the  sea  but  something  was  catched,  they  re- 
solve to  bait  their  hook  again  ;  and  as  they  had  been  wont  some 
of  them  for  twenty  years  together  to  attend  constantly  the  meet- 
ings of  the  town  and  selectmen,  whilst  there  was  any  lands,  wood, 
or  timber,  that  they  could  get  by  begging,  so  now  they  pursue  the 
Court  for  obtaining  what  they  would  from  them,  not  sparing  time 
or  cost  to  insinuate  their  matters,  with  reproaches  and  clamors 
against  poor  Cambridge,  and  have  the  confidence  in  the  year 
1672  again  to  petition  the  Court  for  the  same  thing,  and  in  the 
same  words  that  they  now  do,  viz.  '  that  they  may  be  a  township 
of  themselves,  distinct  from  Cambridge  ' ;  and  then  the  Court 
grants  them  further  liberty  than  before  they  had,  viz.  to  choose 
their  own  Constable  and  three  selectmen  amongst  themselves,  to 
order  the  prudential  affairs  of  the  inhabitants  there,  only  continu- 
ing a  part  of  Cambridge  in  paying  Country  and  County  rates,  as 
also  Town  Rates  so  far  as  refers  to  the  Grammar  School,  Bridge, 
and  Deputy's  charges,  they  to  pay  still  their  proportion  with  the 
town  ;  and  this  the  Court  declares,  once  more,  to  be  a  final  issue 
of  the  controversy  between  Cambridge  and  them. 

"  Cambridge  no  sooner  understands  the  pleasure  of  this  hon- 
ored Court,  but  they  quietly  submitted  thereunto  ;  and  we  hope 
our  brethren  neither  can  nor  dare  in  the  least  to  accuse  us 
(first  or  last)  of  refusing  to  acquiesce  in  the  Court's  issue,  al- 
though we  may  and  must  truly  say  we  have  been  not  a  little 
grieved  when  by  the  more  private  intimations  and  reproachful 
backbitings  of  our  neighbors,  we  have,  in  the  minds  and  lips  of 
those  whom  we  honor  and  love,  been  rendered  either  too  strait- 
laced  to  our  own  interest,  or  unequally-minded  towards  our 
brethren.  And  did  not  this  honored  Court,  as  well  as  we,  con- 
clude that  the  petitioners,  having  exercised  the  patience  of  the 
Court  by  their  so  often  petitioning,  as  well  as  giving  trouble  to 
the  town  by  causing  them  to  dance  after  their  pipes,  from  time 


88  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

to  time,  for  twenty-four  years,  as  will  appear  by  the  Court  Rec- 
ords, in  which  time  they  have  petitioned  the  Court  near  if  not 
altogether  ten  times,  putting  the  town  to  great  charges  in  meet- 
ing together  to  consider  and  provide  their  answers,  and  to  ap- 
point men  to  attend  the  Court,  and  the  Committees  that  have 
been  from  time  to  time  appointed  by  the  Court,  as  also  the 
charges  of  entertaining  them  all,  which  hath  been  no  small  dis- 
turbance to  their  more  necessary  employments  for  their  liveli- 
hood, and  expense  of  their  time  and  estates  ;  —  yet  all  this  not- 
withstanding, we  are  summoned  now  again  to  appear  before  this 
honored  Court  to  answer  their  petition  exhibited  for  the  very 
same  thing,  nothing  being  added  save  only  sundry  falsehoods 
and  clamorous  accusations  of  us  :  §  so  that  now  it  is  not  so  much 
Cambridge  as  the  arbitrary  and  irregular  acting  of  them  and 
their  Townsmen  that  they  plead  to  be  delivered  from,  as  being 
their  bondage  and  burden. 

"  It  now  remains  that  we  speak  something  as  to  the  main  of 
their  petition,  which  they  thus  express,  i.  e.,  '  that  we  may  be  a 
township  of  ourselves,  without  any  more  dependence  on  Cam- 
bridge.' The  reasons  why  we  apprehend  they  may  not  have  this 
their  petition  granted  them  may  be  taken  from  — 

"  I.  The  injustice  of  this  their  request,  which  may  thus  ap- 
pear:  —  1.  If  it  would  be  accounted  injustice  for  any  neighboring 
towns,  or  other  persons,  to  endeavor  the  compassing  so  great  a 
part  or  any  part  of  our  town  limits  from  us,  it  is  the  same  (and 
in  some  sense  far  worse)  for  those  that  belong  to  us  so  to  do. 
This  we  conceive  is  plain  from  God's  Word,  that  styles  the  child 
that  robs  his  father  to  be  the  companion  of  a  destroyer,  or,  as 
some  render  the  word,  a  murderer  ;  although  the  child  may  plead 
interest  in  his  father's  estate,  yet  he  is  in  God's  account  a  mur- 
derer if  he  takes  away  that  whereby  his  father's  or  mother's  life 
should  be  preserved  ;  and  this,  we  apprehend  not  to  be  far  unlike 
the  case  now  before  this  honored  Court.  2.  All  practices  of  this 
nature  are  condemned  by  the  light  of  nature,  Judges  xi.  24. 
They  who  had  their  grants  from  the  heathen  idolaters  did  not 
account  it  just  that  they  should  be  dispossessed  by  others.  And 
idolatrous  Ahab,  although  he  was  a  king,  and  a  very  wicked  king 
also,  and  wanted  not  power  to  effect  what  he  desired,  and  was  so 
burdened  for  the  want  of  Naboth's  vineyard  that  he  could  neither 
eat  nor  sleep,  and  when  denied  by  his  own  subject  tendered  a  full 
price  for  the  same,  yet  he  had  so  much  conscience  left  that  he  did 
"  §  A  Machiavelian  practice. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  89 

not  dare  to  seize  the  same  presently,  as  the  petitioners  would  so 
great  a  part  of  our  possession  as  this  is,  were  it  in  their  power. 
3.  The  liberty  and  property  of  a  Colony,  so  likewise  (in  its  de- 
gree) of  a  township,  is  far  more  to  be  insisted  upon  than  the  right 
of  any  particular  person  ;  the  concerns  thereof  being  eminently 
far  greater  in  all  respects,  both  civil  and  ecclesiastical.  4.  The 
General  Court  having  forty-five  years  since  (or  more)  made  a 
grant  of  the  land  petitioned  for  to  Cambridge  town,  the  Court's 
grant  to  each  town  and  person  as  his  Majesty's  royal  charter  is 
to  this  honored  Assembly  and  the  whole  Colony,  we  have  con- 
fidence that  such  is  their  wisdom  and  integrity  that  they  will  not 
deem  it  to  be  in  their  power  *  to  take  away  from  us,  or  any  other 
town  or  person,  any  part  of  what  they  have  so  orderly  granted 
and  confirmed  to  them.  5.  Had  we  no  grant  upon  Record  (which 
is  indubitably  clear  that  we  have,  none  in  the  least  questioning 
the  same),  yet  by  the  law  of  possession  it  is  ours,  and  may  not, 
without  violation  of  the  law  and  faith  of  the  honored  Court  be 
taken  from  us. 

"  II.  Could  the  petitioners  obtain  what  they  ask,  without 
crossing  the  law  of  justice,  yet  we  apprehend  it  would  be  very 
unequal ;  and  that  may  thus  appear  :  —  Because  Cambridge  town 
is  the  womb  out  of  which  the  petitioners  have  sprung,  and  there- 
fore ought,  in  the  first  place,  to  be  provided  for ;  and  the  question 
in  equity  ought  to  be,  not  what  do  the  petitioners  crave,-  and 
might  be  convenient  for  them,  but  what  may  Cambridge  spare  ? 
Now  that  Cambridge  can  not  spare  what  they  desire  we  shall  thus 
prove: — 1.  From  the  situation  of  our  town,  being  planted  on  a 
neck  of  land,  hemmed  about  by  neighboring  towns,  Watertown 
coming  on  the  one  side  within  half  a  mile  of  our  meeting-house, 
and  Charlestown  as  near  on  the  other  side  ;  so  that  our  bounds  is 
not  much  above  a  mile  in  breadth  for  near  three  miles  together  ; 
and,  on  the  south  side  the  River,  the  petitioners  have  gained 
their  line  (as  we  before  related)  to  come  very  near  within  three 
miles  of  our  meeting-house.  2.  The  most  considerable  part  of 
the  best  and  most  accommodable  lands  of  these  near  lands  to 
the  town  are  belonging  to  Mr.  Pelham  and  others  that  live  not 
in  the  town  ;  so  that  the  far  greater  number  of  those  that  live  in 
the  town  are  put  to  hire  grass  for  their  cattle  to  feed  upon  in  the 
summer  time,  which  costs  them  the  least  twelve  shillings  and  some 

"*  It  was  no  dishonor  to  Paul,  that  had    power  of  God  Himself,  that  He  is  a  God 
all  church  power,  that  he  could  do  nothing    that  cannot  lie. 
against  the  truth ;  nor  diminutive  to  the 


90  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

fifteen  shillings  a  head  in  money,  for  one  cow,  the  summer  feed  ; 
and  corn-land  they  have  not  sufficient  to  find  the  town  with  bread. 
3.  Cambridge  is  not  a  town  of  trade  or  merchandize,  as  the  sea- 
port towns  be ;  but  what  they  do  must  be  in  a  way  of  husbandry, 
although  upon  never  so  hard  terms,  they  having  no  other  way  for 
a  supply.  4.  By  the  same  reason  that  the  petitioners  plead  im- 
munity and  freedom,  our  neighbors  that  live  far  nearer  to  Con- 
cord than  to  us  may  plead  the  like,  and  with  far  greater  reason  ; 
and  should  they  have  a  township  granted  them  also,  there  would 
be  nothing  left  for  Cambridge,  no,  not  so  much  commonage  as  to 
feed  a  small  flock  of  sheep. 

"  That  our  town  is  thus  situated,  narrow  and  long  on  each 
wing,  Watertown  and  Charlestown  nipping  us  up  close  on  each 
side,  there  needs  no  proof;  it  is  sufficiently  known  to  sundry 
of  the  members  of  this  honored  Court.  And  that  we  are  in  other 
respects  circumstanced  as  we  have  related,  so  as  that  we  must  be 
no  town  nor  have  no  church  of  Christ  nor  ministry  among  us, 
in  case  we  be  clipped  and  mangled  as  the  petitioners  would  have, 
we  conceive  there  needs  not  further  evidence  than  our  testimony. 
We  know  not  why  we  should  not  be  believed.  We  conceive  that 
the  honor  of  God  and  of  this  Court  is  more  concerned  in  providing 
against  the  laying  waste  an  ancient  town  and  church  of  Christ, 
settled  in  this  place  for  more  than  forty  years,  than  any  of  us  can 
be  to  our  personal  interest ;  —  nothing  that  we  here  enjoy  as  to  our 
outward  accommodation  being  so  attractive  as  that  we  should  be 
forced  here  to  continue,  if  we  be  disabled  to  maintain  God's  or- 
dinances. Yet  for  evidence  of  the  truth  of  what  we  thus  assert 
we  might  allege  the  removing  of  Mr.  Hooker  and  the  whole 
church  with  him  to  Hartford,  and  that  for  this  very  reason,  be- 
cause they  foresaw  the  narrowness  of  the  place  was  such  that  they 
could  not  live  here.  Also  the  endeavor  of  Mr.  Shepherd  and 
the  church  with  him,  before  his  death,  to  remove  in  like  manner, 
and  that  for  no  other  reason  but  this,  because  they  saw,  after 
many  years  hard  labor  and  expense  of  their  estates  that  they 
brought  with  them  from  England,  that  they  could  not  live  in  this 
place.  Also  we  may  add,  that  the  Committee,  which  the  honored 
General  Court  appointed  to  inquire  into  the  estate  of  the  town, 
14th.  8mo.  57,  made  their  return  that  they  found  the  state  of 
Cambridge  to  be  as  we  have  declared. 

"  We  do  freely  own  that,  as  our  place  is  straitened  so  the 
charges  are  great  for  the  maintenance  of  our  Great  Bridge  and 
schools,  &c.,  besides  all  other  charges  common  to  other  places. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  91 

Shall  this  be  an  argument  therefore  to  countenance  any  to  seek 
to  pluck  from  us  our  right,  and  to  pull  away  their  shoulders,  to 
whom  of  right  it  appertains  to  bear  a  part  with  us,  and  have  far 
the  greatest  part  of  the  accommodation  that  should  uphold  the 
same  ?  We  woiild  not  speak  passionately ;  but  let  not  this  hon- 
ored Court  be  offended  if  we  speak  a  little  affectionately.  We 
know  not  wherein  we  have  offended  this  honored  Court,  or  why 
poor  Cambridge  above  all  other  towns  in  the  country  must  be 
thus  harassed  from  Court  to  Court,  and  never  can  have  an  end 
in  twenty-four  years  time,  although  the  Court  have  declared  and 
given  in  their  sanction  that  this  and  the  other  determination 
should  be  a  final  issue,  never  to  be  troubled  more  with  the  peti- 
tioners ;  yet  still  their  petitions  and  clamors  are  received,  and  we 
compelled  to  make  answer  thereto.  If  we  have  transgressed  in 
any  kind,  and  this  Court  or  any  the  members  thereof  have  a  prej- 
udice against  us,  we  humbly  entreat  that  our  offence  may  be 
declared.  And  if  we  have  been  such  arbitrary  taxmasters  as  the 
petitioners  render  us,  that  we  may  either  be  convicted,  or  recom- 
pense given  us  for  our  cost  and  damage  by  their  unjust  molesta- 
tion of  us  from  time  to  time,  for  the  just  vindication  of  our 
innocency  against  their  unjust  calumnies. 

"  Also  we  do  humbly  entreat  of  this  honored  Court  that, 
whereas  the  petitioners  at  the  time  of  their  first  grant  which 
they  obtained  from  this  Court  then  pleaded  that,  for  and  towards 
the  maintenance  of  the  ministry  in  that  place,  they  might  have 
the  lands  and  estates  on  that  side  the  River  that  were  more  than 
four  miles  from  the  town,  that  we  might  have  the  line  stated 
accordingly ;  the  whole  being  our  own,  as  we  have  before  pleaded 
and  proved,  arid  we  having  need  thereof,  we  conceive  we  can  not 
in  justice  be  denied  the  same. 

"  Also,  whereas  they  have  not  submitted  unto  nor  rested  in 
the  Court's  last  grant  made  them  for  the  choice  of  a  Constable 
and  three  Selectmen  among  themselves,  but  have  carried  it  fro- 
wardly  one  towards  another,  and  in  like  manner  towards  the 
town  from  whom  they  proceeded  and  unto  whom  they  of  right 
belong,  we  humbly  entreat  that  the  said  order  may  be  reversed, 
and  that  we  being  all  one  body  politic  may  have  a  joint  choice 
in  the  Selectmen  and  Constables  of  the  town,  according  as  the 
law  doth  determine  the  right  and  privilege  of  each  town. 

"  Finally,  we  humbly  entreat  that  this  our  defence  may  be 
entered  in  the  Court's  register,  there  to  remain,  for  the  vindica- 
tion of  our  just  right,  in  perpetuam  rei  memoriam.  Praying 


92  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

that  the  God  of  wisdom  and  truth  may  direct  and  guide  this 
honored  Court  in  their  issuing  of  this  and  all  other  their  more 
weighty  concerns,  we  subscribe   ourselves,  honorable  Sirs,  your 
humble  and  dutiful  servants  and  suppliants, 
Cambridge,  JOHN  COOPER, 

23  (8)  78.  WILLIAM  MANNING, 

JOHN  STONE, 
WALTER  HASTING, 
FFR.  MOORE, 
NATHANIELL  SPARHAWK."  1 

In  Jackson's  "  History  of  Newton,"  it  is  stated  that  "  the  re- 
sult was  that  the  Court  granted  the  prayer  of  the  petition,  and~ 
Cambridge  Village  was  set  off  from  Cambridge,  and  made  an 
independent  township.  The  doings  of  the  Court  in  this  case  are 
missing,  and  have  not  as  yet  been  found,  and  therefore  we  do 
not  know  the  precise  conditions  upon  which  the  separation  took 
place.  But  the  Town  record  is  quite  sufficient  to  establish  the 
fact  of  separation.  The  very  first  entry  upon  the  new  Town 
Book  records  the  doings  of  the  first  Town-meeting,  held  '  27,  6, 
1679,  by  virtue  of  an  order  of  the  General  Court,'  at  which  meet- 
ing the  first  board  of  Selectmen  were  duly  elected,  namely,  Cap- 
tain Thomas  Prentice,  John  Ward,  and  James  Trowbridge ;  and 
Thomas  Greenwood  was  chosen  Constable."  2  "  1691.  Decem- 
ber 8.  *  In  answer  to  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cam- 
bridge Village,  lying  on  the  south  side  of  Charles  River,  some- 
times called  New  Cambridge,  being  granted  to  be  a  township, 
praying  that  a  name  may  be  given  to  said  town,  it  is  ordered, 
that  it  be  henceforth  called  New  Town.'  This  order  of  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  for  a  name  only,  has  been  mistaken  by  historians  for 
the  incorporation  of  the  town,  whereas  the  petitioners  had  been 
an  independent  town  for  twelve  years.  The  child  was  born  on 
the  27th  August,  1679,  but  was  not  duly  christened  until  the  8th 
of  December,  1691."  3 

It  is  evident  that  the  township  was  incorporated  before  Dec.  8, 
1691  (or  rather  Dec.  18  ;  the  session  of  the  Court  commenced 
Dec.  8,  but  the  order  granting  a  name  was  adopted  ten  days 
later).  This  order  plainly  enough  recognizes  the  village  as  al- 
ready a  distinct  "  township."  Moreover,  in  1689,  when  a  Gen- 
eral Court  assembled  after  Andros  was  deposed  and  imprisoned, 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxii.  253-264.  8  Ibid.,  page  63. 

2  Hist  of  Newton,  page  60. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  93 

Ensign  John  Ward  appeared  as  a  Deputy  from  New  Cambridge, 
and  was  admitted  to  a  seat,  apparently  without  objection.  So 
far,  Mr.  Jackson  has  a  good  case.  But  other  facts  of  public  no- 
toriety would  justify  grave  doubts  whether  the  town  was  incor- 
porated so  early  as  1679.  It  is  a  very  suspicious  circumstance, 
scarcely  reconcilable  with  such  an  early  date  of  incorporation, 
that  for  the  seven  years  following  1679,  until  the  charter  govern- 
ment was  overturned  in  1686,  the  Village,  or  New  Cambridge, 
never  assumed,  as  a  town  distinct  from  Cambridge,  to  send  a 
Deputy  to  the  General  Court ;  but  did  not  miss  representation  a 
single  year  for  half  a  century  after  the  government  was  estab- 
lished under  the  new  charter.  People  as  tenacious  of  their 
rights  as  the  inhabitants  of  the  Village  manifestly  were,  both 
before  and  after  incorporation,  would  not  be  likely  to  let  the 
newly-acquired  right  of  representation  lie  dormant  for  seven 
years,  during  a  period  of  intense  political  excitement.  The  elec- 
tion of  a  Constable  and  three  Selectmen  in  1679  by  no  means 
furnishes  countervailing  proof  of  incorporation  ;  for  this  is  pre- 
cisely what  the  inhabitants  were  authorized  to  do  by  the  order 
passed  May  7,  1673,  which  was  never  understood  to  confer  full 
town  privileges,  and  which,  for  aught  that  appears  to  the  con- 
trary, was  the  order  mentioned  in  the  Town  Record  dated  27.  6. 
1679.1 

But  the  evidence  in  the  case  is  not  wholly  of  this  negative 
character.  One  of  the  documents  published  by  Mr.  Jackson2 
indicates  with  some  distinctness  a  different  day  (Jan.  11,  1687— 
8)  as  the  true  date  of  incorporation  into  a  distinct  town :  — 

"  Articles  of  agreement,  made  September  17,  1688,  between 
the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge  and  the  Selectmen  of  the  Village,  in 
behalf  of  their  respective  towns  :  That,  whereas  Cambridge  Vil- 
lage, by  order  of  the  General  Court  in  the  late  government,  was 
enjoined  to  bear  their  proportion  in  the  charges  in  the  uphold- 
ing and  maintaining  of  the  Great  Bridge  and  School,  with  some 
other  things  of  a  public  nature  in  the  town  of  Cambridge ;  also 
there  having  been  some  difference  between  the  Selectmen  of  said 

1  At  the  close  of  their  elaborate   "  an-  the  petitioners  determined  to  exercise  the 

swer  "  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge  allege  power  granted  in  1673,  and  accordingly 

that  the  petitioners  "  have  not  submitted  elected    a   Constable   and    three    Select- 

unto  nor  rested  in  the  Court's  last  grant  men,  Aug.  27,  1679.     Such   action  would 

made  to  them  for  the  choice  of  a  consta-  sufficiently  account  for  the  record  bearing 

ble  and  three  Selectmen,"  etc.      It  seems  that   date  in   what    Jackson    styles    the 

highly  probable  that,  having  again  failed  "New  Town  Book." 

in  their  efforts  to  obtain  incorporation  in  2  Hist,  of  Newton,  p.  62. 
1678,  and  despairing  of  present  success, 


94  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

towns,  concerning  the  laying  of  rates  for  the  end  above  said,  that 
the  Village  shall  pay  to  the  town  of  Cambridge  the  sum  of  X5, 
in  merchantable  corn,  at  the  former  prices,  at  or  before  the  first 
day  of  May  next  ensuing  the  date  above,  in  full  satisfaction  of 
all  dues  and  demands  by  the  said  town  from  the  said  Village,  on 
the  account  above  said,  from  the  beginning  of  the  world  to  the 
11th  January,  1687.  Provided,  always,  and  it  is  to  be  hereby 
understood,  that  the  town  of  Cambridge  on  consideration  of  £4, 
in  current  county  pay,  already  in  hand  paid  to  the  Village  above 
said,  shall  have  free  use  of  the  highway  laid  out  from  the  Vil- 
lage Meeting-house  to  the  Falls,  forever,  without  any  let,  moles- 
tation, or  denial ;  also,  that  the  Constable  of  the  Village  shall 
pay  to  the  town  of  Cambridge  or  [all  ?]  that  is  in  their  hands  un- 
paid of  their  former  rates  due  to  the  town  of  Cambridge  above 
said.  In  witness  whereof,  the  Selectmen  above  said  hereunto  set 
their  hands,  the  day  and  year  first  above  written. 

JOHN  COOPER, 

JOHN  SPRING,  )     Selectmen       SAMUEL  ANDREW, 

EDWARD  JACKSON,  [       of  New        WALTER  HASTING, 
JAMES  PRENTICE,     )    Cambridge.      DAVID  FISKE, 


SAMUEL  STONE, 
JONATHAN  REMINGTON, 


Selectmen 

of 

Cam- 
bridge." 


What  seems  probable  by  the  reference  to  Jan.  11,  1687-8,  in 
the  foregoing  agreement,  is  rendered  certain  by  two  documents, 
which  Mr.  Jackson  probably  never  saw,  but  which  are  yet  in 
existence.  One  is  an  order  of  notice,  preserved  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts Archives,  cxxviii.  7  :  "To  the  Constables  of  the  town 
of  Cambridge,  or  either  of  them.  You  are  hereby  required  to 
give  notice  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  town,  that  they  or  some 
of  them  be  and  appear  before  his  Excellency  in  Council  on 
Wednesday  next,  being  the  llth  of  this  instant,  to  show  cause 
why  Cambridge  Village  may  not  be  declared  a  place  distinct  by 
itself,  and  not  longer  be  a  part  of  the  said  town,  as  hath  been 
formerly  petitioned  for  and  now  desired  :  and  thereof  to  make 
due  return.  Dated  at  Boston  the  sixth  day  of  January  in  the 
third  year  of  his  Majesty's  reign,  annoque  Domini,  1687.  By 
order,  &c.,  J.  WEST,  D.  Secy."  What  was  the  result  of  this 
process  does  not  appear  on  record ;  for  the  records  of  the  Council 
during  the  administration  of  Andros  were  carried  away,  and  no 
copy  of  the  portion  embracing  this  date  has  been  obtained.  For- 
tunately, however,  a  certified  copy  of  the  order,  which  is  equiv- 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  95 

alent  to  an  act  of  incorporation,  is  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  clerk 
of  the  Judicial  Courts  in  Middlesex  County  :  — 

"•  At  a  Council  held  at  the  Council  Chamber  in  Boston  oh 
Wednesday  the  eleventh  day  of  January,  1687  ;  Present, 

"  His  Excy.  Sr.  Edmund  Andros,  Kt.,  &c. 
"  William  Stoughton,  A  John  Usher,  \ 

Robert  Mason,  !  „  Edward  Randolph,   >  Esqs. 

Peter  Buckley,  |  Francis  Nicholson,    ) 

Wait  Winthrop, 

"  Upon  reading  this  day  in  Council  the  petition  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Cambridge  Village  in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  being 
sixty  families  or  upwards,  that  they  may  be  a  village  and  place 
distinct  of  themselves  and  freed  from  the  town  of  Cambridge  to 
which  at  the  first  settlement  they  were  annexed  ;  they  being  in 
every  respect  capable  thereof,  and  by  the  late  authority  made 
distinct  in  all  things  saving  paying  towards  their  school  and 
other  town  charges,  for  which  they  are  still  rated  as  a  part  of 
that  town ;  and  also  the  answer  of  the  town  of  Cambridge  there- 
to ;  and  hearing  what  could  be  alleged  on  either  part,  and  mature 
consideration  had  thereupon  ;  those  who  appeared  on  the  behalf 
of  the  town  of  Cambridge  being  contented  that  the  said  Village 
be  wholly  separated  from  them  as  desired,  and  praying  that  they 
may  be  ordered  to  contribute  towards  the  maintenance  of  Cam- 
bridge Bridge,  and  that  other  provision  be  made  as  formerly  usual 
to  ease  the  town  therein :  —  Ordered,  that  the  said  village  from 
henceforth  be  and  is  hereby  declared  a  distinct  village  and  place 
of  itself,  wholly  freed  and  separated  from  the  town  of  Cambridge, 
and  from  all  future  rates,  payments,  or  duties  to  them  whatso- 
ever. And  that,  for  the  time  to  come,  the  charge  of  keeping, 
amending,  and  repairing  the  said  bridge,  called  Cambridge 
Bridge,  shall  be  defrayed  and  borne  as  followeth  (that  is  to  say), 
two  sixth  parts  thereof  by  the  town  of  Cambridge,  one  sixth  part 
by  the  said  Village,  and  three  sixth  parts  at  the  public  charge 
of  the  County  of  Middlesex. 

"  By  order  in  Council,  &c.  JOHN  WEST,  Dy.  Secy. 

"  This  is  a  true  copy,  taken  out  of  the  original,  4th  day  of 
Decem.  88. 

"  As  attests,  LAUR.  HAMMOND,  Cler." 

There  remains  no  reasonable  doubt,  that  "  Newtown,"  which 
received  its  name  December,  1691,  was  "separated  from  the 


96  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

town  of  Cambridge,"  and  was  declared  to  be  "  a  distinct  village 
and  place  of  itself,"  or,  in  other  words,  was  incorporated  as  a 
town,  by  the  order  passed  Jan.  11,  1687,  old  style,  or  Jan.  11, 
1688,  according  to  the  present  style  of  reckoning.1 

A  few  matters  of  less  public  nature,  belonging  to  this  period, 
should  not  be  entirely  overlooked.  I  quote  from  the  Town 
Records. 

Dec.  14,  1657.  "  Liberty  is  granted  unto  Mr.  Stedman,  Mr. 
Angier,  &c.,  the  owners  of  the  Ketch  Triall,  to  fell  some  timber 
on  the  common  for  a  ware-house." 

Nov.  14,  1670.  "  Granted  to  the  owners  of  the  Ketches  that 
are  to  [be]  builded  in  the  town  liberty  to  fell  timber  upon  the 
common  for  the  building  of  the  said  Ketches." 

By  the  County  Court  Records,  it  appears  that  in  April,  1672, 
Daniel  Gookin,  Walter  Hastings,  and  Samuel  Champney,  recov- 
ered ten  pounds  damage  and  costs  of  court,  against  William 
Carr  for  the  unworkmanlike  finishing  of  two  ketches,  or  vessels, 
of  thirty-five  tons  and  twenty-eight  tons.  Among  the  papers 
in  this  case,  remaining  on  file,  is  a  deposition,  to  wit :  "  John 
Jackson,  aged  about  25  years,  testifieth  that,  being  hired  to  work 
upon  the  two  vessels  (whereof  William  Carr  was  master-builder) 
in  Cambridge,  I  wrought  upon  the  said  vessels  about  four  months 
in  the  winter  1670,"  etc.  Sworn  April  2,  1672.  These  were 
probably  the  vessels  mentioned  in  the  Town  Order,  Nov.  14, 
1670.  They  were  small  in  size  ;  but  it  appears  from  Randolph's 
narrative,2  written  in  1676,  that  more  than  two  thirds  of  all  the 
vessels  then  owned  in  Massachusetts  ranged  from  six  tons  to 
fifty  tons. 

Feb.  18,  1658.  The  Town  voted,  "  That  the  Great  Swamp 
lying  within  the  bounds  of  this  town,  on  the  east  side  of  Fresh 
Pond  meadow  and  Winottomie  Brook,  shall  be  divided  into  par- 
ticular allotments  and  propriety." 

March  23,  1662-3.  "  Ordered,  that  if  any  man  be  convicted 
that  his  dog  is  used  to  pull  off  the  tails  of  any  beasts,  and  do  not 

1  The  orders  in  council  are  dated  Jan.  was  in  1688;  and  (2)  King  Charles  II., 

1687;    but    that   this   was    in    the    Old  died  Feb.  6,  1684-5,  and  consequently  the 

Style,  calling  March   25th  the  first  day  third  year  of  the  reign  of  James  II.  did 

of    the   year,    and    thus    equivalent    to  not  commence  until  Feb.  6,  1686-7,  and 

Jan.  1688,   commencing  the  year,  as  we  the  only  January  in  that  "third  year" 

now  do  with   the  first  day  of  January,  was  in  1687-8,  that  is,  in  1688,  by  the  pres- 

is  certain,  because  (1)  according  to  the  ent  style  of  reckoning. 
present  style,  Wednesday   was  not    the        2  Hutchinson's  Coll.  Papers,  496. 
eleventh  day  of  January  in  1687,  but  it 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  97 

effectually  restrain  him,  he  shall  pay  for  every  offence  of  that 
kind  twenty  shillings,  in  case  that  further  complaint  be  made." 

Feb.  13,  1664-5.  "  The  Constables  are  ordered  to  allow 
Justinian  Holden  ten  shillings  towards  a  wolf,  killed  partly  in 
Watertowne  and  partly  in  this." 

May  8,  1671.  "  Granted  to  William  Barrit  and  Nathaniell 
Hancock,  to  dig  a  sluice,  to  drain  the  pond  by  their  houses,  in 
the  town's  land,  provided  they  secure  it  from  doing  damage  as 
soon  as  may  be :  and  in  case  the  Townsmen  see  reason  for  it, 
they  are  to  stop  it  up  again."  This  pond  was  on  the  easterly 
side  of  Dunster  Street,  about  midway  between  Mount  Auburn 
and  Harvard  Streets. 

May  29,  1671.  A  committee  was  appointed  "  to  make  a  cov- 
enant with  Phillip  Jones,  or  any  other  able  person,  to  make  a 
sufficient  fence  of  stone  of  four  foot  high,  — between  Watertowne 
bounds  and  ours,"  as  far  as  to  Rocky  Meadow  ;  with  gates  to 
the  highways  from  Concord  to  Watertown  and  from  Cambridge 
to  Watertown. 

Feb.  14,  1675-6.  "  William  Maning,  and  Nathaniell  Han- 
cocke,  and  John  Jackson,  and  John  Gove,  are  appointed  by  the 
Selectmen,  to  have  inspection  into  families,  that  there  be  no  bye 
drinking,  or  any  misdemeanour,  whereby  sin  is  committed,  and 
persons  from  their  houses  unseasonably." 

"  The  selectmen  of  Cambridge  plaintiffs  against  Capt.  Law- 
rence Hammond  and  John  Cutler,  jun.,  defendants,  do  humbly 
declare  as  followeth,  &c.  In  the  year  1634  the  General  Court 
granted  them  liberty  to  erect  a  ware  upon  Minottomy  River,  and 
they  accordingly  so  did,  and  have  had  quiet  possession  of  the 
same  from  that  time  until  now,  without  any  disturbance  of  their 
neighbors  of  Charlestown  or  any  other ;  and  hath  been  in  a  man- 
ner the  stay  and  support  of  the  town  by  fishing  their  Indian  corn, 
which  is  the  principal  part  of  their  husbandry  and  livelihood. 
But  this  last  spring  the  defendants,  to  the  great  damage  of  the 
plaintiffs,  have  interrupted  their  fishing  by  crossing  said  River 
below  the  wares  granted  to  Cambridge  by  the  Court,  whereby 
the  grant  of  the  Court  is  made  null  and  void,  and  they  are  put 
out  of  the  possession  of  that  which  they  have  peaceably  enjoyed 
forty-six  years,  contraiy  to  law  and  equity.  And  after  that  the 
plaintiffs  had  obtained  a  writ  of  nuisance  to  bring  the  case  to  a 
legal  trial,  the  defendants  have  both  violently  and  contemptu- 
ously proceeded  to  obstruct  the  passage  of  the  fish  to  the  wares, 
which  they  so  long  possessed  as  above  said,  to  their  great  damage 
7 


98  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  loss  of  two  hundred  thousand  fish,  which  we  judge  will  be  a 
hundred  pounds  damage  to  the  town  in  their  crop,  and  tending  to 
the  inevitable  impoverishing  of  divers  poor  families.  The  jus- 
tice of  this  honored  Court  for  their  relief  from  this  great  wrong 
done  them  by  the  defendants  is  the  favor  they  beg. 

"  JOHN  COOPER. 

WILLIAM  MANNING. 

WALTER  HASTING. 

FFK.  MOORE." 

The  jury  rendered  a  special  verdict :  "  If  the  General  Court's 
grant  to  Cambridge  —  for  the  erecting  a  ware  in  Menottimyes 
River,  within  their  own  bounds,  be  a  legal  and  perpetual  title, 
they  find  for  the  plaintiffs  five  pounds  and  costs  of  Court ;  if  not, 
for  the  defendants,  costs  of  court."  The  Court  considered  the 
title  good.  This  case  is  entered  in  the  County  Court  Records, 
under  date  of  June  21,  1681,  and  the  papers  are  on  file.  The 
practice  of  "fishing  their  Indian  corn  "  was  long  ago  abandoned 
by  cultivators  in  Cambridge ;  but  the  privilege  of  taking  fish  in 
Menotomy  River  remains  valuable.  It  has  been  subject  to  occa- 
sional controversies  and  litigations  since  1681,  in  all  which  Cam- 
bridge has  preserved  the  rights  originally  granted ;  and  to  the 
present  day  "  Fish  Officers  "  are  annually  appointed  by  the  City 
Council,  to  take  care  that  those  rights  suffer  no  infringement. 


CHAPTER  IX. 

CIVIL  HISTORY. 

ON  the  17th  day  of  May,  1686,  Joseph  Dudley  and  his  asso- 
ciates communicated  to  the  General  Court  a  copy  of  the  King's 
commission  authorizing  them  to  assume  the  government  of  the 
Colony.  The  Court  replied,  under  date  of  May  20,  1686,  ad- 
dressed, "  These  for  Joseph  Dudley,  Esq.  and  the  rest  of  the 
gentlemen  named  in  his  Majesties  commission,"  as  follows:  — 

"  Gentn :  We  have  perused  what  you  left  with  us  as  a  true 
coppy  of  his  majesties  commission,  shewed  to  us  the  17th  instant, 
impowring  you  for  the  governing  of  his  majesties  subjects  inhab- 
itting  this  colony  and  other  places  therein  mentioned.  You  then 
applied  yourselves  to  us,  not  as  a  Governor  and  Company,  but 
(as  you  were  pleased  to  terine  us)  some  of  the  principall  gentle- 
men and  cheife  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  severall  townes  of  the 
Massachusetts,  amongst  other  discourse  saying  it  concerned  us  to 
consider  what  there  might  be  thought  hard  and  uneasy.  1.  Upon 
perusall  whereof  wee  finde,  as  wee  conceive,  first,  that  there  is 
no  certaine  determinate  rule  for  your  administration  of  justice,  and 
that  which  is  seemes  to  be  too  arbitrary.  2.  That  the  subjects 
are  abridged  of  their  liberty  as  Englishmen,  both  in  the  matter 
of  legislation  and  in  the  laying  of  taxes,  and  indeed  the  whole  un- 
quaestioned  priviledge  of  the  subject  transferred  upon  yourselves, 
there  being  not  the  least  mention  of  an  assembly  in  the  commis- 
sion. And  therefore  wee  thinke  it  highly  concernes  you  to  con- 
sider whither  such  a  commission  be  safe,  either  for  you  or  us  : 
but  if  you  are  so  satisfied  therein  as  that  you  hold  yourselves 
obleidged  thereby,  and  do  take  upon  you  the  government  of  this 
people,  although  wee  cannot  give  our  assent  thereto,  yet  hope 
shall  demeane  ourselves  as  true  and  loyall  subjects  to  his  Majesty, 
and  humbly  make  our  addresses  unto  God,  and,  in  due  time,  to 
our  gracious  prince,  for  our  releife.  Past  by  the  whole  Court, 
nemine  contradicentes.  By  order, 

"EDWARD   RAWSON,  Secretary." 

1  Afass.  Col.  Rec.,  v.  515,  516. 


100  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Dudley  was  superseded  in  the  government  by  Sir  Edmund 
Andros,  who  "landed  at  Boston  Dec.  20,  1686,  and  his  commis- 
sion was  published  the  same  day."  l  During  his  administration, 
the  people  were  in  a  condition  little  better  than  slavery.  In  the 
"  Massachusetts  Archives  "  2  is  a  statement  by  Thomas  Danforth, 
that,  "  Our  rulers  are  those  that  hate  us  and  the  churches  of 
Christ  and  his  servants  in  the  ministry  ;  they  are  their  daily 
scorn,  taunt,  and  reproach ;  and  yet  are  we,  our  lives,  and  liber- 
ties, civil  and  ecclesiastical,  in  their  hands,  to  do  with  us  as  they 
please  ;  some  of  the  chief  of  them  have  said,  —  no  better  than 
slaves,  only  they  had  not  power  to  sell  us  for  slaves.  We  are 
deprived  of  privileges  of  Englishmen,  of  the  benefit  of  the  great 
Charter  of  our  nation  ;  our  lands  and  possessions  seized  and 
granted  to  strangers,  contrary  to  the  Stat.  Car.  I.  Cap.  10,  and 
contrary  to  the  assurance  given  to  his  Majesty's  subjects  here, 
by  the  declaration  of  his  late  Majesty  and  of  his  present  Majesty, 
copies  whereof  I  herewith  send  you." 

A  tract  was  published  at  London,  in  1689,  entitled  "  A  Sixth 
Collection  of  Papers  relating  to  the  present  juncture  of  affairs  in 
England."  The  tenth  and  last  paper  in  the  collection  is  "  A 
narrative  of  the  miseries  of  New  England,  by  reason  of  an  Ar- 
bitrary Government  erected  there."  It  was  evidently  prepared 
by  a  person  well  acquainted  with  the  facts,  perhaps  by  Increase 
Mather,  who  was  at  that  time  in  London.  The  case  is  so  well 
stated  that  I  shall  quote  freely  :  — 

"  Before  these  changes  happened,  New  England  was  of  all  the 
foreign  plantations  (their  enemies  themselves  being  judges)  the 
most  flourishing  and  desirable.  But  their  Charters  being  all  (one 
way  or  other)  declared  to  be  void  and  insignificant,  it  was  an  easy 
matter  to  erect  a  French  Government  in  that  part  of  the  King's 
dominions,  (no  doubt  intended  by  the  evil  counsellors)  as  a  speci- 
men of  what  was  designed  to  be  here  in  England  as  soon  as  the 
times  would  bear  it.  Accordingly  Sir  Edmond  Andross  (a 
Grermey  man)  was  pitched  on  as  a  fit  instrument  to  be  made  use 
of ;  and  a  most  illegal  commission  given  him,  bearing  date  June 
3,  1686,  by  which  he,  with  four  of  his  Council  (perhaps  all  of 
them  his  absolute  devotees)  are  empowered  to  make  laws,  and 
raise  moneys  on  the  King's  subjects  without  any  Parliament, 

Assembly,  or  consent  of  the  people Laws  are  made  by  a 

few  of  them,  and  indeed  what  they  please  :  nor  are  they  printed, 
as  was  the  custom  in  the  former  governments,  so  that  the  people 

1  Hutchinaun'*  Hint.  Mats.,  \.  353.  *  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxviii.  142,  143. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  101 

are  at  a  great  loss  to  know  what  is  law,  and  what  not.  Only  one 
law  they  are  sensible  of,  which  doth  prohibit  all  Town-meetings, 
excepting  on  a  certain  day  once  a  year  :  whereas  the  inhabitants 
have  occasion  to  meet  once  a  month,  sometimes  every  week,  for 
relief  of  the  poor,  or  other  Town-affairs.  But  it  is  easy  to  pene- 
trate into  the  design  of  this  law,  which  was  (no  question)  to 
keep  them  in  every  town  from  complaining  to  England  of  the  op- 
pression they  are  under.  And  as  laws  have  been  established  so 
moneys  have  been  raised  by  the  government  in  a  most  illegal  and 
arbitrary  way,  without  any  consent  of  the  people."  1  "Several 
gentlemen  in  the  country  were  imprisoned  and  bound  to  their 
good  behavior,  upon  mere  suspicion  that  they  did  encourage  their 
neighbors  not  to  comply  with  these  arbitrary  proceedings,  and 
that  so  they  might  be  sure  to  effect  their  pernicious  designs,  they 
have  caused  juries  to  be  picked  of  men  who  are  not  of  the  vicin- 
ity, and  some  of  them  mere  strangers  in  the  country  and  no  free- 
holders, which  actings  are  highly  illegal.  One  of  the  former 
magistrates  was  committed  to  prison  without  any  crimes  laid  to 
his  charge,  and  there  kept  half  a  year  without  any  fault ;  and 
though  he  petitioned  for  a  Habeas  Corpus,  it  was  denied  him. 
Also  inferior  officers  have  extorted  what  fees  they  please  to  de- 
mand, contrary  to  all  rules  of  reason  and  justice.  They  make 
poor  widows  and  fatherless  pay  50s.  for  the  probate  of  a  will, 
which  under  the  former  easy  government  would  not  have  been  a 
tenth  part  so  much.  Six  persons,  who  had  been  illegally  impris- 
oned, were  forced  to  give  the  officers  117Z.,  whereas  upon  compu- 
tation they  found  that  here  in  England  their  fees  would  not  have 
amounted  to  10L  in  all.  And  yet  these  things  (though  bad 
enough)  are  but  a  very  small  part  of  the  misery  which  that  poor 
people  have  been  groaning  under,  since  they  have  been  governed 
by  a  despotic  and  absolute  power.  For  their  new  masters  tell 
them  that,  their  Charter  being  gone,  their  title  to  their  lands  and 
estates  is  gone  therewith,  and  that  all  is  the  King's ;  and  that 
they  represent  the  King ;  and  that  therefore  all  persons  must  take 
patents  from  them,  and  give  what  they  see  meet  to  impose,  that 
so  they  may  enjoy  the  houses  which  their  own  hands  have  built, 
and  the  lands  which,  at  vast  charges  in  subduing  a  wilderness, 
they  have  for  many  years  had  a  rightful  possession  of  as  ever  any 
people  in  the  world  had  or  can  have."  2  "  These  were  the  mis- 
erable effects  of  New  England's  being  deprived  of  their  Charters, 

1  The  case  of  Ipswich  is  related.  2  Seizures  of  land  in  Charlestown  and 

Plymouth  are  specified. 


102  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

and  with  them  of  their  English  liberties.  They  have  not  been 
altogether  negligent,  as  to  endeavors  to  obtain  some  relief  in  their 
sorrowful  bondage  ;  for  several  gentlemen  desired  Increase  Ma- 
ther, the  Rector  of  the  College  at  Cambridge  in  New  England,  to 
undertake  a  voyage  for  England,  to  see  what  might  be  done  for 
his  distressed  country,  which  motion  he  complied  with  ;  and  in 
June  the  1st,  1688,  he  had  the  favor  to  wait  on  the  King,  and 
privately  to  acquaint  him  with  the  enslaved  and  perishing  estate 
of  his  subjects  in  New  England.  The  King  was  very  gracious 
and  kind  in  his  expressions  ;  then  and  often  after  promising  to 
give  them  ease  as  to  their  complaints  and  fears.  Amongst  other 
things  the  said  Mather  caused  a  petition  from  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge in  New -England  to  be  humbly  presented  to  his  Majesty  ; 
which,  because  it  doth  express  the  deplorable  condition  of  that 
people,  it  shall  be  here  inserted. 

"  To  the  King's  most  excellent  Majesty. 

"  The  petition  and  address  of  John  Gibson,  aged  about  87, 
and  George  Willow,  aged  about  86  years  ;  as  also  on  behalf  of 
their  neighbors  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  in  New  England, 
in  most  humble  wise  sheweth  : 

"  That  your  Majesty's  good  subjects,  with  much  hard  labor 
and  great  disbursements,  have  subdued  a  wilderness,  built  our 
houses,  and  planted  orchards,  being  encouraged  by  our  indubita- 
ble right  to  the  soil  by  the  Royal  Charter  granted  unto  the  first 
planters,  together  with  our  purchase  of  the  Natives  :  as  also  by 
sundry  letters  and  declai*ations  sent  to  the  late  Governor  and 
Company  from  his  late  Majesty,  your  royal  Brother,  assuring  us 
of  the  full  enjoyment  of  our  properties  and  possessions,  as  is 
more  especially  contained  in  the  declaration  sent  when  the  Quo 
Warrant©  was  issued  out  against  our  Charter. 

"  But  we  are  necessitated  to  make  this  our  moan  and  com- 
plaint to  your  excellent  Majesty,  for  that  our  title  is  now  ques- 
tioned to  our  lands,  by  us  quietly  possessed  for  near  sixty  years, 
and  without  which  we  cannot  subsist.  Our  humble  address  to 
our  governor,  Sir  Edmond  Andross,  shewing  our  just  title,  long 
and  peaceable  possession,  together  with  our  claim  of  the  benefit 
of  your  Majesty's  letters  and  declarations,  assuring  all  your  good 
subjects  that  they  shall  not  be  molested  in  their  properties  and 
possessions,  not  availing. 

"  Royal  Sir,  we  are  a  poor  people,  and  have  no  way  to  pro- 
cure money  to  defend  our  cause  in  the  law ;  nor  know  we  of 
friends  at  Court ;  and  therefore  unto  your  royal  Majesty,  as  the 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  103 

public  Father  of  all  your  subjects,  do  we  make  this  our  humble 
address  for  relief,  beseeching  your  Majesty  graciously  to  pass 
your  royal  Act  for  the  confirmation  of  your  Majesty's  subjects 
here  in  our  possessions  to  us  derived  from  our  late  Governor  and 
Company  of  this  your  Majesty's  Colony.  We  now  humbly  cast 
ourselves  and  distressed  condition  of  our  wives  and  children  at 
your  Majesty's  feet,  and  conclude  with  the  saying  of  Queen 
Esther,  —  If  we  perish,  we  perish." 

In  the  Massachusetts  Archives  1  is  a  manuscript  by  Thomas 
Danforth,  so  nearly  identical  with  this  petition  that  it  may  prop- 
erly be  regarded  as  its  first  draught.  It  is  highly  probable  that 
Danforth  prepared  it,  and  sent  it  to  Mather,  who  made  a  few 
verbal  alterations  before  presenting  it  to  the  king.  It  seems  to 
have  been  written  in  1688,  while  Randolph  was  endeavoring  to 
obtain  possession  of  seven  hundred  acres  of  land  near  Spy  Pond. 
This  was  one  of  his  many  attempts,  of  a  similar  kind,  to  enrich 
himself  at  the  public  expense.  Besides  asking  for  free  grants  in 
divers  other  places,  he  "  petitioned  for  half  an  acre  of  land,  to  be 
taken  out  of  the  common  in  Boston,  for  a  house  lot."  2  Several 
documents  relating  to  the  Cambridge  ca.se  are  here  inserted,  as 
a  specimen  of  the  wrongs  and  indignities  to  which  the  inhab- 
itants were  subjected  under  the  arbitrary  government  of  Sir 
Edmund  Andros.  Other  communities  suffered  like  evils ;  and 
other  persons  were  only  less  rapacious  than  Edward  Randolph. 

"  At   a  Council   held  at  the  Council  Chamber  in   Boston  on 
Wednesday  the  nine  and  twentieth  of  February,  1687.     Present, 
"  His  Excellency  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  Knt.,  &c. 
"  Joseph  Dudley,  "\  John  Green,  \ 

John  Winthrop,  I  .„  Edward  Randolph,     I  „ 

AXT-  -4.  AIT-   4-u          >li.sqrs.         „.        •    -NT-  u  i  >  Esqrs. 

Wait  Winthrop,  |  ffrancis  Nicholson,     j 

John  Usher,  Samuell  Shrimpton,/ 

"  Upon  reading  this  day  in  Council  the  petition  of  Edward 
Randolph  Esq.,  praying  his  Majesty's  grant  of  a  certain  tract  of 
vacant  and  unappropriated  land,  containing  about  seven  hundred 
acres,  lying  between  Spy  Pond  and  Saunders  Brook,  near  Water- 
town  in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  —  Ordered,  That  the  Sheriff 
of  said  County  do  forthwith  after  receipt  hereof,  give  public 
notice  both  in  Cambridge  and  Watertown,  that  if  any  person 
or  persons  have  any  claim  or  pretence  to  the  said  land,  that 
they  appear  before  his  Excellency  the  Governor  in  Council,  on 
1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxviii.  300.  2  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  \.  360. 


104  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

Wednesday  the  7th  of  March  next,  then  and  there  to  show  forth 
the  same,  and  why  the  said  land  may  not  be  granted  to  the. 
petitioner  as  desired  ;  of  which  he  is  not  to  fail,  and  to  make 
due  return.  By  order  in  Council,  &c. 

"  JOHN  WEST.  D.  Secy." 

"  Per  virtue  of  this  order,  notice  is  given  to  the  persons  con- 
cerned. 5  March  87-8,  pr.  Sam11.  Gookin  ShfL" 

"  March  4,  1687-8.  Mem0.  This  warrant  was  sent  up  from 
Boston  to  Cambridge  on  the  Sabbath  day  morning  by  a  boat, 
which  was  an  unusual  thing  in  that  place  to  see  the  Sabbath  day 
so  profaned  and  a  warrant  posted  on  the  meeting  house  to  give 
notice."  2 

At  the  time  appointed,  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  asserted 
their  claims,  to  wit :  — 

"  To  his  Excellency  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  Knt.,  Captain  Gen- 
eral and  Governor  in  chief  of  his  Majesty's  territory  and  domin- 
ion of  New  England,  and  his  Majesty's  Council.  The  petition 
and  address  of  his  Majesty's  most  loyal  subjects,  the  inhabitants 
of  Cambridge,  in  most  humble  wise  showeth  : 

"  In  observance  of  the  Council's  order  sent  unto  us  referring 
unto  those  lands  petitioned  for  by  Edward  Randolph,  Esq.,  — 
we  humbly  inform  and  certify  your  Excellency  and  the  Council, 
that  they  are  neither  vacant  nor  unappropriated  lands,  but  are  a 
part  of  those  lands  granted  by  his  Majesty's  royal  Charter,  under 
the  great  seal  of  England,  to  the  persons  therein  mentioned,  and 
by  the  Governor  and  Company  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  to  this 
town  of  Cambridge,  as  the  Records  of  the  General  Court  will 
show,  and  have  been  quietly  possessed  and  improved  by  this 
town  of  Cambridge  for  more  than  fifty  years  ;  and  was  also  pur- 
chased of  the  Indian  Natives  that  claimed  title  thereto.  And 
more  particularly  as  to  those  mentioned  by  the  petitioner  situate 
and  lying  between  Spy  Pond  and  Sanders  Brook,  they  were  by 
allotment  granted  and  measured  out,  more  than  forty  years  now 
past,  to  sundry  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  ;  and  they  have 
accordingly  peaceably  possessed  and  improved  the  same,  and  are 
at  this  day  lawfully  seized  thereof.  And  for  that  other  part, 
lying  near  to  Watertown  line,  the  town  hath  hitherto  improved 
those  lands  in  common,  for  timber,  firewood,  and  pasture  for  all 

1  Mass.  Arcfi.,  cxxviii.  56.  is  in   the  handwriting  of  Thomas   Dan- 

2  /bid.,  p.  68.     This  memorandum,  en-    forth, 
dorscd  on  a  copy  of  the  order  of  notice, 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  105 

sorts  of  cattle,  the  just  interests  of  each  person  therein  having 
been  legally  settled  more  than  forty  years  ;  and  the  proprietors 
have  accordingly  respectively  bought  and  sold  their  interests,  as 
they  have  seen  meet ;  and  for  the  securing  said  lands  from  dam- 
age to  ourselves  by  our  neighbors  of  Watertown,  the  proprietors 
of  the  said  lands  have,  at  their  great  charge,  erected  a  stone  wall, 
more  than  one  mile  in  length,  and  made  provision  of  gates  upon 
the  highways  as  was  needful. 

"  We  do  also  humbly  inform  your  Excellency  and  Council, 
that  the  lands  above  petitioned  for  are  of  so  great  concernment 
to  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  for  their  necessary  supplies  of 
timber,  firewood,  and  pasture,  that,  should  we  be  deprived 
thereof,  it  would  be  the  inevitable  ruin  of  more  than  eighty 
families  of  his  Majesty's  subjects  here  settled,  who  have  spent 
their  strength  and  estates  in  confidence  of  their  indubitable  right 
and  peaceable  enjoyment  thereof,  by  virtue  of  his  Majesty's  royal 
Charter,  and  to  them  legally  derived  in  manner  as  is  above  re- 
cited. 

"  We  do  therefore  humbly  render  to  your  Excellency  and  hon- 
orable Council  our  humble  and  thankful  acknowledgement  of 
your  respect  to  our  welfare  (as  well  as  to  justice  and  equity)  in 
giving  us  this  opportunity  to  inform  your  Excellency  and  Honors 
of  our  claim  and  just  title  to  those  lands  petitioned  for,  as  above 
said,  and  do  humbly  pray  that  the  royal  authority  wherewith  his 
Majesty  have  invested  your  Excellency  for  the  government  of 
this  part  of  his  dominion  may  put  a  check  upon  the  abovesaid 
information  and  unreasonable  request  of  the  petitioner  for  said 
lands,  and  that  your  petitioners  may  not  be  thence  illegally 
ejected  or  disturbed  in  their  peaceable  enjoyment  thereof,  con- 
trary to  his  late  Majesty's  declaration  of  the  26  July  1683,  pub- 
lished upon  the  issuing  a  Quo  Warranto  against  the  late  charter 
of  this  Colony,  and  to  his  present  Majesty's  gracious  declaration 
to  all  his  loving  subjects  for  liberty  of  conscience  and  maintain- 
ing them  in  all  their  properties  and  possessions  in  any  their  lands 
and  properties  whatsoever;  the  benefit  whereof  we  humbly  claim. 
"  Your  petitioners  are  his  Majesty's  most  loyal  subjects  and 
your  Excellency's  humble  servants,  in  the  name  and  by  the  order 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge.  JOHN  COOPER, 

WALTER  HASTING, 
FFRANCIS  MOORE, 
JOHN  JACKSON, 
SAMUELL  ANDREW."1 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxviii.  297. 


106  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

In  his  rejoinder,  Randolph  gives  an  abstract  of  his  petition 
and  the  order  thereon,  together  with  the  objections  urged  by  the 
inhabitants  of  Cambridge,  and  then  proceeds  thus :  — 

"  To  which  the  Petitioner  answereth,  that,  in  case  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Cambridge  do  produce  to  your  Excellency  and  the  Coun- 
cil the  royal  grant  to  any  person  or  persons  of  the  said  land  peti- 
tioned for,  and  from  such  person  or  persons  a  legal  conveyance 
to  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  town,  and  that  the  said  town  were 
by  that  name,  or  by  what  other  name  the  same  hath  been  to 
them  granted,  able  and  sufficient  in  the  law  to  receive  a  grant  of 
such  lands,  then  the  petitioner  will  cease  any  further  prosecution 
of  his  said  prayer :  otherwise  the  petitioner  humbly  conceives 
the  right  still  to  remain  in  his  Majesty,  and  humbly  prays  a 
grant  for  the  same.  ED.  RANDOLPH.  Boston  March  ye  17th 
1687-8." ! 

Subsequently,  another  order  of  notice  was  issued  :  — 

"  Boston  22d  June  1688.  Mr.  Sheriff,  You  may  give  notice  to 
any  persons  that  lay  claim  to  the  land  in  Cambridge  petitioned 
for  by  Edward  Randolph  Esq.,  that  on  Thursday  next,  in  the 
forenoon,  they  appear  before  his  Excellency  in  Council,  and  give 
their  full  answer  therein.  I  am,  sir,  your  servant, 

JOHN  WEST,  D.  Sec." 

Superscribed,  "  To  Samuell  Gookin  Esq.  High  Sheriff  of  Mid- 
dlesex, at  Cambridge."  2 

At  the  time  appointed,  the  proprietors  of  the  lands  in  con- 
troversy presented  their  case  more  fully  :  — 

"  The  Reply  of  the  proprietors  of  those  lands  lying  between 
Sanders  Brook  and  Spy  Pond  near  unto  Watertown,  in  the 
County  of  Middlesex,  to  an  answer  made  to  their  address  pre- 
sented to  your  Excellency  and  the  honorable  Council,  referring 
to  the  petition  of  Edward  Randolph  Esq.,  he  praying  a  grant  of 
seven  hundred  acres,  part  of  the  abovesaid  tract  of  land,  as  vacant 
and  unappi'opriated. 

44  Your  humble  suppliants  do  crave  leave  to  remind  your  Ex- 
cellency and  the  honorable  Council,  that,  in  our  former  address, 
we  have  briefly  declared  and  asserted  our  just  title  and  claim  to 
said  lands,  deriving  the  same  from  his  Majesty's  royal  grant  by 
his  letters  patent  under  the  great  seal,  under  the  security  whereof 
the  first  planters  of  this  Colony  adventured  themselves  into  this 
then  waste  and  desolate  wilderness,  and  have  here  wasted  and 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxviii.  Ill,  112.  2  fild.,  p.  281. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  107 

spent  great  estates  and  many  lives,  for  the  planting,  peopling, 
and  defending  themselves  and  his  Majesty's  right  therein.  The 
abovesaid  royal  grant  being  made  not  only  to  the  gentlemen 
named  in  said  letters  patent,  but  also  to  all  such  others  as  they 
shall  admit  and  make  free  of  their  society,  making  them  one 
body  politic  by  the  name  of  the  Governor  and  Company  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England,  and  under  that  name  are 
empowered  to  make  laws  and  ordinances  for  the  good  and  wel- 
fare of  said  company  and  for  the  government  and  ordering  of 
the  said  lands  and  plantation,  and  the  people  that  shall  inhabit 
therein,  as  to  them  shall  seem  meet.  We  further  declared  that, 
by  the  said  Governor  and  Company,  the  lands  petitioned  for  by 
Edward  Randolph  Esq.  are  granted  to  Cambridge,  then  called 
Newtown,  and  by  the  said  town  have  been  orderly  distributed 
among  their  inhabitants,  the  grants  and  settlement  whereof  upon 
the  several  proprietors  and  their  names  as  they  stand  entered 
upon  the  Town  Book  we  do  hereby  exhibit  to  your  Excellency 
and  the  Council.  If  further  evidence  be  required  of  the  same, 
or  of  our  possession  and  improvement  thereof,  plainly  evincing 
that  those  lands  are  neither  vacant  nor  unappropriated,  as  the 
petitioner  hath  most  untruly  represented,  we  are  ready  to  pre- 
sent the  same,  if  your  Excellency  shall  please  to  appoint  us  a  time 
for  so  doing. 

"  Your  Excellency  have  not  required  of  us  to  show  or  demon- 
strate that  the  formalities  of  the  law  have  been,  in  all  the  cir- 
cumstances thereof,  exactly  observed,  nor  do  we  judge  it  can 
rationally  be  expected  of  a  people  circumstanced  as  the  first 
planters  were,  by  whom  those  matters  were  acted  in  the  infancy 
of  these  plantations ;  they  not  having  council  in  the  law  to  re- 
pair unto,  nor  would  the  emergencies  that  then  inevitably  hap- 
pened admit  thereof  ;  and,  as  we  humbly  conceive,  nor  doth  the 
law  of  England  require  the  same  of  a  people  so  circumstanced  as 
they  then  were.  But  from  the  beginning  of  this  plantation 
[they]  have  approved  themselves  loyal  to  his  Majesty,  and  in 
all  respects  have  intended  the  true  ends  of  his  Majesty's  royal 
grant,  and,  through  God's  great  blessing  on  their  endeavors, 
raised  here  a  plantation  that  redounds  greatly  (as  is  now  well 
known  in  the  world)  to  the  honor  and  profit  of  the  crown.  And 
his  late  Majesty,  by  his  letters  sent  to  the  Governor  and  Com- 
pany, accordingly  declared  his  royal  acceptance  thereof,  with 
promise  of  protection  in  our  long  and  orderly  settlement  of  this 
Colony,  as  his  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  to  term  the  same : 


108  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

the  further  security  whereof,  given  us  by  the  declaration  of  his 
late  Majesty,  when  the  Quo  Warranto  was  issued  forth  against 
this  Colony,  as  also  by  his  present  Majesty  in  his  declaration,  as 
in  our  address  so  we  do  hereby  again  humbly  claim.  If  any 
thing  be  yet  behind  on  our  part,  necessary  for  the  evincing  our 
claim,  we  humbly  pray  that  we  may  be  informed  what  those 
things  are,  and  time  given  us  to  bring  in  our  further  answer 
to  your  Excellency  and  the  Council.  In  the  name  and  by  the 
order  of  the  proprietors,  together  with  ourselves  of  those  lands 
petitioned  for  by  Edward  Randolph  Esq. 

"  SAMLL.  ANDREW. 

WALTER  HASTING. 

ZACHARIAH  HICKS. 

JOHN  GOVE."  1 

On  the  same  day,  June  28,  1688,  the  Council  passed  the  fol- 
lowing order :  — 

"  Upon  further  hearing  of  the  petition  of  Edward  Randolph 
Esq.,  praying  his  Majesty's  grant  for  a  certain  parcel  or  tract  of 
vacant  and  unappropriated  land,  containing  about  seven  hundred 
acres,  lying  between  Spy  Pond  and  Sanders  Brook  near  Water- 
town  in  the  County  of  Middlesex,  as  also  a  certain  writing  pre- 
sented by  Samuell  Andrews  and  others  of  Cambridge,  termed 
the  reply  of  the  proprietors  of  the  lands  lying  between  Saunders 
Brook  and  Spy  Pond  to  an  answer  made  to  their  address :  but 
they  declaring  they  had  no  authority  to  speak  in  behalf  of  others 
but  only  for  themselves  2  and  by  reason  of  the  general  description 
of  the  land  petitioned  for  not  knowing  whether  the  lands  claimed 
by  them  be  within  the  quantity  desired  or  not :  It  is  ordered, 
that  a  survey  and  draught  be  forthwith  made  of  the  said  land 
and  returned  into  the  Secretary's  office  accordingly. 

"  By  order  of  Council,  &c.,  JOHN  WEST,  D.  Sec."  3 

Nothing  further  is  found  in  the  Archives  concerning  this  trans- 
action, and  the  Records  of  the  Council  are  not  accessible.  As 
the  title  to  the  lands  in  controversy  was  not  afterwards  disputed, 
it  seems  probable  that  the  act  of  robbery  was  not  consummated  ; 
or,  if  it  was,  such  arbitrary  proceedings  were  held  to  be  utterly 
void,  after  the  Revolution  which  soon  followed.4 

1  Mass  Arch.,  cxxviii.  115,  116.  8  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxix.  3. 

2  They  could  not  speak  by  the  authority  <  About  two  years  before  this  Revolu- 
of  the  town,  because  the  town   was  pro-  tion,   Cambridge   lost   one   of  her  most 
hibited    from    holding    meetings,   except  eminent   citizens,  Maj.-gen.  Daniel  Goo- 
once  in  each  year  for  the  choice  of  officers,  kin,   more  fnmiliarly  known    as    Major 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  109 

Early  in  1689,  much  excitement  was  produced  by  a  rumor  that 
the  Prince  of  Orange  had  landed  in  England,  with  an  armed 
force,  and  that  a  Revolution  in  the  English  Government  was 
probable.  This  rumor  took  a  more  definite  form,  April  4,  when 
"  one  Mr.  Winslow  came  from  Virginia  and  brought  a  printed 
copy  of  the  Prince  of  Orange's  declaration.  Upon  his  arrival, 
he  was  imprisoned  by  Justice  Foxcroft  and  others,  for  bringing 
a  traitorous  and  treasonable  libel  into  the  country,  as  the  mitti- 
mus expressed  it.  Winslow  offered  two  thousand  pounds  bail, 
but  it  could  not  be  accepted.  A  proclamation  was  issued,  charg- 
ing all  officers  and  people  to  be  in  readiness  to  hinder  the  landing 
of  any  forces  which  the  Prince  of  Orange  might  send  into  those 
parts  of  the  world.  The  old  magistrates  and  heads  of  the  people 
silently  wished,  and  secretly  prayed,  for  success  to  the  glorious 
undertaking,  and  determined  quietly  to  wait  the  event.  The 
body  of  the  people  were  more  impatient.  The  flame,  which  had 
been  long  smothered  in  their  breasts,  burst  forth  with  violence 
Thursday,  the  18th  day  of  April,  when  the  Governor  and  such  of 
the  Council  as  had  been  most  active,  and  other  obnoxious  persons, 
about  fifty  in  the  whole,  were  seized  and  confined,  and  the  old 
magistrates  were  reinstated."  l  Several  accounts  of  this  Revolu- 
tion appeared  within  a  few  months  after  it  occurred,  in  which 
there  is  a  substantial  agreement  in  regard  to  the  most  important 
circumstances.  Among  others,  a  pamphlet  of  twenty  pages, 
written  by  Judge  Nathaniel  Byfield,  was  published  at  London  in 
1689,  entitled  "  An  account  of  the  late  Revolution  in  New  Eng- 
land, together  with  the  Declaration  of  the  Gentlemen,  Merchants, 
and  Inhabitants,  of  Boston,  and  the  country  adjacent,  April  18, 
1689."  He  describes  the  outbreak  thus  :  "  Upon  the  eighteenth 
instant,  about  eight  of  the  clock  in  the  morning,  it  was  reported 
at  the  south  end  of  the  town  that  at  the  north  end  they  were  all 

Gookin.     Sad  and  disheartened  at  the  loss  but  little  and  weak."     Hence  it  has  been 

of  the  Old  Charter,  yet  cheered  by  the  supposed   that  he  was  quite  poor.     On 

consciousness  that  he  had  faithfully  and  the  contrary,  while  he  was  not  rich,  the 

earnestly  labored  for  its  preservation,  he  number  of  houses,  and   the   quantity  of 

survived  the  catastrophe  not  quite  a  year,  silver  plate  and  other  goods  bequeathed 

He  found  rest  from  his  labors  and  deliv-  by  him,  in  his  will,  denote  that  his  estate 

erance  from  oppression,  March  19, 1686-7,  was  at  least  equal  to  the  average  at  that 

at  the  ripe  age  of  75  years ;  and  a  large  period.     His  character  is  described  very 

horizontal  slab  marks  the  spot  of  his  sep-  tersely  by  Judge  Sewall,  in  his  Journal : 

ulture  in  the    old   burial-place.     In   his  "March  19,   Satterday,  about  5  or  6  in 

will,  dated  Aug.  13,  1685,  lie  sn}'s,  —  "I  the  morn,  Major  Daniel  Gookin  dies.     A 

desire  no  ostentation  or  much  cost  to  be  right  good  man." 

expended  at  my  funeral,  because  it  is  a  *  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Moss.,  \.  373. 
time  of  great  tribulation,  and  my  estate 


110  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

in  arms ;  and  the  like  report  was  at  the  north  end  respecting  the 
south  end :  whereupon  Capt.  John  George 1  was  immediately 
seized,  and  about  nine  of  the  clock  the  drums  beat  through  the 
town,  and  an  ensign  was  set  up  upon  the  beacon.  Then  Mr. 
Bradstreet,  Mr.  Danforth,  Major  Richards,  Dr.  Cooke,  and  Mr. 
Addington,  &c.,  were  brought  to  the  Council-house  by  a  company 
of  soldiers  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Hill.  The  mean  while, 
the  people  in  arms  did  take  up  and  put  into  goal  Justice  Bulli- 
vant,  Justice  Foxcraft,  Mr.  Randolf,  Sheriff  Sherlock,  Capt.  Rav- 
enscroft,  Capt.  White,  Farewel,  Broadbent,  Crafford,  Larkin, 
Smith,  and  many  more,  as  also  Mercey,  then  goal-keeper,  and 
put  Scates,  the  bricklayer,  in  his  place.  About  noon,  in  the  gal- 
lery at  the  Council-house,  was  read  the  Declaration  here  in- 
closed," etc.2  Under  eleven  heads,  this  Declaration  sets  forth  the 
grievances  which  had  become  intolerable,  and  which  justified 
armed  resistance.  It  is  scarcely  possible  that  a  document  of  such 
length  and  character  could  have  been  prepared  in  the  four  hours 
of  intense  excitement  and  confusion,  between  eight  o'clock  and 
noon.  In  all  probability,  it  had  been  previously  written  in  an- 
ticipation of  some  such  occasion  for  its  use.  The  twelfth  article 
in  this  Declaration  announces  the  conclusion :  "  We  do  there- 
fore seize  upon  the  persons  of  those  few  ill  men,  which  have  been 
(next  to  our  sins)  the  grand  authors  of  our  miseries  ;  resolving 
to  secure  them  for  what  justice,  orders  from  his  Highness,  with 
the  English  Parliament,  shall  direct ;  lest,  ere  we  are  aware,  we 
find  (what  we  may  fear,  being  on  all  sides  in  danger)  ourselves 
to  be  by  them  given  away  to  a  foreign  Power,  before  such  orders 
can  reach  unto  us :  for  which  orders  we  now  humbly  wait.  In 
the  mean  time,  firmly  believing  that  we  have  endeavored  nothing 
but  what  mere  duty  to  God  and  our  country  calls  for  at  our 
hands,  we  commit  our  enterprise  unto  the  blessing  of  him  who 
hears  the  cry  of  the  oppressed,  and  advise  all  our  neighbors, 
for  whom  we  have  thus  ventured  ourselves,  to  join  with  us  in 
prayers  and  all  just  actions  for  the  defence  of  the  land."  3  As  a 
fitting  result  of  this  Declaration,  Judge  Byfield  inserts  the  sum- 
mons sent  by  the  magistrates  and  others  to  Sir  Edmond  Andros, 
who  had  retired  to  the  fortification  on  Fort  Hill : 

"  At  the  Town  House  in  Boston,  April  18,  1689.  Sir,  Our- 
selves and  many  others,  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  and  the 
places  adjacent,  being  surprised  with  the  people's  sudden  taking 

1  Captain  of  the  Frigate  Roue,  then  at       2  Revolution,  etc.,  pp.  3,  4. 
anchor  in  Boston  harbor.  8  /bid.,  p.  19. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  Ill 

of  arms,  in  the  first  motions  whereof  we  were  wholly  ignorant, 
being  driven  by  the  present  accident,  are  necessitated  to  acquaint 
your  Excellency  that  for  the  quieting  and  securing  of  the  people 
inhabiting  this  country  from  the  imminent  dangers  they  many 
ways  lie  open  and  exposed  to,  and  tendering  your  own  safety,  we 
judge  it  necessary  you  forthwith  surrender  and  deliver  up  the 
government  and  fortification,  to  be  preserved  and  disposed  ac- 
cording to  order  and  direction  from  the  Crown  of  England,  which 
suddenly  is  expected  may  arrive  ;  promising  all  security  from 
violence  to  yourself  or  any  of  your  gentlemen  or  soldiers,  in  per- 
son and  estate ;  otherwise  we  are  assured  they  will  endeavor  the 
taking  of  the  fortification  by  storm,  if  any  opposition  be  made. 
"  To  Sir  Edmond  Andross,  Knight. 
"  WAIT  WINTHROP.  ELISHA  COOK. 

SIMON  BRADSTREET.  ISAAC  ADDINGTON. 

WILLIAM  STOUGHTON.  JOHN  NELSON. 

SAMUEL  SHRIMPTON.  ADAM  WINTHROP. 

BARTHOLOMEW  GIDNEY.  PETER  SERGEANT. 

WILLIAM  BROWN.  JOHN  FOSTER. 

THOMAS  DANFORTH.  DAVID  WATERHOUSE."  1 

JOHN  RICHARDS. 

Unable  to  resist  the  force  arrayed  against  him,  the  Governor 
obeyed  this  summons,  surrendered  the  fort,  and  with  his  associ- 
ates went  to  the  town-house,  whence  he  was  sent  under  guard  to 
the  house  of  Col.  John  Usher,  who  had  been  Treasurer  under  his 
administration,  but,  like  Stoughton  and  other  members  of  his 
Council,2  united  with  the  patriotic  party  in  this  revolutionary 
movement.  But  this  kind  of  duress  did  not  satisfy  the  people  ; 
and  on  the  following  day,  at  their  urgent  demand,  he  was  impris- 
oned in  the  fort.  Some  of  his  associates  shared  his  confinement, 
while  others  were  committed  to  close  jail.  The  day  after  the 
Governor  was  thus  securely  confined,  some  of  the  old  magistrates, 
together  with  several  other  persons  who  had  been  active  in  over- 
turning the  former  government,  organized  a  "  Council  for  the 
Safety  of  the  People  and  Conservation  of  the  Peace,"  of  which 
the  old  Governor,  Bradstreet,  was  elected  President  and  Isaac 
Addington,  Clerk.  The  authority  of  this  Council  needed  the 
support  of  a  body  more  directly  representing  the  people.  "  On 
the  second  of  May,  they  recommended  to  the  several  towns  in  the 

1  Revolution,  etc.,  p.  20.  Gedney),  and  Brown,  had  been  members 

2  Winthrop,    Shrimiiton,    Gidney    (or    of  the  Council. 


112  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

colony  to  meet  and  depute  persons,  not  exceeding  two  for  each 
town,  except  Boston  four,  to  form  an  assembly,  to  sit  the  ninth 
of  the  same  month.  Sixty-six  persons  met  and  presented  a  dec- 
laration to  the  president  and  former  magistrates  in  particular, 
taking  no  notice  of  such  as  had  associated  with  them,  but  upon 
receiving  an  answer  in  writing,  they  desired  the  whole  council  to 
continue  in  their  station  until  the  twenty-second  instant,  at  which 
time  it  was  agreed  there  should  be  a  meeting  of  the  representatives 
of  all  the  towns  in  the  colony,  at  Boston,  who  were  to  be  specially 
instructed  by  their  towns."  1  A  large  majority  of  the  towns  in- 
structed their  representatives  to  vote  in  favor  of  reassuming  the 
old  Charter.  The  magistrates  hesitated  to  adopt  such  a  decisive 
measure ;  but  at  length,  when  a  new  House  of  Representatives, 
which  assembled  on  the  fifth  of  June,  "  urged  the  council  to  take 
upon  them  the  part  they  ought  to  bear  in  the  government,  ac- 
cording to  the  charter,  until  orders  should  be  received  from  Eng- 
land, and  declared  '  they  could  not  proceed  to  act  in  any  thing  of 
public  concerns  until  this  was  conceded,'  an  acceptance  was  voted, 
this  declaration  being  given  as  the  reason  of  the  vote.  By  these 
steps  the  change  was  made  from  the  unlimited  power  of  Sir 
Edmund  and  four  of  his  council,  to  the  old  government,  which 
had  continued  above  fifty  years  ;  but  the  weight  and  authority 
did  not  return  with  the  form."  2  This  form  of  government,  by 
consent  of  the  King,  was  administered  about  three  years,  until 
Sir  William  Phips  arrived,  in  1692,  with  the  new  Charter. 

In  this  change  of  government,  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge 
were  actively  engaged,  and  took  their  full  share  of  the  responsi- 
bility. Their  delegate  to  the  Convention  which  assembled  on 
the  ninth  of  May,  presented  the  following  declaration  :  3  — 

"  Cambridge,  May  6, 1689.  We,  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants 
of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  being  very  sensible  of  and  thankful 
unto  God  for  his  mercy  in  our  late  deliverance  from  the  oppres- 
sion and  tyranny  of  those  persons  under  whose  injustice  and 
cruelty  we  have  so  long  groaned ;  and  withal  desirous  heartily 
to  express  our  gratitude  to  those  worthy  gentlemen  who  have 
been  engaged  in  conserving  of  our  peace  since  the  Revolution  ; 
yet  withal  being  apprehensive  that  the  present  unsettlement  may 
expose  us  to  many  hazards  and  dangers,  and  may  give  occasion 
to  ill-minded  persons  to  make  disturbance  :  —  do  declare  that  we 
expect  that  our  honored  Governor,  Deputy  Governor,  and  assis- 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  382,  383.  »  Mass.  Arch.,  cvii.  20. 

2  Ibid.,  pp.  387,  388. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  113 

tants,  elected  by  the  freemen  of  this  Colony,  in  May,  1686,  to- 
gether with  the  Deputies  then  sent  down  by  the  several  respec- 
tive towns  to  the  Court  then  holden,  which  was  never  legally 
dissolved,  shall  convene,  and  re-assume  and  exercise  the  Govern- 
ment as  a  General  Court,  according  to  our  Charter,  on  the  ninth 
of  this  instant  May,  or  as  soon  as  possible.  And  in  so  doing, 
we  do  engage  that,  to  the  utmost  of  our  power,  with  persons  and 
estates,  we  will  contribute  to  their  help  and  assistance,  as  in  duty 
and  equity  we  are  bound,  praying  that  God  would  direct  them 
in  this  difficult  juncture  ;  and  do  hope  that  all  that  are  con- 
cerned for  the  peace  and  good  of  this  land  will  readily  join  with 
us  herein. 

"  Memorandum.  It  is  here  to  be  understood  that  what  we 
expect  to  be  done,  as  above,  is  only  for  a  present  settlement 
until  we  may  have  an  opportunity  to  make  our  address  unto, 
or  shall  be  otherwise  settled  by,  the  supreme  power  in  Eng- 
land. 

"  These  lines  above  written,  as  they  are  worded,  was  agreed 
upon  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  this  6th  of 
May,  1689,  as  attests  Samuel  Andrew,  Clerk,  in  the  name  of  the 
town." 

This  revolutionary  movement  was  full  of  danger.  It  was  not 
yet  known  here  whether  the  Prince  of  Orange  would  be  success- 
ful in  his  attempt  to  dethrone  King  James  the  Second.  If  he 
should  fail,  those  who  had  resisted  and  imprisoned  the  king's 
Governor  might  well  expect  the  direst  vengeance.  But  this  peril 
did  not  prevent  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  from  pledging 
their  "  persons  and  estates  "  to  the  support  of  the  principal  act- 
ors ;  nor  did  it  prevent  their  favorite  and  trusted  leader,  Thomas 
Danforth,  from  taking  a  conspicuous  position  in  the  front  rank 
of  those  actors.  The  venerable  Bradstreet,  indeed,  was  made 
President  of  the  Council  of  Safety,  and  reinstated  as  Governor, 
when  it  was  decided  to  organize  the  government  according  to 
the  old  Charter ;  but  he  was  now  eighty-seven  years  of  age, 
and  however  desirable  and  important  it  may  have  been  to  con- 
nect his  name  and  his  presence  with  the  enterprise,  he  was 
incapable  of  energetic  action.  Moreover,  he  was  timid  and  yield- 
ing in  disposition,  and  counselled  submission  rather  than  resist- 
ance during  the  controversy  which  preceded  the  abrogation  of 
the  Charter.  On  the  contrary,  Danforth  had  been  recognized  as 
a  skilful  and  resolute  leader  through  the  former  struggle ;  and 
now,  at  the  age  of  sixty-seven,  he  retained  the  full  possession  of 


114  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

his  faculties,  and  bated  not  one  jot  in  his  hatred  of  tyranny.  He 
was  reinstated  as  Deputy-governor,1  ostensibly  the  second  office, 
but,  under  the  circumstances,  the  chief  position  of  labor  and  re- 
sponsibility. What  Palfrey  says  of  their  respective  capacity, 
when  originally  elected  Governor  and  Deputy-governor  in  1679, 
had  become  even  more  manifestly  true  at  this  later  period :  — 
Bradstreet  "can  scarcely  be  pronounced  to  have  been  equal,  either 
in  ability  of  mind  or  in  force  of  character,  to  the  task  of  steering 
the  straining  vessel  of  state  in  those  stormy  times.  More  than 
any  other  man  then  living  in  Massachusetts,  Thomas  Danforth 
was  competent  to  the  stern  occasion."  2  Danforth  did  not  hesitate 
to  act,  though  fully  conscious  that  his  head  was  in  danger,  if  King 
James  succeeded  in  retaining  the  throne,  —  the  more  because  he 
had  so  long  been  the  leader  in  opposition  to  arbitrary  authority, — 
and,  even  if  the  Prince  of  Orange  became  King,  that  this  seizure 
of  the  government,  in  opposition  to  the  constituted  authority, 
might  be  regarded  and  punished  as  an  act  of  treasonable  rebel- 
lion.3 Yet  he  took  the  prominent  position  assigned  to  him,  and 
manfully  performed  its  duties  for  the  space  of  three  years,  until 
Sir  William  Phips  became  Governor  under  the  new  Charter  in 
1692.  For  some  reason  he  was  not  one  of  the  Councillors  ap- 
pointed under  the  new  Charter ;  but  his  fellow  citizens  mani- 
fested their  regard  for  him  and  their  approbation  of  his  long  and 
faithful  services,  by  placing  him  in  the  Council,  at  the  first  general 
election,  1693,  and  kept  him  there  by  successive  elections  as  long 
as  he  lived.  They  could  not  reinstate  him  in  his  former  position, 
nor  promote  him  to  a  higher,  because,  under  the  new  charter, 
both  the  Governor  and  Lieutenant-governor  were  appointed  by 

1  Also,  as  President  of  Maine,  June  28,  Three  months  later,  writing  to  Rev.  In- 
crease Mather,  then  in  London,  he  says  : 

1  Hist.  New  Eng.,  ii.  332.  —  "  I  am  deeply  sensible  that  we  have  a 
8  In  a  letter  to  Governor  Hinkley  of  wolf  by  the  ears.  This  one  thing  being 
Plymouth,  dated  April  20,  two  days  after  circumstanced  with  much  difficulty,  —  the 
Sir  Edmund  Andros  was  deposed,  he  people  will  not  permit  any  enlargement, 
says,  "  I  yet  fear  what  the  consequences  they  having  accused  them  of  treason 
thereof  may  be.  I  heartily  pray  that  no  against  their  king  and  country ;  and  those 
bitter  fruits  may  spring  forth  from  this  restrained,  they  threaten  at  a  high  rate 
root.  We  have  need  of  God's  pity  and  for  being  denied  a  habeas  corpus.  I  do 
pardon ;  and  some  do  apprehend  it  will  therefore  earnestly  entreat  of  you  to  pro- 
be wisdom  to  hasten  our  address  to  those  cure  the  best  advice  you  can  in  this  mat- 
that  are  now  supreme  in  England  for  ter,  that,  if  possible,  the  good  intents  of 
pardon  of  so  great  an  irruption,  and  for  the  people  and  their  loyalty  to  the  Crown 
a  favorable  settlement  under  the  sanction  of  England  may  not  turn  to  their  prej- 
of  royal  authority."  —  Coll.  Mass.  Hist,  udice."—  Hutchinson's  Coll.  Papers, 568, 
Soc.,  xxxv.  192.  569. 


CIVIL   HISTOKY.  115 

the  King.  Before  his  election  to  the  new  Council,  he  had  been 
appointed  one  of  the  judges  of  the  Superior  Court.  His  asso- 
ciate, Judge  Sewall,  in  his  Journal,  thus  refers  to  his  appoint- 
ment :  "  Tuesday  Dec.  6,  [1692.]  A  very  dark  cold  day ;  is 
the  day  appointed  for«chusing  of  Judges.  Wm.  Stoughton  Esq. 
is  chosen  Chief  Justice,  15  votes  (all  then  present)  :  Tho.  Dan- 
forth  Esq.,  12 :  Major  Richards,  7 :  Major-Gen1.  Winthrop,  7  : 

S.  S.,1  7 This  was  in  Col.  Page's2  rooms,  by  papers  on 

Wednesday,  Xr.  7th,  1692."  3  "  Dec.  8,  Mr.  Danforth  is  invited 
to  dinner,  and  after  pressed  to  accept  his  place."  This  place, 
which  he  seems  to  have  accepted  with  some  hesitation,  he  retained 
through  life,  and  presided  in  a  court  at  Bristol,  less  than  two 
months  before  his  death. 

It  is  due  to  the  reputation  of  Danforth,  to  state  emphatically, 
that  he  was  not  a  member  of  the  court  which  tried  and  con- 
demned the  unhappy  persons  accused  of  witchcraft.  That  spe- 
cial Court  of  Oyer  and  Terminer,  appointed  by  Governor  Phips 
and  his  Council,  May  27,  1692,  consisted  of  William  Stoughton, 
John  Richards,  Nathanael  Saltonstall,  Wait  Winthrop,  Bartholo- 
mew Gedney,  Samuel  Sewall,  John  Hathorne,  Jonathan  Corwin, 
and  Peter  Sargeant ; 4  and  it  completed  its  bloody  work  before  the 
next  December,  when  the  Superior  Court  was  organized,  of  which 
Danforth  was  a  member.  Notwithstanding  he  held  no  judicial 
office  during  this  period  (except  that  he  was  one  of  the  first  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace  and  Quorum),  the  name  of  Danforth  has  often 
been  very  improperly  associated  with  the  witchcraft  tragedy. 
Even  Savage,  familiarly  acquainted  as  he  was  with  the  history  of 
that  period,  was  so  forgetful  as  to  say  that  he  was  appointed 
"  in  1692,  judge  of  Sup.  Court  for  the  horrible  proceedings  against 
witches."  5  The  only  connection  he  had  with  those  proceedings, 
so  far  as  I  have  ascertained,  is  mentioned  by  Hutchinson.6  Be- 
fore the  arrival  of  Governor  Phips,  he  presided  as  Deputy-gover- 
nor, over  a  Court  of  Assistants  at  Salem,  April  11,  1692,  for  the 
examination  of  accused  persons,  —  not  for  their  trial.  There  is  no 
evidence  that  he  was  satisfied  with  the  result  of  that  examination, 
which,  according  to  Hutchinson's  account,  seems  to  have  been 
conducted  chiefly  if  not  entirely  by  Rev.  Samuel  Parris.7  On  the 

1  Samuel  Sewall.  tonstall  left  the  court,  being  dissatisfied 

2  Col.  Nicholas  Paige.  with  its  proceedings. 
8  Two  days,  it  seems,  were  devoted  to        5  Genea.  Diet. 

this  selection  of  judges.  G  f/ist.  Mass.,  ii.  27-29. 

*   Council  Records.     It  is  said  that  Sal-        "  Mr.  Poole  says,  —  "  Mr.  Parris  on  no 


116  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

contrary,  perhaps  partly  in  consequence  of  this  examination,  he 
declared  his  dissatisfaction,  and  dislike  of  the  judicial  proceed- 
ings. In  a  letter  dated  Oct.  8,  1692,  Thomas  Brattle,  one  of 
the  most  intelligent  and  persistent  oppose rs  of  the  witchcraft  in- 
fatuation, says :  »*  But  although  the  chief  judge,  and  some  of 
the  other  judges,  be  very  zealous  in  these  proceedings,  yet  this 
you  may  take  for  a  truth,  that  there  are  several  about  the  Bay, 
men  for  understanding,  judgment,  and  piety,  inferior  to  few,  if 
any,  in  N.  E.,  that  do  utterly  condemn  the  said  proceedings, 
and  do  freely  deliver  their  judgment  in  the  case  to  be  this,  viz., 
that  these  methods  will  utterly  ruin  and  undo  poor  N.  E.  I 
shall  nominate  some  of  these  to  you,  viz.,  the  Hon.  Simon 
Bradstreet,  Esq.  [our  late  governor]  ;  the  Hon.  Thomas  Dan- 
forth,  Esq.  [our  late  deputy-governor]  ;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Increase 
Mather,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Samuel  Willard.  Major  N.  Salton- 
stall  Esq.,  who  was  one  of  the  judges,  has  left  the  Court,  and  is 
very  much  dissatisfied  with  the  proceedings  of  it.  Excepting  Mr. 
Hale,  Mr.  Noyes,  and  Mr.  Parris,  the  Rev.  Elders,  almost 
throughout  the  whole  country,  are  very  much  dissatisfied.  Sev- 
eral of  the  late  justices,  viz.,  Thomas  Graves  Esq.,  N.  Byfield 
Esq.,  Francis  Foxcroft  Esq.,1  are  much  dissatisfied ;  also  several 
of  the  present  justices:  and  in  particular,  some  of  the  Boston 
justices  were  resolved  rather  to  throw  up  their  commissions  than 
be  active  in  disturbing  the  liberty  of  their  majesties'  subjects, 
merely  on  the  accusations  of  these  afflicted,  possessed  children."2 
That  Danforth,  in  common  with  almost  all  his  contemporaries, 
believed  in  witchcraft,  and  considered  witches  justly  obnoxious  to 

occasion  was  employed  to  examine  the  tions.  Hutchinson  says  that  '  Mr.  Parris 
accused.  At  the  request  of  the  magis-  was  over-officious :  most  of  the  examina- 
trates,  he  took  down  the  evidence,  he  tions,  although  in  the  presence  of  one  or 
being  a  rapid  and  accurate  penman.  On  more  magistrates,  were  taken  by  him.' 
the  occasion  mentioned  in  the  next  para-  He  put  the  questions.  They  show,  on 
graph,  Danforth  put  the  questions,  and  this  occasion,  a  minute  knowledge  before- 
the  record  is,  '  Mr.  Parris  being  desired  hand  of  what  the  witnesses  are  to  say, 
and  appointed  to  write  out  the  examina-  which  it  cannot  be  supposed  Danforth, 
tion,  did  take  the  same,  and  also  read  it  Russell,  Addington,  Appleton,  and  Sew- 
before  the  council  in  public.' "  —  Gen.  all,  strangers,  as  they  were,  to  the  place 
Keg.,  xxiv.  395.  Mr.  Uphatn  also  says,  —  and  the  details  of  the  affair,  could  have 
"  The  deputy-governor  first  called  to  the  had."  —  Ibid.,  p.  104.  For  this  reason, 
stand  John  Indian,  and  plied  him,  as  was  even  if  there  were  not  many  others,  it 
the  course  pursued  on  all  these  occasions,  seems  most  probable  that  the  "leading 
with  leading  questions."  —  Salem  Witch-  questions"  were  put  by  Parris,  and  not 
craft,  ii.  102.  But,  after  quoting  from  by  Danforth. 

Hutchinson  a  part  of  the  examination,  1  Son-in-law  of  Thomas  Danforth. 

Mr.  Upham  adds, —  "  I  would  call  atten-  2  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  SK.,  \.  74,  75. 
tion  to  the  form  of  the  foregoing  ques- 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


117 


punishment,  is  probably  true  ;  but  it  is  not  true,  that  he  was 
a  member  of  that  special  court  which  held  such  bloody  assizes, 
nor,  if  we  may  believe  Brattle,  his  personal  friend,  did  he  ap- 
prove its  proceedings.  The  Superior  Court,  of  which  he  was  &. 
member,  held  a  session  at  Salem  in  January,  1693,  at  which 
twenty  persons  were  tried,  and  three  convicted ;  but  "  spectral 
evidence  "  was  not  admitted  ; 1  moreover,  there  is  no  proof  that 
he  concurred  with  his  associates,  all  of  whom  had  been  members 
of  the  Commission  of  Oyer  and  Terminer. 

The  latter  years  of  Danforth's  life  seem  to  have  been  peaceful. 
Doubtless  he  lamented  the  loss  of  the  old  Charter,  for  whose  pres- 
ervation he  had  struggled  so  long  and  so  manfully.  His  strong 
opposition  to  some  of  the  provisions  of  the  new  Charter  is  said 
to  have  induced  Mather  to  omit  his  name  from  the  list  of  Coun- 
cillors ;  yet  he  finally  accepted  it  as  the  best  which  could  be  ob- 
tained, and  faithfully  labored,  both  as  Councillor  and  Judge,  to 
administer  its  provisions  in  such  a  manner  as  to  secure  the  bene- 
fit of  the  people.2 

In  the  long  and  perilous  conflict  on  behalf  of  chartered  rights, 
Gookin  and  Danforth  were  supported  by  their  brethren  the 
Deputies  from  Cambridge,  all  good  men  and  true.  Deacon  Ed- 
ward Collins  was  Deputy  from  1654  to  1670,  without  inter- 
mission ;  Edward  Oakes,  1659,  1660,  1669-1681 ;  Richard  Jack- 


1  Upham's  Witchcraft,  ii.  349. 

2  The  closing  scene  is  thus  described  by 
Judge  Sewall  in  his  Journal :  1699.  "Oct. 
28.     I   visit   Mr.  Danforth  who  is   very 
sick ;  his  daughter  Foxcroft  tells  me  he 
is  much  troubled  with  the  palsy.     Was 
much  indisposed  the  22d  instant,  which 
was  the  beginning  of  his  sickness ;  yet 
would  go  to  meeting,  which  did  him  hurt, 
especially  going  out  in  the  afternoon.    I 
wished  him  refreshings  from  God  under 
his   fainting   sickness."  —  "  Lord's   day, 
Nov.  5.  Tho.  Danforth  Esq.,  dies,  about  3 
past  merid.,  of  a  fever.     Has  been  a  magis- 
trate forty  years.     Was  a  very  good  hus- 
bandman, and  a  very  good  Christian,  and 
a  good  councillor;    was  about  76  years 
old."    "  Third  day,  Nov.  7.    Mr.  Stough- 
ton,  in  his  speech  to  the  grand  jury,  takes 
great  notice  of  Judge  Danforth's  death ; 
saith  he  was  a  lover  of  religion  and  relig- 
ious men;  the  oldest  servant  the  country 
had ;   zealous  against  vice ;   and  if  [he] 
had  any  detractors,  yet    [there]   was   so 


much  on  the  other  as  to  erect  him  a  mon- 
ument among  this  people.  Mr.  Willard, 
in  his  prayer,  mentioned  God's  displeas- 
ure in  his  removal,  and  desired  the  Judges 
might  act  on  the  Bench  as  those  who 
must  also  shortly  go  to  give  their  account. 
Indeed  it  is  awful,  that  while  we  are  sit- 
ting on  the  bench,  at  the  same  time  the 
ancientest  Judge  should  be  lying  by  the 
wall,  dead,  in  his  house.  I  can't  tell  how 
it  came  about,  but  I  told  Mr.  Danforth  at 
Bristow  I  thought  he  would  never  come 
thither  again  ;  which  made  him  take  a 
more  particular  leave  than  otherwise  he 
would  have  done."  "  Sixth  day,  Nov.  10, 
1699.  Mr.  Danforth  is  entombed  about 
£  of  an  hour  before  4  P.  M.  Very  fair 
and  pleasant  day  ;  much  company.  Bear- 
ers: on  the  right  side,  Lt-Governor,  Mr. 
Russell,  Sewall ;  left  side,  Mr.  W.  Win- 
throp,  Mr.  Cook,  Col.  Phillip?.  I  helped 
lift  the  corpse  into  the  tomb,  carrying  the 
feet." 


118  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

son,  1661,  1662 ;  Edward  Winship,  1663,  1664,  1681-1686 ; 
Edward  Jackson,  1665-1668,  1675,  1676 ;  Joseph  Cooke,  1671, 
1676—1680  ;  Thomas  Prentice,  1672—1674 ;  Samuel  Champney, 
1686,  and  again,  after  the  Revolution,  from  1689  to  1695,  when 
he  died  in  office.  Their  names  should  be  in  perpetual  remem- 
brance. 


CHAPTER   X. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

IT  has  already  been  stated,  that  the  General  Court,  March  3, 
1635-6,  "  Agreed,  that  Newe  Towne  bounds  should  run  eight 
rayles  into  the  country  from  their  meeteing  howse,"  and  that 
large  farms,  near  the  eight  mile  line  were  soon  afterwards  granted 
by  the  town  ;  among  which  grants  was  one  to  Richard  Harlaken- 
den  of  "  six  hundred  acres  of  upland  and  meadow,  at  the  place 
called  Vine  Brook,  in  the  midway  between  Newtowne  and  Con- 
cord," on  certain  conditions,  Jan.  2,  1636—7.  This  tract  of  land 
was  in  the  central  portion  of  the  present  town  of  Lexington. 
The  conditions  of  the  grant  not  being  performed  by  Richard 
Harlakenden,  the  land  was  subsequently  granted  to  his  brother, 
Roger  Harlakenden,  who  died  in  1638.  Herbert  Pelham  married 
the  widow  of  Harlakenden,  and  became  the  owner  of  his  real  es- 
tate ;  he  bequeathed  this  property  to  his  son  Edward  Pelham,  who 
conveyed  by  deeds,  Oct.  28,  1693,  to  Benjamin  Muzzey  206  acres 
in  Cambridge,  towards  Concord,  being  a  part  of  "  Mr.  Pelham's 
farm,"  and  to  John  Poulter  212  acres  of  the  same  farm.  Precisely 
when  the  first  houses  were  erected  and  actual  settlements  com- 
menced at  the  "  Farms,"  so  called,  does  not  appear  on  record ; 
but  as  early  as  1682,  about  thirty  families  were  there,  generally 
styled  "  Farmers."  They  had  then  become  so  numerous  and  so 
strong,  that  they  desired  a  separation  from  the  parent  town  ;  but 
they  petitioned  at  first  to  be  made  a  distinct  parish.  Although 
they  were  unsuccessful  for  nine  years,  and  did  not  fully  accomplish 
their  purpose  for  more  than  thirty  years,  their  petition  and  the 
reply  to  it  are  inserted,  as  they  indicate  the  condition  of  the  peo- 
ple at  that  period. 

"  To  the  honorable  the  General  Court  now  assembled  in  Boston, 
October  llth,  1682. 

"  The  petition  of  several  of  the  inhabitants  within  the  bounds 
of  the  town  of  Cambridge  humbly  showeth  :  That  by  the  provi- 
dence of  God,  who  hath  determined  the  times  before  appointed 


120  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  the  bounds  of  the  habitations  of  all  men,  your  petitioners  are 
seated  at  a  great  distance,  the  nearest  of  them  above  five  miles 
(some  of  them  six,  some  seven,  some  eight,  some  nine  if  not  ten 
miles)  from  the  public  place  of  meeting  to  worship  God,  in  the 
town  that  we  appertain  unto :  that  your  petitioners,  by  reason 
thereof,  have  now  (many  of  us)  for  a  long  time  conflicted  with 
very  great  difficulties  in  respect  of  themselves,  who  have  been 
forced  to  be  absent  at  some  seasons  of  the  year,  and  especially 
their  children,  for  whose  spiritual  good  and  the  means  leading 
thereunto  they  desire  to  be  solicitous  as  well  as  for  themselves  : 
that  there  are  now  about  thirty  families,  in  which  are  contained 
at  least  one  hundred  and  eighty  souls,  within  the  circumstances 
and  condition  abovementioned  :  that  your  petitioners  have  hum- 
bly and  affectionately  represented  the  premises  to  the  Townsmen 
at  Cambridge,  at  their  meetings,  withal  signifying  their  desire  of 
liberty  from  them  to  call  a  minister  to  preach  amongst  them  and 
catechise  their  children,  they  being  willing  to  build  a  meeting- 
house which  may  be  situated  so  as  to  be  within  two  miles  and  an 
half  near  thirty  families,  and  to  advance  for  the  present  forty 
pounds  per  annum  for  his  maintenance :  that  the  premises  not- 
withstanding, they  have  as  yet  obtained  no  relief  or  encourage- 
ment from  the  town  of  Cambridge  in  this  affair.  Your  petition- 
ers, therefore,  who  are  the  heads  of  families,  fearing  the  sad  effects 
of  this  remoteness  from  the  public  worship  of  God  and  particu- 
larly in  respect  of  their  children  and  those  that  shall  come  after 
them,  lest  they  should  grow  weary  of  attendance  upon  the  public 
means  of  grace,  and  think  it  too  much  (as  Jeroboam  tells  Israel  it 
was  to  go  up  to  Jerusalem)  to  travel  so  many  miles  for  such  an 
end,  and  so  should  cease  to  worship  the  Lord  God  of  their  fath- 
ers, think  it  their  bounden  duty  humbly  to  address  to  this  honored 
Court,  praying  that  you  will  please  to  take  the  case  of  your  peti- 
tioners into  your  serious  consideration,  that  by  your  favor  thev 
may  be  licensed  to  provide  for  themselves  a  person  that  may  be 
meet  and  able  to  dispense  unto  them  the  word  of  God;  and 
that  in  order  thereunto  they  may  be  freed  from  payments  to 
the  town  of  Cambridge,  from  whom,  as  their  dear  and  beloved 
brethren,  they  no  ways  desire  separation  for  any  other  but  the 
forementioned  cause  alone  ;  declaring  it  to  have  been  their  stand- 
ing affliction  and  cause  of  grief  that,  by  reason  of  their  remote- 
ness, they  have  not  been  in  a  capacity,  according  to  their  desires, 
to  enjoy  more  fellowship  and  communion  with  them.  And  your 
petitioners  shall  pray,  as  in  duty  bound,  &c.  James  Cutler, 
Matthew  Bridge  Senr.,  David  Fiske  Sen'.,  Samuel  Stone,  Senr., 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  121 

Francis  Whitmore,  John  Tedd,  Ephraim  Winshipe,  John  Win- 
ter, in  the  behalf  of  the  rest  of  the  families."  l 

The  petitioners  presented  a  strong  case.  To  travel  so  far, 
every  week,  for  the  purpose  of  attending  public  worship  would 
now  be  regarded  as  a  grievous  burden  :  and  the  burden  was 
greater  two  hundred  years  ago,  when  travelling  was  almost  ex- 
clusively accomplished  on  horseback  or  on  foot.  But  the  peti- 
tion was  presented  in  a  time  of  general  distress  and  alarm.  The 
Charter,  regarded  as  the  palladium  of  liberty,  was  in  imminent 
peril,  and  there  were  fearful  apprehensions  of  calamities  which 
might  result  from  its  loss.  Financial  embarrassment  was  already 
felt,  and  general  bankruptcy  was  feared.  Under  such  circum- 
stances, the  town  opposed  the  petition  of  the  "  Farmers  "  and 
action  thereupon  was  "  respited  "  until  the  next  General  Court, 
at  which  time  the  town  presented  an  earnest  remonstrance  against 
the  proposed  dismemberment :  — 

"  To  the  honorable  the  General  Court  assembled  in  Boston, 
October  the  16th,  1683. 

"  Your  humble  supplicants,  the  selectmen  of  Cambridge,  in 
obedience  to  a  warrant  sent  to  us,  and  the  concerns  of  our  town, 
do  humbly  present  unto  your  Honors'  consideration,  in  answer 
to  a  petition  of  the  remote  farms  of  our  town.  Some  of  your 
Honors  may  yet  remember  the  unsettled  condition  of  this  church 
when  it  was  about  to  remove  to  Mattabesick,2  for  the  prevention 
of  which  the  honored  General  Court,  held  at  Boston,  in  March 
1643-4,  was  pleased  to  grant  to  this  Church  a  tract  of  land  at 
Shawshine,  and  another  parcel  adjoining  to  Concord  line,  for  the 
enlargement  of  our  boundaries,  and  to  enable  this  church  and 
towne  (with  the  rest  of  our  accommodations)  to  maintain  the 
ministry  in  this  place,  provided  the  then  Church  and  Elders  did 
continue  in  this  place  ;  which  condition  was  accordingly  per- 
formed, though  this  Church  and  town  (as  may  be  demonstrated) 
was  abler  to  maintain  the  ministry  and  defray  public  charges 
then  than  it  now  is,  by  reason  most  of  our  principal  men  are  now 
removed  from  us,  some  by  death  and  others  into  England  and 
other  countries.  We  also  humbly  present  unto  your  Honors' 
consideration  the  great  disenablement  of  our  church  and  town  by 
the  village  on  the  south  side  of  the  River  breaking  off  from  us,3 
which  was  so  considerable  a  part  of  our  town,  and  bare  a  consid- 
erable part  of  our  charge  in  the  maintenance  of  our  ministry, 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  xi.  24.  8  See  chap.  viii. 

2  See  chap.  vi. 


122  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  now  bears  none  of  that  nor  several  other  charges  our  town 
is  at ;  whereby  we  are  greatly  disenabled  so  comfortably  to 
maintain  our  ministry  and  discharge  our  public  charges  as  we 
want  and  ought  to  do,  by  reason  one  principal  arm  of  our  town 
is  cut  off,  and  our  accommodations  for  husbandry  so  poor  and 
small,  and  our  trade  so  little  and  inconsiderable,  that  it  is  even 
a  wonder  to  ourselves  how  we  do  subsist  and  carry  on  public 
charge  so  well  as  we  do,  though  we  do  it  not  so  well  as  we  should. 
We  therefore  present  unto  this  honorable  General  Court's  most 
serious  consideration  the  great  damage  it  will  be  to  this  poor 
Church  and  town,  (that  have  suffered  so  many  diminutions  al- 
ready), if  the  honored  Court  should  grant  our  Farmers'  petition 
to  let  them  have  a  ministry  of  their  own,  and  so  be  wholly  taken 
off  from  contributing  to  ours ;  but  much  more  should  we  be  dam- 
nified if  the  honored  Court  should  grant  any  part  of  our  outlands 
unto  them,  we  are  so  exceedingly  straitened  in  the  boundaries 
of  our  lands,  as  we  shall  plainly  demonstrate  to  the  honored 
Court.  For  the  distance  of  place  that  our  brethren  at  the  Farms 
are  from  the  public  meeting  with  us,  it  is  but  the  same  it  was 
when  they  first  settled  themselves  and  families  there ;  and  they 
have  there  other  conveniences  with  it,  and  Concord  is  not  far 
from  them,  which  in  bad  weather  they  may  go  unto.  If  we 
should  have  this  arm  cut  off  too,  we  shall  be  much  disenabled  to 
carry  on  God's  work  amongst  us,  both  in  Church  and  Common- 
wealth ;  that  as  it  hath  been  the  care  of  the  honored  fathers  of 
our  Commonwealth  formerly  to  take  care  for  the  subsistence  and 
well  being  of  this  senior  Church  of  Christ  in  Cambridge,  so  we 
still  crave  the  continued  care  of  the  honored  fathers  of  the  Com- 
monwealth now  in  being,  that  they  would  not  destroy  the  parent 
for  the  offspring.  We  humbly  leave  our  languishing  condition  to 
your  Honors'  most  serious  consideration  ;  and  your  supplicants 
shall  pray  as  in  duty  bound,  etc.  William  Manning,  Samu. 
Andrewe,  Samuel  Chamne,  in  the  name  of  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge." i 

The  consideration  of  this  petition  was  further  postponed  until 
the  next  General  Court.  Both  the  Council  and  the  House  of 
Representatives  manifested  a  willingness,  at  their  session  in  Octo- 
ber, 1684,  to  establish  a  village  at  the  Farms ;  but  they  could 
not  agree  where  the  division  line  should  be  drawn  between  the 
village  and  the  parent  town,  and  nothing  was  accomplished.2 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  xi.  25.  2  Mass.  Arch.,  xi.  27,  28. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  123 

During  the  troublous  times  which  succeeded,  —  the  disastrous 
administration  of  Andros  and  the  perilous  Revolution  which  fol- 
lowed, —  no  further  effort  appears  to  have  been  made  for  a  divis- 
ion of  the  town.  Seven  years  afterwards,  a  new  petition  was 
presented  ;  it  is  not  found  on  the  files  of  the  Court,  but  the  re- 
sult is  recorded  under  date  of  December  15,  1691 :  — 

"  Upon  reading  the  petition  of  the  Farmers  and  inhabitants  of 
the  Farms  within  the  precincts  and  bounds  of  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge towards  Concord,  therein  setting  forth  their  distance  (the 
nearest  of  them  living  above  five  miles)  from  Cambridge  meet- 
ing house,  the  place  of  the  public  worship,  praying  that,  according 
to  former  applications  by  them  several  years  since  made  unto 
this  Court  for  the  advantage  of  themselves,  families,  and  poster- 
ity, they  may  have  this  Court's  favor  and  license  in  order  to  the 
calling  of  a  fit  minister  for  dispensing  the  gospel  among  them  ; 
as  also  that  they  may  be  a  distinct  village  for  the  ends  proposed 
in  their  said  petition  :  —  the  selectmen  of  Cambridge  having  had 
a  copy  of  said  petition  sent  them,  with  a  notification  of  the  time 
for  their  being  heard  thereupon  this  day,  and  accordingly  attend- 
ing :  —  After  a  full  hearing  and  consideration  of  what  was  offered 
by  both  parties,  it  is  granted  and  ordered  by  this  Court,  that  the 
petitioners  be  and  are  hereby  permitted  and  allowed  to  invite 
and  settle  an  able  and  orthodox  minister  for  the  dispensing  of 
the  gospel  among  them  ;  and  that  all  inhabitants  being  within 
the  line  formerly  stated  by  a  Committee  of  this  Court,  anno 
1684,  beginning  at  the  first  run  of  water  or  swampy  place  over 
which  is  a  kind  of  bridge  in  the  way  on  the  southerly  side  of 
Francis  Whitmore's  house,  towards  the  town  of  Cambridge  afore- 
said, cross  the  neck  of  land  lying  between  Woburn  line  and  that 
of  Watertown  side,  upon  a  southwest  and  northeast  course,  do 
pay  unto  the  ministers  maintained  there  ;  and  are  hereby  em- 
powered annually  to  choose  three  or  five  meet  persons  to  assess 
their  inhabitants  for  the  support  and  maintenance  of  their  min- 
ister, as  also  a  Constable  or  Collector,  to  gather  the  same  by 
warrant  from  the  said  Assessors.  The  said  Farmers  not  being 
hereby  discharged  from  paying  their  proportion  as  formerly  unto 
all  public  charges  in  the  town,  except  what  refers  to  the  min- 
istry, so  long  as  they  maintain  an  able  minister  among  them- 
selves." l 

In  the  remonstrance  against  this  division,  in  1683,  it  was  rep- 
resented that  the  town  would  be  grievously  "  damnified  "  if  the 

1  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  vi.  205. 


124  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

"  outlands,"  or  common  lands  not  yet  divided,  should  be  granted 
to  the  petitioners.  The  Court  listened  thus  far  to  the  remon- 
strance, and  preserved  to  the  town  the  ownership  of  this  public 
property,  some  of  which  was  afterwards  sold  to  the  precinct. 
Two  such  sales  are  entered  on  the  Town  Records,  under  date  of 
Jan.  16,  1692-3.  It  should  be  added,  that  these  financial  trans- 
actions indicate  a  friendly  spirit  in  both  parties,  the  separation 
having  apparently  been  effected  without  such  sharp  controversy 
as  occurred  in  the  case  of  Newton.  In  the  same  spirit,  March 
11,  1699-1700,  the  town  "  voted,  to  give  the  little  meeting-house 
bell  to  the  Farmers.  Voted,  that  the  Selectmen,  in  the  name  of 
the  inhabitants,  do  give  their  thanks  to  Capt.  Andrew  Belcher 
for  the  bell  for  their  meeting-house  he  has  given  them." 

Twenty-one  years  after  their  establishment  as  a  precinct,  the 
Farmers,  according  to  their  original  design,  sought  to  be  entirely 
separated  from  the  town  of  Cambridge,  and  to  be  a  "  township  by 
themselves."  This  separation  was  readily  obtained  on  terms  sat- 
isfactory to  both  parties.  The  Cambridge  records  show  that,  — 
"  At  a  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  belonging  to  the  meeting  house 
in  the  Body  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  orderly  convened  the  1st 
December  1712,  Capt.  Thomas  Oliver  was  chosen  Moderator. 
And  whereas  the  Farmers,  at  their  public  meeting  on  the  28th  of 
October  last,  appointed  a  committee  to  petition  the  town  that 
they  may  be  dismissed  from  the  town,  and  be  a  township  by 
themselves,  as  appears  by  their  petition  bearing  date  the  6th 
November,  1712,  which  has  been  now  read ;  voted,  That  Capt. 
Thomas  Oliver,  Mr.  Jonathan  Remington,  and  Andrew  Bord- 
inan,  be  a  Committee  to  treat  with  the  Committee  appointed  by 
the  Farmers  aforesaid  ;  and  that  the  articles  to  be  proposed  to 
the  said  Committee,  as  terms  of  their  dismission,  are  their  pay- 
ing a  part  toward  the  charge  of  the  Great  Bridge,  and  to  the 
Town  House,  and  a  consideration  for  some  of  our  Poor."  The 
meeting  was  then  adjourned  until  Jan.  12,  1712-3,  at  which  time 
it  watT'  Voted,  That  the  Farmers,  upon  their  being  dismissed 
from  the  town,  shall  annually  pay  to  our  Town  Treasurer  such  a 
proportion  of  our  part  of  the  charge  of  the  Great  Bridge  over 
Charles  River  in  Cambridge  as  shall  fall  to  them  according  to 
their  annual  proportion  with  us  in  the  Province  Tax.  (2)  Voted, 
That  the  said  Farmers  shall  pay  their  proportion  of  twenty-five 
pounds  toward  the  arrears  of  our  Town  House.  The  aforesaid 
articles  being  complied  with  by  the  Farmers,  Voted  (3)  That  the 
article  that  has  been  proposed,  referring  to  their  paying  their 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  125 

proportion  toward  the  relief  of  some  of  our  Poor,  (viz.  Robert 
Webber  and  Richard  a  negro,  and  his  wife,)  be  referred  to  the 
Committee  formerly  appointed,  (viz.  Capt.  Oliver,  Mr.  Reming- 
ton, and  Andrew  Bordman,)  to  debate  further  upon,  who  are 
fully  empowered  in  behalf  of  the  town,  either  to  insist  upon  the 
said  article  or  to  consent  to  their  being  dismissed  from  the  town 
upon  the  articles  aforementioned  which  they  have  complied  with." 
In  accordance  with  this  agreement,  the  Farmers  were  incorporated 
March  20,  1712-13,  by  an  act  of  the  General  Court,  which  pro- 
vided that  the  "  tract  of  land  known  by  the  name  of  the  north- 
ern precinct  in  Cambridge  be  henceforth  made  a  separate  and 
distinct  town,  by  the  name  of  Lexington,  upon  the  articles  and 
terms  already  agreed  on  with  the  town  of  Cambridge."  1 

During  this  period  and  half  a  century  afterwards,  very  few 
public  events  occurred,  materially  affecting  the  welfare  of  Cam- 
bridge. Some  facts,  however,  though  of  a  more  private  or  per- 
sonal character,  should  not  be  entirely  overlooked,  as  they  throw 
light  on  the  state  of  society  and  the  condition  of  the  people. 

By  the  Town  Records  it  appears  that  Cullers  of  Bricks  were 
first  elected,  Nov.  10,  1684 :  Town  Clerk,  as  an  officer  distinct 
from  the  Selectmen,  March  13,  1692-3 :  Town  Treasurer,  March 
30,  1694:  Assessors,  July  16,  1694. 

The  County  Records  indicate  that  Thomas  Danforth  was 
Treasurer  of  Middlesex,  before  1657,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Edward  Goffe,  who  died  in  1658,  and  John  Stedman  was  ap- 
pointed, who  held  the  office  until  1683 ;  Samuel  Andrew  was  his 
successor  and  remained  in  office  until  1700,  except  during  the 
administration  of  Andros.  All  these  were  Cambridge  men.  In 
the  settlement  of  the  Treasurer's  accounts,  charges  were  allowed 
in  1690,  to  wit :  "  52  wolves  killed  by  the  English,  20s.  per  wolf, 
and  one  killed  by  an  Indian,  10%  is  ,£52.  10"  ....  Paid  one  half 
the  charge  of  Cambridge  Great  Bridge,  <£26.  7s- 6d-."  And  in 
1696,  the  Treasurer  was  allowed  twelve  pence  in  the  pound  of 
all  collections  and  disbursements  ;  Grand  Jurors  were  paid  two 
shillings  per  day  for  attendance  ;  no  allowance  was  made  for 
travel,  but  the  county  paid  for  their  dinners  at  one  shilling  each. 
Seventy-six  wolves  had  been  killed,  and  13s.  4c?.  per  head  was 
allowed  in  compensation. 

May  22,  1691.  "  Upon  the  death  of  John  Green,  late  Mar- 
shal General,  in  the  beginning  of  the  last  Court  of  Assistants, 
Mr.  Samuel  Gookin  being  appointed  by  said  Court  to  supply  that 

l  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  ix.  258,  259. 


126  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

vacancy,  and  sworn  to  the  faithful  discharge  of  his  duty  in  that 
place,  the  said  Samuel  Gookin  is  hereby  confirmed  in  the  said 
office  of  Marshal  General  of  this  Colony."  1 

June  17, 1700.  The  General  Court  granted  five  pounds,  to  aid 
in  repairing  the  road  to  Connecticut,  "  especially  betwixt  Woos- 
ter  and  Brookfield,"  which  was  described  as  "  much  incumbered 
with  trees  fallen,  and  many  rocky  swamps,  and  other  obstructions 
to  travellers,  drovers,  and  others,  to  the  hazarding  life  or  limb  of 
both  men  and  horses."2  Six  years  earlier,  Rev.  Benjamin  Wads- 
worth,  afterwards  President  of  Harvard  College,  accompanied  the 
commissioners  appointed  to  treat  with  the  Maquas  or  Mohawks, 
at  Albany,  and  travelled  over  this  road  to  Brookfield,  then  gener- 
ally called  Quaboag :  "  Capt.  Sewal  and  Major  Townsend,  being 
commissioned  to  treat  with  the  Mockways,  set  out  from  Boston 
about  half  an  hour  past  twelve,  Monday,  August  6,  1694.  Sev- 
eral gentlemen  did  accompany  them  to  Watertown,  and  then 
returned.  At  Watertown  we  met  with  Lieutenant  Hammond 
and  thirty  troopers,  who  were  appointed  for  a  guard  to  Spring- 
field. We  came  to  our  first  stage  at  Malberough,  about  half  an 
hour  past  eight  in  the  evening.  We  lodged  at  Abraham  How's,3 
and  thence  set  forward  the  next  morning  about  half  an  hour  past 
seven  of  the  clock.  There  was  nothing  remarkable  this  day,  but 
only  Mr.  Dwite,  of  Hatford,  did  accidentally  fall  into  our  com- 
pany, and  after  the  same  manner,  soil,  accidentally,  he  and  his 
horse  both  together  fell  into  a  brook ;  but  both  rose  again  with- 
out damage.  This  day  we  dined  in  the  woods.  Pleasant  descants 
were  made  upon  the  dining  room :  it  was  said  that  it  was  large, 
high,  curiously  hung  with  green ;  our  dining  place  was  also  ac- 
commodated with  the  pleasancy  of  a  murmuring  rivulet.  This 
day,  some  of  our  company  saw  a  bear ;  but  being  near  a  thick 
swamp,  he  escaped  our  pursuit.  Towards  night  we  heard  (I 
think)  three  guns  ;  but  we  knew  not  who  shot  them.  Our  whole 
company  come  this  day  to  Quaboag,  about  sundown,  not  long 
before  nor  after."  4  The  easterly  section  of  this  road  is  mentioned 
by  Pemberton,  under  date  of  Sept.  30,  1783,  in  his  manuscript 
"  Chronology,"  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Mass.  Hist.  Society : 
"  A  gentleman  of  this  State  remarks,  '  that  soon  after  the  set- 
tlement of  our  Fathers  at  Boston,  the  persons  appointed  to 
explore  the  country,  and  lay  out  public  roads  did  it  as  far  as  the 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  vi.  184.  »  The  "Wayside  Inn,"  celebrated  by 

2  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  vii.  99.  Longfellow. 

4  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc  ,  xxxi.  102. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  127 

bank  by  Mrs.  Biglow  in  Weston,  and  reported  that  they  had  done 
it  as  far  as  they  believed  would  ever  be  necessary,  it  being  about 
seven  miles  from  the  College  in  Cambridge.'  '  It  is  proper  to 
add,  that  I  have  never  seen  any  contemporary  authority  for  this 
extraordinary  statement. 

Col.  Shute,  the  newly  appointed  Governor  of  Massachusetts 
and  New  Hampshire,  arrived  in  Boston,  Oct.  4,  1716,  and  on  the 
15th  day  of  the  same  month  commenced  a  journey  to  New  Hamp- 
shire. Instead  of  crossing  the  ferry  to  Charlestown,  he  passed 
out  of  Boston  over  the  neck,  through  Roxbury  and  Brookline,  to 
Cambridge  Great  Bridge.  The  commencement  of  his  journey, 
and  the  manner  of  his  reception  in  Cambridge,  are  described  in 
the  "  Boston  News  Letter,"  October  22, 1716  :  "  On  Monday  last, 
the  15th  current,  his  Excellency,  our  Governor,  about  eight 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  set  out  from  hence  by  land  for  his  other 
government  of  New  Hampshire,  attended  by  the  honorable  the 
Lieut.-Governor  and  several  of  the  chief  gentlemen  of  this  and 
that  Province,  and  on  this  side  of  the  river  was  met  by  Spencer 
Phips  Esq.,  with  his  Troop  of  Horse,  the  Sheriff  of  Middlesex, 
and  other  gentlemen  of  that  County,  and  by  them  conducted  to 
Harvard  College  in  Cambridge,  where  he  was  received  by  the 
President,  Fellows,  and  Students,  and  entertained  in  the  Hall 
with  a  congratulatory  Latin  Oration,  by  Mr.  Thomas  Foxcroft : 
after  which  his  Excellency  was  pleased  to  take  a  view  of  the  Li- 
brary, and  then  proceeded  on  his  journey  to  Lynn,"  etc. 

Col.  Edmund  Goffe  was  elected  Representative,  June  6,  1721. 
"  Samuel  Smith  was  charged  with  putting  in  two  votes  in  the 
first  voting  for  Representative,  made  oath  that  he  put  in  but  one 
vote  for  Representative.  Also  Daniel  Gookin  being  charged  with 
putting  in  two  votes  at  the  second  voting  for  a  Representative, 
made  oath  that  he  put  in  but  one  vote  for  a  Representative :  said 
oaths  were  administered  in  the  public  meeting  per  Mr.  Justice 
Leverett."  J 

In  1721,  the  small-pox  prevailed  more  extensively  and  fatally 
than  ever  before  in  Boston  and  its  vicinity.  A  statement  of  re- 
sults was  made  officially  in  the  u  Boston  News  Letter  "  :  "  Boston, 
Feb.  24, 1721-2.  By  the  Selectmen.  The  number  of  persons  vis- 
ited with  the  small-pox  since  its  coming  into  town,  in  April  last 
past,  having  been  inquired  into  by  direction  from  the  Selectmen, 
amounts  to  5,889  :  —  844  of  whom  died  and  were  buried  in  the 
preceding  months,  as  follows :  —  May,  1 ;  June,  8 ;  July,  11 ;  Aug., 

1  Town  Records. 


128  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

26  ;  Sept.,  101 ;  Oct.,  411 ;  Nov.,  249  ;  Dec.,  31 ;  Jan.,  6."  The 
extent  of  the  destruction  of  life  in  Cambridge,  by  this  scourge,  is 
not  known  with  exactness ;  but  references  to  it  are  found  in  the 
"  New  England  Courant:"  "  Cambridge,  Thursday,  Nov.  30, 1721. 
This  morning  died  here  William  Hutchinson,  of  Boston,  Esq.,  of 
the  small-pox,  in  the  38th  year  of  his  age."  (Dec.  4,  1721.) 
"  Last  week  died  one  of  the  Indian  hostages  (mentioned  in  our 
last)  of  the  small-pox  at  Cambridge."  (Jan.  22, 1721-2.)  "  On 
Friday  last,  the  General  Assembly  of  this  Province  met  at  Cam- 
bridge, there  not  being  a  sufficient  number  of  members  to  make 
a  House  on  Wednesday,  to  which  day  they  were  before  pro- 
rogued. They  are  adjourned  till  Tuesday  next,  when  they  are 
to  meet  a  few  miles  out  of  town,  the  small-pox  being  now  in  the 
heart  of  that  place."  (March  5,  1721-2.)  The  Town  Records 
show  that  a  Committee  was  appointed,  Jan.  29,  1721-2,  to  pro- 
vide "  for  the  relief  of  such  persons  and  families  as  may  stand  in 
need  thereof,  in  case  the  small-pox  spread  amongst  us."  Inocula 
tion  for  the  small-pox  was  first  introduced  in  Boston  at  this  time 
by  Dr.  Zabdiel  Boylston,  who  encountered  the  most  violent  oppo- 
sition. "  Out  of  286  persons  who  were  inoculated  for  the  small- 
pox, but  six  died."  1 

In  1730,  the  small-pox  again  prevailed  in  Cambridge  with 
alarming  violence.  Nine  town  meetings  were  held  between 
March  20  and  April  3,  to  devise  means  for  its  extermination. 
A  vote  passed  at  the  first  of  these  meetings  indicates  that  inocu- 
lation had  been  injudiciously  or  carelessly  practiced :  "  Whereas 
Samuel  Danforth,  Esq's  late  practice  of  inoculation  of  small-pox 
amongst  us  has  greatly  endangered  the  town,  and  distressed 
sundry  families  amongst  us,  which  is  very  disagreeable  to  us ; 
wherefore,  voted,  that  said  Samuel  Danforth,  Esq.  be  desired 
forthwith  to  remove  such  inoculated  persons  into  some  conven- 
ient place,  whereby  our  town  may  n't  be  exposed  by  them."  The 
College  studies  were  broken  up  for  a  time  ;  but  the  students  were 
recalled  by  an  advertisement,  dated  May  2,  1730,  and  published 
in  the  "Weekly  Journal :"  "  The  small-pox  having  been  lately  at 
Cambridge,  which  occasioned  the  dispersion  of  the  scholars  to 
escape  danger ;  but  now,  through  the  Divine  goodness,  that  dis- 
temper having  utterly  ceased  here ;  it  is  agreed  and  ordered  by 
the  President  and  Tutors,  that  the  undergraduates  forthwith 
repair  to  the  College,  to  follow  their  studies  and  stated  exercise.3. 
Benjamin  Wadsworth,  Pres."  The  distemper  returned  again 

1  Drake's  Hist.  Boston,  pp.  562,  563. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  129 

before  the  end  of  the  year,  as  appears  by  a  paragraph  in  the 
"  News  Letter,"  dated  Oct.  8,  1730 :  "  We  hear  from  Cambridge, 
that  Mr.  William  Patten,  Representative  for  the  town  of  Billerica, 
being  taken  sick  of  the  small-pox,  while  the  General  Assembly 
was  sitting  there,  is  since  dead,  and  was  interred  on  Monday  last, 
the  5th  instant."  On  Saturday,  Oct.  3,  the  Court  was  adjourned 
to  meet  at  Roxbury  on  the  next  Wednesday. 

Again,  in  1752,  the  small-pox  caused  the  cessation  of  study  in 
College  from  April  22  until  Sept.  2 ;  and  the  corporation  voted, 
May  4,  "  that  there  be  no  public  Commencement  this  year,"  and 
in  October  voted  to  have  no  winter  vacation.  The  town  ap- 
pointed a  committee,  May  18,  to  devise  measures  to  prevent  the 
spreading  of  the  disease,  and  on  the  3d  of  October,  "  voted  that 
a  public  contribution  be  in  the  three  parts  of  this  town,  next 
Lord's-day  come  seven  night,  for  the  speedy  raising  of  money  to 
defray  the  charges  the  town  have  been  at  in  the  support,  &c.,  of 
sundry  persons  lately  visited  with  the  srnall-pox,  belonging  to  this 
town.  Also  voted  that  the  thanks  of  this  town  be  given  to  the 
Selectmen  of  the  town  of  Charlestown  for  their  great  friendship, 
assistance  and  civility  to  us,  when  visited  with  the  small-pox."  I 
find  no  record  of  the  number  of  lives  destroyed  in  Cambridge  by 
this  visitation  of  the  small-pox.  But  its  ravages  were  frightful 
in  Boston  during  the  previous  year.  Professor  Winthrop  re- 
corded the  fact,  in  his  interleaved  Almanac,  that  while  only  five 
persons  in  Cambridge  had  the  disease  in  1751,  of  whom  three 
died,  in  Boston,  with  a  total  population  of  15,734,  5,060  whites 
had  it  the  natural  way,  of  whom  470  died  ;  also,  485  blacks,  of 
whom  69  died ;  and  by  inoculation  1,985  whites  and  139  blacks 
were  sick,  of  whom  24  whites  and  6  blacks  died. 

The  town  continued,  as  aforetime,  to  be  watchful  against  the 
admission  of  undesirable  associates.  "  At  a  meeting  of  the  free- 
holders and  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  orderly  con- 
vened 9th  Decr.  1723.  —  Whereas,  of  late  years,  sundry  persons 
and  families  have  been  received  and  entertained  amongst  us,  to 
the  great  trouble  of  the  Selectmen  and  damage  of  the  town  :  for 
preventing  such  inconveniences  for  the  future.  Voted,  that  hence- 
forth no  freeholder  nor  inhabitant  in  said  town  shall  receive  or 
admit  any  family  into  our  town  to  reside  amongst  us  for  the  space 
of  a  month,  without  first  having  obtained  the  allowance  and  ap- 
probation of  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants  of  said  town,  or  of 
the  Selectmen  for  the  time  being,  on  penalty  of  paying  to  the 
Treasurer  of  said  town,  for  the  use  of  the  poor,  the  sum  of  twenty 

9 


130  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

shillings.  Also  voted,  that  no  inhabitant  in  said  town  shall  re- 
ceive and  entertain  any  person  into  their  family  (excepting  such 
as  are  received  by  reason  of  marriage,  or  such  as  are  sent  for 
education,  or  men  or  maid  servants  upon  wages,  or  purchased 
servants  or  slaves),  for  the  space  of  a  month,  without  having  the 
Allowance  and  approbation  of  the  freeholders  and  inhabitants,  or 
selectmen,  as  aforesaid,  on  penalty  of  paying  the  sum  of  twenty 
shillings  for  the  use  of  the  poor,  as  aforesaid." 

The  meeting-house  was  equally  guarded  against  improper  in- 
trusion, though  by  a  less  severe  penalty.  On  the  12th  of  May, 
1729,  it  was  "  Voted,  that  so  often  as  any  dog  or  dogs  is  or  are 
seen  in  the  meeting  house  on  the  Lord's  day  in  the  time  of  pub- 
lic worship,  the  owner  or  owners  of  said  dog  or  dogs  shall  for 
every  such  offence  pay  one  shilling,  half  to  go  to  the  officer  ap- 
pointed to  regulate  said  dogs,  the  other  half  part  of  said  fine  to 
be  for  the  use  of  the  poor  of  the  town.  And  on  refusal  to  pay 
said  fine  or  fines,  the  aforesaid  officer  is  hereby  obliged,  author- 
ized and  empowered  to  prosecute  the  owners  of  the  above  de- 
scribed dogs  before  any  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the 
Peace  in  said  County.  This  to  continue  for  one  year." 

March  10,  1728-9.  "  Put  to  vote,  whether  said  inhabitants 
would  grant  the  sum  of  50<£.  for  Joseph  Hanford,  to  fit  him  out 
in  the  practice  of  physic,  and  it  passed  in  the  negative." 

In  1736,  John  Vassall  (afterwards  Major  and  Colonel)  pur- 
chased the  large  estate  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Brattle  and 
Ash  streets,  and  became  a  resident  in  Cambridge.  He  was  born 
in  the  West  Indies,  inherited  a  princely  fortune,  married  (in 
1734)  a  daughter  of  Lieut.-gov.  Spencer  Phips,  became  at  once  a 
very  popular  citizen,  and  was  elected  Selectman  and  Representa- 
tive in  1739,  and  again  in  1740.  Shortly  after  his  second  elec- 
tion, some  enthusiastic  friend  thus  exulted  in  the  "  Weekly  Jour- 
nal "  of  May  20,  1740  :  "  Cambridge,  May  19.  On  Monday 
last  came  on  the  choice  of  a  Representative  for  this  town  in 
the  approaching  General  Assembly.  The  meeting  was  as  full 
as  most  that  ever  were  known  among  us  on  such  an  occasion, 
there  being  109  qualified  voters  present  at  it.  After  the  Select- 
men had  put  an  end  to  some  tedious  contests  and  lingering  de- 
lays, (which  arose  on  adjusting  preliminaries,  and  which  only 
interrupted  and  kept  off  the  business  of  the  day,)  we  at  length 
had  the  liberty  to  proceed  fairly  to  the  choice  ;  and  then  it  SOON 
appeared  that  Mr.  John  Vassall  was  chosen  by  the  overbearing 
majority  of  more  than  double  the  number  of  all  those  votes  which 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  131 

were  not  for  him,  viz.  by  the  majority  of  75  to  34  ;  a  proportion 
much  greater  on  the  side  of  the  person  chosen  our  Representative 
this  year  than  he  l  had  who  was  our  Representative  the  last.  By 
this  it  seems  a  certain  person  elect  has  a  growing  interest." 
Alas  for  the  fickleness  of  popular  favor.  Mr.  Vassall  was  not 
afterwards  elected  either  Selectman  or  Representative  until  a  few 
months  before  his  death  in  1747.  His  "  interest "  attained  its 
full  growth  suddenly,  like  Jonah's  gourd,  and  as  suddenly  col- 
lapsed. He  was  disturbed  by  a  disparaging  remark  of  a  towns- 
man, and  sought  legal  redress  with  disastrous  result.  The  his- 
tory of  the  suit  is  entered  on  the  Records  of  the  Inferior  Court 
for  the  County  of  Middlesex,  December  term,  1740,  page  172. 
By  this  it  appears  that  Samuel  Whittemore  of  Cambridge,  Dep- 
uty Sheriff,  on  the  13th  of  March,  1739,  declared  publicly  that 
though  Mr.  Vassall  had  been  elected  Selectman,  he  "  was  no  more 
fit  to  discharge  said  trust  than  the  horse  that  he,  the  said  Samuel, 
then  rode  on."  On  the  next  day  Vassall  commenced  suit,  claim- 
ing ,£1,000  damage  for  defamation  of  character  ;  he  caused 
Whittemore  to  be  arrested  and  imprisoned.  On  the  trial,  two 
months  afterwards,  the  Court  adjudged  that  "  the  words  .... 
spoken  by  the  said  Samuel  were  not  actionable."  Vassall  ap- 
pealed to  the  Superior  Court,  which  affirmed  the  judgment  of 
the  Inferior  Court.  Whittemore  then  sued  Vassall,  for  false  and 
malicious  imprisonment,  and  recovered  £200  damage  and  costs  of 
court.  So  much  appears  on  record.  Tradition  says  that  the  writ 
was  served  on  Vassall  at  his  own  table,  when  surrounded  by  a 
large  and  fashionable  dinner-party. 

Mr.  Vassall  was  equally  unsuccessful  in  his  appeal  to  the 
General  Court  for  protection  against  what  he  regarded  as  a  per- 
sonal insult  and  an  encroachment  on  his  official  privileges.  John 
Hovey  had  recovered  judgment  against  him  on  two  bonds,  not- 
withstanding his  "  plea  of  privilege  (as  on  file)  which  was  over- 
ruled by  the  Court,"  and  had  levied  on  his  estate.  The  Records 
of  the  General  Court  show  that  notice  was  issued,  Dec.  5,  1740, 
to  John  Hovey  and  Samuel  Gookin,  to  make  answer  to  Mr.  John 
Vassall,  Representative  of  Cambridge,  who  complained  of  sundry 
insults  received  from  them.  Dec.  10,  Mr.  Samuel  Gookin  ap- 
peared, and  the  case  was  fully  examined.  "  Then  the  question 
was  put,  whether  it  appears  to  this  House  that  an  attachment 
being  served  on  Mr.  John  Vassall's  estate  on  the  18th  of  Novem- 

1  He  was  his  own  predecessor.     The  increased  majority  indicate-!  the  "growing 
interest." 


132  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ber  last  is  a  breach  of  the  privileges  of  the  members  of  this 
House.  It  passed  in  the  negative."  But  this  was  not  the  end. 
December  18,  1740,  "  A  petition  of  Mr.  John  Hovey  of  Cam- 
bridge, praying  that  this  House  would  order  Mr.  John  Vassall, 
the  member  of  Cambridge,  to  refund  his  expenses  occasioned  by 
an  unjust  and  groundless  complaint  of  said  Mr.  Vassall,  partic- 
ularly mentioned  in  said  petition,  for  the  reasons  exhibited, — 
read,  and  in  answer  thereto,  ordered,  that  the  said  John  Vassall 
pay  to  the  petitioner,  the  said  John  Hovey,  the  sum  of  ten 
pounds,  in  full  recompense  for  his  time  and  expense  occasioned 
by  said  complaint." 

An  epidemic  occasioned  great  alarm  in  1740.  It  was  called 
the  "  throat  distemper,"  and  was  probably  the  same  "  influenza  " 
which  Thacher  describes  :  "  The  amazing  rapidity  with  which  it 
spread  through  the  country  resembled  more  a  storm  agitating  the 
atmosphere  than  the  natural  progress  of  a  disease  from  any  con- 
tagious source.  Almost  a  whole  city,  town,  or  neighborhood, 
became  affected  with  its  influence  in  a  few  days,  and  as  it  did  not 
incapacitate  people  in  general  from  pursuing  their  ordinary  occu- 
pations, it  was  common  to  observe,  in  every  street  and  place  of 
resort,  a  constant  coughing,  hawking,  and  wheezing,  and,  in  pub- 
lic assemblies,  little  else  was  to  be  heard  or  attended  to.  Al- 
though all  classes  of  people  experienced  the  operation  of  the  in- 
fluenza, it  is  remarkable  that  a  small  number,  comparatively 
speaking,  were  so  ill  as  to  require  medical  attendance,  and  in- 
stances of  its  fatal  termination  were  of  rare  occurrence."  l  It 
proved  so  fatal  here,  however,  that  the  students  were  dismissed 
from  College  by  vote  passed  June  23,  1740  :  "  Whereas,  through 
the  holy  Providence  of  God,  several  families  in  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge are  visited  with  the  throat  distemper,  and  the  President's 
and  Steward's  families  are  under  very  afflicted  circumstances  by 
reason  of  that  mortal  sickness ;  and  whereas  we  apprehend  that 
there  is  great  danger  of  the  distemper  spreading  and  prevailing 
as  it  hath  done  formerly  in  other  places,  and  that  the  students 
are  much  endangered  thereby  ;  therefore  Voted,  that  they  be  im- 
mediately dismissed  from  the  College,  and  that  the  vacation  begin 
from  this  time ;  and  that  the  Commencement  for  this  year  be  not 
until  the  expiration  of  the  vacation."  2 

1  Me.dical  Biography,  i.  28.  grandchild   Andrew    Bordman    died    24 

2  In  a  private  note-book,  the  steward  June  1740:  both  of  the  distemper  called 
of  the  College,  Andrew  Bordman,  Esq.,  the   throat   distemper."     Memorials    are 
made    this    record:     "Our    grandchild,  found  in  the  burial-place,  of  " Mrs.  Mar- 
Ruth  Bordman,  died  23  June  1740:  our  garet  Holyoke,  wife  to  the  Revd.  Mr.  Ed- 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  133 

In  former  days,  each  town  was  required  to  pay  its  own  Repre- 
sentatives in  the  General  Court,  and  was  liable  to  a  fine  if  not 
duly  represented.  This  town,  however,  on  the  14th  of  May, 
1750,  "  Voted,  that  the  town  will  make  choice  of  two  Represen- 
tatives to  represent  them  at  the  next  General  Court,  or  Assem- 
bly, provided  the  same  serve  the  town  gratis  :  also  voted,  that 
they  will  proceed  to  choose  two  Representatives,  upon  that  condi- 
tion only,  that  those  who  are  chosen  be  not  the  Representatives 
of  said  town  unless,  upon  their  choice,  they  declare  that  they  will 
serve  the  town  gratis,  as  aforesaid.  Then  Andrew  Bordman 
and  Edmund  Trowbridge  Esqs.  were  chosen  Representatives,"  and 
both  accepted  the  office.  The  same  course  was  pursued  the  next 
year,  and  the  same  persons  were  elected.  But,  in  1752,  Andrew 
Bordman  refused  the  office  on  this  condition,  and  Henry  Vassall 
was  elected  in  his  stead.  This  practice  was  soon  afterwards 
wholly  abandoned. 

April  19,  1754.  The  territory  lying  west  of  Sparks  Street  and 
south  of  Vassall  Lane  was  transferred  from  Watertown  to  Cam- 
bridge by  the  General  Court,  by  a  line  described  thus  :  "  To 
begin  at  Charles  River,  and  from  thence  to  run  in  the  line  be- 
tween the  lands  of  Simon  Coolidge,  Moses  Stone,  Christopher 
Grant,  and  the  Thatchers,  and  the  land  of  Col°.  Brinley  and 
Ebenezer  Wyeth,  to  the  Fresh  Pond,  so  called." l  Several 
acres  were  subsequently  added  to  Cambridge,  bounded  westerly 
on  Coolidge  Avenue,  extending  to  and  including  the  Cambridge 
Cemetery. 

Some  excitement  was  occasioned  as  late  as  1754,  by  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  bear  in  the  easterly  part  of  Cambridge,  long  after 
we  might  suppose  this  section  of  the  country  to  have  been  rid  of 
wild  beasts.  The  "  Boston  News  Letter  "  of  September  19,  con- 
tained this  paragraph.  "  On  Tuesday  last,  a  Bear,  that  had 
wandered  down  to  Cambridge,  was  discovered  on  Lieut.  Govr. 
Phips'  farm,2  and  being  closely  pursued  took  to  Charles  River ; 
whereupon  several  boats  put  off  from  Charlestown,  and  one  from 

ward    Holyoke,    President    of    Harvard  1  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  xx.  228. 

College,"  who  died  June  25,  1740,  aged  2  This  farm  embraced  East  Cambridge, 

39  ;  and   of  "  William    Holyoke,"   their  and  extended  westerly  nearly  to  Columbia 

"youngest  son,"  who  died  June  23,  1740,  Street.     Five  years  later,  in  September, 

aged   nearly   three  years.      Similar   me-  1759,   Dr.   Belknap,    then    a   student    in 

morials   are    found    of    two   children   of  Harvard     College,    made    this    record  : 

Mr.  Ebenezer    Stedman,  —  Martha,  who  "  A  great  many  bears  killed  at  Cambridge 

died  June  23,   1740,  aged  4  years;  and  and    the    neighboring   towns   about   this 

Sarah,    who   died   June  24,   1740,   aged  time,  and  several  persons  killed  by  them." 

nearly  6  years.     The  dates  indicate  that  — Life  of  Belknap,  p.  11. 
all  these  were  victims  of  the  same   dis- 
ease. 


134  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

the  west  part  of  this  town,  which  last  shot  and  entered  two  bul- 
lets into  him  ;  but  not  killing  him,  the  Bear  made  directly  towards 
the  boat  and  got  one  paw  upon  the  side,  upon  which  one  of  the 
men  struck  an  adze  into  his  skull,  and  despatched  him  in  an  in- 
stant, and  brought  him  ashore.  The  whole  of  the  body  weighed 
196  pounds.  When  he  was  opened,  a  great  number  of  the  bones 
of  fowls  &c.  were  found  in  his  belly." 

The  earliest  notice  which  I  have  seen  of  a  fire-engine  in  Cam- 
bridge is  dated  March  3,  1755,  when,  "  upon  the  motion  of  Capt. 
Ebenezer  Stedman  and  others,  referring  to  the  town's  agreeing 
with  Henry  Vassall  Esq.,  who  has  an  Engine  and  is  willing  the 
same  should  be  improved  for  the  town's  use  on  certain  conditions, 
the  question  was  put  whether  the  town  would  act  on  said  motion, 
and  it  passed  in  the  negative."  In  all  probability,  however,  the 
town  then  possessed  one  or  more  engines.  Boston  had  one  before 
1679,  and  seven  as  early  as  1733  ;  :  and  Cambridge  would  not 
be  likely  to  remain  entirely  destitute.  Yet  the  machines  then  in 
use  might  seem  almost  worthless,  compared  with  the  powerful 
steam-engines  recently  introduced. 

The  Town  Record  of  Births  and  Deaths  in  the  last  three  quar- 
ters of  the  eighteenth  century  is  very  imperfect  ;  all  the  deaths 
recorded  between  1722  and  1772  are  contained  on  two  folio  pages. 
Professor  Winthrop  inserted  brief  bills  of  mortality,  for  a  few 
years,  in  his  interleaved  almanacs,  which  afford  a  glimpse  of  the 
truth  :  — 

"  1758.     Bill  of  mortality  in  first  Parish  in  Cambridge.2 

Under         2  years  old  12  Between  40  and  50  =  1 

Between     2  and   5  =  2  Between  50  and  60  =  1 

Between     5  and  10  =  0  Between  60  and  70  =  1         Whites,  20 

Between  10  and  20  =  1  Between  70  and  80  =  0         Blacks,     5 

Between  20  and  30  =  2  Between  80  and  90  =  3  ~25  " 

Between  30  and  40  =  2  ~~2lT 

1762.     Causes  of  death,  etc. 


"  Accidental, 
Age, 
Colic, 
Consumption, 
Dysentery, 

1 
1 

1 
7 
2 

Fits, 
Infancy, 
-      Palsy, 
Sore, 
Stillborn, 

1 
2 
1 
1 
1 

Males, 
Females, 

Whites, 
Blacks, 

10 
8 

18 

15 
3 

1ft 

Drake's  Ilia.  Boston,  431,  593.  2  The  First  Parish  then  embraced  what 

is  now  the  whole  city. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  135 

1763.     Causes  of  death,  etc. 

"  Accidental,         2  Fit,    (suddenly)     2          Males,      10 

Cancer,  2  Infancy,  9  Females,  10 

Consumption,     1  Palsy,  1  ^7T 

Dropsy,  3  —  

Whites,    17 
Blacks,      3 


20." 

In  the  "  Boston  News  Letter,"  November  30,  1764,  is  a  refer- 
ence to  a  custom  then  recently  introduced,  but  unwisely  aban- 
doned afterwards.  "  On  Monday  the  19th  instant  died  at  Cam- 
bridge, in  the  78th  year  of  her  age  Mrs.  Hannah  Burrill,  relict  of 
the  late  Hon.  Theophilus  Burrill  Esq.,  and  sister  to  the  Rev.  Mr. 
President  Holyoke,  at  whose  house  she  had  for  some  time  past 
resided.  She  was  a  gentlewoman  of  a  virtuous  disposition,  and 
possessed  of  many  amiable  qualities.  Her  remains  were  interred 
the  Thursday  following,  without  the  expense  of  mourning  ap- 
parel, agreeable  to  the  laudable  method  now  practised  in  Boston. 
As  this  is  the  first  example  of  the  kind  in  that  town,  and  intro- 
duced by  a  gentleman  of  so  worthy  and  respectable  a  character, 
we  doubt  not  it  will  acquire  imitation."  1 

1  Rev.  John  Cotton  of  Newton,  in  a  let-  apprentices  to  him,  were  also.     90  dozen 

ter  dated  Nov.  7,  1717,  and  preserved  in  of  gloves  were  bought,  and  none  of  any 

the  library  of  the  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  says  figure  but  what  had  gloves  sent  'em." 
that  at  the  funeral  of  Hon.  Andrew  Bel-        A  bill  of  expenses  at  the  funeral  of  Col. 

cher,  "  All  the  ministers  there  had  scarves  Edmund  Goffe,  in  October,  1 740,  remains 

and  gloves.     They  say  50  suits  of  cloaths  on  file  in  the  Probate  Office  ;  it  was  ren- 

were  made.    All  first  cousins,  Remington,  dered    by    Edmund    Trowbridge,    Esq., 

Blowers,  &c.,  put  into  mourning.    John  grand  nephew  of  the  deceased.    Among 

Colman,  Caswell,  &c.,  all  that  had  been  the  charges  are  these :  — 

"  To  5  pair  of  gloves  at  7s.  Gd.,  and  a  mourning  weed,  £1  17     6 

To  a  pair  of  shoe  buckles,  6s.,  knee  buckles,  4s.  6c?.,  black  studs,  Is.  3d.,     Oil     9 

To  a  hat,  60s.,  mourning  wigg,  £5,  800 

To  a  pair  of  gloves,  black  silk,  25s.  150 

To  a  suit  of  mourning  for  the  widow,  and  pair  of  shoes,  30    0    0 

To  another  pair  of  black  silk  gloves,  25s.  150 

To  ten  rings  of  Mr.  Hurd,  as  per  account,  23  14    0 

To  mourning  for  my  aunt  Barnard,  33     6     0 

To  the  same  for  my  sister  Dana,  33     6     0 

To  a  pair  of  gloves  for  her  husband,  080 

To  cash  paid  the  taylors  for  making  the  cloaths,  319     0 

To  two  gallons  of  wine,  30s.,  a  dozen  of  pipes,  and  2  papers  of  tobacco,  5s.   1   15    0 

To  cash  paid  for  bricks,  and  bricking  the  grave,  110    0 

To  stones  to  cover  the  grave,  0  10  0" 

This   bill  was  allowed   by  the  judge,  outlay.    It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  ef- 

though  the  estate  was  soon   afterwards  forts  made  by  President    Holyoke    and 

rendered  insolvent.     The  Belcher  estate  others  to  abolish   such  extravagant  and 

was  large,  and  might  easily  afford   the  useless  customs  were  ineffectual. 


CHAPTER   XI. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

IN  this  history  of  a  single  town,  it  is  not  proposed  to  enumer- 
ate all  the  causes  of  the  American  Revolution,  or  the  various 
events  which  occurred  during  its  accomplishment ;  but  some  of 
those  causes  and  events  will  be  mentioned,  with  which  the  town 
of  Cambridge  had  more  or  less  intimate  connection.  One  very 
prominent  question  at  issue,  in  the  commencement  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary struggle,  was  whether  or  not  the  British  Parliament  had 
a  legal  right  to  impose  taxes  on  the  American  provinces  (which 
were  not  represented  therein),  without  their  consent.  In  the  ex- 
ercise of  this  pretended  right  of  supremacy,  among  other  methods 
for  raising  a  revenue  from  the  provinces,  Parliament  enacted  a 
law,  styled  the  Stamp  Act,  with  a  provision  that  it  should  take 
effect  Nov.  1,  1765.  With  special  reference  to  this  Act,  the 
American  doctrine  was  affirmed,  Oct.  29,  1765,  by  the  Massachu- 
setts House  of  Representatives,  in  fourteen  resolutions,  three  of 
which  were  these :  "  III.  Resolved,  That  no  man  can  justly 
take  the  property  of  another  without  his  consent ;  and  that  upon 
this  original  principle  the  right  of  representation  in  the  same 
body  which  exercises  the  power  of  making  laws  for  levying  taxes, 
which  is  one  of  the  main  pillars  of  the  British  constitution,  is 
evidently  founded."  "  XII.  Resolved,  as  a  just  conclusion  from 
some  of  the  foregoing  resolves,  That  all  acts  made  by  any  power 
whatever,  other  than  the  General  Assembly  of  this  Province, 
imposing  taxes  on  the  inhabitants,  are  infringements  of  our  in- 
herent and  unalienable  rights,  as  men  and  British  subjects,  and 
render  void  the  most  valuable  declarations  of  our  Charter. 
XIII.  Resolved,  that  the  extension  of  the  powers  of  the  Court 
of  Admiralty  within  this  Province  is  a  most  violent  infraction  of 
the  right  of  trials  by  juries,  —  a  right  which  this  House,  upon 
the  principles  of  their  British  ancestors,  hold  most  dear  and 
sacred,  it  being  the  only  security  of  the  lives,  liberties,  and  prop- 
erties of  his  Majesty's  subjects  here."  l 

1  Hutcbinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  iii.  477,  478. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  137 

A  distinct  opinion  had  been  expressed  by  Cambridge,  a  fort- 
night earlier,  at  a  town  meeting  held  on  the  14th  day  of  October, 
1765,  when  it  was  "  Voted,  That  (with  all  humility)  it  is  the 
opinion  of  the  town,  that  the  inhabitants  of  this  Province  have 
a  legal  claim  to  all  the  natural,  inherent,  constitutional  rights  of 
Englishmen,  notwithstanding  their  distance  from  Great  Britain  ; 
that  the  Stamp  Act  is  an  infraction  upon  these  rights.  One 
instance  out  of  many,  in  our  opinion,  is  this: — the  Distributor 
of  Stamps  will  have  a  sovereignty  over  every  thing  but  the  lives 
of  the  people,  since  it  is  in  his  power  to  summon  every  one  he 
pleases  to  Quebec,  Montreal,  or  Newfoundland,  to  answer  for 
pretended  or  real  breaches  of  this  Act ;  and  when  the  faithful 
subject  arrives  there,  by  whom  is  he  to  be  tried  ?  Not  by  his 
peers  (the  birth-right  of  every  Englishman)  ;  no,  but  by  the 
Judge  of  Admiralty,  without  a  jury,  and  it  is  possible  without 
law.  Under  these  circumstances,  the  Stamp-Master  may  unright- 
eously get  more  than  his  Majesty  will  upon  a  balance  by  the 
stamps ;  for  who  would  not  rather  pay  the  fine  than  be  thus 
harassed,  thus  tried?  Why  are  not  his  Majesty's  subjects  in 
Great  Britain  treated  in  this  manner  ?  Why  must  we  in  Amer- 
ica, who  have  in  every  instance  discovered  as  much  loyalty  for  his 
Majesty,  and  obedience  to  his  laws,  as  any  of  his  British  subjects 
(and  whose  exertions  in  some  of  the  provinces  during  the  last 
war  have  been  greater),  be  thus  discriminated  ?  At  this  time 
especially,  whilst  we  are  under  an  almost  insupportable  load  of 
debt,  the  consequence  of  this  exertion.  We  believe  it  may  be 
truly  said  that  no  one  in  Great  Britain  pays  so  great  a  tax  as 
some  in  this  province,  in  proportion  to  their  estates.  Let  this 
Act  but  take  place,  liberty  will  be  no  more :  trade  will  languish 
and  die ;  our  medium  will  be  sent  into  his  Majesty's  exchequer, 
and  poverty  come  on  us  as  an  armed  man.  The  town,  therefore, 
hereby  advise  their  Representatives  by  no  means  whatsoever  to  do 
any  one  thing  that  may  aid  said  Act  in  its  operation  ;  but  that, 
in  conjunction  with  the  friends  of  liberty,  they  use  their  utmost 
endeavors  that  the  same  might  be  repealed  :  —  That  this  vote  be 
recorded  in  the  Town  Book,  that  the  children  yet  unborn  may  see 
the  desire  their  ancestors  had  for  their  freedom  and  happiness  :  — 
and  that  an  attested  copy  of  it  be  given  to  said  Representatives." 

While  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  thus  protested  against  the 
arbitrary  exercise  of  power  by  Parliament,  and  against  the  en- 
forcement of  the  Stamp  Act  in  particular,  they  were  not  ready 
to  encourage  any  violent  outbreak  of  popular  fury.  During  the 


138  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

preceding  August,  by  hanging  him  in  effigy,  breaking  into  his 
house,  and  destroying  part  of  his  furniture,  some  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Boston  had  induced  Mr.  Secretary  Oliver  to  promise 
that  he  would  not  act  as  Distributor  of  Stamps;  and  on  the 
evening  of  the  26th  of  the  same  month,  they  attacked  the  house 
of  Lieutenant-governor  Hutchinson,  who  had  rendered  himself 
obnoxious  by  his  subserviency  to  the  British  ministry,  and  "  de- 
stroyed, carried  away,  or  cast  into  the  street,  everything  that  was 
in  the  house ;  demolished  every  part  of  it,  except  the  walls,  as  far 
as  lay  in  their  power ;  and  had  begun  to  break  away  the  brick- work. 
The  damage  was  estimated  at  about  twenty-five  hundred  pounds 
sterling,  without  any  regard  to  a  great  collection  of  public  as  welt 
as  private  papers  in  the  possession  and  custody  of  the  Lieutenant- 
governor."  l  At  a  town  meeting  in  Cambridge  three  days  later 
(Aug.  29),  it  was  "  Voted,  that  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  do 
detest  and  abhor  the  riotous  proceedings  in  the  town  of  Boston, 
in  robbing  and  destroying  the  dwelling-houses  of  the  Lieutenant- 
governor  and  others ;  and  they  will,  on  all  occasions,  use  their 
utmost  endeavors  to  secure  their  own  inhabitants  and  their  dwell- 
ing-houses and  property  against  such  ravages."  But  when  the 
Governor,  in  his  address  to  the  General  Court,  recommended  that 
compensation  should  be  made  to  the  sufferers,  and  intimated  that, 
if  they  did  not  make  it  voluntarily,  they  might  soon  be  required 
to  do  so,"  2  the  town  voted,  Oct.  14,  1765,  that  their  "  Repre- 
sentatives be  and  are  hereby  instructed  by  no  means  to  vote  for 
any  moneys  being  drawn  out  of  the  Province  treasury  to  make 
good  the  demands  of  the  late  sufferers,  as  mentioned  in  his  Ex- 
cellency's speech,  have  sustained."  In  their  reply  to  the  Gover- 
nor's address,  Oct.  25,  1765,  the  House  of  Representatives  said, 
"  We  highly  disapprove  of  the  late  acts  of  violence  which  have 
been  committed ;  yet  till  we  are  convinced  that  to  comply  with 
what  your  Excellency  recommends  will  not  tend  to  encourage 
such  outrages  in  time  to  come,  and  till  some  good  reason  can  be 
assigned  why  the  losses  those  gentlemen  have  sustained  should  be 
made  good  rather  than  any  damage  which  other  persons  on  any 
different  occasions  might  happen  to  suffer,  we  are  persuaded  we 
shall  not  see  our  way  clear  to  order  such  a  compensation  to  be 
made.  We  are  greatly  at  a  loss  to  know  who  has  any  right  to 
require  this  of  us,  if  we  should  differ  with  your  Excellency  in 
point  of  its  being  an  act  of  justice  which  concerns  the  credit  of 
the  government."3  A  year  later,  however,  when  the  odious 

1  Hutchinson's  /fist.  Mass.,  iii.  124.  8  Ibid.,  iii.  475,  476. 

2  Ibid.,  iii.  129. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  139 

Stamp  Act  had  been  repealed,  and  this  subject  was  again  con- 
sidered, at  a  town  meeting,  October  27,  1766,  "  The  inhabitants 
having  taken  into  consideration  the  affair  now  pending  in  the 
Great  and  General  Court,  relative  to  the  losses  sustained  by  divers 
persons,  by  means  of  the  outrage  and  violence  of  the  mob  in 
Boston,  in  the  month  of  August,  A.  D.  1765,  —  Voted,  That  it 
be  an  instruction  to  the  Representative  of  this  town  to  use  his 
best  endeavors  in  the  General  Court  that  a  compensation  be  made 
to  the  Lieutenant-governor  and  other  sufferers  (upon  proper  ap- 
plication by  them  made  for  that  purpose),  by  advancing  such  sum 
or  sums  of  money  out  of  the  public  treasury  as  may  be  judged 
adequate  to  their  losses ;  and  that  he  likewise  use  his  endeavors 
that  such  measures  may  be  gone  into  for  replacing  such  money  in 
the  Province  treasury  as  shall  appear  just  and  equitable."  The 
General  Court,  after  much  discussion,  enacted  a  law,  granting 
compensation  to  the  sufferers,  and  at  the  same  time  a  free  pardon 
to  all  "  who  had  been  guilty  of  any  crimes  or  offences  against  law, 
occasioned  by  the  late  troubles."  The  Governor  was  induced  to 
give  his  approval,  because,  "  if  the  act  should  not  be  approved  in 
England,  all  the  effect  would  be  the  suspending,  for  three  or  four 
months,  of  prosecutions  which,  experience  had  shown,  could  not 
be  carried  on  : "  "  but  as  to  the  compensation,  the  act  would 
have  an  immediate  effect  and  could  not  be  recalled.  The  act 
was  disapproved,  upon  its  being  laid  before  the  king,  merely  from 
the  nature  of  it,  and  the  danger  of  establishing  a  precedent ;  but 
the  money  was  paid  before  the  news  arrived,  and  nothing  further 
passed  upon  the  subject."  1 

"  On  the  16th  of  May,  [1766]  a  copy  of  the  Act  of  Parliament 
for  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp  Act  was  brought  to  Boston.  No  re- 
joicings, since  the  revolution,  had  been  equal  to  those  on  this  oc- 
casion." 2  But  the  people  were  not  quite  ready  to  forgive  those 
members  of  the  provincial  government  who  had  made  themselves 
obnoxious  by  their  advocacy  of  those  arbitrary  measures  which 
threatened  the  extinction  of  popular  liberty.  At  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  government,  later  in  the  same  month,  "  the  Lieuten- 
ant-governor, the  secretary,  one  of  the  judges  of  the  Superior 
Court,  and  the  attorney-general,  were  struck  off  from  the  council. 
Another  of  the  judges,  apprehensive  of  this  slight,  chose  to  re- 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  Hi.  158-  they  have  expressed  their  joy  on  account 

160.  of  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp  Act,  by  illum- 

'2  Ibid.,  iii.  147.  —  "  We  hear  from  Cam-  {nations,  fireworks,  &c.,  &c."  —  Boston 

bridge  and  other  neighboring  towns,  that  Evening  Post,  May  26,  1766. 


140  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

sign  before  the  election  came  on."  l  The  intention  to  exclude 
from  the  Council  some  of  those  crown  officers  who  were  supposed 
to  be  too  subservient  to  the  British  ministry,  is  foreshadowed  in 
the  instructions  given  to  the  Representative  of  Cambridge,  May 
26,  1766,  two  days  before  the  meeting  of  the  General  Court. 
These  instructions,  reported  by  a  committee  consisting  of  Samuel 
Whittemore,  Ebenezer  Stedman,  and  Eliphalet  Robbins,  con- 
tain the  usual  protestation  of  loyalty  to  the  crown,  of  a  general 
confidence  in  the  good  intentions  of  Parliament,  and  of  a  desire 
for  the  continuance  of  friendship  and  harmony  between  the 
British  government  and  the  American  Colonies.  At  the  same 
time,  they  counsel  the  utmost  watchfulness  against  any  possible 
encroachment  of  arbitrary  power,  and  contain  other  suggestions 
of  much  importance.  Two  of  the  instructions  were  as  follows  :  — 

"  With  regard  to  the  General  Assembly,  of  which  you  will  be, 
it  is  of  the  greatest  importance  that  each  branch  should  have  its 
due  weight  and  power ;  and  as  you  are  to  have  a  part  in  the  elec- 
tion of  one  of  these  branches,  we  instruct  you  to  avoid  giving 
your  suffrage  for  any  gentleman  already  holding  offices  incom- 
patible with  a  seat  there,  or  who,  by  any  sort  of  dependence  or 
connection,  may  be  under  temptations  to  yield  to  unreasonable 
demands  of  prerogative  ;  and  this  we  esteem  of  singular  import- 
ance under  the  present  circumstances  of  our  public  affairs." 

"  There  is  one  thing  more  which  we  would  enjoin  upon  you,  as 
a  matter  of  considerable  importance ;  which  is,  that  you  endeavor 
to  get  a  vote  passed  in  the  House,  that  a  gallery  be  provided 
where  as  many  persons  as  conveniently  can,  may  be  admitted  to 
hear  their  debates  ;  this  is  agreeable  to  the  practice  in  the  mother 
country,  and  may  be  attended  with  very  salutary  effects  here ; 
amongst  other  advantages  which  may  arise  from  such  an  order  of 
the  House,  we  would  hope  that  this  would  be  one,  namely,  that 
it  would  give  an  opportunity  to  any  person  who  desires  it  of  see- 
ing that  nothing  is  passed  by  that  assembly  that  is  not  of  real 
benefit,  and  of  advantage  to  their  constituents,  and  that  the  Rep- 
resentatives of  the  people  are  patrons  of  their  rights  and  privi- 
leges." 2 

Soon  after  the  close  of  this  session  of  the  General  Court,  news 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  iii.  148.  side  of  this  room  for  the  accommodation 

2  By  the  printed  Journal  of  the  House  of  such  persons  as  shall  be  inclined  to  at- 
of  Representatives,  it  appears  that  on  the  tend  the  same:" — provided,   "that    no 
llth  of  June,  1767,  it  was  ordered,  "  that  person  be  admitted  to  a  seat  in  the  gallery, 
the  debates  in  this  House  be  open,  and  without  applying  to  and  being  introduced 
that  a  gallery  be  erected  on  the  westerly  by  a  member  of  this  House." 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  141 

arrived  from  England  that  the  Parliament  had  by  no  means  re- 
linquished the  intention  to  derive  a  revenue  from  the  colonies, 
but  had  "  determined  to  lay  small  duties  on  paper,  glass,  and 
painters'  colors,  imported  into  America  ;  to  take  off  12d.,  which 
had  been  charged  in  England  on  every  pound  of  tea  exported, 
and  to  lay  3d.  only,  payable  upon  its  importation  into  America."  l 
At  the  same  time  commissioners  of  customs  were  appointed,  and 
it  was  supposed  that  the  collection  of  this  tax  was  one  of  their 
principal  duties.  Popular  discontent  and  excitement  followed, 
as  might  have  been  expected.  Associations  were  formed  to  en- 
courage home  manufactures,  and  to  refrain  from  the  use  of  foreign 
articles  subject  to  taxation.  At  their  next  winter  session,  the 
House  of  Representatives  prepared  letters  to  several  noblemen  in 
England,  praying  them  to  obtain  a  repeal  of  the  new  tax  act, 
and  an  address  to  the  king ;  copies  of  which  they  sent  to  the 
Assemblies  of  the  other  colonies,  asking  their  cooperation.  These 
proceedings  gave  great  offence  in  England.  When  the  next 
General  Court  met,  in  May,  1768,  "  the  Governor  sent  a  message 
to  the  House,  which  engaged  the  whole  of  their  attention.  In 
pursuance  of  instructions  which  he  had  received,  he  required 
them,  in  His  Majesty's  name,  to  rescind  the  resolution  of  the  last 
House  of  Representatives,  in  consequence  of  which  a  circular 
letter  had  been  sent  to  the  several  assemblies  upon  the  conti- 
nent." 2  A  few  days  afterwards  the  demand  was  renewed,  with 
a  threat  of  dissolution  as  the  penalty  of  refusal.  After  due  con- 
sideration, and  after  preparing  a  letter  to  the  English  Secretary 
for  the  Colonies,  in  justification  of  their  proceedings,  the  House 
refused  to  rescind,  by  a  vote  of  ninety-two  against  seventeen. 
This  decision  was  communicated  to  the  Governor,  who  imme- 
diately executed  his  threat  and  dissolved  the  House.  "  It  was 
thus  made  known  that  the  vital  right  of  representation  was  to  be 
enjoyed  only  on  the  condition  of  a  servile  compliance  with  an 
arbitrary  royal  instruction."  3  It  was  soon  afterwards  reported 
that  three  regiments  of  soldiers  were  to  be  stationed  in  Boston, 
to  enforce  submission  to  the  government.  The  inhabitants  there- 
upon assembled  in  town  meeting,  and  sent  a  message  to  the  Gov- 
ernor, inquiring  if  he  expected  such  a  military  force,  and  request- 
ing him  to  summon  a  new  General  Court.  On  his  refusal,  the 
town  "  Resolved,  that  as  the  people  labor  under  many  grievances, 
and  as  the  Governor  has  declared  himself  unable,  at  the  request 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  iii.  179.  8  Frothingham's  Rise  of  the  Republic, 

2  Hid.,  iii.  195.  p.  221. 


142  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  the  town,  to  call  a  General  Court,  which  is  the  assembly  of 
the  states  of  the  province,  for  the  redress  of  such  grievances,  the 
town  will  make  choice  of  a  suitable  number  of  persons,  to  act  for 
them  as  a  committee  in  convention,  with  such  as  may  be  sent  to 
join  them  from  the  several  towns  in  the  province,  in  order  that 
such  measures  may  be  concerted  and  advised,  as  his  majesty's 
service  and  the  peace  and  safety  of  his  subjects  in  the  province 
may  require."  l  The  time  fixed  for  the  meeting  of  the  Conven- 
tion was  Sept.  22,  1768.  For  some  reason,  which  does  not  ap- 
pear, Cambridge  did  not  elect  delegates  until  Sept.  29 :  —  on 
which  day,  it  was  "  put  to  vote,  whether  it  be  the  mind  of  the 
inhabitants  of  this  town  to  proceed  on  the  article  in  the  Warrant, 
relating  to  the  choosing  a  person  to  join  with  the  committees  of 
Convention  of  the  other  towns  in  this  Province,  now  sitting  in 
Boston,  and  it  passed  in  the  affirmative.  Also  voted,  that  they 
will  now  make  choice  of  one  or  more  persons,  as  a  committee  .... 
to  attend  the  Convention  that  may  now  or  hereafter  be  sitting 
in  Boston  in  this  Province.  Also  voted  that  they  will  make 
choice  of  two  persons  for  the  purpose  aforesaid.  Then  Andrew 
Bordman  was  chosen,  who  declined  the  service.  Then  Deac. 
Samu.  Whittemore  was  chosen,  who  declined  the  service.  Then 
Capt.  Sam11.  Whittemore  was  chosen,  who  accepted  said  choice. 
Then  Thomas  Gardner  was  chosen,  who  accepted  said  choice." 
If  Cambridge  was  somewhat  late  in  the  election,  her  delegates 
were  not  a  whit  behind  others  in  patriotism  and  resolution. 
Capt.  Whittemore  was  the  veteran,  who,  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
nine  years,  performed  yeoman's  service  with  his  musket,  on  the 
memorable  19th  of  April,  1775 ;  and  Thomas  Gardner,  having 
been  successively  elected  Captain  and  Colonel,  sealed  his  patriotic 
devotion  with  his  life-blood  on  Bunker  Hill. 

In  the  succeeding  years  the  conflict  between  arbitrary  power 
and  the  rights  and  privileges  of  the  people  became  more  and 
more  earnest.  The  British  government  insisted  on  its  right  to 
bind  the  colonies  in  all  cases,  to  impose  taxes  without  their  con- 
sent, to  place  over  them  rulers  not  of  their  own  choice,  to  over- 
awe them  by  the  presence  of  foreign  troops,  and  to  supersede  es- 
tablished laws  and  customs  by  "  Royal  Instructions."  On  the 
other  hand,  while  the  people  professed  loyalty  to  the  crown,  they 
protested  against  this  invasion  of  their  inalienable  rights  as  free- 
born  Englishmen,  and  indicated  a  determination  to  resist  to  the 
last  extremity.  Among  other  methods  adopted  for  the  accom- 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  iii.  204,  205. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  143 

plishment  of  this  purpose,  at  a  town-meeting  in  Boston,  Nov.  2, 
1772,  upon  the  motion  of  Samuel  Adams,  it  was  voted,  "  that  a 
committee  of  correspondence  be  appointed,  to  consist  of  twenty- 
one  persons,  to  state  the  rights  of  the  colonies,  and  of  this  prov- 
ince in  particular,  as  men,  as  Christians,  and  as  subjects  ;  to  com- 
municate  and   publish   the   same   to  the  several   towns  in  this 
province  and  to  the  world,  as  the  sense  of  this  town,  with  the  in- 
fringements and  violations  thereof  that  have  been,  or  from  time 
to  time  may  be,  made :  also  requesting  of  each  town  a  free  com- 
munication of  their  sentiments  on  this  subject."    At  an  adjourned 
meeting,  Nov.  20,  the  report  of  this  committee  was  accepted,  and 
ordered  to  be  printed  in  pamphlet  form  and  distributed  agreeably 
to  the  original  vote.     The  response  of  Cambridge  was  prompt 
and  decisive.     The  Records  show  that,  at  a  town-meeting,  Dec. 
14,  1772,  it  was  "  Voted,  That  the  letter  and  the  book  sent  by 
order   of   the  town  of   Boston  to  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge, 
signed  in  the  name  and  by  order  of  the  town,  William  Cooper^ 
Town    Clerk,    should   be  publicly  read    and   acted  upon.     The 
Moderator  1  protested  against  it,  as  it  was  not  in  the  warrant ; 
and  the  same  was  read  accordingly.     Voted,  That  a  committee 
be  appointed  to  write  to  the  committee  appointed  by  the  town  of 
Boston,  and  to  acknowledge  the  vigilance  and  care,  discovered  by 
the  metropolis,  of  the  public   rights  and   liberties,  acquainting 
them  that  this  town  will  heartily  concur  in  all  salutary,  proper 
and  constitutional  measures  for  the  redress  of  those  intolerable 
grievances  which  threaten,  and  if  continued  must  overthrow,  the 
happy  civil  constitution  of  this  province  ;  and  that  said  commit- 
tee take  under  consideration  the  rights  as  stated  by  the  committee 
of  correspondence  of  the  town  of  Boston,  and  the  infringements 
and  violations  of  the  same,  and  to  make  report  at  the  adjourn- 
ment of  this  meeting."     [The  Committee  was  then  elected,  con- 
sisting of  Capt.  Samuel  Whittemore,  Capt.  Ebenezer  Stedman, 
Capt.  Ephraim  Frost,  Capt.  Eliphalet  Robbins,  Capt.  Thomas 
Gardner,  Joseph  Wellington,  Abraham  Watson,  Jr.,  Nathaniel 
Sparhawk,  and  Samuel  Thatcher,  Jr.]     "  Voted,  That  said  com- 
mittee  prepare   instructions  to  the   Representative,  and   report 
upon  both  forthwith,  or,  as  soon  as  may  be.     The  committee  re- 
tired ;  the  meeting  not  adjourned :  in  less  than  twelve  minutes 

1  William  Brattle,  Esq.,  was  the  Mod-  Barnard.  But  promotion  to  the  rank  of 
crator.  In  the  early  part  of  the  struggle  Major-general,  in  1771,  is  generally  sup- 
he  advocated  the  rights  of  the  people,  posed  to  have  rendered  him  much  more 
insomuch  that  he  was  negatived  as  a  favorable  to  the  Governor  and  his  asso- 
member  of  the  Council  in  1769,  by  Gov.  elates. 


144  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

returned,  and  presented  their  report  upon  the  letter  and  resolves 
aforesaid,  and  also  reported  instructions  for  the  Representative ; 
which  reports  were  received,  and  accepted,  and  voted  by  a  major- 
ity of  the  inhabitants  then  present. 

"  The  instructions  :  —  To  Capt.  Thomas  Gardner,  Representa- 
tive of  the  town  of  Cambridge  in  General  Assembly.  Sir,  We, 
his  Majesty's  most  dutiful  and  loyal  subjects,  freeholders  and 
other  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  in  town-meeting 
legally  assembled  this  fourteenth  day  of  December,  A.  D.  1772,  to 
consult  upon  such  measures  as  may  be  thought  most  proper  to  be 
taken  at  this  alarming  crisis,  and  most  conducive  to  the  public 
weal,  do  therefore  with  true  patriotic  spirit  declare,  that  we  are 
and  ever  have  been  ready  to  risk  our  lives  and  fortunes  in  defence 
of  his  majesty  King  George  the  Third,  his  crown  and  dignity, 
and  in  the  support  of  constitutional  government.  So,  on  the  other 
hand,  we  are  as  much  concerned  to  maintain  and  secure  our  own 
invaluable  rights  and  liberties  and  that  glorious  inheritance  which 
was  not  the  gift  of  kings  or  monarchs,  but  was  purchased  at  no 
less  price  than  the  precious  blood  and  treasure  of  our  worthy  an- 
cestors, the  first  settlers  of  this  province,  who,  for  the  sake  of 
those  rights,  left  their  native  land,  their  dearest  friends  and  rela- 
tions, goodly  houses,  pleasant  gardens  and  fruitful  fields ;  and  in 
the  face  of  every  danger  settled  a  wild  and  howling  wilderness, 
where  they  were  surrounded  with  an  innumerable  multitude  of 
cruel  and  barbarous  enemies,  and  destitute  of  the  necessaries  of 
life  ;  yet  aided  by  the  smiles  of  indulgent  heaven,  by  their  heroic 
fortitude  (though  small  in  number)  they  subdued  their  enemies 
before  them,  and  by  their  indefatigable  labor  and  industry  culti- 
vated this  land,  which  is  now  become  a  fruitful  field,  which  has 
much  enriched  our  mother  country,  and  greatly  assisted  in  rais- 
ing Great  Britain  to  that  state  of  opulence  that  it  is  now  in  ; 
that  if  any  people  on  earth  are  entitled  to  the  warmest  friendship 
of  a  mother  country,  it  is  the  good  people  of  this  Province  and  its 
sister  colonies.  But  alas,  with  what  ingratitude  are  we  treated, 
how  cruelly  oppressed  !  We  have  been  sighing  and  groaning 
under  oppression  for  a  number  of  years ;  our  natural  and  charter 
rights  are  violated  in  too  many  instances  here  to  enumerate;  our 
money  extorted  from  us,  and  appropriated  to  augment  our  bur- 
dens ;  we  have  repeatedly  petitioned  our  most  gracious  sovereign 
for  a  redress  of  grievances,  but  no  redress  has  yet  been  obtained, 
whereby  we  have  been  almost  driven  to  despair.  And,  in  the 
midst  of  our  distresses,  we  are  still  further  alarmed  with  seeing 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  145 

the  Governor  of  the  Province  made  independent  of  the  people, 
and  the  shocking  report  that  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Judicature  and  other  officers,  have  salaries  affixed  to  their  offices, 
dependent  on  the  crown  and  ministry,  independent  of  the  grants 
of  the  Commons  of  this  Province.  By  this  establishment  our 
lives  and  properties  will  be  rendered  very  precarious,  as  there  is 
the  utmost  danger  that,  through  an  undue  influence,  the  streams 
of  public  justice  will  be  poisoned.  Can  we  expect  the  scales  will 
be  held  equal  between  all  parties  ?  Will  such  Judges  be  unmoved 
by  passion  or  prejudice,  fear  or  favor?  What  a  miserable  situa- 
tion will  the  man  be  in,  under  a  corrupt  administration,  who  shall 
dare  to  oppose  their  vile  measures.  Must  he  not  expect  to  feel 
the  keenest  resentment  of  such  administration,  by  Judges  thus 
bribed  to  pursue  the  plan  of  the  ministry  ?  In  fine,  we  look  upon 
this  last  innovation  so  great  a  grievance,  especially  when  added 
to  the  many  other  grievances  we  have  been  so  long  groaning 
under,  as  to  be  almost  insupportable.  We  therefore  think  it 
seasonable  and  proper  to  instruct  you,  our  Representative,  in 
General  Assembly,  that  you  use  your  greatest  influence  at  the 
next  session  of  the  General  Court  for  a  speedy  redress  of  all  our 
grievances.  And  inasmuch  as  it  has  been  for  some  years  past 
thought  that  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court,  especially  since 
their  circuits  have  been  enlarged,  have  not  had  salaries  adequate 
to  their  important  services,  we  desire  you  would  make  due  in- 
quiry into  this  matter,  and  if  you  shall  find  it  to  be  a  fact,  you 
would  use  your  utmost  endeavors  that  their  salaries  may  be  en- 
larged and  made  adequate  to  their  merit  and  station ;  and  in  all 
our  difficulties  and  distresses,  depend  upon  your  prudence  and 
firmness." 

The  business  seems  not  to  have  been  fully  completed  at  this 
time,  and  the  meeting  was   adjourned  for    three  weeks  :  — 

"  At  an  adjournment  of  the  Town-meeting  from  December  the 
fourteenth,  A.  D.  1772  to  January  the  fourth  1773,  the  following 
report  was  read  and  accepted  by  a  great  majority  :  The  Commit- 
tee appointed  to  take  under  consideration  the  rights  of  the  Colo- 
nists, and  of  this  Province  in  particular,  as  stated  by  the  town  of 
Boston,  and  also  a  list  of  the  infringements  and  violations  of  those 
rights,  beg  leave  to  report,  That,  in  their  opinion,  the  rights  of 
the  Colonists  and  of  this  Province  in  particular,  as  men,  as  Chris- 
tians and  as  subjects,  are  properly  stated,  and  that  the  lists  of  the 
infringements  and  violations  of  those  rights  are  notorious  facts ; 
and  as  there  appears  to  be  the  greatest  reason  to  apprehend, 
10 


146  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

agreeable  to  the  intimation  made  to  us  in  the  said  list  of  grievan- 
ces, that  stipends  or  salaries  are  affixed  to  the  offices  of  Judges  of 
the  Superior  Court,  whereby  they  are  made  not  only  independ- 
ent of  the  people,  but  absolutely  dependent  upon  the  Crown  for 
their  support,  it  is  further  the  opinion  of  this  Committee,  that 
such  establishment,  if  made,  is  in  direct  repugnancy  with  the 
Charter  of  the  Province,  and  the  invariable  usage  from  the  time 
the  same  was  granted  ;  that  thereby  a  dangerous  connection  is 
formed,  and  an  undue  influence  in  their  decisions  introduced,  and 
therefore  tends  to  the  poisoning  the  streams  of  justice  in  the 
land ;  that  there  will,  moreover,  be  the  utmost  danger  that  the 
Bar  may  hereafter  be  overawed  by  a  corrupt  Court,  insomuch  that 
no  gentleman  of  shining  genius  and  abilities  in  the  profession  of 
the  Law  will  dare  to  stand  up  in  defence  of  an  injured  country. 
For  these  and  many  other  reasons  that  may  be  offered,  the  Com- 
mittee beg  leave  further  to  report  the  following  resolve,  viz  : 
Resolved,  as  the  opinion  of  this  town,  that  the  said  establishment 
is  a  dangerous  innovation  and  grievance,  especially  when  added  to 
the  many  other  grievances  we  have  been  so  long  groaning  under, 
and  that  we  have  the  strongest  aversion  to  a  measure  which  is  of 
so  ruinous  a  tendency,  and  can  never  be  reconciled  to  it." 

Before  this  last  named  town-meeting  was  held,  the  Committee 
of  Correspondence,  elected  on  the  14th  of  December,  executed  a 
part  of  the  duty  assigned  to  them,  by  addressing  a  letter  to  the 
Committee  of  Boston,  which  was  published  in  the  "  Boston 
Gazette,"  Dec.  28,  1772  :  — 

u  To  the  Committee  of  Communication  and  Correspondence  at 
Boston.  The  Committee  appointed  by  the  town  of  Cambridge  to 
write  to  the  Committee  of  Communication  and  Correspondence 
at  Boston,  gladly  embrace  this  opportunity.  In  the  name  and 
behalf  of  the  said  town  of  Cambridge,  and  with  the  most  sincere 
respect,  they  acknowledge  the  vigilance  and  care  discovered  by 
the  town  of  Boston  of  the  public  rights  and  liberties  ;  acquainting 
you  that  this  town  will  heartily  concur  in  all  salutary,  proper, 
and  constitutional  measures  for  the  redress  of  those  intolerable 
grievances  which  threaten,  and  if  continued  must  overthrow,  the 
happy  civil  constitution  of  this  Province.  It  is  with  the  greatest 
pleasure  we  now  inform  you  that  we  think  the  meeting  was  as 
full  as  it  has  been  for  the  choice  of  a  Representative,  for  a  num- 
ber of  years,  if  not  fuller ;  and  that  the  people  discovered  a  glo- 
rious spirit,  like  men  determined  to  be  free.  We  have  here  en- 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  147 

closed  you  a  copy  of  the  votes  and  proceedings  of  this  town,  at 
their  meeting,  so  far  as  they  have  gone.  We  would  add,  — 
May  the  town  of  Boston,  the  capital  of  this  Province,  rejoice  in 
perpetual  prosperity.  May  wisdom  direct  her  in  all  her  consul- 
tations. May  her  spirited  and  prudent  conduct  render  her  a  ter- 
ror to  tyrants.  May  every  town  in  this  Province,  and  every  other 
colony  upon  the  Continent,  be  awakened  to  a  sense  of  danger,  and 
unite  in  the  glorious  cause  of  liberty.  Then  shall  we  be  able 
effectually  to  disappoint  the  machinations  of  our  enemies.  To 
conclude :  That  this  land  may  be  purged  from  those  sins  which 
are  a  reproach  to  a  people,  and  be  exalted  by  righteousness,  that 
God  Almighty  may  be  our  God  as  he  was  the  God  of  our  fathers, 
and  that  we  may  be  possessed  of  the  same  principles  of  virtue, 
religion,  and  public  spirit,  which  warmed  and  animated  the 
hearts  of  our  renowned  ancestors,  is  the  sincere  prayer  of  your 
friends  in  the  common  cause  of  our  country,  the  Committee  of 
the  town  of  Cambridge.  EBENEZER  STEDMAN,  per  order." 

In  1773,  the  British  Ministry  adopted  another  measure  to  se- 
cure the  payment  of  a  tax  by  the  colonists.  The  East  India 
Company,  embarrassed  by  the  accumulation  of  teas  which  the 
American  merchants  did  not  purchase,  were  encouraged  to  ex- 
port them,  on  their  own  account,  by  an  offer  of  a  drawback  of 
the  whole  duty  payable  in  England  on  all  such  as  should  be  ex- 
ported to  the  British  colonies  in  America ;  but  the  duty  of  three 
pence  on  a  pound  was  still  required  to  be  paid  at  the  port  of 
entry.  The  tax  demanded  was  very  small,  but  it  stood  as  the 
representative  of  a  great  principle  ;  the  right,  namely,  of  Parlia- 
ment to  bind  the  colonies  in  all  cases  whatever,  —  which  right 
was  asserted  by  the  ministry  and  denied  by  the  colonists.  The 
fire  of  contention,  which  had  seemed  to  be  smouldering  for  a 
time,  now  burst  forth  into  a  fierce  blaze.  Public  meetings  were 
held,  and  resolutions  adopted,  indicating  a  stern  spirit  of  resist- 
ance. Cambridge  placed  on  record  its  determination  to  main- 
tain its  rights:  — 

"  At  a  very  full  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of 
Cambridge,  legally  assembled,  Nov.  26,  1773,  Capt.  Ebenezer 
Stedman  was  chosen  Moderator.  This  town  being  greatly 
alarmed  at  an  Act  of  the  British  Parliament,  passed  in  the  last 
session  of  Parliament,  whereby  the  East  India  Company  in 
London  are  empowered  to  export  their  teas  on  their  own  ac- 
count to  the  British  Plantations  in  America,  and  expose  the 


148  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

same  to  sale,  subject  to  a  duty,  payable  in  America,  to  be  col- 
lected by  a  set  of  worse  than  Egyptian  taskmasters,  —  which,  if 
submitted  to,  we  fear  will  prove  fatal  to  the  Colonies  :  —  and  as 
we  apprehend  the  sense  of  this  town  cannot  be  better  expressed 
than  by  adopting  the  Resolves  of  the  patriotic  citizens  of  Phila- 
delphia ;  —  Resolved,  that  the  disposal  of  their  own  property  is 
the  inherent  right  of  freemen  ;  that  there  can  be  no  property 
in  that  which  another  can  of  right  take  from  us  without  our  con- 
sent ;  that  the  claim  of  Parliament  to  tax  America  is,  in  other 
words,  a  claim  of  right  to  levy  contributions  on  us  at  pleasure. 
2.  That  the  duty  imposed  by  Parliament  upon  tea  landed  in 
America  is  a  tax  on  the  Americans,  or  levying  contributions  on 
them  without  their  consent.  3.  That  the  express  purpose  for 
which  the  tax  is  levied  on  the  Americans,  namely,  for  the  sup- 
port of  government,  the  administration  of  justice,  and  the  defence 
of  his  Majesty's  dominions  in  America,  has  a  direct  tendency  to 
render  Assemblies  useless,  and  to  introduce  arbitrary  government 
and  slavery.  4.  That  a  virtuous  and  steady  opposition  to  this 
ministerial  plan  of  governing  America  is  absolutely  necessary  to 
preserve  even  the  shadow  of  liberty,  and  is  a  duty  which  every 
freeman  in  America  owes  to  his  country,  to  himself,  and  to  his 
posterity.  5.  That  the  resolution  lately  come  into  by  the  East 
India  Company,  to  send  out  their  tea  to  America,  subject  to  the 
payment  of  duties  on  its  being  landed  here,  is  an  open  attempt 
to  enforce  the  ministerial  plan,  and  a  violent  attack  upon  the 
liberties  of  America.  6.  That  it  is  the  duty  of  every  American 
to  oppose  this  attempt.  7.  That  whoever  shall,  directly  or  in- 
directly, countenance  this  attempt,  or  in  any  wise  aid  or  abet  in 
unloading,  receiving  or  vending,  the  tea  sent  or  to  be  sent  out  by 
the  East  India  Company,  while  it  remains  subject  to  the  pay- 
ment of  a  duty  here,  is  an  enemy  to  America. 

"  And  whereas  the  town  of  Boston  have  assembled  twice  on 
this  alarming  occasion,  and  at  each  meeting  did  choose  a  commit- 
tee of  very  respectable  gentlemen,  to  wait  upon  the  persons  who 
are  appointed  by  the  East  India  Company  to  receive  and  sell 
said  tea,  and  in  a  genteel  manner  requested  them  to  resign  their 
appointment ;  notwithstanding  the  said  factors  have  repeatedly 
refused  to  give  them  any  satisfaction,  but,  on  the  contrary,  their 
answers  were  evasive  and  highly  affrontive :  by  such  a  conduct 
they  have  forfeited  all  right  and  title  to  any  respect  from  their 
fellow-countrymen  :  —  Therefore  resolved,  that  this  town  will  by 
no  means  show  them  any  respect  whatever,  but  view  them  as 


CIVIL    HISTORY.  149 

enemies  to  their  country.  And  whereas  it  is  reported  that  the 
said  factors  of  the  East  India  Company  by  their  conduct  have 
rendered  themselves  despicable  in  the  town  of  Boston,  yet  they 
can  retire  into  the  country  towns,  where  they  are  treated  with 
respect,  which,  if  true,  is  truly  scandalous  :  —  Therefore  resolved, 
that  anyone  who  shall  harbor  said  factors  in  their  housesv  ex- 
cept said  factors  immediately  make  full  satisfaction  to  this  justly 
incensed  people,  are  unfriendly  to  their  country.  Resolved,  That 
any  person  or  persons,  inhabitants  of  this  Province,  that  shall 
import  any  teas  subject  to  the  payment  of  a  duty  in  Am.er.ica, 
are  in  an  eminent  degree  enemies  to  their  country,  and  ought  to 
be  treated  with  equal  contempt  and  detestation  with  the  present 
supposed  factors.  And,  as  it  is  very  apparent  that  the  town  of 
Boston  are  now  struggling  for  the  liberties  of  their  country  : 
Therefore  resolved,  that  this  town  can  no  longer  stand  idle  spec- 
tators, but  are  ready,  on  the  shortest  notice,  to  join  with  the 
town  of  Boston  and  other  towns,  in  any  measures  that  may  be 
thought  proper,  to  deliver  ourselves  and  posterity  from  Slavery." 
Within  a  month  afterwards,  the  Gordian  knot  of  this  contro- 
versy was  cut,  by  the  destruction  of  the  tea  in  Boston  Harbor, 
after  an  earnest  and  protracted  effort  to  induce  the  consignees  to 
send  it  back  to  Europe.  Whether  any  Cambridge  men  partici- 
pated in  this  final  act,  or  not,  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  they 
assisted  in  the  preliminary  measures.  Hutchinson  says,  "  the 
Committees  of  Correspondence  of  the  towns  of  Boston,  Roxbury, 
Dorchester,  Brookline,  and  Cambridge,  united,  and  held  their 
meetings  daily,  or  by  short  adjournments,  in  Faneuil  Hall,  or 
one  of  the  rooms  belonging  to  it,  and  gave  such  directions  as  they 
thought  proper.  Two  of  the  other  vessels  with  tea  arriving  from 
London,  they  were  ordered  by  this  new  body  to  the  same  wharf 
where  the  first  ships  lay,  under  pretence  of  the  conveniency  of 
having  the  whole  under  one  guard.  It  soon  after  appeared  that 
a  further  conveniency  accompanied  it."1  The  overt  act  is  de- 
scribed in  the  "  Boston  Gazette,"  Monday,  December  20,  1773 : 
—  "  On  Tuesday  last  the  body  of  the  people  of  this  and  all  the 
adjacent  towns,  and  others  from  the  distance  of  twenty  miles,  as- 
sembled at  the  Old  South  meeting-house,"  and,  after  a  fruitless 
negotiation  with  the  parties  in  the  interest  of  the  government, 
"  adjourned  to  the  Thursday  following,  ten  o'clock.  They  then 
met ;  .  .  .  .  and  the  people,  finding  all  their  efforts  to  preserve 
the  property  of  the  East  India  Company  and  return  it  safely  to 
London,  frustrated  by  the  tea  consignees,  the  collector  of  the  cus- 
1  Hist.  Mass.,  Hi.  433. 


150  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

toms,  and  the  Governor  of  the  Province,  dissolved  their  meeting. 
But  behold  what  followed.  A  number  of  brave  and  resolute  men, 
determined  to  do  all  in  their  power  to  save  the  country  from  the 
ruin  which  their  enemies  had  plotted,  in  less  than  four  hours, 
emptied  every  chest  of  tea  on  board  the  three  ships  commanded 
by  the  captains  Hall,  Bruce,  and  Coffin,  amounting  to  342  chests, 
into  the  sea,  without  the  least  damage  done  to  the  ships  or  any 
other  property.  The  masters  and  owners  are  well  pleased,  that 
their  ships  are  thus  cleared,  and  the  people  are  almost  universally 
congratulating  each  other  on  this  happy  event." 

This  destruction  of  the  tea  excited  the  liveliest  indignation  of 
the  British  government.  It  was  construed  as  an  act  of  open 
rebellion,  demanding  condign  punishment.  "  The  words,  often 
cited,  of  the  arrogant,  insolent,  and  galling  Venn,  were  then 
uttered  and  circulated  through  the  colonies :  '  The  offence  of  the 
Americans  is  flagitious  :  the  town  of  Boston  ought  to  be  knocked 
about  their  ears  and  destroyed.  Delenda  est  Carthago.  You 
will  never  meet  with  proper  obedience  to  the  laws  of  this  country 
until  you  have  destroyed  that  nest  of  locusts.'  These  words 
embodied  the  feeling  of  England  in  an  hour  of  her  insolence."  A 
The  Boston  Port  Bill  followed,  which  took  effect  on  the  first  day 
of  June,  1774,  enforced  by  an  array  of  armed  vessels,  effectually 
preventing  ingress  or  egress.  The  sympathy,  not  only  of  Mas- 
sachusetts but  of  all  the  American  Colonies,  was  excited  on 
behalf  of  the  oppressed  and  suffering  inhabitants  of  the  devoted 
town,  which  sympathy  was  manifested  by  material  aid.  Although 
Cambridge  was  to  some  extent  a  joint-sufferer  with  Boston,  it 
was  voted,  at  a  town  meeting,  July  28,  1774,  "  That  the  Com- 
mittee of  Correspondence  be  a  Committee  to  receive  the  dona- 
tions that  may  be  given  by  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  for  the 
relief  of  our  distressed  brethren  in  the  town  of  Boston,  now  suffer- 
ing for  the  cause  of  all  America  under  an  act  of  the  British  Par- 
liament for  blocking  up  the  port  of  Boston  ;  and  that  they 
transmit  the  same  to  the  Committee  appointed  by  the  town  of 
Boston  to  receive  such  donations  for  the  purpose  abovesaid." 

The  Port  Bill  was  followed  by  a  more  comprehensive  measure, 
abrogating  the  Charter  of  Massachusetts,  in  some  important  par- 
ticulars, and  changing  the  character  of  the  government.  It  pro- 
vided that  the  members  of  the  Council  should  no  longer  be 
elected  by  the  General  Court,  but  that  they,  as  well  as  the  Gov- 
ernor and  Lieutenant-governor,  should  be  appointed  by  the  King. 
The  Lieutenant-governor  (Thomas  Oliver),  and  two  members 

1  Rise  of  the  Republic,  p.  318. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  151 

of  the  Council  Samuel  Danforth  and  Joseph  Lee),  appointed 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  were  inhabitants  of  Cambridge. 
Colonel  Oliver  was  a  man  of  wealth  and  character,  but  had  not 
previously  held  public  station,  except  military. 1  It  was  indeed 
suggested  by  some,  that  his  name  was  inserted  in  the  commission 
by  mistake,  instead  of  Peter  Oliver,  the  Chief  Justice  and  a 
member  of  the  old  Council.  Judge  Lee  had  been  a  Representa- 
tive, but  never  before  a  member  of  the  Council ;  on  the  contrary, 
Judge  Danforth  was  the  senior  member  of  that  Board,  having 
held  office,  by  thirty-six  successive  elections,  since  May,  1739. 
The  new  Council  (styled  the  Mandamus  Council  because  its 
members  were  appointed  by  command  of  the  King)  consisted  of 
thirty-six  persons,  of  whom,  however,  only  twenty-four  accepted 
office  ;  and  of  that  number  nine  soon  afterwards  resigned. 2  Its 
first  meeting  was  at  Salem,  on  the  8th  day  of  August,  1774. 
The  Governor  had  previously  (June  17)  dissolved  the  General 
Court,  so  that  the  sole  governing  power  now  vested  in  himself 
and  the  newly  appointed  Council.  The  struggle  between  arbi- 
trary power  and  the  spirit  of  liberty  became  more  and  more  in- 
tense. Some  of  the  results,  of  which  Cambridge  was  the  scene 
of  action,  and  its  inhabitants  were  among  the  more  prominent 
actors  and  sufferers,  are  related  at  large  in  the  "  Boston  Ga- 
zette "  of  Monday,  Sept.  5,  1774 :  - 

"  On  Wednesday  last,  the  new  Divan  (consisting  of  the 
wretched  fugitives  with  whom  the  just  indignation  of  their  re- 
spective townsmen,  by  a  well-deserved  expulsion,  have  filled  this 
capital)  usurped  the  seats  round  the  Council  Board  in  Boston. 
Their  deliberations  have  not  hitherto  transpired.  And  with 
equal  secresy,  on  Thursday  morning,  half  after  four,  about  260 
troops  embarked  on  board  13  boats,  at  the  Long  Wharf,  and 
proceeded  up  Mistic  River  to  Temple's  Farm,  where  they  landed 
and  went  to  the  powder-house,3  on  quarry-hill  in  Charlestown 
bounds,  whence  they  have  taken  250  half  barrels  of  powder, 
the  whole  store  there,  and  carried  it  to  the  castle.  A  detach- 
ment from  this  corps  went  to  Cambridge  and  brought  off  two  field 
pieces  which  had  lately  been  sent  there  for  Col.  Brattle's  Regi- 
ment. The  preparation  for  this  scandalous  expedition  caused 

1  Perhaps    one    exception    should    be  "  See  Gen.  Register,  xxviii.  61,  62. 

made :    "  We  hear  that  Thomas  Oliver,  8  This  powder-house  is  still  standing  in 

Esq.,  of  Cambridge,  is  appointed  Judge  of  Somerville,  about  half  a  mile  southeast- 

the  Provincial  Courts  of  Vice-Admiralty  erly  from  Tufts'  College, 
for  this  Province  and  New  Hampshire." — 
Boston  Gazette,  May  3,  1773. 


152  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

much  speculation,  as  some  who  were  near  the  Governor  gave  out 
that  he  had  sworn  the  committee  of  Salem  should  recognise  or 
be  imprisoned ;  nay,  some  said,  put  on  board  the  Scarborough 
and  sent  to  England  forthwith.  The  committee  of  Boston  ^ent 
off  an  express  after  10,  on  Wednesday  evening,  to  advise  their 
brethren  of  Salem  of  what  they  apprehended  was  coming  against 
them,  who  received  their  message  with  great  politeness,  and  re- 
turned an  answer  purporting  their  readiness  to  receive  any  attack 
they  might  be  exposed  to  for  acting  in  pursuance  to  the  laws  and 
interests  of  their  country,  as  became  men  and  Christians. 

"  From  these  several  hostile  appearances,  the  County  of  Mid- 
dlesex took  the  alarm,  and  on  Thursday  evening  began  to  collect 
in  large  bodies,  with  their  arms,  provisions,  and  ammunition,  de- 
termining by  some  means  to  give  a  check  to  a  power  which  so 
openly  threatened  their  destruction,  and  in  such  a  clandestine 
manner  robbed  them  of  the  means  of  their  defence.  And  on 
Friday  morning,  some  thousands  of  them  had  advanced  to  Cam- 
bridge, armed  only  with  sticks,  as  they  had  left  their  fire-arms, 
&c.,  at  some  distance  behind  them.  Some,  indeed,  had  collected 
on  Thursday  evening,  and  surrounded  the  Attorney-General's 
house,1  who  is  also  Judge  of  Admiralty  on  the  new  plan,  for 
Nova  Scotia ;  and  being  provoked  by  the  firing  of  a  gun  from  a 
window,  they  broke  some  glass,  but  did  no  more  mischief.  The 
company,  however,  concerned  in  this,  were  mostly  boys  and 
negroes,  who  soon  dispersed. 

"  On  perceiving  the  concourse  on  Friday  morning,  the  com- 
mittee of  Cambridge  sent  express  to  Charlestown,  who  commu- 
nicated the  intelligence  to  Boston,  and  their  respective  commit- 
tees proceeded  to  Cambridge  without  delay.  When  the  first  of 
the  Boston  committee  came  up,  they  found  some  thousands  of 
people  assembled  round  the  court-house  2  steps,  and  Judge  Dan- 
forth  standing  upon  them,  speaking  to  the  body,  declaring  in 
substance  that  having  now  arrived  at  a  very  advanced  age,3  and 
spent  the  greater  part  in  the  service  of  the  public,  it  was  a  great 
mortification  to  him  to  find  a  step  lately  taken  by  him  so  disa- 
greeable to  his  country,  in  which  he  conscientiously  had  meaned 
to  serve  them  ;  but  finding  their  general  sense  against  his  holding 
a  seat  at  the  Council  Board  on  the  new  establishment,  he  assured 

1  Jonathan  Sewall  was  Attorney-gen-  2  The  court-house  was  on  the  westerly 
eral,  and  his  house  still  remains  at  the  side  of  Harvard  Square,  where  the  Cam- 
westerly   corner  of  Brattle   and    Sparks  bridge  Lyceum  now  stands. 
Streets.  8  Almost  seventy-seven  years  old. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  153 

them  that  he  had  resigned  said  office,  and  would  never  henceforth 
accept  or  act  in  any  office  inconsistent  with  the  charter-rights  of 
his  country ;  and  in  confirmation  of  said  declaration,  he  deliv- 
ered the  following  certificate  drawn  up  by  himself,  and  signed 
with  his  own  hand,  viz. :  — 

"  '  Although  I  have  this  day  made  an  open  declaration  to  a 
great  concourse  of  people,  who  assembled  at  Cambridge,  that  I 
had  resigned  my  seat  at  the  Council  Board,  yet  for  the  further 
satisfaction  of  all,  I  do  hereby  declare  under  my  hand  that  such 
resignation  has  actually  been  made,  and  that  it  is  my  full  purpose 
not  to  be  any  way  concerned  as  a  member  of  the  Council  at  any 
time  hereafter.  Sept.  2d,  1774.  S.  DANFORTH.  A  true  copy. 
Attest  N.  CUDWORTH,  CV 

"  Judge  Lee  was  also  on  the  court-house  steps,  and  delivered 
his  mind  to  the  body  in  terms  similar  to  those  used  by  Judge 
Danforth,  and  delivered  the  following  declaration,  also  drawn  up 
and  signed  by  him,  viz. :  — 

"  '  Cambridge,  2d  Sept.  1774.  As  great  numbers  of  the  inhab- 
itants of  the  County  are  come  into  this  town  since  my  satisfying 
those  who  were  met,  not  only  by  declaration  but  by  reading  to 
them  what  I  wrote  to  the  Governor  at  my  resignation,  and  being 
desirous  to  give  the  whole  County  and  Province  full  satisfaction 
in  this  matter,  I  hereby  declare  my  resignation  of  a  seat  in,  the 
new  constituted  Council,  and  my  determination  to  give  no  fur- 
ther attendance.  Jos.  LEE.  A  true  copy.  Test,  NATH.  CUD- 
WORTH,  CV 

"  Upon  this  a  vote  was  called  for,  to  see  if  the  body  was  satis- 
fied with  the  declarations  and  resignations  abovesaid,  and  passed 
in  the  affirmative,  nem.  con. 

"  It  was  then  moved  to  know  whether  that  body  would  signify 
their  abhorrence  of  mobs,  riots,  and  the  destruction  of  private 
property,  and  passed  in  the  affirmative,  nem.  con. 

"  Col.  Phips,  the  High-Sheriff  of  the  County,  then  came  before 
the  Committee  of  the  body,  and  complained  that  he  had  been 
hardly  spoken  of,  for  the  part  he  had  acted  in  delivering  the 
powder  in  Charlestown  Magazine  to  the  soldiery ;  which  the 
Committee  candidly  considered  and  reported  to  the  body  that  it 
was  their  opinion  the  High-Sheriff  was  excusable,  as  he  had 
acted  in  conformity  to  his  order  from  the  Commander-in-chief. 
Col.  Phips  also  delivered  the  following  declaration  by  him  sub- 
scribed, viz. :  — 

"  '  Col.  Phips's  answer  to  the  honorable  body  now  in  meeting 


154  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

upon  the  common,  viz. :  —  That  I  will  not  execute  any  precept 
that  shall  be  sent  me  under  the  new  Acts  of  Parliament  for 
altering  the  Constitution  of  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts 
Bay,  and  that  I  will  recall  all  the  venires  that  I  have  sent  out 
under  the  new  establishment.  Cambridge,  Sept.  2d  1774. 
DAVID  PHIPS.  A  true  copy.  Test,  NATH.  CUD  WORTH,  01.' 
Which  was  accepted  as  satisfactory.  1 

"  About  8  o'clock,  his  Honor  Lieut.  Governor  Oliver  set  off 
from  Cambridge  to  Boston,  and  informed  Governor  Gage  of  the 
true  state  of  matters  and  the  business  of  the  people  ;  —  which,  as 
his  Honor  told  the  Admiral,  were  not  a  mad  mob,  but  the  free- 
holders of  the  County,  —  promising  to  return  in  two  hours  and 
confer  further  with  them  on  his  own  circumstance  as  President  of 
the  Council.  On  Mr.  Oliver's  return,  he  came  to  the  Committee 
and  signified  what  he  had  delivered  to  the  body  in  the  morning, 
viz.  that  as  the  commissions  of  Lieut.  Governor  and  President  of 
the  Council  seemed  tacked  together,  he  should  undoubtedly  incur 
his  Majesty's  displeasure,  if  he  resigned  the  latter  and  pretended 
to  hold  the  former  ;  and  nobody  appeared  to  have  any  objection 
to  his  enjoying  the  place  he  held  constitutionally  ;  he  begged  he 
might  not  be  pressed  to  incur  that  displeasure,  at  the  instance  of 
a  single  County,  while  any  other  Counsellor  held  on  the  new 
establishment.  Assuring  them,  however,  that  in  case  the  mind 
of  the  whole  Province,  collected  in  Congress  or  otherwise,  ap- 
peared for  his  resignation,  he  would  by  no  means  act  in  opposi- 
tion to  it.  This  seemed  satisfactory  to  the  Committee,  and  they 
were  preparing  to  deliver  it  to  the  body,  when  Commissioner 
Hallowell  came  through  the  town  on  his  way  to  Boston.  The 
sight  of  that  obnoxious  person  so  inflamed  the  people,  that  in  a 
few  minutes  above  160  horsemen  were  drawn  up  and  proceed- 
ing in  pursuit  of  him  on  the  full  gallop.  Capt.  Gardner  of  Cam- 
bridge first  began  a  parley  with  one  of  the  foremost,  which  caused 
them  to  halt  till  he  delivered  his  mind  very  fully  in  dissuasion  of 
the  pursuit,  and  was  seconded  by  Mr.  Deavens  of  Charlestown, 
and  Dr.  Young  of  Boston.  They  generally  observed  that  the 
object  of  the  Body's  attention,  that  day,  seemed  to  be  the  resig- 
nation of  unconstitutional  counsellors,  and  that  it  might  intro- 
duce confusion  into  the  proceedings  of  the  day  if  any  thing  else 
was  brought  upon  the  carpet  till  that  important  business  was  fin- 

1  Notwithstanding  his  satisfactory  dec-     He  was  son  of  Lieutenant-governor  Spen- 
laration,  Col.  Phi|>s  adhered  to  the  Royal     cer  Phips. 
cause,  left  the  conn  try,  and  never  returned. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  155 

ished  ;  and  in  a  little  time  the  gentlemen  dismounted  their 
horses  and  returned  to  the  body. 

"  But  Mr.  Hallowell  did  not  entirely  escape,  as  one  gentleman 
of  a  small  stature  pushed  on  before  the  general  body,  and  fol- 
lowed Hallowell,  who  made  the  best  of  his  way  till  he  got  into 

Roxbury,  where  Mr.  overtook  and  stopped  him  in  his 

chaise.  Hallowell  snapped  his  pistols  at  him,  but  could  not  dis- 
engage himself  from  him  till  he  quitted  the  chaise  and  mounted 
his  servant's  horse,  on  which  he  drove  into  Boston  with  all  the 
speed  he  could  make  ;  till,  the  horse  failing  within  the  gate,  he 
ran  on  foot  to  the  camp,  through  which  he  spread  consternation, 
telling  them  he  was  pursued  by  some  thousands,  who  would  be  in 
town  at  his  heels,  and  destroy  all  friends  of  government  before 
them.  A  gentleman  in  Boston,  observing  the  motion  in  the 
camp,  and  concluding  they  were  on  the t  point  of  marching  to 
Cambridge  from  both  ends  of  the  town,  communicated  the  alarm 
to  Dr.  Roberts,  then  at  Charlestown  Ferry,  who,  having  a  very 
fleet  horse,  brought  the  news  in  a  few  minutes  to  the  Committee, 
then  at  dinner.  The  intelligence  was  instantly  diffused,  and  the 
people  whose  arms  were  nearest,  sent  persons  to  bring  them, 
while  horsemen  were  despatched  both  ways  to  gain  more  certain 
advice  of  the  true  state  of  the  soldiery.  A  greater  fervor  and 
resolution  probably  never  appeared  among  any  troops.  The  de- 
spatches soon  returning  and  assuring  the  body  that  the  soldiers 
still  remained  and  were  likely  to  remain  in  their  camp,  they 
resumed  their  business  with  spirit,  and  resolved  to  leave  no  un- 
constitutional officer  within  their  reach  in  possession  of  his  place. 
On  this  the  Committee  assembled  again,  and  drew  up  the  paper 
of  which  the  following  is  a  copy,  and  at  the  head  of  the  body 
delivered  it  to  Lieut.  Governor  Oliver,  to  sign,  with  which  he 
complied,  after  obtaining  their  consent  to  add  the  latter  clause, 
implying  the  force  by  which  he  was  compelled  to  do  it.  Mr. 
Mason,  Clerk  of  the  County  of  Middlesex,  also  engaged  to  do  no 
one  thing  in  obedience  to  the  new  Act  of  Parliament  impairing 
our  Charter. 

" '  Cambridge,  Sept.  2,  1774.  Thomas  Oliver,  being  appointed 
by  his  majesty  to  a  seat  at  the  Council  Board,  upon  and  in  con- 
formity to  the  late  Act  of  Parliament,  entitled  An  Act  for  the 
better  regulation  of  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  which 
being  a  manifest  infringement  of  the  Charter  rights  and  privi- 
leges of  the  people,  I  do  hereby,  in  conformity  to  the  commands 
of  the  body  of  the  County  now  convened,  most  solemnly  renounce 


156  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

and  resign  my  seat  at  said  unconstitutional  Board,  and  hereby 
firmly  promise  and  engage,  as  a  man  of  honor  and  a  Christian, 
that  I  never  will  hereafter  upon  any  terms  whatsoever  accept  a 
seat  at  said  Board  on  the  present  novel  and  oppressive  plan  of 
government.  My  house1  at  Cambridge  being  surrounded  by 
about  four  thousand  people,  in  compliance  with  their  command  I 
sign  my  name.  THOMAS  OLIVER.'  ' 

"  The  gentlemen  from  Boston,  Charlestown,  and  Cambridge, 
having  provided  some  refreshment  for  their  greatly -fatigued 
brethren,  they  cheerfully  accepted  it,  took  leave,  and  departed 
in  high  good  humor  and  well  satisfied." 

Such  is  the  account  given  in  the  "  Boston  Gazette "  of  the 
memorable  proceedings  in  Cambridge  on  the  second  day  of  Sep- 
tember, 1774,  resulting  in  the  compulsory  resignation  of  three 
Mandamus  Councillors,  and  the  pledge  of  the  Sheriff  that  he 
would  not  execute  any  precept  sent  to  him  under  the  new  Acts 
of  Parliament  for  altering  the  constitution  of  the  Province.  The 
importance  of  the  events,  and  the  vivid  picture  afforded  of  the 
excitement  which  then  filled  the  public  mind,  may  justify  the 
reproduction  of  the  history  at  full  length. 

In  the  same  paper 2  is  published  "  a  true  copy  of  a  letter  said 
to  be  wrote  by  General  Brattle  to  the  commander-in-chief,  and 
picked  up  in  this  town  last  week,  viz. :  — 

"  Cambridge,  August  27,  1774.  Mr.  Brattle  presents  his  duty 
to  Governor  Gage.  He  apprehends  it  his  duty  to  acquaint  his 
Excellency,  from  time  to  time,  with  every  thing  he  hears  and 
knows  to  be  true,  and  is  of  importance  in  these  troublesome  times, 
which  is  the  apology  Mr.  Brattle  makes  for  troubling  the  General 
with  this  letter. 

"  Capt.  Minot  of  Concord,  a  very  worthy  man,  this  minute 
informed  Mr.  Brattle  that  there  had  been  repeatedly  made  press- 
ing applications  to  him,  to  warn  his  company  to  meet  at  one 
minute's  warning,  equipt  with  arms  and  ammunition,  according 
to  law ;  he  had  constantly  denied  them,  adding,  if  he  did  not 
gratify  them,  he  should  be  constrained  to  quit  his  farms  and  town : 
Mr.  Brattle  told  him  he  had  better  do  that  than  lose  his  life  and 
be  hanged  for  a  rebel :  he  observed  that  many  captains  had  done 
it,  though  not  in  the  Regiment  to  which  he  belonged,  which 

1  This  house  was  erected  by  Mr.  Oliver,  from  Cambridge  to  this  town."    He  never 

about  1767,  on  the  westerly  side  of  Elm-  returned    but   died    in   exile,   at    Bristol, 

wood  Avenue.      The   Boston   Gazette   of  England,  Nov.  29,  1815. 

Sept.  12,  announced  that   "Lieut.  Gov.  2  Boston  Gazette,  Sept.  5,  1776. 
Oliver  has  removed  his  family  and  goods 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  157 

was  and  is  under  Col.  Elisha  Jones,  but  in  a  neighboring  Regi- 
ment. Mr.  Brattle  begs  leave  humbly  to  query  whether  it  would 
not  be  best  that  there  should  not  be  one  commission  officer  of 
the  militia  in  the  Province. 

"  This  morning  the  selectmen  of  Medford  came  and  received 
their  town  stock  of  powder,  which  was  in  the  arsenal  on  quarry- 
hill,  so  that  there  is  now  therein  the  King's  powder  only,  which 
shall  remain  there  as  a  sacred  deposition  till  ordered  out  by  the 
Captain-General.  To  his  Excellency  General  Gage,  &c.  &c.  &c." 

This  letter  of  Gen.  Brattle  had  been  printed  in  a  hand-bill 
before  it  appeared  in  the  "  Gazette,"  and  lie  had  prepared  an 
explanation  of  it,  which  was  already  in  the  hands  of  the  printer ; 
but  its  publication  was  postponed  until  the  next  week,  Sept.  12th. 
It  was  characteristic  of  the  writer,  manifesting  a  strong  desire  to 
stand  well  with  both  parties  :  — 

"Boston  Sept.  2,  1774.  I  think  it  but  justice  to  myself  to 
give  an  account  of  my  conduct,  for  which  I  am  blamed,  and 
to  obviate  some  mistakes  which  are  believed.  His  Excellency 
Governor  Gage  wrote  me  in  the  words  following :  '  Sir,  as  I 
am  informed  there  are  several  military  stores  in  your  charge 
at  Cambridge,  I  beg  the  favor  of  you  to  send  me  a  return  of 
them  as  soon  as  convenient,  specifying  the  different  sorts  of 
each.  T.  GAGE.  To  Major  General  Brattle.'  Which  order 
I  obeyed.  I  did  the  like  to  Governors  Pownal,  Bernard,  and 
Hutchinson  ;  in  doing  of  which,  every  soldier  will  say  I  did 
but  my  duty.  But  it  is  affirmed,  I  advised  the  Governor  to 
remove  the  powder  :  this  I  positively  deny,  because  it  is  abso- 
lutely false.  It  never  so  much  as  entered  into  my  mind  or 
thought.  After  I  had  made  my  return,  I  never  heard  one  word 
about  the  affair  till  the  night  before  last,  when  Sheriff  Phipps 
came  to  my  house  with  the  Governor's  order  to  deliver  him  the 
powder  and  guns  ;  the  keys  of  the  powder-house  I  then  delivered 
him,  and  wrote  to  Mr.  Mason,  who  had  the  care  of  the  guns  under 
me,  to  deliver  them,  which  I  suppose  he  did  ;  both  I  imagine 
were  taken,  but  where  transported  I  know  not.  I  wrote  to 
the  Governor  what  is  contained  in  the  Hand-Bill  lately  printed. 
I  did  not  write  the  Governor  the  grounds  and  reasons  of  the 
Quere  therein  contained,  but  I  will  now  mention  them.  They 
proceeded  from  a  real  regard  both  to  the  Commission-officers  and 
to  the  Province ;  first  to  the  Commission-officers  ;  I  thought  and 
still  think  it  was  best  for  them  ;  many  of  whom  I  thought  would 
be  unwilling  to  issue  their  warrants,  and  if  they  did  not,  I  ap- 


158  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

prehended  they  might  meet  with  some  difficulty  ;  and  those  that 
did,  I  was  not  convinced  so  great  good  would  result  therefrom  as 
if  another  method  was  taken.  Secondly,  I  thought  and  still 
think  it  would  be  much  better  for  the  Province ;  for  supposing 
there  was  not  one  Commission-officer  for  the  present  in  it,  what 
danger  could  the  Province  sustain  ?  It  may  be  answered,  Com- 
mission-officers are  supposed  to  be  the  most  understanding  in 
military  affairs.  I  grant  it :  But  supposing  their  commissions 
were  vacated,  supposing  the  respective  companies  in  the  Province 
were  disposed  and  determined  to  do  any  one  matter  or  thing 
which  they  imagined  to  be  for  its  safety,  and  proper  persons  were 
to  be  employed  to  lead  them,  &c.,  doth  their  not  having  commis- 
sions in  the  least  unfit  them  from  being  employed  in  the  particu- 
lar services  they  may  be  chosen  to  execute  ?  and  in  this  way  can 
not  any  one  conceive  that  the  Commission-officers  leading  their 
respective  companies,  might  in  the  eyes  of  the  judicious  be  looked 
upon  more  blamable  in  doing  such  and  such  things,  than  they 
would  be  if  they  were  not  military  officers,  and  did  not  act  under 
commission  ?  Might  not  the  difference  with  respect  to  the  Prov- 
ince be  looked  upon  very  great,  both  at  home  and  here?  It 
was  suggested  that  General  Gage  demanded  the  Towns  Stocks 
of  Powder ;  this  certainly  he  did  not ;  the  above  order  speaks  for 
itself.  As  I  would  not  have  delivered  the  Provincial  powder  to 
any  one  but  to  his  Excellency  or  order,  so  the  Towns  Stocks  I 
would  have  delivered  to  none  but  to  the  selectmen  or  their  order. 
Upon  the  whole,  the  threatenings  I  have  met  with,  my  banish- 
ment from  my  own  home,  the  place  of  my  nativity,  rny  house 
being  searched,  though  I  am  informed  it  was  without  damage, 
and  the  sense  of  the  people  touching  my  conduct  &c.  cannot  but 
be  grievous,  yet  this  grief  is  much  lessened  by  the  pleasui'e  aris- 
ing in  my  mind  from  a  consciousness  that  I  am  a  friend  to  my 
country ;  and,  in  the  above  instances,  that  I  really  acted  accord- 
ing to  my  best  judgment  for  its  true  interest.  I  am  extremely 
sorry  for  what  has  taken  place ;  I  hope  I  may  be  forgiven,  and 
desire  it  of  all  that  are  offended,  since  I  acted  from  an  honest, 
friendly  principle,  though  it  might  be  a  mistaken  one. 

"  W.  BRATTLE." 

The  Governor  having  dissolved  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  June,  writs  were  issued  for  the  election  of  a  new  House,  to 
assemble  at  Salem  on  the  5th  of  October.  Meantime,  the  Coun- 
cil elected  by  the  former  House  had  been  superseded  by  the 
Mandamus  Council.  Having  already  compelled  the  resignation 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  159 

of  some  members  of  this  new  council,  and  knowing  that  many 
others  had  resigned  or  declined  to  accept  the  office,  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Cambridge  utterly  refused  to  recognize  the  official  au- 
thority of  that  obnoxious  body,  and,  like  most  of  the  towns  in 
the  province,  instructed  their  Representatives,  Oct.  3,  1774,  to 
join  only  with  the  Council  which  had  been  duly  elected  by  the 
General   Court :    "  To   Capt.  Thomas   Gardner   and  the   Honble 
John  Winthrop  Esq.     Gentlemen,  As   you  are   now  chosen  to 
represent  this  town  in  General  Assembly,  to  meet  at  Salem  the 
5th  of  this  instant  October,  you  are  instructed  and  empowered 
to  join  with  the  Honble  his  Majesty's  Council  who  were  chosen 
by  both  Houses  legally  assembled  in  May  last,  and  were  ap- 
proved, and  are  the  only  constitutional  Council  in  this   Province 
to  act  with  them  as  an  House  of  Representatives,  or  to  act  with 
the  Delegates  that  are  or  may  be  chosen  by  the  several  towns  in 
this  Province,  to  form  a  Provincial  Congress :  to  meet  with  them 
from  time  to  time,  and  at  such  time  and  place  as  by  them,  or 
either  of  them,  shall  be  agreed  upon  ;  to  consult  and  determine 
(in  either  capacity)  upon  such  matters  and  things  as  may  come 
before  you,  and  in  such  a  manner  as  to  you  may  seem  most  con- 
ducive to  the  real  interest  of  this  town  and  province,  and  most 
proper  to  deliver  ourselves  and  all  America  from  the  iron  jaws  of 
slavery."  *•     A   firm  resolution  to  maintain  their  position  at  all 
hazards,  and  to  resist  arbitrary  authority  even  unto  blood,  is  in- 
dicated by  votes  adopted  at  the  same  town  meeting,  empowering 
the  Selectmen  to  procure  a  carriage  for  the  cannon  belonging  to 
the  town,  to  purchase  another  cannon,  and  to  furnish  powder  and 
balls  for  both ;  also  to  draw  money  from  the  treasury  for  the 
payment  of  drummers  and  fifers,  for  the  instruction  of  fifers,  the 
purchase  of  fifes,  and  the  refreshment  of  soldiers,  till  further  or- 
der.    At  a  subsequent  meeting,  Nov.  28,  1774,  it  is  recorded 
that,  "  whereas  the  Provincial  Congress  did,  on  the  28th  day  of 
October  last,  resolve  and  appoint  Henry  Gardner  Esq.  of  Stow 
to  be  Receiver  General  of  this  Province,  for  reasons  most  obvi- 
ous," etc.,  the  collectors  of  taxes  were  directed  and  required  to 
pay  the  province  taxes  to  said  Gardner,  and  the  town  agreed  to 
indemnify  them  ;  "  and  if  any  person  or  persons  shall  refuse  to 
comply  with  the  true  and  obvious  spirit  and  design  of  the  said 
resolve  and  this  vote,  this  town  will  consider  them  as  operating 

1  The  Governor  dissolved  this  new  days  afterwards,  having  resolved  thcm- 
House  of  Representatives  before  the  day  selves  into  a  Provincial  Congress,  ad- 
appointed  for  meeting.  The  members  met,  journed  to  Concord,  where  sessions  were 
however,  on  the  5th  of  October,  and  two  held  during  the  next  two  months. 


160  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

with  the  enemies  of  the  rights  and  liberties  of  this  injured  and 
oppressed  people." 

A  few  months  later,  the  Revolutionary  War  commenced,  and 
Cambridge  became  the  head-quarters  of  the  American  army.  Of 
the  share  borne  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  in  the  military 
struggle  which  continued  nearly  eight  years,  a  brief  sketch  will 
be  given  in  another  place.  The  record  of  civil  proceedings  of  the 
town,  during  that  period,  is  meagre  ;  a  few  facts,  however,  may  be 
gleaned. 

For  many  years  after  the  commencement  of  resistance  to  the 
arbitrary  measures  of  the  ministry  and  of  Parliament,  loyalty  to 
the  King,  or  to  the  crown  was  professed.  At  length,  absolute 
independence  appeared  to  be  the  only  safe  and  effectual  solution 
of  the  difficulty.  The  Continental  Congress,  before  adopting  and 
proclaiming  a  Declaration  of  Independence,  naturally  desired  to 
know  whether  the  people  would  abide  by  it,  and  sought  advice 
from  the  several  colonies.  This  question  was  referred  to  each 
town  by  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts.  At  a  town  meet- 
ing in  Cambridge,  May  27,  1776,  it  was  "  unanimously  voted,  that 
whereas  in  the  late  House  of  Representatives  of  this  colony,  10 
May  1776,  it  was  resolved,  as  the  opinion  of  that  House,  that  the 
inhabitants  of  each  town  in  this  Colony  ought,  in  full  town-meet- 
ing warned  for  that  purpose,  to  advise  the  person  or  persons  who 
shall  be  chosen  to  represent  them  in  the  next  General  Court, 
whether  that,  if  the  honorable  Congress  should,  for  the  safety  of 
the  said  Colonies,  declare  them  independent  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Great  Britain,  they  the  said  inhabitants  will  solemnly  engage 
with  their  lives  and  fortunes  to  support  them  in  the  measure,  — 
We  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  in  full  town-meet- 
ing assembled  and  warned  for  the  purpose  abovesaid,  do  solemnly 
engage  with  our  lives  and  fortunes  to  support  them  in  the  meas- 
ure." Most  faithfully  did  they  redeem  their  pledge. 

The  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  suffered  the  various  privations 
and  inconveniences  incident  to  .warfare,  from  which  they  sought 
relief  in  a  quiet  and  peaceable  manner.  On  the  18th  of  Septem- 
ber, 1776,  Edward  Marrett,  by  direction  of  the  town,  petitioned 
the  General  Court  that  the  hospital  at  Sewall's  Point  in  Brook- 
line  might  no  longer  be  used  for  the  treatment  of  small-pox,  as 
coasters  were  fearful  of  passing  up  the  river  with  fuel ;  and  so 
much  wood  in  Cambridge  and  the  vicinity  had  been  destroyed  by 
the  army,  that  the  inhabitants  and  students  could  obtain  none  ex- 
cept at  exorbitant  prices.  The  Court  ordered  "  that  the  barracks 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  161 

standing  within  the  fort  at  Sewall's  Point  be  not  used,  for  a  hos- 
pital, and  that  they  be  kept  clear  of  infection. " 1  August  14, 
1777,  the  General  Court  granted  a  parcel  of  nails  ("  3300  double 
tens  ")  to  a  Committee,  for  repairing  the  jail  at  Cambridge,  the 
Committee  not  being  able  to  obtain  them  elsewhere, — the  said 
nails  to  be  paid  for  by  the  town.2  September  10,  1777.  "The 
petition  of  the  selectmen  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  in  behalf  of 
themselves  and  the  inhabitants  of  said  town,  humbly  sheweth,  — 
That  whereas  the  inhabitants  of  said  town  are  in  great  necessity 
of  the  article  of  salt,  and  it  not  being  in  their  power  to  procure 
the  same  at  any  price  or  to  make  the  same,  our  wood  being  at  so 
high  a  price  as  twelve  dollars  a  cord,  and  as  we  understand  the 
State  have  supplied  most  of  the  towns  within  the  same  with 
some  considerable  quantity  of  the  article,  and  are  still  in  posses- 
sion of  a  quantity  of  the  same,  and  therefore  pray  that  we  may  be 
supplied  with  such  a  quantity  as  your  honors  in  your  wisdom  may 
see  fit,"  etc.3  Sept.  24, 1777.  "  On  the  petition  of  Isaac  Bradish, 
under-keeper  of  the  gaol  in  Cambridge,  setting  forth  that  he 
hath  in  custody  a  number  of  Scotch  and  Hessian  prisoners,  (23 
in  all,)  and  is  unable  to  procure  bread-corn  sufficient  for  their 
sustenance,  and  therefore  praying  he  may  be  allowed  to  draw 
bread-corn  out  of  the  public  stores  for  the  support  of  said  pris- 
oners :  —  Resolved,  that  the  Board  of  War  be,  and  they  hereby 
are  directed  to  supply  the  said  Bradish  with  eight  barrels  of  flour 
for  the  purpose  above  mentioned  ;  he  the  said  Bradish  paying  for 
the  same."  * 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  Cambridge  instructed  its  Rep- 
resentatives, October  3,  1774,  not  to  recognize  the  Mandamus 
Council,  so  called,  but  to  join  with  the  Council  elected  in  the 
previous  May,  under  the  provisions  of  the  Charter,  or,  if  this  were 
impracticable,  "  to  act  with  the  Delegates  that  are  or  may  be 
chosen  by  the  several  towns  in  this  Province  to  form  a  Provincial 
Congress."  Such  a  Congress  was  formed,  and  was  succeeded  by 
others,  whose  resolves  and  recommendations,  by  general  consent, 
had  the  force  of  law,  —  administered  chiefly  by  committees  and 
other  officers  elected  by  towns.  After  the  commencement  of 
hostilities,  advice  was  requested  of  the  Continental  Congress,  re- 
specting a  more  regular  form  of  government.  On  the  9th  of 
June,  1775,  that  Congress  "  Resolved,  That  no  obedience  being 
due  to  the  act  of  parliament  for  altering  the  Charter  of  the  colony 

1  Mass.  liec.,  xxxv.  287.  8  Jbid.,  clxxxiii.  134. 

2  Mass.  Arch.,  ccxv.  46.  4  Printed  Journal,  Ho.  Rep. 

11 


162  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  Massachusetts  Bay,  nor  to  a  governor  and  lieutenant-governor 
who  will  not  observe  the  directions  of,  but  endeavor  to  subvert, 
that  charter  ;  the  governor  and  lieutenant-governor  are  to  be  con- 
sidered as  absent,  and  their  offices  vacant.  And  as  there  is  no 
council  there,  and  the  inconveniences  arising  from  the  suspension 
of  the  powers  of  government  are  intolerable,  especially  at  a  time 
when  General  Gage  hath  actually  levied  war,  and  is  carrying  on 
hostilities  against  his  majesty's  peaceful  and  loyal  subjects  of  that 
colony  ;  that  in  order  to  conform,  as  near  as  may  be,  to  the  spirit 
and  substance  of  the  charter,  it  be  recommended  to  the  Provincial 
Congress  to  write  letters  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  several  places 
which  are  entitled  to  representation  in  assembly,  requesting  them 
to  choose  such  representatives  ;  and  that  the  assembly,  when 
chosen,  should  elect  counsellors  ;  which  assembly  and  council 
should  exercise  the  powers  of  government,  until  a  governor  of  his 
majesty's  appointment  will  consent  to  govern  the  colony  accord- 
ing to  the  charter."  *  This  advice  was  accepted,  and  a  General 
Court  was  duly  organized.  Not  many  months  later,  Governor 
Gage  fled  from  the  colony,  independence  was  declared,  and  sub- 
jection to  British  authority  and  law  was  utterly  renounced. 
Some  new  form  of  government,  suitable  to  a  free  and  independ- 
ent people,  was  desired  ;  and  the  General  Court  proposed  to 
frame  a  constitution.  The  people  of  Cambridge  manifested  their 
disapprobation  of  this  method,  and  at  a  town-meeting,  June  16, 
1777,  "  Voted,  That  the  Representative  of  this  town  be  and 
hereby  is  instructed  not  to  agree  to  any  attempt  that  may  be 
made  at  present  to  form  a  new  constitution  for  this  State  by  the 
General  Court,  or  any  other  body  of  men  whatever,  but  to  op- 
pose any  such  attempt  with  all  his  influence."  And  when  the 
General  Court,  "  acting  as  a  Convention,"  agreed  upon  such  a 
Constitution,  Feb.  28,  1778,  and  submitted  it  to  the  people  for 
approval,  it  was  unanimously  rejected  by  the  inhabitants  of  Cam- 
bridge. At  a  town  meeting,  May  25, 1778,  "  The  plan  of  a  con- 
stitution and  form  of  Government  for  the  State  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Bay,  as  proposed  by  the  Convention,  was  read  and  fully 
debated  on  ;  the  number  of  voters  present  was  seventy-nine,  all 
of  them  being  freemen  more  than  twenty-one  years  of  age,  and 
neither  'a  negro,  indian,  or  molatto,'  among  them  ;  the  question 
was  determined  by  yeas  and  nays,  when  there  appeared  for  the 
proposed  form,  none :  and  against  it,  seventy-nine."  This  con 
stitution  was  rejected  by  a  large  majority  of  the  voters  in  the 
Commonwealth. 

1  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,  359. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  163 

On  the  first  day  of  September,  1779,  a  Convention  of  Dele- 
gates, elected  for  that  special  purpose,  assembled  at  Cambridge,1 
and  continued  in  session  by  successive  adjournments  until  March 
2,  1780.  As  a  result  of  its  labors,  it  submitted  a  "  Constitution 
or  Frame  of  Government,"  which  was  accepted  by  the  people, 
and  remained  in  force,  without  alteration,  for  the  next  forty 
years.  The  action  of  Cambridge  indicates  a  watchful  regard  for 
popular  rights,  and  at  the  same  time  a  commendable  disposition 
to  yield  individual  preferences  for  the  sake  of  having  some  estab- 
lished government:  At  a  town  meeting,  May  22,  1780,  "Voted, 
unanimously,  in  favor  of  the  Declaration  of  the  Bill  of  Rights  in 

the  new  frame  of  government Forty-three  voted  to  adopt 

said  frame  of  government,  and  with  the  following  amendments, 
(two  against  it).  By  way  of  instructions  to  our  Delegate  for 
Convention  :  —  We  therefore  instruct  you  to  use  your  endeavors 
to  procure  an  erasement  of  the  clause  in  the  4th  Article  of  the  1st 
Section  of  the  1st  Chapter  of  the  Constitution,  empowering  the 
General  Court  to  impose  and  levy  duties  and  excises  upon  any 
produce,  goods,  wares,  merchandize,  and  commodities  whatever, 
brought  into,  produced,  manufactured,  or  being,  within  the  Com- 
monwealth ;  because  we  conceive  such  a  power  to  be  oppressive 
and  dangerous  to  the  subjects  of  the  State.  It  is  oppressive,  as 
employing  a  great  number  of  persons  to  collect  the  revenue,  who 
will  swallow  up  a  considerable  part  of  it,  and  who  will  have  the 
most  favorable  opportunities  to  cany  on  iniquitous  [practices] 
without  being  detected.  It  is  likewise  oppressive,  as  the  money 
is  raised  upon  the  consumers,  and  instead  of  being  a  tax  upon 
trade,  much  more  considerable  sums  of  money  are  taken  from  our 
consumers  and  thrown  into  the  hands  of  the  sellers  than  would 
otherwise  be  transferred,  because  the  sellers  will  put  their  ad- 
vance upon  the  money  they  pay  as  excise,  in  addition  to  the 
advance  upon  the  articles  of  sale.  It  is  also  oppressive,  as  the 
officers  must  necessarily  be  trusted  with  a  right  to  make  a  forcible 
entry  into  the  most  retired  apartments  ;  for  if  they  have  not 
this  power,  the  widest  door  will  be  open  for  perjury.  It  is  da«- 
gerous  to  the  liberty  of  the  subjects,  as  the  government  would  of 
course  be  trusted  with  unknown  sums  of  money,  and  sums  which 
from  their  own  nature  must  be  uncertain,  and  by  means  of  this 
money  they  may  secure  such  influence  as  may  subvert  the  liberty 

1  The  sessions  were  held  at  Cambridge,  delegates  from  Cambridge  were  Abraham 
Sept.  1-7,  and  Oct.  28  to  Nov.  11;  at  Watson,  Esq.,  Mr.  Benjamin  Coopir,  and 
Boston  from  Jan.  5  to  March  2.  The  Capt.  Stephen  Daua. 


164  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

we  have  purchased  at  so  dear  a  rate.  You  are  also  instructed  to 
obtain  an  insertion  of  a  clause  in  the  2d  article  of  the  6th  chap- 
ter of  the  Constitution,  whereby  settled  Teachers  of  morality,  &c., 
and  all  persons  whatever  who  do  not  pay  taxes  shall  be  excluded 
from  a  seat  in  the  House  of  Representatives  ;  because  those  per- 
sons who  bear  no  part  of  the  public  burden  can  not  be  such  com- 
petent judges  of  the  ability  of  the  people  to  pay  taxes,  as  those 
who  support  their  part.  And  as  to  the  exclusion  of  settled 
Teachers  of  morality,  &c.,  let  it  suffice  to  say  that  we  think  them 
very  important  officers  in  the  State,  and  that  the  community  must 
suffer  much  from  having  so. great  a  number  employed  in  services 
so  distinct  from  their  particular  offices  as  undoubtedly  will  be, 
provided  the  insertion  be  not  made.  At  the  same  time,  we 
are  not  unwilling  that  gentlemen  of  this  order,  of  shining  abili- 
ties, should  be  introduced  into  superior  departments  by  the  suf- 
frages of  the  people  at  large. 

"  However,  we  do  not  mean  to  be  so  strenuous  in  our  objections 
as  to  decline  receiving  the  whole  as  it  stands,  provided  in  the 
opinion  of  the  Convention  the  amendments  ought  not  to  be  made. 
Accordingly,  we,  being  willing  to  give  up  our  own  opinion  in 
lesser  matters,  in  order  to  obtain  a  government  whose  authority 
may  not  be  disputed,  and  which  we  wish  may  soon  be  established, 
do  instruct  and  direct  you  in  our  name  and  behalf,  to  ratify  and 
confirm  the  proposed  form,  whether  the  amendments  be  made  or 
not." 

Soon  after  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution,  uneasiness  began 
to  be  manifested  in  various  portions  of  the  Commonwealth,  fol- 
lowed by  more  or  less  tumultuary  assemblages  of  the  people,  cul- 
minating, in  1786,  in  armed  resistance  to  the  government.  From 
the  name  of  a  prominent  leader,  this  has  been  called  the  "  Shays 
Rebellion,"  which  at  one  time  assumed  a  formidable  aspect.  The 
wide-spread  disaffection  which  prevailed  was  not  without  cause. 
"  A  heavy  debt  lying  on  the  State,  added  to  burdens  of  the  same 
nature,  upon  almost  every  incorporation  within  it ;  a  relaxation 
oi  manners,  and  a  free  use  of  foreign  luxuries  ;  a  decay  of  trade 
and  manufactures,  with  a  prevailing  scarcity  of  money  ;  and, 
above  all,  individuals  involved  in  debt  to  each  other,  are  evils 
which  leave  us  under  no  necessity  of  searching  further  for  the 
reasons  of  the  insurrections  which  took  place."  1  The  nature 
of  the  complaints  made  by  the  insurgents,  under  the  name  of 
"  grievances,"  may  be  gathered  from  the  printed  proceedings  of 

1  Minot's  Hist.  Insurrections,  27,  28. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  105 

a  convention  at  Hatfield,  Aug.  22,  1786,  declaring  the  following 
to  be  some  of  the  "  grievances  and  unnecessary  burdens  now 
lying  upon  the  people  :  —  The  existence  of  the  Senate  ;  the 
present  mode  of  representation  ;  the  officers  of  government 
not  being  annually  dependent  on  the  representatives  of  the  peo- 
ple, in  General  Court  assembled,  for  their  salaries ;  all  the  civil 
officers  of  government  not  being  annually  elected  by  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  people,  in  General  Court  assembled ;  the  exist- 
ence of  the  Courts  of  Common  Pleas  and  General  Sessions  of  the 
Peace ;  the  Fee  table  as  it  now  stands ;  the  present  mode  of  ap- 
propriating the  impost  and  excise  ;  the  unreasonable  grants  made 
to  some  of  the  officers  of  government ;  the  supplementary  aid  ;  the 
present  mode  of  paying  the  government  securities ;  the  present 
mode  adopted  for  the  payment  and  speedy  collection  of  the  last  tax ; 
the  present  mode  of  taxation,  as  it  operates  unequally  between  the 
polls  and  estates,  and  between  landed  and  mercantile  interests ; 
the  present  method  of  practice  of  the  attornies  at  law  ;  the  want 
of  a  sufficient  medium  of  trade,  to  remedy  the  mischiefs  arising 
from  the  scarcity  of  money  ;  the  General  Court  sitting  in  the  town 
of  Boston  ;  the  present  embarrassments  on  the  press  ;  the  neglect 
of  the  settlement  of  important  matters  depending  between  the 
Commonwealth  and  Congress,  relating  to  monies  and  averages." 
"  It  is  scarcely  possible  for  a  government  to  be  more  imperfect,  or 
worse  administered,  than  that  of  Massachusetts  is  here  repre- 
sented to  be.  Essential  branches  of  the  legislative  and  judicial 
departments  were  said  to  be  grievous  ;  material  proceedings  upon 
national  concerns  erroneous  ;  obvious  measures  for  paying  the  debt 
blindly  overlooked  ;  public  monies  misappropriated  ;  and  the  con- 
stitution itself  intolerably  defective."  l  "  The  immediate  remedies 
proposed  by  this  convention  were,  the  issue  of  paper  money 
which  should  be  made  '  a  legal  tender  in  all  payments,  equal  to 
silver  and  gold  ; '  a  revision  of  the  Constitution  ;  and  a  session 
of  the  General  Court  forthwith,  for  the  redress  of  the  '  griev- 
ances '  complained  of."  2  The  first  notice  of  this  civil  commotion 
found  on  the  town  records  is  under  date  of  July  24,  1786  :  — 

"  A  letter  to  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge,  and  signed  by  John 
Nutting,  purporting  to  be  written  by  desire  of  a  meeting  of  com- 
mittees from  the  towns  of  Groton,  Pepperell,  Shirley,  Townsend, 
and  Ashby,  and  requesting  our  concurrence  in  a  County  Conven- 
tion to  be  held  at  Concord  on  the  23d  of  August  next,  in  order 
to  consult  upon  matters  of  public  grievances,  and  find  out  means 
1  Minot's  Hist.  Insurrections,  34-37.  2  Ibid.,  35. 


166  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  redress,  having  been  read,  it  was  Voted,  that  the  Selectmen 
be  desired  to  answer  said  letter,  and  express  the  attachment  of 
this  town  to  the  present  constitution  and  administration  of  gov- 
ernment, and  also  to  express  our  aversion  to  use  any  irregular 
means  for  compassing  an  end  which  the  constitution  has  already 
provided  for,  as  we  know  of  no  grievances  the  present  system  of 
government  is  inadequate  to  redress.  Voted,  that  the  above 
mentioned  letter,  signed  by  John  Nutting  and  directed  to  the 
Selectmen  of  this  town,  be  printed,  together  with  their  answer, 
and  that,  the  Selectmen  cause  the  same  to  be  done."  The  letter 
and  reply  were  accordingly  printed  in  the  "  Boston  Independent 
Chronicle,"  July  27,  1786*  as  follows :  - 

"  To  the  Selectmen  of  Cambridge.  Gentlemen,  We,  the  com- 
mittees chose  by  the  several  towns  hereafter  mentioned,  viz. 
Groton,  Pepperell,  Shirley,  Townsend,  and  Ashby,  met  at  Gro- 
ton  the  29th  day  of  June,  1786,  to  consult  upon  matters  of  public 
grievances  ;  and  after  appointing  a  chairman  for  that  day,  it  was 
thought  best  to  notify  all  the  towns  in  this  county  to  meet  by 
their  committees,  at  the  house  of  Capt.  Brown,  innholder  in  Con- 
cord, on  the  23d  day  of  August  next,  to  consult  upon  matters  of 
public  grievances  and  embarrassments  that  the  people  of  this 
Commonwealth  labor  under,  and  to  find  out  means  of  redress,  &c. 
By  order  of  the  committee  :  JOHN  NUTTING,  Chairman.  Groton, 
July  19.  1786.  N.  B.  It  is  expected  that  a  committee  from  the 
Convention  that  is  to  set  in  Worcester  County,  the  15th  of  Au- 
gust, will  attend." 

"  To  Capt.  John  Nutting,  Pepperell,  &c.,  &c.  Cambridge, 
24th  July,  1786.  Sir,  Your  letter,  dated  June  29,  1786,  desiring 
the  concurrence  of  this  town  in  a  proposed  Convention,  for  the  re- 
dress of  grievances,  we  have  received  and  laid  before  the  inhab- 
itants at  a  meeting.  Agreeably  to  their  request,  we  shall  give 
you  their  sentiments  on  the  subject.  The  government  under 
which  we  live,  the  government  which  we  have  expended  much 
blood  and  treasure  to  establish,  we  conceive  to  be  founded  on 
the  most  free  principles  which  are 'consistent  with  the  being  of 
any  government  at  all.  The  constitution  has  provided  for  the 
annual  choice  of  every  branch  of  the  Legislature,  and  that  the 
people  in  the  several  towns  may  assemble  to  deliberate  on  public 
grievances,  and  to  instruct  their  Representatives.  By  annual  elec- 
tions there  are  frequent  opportunities  to  change  the  Representa- 
tives, if  their  conduct  is  disapproved.  Of  what  use  then  a  Conven- 
tion can  be,  without  authority  to  call  for  information,  and  without 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  167 

power  to  inforce  their  regulations,  is  to  us  inconceivable.  If  any 
man  in  a  town  is  more  deserving  of  confidence  than  the  rest,  he 
should  be  chosen  Representative ;  but  to  forbear  sending  consti- 
tutional Representatives,  and  to  send  unconstitutional  ones,  is 
wrong  as  well  as  trifling.  It  is  trifling,  because  they  can  do  us 
no  good ;  and  it  is  wrong,  not  only  because  it  is  putting  the  peo- 
ple to  needless  expense,  but  because  the  constitution,  by  provid- 
ing a  mode  in  which  the  business  shall  be  done,  by  a  very  strong 
implication  forbids  its  being  done  in  any  other  way.  The  only 
case  then  in  which  we  think  Conventions  justifiable,  is  where  the 
legislative  or  executive  powers  of  the  State  have  been  evidently 
and  notoriously  applied  to  unconstitutional  purposes,  and  no  con- 
stitutional means  of  redress  remains.  We  have  yet  heard  of  no 
such  abuse  of  power  ;  and  no  grievances  to  be  redressed  being 
specified  in  your  letter,  a  proposition  of  this  kind  seems  wholly 
unjustifiable.  We  accordingly,  in  the  name  of  the  town,  assure 
you,  not  only  of  our  aversion  to  joining  in  this  measure,  but  of 
our  perfect  attachment  and  firm  adherence  to  the  present  excel- 
lent constitution  and  administration  of  government.  It  is  in 
our  estimation  the  peculiar  happiness  of  this  people  to  live  under 
a  mild  and  equitable  administration,  in  which  the  penal  laws 
are  few  and  well  executed.  We  therefore  shall  use  our  utmost 
endeavors  to  prevent  the  operations  of  government  from  being 
obstructed  to  gratify  the  restless  disposition,  or  to  promote  the 
sinister  views,  of  any  designing  party.  By  order  and  in  behalf 
of  the  Selectmen,  WILLIAM  WINTHROP,  Chairman." 

When  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  was  submitted  to 
the  several  States,  in  1788,  for  adoption,  although  it  narrowly 
escaped  rejection,  being  violently  opposed  by  those  who  had  re- 
cently manifested  disaffection  towards  the  State  government,  and 
by  others  who  imagined  that  it  involved  an  improper  surrender 
of  State  rights,  the  voice  of  Cambridge  was  given  in  its  favor  by 
her  two  delegates,  Hon.  Francis  Dana  and  Stephen  Dana,  Esq. 

Of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge,  a  great  majority  were  true 
"  sons  of  liberty."  Yet  there  were  a  few,  chiefly  office-holders, 
or  citizens  of  the  more  wealthy  and  aristocratic  class,  who  ad- 
hered to  the  British  government.  Some  of  this  number  made 
their  peace  and  remained  unmolested ;  others  retired  to  Boston, 
on  the  commencement  of  hostilities,  and  subsequently  found  ref- 
uge in  the  British  Provinces  or  in  England.  So  many  of  this 
class  resided  on  Brattle  Street,  that  it  was  sometimes  denominated 


168  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

"  Tory  Row; "  indeed  they  owned  and  occupied  almost  every  es- 
tate bordering  on  that  street,  between  Brattle  Square  and  Mount 
Auburn.  General  William  Brattle,1  Col.  John  Vassall,2  Penel- 
ope Vassall,  widow  of  Col.  Henry  Vassall,3  Richard  Lechmere 4 
(succeeded  by  Jonathan  Sewall,  June  10,  1771),  Judge  Joseph 
Lee,5  Capt.  George  Ruggles6  (succeeded  by  Thomas  Fayer- 
weather,  Oct.  31,  1774),  and  Lieut.-gov.  Thomas  Oliver,7  owned 
and  resided  on  contiguous  estates  ;  and  their  families  composed  a 
select  social  circle,  to  which  few  others  were  admitted.  Promi- 
nent among  those  few  were  Judge  Samuel  Danforth,8  John 
Borland,9  and  Col.  David  Phips.10  Of  this  circle  of  friends 
Madame  Riedesel  speaks  in  her  Letters.  Her  husband  was  a 
General,  captured  with  Burgoyne's  Army,  and  was  quartered  in 
the  Lechmere  House,  at  the  corner  of  Brattle  and  Sparks  streets. 
She  says,  —  "  Never  had  I  chanced  upon  such  an  agreeable  situa- 
tion. Seven  families,11  who  were  connected  with  each  other, 
partly  by  the  ties  of  relationship  and  partly  by  affection,  had  here 
farms,  gardens,  and  magnificent  houses,  and  not  far  off  planta- 
tions of  fruit.  The  owners  of  these  were  in  the  habit  of  daily 
meeting  each  other  in  the  afternoons,  now  at  the  house  of  one, 
and  now  at  another,  and  making  themselves  merry  with  music 

1  House,  next  westerly  from  the  "  Uni-  All  these  houses  remain  in  good  con- 
versity  Press."  dition,  though  erected  more  than  a  hun- 

2  House,      afterwards      Washington's  dred  years  ago;  but  the  "farms"  have 
Headquarters,    now    the    homestead    of  been  divided  into  smaller  estates. 

Prof.  Henry  W.  Longfellow,  and  famous  8  House,  on  the  easterly  side  of  Dun- 
both  as  the  tent  of  Mars  and  as  the  fa-  ster  Street,  about  midway  between  Har- 
Torite  haunt  of  the  Muses.  vard  and  Mount  Auburn  streets. 

8  House  nearly  opposite  to  the  Head-  9  House,  fronting  Harvard  Street,  he- 
quarters,  now  the  homestead  of  the  ven-  tween  Plympton  and  Linden  streets  : 
erable  Samuel  Batchelder.  long  the  residence  of  Dr.  Sylvanus  Plymp- 

4  House,  corner  of  Brattle  and  Sparks  ton  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  B.  Manning, 
streets,    now    the     homestead    of    John  10  House,  on  Arrow  Street,  near  Bow 
Brewster.  Street ;  for  many  years  the  residence  of 

5  House,  corner  of  Brattle  and  Apple-  William  Winthrop. 

ton  streets,  now  the  homestead  of  George  "  "  Mrs.  Oliver  was  sister  to  Vassall ; 

and   Mrs.   Vassall  was  sister   to  Oliver. 

8  House,   corner    Brattle    and  Fayer-  The  deceased  father  of  Vassall  and  Mrs. 

weather  Street.«,  long   the  homestead  of  Oliver  was  brother  to  Mrs.  Ruggles,  to 

the  late  William  Wells.  Mrs.  Borland,  and  to  the  deceased  husband 

House,  Elmwood  Avenue,  the  home-  of  the  widow  Vassall  ;  and  the  deceased 

stead  successively  of  Vice-president  El-  mother  of  Vassall  and  Mrs.  Oliver  was 

bridge  Gerry,  Rev.  Charles  Lowell,  and  sister  to  Col.  Phips,  to  Mrs.  Lechmere, 

his  son  Prof.  James  Russell  Lowell,—  and   to   Mrs.  Lee.     The  widow  Vassall 

each,  in  his  respective  sphere  of  politics,  was  also  aunt  to  Mr.  Oliver  and  to  John 

theology,  and    poetry,  more    illustrious  Vassall's  wife, 
than  the  original  occupant. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  169 

and  the  dance  —  living  in  prosperity,  united  and  happy,  until, 
alas  !  this  ruinous  war  severed  them,  and  left  all  their  houses  des- 
olate, except  two,  the  proprietors  of  which  were  also  soon  obliged 
to  flee."  i 

Of  the  loyalists  before  named,  Judge  Danforth  retired  soon 
after  the  outbreak  in  Sept.,  1774,  to  the  house  of  his  son  in  Bos- 
ton, where  he  died  Oct.  27,  1777,  aged  about  81.  Judge  Lee  is 
said  to  have  dwelt  in  Boston  during  the  siege,  after  which  he  re- 
turned to  his  estate,  which  he  enjoyed  unmolested  until  his  death 
Dec.  5,  1802,  at  the  age  of  93.  Capt.  Ruggles  sold  his  estate, 
Oct.  31,  1774,  to  Thomas  Fayerweather,  and  removed  from  Cam- 
bridge ;  his  subsequent  history  is  unknown  to  me.  All  the  others 
were  regarded  as  enemies  to  the  movement  in  behalf  of  liberty  ; 
they  became  "  absentees,"  and  their  estates,  together  with  the 
estates  of  Ralph  Inman,  Esq.2  and  Edward  Stow,  a  mariner,3 
were  seized  for  the  public  use,  and  were  leased  by  the  Committee 
of  Correspondence.  Their  account  current  with  said  estates  for 
the  year  1776  is  preserved  in  a  manuscript  now  in  my  possession. 
I  copy  a  specimen  :  — 

"  Dr.  The.  estate  of  Thomas  Oliver  Esq.  late  of  Cambridge,  Absentee, 
to  the  Committee   of  Correspondence  of  the  town,  for  the  year  1776. 
For  taking  into  possession  and  leasing  out  said  estate,  the  sum  of  £2. 
Also  for  supporting  a  negro  man  belonging  to  said  estate,  £3.  12 

For  collecting  the  personal  estate,  £3. 


Cr.  By  cash  received  as  rent,  £69." 

Similar  charges  are  made  for  services,  and  credits  given  for 
rent,  in  regard  to  the  estates  of  John  Borland,  Esq.,  deceased,  £27 
rent;4  Richard  Lechmere,  Esq.,  £36  rent,  and  £6  for  wood 
and  brush  which  was  taken  off  said  estate  ; 5  Jonathan  Sewall, 
Esq.,  £26  13  4;6  John  Vassall,  Esq.,  £100;  Widow  Penelope 
Vassall,  £15  ;  William  Brattle,  Esq.,  £29  ;  Ralph  Inman,  Esq., 

1  Letters,  Munsell's  Ei.,  1867,  p.  140.  5  This  property  was  three  fifths  of  the 

2  House  on  Inman  Street,  opposite  to     "Phips  Farm,"  in  Ward  Three,  or  East 
the  head  of  Austin  Street.  Cambridge,  of  which  one  fifth  was  inher- 

8  Resided   on   the   south   side    of    the  ited  by  Lechmere  in  the  right  of  his  wife, 

river;  described  as  of  Boston,   1778,   in  and   the  other  two  fifths  had   been  pur- 

the  Proscription  Act.  chased  from  Col.  Phips  and  the  Vassnll 

4  Borland  died  in  Boston,  June  5, 1775,  heirs. 

aged  47.     "  His  death  was  occasioned  by  6  The  estate  formerly  owned  by  Lech- 

the  sudden  breaking  of  a  ladder,  on  which  mere,  at  the  corner  of  Brattle  and  Sparks 

he  stood,  leading  from  the  garret  floor  to  streets, 
the  top  of  his  house."  —  N.  E.  Chronicle. 


170  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

£40 ;  Edward  Stow,  £10 ;  David  Phips,  Esq.,  ,£40.  Five  of 
these  estates  were  subsequently  confiscated  and  sold  by  the  Com- 
monwealth ;  the  estates  of  Lech  mere  (144  acres)  and  Oliver  (96 
acres),  to  Andrew  Cabot,  Esq.,  of  Salem,  Nov.  24,  1779  ;  the  estate 
of  Sewall  (44  acres)  to  Thomas  Lee  of  Pomfret,  Conn.,  Dec.  7, 
1779  ; 1  the  estate  of  Phips  (50  acres)  to  Isaiah  Doane  of  Boston, 
May  25,  1781  ;  and  the  estate  of  Vassall  (116  acres)  to  Na- 
thaniel Tracy,  Esq.,  of  Newburyport,  June  28,  1781.  Inman  re- 
turned soon,  and  his  estate  was  restored  to  him.  The  heirs  of 
Borland  and  the  widow  Vassall  succeeded  to  the  ownership  of  their 
estates  in  Cambridge ;  but  several  houses  and  stores  in  Boston, 
formerly  belonging  to  Borland,  were  advertised  by  the  agents  of 
the.  Commonwealth  to  be  leased  at  auction,  March  1, 1780.  Gen- 
eral Brattle  conveyed  all  his  real  estate  in  Cambridge,  Dec.  13, 
1774,  to  his  only  surviving  son,  Major  Thomas  Brattle,  and  died 
in  Halifax,  N.  S.,  October,  1776.  By  the  persevering  efforts  of 
Mrs.  Katherine  Wendell,  the  only  surviving  daughter  of  General 
Brattle,  the  estate  was  preserved  from  confiscation,  and  was  re- 
covered by  Major  Brattle  after  his  return  from  Europe,  —  hav- 
ing been  proscribed  in  1778,  and  having  subsequently  exhibited 
satisfactory  evidence  of  his  friendship  to  his  country  and  its  po- 
litical independence.  Besides  the  persons  already  named,  there 
were  a  few  other  loyalists,  or  tories,  in  Cambridge,  but  not  hold- 
ing such  a  prominent  position  :  John  Nutting,  carpenter,  was 
proscribed  in  1778  ;  Antill  Gallop,  a  deputy  sheriff,  who  had 
promised  conformity  in  September,  1774,  is  said  by  Sabine2  to 
have  gone  with  the  British  troops  to  Halifax,  in  1776;  also 
George  Inman  (H.  C.  1772,  died  1789)  and  John  Inman,  sons 
of  Ralph  Inman,  Esq. 

After  the  close  of  the  war,  it  was  proposed  to  permit  the  pro- 
scribed loyalists  to  return,  —  not  indeed  to  share  in  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  government,  but  to  reclaim  their  confiscated  estates. 
This  proposition  did  not  meet  the  approval  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Cambridge.  At  a  town  meeting,  May  5,  1?83,  instructions  to 
their  representative,  reported  by  a  committee  consisting  of  James 
Winthrop,  Samuel  Thatcher,  and  Abraham  Watson,  Esquires, 
were  unanimously  adopted  :  — 

"  Sir,  The  choice  that  this  town  has  made  of  you,  to  represent 

1  Sometimes  called  "English  Thomas,"  generosity  to  the  poor.     He  died  May  26, 

to  distinguish  him  from  another  Thomas  1797,  in  the  60th  year  of  his  age. 

Lee,  his  nearest  neighbor.    He  was  a  rich  2  American  Loyalists,  pp.  308,  381. 
merchant,   honored    and  beloved   for  his 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  171 

us  in  the  General  Court  sufficiently  proves  the  confidence  we 
place  in  your  integrity  and  abilities:  and  though  we  have  no 
doubt  of  your  attachment  to  the  interest  of  the  town  and  the 
welfare  of  the  commonwealth,  yet  we  think  it  expedient,  in  the 
present  situation  of  affairs,  to  express  our  sentiments  to  you  for 
the  regulation  of  your  conduct,  that  you  may  be  enabled  to  act 
decisively  and  with  vigor,  whenever  you  shall  be  called  upon  to 
give  your  voice  in  the  General  Court  upon  the  following  subjects. 
"  The  long  and  severe  conflict  which  the  United  States  have 
maintained  with  the  King  of  Great  Britain  and  his  auxiliaries  is 
now  brought  to  a  conclusion  by  a  treaty  in  which  our  independ- 
ence is  fully  recognized.  But  while  with  pleasure  we  anticipate 
the  blessings  of  peace,  it  gives  us  no  small  uneasiness  to  observe 
an  article  in  the  treaty,  which,  in  its  consequences,  may  lessen 
the  value  and  shorten  the  duration  of  it.  The  Congress  are 
there  bound  earnestly  to  recommend  it  to  the  different  States  to 
provide  for  the  restitution  of  the  property  of  the  absentees ;  and 
that  they  may  return  to  America,  and  remain  there  twelve 
months  in  endeavoring  to  regain  possession  of  their  lost  estates. 
This  article,  if  the  States  should  comply  with  it,  will,  we  appre- 
hend, be  productive  of  as  great  if  not  greater  calamities  than  any 
we  have  yet  experienced.  It  is,  however,  some  consolation,  that 
the  final  ratification  of  that  article  depends  upon  the  voice  of  the 
people,  through  the  medium  of  their  Representatives.  Their 
conduct,  upon  this  occasion,  will  determine  whether  it  is  to  be 
a  lasting  peace  or  only  a  temporary  cessation  of  hostilities. 
Whether  Great  Britain  had  the  right  they  claimed  of  making 
laws  binding  on  the  then  Colonies  in  all  cases  whatsoever,  was  a 
question  that  for  a  long  time  was  fully  discussed  in  numberless 
publications,  previous  to  the  connection  being  dissolved  between 
that  country  and  these  States.  By  this  means  it  was  hardly  pos- 
sible there  could  be  one  person  who  had  not  considered  the  sub- 
ject with  attention,  and  was  not  prepared  to  give  his  voice  on 
the  question.  At  length  the  time  arrived,  when  it  became  nec- 
essary to  decide  it  by  the  sword.  Then  it  became  the  duty  of 
every  man  to  declare  his  sentiments,  and  to  make  his  conduct 
conform  to  his  declarations.  Happily  for  us,  by  far  the  greater 
part  determined  never  to  submit  to  the  exercise  of  so  unreason- 
able a  claim  ;  and  in  support  of  their  determination  have  reso- 
lutely carried  on  a  war,  in  which  our  enemies  have  practiced  a 
degree  of  cruelty  and  destruction  that  has  scarcely  been  equalled 
among  civilized  nations.  A  few,  however,  attentive  to  their  own 


172  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

emolument,  or  influenced  by  some  other  cause  not  more  justifia- 
ble, abandoned  their  country,  and  sought  for  protection  under 
the  forces  which  invaded  it,  and  with  them  united  their  efforts  to 
subjugate  their  fellow-citizens,  and  in  many  instances  have  dis- 
tinguished themselves  by  their  cruelties  and  barbarities.  Having 
thus  taken  their  side  of  the  question,  they  ought  surely  to  abide 
the  consequence.  It  is  hardly  conceivable  that  persons,  who 
have  discovered  such  an  enmity  to  their  country,  and  who  have 
exerted  every  effort  to  overturn  our  government,  will  ever  make 
peaceable  subjects  of  it.  Without  spending  time  to  particularize 
every  objection  that  may  be  offered  against  the  return  of  those 
persons  who  are  described  by  the  laws  of  this  Commonwealth  as 
Conspirators  and  Absentees,  and  being  convinced  as  we  trust  you 
are,  of  the  dangerous  consequences  that  will  attend  the  admitting 
them  again  to  reside  among  us,  —  we  instruct  you  to  use  your 
influence  and  endeavors,  by  all  proper  means  to  prevent  any  per- 
sons of  the  foregoing  description  from  ever  returning,  or  regain- 
ing their  justly  forfeited  estates :  and  if  any  such  persons  have 
already  crept  in,  that  the  most  speedy  and  effectual  measures 
may  be  adopted  for  their  removal." 


CHAPTER   XII. 

CIVIL  HISTORY. 

FOR  more  than  a  century  and  a  half  after  the  settlement  of 
Cambridge,  with  slight  exceptions,  that  part  of  the  town  lying 
eastwardly  from  Quincy  and  Bow  streets,  generally  denominated 
the  "  Neck,"  consisted  of  woodland,  pasturage,  swamps,  and  salt 
marsh.  In  chapter  ii.  an  account  is  given  of  the  first  division  of 
land  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  into  small  lots  in  "  the 
old  field  "  and  "  small  lot  hill,"  and  larger  lots,  varying  in  size 
from  six  to  one  hundred  and  thirty  acres.  Gradually  these  lots 
passed  into  fewer  hands,  until  at  length  the  larger  portion  of  the 
whole  was  embraced  in  three  and  subsequently  four  farms. 

The  "  old  field  "  early  became  the  property  of  Edward  Goffe  l 
and  John  Gay  ;  by  sundry  conveyances  the  larger  portion  became 
vested  in  Chief  Justice  Francis  Dana,  who  subsequently  pur- 
chased the  whole  tract  formerly  called  "  small  lot  hill  "  (except, 
perhaps,  a  few  acres  in  the  northeasterly  corner),  and  several 
other  lots  of  land  on  both  sides  of  the  highway  now  called  Main 
Street.  Judge  Dana  erected  a  spacious  mansion  on  the  westerly 
side  of  "  the  highway  to  the  common  pales,"2  now  called  Dana 
Street,  about  midway  between  Main  and  Centre  streets,  which 
house  was  destroyed  by  fire  Jan.  19,  1839.  The  Judge  fully 
appreciated  the  beauty  of  the  scenery  visible  from  his  residence, 
as  is  manifest  from  his  care  to  prevent  any  obstruction  to  the 
view  in  one  particular  direction  ;  in  an  agreement  with  Leonard 
Jarvis,  concerning  an  exchange  of  lands,  Jan.  3,  1797,  it  was 
stipulated  that  said  Jarvis  should  "  forever  hereafter  keep  open 
the  way 3  of  forty  feet  wide,  lately  laid  out  by  the  said  Jarvis 
over  and  across  Pelham's  Island  (so  called)  to  the  canal  cut  by 
him  through  his  marsh,  for  the  mutual  benefit  of  both  parties 

1  He  erected  a  house  a  few  rods  east-  spot,  is  said  to  have  been  taken  down  in 
wardly  from  the  junction  of  Main  and  1774. 

Bow  streets.     A  very  old  house,  perhaps        2  The    highway   which  separated  the 
the  original   structure,  standing  on  this     "  old  field  "  from  "  small  lot  hill." 

8  Now  called  Front  Street. 


174  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

their  heirs  and  assigns,  ....  so  as  to  leave  open  an  uninter- 
rupted view  from  the  said  Dana's  present  dwelling-house  of  such 
part  of  Cambridge  Bay  and  of  Boston  as  may  fall  in  the  course 
of  the  same  way,  so  far  as  the  said  Jarvis's  land,  lately  Inman's, 
extends."  Judge  Dana  also  owned  much  land  on  the  southerly 
side  of  Main  Street,  both  marsh  and  upland,  including  the  "  Soden 
Farm,"  so  called,  bounded  northerly  on  Main  Street  and  easterly 
on  Pleasant  Street,  and  a  large  tract,  bounded  northerly  on  Main 
Street  and  westerly  on  Putnam  Avenue.  His  estate  bordered 
on  the  southerly  side  of  Main  Street,  from  Putnam  Avenue  to 
Bay  Street,  from  Vernon  Street  to  Pearl  Street ;  and  from  Brook- 
line  Street  to  Front  Street ;  also  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main 
Street,  from  a  point  about  two  hundred  feet  westerly  from  Rem- 
ington Street  to  a  point  about  midway  between  Hancock  and  Lee 
streets.  The  Judge  had  therefore  a  strong  personal  interest  in 
the  improvement  of  this  part  of  the  town. 

Of  the  large  lots  lying  east wardly  from  "small  lot  hill,"  the 
first  two  were  owned  by  Governor  Thomas  Dudley  and  his  son 
Samuel  Dudley.  When  Dudley  left  Cambridge  his  real  estate 
was  purchased  by  Roger  Harlakenden,  who  died  in  1638,  and 
his  widow  married  Herbert  Pelham.  In  1642,  Pelham  appears 
to  have  owned  the  above  mentioned  lots,  together  with  the  next 
two,  formerly  owned  by  Richard  Goodman  and  William  West- 
wood  ;  the  whole  containing  118  acres,1  and  extending  from 
Main  Street  to  Somerville  line.  Pelham  also  became  the  owner 
of  the  real  estate  of  Simon  Bradstreet,  one  portion  of  which  was 
a  lot  of  upland  and  marsh,  long  known  as  "  Pelham's  Island  ;  " 
its  boundaries  very  nearly  coincided  with  Columbia  Street  on  the 
west,  School  Street  on  the  north,  and  Moore  Street  on  the  east ; 
the  east  and  west  lines  being  extended  across  Main  Street,  be- 
yond Goffe's  Cove,  so  far  as  to  embrace  sixty  acres  in  the  whole 
lot.  These  two  large  lots  passed,  by  several  conveyances,  to 
Ralph  In  man,  who  became  the  owner  in  1756  ;  his  executor  con- 
veyed the  same  to  Leonard  Jarvis,  Aug.  21,  1792,  except  ten 
acres,  south  of  Goffe's  Cove,  previously  sold  to  Judge  Dana. 
Subsequently  Jarvis  purchased  the  land  between  these  two  lots, 
extending  from  Norfolk  Street  to  Columbia  Street,  and  northerly 
from  one  hundred  to  two  hundred  feet  beyond  Austin  Street ;  so 
that  he  then  owned  all  the  land  bordering  on  the  northerlv  side 
of  Main  Street  from  the  point  about  midway  between  Hancock 

1  After    1719,    "Mr.    Pelham's  great   lot"  is  generally  described  as  containing 
104  acres. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  175 

and  Lee  streets  to  Moore  Street,  and  about  fifty  acres  on  the 
southerly  side  of  Main  Street,  easterly  from  its  junction  with 
Front  Street. 

The  lot  of  Atherton  Hough  (or  Haugh)  "in  Graves  his  neck," 
containing  130  acres  in  1635,  and  embracing  all  the  upland  in 
East  Cambridge,  was  enlarged,  by  the  addition  of  the  lots  origi- 
nally assigned  to  John  Talcott,  Matthew  Allen,  and  Mrs.  Mussey, 
before  1642,  when  it  was  described  as  containing  267  acres.  Sub- 
sequently the  63  acre  lot  of  Governor  Haynes  was  added,  and 
when  the  estate  was  purchased,  Aug.  15,  1706,  by  Spencer  Phips 
(afterwards  Lieut.-governor),  it  was  said  to  contain  "  300  acres 
more  or  less  ;."  but  it  actually  contained  326  acres,  when  meas- 
ured for  division  after  his  decease.  In  his  inventory,  this  tract  is 
called  two  farms,  with  a  house  and  barn  on  each.  The  whole  was 
bounded  on  the  west  by  a  line  commencing  at  a  point  thirty  feet 
south  of  School  Street,  and  about  one  hundred  feet  east  of  Co- 
lumbia Street,  and  thence  running  northerly,  nearly  parallel 
with  Columbia  Street  to  Somerville  ;  on  the  north  by  Somerville 
and  Miller's  River ;  on  the  east  by  Charles  River ;  on  the 
south  by  School  Street,  from  the  point  of  beginning,  to  Moore 
Street,  then  on  the  east  by  a  straight  line  extended  to  a  point 
about  fifty  feet  south  of  Plymouth  Street,  and  about  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  feet  west  of  Portland  Street ;  then  turning  at  a 
right  angle,  the  boundary  line  extended  in  the  direction  of  the 
Great  Dam,  which  is  still  visible,  to  Charles  River,  crossing  Third 
Street  near  its  intersection  with  Munroe  Street.  (Seethe  Plan.) 
This  estate  was  divided  in  1759  between  the  children  and  grand- 
children of  Lieut. -gov.  Phips,  namely,  Col.  David  Phips ;  Sarah, 
wife  of  Andrew  Bordman  ;  Mary,  wife  of  Richard  Lechmere  ; 
Rebecca,  wife  of  Judge  Joseph  Lee  ;  and  the  children  of  Eliza- 
beth, the  deceased  wife  of  Col.  John  Vassall.  Lechmere  soon 
afterwards  purchased  the  shares  of  Col.  Phips  and  the  Vassall 
heirs,  and  became  the  owner  of  all^the  upland  and  a  large  por- 
tion of  the  marsh  in  East  Cambridge,  which  was  confiscated  by 
the  State  and  sold  to  Andrew  Cabot,  of  Salem,  Nov.  24,  1779. 
Judge  Lee  had  the  northwesterly  portion  of  the  "  Phips'  Farm," 
and  Andrew  Bordman  had  the  southwesterly  portion,  extending 
from  School  Street  to  a  point  nine  feet  northerly  from  the  inter- 
section of  the  easterly  lines  of  Windsor  Street  and  Webster 
Avenue,  and  bounded  south  on  the  Jarvis  estate,  west  on  the 
Jarvis,  Wyeth,  and  Foxcroft  estates,  and  extending  so  far  east  as 
to  include  somewhat  more  than  thirteen  acres  of  marsh  on  the 
easterly  side  of  North  Canal. 


176 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Such  was  the  unimproved  condition  of  the  easterly  and  now 
most  populous  section  of  Cambridge,  before  West  Boston  Bridge 
was  opened  for  public  travel,  Nov.  23, 1793.  At  that  time,  Rev. 
Dr.  Holmes  says : 1  "  Below  the  seat  of  the  late  Chief  Justice 
Dana,  there  were  but  four  dwelling-houses ;  one  on  the  Inman 
place,2  now  belonging  to  Jonathan  L.  Austin,  Esq. ;  one  3  nearly 
opposite,  on  a  farm  of  Judge  Dana,  formerly  the  Soden  farm, 
south  of  the  main  road  ;  one  on  the  Phips'  farm,  lately  owned  by 
Mr.  Andrew  Bordman  ;4  and  one  at  Lechmere's  Point."6  A  new 
impulse  towards  improvement  manifested  itself  immediately  after 
the  opening  of  the  bridge.  Building  lots  for  houses  and  stores 
were  laid  out  by  Jar  vis  and  Dana,  which  were  soon  occupied. 
Dr.  Holmes  further  says  that,  during  the  month  next  after  the 
opening  of  the  bridge,  "a  store6  was  erected  and  opened  near 
the  west  end  of,  the  causeway  7  by  Messrs.  Vose  &  Makepeace,8 


1  "  Memoir    of    Cambridgeport,"    ap- 
pended to  a  sermon  at  the  ordination  of 
Rev.  Thomas  B.  Gannett,  Jan.  19,  1814. 

2  On   Inman    Street,   at   the   head    of 
Austin  Street.     The  mansion  house,  with 
a  part  of  the  farm,  was  purchased  by  the 
Austins  when  the  Jarvis  estate  was  sold 
in  1801.    The  house  was  removed  in  1873 
to  the  corner  of  Brookline  and  Auburn 
streets. 

8  This  farm-house  stood  until  about 
1840,  on  the  westerly  side  of  Pleasant 
Street,  near  its  intersection  with  Kiver 
Street. 

*  Andrew  Bordman,  grandson  of 
Lieut.-gov.  Phips,  inherited  this  estate 
on  the  death  of  his  parents.  The  house 
stood  on  the  northerly  side  of  Plymouth 
Street,  between  Webster  Avenue  and 
Berkshire  Street,  and  was  wantonly  de- 
stroyed about  thirty  years  ago. 

6  On  the  northerly  side  of  Spring 
Street,  between  Third  and  Fourth 
streets ;  it  was  demolished  about  the 
year  1820. 

6  This  store  remains  standing  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Main    Street,  directly 
opposite  to  Osborn  Street. 

7  The   causeway  extended    from    the 
river  to  the  junction  of  Main  and  Front 
streets,  passing  near  the  northerly  side  of 
Pelhnm's  Island. 

H  Among  those  who  were  actively  en- 
gaged in  promoting  the  settlement  of 
Cambridgeport,  the  name  of  Royal  Make- 


peace is  very  conspicuous.  Born  March 
29,  1772,  at  the  age  of  twenty-one  years, 
or  earlier,  he  left  his  native  town  (West- 
ern, now  Warren,  Mass.),  and  came  to 
Boston,  in  company  with  Robert  Vose, 
his  townsman,  each  having  borrowed  for 
that  purpose  the  sum  of  twenty-five  dol- 
lars. After  a  short  mercantile  appren- 
ticeship, they  entered  into  partnership, 
and  commenced  business  in  Boston  at  the 
South  End.  They  soon  afterwards  re- 
moved to  Cambridgeport,  where,  as  here- 
tofore stated,  they  erected  the  first  store 
after  the  completion  of  the  bridge  in 
1793.  In  addition  to  their  regular  busi- 
ness as  grocers,  they  commenced  buying 
and  selling  real  estate.  This  partnership 
was  dissolved  in  1803,  by  the  death  of 
Mr.  Vose.  In  the  business  of  the  store 
John  Cook  became  a  partner;  but  Rufus 
Davenport,  a  Boston  merchant,  was  the 
principal  associate  of  Mr.  Makepeace  in 
his  subsequent  transactions  in  real  estate, 
in  which  it  would  seem  that  Mr.  Daven- 
port contributed  the  larger  part  of  the 
cash  capital,  which  was  offset  by  the  skill 
and  judgment  of  Mr.  Makepeace,  who  was 
the  leading  spirit  in  nearly  all  the  schemes 
projected  for  public  improvement.  He 
also  rendered  faithful  and  useful  services 
in  various  town  offices,  and  as  Represent- 
ative in  the  General  Court.  After  the 
ruin  of  his  financial  enterprises,  he  re- 
moved to  Baltimore,  in  1832,  to  super- 
intend the  "  Canton  Company  Improve- 


* 

X 


II 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  177 

which,  after  the  opening  of  the  great  road,  was  the  first  framed 
building  set  up  between  Boston  and  Old  Cambridge.  The  fol- 
lowing year,  a  large  house  designed  for  a  tavern  l  was  built  by 
Leonard  Jarvis,  Esq.,  and  soon  after  were  erected  six  other  houses 
and  stores."  2  Of  these  six  houses  and  stores,  some  may  be  iden- 
tified with  tolerable  accuracy.  Vose  &  Makepeace  erected  the 
dwelling-house,  which  remains  standing  on  the  westerly  corner 
of  Main  and  Osborn  streets,  opposite  to  their  store,  before  Dec. 
17,  1795.  Jonathan  Brooks  erected  a  store  between  Cherry  and 
Windsor  Streets,  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  before 
June  5,  1795,  —  perhaps  the  same  building  so  long  occupied  by 
Eliphalet  Davis,  and  now  by  his  son  Thomas  M.  Davis,  for  the 
manufacture  of  fancy  soap.  Scott  &  Hayden  erected  a  store 
on  the  lot  next  westerly  from  the  store-lot  of  Vose  &  Make- 
peace, before  1800.  Besides  these,  Stan  ton  Parker  erected  a  store 
and  shed  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  the  precise  loca- 
tion not  known,  before  Nov.  11,  1794.  Asaph  Harlow  purchased 
a  lot  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  Jan.  15,  1798,  most 
of  which  was  used  in  1873  for  the  construction  of  Portland  Street ; 
and  the  house  which  he  erected  was  then  removed  a  few  feet  east- 
wardly  to  the  easterly  corner  of  Portland  and  Main  streets. 
Richard  Thayer  bought  a  lot,  Sept.  1,  1802,  and  erected  the 
house  now  standing  on  the  westerly  corner  of  Main  and  Portland 
streets.  Next  westerly  from  the  Thayer  estate  was  a  lot,  with 
a  currier's  shop  thereon,3  which  was  sold  by  Daniel  Mason  to  Ol- 
iver Blake,  Sept.  28,  1797.  William  Watson  sold  to  Josiah  and 
Phinehas  B.  Hovey  a  large  lot,  two  hundred  feet  in  width,  on 
the  westerly  corner  of  Main  and  Brookline  streets,  Oct.  14, 
1799,  on  which  was  very  soon  erected  the  store  which  was  occu- 
pied more  than  half  a  century  by  the  late  Phinehas  B.  Hovey, 
who  died  April  17,  1852,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Josiah 
Dana  Hovey,  the  present  occupant.  On  the  adjoining  lot,  at  the 
easterly  corner  of  Main  and  Pearl  streets,  a  tavern  was  erected 
before  April  10,  1802,  and  was  then  occupied  by  James  Adams  ; 
but  the  land  was  not  sold,  and  it  now  remains  in  possession  of 
the  Watson  family.  Judge  Dana  sold  the  lots  fronting  on  Main 
Street,  between  Pearl  and  Magazine  streets,  in  Jan.,  1800,  and 

ments,"  so  called,  and  died   in  a  green  Makepeace.     It  was  destroyed    by   fire, 

old  age,  his  eye  not  having  lost  its  bril-  Dec.  22,  1851. 

liancy,  June   6,   1855. —  See  Makepeace  a  Ordination  Sermon,  ut  sup. 

Genealogy,  by  William  Makepeace.  8  This  lot  was  described  in  the  deed  as 

1  The  tavern   stood   on   the  lot  next  being    "  a  few   rods    east    of   Pelham's 

eastwardly   from    the    store   of   Vose  &  Island." 
12 


178  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

March,  1801.  Arrangements  were  made  for  other  improvements, 
by  laying  out,  on  paper  at  least,  several  streets.  Moreover, 
Judge  Dana  and  Mr.  Jarvis,  for  the  exclusion  of  salt  water  from 
their  marsh  lands  lying  south  of  Pelham's  Island  and  east  of 
Brookline  Street,  constructed  before  1797  a  substantial  dike, 
which  yet  remains,  on  the  outer  side  of  Sidney  and  Auburn 
streets.  In  connection  with  this  dike,  Judge  Dana  opened  the 
Canal  which  now  extends  from  the  head  of  Goffe's  Cove  to 
Brookline  Street,  about  a  hundred  feet  southerly  from  Auburn 
Street.  Mr.  Jarvis  laid  out  Front  Street,  as  far  as  to  the  bend 
near  Village  Street,  and  opened  a  canal  from  that  point  southerly 
to  Goffe's  Cove,  before  1797. 

The  prosperity  of  this  incipient  village  early  received  a  severe 
check.  In  less  than  five  years  after  the  bridge  was  opened,  and 
before  much  had  been  accomplished  in  the  work  of  reclaiming 
marshes  and  swamps,  Mr.  Jarvis  became  indebted  to  the  United 
States  in  a  large  sum,  and  his  real  estate  was  seized  by  the  gov- 
ernment. In  the  subsequent  conveyances  of  this  estate  by  the 
United  States  Marshal,  it  is  recited  that,  at  a  "  Circuit  Court  for 
the  District  of  Massachusetts,"  June  1, 1798,  the  United  States 
"  obtained  judgment  against  Leonard  Jarvis  of  Cambridge,  in  said 
District,  Esquire,  for  the  sum  of  thirty-nine  thousand  six  hun- 
dred and  ninety-two  dollars  and  twenty-one  cents,  and  fourteen 
dollars  and  twenty  cents  costs  of  suit  ; "  and  that  an  execution, 
issued  July  6,  1798,  was  "  levied  on  certain  real  estate  situated 
in  Cambridge  aforesaid,  .  .  .  said  estate  being  two  hundred  and 
forty-five  acres  of  land,  more  or  less,  consisting  of  upland  and 
marsh,  with  sundry  buildings,"  etc.  From  this  time  for  nearly 
three  years  this  estate  was  entirely  withdrawn  from  the  market, 
including  both  sides  of  Main  Street  from  Moore  Street  to  Front 
Street,  and  extending  on  the  northerly  side  to  a  point  midway 
between  Lee  and  Hancock  streets.  But  what  at  first  seemed 
utterly  disastrous,  proved  in  the  end  to  be  beneficial.  In  Janu- 
ary, 1801,  this  estate,  having  been  divided  into  fifty-four  lots, 
varying  in  size  from  a  few  thousand  square  feet  to  forty-seven 
acres  1  was  sold  at  public  auction.  "  From  this  time,"  says  Dr. 
Holmes,  "  commenced  a  rapid  settlement.  Several  large  stores 

were  erected  the  next  year,  and  soon  after  dwelling-houses 

In  the  space  of  about  five  years,  upwards  of  a  hundred  families 
have  settled  on  this  spot ;  and  the  number  of  inhabitants  is  esti- 

1  Delineated  on  a  plan  drawn  by  Peter     the  Middlesex  Registry  of  Deeds,  Book 
Tnfts,  Jr.,  Aug.  22,  1800,  and  recorded  in     164,  p.  545. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  179 

mated  at  more  than  one  thousand."  1  The  principal  land-holders 
had  not  hitherto  manifested  a  very  strong  desire  to  transfer  their 
lands  to  new  owners.  Perhaps  each  waited  for  the  others  to  sell, 
hoping  to  share  the  benefit  of  augmented  prices  without  parting 
with  their  own  property  at  a  low  rate.  Mr.  Watson  sold  very 
few  lots  before  1801 ;  Judge  Dana  bought  more  than  he  sold ; 
and  Mr.  Bordman  seems  not  to  have  sold  a  single  lot,  or  even  to 
have  made  preparation  for  sales  by  obtaining  access  to  the  Main 
Street.  Indeed  Judge  Dana  and  Mr.  Watson  did  not  afterwards 
sell  freely  ;  but  much  the  larger  portion  of  their  lands  descended 
to  their  posterity.  Mr.  Bordman,  on  the  contrary,  in  1801, 
united  with  others  in  laying  out  Windsor  Street ;  giving  all  the 
land  through  his  own  estate,  from  School  Street  to  Webster 
Avenue,  and  in  the  same  year  he  sold  that  portion  of  his  estate 
lying  east  of  Windsor  Street  and  south  of  Harvard  Street,  some- 
what more  than  six  acres,  to  Charles  Clark  and  Daniel  Mason, 
who  immediately  divided  it  into  small  lots  and  brought  it  into 
the  market.  In  1803,  he  laid  out  into  building-lots  all  his  lands 
west  of  Windsor  Street  and  south  of  Harvard  Street ;  and  in 
1804  he  sold  all  which  remained  of  his  farm  on  the  east  side  of 
Windsor  Street,  sixty-five  acres,  to  Rufus  Davenport  and  Royal 
Makepeace,  who  offered  it  for  sale  in  small  lots,  but  were  disap- 
pointed in  the  result.  Mr.  Austin,  who  purchased  the  Jarvis 
Mansion-house,  with  forty-  seven  acres  of  land,  laid  out  several 
lots  on  Main  Street  between  Temple  and  Inman  streets,  and 
opened  Austin  Street  through  its  whole  length,  with  building- 
lots  on  both  sides,  in  1801  :  he  also  sold  a  section  east  of  Norfolk 
Street  between  Washington  and  Harvard  Streets,  to  Davenport 
&  Makepeace,  who  prepared  it  at  once  for  the  market.  From 
this  time  there  was  no  lack  of  accommodations  for  all  comers ; 
the  supply  was  fully  equal  to  the  demand. 

In  addition  to  the  efforts  of  individuals  to  increase  the  market 
value  of  their  own  lands,  by  means  of  dikes  and  streets,  other 
improvements  of  a  more  public  character  were  projected  for  the 
general  advantage  of  the  community.  Expensive  avenues  into 
the  country  were  constructed  to  attract  travel  and  business.  The 
"  Cambridge  and  Concord  Turnpike  Corporation  "  was  established 
March  8,  1803,  with  authority  to  make  a  turnpike-road  from  the 
westerly  side  of  Cambridge  Common  to  Concord  ; 2  and  two  years 
afterwards,  March  8,  1805,  the  corporation  was  authorized  to 

1  Ordination  Sermon,  ut  sup.  a  The  Cambridge  portion  of  this  turn- 

pike is  now  called  Concord  Avenue. 


180  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

extend  the  turnpike  to  the  Causeway  near  West  Boston  Bridge. 1 
The  "  Middlesex  Turnpike  Corporation  "  was  established  June 
15,  1805,  with  authority  to  make  a  turnpike-road  from  Tyngs- 
borough  through  Chelmsford,  Billerica,  and  Bedford,  to  Cam- 
bridge, uniting  with  the  Cambridge  and  Concord  Turnpike  near 
West  Boston  Bridge.2  Other  avenues  were  subsequently  opened, 
which  will  receive  notice  in  another  place. 

By  an  Act  of  Congress,  approved  Jan.  11, 1805,  it  was  enacted 
"  that  the  town  or  landing-place  of  Cambridge  in  the  State  of 
Massachusetts  shall  be  a  port  of  delivery,  to  be  annexed  to  the 
district  of  Boston  and  Charlestown,  and  shall  be  subject  to  the 
same  regulations  as  other  ports  of  delivery  in  the  United  States." 
Accordingly  this  part  of  Cambridge  has,  since  that  time,  been 
designated  Cambridgeport.  To  make  the  place  available  as  a 
"  port  of  delivery,"  canals  were  constructed  from  Charles  River 
through  the  Great  Marsh,  giving  an  extensive  water-front. 
These  canals  are  described  in  an  agreement,  dated  July  8,  1806,3 
and  recorded  in  the  Middlesex  Registry  of  Deeds,  Book  172, 
page  496.  The  land  devoted  to  this  purpose  is  said  to  be  a  part 
of  the  "  hundred  share  estate,  so  called  by  said  owners  by  articles 
under  seal."  4  The  description  of  the  canals  may  be  briefly  con- 
densed as  follows  :  — 

BKOAD  CANAL,  80  feet  wide,  from  low-water  mark  in  Charles 
River  to  Portland  Street,  parallel  with  Broadway  and  Hampshire 
Street,  at  the  distance  of  186  feet,  northerly,  from  the  former, 
and  154  feet  from  the  latter. 

WEST  DOCK,  bounded  by  a  line  commencing  at  a  point  in  the 
westerly  line  of  Portland  Street,  154  feet  northerly  from  Hamp- 
shire Street,  thence  running  parallel  with  Hampshire  Street  to  a 
point  100  feet  from  Medford  Street  (now  Webster  Avenue)  ; 
thence  parallel  with  Medford  Street,  to  a  point  100  feet  from 
Bristol  Street ;  thence  parallel  with  Bristol  Street,  to  a  point 
100  feet  from  Portland  Street ;  thence  "  parallel  with  Portland 
Street  210  feet  to  the  southerly  line  of  land  late  of  Walter 
Frost ; "  thence  in  "  a  straight  line  to  a  point  which  is  on  the 

1  This  extension    is    now   known    as  to  be  made,"  where  Broad  Canal  now 
Broadway.  is. 

2  The  Cambridge  portion  of  this  turn-        *  The    "hundred   share  estate"    was 
pike  is  now  called  Hampshire  Street.  owned  thus  :  Kufus  Davenport,  fifty-five 

8  Broad  Canal,  at  least,  was  projected  shares ;    Royal    Makepeace,    twenty -five 

as  early  as  May  19,  1802,  when  Vose  &  shares;    Henry  Hill,  ten  shares;  Josiah 

Makepeace  conveyed   to  Josiah   Mason,  Mason,  Jr.,  four  shares ;  Daniel  Mason, 

Jr.,  a  right  to  use  the  "  Canal  which  is  three  shares ;  Charles  Clark,  three  shares. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  181 

westerly  line  of  Portland  Street,  20  feet  southerly  and  westerly 
of  the  northeasterly  line  of  land  late  of  Timothy  and  Eunice 
Swan ;  then  turning  and  running  southerly  and  westerly  on 
Portland  Street,  to  the  bounds  of  West  Dock  begun  at ;  "  with 
the  "  right  of  a  water-communication,  or  passage-way,  25  feet 
wide,  through  Portland  Street  under  a  bridge,  from  the  main 
part  of  Broad  Canal  to  that  part  called  West  Dock."  1 

NORTH  CANAL,  60  feet  wide,  180  feet  easterly  from  Portland 
Street,  and  extending  from  Broad  Canal  to  a  point  near  the 
northerly  line  of  the  Bordman  Farm.  This  canal  was  subse- 
quently extended  to  Miller's  River.  According  to  an  agreement, 
June  14,  1811,  between  the  Lechmere  Point  Corporation  and 
Davenport  &  Makepeace,  the  latter  were  to  have  perpetual 
right  to  pass  with  boats  and  rafts  u  through  Miller's  Creek  or 
North  River,  so  called,  to  North  Canal  and  Broad  Canal,"  and 
to  extend  North  Canal,  through  land  owned  by  the  Corporation, 
to  Miller's  River ;  and  the  Corporation  was  to  have  the  right  to 
pass  through  the  said  canals  to  Charles  River,  so  long  as  the 
canals  should  remain  open. 

CROSS  CANAL,  "  bounded  by  two  straight  lines,  30  feet  apart, 
and  running  at  a  right  angle  with  Broadway  from  Broad  Canal, 
between  lots  279  and  280,  through  Broadway,  and  between  lots 
263  and  264  to  South  Dock." 

SOUTH  DOCK,  bounded  by  a  line  commencing  at  the  south- 
east corner  of  Cross  Canal,  thence  running  southeasterly  53  feet ; 
thence  southwesterly,  parallel  with  the  line  of  Cross  Canal  to  a 
point  10  feet  distant  from  land  of  the  Proprietors  of  West  Boston 
Bridge  ;  thence  westerly,  at  the  same  distance  from  said  Propri- 
etors' land,  to  lot  215  :  thence  northerly,  at  a  right  angle  with 
the  causeway  of  West  Boston  Bridge,  81  feet ;  thence  north- 
westerly, 98  feet,  to  the  easterly  corner  of  lot  214 ;  thence,  in  a 
straight  line,  to  the  southerly  corner  of  lot  262  ;  thence,  on  said 
lot  262,  67  feet,  to  lot  263  ;  thence  southerly  and  easterly  on 
said  lot  263,  54  feet,  and  on  Cross  Canal,  30  feet,  to  the  point 
of  beginning.  This  dock  was  connected  with  Charles  River  by  a 
creek,  over  which  was  the  bridge,  long  known  as  "  Little  Bridge," 
at  the  junction  of  Main  and  Harvard  streets.2 

1  Although   scarcely  a  vestige  of  this  twenty  feet  wide,  apparently  designed  for 

dock  now  remains,  it  was  plainly  visible  stores   and  warehouses,   some  of  which 

a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.    It  seems  to  were  sold  at  a  high  price ;  but  it  does  not 

have  been  designed  as  the  head  of  navi-  appear    that   any  such    buildings    were 

gation  and  a  central  point  of  business,  erected. 

Lots  fronting  on  the  dock  were  laid  out,  2  Little  Bridge  was  superseded  by   a 


182  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

SOUTH  CANAL,  60  feet  wide,  about  midway  between  Harvard 
Street  and  Broadway,  from  South  Dock  to  a  point  113  feet  east- 
erly from  Davis  Street. 

"  In  1802,  a  school  house  was  built  on  a  piece  of  land l  pre- 
sented by  Mr.  Andrew  Bordman  to  the  town  for  that  purpose. 
It  cost  about  six  hundred  dollars ;  upwards  of  three  hundred  dol- 
lars were  paid  by  the  town  of  Cambridge,  and  the  remainder 
contributed  by  individuals."  "  In  1803,  a  Fire  Society  was 
formed,  which,  at  an  expense  of  upwards  of  five  hundred  dollars, 
procured  an  excellent  engine ;  and  a  company  was  raised  to  take 
charge  of  it."  2 

By  an  act  passed  June  15,  1805,  Royal  Makepeace,  John  Cook, 
Josiah  Mason,  Jr.,  Daniel  Mason,  and  Andrew  Bordman,  were 
"  constituted  and  made  a  corporation  and  body-politic,  by  the 
name  of  the  Cambridgeport  Meeting-house  Corporation,  .  .  .  for 
the  purpose  of  building  a  meeting-house  and  supporting  public 
worship  therein,  in  the  easterly  part  of  Cambridge."  Of  the 
hundred  shares  of  stock  in  this  Corporation,  Rufus  Davenport 
was  the  owner  of  twenty,  and  Royal  Makepeace  of  seventeen. 
A  spacious  brick  meeting-house  was  erected  on  the  westerly  side 
of  the  square  bounded  by  Broadway,  and  Boardman,  Harvard, 
and  Columbia  streets.  The  easterly  half  of  the  square  was  given 
by  Andrew  Bordman,  and  the  westerly  half  by  the  owners  of 
the  "hundred  share  estate."3  This  house  was  dedicated  Jan. 
1, 1807.  By  an  Act  passed  March  1, 1808,  the  proprietors  of  the 
meeting-house,  together  with  all  the  inhabitants  and  estates  in 
the  Fifth  School  District,  in  Cambridge,  east  of  Dana  Street  and 
a  line  extended  in  the  same  direction  northerly  to  Charlestown 
(now  Somerville),  and  southerly  to  the  river,  were  incorporated 

solid   roadway   about    thirty    years  ago.  pied  until  Nov.  10,  1833,  when  it  was  so 

By    the    raising   of    the  grade    between  much  damaged    by  the  wind  that  it  was 

Broadway  and  Main  Street,  and  the  ex-  abandoned,  and  a  new  house  was  erected, 

tension  of  Sixth  Street,  in  1873,  the  South  in   1834,  on  the  northerly  side   of  Aus- 

Dock  and  Cross  Canal  were  effectually  tin  Street,  between   Norfolk  and  Essex 

obliterated.  streets.      The  lot,  having  ceased   to   be 

1  At  the  northwesterly  corner  of  Wind-  used  for  a  meeting-house,  was  forfeited, 
sor  and  School  streets,  where  a  large  brick  and   reverted    to   the    heirs*  and  as-signs 
pchool-house  now  stands.  of  the  donors.     It  is  worthy  of  note,  as 

2  Dr.  Holmes'  Ordination   Sermon,  ut  indicating  the  expectations  indulged   at 
SUP"  that  period,  that  when  the  meeting-house 

8  A  portion  of  this  square  was  offered  was    erected,    there    was    not    a    single 

to  the  County  of  Middlesex,  for  the  ac-  dwelling-house  on  Columbia  Street ;  this 

commodation  of  a  court-house  and  other  fact  was  assigned  by  the  Selectmen,  Nov. 

County  buildings;  but  the  offer  was  not  3,  1806,  as  a  reason  for  not  establishing 

accepted.      The  meeting-house  was  occu-  that  street  as  a  public  highway. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  183 

as  the  Cambridgeport  Parish ;  and  Feb.  2,  1809,  the  proprietors 
(reserving  private  ownership  of  pews)  conveyed  to  the  Parish 
the  meeting-house  and  lot,  containing  two  acres,  together  with  a 
parsonage  lot  at  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Pros- 
pect streets. 

By  an  Act  passed  March  4,  1809,  Rufus  Davenport,  Henry 
Hill,  Samuel  May,  Elijah  Davenport,  Pliny  Cutler,  and  their 
associates,  were  incorporated  as  the  "Cambridgeport  manufac- 
tory, for  the  purpose  of  manufacturing  cotton  and  sea-salt;"  and 
they  were  further  authorized,  Feb.  27,  1813,  to  manufacture 
"  printing-types  and  other  articles  usually  manufactured  in 
chemical  laboratories."  I  find  no  trace,  however,  of  the  estab- 
lishment of  such  a  manufactory. 

While  the  measures  adopted  for  the  improvement  of  Cam- 
bridgeport were  in  the  "  full  tide  of  successful  experiment,"  a 
similar  enterprise  was  undertaken  at  Lechmere  Point  in  which 
the  prime  mover  was  Andrew  Craigie.1  The  earliest  transactions 
were  conducted  by  Mr.  Craigie  with  much  skill  and  secrecy.  His 
name  does  not  appear  on  the  records  until  the  whole  scheme  was 
accomplished ;  indeed  he  took  no  deed  of  land  in  his  own  name 
until  Feb.  14,  1803,  when  he  purchased  of  Abraham  Biglow 
nearly  forty  acres  of  land,  formerly  the  northwesterly  part  of  the 
Inman  or  Jarvis  Farm.  But  other  purchases,  manifestly  in  his 
interest,  had  been  made  at  an  earlier  period.  It  has  her-etofore 
been  stated  that  the  estate  of  Richard  Lechmere  was  confiscated 
by  the  State,  and  sold  to  Andrew  Cabot  in  1779.  This  estate, 
together  with  the  share  of  the  Phips  Farm  assigned  to  Judge 
Lee  and  his  wife,  and  subsequently  bought  by  Cabot,  was  sold  for 
£3,300  to  Seth  Johnson  of  New  York,  Jan.  31,  1795,  and  mort- 
gaged by  him  to  John  Cabot  for  £2,200:  and  on  the  18th  of 
December,  1797,  Johnson,  for  a  nominal  consideration,  quit- 
claimed all  his  interest  in  the  estate  to  Bossenger  Foster  of  Cam- 
bridge (brother-in-law  to  Mr.  Craigie),  who,  by  an  agreement 
dated  six  months  later,  engaged  to  convey  the  estate  to  Craigie, 
on  the  performance  of  certain  conditions.  The  next  step  was  to 
secure  the  reversionary  rights  of  Mrs.  Lechmere  and  her  children 
in  the  confiscated  estate  of  her  husband,  or  in  so  much  thereof  as 
was  held  in  her  right  by  inheritance  from  her  father.  These 

1  Mr.  Craigie  was  apothecary-general  He    purchased    the  Vassall    House,    or 

of  the  Northern  Department  of  the  Rev-  Washington  Headquarters,  Jan.  1,  1792, 

olutionary  Army,  Sept.   5,   1777,  when  and  resided  there  until   Sept.  19,  1819, 

the   Council   of   Massachusetts    granted  when  he  closed  an  active  life,  checkered 

him   supplies  for  the  General   Hospital,  by  many  vicissitudes. 


184  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

rights  were  conveyed,  Oct.  14, 1799,  by  Lechmere  and  his  wife 
to  Samuel  Haven  of  Dedham,  whose  wife  was  daughter  of  Mr. 
Foster  and  niece  of  Mr.  Craigie.  Mr.  Cabot  took  possession  of 
the  estate  under  the  mortgage  from  Johnson,  having  obtained  judg- 
ment therefor  in  1800,  and  sold  the  same  to  Samuel  Parkman  of 
Boston,  Aug.  26,  1803.  Parkman  conveyed  to  Craigie  all  his 
rights  in  the  whole  estate,  by  deed  dated  June  3, 1806,  and  on  the 
26th  of  January,  1807,  the  widow  and  administratrix  of  Bossenger 
Foster  conveyed  to  Mr.  Craigie  (her  brother)  the  Johnson  title, 
pursuant  to  the  beforementioned  agreement.  Having  thus  se- 
cured a  complete  title  to  the  whole  of  the  Phips  Farm,  except  the 
share  assigned  to  Andrew  Bordman  and  his  wife,  Mr.  Craigie 
bought  of  Jonas  Wyeth,  3d,  Feb.  11,  1807,  about  forty  acres, 
formerly  the  northerly  part  of  the  Inman  or  Jarvis  estate,  and 
May  5,  1807,  of  the  heirs  of  Ebenezer  Shed,  about  five  acres, 
lying  partly  in  Somerville,  and  adjoining  the  land  purchased  of 
Wyeth,  so  that  he  now  owned  about  three  hundred  acres  of  land, 
in  two  parcels  nearly  adjoining  each  other  ;  the  easterly  parcel 
included  almost  the  whole  of  East  Cambridge,  and  extended 
westerly  to  a  point  near  the  intersection  of  Webster  Avenue  with 
Cambridge  Street,  bounded  southerly  by  a  line  passing  near  the 
intersection  of  Windsor  Street  with  Webster  Avenue  ;  the  west- 
erly parcel  extended  from  Elm  Street  to  a  line  about  midway  be- 
tween Fayette  Street  and  Maple  Avenue  ;  its  southerly  boundary 
was  an  old  lane,  long  ago  discontinued,  commencing  on  Inman 
Street,  one  hundred  and  seventy-six  feet  south  of  Broadway,  and 
crossing  Broadway  near  its  intersection  with  Elm  Street ;  on  the 
west  side  of  Inman  Street,  the  south  boundary  was  a  line  vary- 
ing from  four  hundred  to  three  hundred  feet  north  of  Broadway. 
Although  Mr.  Craigie's  title  to  this  whole  property  was  substan- 
tially complete,  inasmuch  as  it  was  within  his  control,  yet  he  had 
not,  up  to  this  time,  received  a  release  of  the  reversionary  rights 
of  Mrs.  Lechmere  and  her  children  ;  for  obvious  reasons  he  pre- 
ferred to  let  this  part  of  the  title  remain  in  the  hands  of  his  rela- 
tive, Mr.  Haven.  As  early  as  June  21,  1806,  he  seems  to  have 
submitted  a  claim  against  the  Commonwealth  for  damages  on 
account  of  "  a  breach  of  the  covenants  of  warranty,"  in  the  deed 
of  the  Lechmere  estate  to  Cabot ;  for  when  he  sought,  at  that 
date,  to  improve  his  property,  by  "  building  a  dam  from  Prison 
Point  in  Charlestown  to  Lechmere's  Point  in  Cambridge  and 
erecting  mills  on  the  same,"  the  General  Court  inserted  in  the 
act  of  incorporation  a  provision  that  it  should  "  be  of  no  avail  or 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  185 

effect  ....  until  a  release  and  discharge  of  all  the  covenants 
of  warranty  made  by  this  Commonwealth  of  any  of  the  lands 
conveyed  by  said  Commonwealth,  lying  at  or  near  Lechmere's 
Point  mentioned  in  this  Act,  shall  be  obtained  from  the  person 
or  persons  who  are  legally  authorized  to  make  such  release  or 
discharge."  So  also  when  John  C.  Jones,  Loammi  Baldwin, 
Aaron  Dexter,  Benjamin  Weld,  Joseph  Coolidge,  Jr.,  Benjamin 
Joy,  Gorham  Parsons,  Jonathan  Ingersoll,  John  Beach,  Abijah 
Cheever,  William  B.  Hutchins,  Stephen  Howard,  and  Andrew 
Craigie,  with  their  associates,  were  incorporated,  Feb.  27,  1807, 
with  authority  to  erect  Canal  Bridge,  familiarly  called  Craigie's 
Bridge,  from  "  the  northwesterly  end  of  Leverett  street "  in  Bos- 
ton "  to  the  east  end  of  Lechmere's  Point,"  a  similar  provision 
was  inserted  that  the  act  should  be  of  no  effect  "  until  a  release 
and  discharge  of  all  the  covenants  of  warranty  contained  in  the 
deed  of  James  Prescott,  Joseph  Hosmer,  and  Samuel  Thatcher, 
Esqs.,  unto  Andrew  Cabot  and  his  assigns  shall  be  made  and  ob- 
tained from  Andrew  Craigie  or  the  person  or  persons  who  are 
legally  authorized  to  make  such  release  and  discharge."  The 
memorial  setting  forth  this  claim  of  damage  is  mentioned  in  the 
Records  of  the  Executive  Council,  Feb.  9,  1807,  while  the  peti- 
tion for  leave  to  erect  Canal  Bridge  was  pending  in  the  General 
Court :  "  The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  memorial 
of  Andrew  Craigie,  praying  that  some  measures  might  be  adopted 
to  ascertain  the  terms  on  which  his  claim  to  damages  for  a  breach 
of  the  covenant  of  warranty  contained  in  a  deed  made  by  this 
Commonwealth  to  Andrew  Cabot  of  land  lying  at  or  near  Lech- 
mere's Point,  so  called,  and  on  which  the  same  claim  may  be  ad- 
justed, beg  leave  to  report :  that  on  the  24th  of  November,  1779, 
this  Commonwealth  by  its  Committee  conveyed  to  Andrew 
Cabot  the  fifty-four  acres  and  one  quarter  of  land  as  stated  in  the 
said  memorial,  in  which  deed  of  conveyance  there  was  a  general 
warranty  against  the  lawful  claims  and  demands  of  all  persons  ; 
that  the  said  Andrew  Craigie  by  sundry  successive  conveyances 
duly  executed  is  the  assignee  of  the  said  Cabot,  and  is  by  law 
entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  said  warranty  and  capable  of  dis- 
charging the  same  ;  that  the  said  fifty-four  acres  and  one  quarter 
of  an  acre,  on  the  death  of  Richard  Lechmere,  will  by  law  revert 
to  Mary  Lechmere  his  wife,  or  to  her  heirs,  in  whose  right  the 
said  Richard  possessed  the  same  at  the  time  of  its  confiscation  ; 
that  the  land  in  question,  from  its  local  situation,  appears  to  be 
capable  of  important  improvements,  but  from  various  connecting 


186  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

circumstances  it  is  very  difficult  to  ascertain  its  value  to  the  pro- 
prietor ;  that  he  has  mentioned  no  sum  of  money  for  which  he 
would  discharge  the  Commonwealth  from  the  warranty,"  etc. 
The  Committee  thus  reported  the  facts,  without  any  specific  rec- 
ommendation. It  would  seem  that  Mr.  Craigie  did  not  succeed 
in  obtaining  any  further  compensation,  and  that  he  preferred  to 
abandon  all  claim  for  it,  rather  than  to  forfeit  the  privilege  of 
erecting  the  dam  and  bridge  before  mentioned  ;  for  on  the  9th 
of  May,  1808,  he  executed  a  deed  releasing  all  such  claims  for 
damage,  in  consideration  of  the  right  granted  to  him  by  two  Acts 
of  the  General  Court,  in  1807  and  1808,  to  erect  a  bridge  from 
Lechmere  Point  to  Boston ;  which  release  was  accepted  and  ap- 
proved by  the  Governor,  May  12,  1808. 

Having  thus  released  the  Commonwealth  from  liability  to 
damage  for  breach  of  warranty,  Mr.  Craigie  completed  his 
record-title  by  receiving,  for  the  nominal  consideration  of  one 
dollar,  a  conveyance,  dated  Sept.  20,  1808,  of  the  reversion- 
ary right  to  "all  the  estate  which  was  set  off  to  Mary  Lech- 
mere,"  which  had  been  held  for  him  since  Oct.  14,  1799,  by  his 
friend  and  kinsman,  Mr.  Haven.  The  actual  value  of  the  prop- 
erty was  much  enhanced  by  the  privilege  to  erect  a  bridge,  and 
to  make  the  other  improvements  authorized  by  the  General 
Court.  But  the  apparent  inflation  of  value  was  scarcely  ex- 
ceeded by  the  more  recent  and  almost  fabulous  transactions  in 
coal-fields  and  oil-wells.  As  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained  from 
the  records,  Mr.  Craigie  paid  less  than  twenty  thousand  dollars 
for  the  whole  estate.  Reserving  sufficient  land  and  flats  for  the 
construction  of  the  bridge  and  the  location  of  a  toll-house,  he  put 
the  remainder  on  the  market  at  the  price  of  three  hundred  and 
sixty  thousand  dollars,  in  sixty  shares  of  six  thousand  dollars  each. 
At  this  price,  three  shares  were  conveyed  to  Harrison  G.  Otis, 
three  to  Israel  Thorndike,  and  one,  each,  to  Ebenezer  Francis, 
William  Payne,  Thomas  H.  Perkins,  and  John  Callender,  by 
deeds  dated  Nov.  30,  1808.  The  bridge  was  completed  in  1809, 
and  roads  were  opened  to  Cambridge  Common,  to  Medford,  and 
elsewhere,  to  attract  travel  from  the  country  to  Boston  over  this 
avenue.  To  enable  the  proprietors  to  manage  and  dispose  of 
their  valuable  real  estate,  which  had  hitherto  remained  apparently 
undivided  and  uninhabited  (except  by  a  single  family  in  the  old 
Phips  farm-house),  the  General  Court,  by  an  Act  approved 
March  3, 1810, incorporated  "Thomas  Handasyde  Perkins,  James 
Perkins,  William  Payne,  Ebenezer  Francis,  and  Andrew  Craigie, 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  187 

being  tenants  in  common  "  of  lands  at  and  near  Lechmere  Point, 
with  their  associates,  as  "  the  Lechmere  Point  Corporation." 
Within  the  next  two  months  the  several  proprietors  conveyed 
their  shares  to  the  Corporation  at  the  nominal  price  of  five  dollars. 
Streets  and  lots  of  suitable  size  were  laid  out ;  but  the  records 
indicate  that  the  sales  of  land  were  few.  The  first  deed  of  a 
house-lot,  entered  on  record,  is  dated  Aug.  20,  1810,  and  conveys 
to  Samuel  S.  Green  the  lot  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Cam- 
bridge and  Second  streets,  where  he  resided  more  than  three- 
score years,  and  where  he  died,  Sept.  8,  1872.  One  store-lot,  on 
Bridge  Street,  had  previously  been  sold  to  Aaron  Bigelow,  but 
the  deed  was  not  placed  on  record  so  early  as  the  other.  The  rec- 
ords exhibit  only  ten  deeds  of  lots  given  by  the  Corporation,  until 
Sept.  20, 1813,  when  a  sale  was  made  to  Jesse  Putnam,  which  con- 
tributed materially  to  the  prosperity  of  the  new  village ;  this  lot 
was  bounded  on  East  Street  400  feet,  on  North  Street  400  feet, 
on  Water  Street  300  feet,  and  "  on  land  covered  with  water  " 
about  400  feet,  and  was  conveyed  by  Putnam,  March  16,  1814, 
to  the  "  Boston  Porcelain  and  Glass  Company."  But  the  "  crown- 
ing mercy  "  to  the  whole  enterprise  was  the  agreement,  approved 
by  the  Corporation  Nov.  1,  1813,  and  by  the  Court  of  Sessions  at 
the  next  December  Term  ;  namely,  that  the  Corporation  would 
give  to  the  County  of  Middlesex  the  square  bounded  by  Otis, 
Second,  Thorndike,  and  Third  streets,  and  a  lot,  seventy-five  feet 
in  width,  across  the  westerly  side  of  the  square  l  bounded  by 
Thorndike,  Second,  Spring,  and  Third  streets,  and  would  erect 
thereon  a  court-house  and  jail,  satisfactory  to  the  Court,  at  an 
expense  to  the  Corporation  not  exceeding  twenty-four  thousand 
dollars,  on  condition  that  as  soon  as  the  edifices  were  completed, 
they  should  be  used  for  the  purposes  designed.  The  town  pro- 
tested most  earnestly  against  the  removal  of  the  courts  and 
records  from  Harvard  Square,  but  in  vain.  At  the  March  Term 
of  the  Court,  1816,  a  committee  reported  that  the  court-house 
and  jail  were  satisfactorily  completed,  and  it  was  ordered  that 
they  be  immediately  devoted  to  their  intended  use.  It  was  also 
ordered  that  the  sum  of  $4,190.78  be  paid  to  the  Corporation, 
being  the  amount  expended  in  excess  of  $24,000.  From  this 
time,  the  success  of  the  enterprise  was  assured. 

During  the  period  embraced  in  this  chapter,  while  two  new  vil- 
lages were  established,  which,  after  many  vicissitudes,  became 
more  populous  than  the  older  settlements,  the  town  was  sadly 
1  The  County  has  since  purchased  the  other  portions  of  the  square. 


188  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

shorn  of  its  already  diminished  proportions  by  the  incorporation 
of  its  second  and  third  parishes  into  separate  towns.  Dr.  Holmes, 
writing  in  1800,  says,1  — 

ACRES.          BODS. 

"  The  First  Parish  in  Cambridge  contains,  2,851       60 

The  Second  Parish  in  Cambridge  contains,  4,345     118 

The  Third  Parish  in  Cambridge  contains,  2,660       81" 

The  original  organization  of  these  parishes  will  be  mentioned 
elsewhere.  Their  separation  from  the  parent  trunk  occurred  al- 
most simultaneously.  The  third  parish  was  incorporated  as  the 
town  of  Brighton,  Feb.  24,  1807,  and  became  a  part  of  the  city 
of  Boston,  Jan.  1,  1874.  The  second  parish  was  incorporated  as 
the  town  of  West  Cambridge,  by  an  Act  passed  Feb.  27,%  1807, 
but  not  to  take  effect  until  June  1,  1807  ;  its  corporate  name  was 
changed  to  Arlington,  April  30,  1867.  By  the  incorporation  of 
these  two  towns,  Cambridge  lost  nearly  three  quarters  of  its  terri- 
tory, but  probably  somewhat  less  than  half  of  its  population. 

The  political  disturbances  in  the  country,  at  the  commence- 
ment of  the  present  century,  were  disastrous  to  its  commercial 
prosperity.  The  Embargo,  proclaimed  in  December  1807,  fol- 
lowed by  other  hostile  measures,  culminating  in  a  declaration  of 
war  against  Great  Britain,  in  June  1812,  paralyzed  the  commerce 
of  the  whole  country.  Grass  grew  in  the  streets  of  the  seaports, 
and  ships  rotted  at  the  wharves.  Cambridge  felt  this  calamity 
the  more  keenly,  because  it  involved  so  many  of  her  citizens  in 
distress.  Merchants,  mechanics,  and  laborers,  mutually  depend- 
ent on  each  other,  were  thrown  out  of  business,  and  some  were 
reduced  to  absolute  want.  A  general  and  rapid  depreciation  in 
the  value  of  real  estate  followed,  particularly  in  Cambridgeport ; 2 
the  owners  ceased  to  erect  houses  and  stores ;  those  who  had 
purchased  on  speculation  were  unable  to  effect  sales,  and  some  of 
them  were  financially  ruined.  General  stagnation  ensued,  from 
which  the  new  village  did  not  fully  recover  for  many  years,  and 
the  hope  of  making  it  a  great  commercial  centre  seems  to  have 
been  utterly  and  forever  abandoned. 

In  common  with  many  towns  in  New  England,  Cambridge 
earnestly  protested  against  the  Embargo.  At  a  town-meeting, 
Aug.  25,  1808,  an  address,  reported  by  a  committee  consisting  of 

Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Coll.,  vii.  6.  Cambridge  had  not  been  commenced  when 

2  Lands,  which  had  been  worth  in  the  the  Embargo  was  declared  ;  but  its  growth 

market  more  than  twenty  cents  per  square  was  retarded  by  the  hostilities  which  fol- 

foot,  were  afterwards  sold  for  less  than  lowed, 
one  cent  per  foot.    The  settlement  of  East 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  189 

Royal  Makepeace,  Francis  Dana,  and  Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  was 
adopted,  to  wit :  — 

"  TQ  the  President  of  the  United  States  of  America :  The  in- 
habitants of  Cambridge,  in  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts, 
in  legal  town-meeting  assembled,  respectfully  represent :  That 
we  are  sensibly  impressed  with  our  obligation  to  submit  to  and 
support  the  laws  of  our  country  ;  and  we  flatter  ourselves  that  we 
have  been  and  ever  shall  be  forward  to  manifest  our  patriotism, 
and  make  any  sacrifice,  and  submit  to  any  privation,  that  the  in- 
terest and  honor  of  our  country  shall  require.  But  in  times  of 
great  public  calamity  and  distress,  we  deem  it  no  less  our  duty 
than  our  privilege,  '  peaceably  to  assemble  and  petition  the  gov- 
ernment for  a  redress  of  grievances.'  Under  these  impressions, 
we  feel  constrained  to  confess  to  your  Excellency  that  we,  in 
common  with  our  fellow  citizens  of  the  Eastern  States,  suffer  a 
severe  and  increasing  distress  from  the  operation  of  the  laws 
'  laying  an  embargo  on  all  ships  and  vessels  in  the  ports  and  har- 
bors of  the  United  States.'  Could  we  see  a  termination  of  our 
sufferings,  we  would  submit  in  silence.  But  with  consternation 
we  observe  that  this  is  not  a  temporary  measure,  but  imposed  by 
perpetual  laws.  We  admit  the  power  of  Congress  to  regulate 
commerce ;  but  laws  to  abolish  it,  and  raise  a  perpetual  barrier 
to  foreign  intercourse,  we  believe  was  never  contemplated  by  our 
national  compact. 

"  Your  petitioners  inhabit  a  district  of  the  Union  which  does 
not  abound  with  all  the  conveniences  of  life.  The  fisheries  and 
commerce  have  contributed  in  an  eminent  degree  to  give  us  what- 
ever of  wealth,  happiness,  and  importance,  we  enjoy.  We  can 
never,  therefore,  subscribe  to  the  opinion,  '  that  it  would  be  un- 
wise evermore  to  recur  to  distant  countries  for  the  comforts  and 
conveniences  of  life.'  Situated  as  we  are  on  the  shores  of  the 
Atlantic,  we  have  occasion  to  remark  and  bitterly  realize  many 
distressing  consequences  of  the  embargo  laws,  which  fall  not  un- 
der the  immediate  eye  of  Government,  the  recital  of  which,  we 
are  confident,  will  excite  all  your  excellency's  philanthropy,  and 
induce  you  to  exercise  the  power  with  which  you  are  invested, 
for  the  relief  of  your  fellow-citizens.  The  laws  which  shut  us  out 
from  the  ocean,  the  better  part  of  our  inheritance,  palsied  all  our 
enterprise.  The  farmer  gathers  his  harvest  with  a  heavy  heart, 
while  he  has  no  hope  of  vending  his  surplus,  and  the  mechanic, 
sailor,  and  fisherman,  find  that  their  willing  industry  will  no 
longer  enable  them  to  supply  their  daily  wants.  Many,  very 


190  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

many,  who,  by  a  long  course  of  persevering  industry,  supposed 
they  had  reached  the  desired  point  of  independence,  find  their 
property  so  fallen  in  value,  that  it  must  be  wholly  sacrificed  for 
the  payment  of  their  debts.  Their  endeavors  to  extricate  them- 
selves avail  them  nothing  ;  and  they  can  only  weep  over  the  ruin 
that  overwhelms  them  and  reduces  their  families  to  beggary. 
Our  distress  is  rendered  the  more  severe  and  intolerable  by  a 
conviction  that  the  neighboring  British  Provinces,  by  the  very 
measures  that  embarrass  us,  are  acquiring  a  consequence  which 
their  natural  advantages  could  never  have  given  them. 

"  We  apprehend  that  the  benefits  expected  by  your  Excellency 
and  Congress  from  the  Embargo  have  been  but  partially  experi- 
enced. It  is  a  notorious  fact  that  great  numbers  of  our  native 
seamen,  disheartened  by  their  situation,  have  resorted  to  the 
British  Provinces  to  obtain  the  means  of  subsistence,  and  entered 
voluntarily  into  the  service  of  that  very  nation  from  which  the 
hand  of  government  has  been  extended  to  protect  them.  Our 
hope  and  expectation  now  rests  in  the  laws  authorizing  your  ex- 
cellency, in  the  event  of  important  changes  in  the  measures  of 
the  belligerent  powers  affecting  neutral  commerce,  during  the 
recess  of  Congress,  to  suspend,  in  whole  or  in  part,  the  acts  lay- 
ing an  embargo.  The  existing  Revolution  in  Spain  is  a  change 
indeed  important  to  the  world,  and  cannot  fail  to  awaken  the 
sympathy  of  every  friend  of  mankind.  The  trade  of  Spain  and 
Portugal  and  their  colonies  is  now  open  and  offers  a  golden  har- 
vest to  the  first  nation  who  shall  show  themselves  wise  enough  to 
gather  it.  We  therefore  request  your  Excellency  to  suspend  the 
operation  of  the  embargo  laws,  so  far  at  least  as  they  relate  to 
Spain  and  Portugal  and  their  dependencies ;  or,  should  your  Ex- 
cellency doubt  that  you  have  such  power,  that  you  will  call  Con- 
gress together  for  that  purpose." 

This  address,  says  the  record,  was  adopted  "almost  unani- 
mously "  ;  and  the  selectmen  were  directed  to  forward  it  to  the 
President.  Very  soon  a  reply  was  received,  —  apparently  an 
autograph  of  the  President,  —  which  is  still  preserved  in  the  of- 
fice of  the  city  clerk  :  — 

"  To  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  in  legal  town- 
meeting  assembled.  Your  representation  and  request  were  re- 
ceived on  the  8th  inst.,  and  have  been  considered  with  the  at- 
tention due  to  every  expression  of  the  sentiments  and  feelings 
of  so  respectable  a  body  of  my  fellow-citizens.1  No  person  has 

1  In  the  original,  as  usual  in  Jefferson's  manuscripts,  capital  letters  are  generally 
omitted  at  the  beginning  of  sentences. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  191 

seen,  with  more  concern  than  myself,  the  inconveniences  brought 
on  our  country  in  general  by  the  circumstances  of  the  times 
in  which  we  happen  to  live ;  times  to  which  the  history  of 
nations  presents  no  parallel.  For  years  we  have  been  look- 
ing as  spectators  on  our  brethren  of  Europe,  afflicted  by  all  those 
evils  which  necessarily  follow  an  abandonment  of  the  moral 
rules  which  bind  men  and  nations  together.  Connected  with 
them  in  friendship  and  commerce  we  have  happily  so  far  kept 
aloof  from  their  calamitous  conflicts,  by  a  steady  observance  of 
justice  towards  all,  by  much  forbearance  and  multiplied  sacri- 
fices. At  length,  however,  all  regard  to  the  rights  of  others  hav- 
ing been  thrown  aside,  the  belligerent  powers  have  beset  the 
highway  of  commercial  intercourse  with  edicts  which,  taken  to- 
gether, expose  our  commerce  and  mariners,  under  almost  every 
destination,  a  prey  to  their  fleets  and  armies.  Each  party,  in- 
deed, would  admit  our  commerce  with  themselves,  with  the  view 
of  associating  us  in  their  war  against  the  other.  But  we  have 
wished  war  with  neither.  Under  these  circumstances  were  passed 
the  laws  of  which  you  complain,  by  those  delegated  to  exercise 
the  powers  of  legislation  for  you,  with  every  sympathy  of  a  com- 
mon interest  in  exercising  them  faithfully.  In  reviewing  these 
measures,  therefore,  we  should  advert  to  the  difficulties  out  of 
which  a  choice  was  of  necessity  to  be  made.  To  have  submitted 
our  rightful  commerce  to  prohibitions  and  tributary  exactions  from 
others  would  have  been  to  surrender  our  independence.  To  resist 
them  by  arms  was  war,  without  consulting  the  state  of  things  or 
the  choice  of  the  nation.  The  alternative  preferred  by  the  Leg- 
islature, of  suspending  a  commerce  placed  under  such  unexampled 
difficulties,  besides  saving  to  our  citizens  their  property  and  our 
mariners  to  their  country,  has  the  peculiar  advantage  of  giving 
time  to  the  belligerent  nations  to  revise  a  conduct  as  contrary  to 
their  interests  as  it  is  to  our  rights.  '  In  the  event  of  such  peace 
or  suspension  of  hostilities  between  the  belligerent  Powers  of 
Europe,  or  of  such  a  change  in  their  measures  affecting  neutral 
commerce  as  may  render  that  of  the  United  States  sufficiently 
.safe  in  the  judgment  of  the  President,'  he  is  authorized  to  sus- 
pend the  Embargo.  But  no  peace  or  suspension  of  hostilities,  no 
change  of  measures  affecting  neutral  commerce,  is  known  to  have 
taken  place.  The  Orders  of  England  and  the  Decrees  of  France 
and  Spain,  existing  at  the  date  of  these  laws,  are  still  unrepealed, 
so  far  as  we  know.  In  Spain,  indeed,  a  contest  for  the  govern- 
ment appears  to  have  arisen  ;  but  of  its  course  or  prospects  we 


192  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

have  no  information  on  which  prudence  would  undertake  a  hasty 
change  in  our  policy,  even  were  the  authority  of  the  Executive 
competent  to  such  a  decision.  You  desire  that,  in  defect  of  such 
power,  Congress  may  be  specially  convened.  It  is  unnecessary 
to  examine  the  evidence  or  the  character  of  the  facts  which  are 
supposed  to  dictate  such  a  call ;  because  you  will  be  sensible,  on 
an  attention  to  dates,  that  the  legal  period  of  their  meeting  is  as 
early  as,  in  this  extensive  country,  they  could  be  fully  convened 
by  a  special  call.  I  should  with  great  willingness  have  executed 
the  wishes  of  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge,  had  peace,  or  a  re- 
peal of  the  obnoxious  Edicts,  or  other  changes,  produced  the  case, 
in  which  alone  the  laws  have  given  me  that  authority  ;  and  so 
many  motives  of  justice  and  interest  lead  to  such  changes  that 
we  ought  continually  to  expect  them.  But  while  these  Edicts 
remain,  the  Legislature  alone  can  prescribe  the  course  to  be  pur- 
sued. TH:  JEFFERSON.  Sept.  10,  1808." 

The  appeal  of  the-  people  to  the  President  was  fruitless. 
Equally  vain  was  an  address  by  the  General  Court  to  the  mem- 
bers of  Congress.  A  spirit  of  hostility  to  England  was  predom- 
inant in  the  national  government ;  the  Embargo  was  made  more 
stringent,  and  enforced  by  regulations  which  were  here  considered 
unreasonable  and  unconstitutional ;  and  the  general  condition  of 
the  people,  both  present  and  prospective,  "  was  nothing  bettered, 
but  rather  grew  worse."  Under  such  circumstances,  at  a  town 
meeting,  Jan.  27,  1809,  "  The  act  lately  passed  by  Congress  for 
enforcing  the  Embargo  was  read  and  submitted  to  the  town  for 
their  consideration ;  and  after  maturely  considering  the  same,  and 
also  considering  the  present  alarming  situation  of  our  country," 
a  vigorous  protest  against  the  hostile  measures  of  the  general 
government  was  adopted  by  a  very  large  majority  of  the  inhab- 
itants. 

This  protestation,  and  hundreds  of  similar  character  by  the 
people  of  New  England,  were  in  vain.  In  Congress,  the  influence 
of  France  was  in  the  ascendant,  and  the  Embargo  was  followed, 
in  June,  1812,  by  an  open  declaration  of  war  against  Great 
Britain.  For  the  next  two  or  three  years,  Cambridge  suffered 
its  full  proportion  in  the  general  stagnation  of  business.  Cam- 
bridgeport  did  not  recover  from  the  blight  which  had  fallen  upon 
it ;  and  the  growth  of  East  Cambridge  was  sadly  retarded. 

With  a  very  decided  majority  of  voters  politically  opposed  to 
the  war,  and  smarting  under  the  losses  and  inconveniences  re- 
sulting from  it,  the  town  could  not  be  expected  to  enter  with 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  193 

enthusiasm  into  its  support,  or  voluntarily  to  assume  a  dispropor- 
tionate share  of  its  burdens.  In  fact,  no  reference  to  the  war, 
during  its  continuance,  is  found  on  the  Town  Records.  A  few 
months  after  its  close,  May  8,  1815,  the  town  "  Voted,  that  the 
report  of  the  Committee  appointed  to  determine  what  compensa- 
tion, if  any,  should  be  allowed  by  the  town  to  the  militia-men 
drafted  and  called  out  for  the  defence  of  the  State,  be  accepted  : 
—  the  report  allows  four  dollars  to  each  person  for  every  thirty 
days  service."  The  Cambridge  Light  Infantry  was  called  into 
service  by  the  Governor,  for  the  defence  of  the  State,  and  readily 
responded  to  the  call.  There  may  have  been  some  voluntary  en- 
listments into  the  regular  army  of  the  United  States :  but  any 
evidence  of  such  a  fact  is  not  found. 

One  of  the  most  eminent  citizens  of  Cambridge,  ELBRIDGE 
GERRY,  was  Govei'nor  of  Massachusetts  from  May  1810,  to  May 
1812,  and  Vice-president  of  the  United  States  from  March  4, 1813, 
until  Nov.  23, 1814,  when  he  suddenly  expired,  as  he  was  about  to 
enter  the  Senate  Chamber  in  Washington  for  the  performance  of 
his  official  duties.  However  bittterly  his  politics  were  denounced, 
Mr.  Gerry  enjoyed  the  personal  respect  and  esteem  of  his  towns- 
men ;  yet  neither  their  affection  for  the  man,  nor  their  regard  for 
his  high  political  position,  could  overcome  their  detestation  of  the 
war,  of  which  he  was  an  advocate  and  defender,  nor  induce  them 
to  volunteer  their  persons  or  their  property  in  its  behalf.  Hence 
the  dignified  silence  of  the  Town  Records. 

When  the  news  of  Peace  arrived,  in  February,  1815,  there  was 
a  general  outburst  of  joy  in  Massachusetts.  In  many  towns, 
public  meetings  of  prayer,  and  praise,  and  mutual  congratulation, 
were  held.  There  was  such  a  meeting  in  Cambridge,  Feb.  23, 
1815,  and  an  address  was  delivered  by  President  Kirkland. 
Among  the  papers  presented  by  Hon.  John  Davis  to  the  Massa- 
chusetts Historical  Society  is  a  handbill,  or  broadside,  announcing 
the  approaching  festivity,  as  follows  :  — 

CELEBRATION 

OP  THE    RATIFICATION  OF  THE 

TREATY   OF    PEACE 

between  the  United  States  of  America  and  the  li- 
nked Kingdom  of  Great  Britain  &  Ireland, 
at  Cambridge,  Feb.  23,  1815. 

13 


194  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ORDER  OF  PROCESSION. 

The  procession  will  be  formed  at  University  Hall,  and  move 
at  11  o'clock  A.  M.  in  the  following  order,  to 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes's  meeting-house. 
Military  Escort. 

Musick. 

Marshal.     Chief  Marshal.     Marshal. 

The  President  of  the  University  and  the  other  Gentlemen,  who  officiate. 
Government  of  Harvard  College. 

Selectmen  of  Cambridge. 

Marshal.     Committee  of  Arrangements.     Marshal. 
Strangers. 
Marshal. 

Resident  Graduates. 
Students. 
Marshal. 

Citizens  of   Cambridge. 
Marshal. 


ORDER  OF   EXERCISES. 

1.  Anthem  —  By  Stephenson. 

"  I  was  glad  when  they  said  unto  me,"-&c. 

2.  Prayer,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ware. 

3.  Reading  of  select  portions  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 

ture, by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gannett. 

4.  Hymn,  written  for  the  occasion. 

Almighty  God,  to  thee  we  bow,  But  light  from  Heaven  has  shone  at  last, 

To  thee  the  voice  of  gladness  raise;  And  PEACE  is  beaming  from  above, 

Thy  mercy,  that  hath  blessed  us  now,  The  storm  of  doubt  and  fear  has  past, 

In  loud  and  grateful  songs  we  praise.  And  hope  returns,  and  joy,  and  love. 

Long  hast  Thou  stretched  the  avenging  Then  praise  to  that  Eternal  Power, 

hand  Who  bids  our  wars  and  tumults  cease, 

And  smote  thy  people  in  thy  wrath  ;  And  hymn,  in  this  auspicious  hour, 

Hast  frowned    upon  a  guilty  land,  The  God  of  mercy  —  God  of  Peace. 

While  storms   and  darkness  veiled   thy 
path. 

5.  Address,  by  the  President  of  the  University. 

6.  Poem,  by  Mr.  Henry  Ware. 

7.  Prayer,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes. 

8.  Anthem,  from  Handel's  "  Grand  Dettingen  Te 

Deum," 
"  We  praise  thee,  O  God,"  &c. 

9.  Benediction. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

IT  has  already  been  stated  in  chapter  v.,  that  a  ferry  was  estab- 
lished in  1635  across  Charles  River  (at  the  foot  of  Dunster 
Street),  from  which  there  was  a  road  through  Brookline  and 
Roxbury  to  Boston.  The  only  other  feasible  route  to  Boston 
was  through  Charlestown,  and  across  a  ferry  near  Copp's  Hill. 
Desiring  to  avoid  the  inconvenience  and  peril  of  a  ferry,  the  in- 
habitants of  Cambridge  consented,  Nov.  10,  1656,  "  to  pay  each 
one  their  proportion  of  a  rate  to  the  sum  of  200Z.  towards  the 
building  a  bridge  over  Charles  River,  upon  condition  the  same 
may  be  effected  without  further  charge  to  the  town."  A  place 
for  the  bridge  was  selected,  at  the  foot  of  Brighton  Street  ;  but 
the  work  was  too  great  to  be  accomplished  at  once.  Three  years 
afterwards,  Feb.  4,  1659-60,  "  the  former  propositions  and  votes 
that  had  passed,  for  the  building  of  a  bridge  over  Charles  River, 
were  again  considered  and  debated  ;  and  the  question  being  pro- 
pounded, whether  the  town  did  agree  and  consent  that  the  said 
work  should  be  yet  further  prosecuted,  and  that  200L  should 
be  levied  on  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  towards  the  effect- 
ing thereof,  the  vote  passed  on  the  affirmative."  The  structure 
was  probably  completed  before  March  23,  1662-3,  when  it  was 
ordered,  "  that  the  bridge  be  laid  in  oil  and  lead,  provided  that 
it  exceed  not  40Z.  charge  to  the  town."  This  bridge  was  much 
larger  than  any  which  had  previously  been  erected  in  the  colony. 
From  the  first  it  was  called  the  "Great  Bridge;  "  and  such  is 
still  its  legal  designation.  The  cost  of  maintaining  such  a  bridge, 
together  with  a  long  causeway,  was  very  great,  compared  with 
the  means  of  defraying  it,  and  many  methods  were  devised  to  re- 
lieve the  town  of  some  portion  of  the  burden.  Under  date  of 
Oct.  12,  1670,  the  action  of  the  General  Court  is  recorded  : 
"  Whereas,  the  Bridge  over  Charles  River,  which  was  first 
erected  at  the  cost  of  that  town,  together  with  the  free  contribu- 
tion of  several  public  spirited  persons  in  some  neighbor  towns, 


196  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

which  bridge  being  now  decayed,  and  by  reason  of  the  danger  is 
presented  to  the  county  of  Middlesex,  and  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge, as  they  allege  in  their  petition,  being  not  able  to  repair 
it,  so  that  of  necessity  it  must  be  pulled  up  and  slighted,  and  the 
passage  there  must  be  secured  by  a  ferry  as  heretofore,  which  is 
not  so  safe,  convenient,  or  useful,  as  a  bridge,  for  a  ferry  is  alto- 
gether useless  in  the  winter,  and  very  inconvenient  to  transport 
horses,  and  not  at  all  accommodable  for  carts  or  droves  of  cattle  : 
The  premises  considered,  it  is  ordered  by  this  Court  and  the 
authority  thereof,  for  the  encouragement  either  pf  the  town  of 
Cambridge  or  any  particular  persons  that  shall  repair  the  bridge, 
or  erect  a  sufficient  cart-bridge  over  the  River  at  Cambridge,  and 
maintain  the  same  for  the  safety  of  the  passengers,  they  are 
hereby  empowered  to  take  toll  at  the  rates  following,  viz.,  one 
penny  for  every  person  ;  three  pence  a  head  for  every  horse  and 
man ;  six  pence  for  every  cart ;  two  pence  a  head  for  every  horse 
or  other  neat  cattle ;  one  half  penny  a  head  for  sheep,  goats,  or 
swine :  and  if  any  refuse  to  pay  the  toll  aforesaid,  it  shall  be  at 
the  liberty  of  such  as  maintain  the  said  bridge  to  stop  their  pas- 
sage. And  this  order  to  continue  in  [force]  so  long  as  the  said 
bridge  is  maintained  serviceable  and  safe  for  passage."  1  The 
tolls,  thus  authorized,  seem  not  to  have  been  long  continued,  if 
ever  exacted  ;  for  when  Newton  was  incorporated  as  a  separate 
town,  Jan.  11,  1687-8,  it  was  ordered  that  the  expense  of  main- 
taining the  bridge  "  be  defrayed  and  borne  as  followeth  :  (that 
is  to  say)  two  sixth  parts  thereof  by  the  town  of  Cambridge,  one 
sixth  part  by  the  said  Village,2  and  three  sixth  parts  at  the  pub- 
lic charge  of  the  county  of  Middlesex."  Newton  continued  to 
pay  its  proportion  of  the  expense  until  May  4,  1781,  when  it  was 
exempted  from  further  liability  by  the  General  Court.3  In  like 
manner,  when  Lexington  was  incorporated,  March  20,  1712-13, 
and  West  Cambridge,  Feb.  27,  1807,  they  were  required  to  share 
with  Cambridge  the  expense  of  maintaining  the  bridge,  in  pro- 
portion to  the  respective  valuation  of  the  several  towns,  which 
they  continued  to  do  until  they  were  released  from  that  obliga- 
tion, March  24,  1860,  by  the  General  Court,4  In  the  meantime, 
various  expedients  were  adopted  by  the  Court  to  aid  Cambridge 
in  sustaining  what  was  considered,  and  what  actually  was,  a 
grievous  burden.  Thus,  in  June,  1694,  it  was  "  resolved,  that 

1  3/05*.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.  (ii.)  470.  a  MOSS.  Rec.,  xlii.  98. 

2  Newton  was  at  first  called  Cambridge        *  Mass.  Spec.  Laws  xi   56 
Village. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  197 

the  town  of  Newton  pay  one  third  part  of  the  charge  of  said 
bridge."1  And  in  June,  1700,  it  was  "  resolved,  that  the  Great 
Bridge  in  Cambridge,  over  Charles  River,  be  repaired  from  time 
to  time,  one  half  at  the  charge  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  and 
the  other  half  at  the  charge  of  the  county  of  Middlesex."2 
Again,  Oct.  25,  1733,  the  bridge  having  been  "  very  thoroughly 
and  effectually  repaired,"  after  a  large  portion  of  it  had  been 
carried  away  by  the  ice,  the  Court  granted  to  Cambridge,  <£117 
16s.,  to  Newton,  £100,  and  to  Lexington,  £82  4s.,  in  all  X300,3 
in  consideration  of  their  extraordinary  expense ;  and  on  the  22d 
of  June,  1734,  "  Voted,  that  three  thousand  acres  of  the  unap- 
propriated lands  of  the  Province  be  and  hereby  are  granted  to 
the  towns  of  Cambridge,  Newton,  and  Lexington,  to  enable 
them  forever  hereafter  at  their  own  cost  and  charge,  to  keep, 
amend,  and  repair,  the  Great  Bridge  over  Charles  River  in  Cam- 
bridge ;  the  land  to  be  laid  out  in  three  several  parts,  in  equal 
proportion  to  each  of  the  said  towns."  4  A  "  plat "  of  the  thou- 
sand acres  allotted  to  Cambridge,  lying  west  of  Lunenburg,  was 
exhibited  and  confirmed,  Sept.  13,  1734.5  All  other  corporations 
having  been  released  from  liability,  the  General  Court  made  a 
final  disposition  of  the  matter  by  an  act  passed  March  11,  1862, 
by  which  the  city  of  Cambridge  and  the  town  of  Brighton  were 
"  authorized  and  required  to  rebuild  the  Great  Bridge  over 
Charles  River,'"  the  expense  to  be  borne  "  in  proportion  to  the 
respective  valuations  of  said  city  and  town  ;  "  and  it  was  pro- 
vided that  a  draw,  not  less  than  thirty-two  feet  wide,  should  be 
constructed  "  at  an  equal  distance  from  each  abutment,"  that 
"  the  opening  in  the  middle  of  said  draw  "  should  be  "  the  divid- 
ing line  between  Cambridge  and  Brighton  at  that  point,"  and 
that  thereafter  each  corporation  should  maintain  its  half  part  of 
the  whole  structure  at  its  own  expense.6 

In  June,  1738,  a  petition  of  Edmund  Goffe,  William  Brattle, 
and  others  of  Cambridge,  for  liberty  to  establish  a  ferry  between 

1  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  vi.  348.  thanks  to  the  General  Court  for  the  aid 

2  Ibid.,  vii  92.    This  tax  on  the  county  rendered  ;  and  also  "  to  Col.  Jacob  Wen- 
may  not  seem   unreasonable,  when  it  is  dell   Esq.   and   Mr.    Cradtlock   for   their 
considered   that  a   large   portion  of  the  kindness  to  us  in  procuring  and  collecting 
travel  to  and  from  Boston  passed  overthe  a  very  bountiful  subscription  for  us,  to  en- 
bridge  in  preference  to  the  Charlestown  courage  and  enable  us  to  go  through  the 
Ferry.     If  Newton  was  exempted  from  its  charge  of  the  repair  of  our  Great  Bridge." 
former  obligation,  it  was  manifestly  only  *  Mass.  Rec.,  xvi.  32. 

for  a  short  time.  5  Ibid.,  xvi.  54. 

3  Mass.  Rec.,  xv.4  53.     On  the  28th  of        6  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  xi.  280. 
the  following  January   the   town   voted 


198  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Cambridge  and  Boston,  of  which  the  profits  should  be  paid  to 
Harvard  College,  also  a  similar  petition  of  Hugh  Hall  and  others 
of  Boston,  and  a  petition  of  John  Staniford  of  Boston  for  liberty 
to  construct  a  bridge  from  a  point  near  the  copper  works  in  Bos- 
ton to  Col.  Phips'  farm  (now  East  Cambridge)  were  severally 
referred  to  the  next  General  Court,1  and  both  enterprises  were 
abandoned.  Nearly  fifty  years  afterwards,  Feb.  11,  1785,  the 
town  appointed  a  committee  "to  support  in  behalf  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  this  town  the  petition  of  Mr.  Andrew  Cabot  to  the 
General  Court,  now  sitting,  praying  leave  to  erect  at  his  own 
expense,  a  bridge  over  Charles  River,  from  Lechmere's  Point  in 
this  town  to  Barton's  Point,  or  such  other  place  in  West  Boston 
as  shall  be  thought  most  expedient ; "  and  to  demonstrate  that 
such  a  bridge  would  be  more  important  than  one  at  the  ferry- 
way,  as  petitioned  for  by  some  of  the  inhabitants  of  Charles- 
town.  This  effort  to  secure  a  direct  route  to  Boston  failed ;  the 
Charlestown  petition  was  granted,  March  9,  1785 ;  and  Charles 
River  Bridge  was  opened  with  imposing  ceremonies  on  the  17th 
of  June,  1786.  The  desired  accommodation  for  Cambridge,  how- 
ever, was  not  long  postponed.  In  the  "  Columbian  Centinel," 
Jan.  7, 1792,  appeared  this  advertisement :  — 

"  WEST  BOSTON  BRIDGE.  As  all  citizens  of  the  United  States 
have  an  equal  right  to  propose  a  measure  that  may  be  beneficial 
to  the  public  or  advantageous  to  themselves,  and  as  no  body  of 
men  have  an  exclusive  right  to  take  to  themselves  such  a  privilege, 
a  number  of  gentlemen  have  proposed  to  open  a  new  subscription 
for  the  purpose  of  building  a  bridge  from  West  Boston  to  Cam- 
bridge, at  such  place  as  the  General  Court  may  be  pleased  to 
direct.  A  subscription  for  two  hundred  shares  in  the  proposed 
bridge  will  this  day  be  opened  at  Samuel  Cooper's  office,  north 
side  of  the  State  House." 

This  subscription  "  was  filled  up  in  three  hours."  2  A  petition 
was  immediately  presented  to  the  General  Court,  and  on  the  9th 
of  March,  1792,  Francis  Dana  and  his  associates  were  incorpor- 
ated as  "The  Proprietors  of  the  West  Boston  Bridge,"  with 
authority  to  construct  a  bridge  "  from  the  westerly  part  of  Boston, 
near  the  Pest  House  (so  called),  to  Pelham's  Island  in  the  town 
of  Cambridge,"  with  a  "  good  road  from  Pelham's  Island  afore- 
said, in  the  most  direct  and  practicable  line,  to  the  nearest  part  of 
the  Cambridge  road,"  and  to  take  certain  specified  tolls  "  for  and 
during  the  term  of  forty  years  ;  "  and  they  were  required  to  "  pay 
1  Printed  Journal  House  of  Representatives.  2  Centinel,  Jan.  11,  1792. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  199 

annually  to  Harvard  College  or  University  the  sum  of  three  hun- 
dred pounds  during  the  said  term  of  forty  years."  1  On  the  22d 
of  March,  twelve  Directors  were  chosen,  and  preparations  made 
for  immediately  commencing  the  work.  Its  completion  was  an- 
nounced in  the  "Centinel,"  Wednesday,  Nov.  27,  1793:  "The 
Bridge  at  West  Boston  was  opened  for  passengers  &c.,  on  Satur- 
day last.  The  elegance  of  the  workmanship  and  the  magnitude 
of  the  undertaking  are  perhaps  unequalled  in  the  history  of  en- 
terprises. We  hope  the  Proprietors  will  not  suffer  pecuniary 
loss  from  their  public  spirit.  They  have  claims  on  the  liberality 
and  patronage  of  the  government ;  and  to  these  claims  govern- 
ment will  not  be  inattentive."  Dr.  Holmes,  who  witnessed  the 
building  of  the  bridge,  and  who  may  be  supposed  to  have  been 
familiar  with  the  details,  describes  it  as  "  a  magnificent  structure. 
It  was  erected  at  the  expense  of  a  company  incorporated  for  that 
purpose,  and  cost  76,700  dollars.  The  causeway,  on  the  Cam- 
bridge side,  was  begun  July  15,  1792  ;  the  wood-work,  April  8, 
1793.  The  bridge  was  opened  for  passengers,  Nov.  23,  1793, 
seven  months  and  an  half  from  the  time  of  laying  the  first  pier. 
It  is  very  handsomely  constructed  ;  and,  when  lighted  by  its  two 
rows  of  lamps,  extending  a  mile  and  a  quarter,  presents  a  vista 
which  has  a  fine  effect. 

"  It  stands  on  180  piers,  and  is  3483    feet  long. 

Bridge  over  the  Gore,  14  do.  275         do. 

Abutment,  Boston  side,  87£ 

Causeway,  3344 

Distance  from  the  end  of  the  causeway  to  the  first 

church  in  Cambridge,  7810 

Width  of  the  Bridge,  40 

"  It  is  railed  on  each  side,  for  foot  passengers.  The  sides  of  the 
causeway  are  stoned,  capstand  and  railed ;  and  on  each  side  there 
is  a  canal,  about  30  feet  wide."  2 

The  peculiar  circumstances  connected  with  the  construction  of 
Canal  (or  Craigie's)  Bridge  are  related  in  chapter  xii.  The 
sharp  rivalry  between  the  proprietors  of  West  Boston  and  Canal 

i  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  i.  361-364.     The  tended,  Feb.  27,1807  (iv.  76-81),  to  sev- 

corporators  were  Francis   Dana,   Oliver  enty  years  from  the  completion  of  Canal 

Wendell,  James   Sullivan,  Henry  Jack-  (or  Craigie's)  Bridge  ;  and  the  proprietors 

son,  Mungo  Mackay,  and  William  Wet-  of     that     bridge,    by    its    charter    then 

more.    By  a  subsequent  Act,  June  30,  granted,  were  required  to  contribute  one 

1792  (i.  394)  the  franchise  was  extended  half  of  the  annuity  payable  to  Harvard 

to  seventy  years,  and  the  annuity  to  Har-  College. 

vard  College  was  reduced  to  two  hundred  2  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  3,  4. 
pounds.     The   franchise  was  further  ex- 


200  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

Bridges,  and  between  land-owners  especially  benefited  by  the 
one  or  the  other,  resulted  in  the  erection  of  other  bridges  and  the 
opening  of  several  new  streets. 

PRISON  POINT  BRIDGE  is  said  to  have  been  erected  by  virtue 
of  a  charter,  granted  June  21,  1806,  to  Samuel  H.  Flagg  and 
others,  as  "  Proprietors  of  the  Prison  Point  Dam  Corporation," 
for  "  building  a  dam  from  Prison  Point  in  Charlestown  to  Lech- 
mere's  Point  in  Cambridge,  and  erecting  mills  on  the  same." 
No  dam  was  constructed  nor  mill  erected :  but  in  1815,  Prison 
Point  Bridge  was  built  for  the  benefit  of  Canal  Bridge  ;  and  this 
is  presumed  to  have  been  done  under  authority  of  the  charter  for 
a  dam  granted  in  1806,  partly  because  that  charter  authorized 
the  proprietors  to  construct  a  travelling  path  across  the  dam,  not 
less  than  thirty  feet  in  width,  and  partly  because  in  an  act  rela- 
tive to  the  Boston  and  Lowell  Railroad  Corporation,  March  5, 
1832,  Prison  Point  Bridge  is  repeatedly  called  "  the  Branch  or 
Prison  Point  Dam  Bridge." l  This  bridge  was  laid  out  as  a 
county  road  in  January,  1839. 

RIVER  STREET  BRIDGE  was  built  for  the  advantage  of  the 
West  Boston  Bridge  Proprietors  and  the  owners  of  real  estate  in 
Cambridgeport.  Jonathan  L.  Austin  and  others  were  incorpo- 
rated March  2,  1808,  for  the  purpose  of  building  this  bridge  and 
what  is  now  called  River  Street,  to  be  completed  within  two 
years ;  which  term  of  limitation  was  extended  one  year,  by  an 
act  passed  Feb.  13,  1810.2  The  bridge  and  road  were  soon  after- 
wards completed,  and  were  maintained  by  the  proprietors  until 
Nov.  12,  1832,  when  the  town  assumed  the  care  of  the  bridge, 
and  since  that  time  it  has  had  charge  of  both  bridge  and  road- 
way. 

THE  WESTERN  AVENUE  BRIDGE  was  built  by  the  proprietors 
of  West  Boston  Bridge,  under  authority  granted  by  an  act  passed 
June  12,  1824,3  empowering  them  to  build  a  turnpike  from  Cen- 
tral Square  to  Watertown ;  and  it  was  maintained  by  the  said 
proprietors,  until  they  sold  their  whole  franchise  to  the  Hancock 
Free  Bridge  Corporation. 

THE  BROOKLINE  BRIDGE  had  no  immediate  connection  with 
either  of  the  rival  bridges,  but  was  erected  for  the  benefit  and 
at  the  expense  of  persons  owning  real  estate  in  its  immediate 
vicinity.  By  an  act  passed  April  25,  1850,4  Sidney  Willard, 
Edmund  T.  Hastings,  Columbus  Tyler,  David  R.  Griggs,  and 

l  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  vii.  223.  3  Ibid.,  vi.  204. 

«  Ibid.,  iv.  147,  248.  *  Ibid.,  ix.  218. 


CIVIL    HISTORY.  201 

their  associates  were  "  empowered  to  erect  a  pile  bridge  over  the 
Charles  River  between  the  city  of  Cambridge  and  the  town  of 
Brookline,  from  points  at  or  near  the  old  wharf  or  embankment, 
which  is  near  where  the  Boston  and  Worcester  Railroad  passes 
under  a  bridge  on  the  Western  Avenue  (so  called)  to  the  oppo- 
site bank  of  the  river  in  Cambridge,"  and  to  receive  certain  rates 
of  toll  for  the  term  of  fifty  years.  By  mutual  agreement,  how- 
ever, and  by  permission  of  the  General  Court,  it  was  transferred 
to  the  city,  and  became  a  free  bridge,  in  1869  ;  and  since  that 
date  Cambridge  has  not  been  burdened  by  toll  bridges. 

West  Boston  and  Canal  Bridges  had  already  become  free,  long 
before  the  expiration  of  their  respective  charters.  In  1828,  the 
General  Court  discussed  the  propriety  of  purchasing  both  these 
bridges  and  making  them  free  at  an  early  day  ;  and  a  company 
was  incorporated  April  16,  1836,  for  the  accomplishment  of  the 
same  purpose ;  but  the  financial  disturbances  in  that  year  defeated 
the  project.  A  new  charter  was  granted  March  26,  1846,1  to 
Isaac  Livermore,  Charles  Valentine,  William  Reed,  and  their  as- 
sociates, as  proprietors  of  the  Hancock  Free  Bridge,  empowering 
them  to  build  a  bridge  across  Charles  River,  between  West  Bos- 
ton and  Canal  Bridges,  but  requiring  them  to  purchase  both  those 
bridges  if  their  proprietors  would  sell  them  at  a  price  to  be  de- 
termined by  three  disinterested  appraisers.  They  were  also  au- 
thorized to  receive  the  established  rates  of  toll,  until  the  outlay 
with  legal  interest  should  be  refunded,  over  and  above  all  ex- 
penses, and  a  fund  of  $150,000  should  be  secured  for  the  future 
maintenance  of  the  bridges  ;  after  which  they  should  become  the 
property  of  the  Commonwealth.  The  purchase  was  made  ;  and 
not  long  afterwards  both  bridges  were  thoroughly  rebuilt,  and  a 
considerable  portion  of  the  west  end  of  West  Boston  Bridge  was 
converted  into  a  solid  roadway.  By  an  act  passed  May  30, 1857,2 
the  proprietors  were  authorized  to  convey  both  bridges  to  the 
City  of  Cambridge,  to  be  forever  maintained  by  said  city  as 
free  bridges,  whenever  the  accumulated  fund  should  amount  to 
$100,000.  This  desirable  event  occurred  on  the  30th  of  January, 
1858,  when  the  legal  forms  of  transfer  and  acceptance  were  com- 
pleted, and  notices  were  posted  throughout  the  city,  to  wit :  — 

"  FREE  BRIDGES.     From  and  after  this  day,  Saturday,  Jan- 

1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  viii.  602.  bridge  and  Boston,  and  that  the  Bridges 

2  Ibid.,  x.  751.     By  a  subsequent  Act  should    thereafter   be   perpetually   main- 
(xii.  1020),  it  was  provided  that  the  fund  tained   by  the  two  cities,  at  a  like  equi- 
should  be  equitably  divided  between  Cam-  table  proportion  of  expense. 


202  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

uary  30,  1858,  the  West  Boston  and  Canal  Bridges  will  become 
free  public  avenues  forever.  The  Directors  of  the  Hancock  Free 
Bridge  Corporation  and  the  City  Government  of  Cambridge  will 
assemble  at  the  Athenaeum  l  on  Monday  next,  February  1,  1858, 
at  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.,  and,  preceded  by  the  Brigade  Band,  will 
proceed  in  carriages  to  the  two  Bridges,  which  will  be  sur- 
rendered to  the  City  of  Cambridge  by  the  Bridge  Corporation, 
The  bells  in  the  City  will  be  rung,  and  a  salute  fired.  All  per- 
sons desirous  to  join  the  procession  are  requested  to  assemble  at 
the  Athenaeum  at  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.  on  Monday  next." 

The  citizens  responded  to  this  invitation  in  great  numbers. 
A  procession,  more  than  a  mile  in  length,  and  escorted  by  the  Na- 
tional Lancers,  moved  from  the  City  Hall  through  Main  Street, 
over  West  Boston  Bridge,  through  Cambridge  Street,  Bowdoin 
Square,  Green  and  Seventh  streets,  over  Canal  Bridge,  through 
Bridge,  Cambridge,  Fifth,  Otis,  and  Third  streets,  Broadway, 
North  Avenue,  and  Waterhouse,  Garden,  Harvard,  and  Main 
Streets,  to  the  City  Hall,  where  a  collation  was  served,  and  con- 
gratulations were  exchanged.  In  the  procession  was  the  venerable 
Moses  Hadley,  who  had  been  toll-gatherer  on  West  Boston  Bridge 
more  than  fifty-four  years.  The  procession  was  saluted  with 
hearty  cheers  at  many  places  ;  and  it  did  not  forget  to  halt  at  the 
Washington  Elm,  while  the  Band  gave  enthusiastic  expression  to 
Washington's  Grand  March. 

Not  only  the  River  Street  and  Western  Avenue  bridges,  but 
most  of  the  thoroughfares  through  the  city,  which  were  opened 
during  many  years,  were  constructed  for  the  benefit  of  West 
Boston  or  Canal  Bridge.  Main  Street,  eastward  from  Columbia 
Street,  was  originally  a  causeway,  built  in  connection  with  West 
Boston  Bridge  ; 2  and  River  Street  and  Western  Avenue  were 
built  in  connection  with  the  bridges  bearing  the  same  names,  as 
already  described.  Concord  Avenue  was  originally  the  easterly 
end  of  the  Cambridge  and  Concord  Turnpike,  for  which  a  char- 
ter was  granted  March  8, 1803  ; 3  it  was  laid  out  as  a  free  highway 
in  May,  1829.  By  an  act  passed  March  8,  1805,  the  Cambridge 
and  Concord  Turnpike  Corporation  was  authorized  to  extend 
their  road  from  its  eastern  termination,  "near  to  the  house  of 
Jonas  Wyeth  in  Cambridge,  to  the  causeway  of  West  Boston 
Bridge,  near  the  house  of  Royal  Makepeace."4  This  portion 

1  The   same    building   which    is    now  cst  highways,  and  their  location  has  been 
called  the  City  Hall.  described  in  chapter  ii. 

2  Miiin  Street,  westward  from  Pleacant  8  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  iii.  181. 
Street,   Kirkland   Street,  North  Avenue,  *  Ibid.,  iii.  514. 

and  Brattle  Street,  were  among  the  earli- 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  203 

of  the  turnpike  was  also  laid  out  as  a  public  highway  in  May, 
1829,  and  it  is  now  known  as  Broadway.  Hampshire  Street  was 
the  easterly  end  of  the  Middlesex  Turnpike,  whose  charter  was 
granted  June  15, 1805  j1  so  much  of  that  turnpike  as  was  situated 
in  Cambridge  became  a  public  highway  in  September,  1842.  All 
these,  as  well  as  Webster  Avenue  (which  was  opened  before  1809, 
and  was  until  1860  called  Medford  Street),  were  constructed  as 
avenues  to  West  Boston  Bridge,  without  material  aid  or  opposi- 
tion from  the  town.  The  turnpikes  were  made  at  the  expense  of 
their  stockholders  and  others  interested  in  West  Boston  Bridge 
and  Cambridgeport  lands ;  and  Webster  Avenue,  by  the  parties 
specially  interested,  and  at  their  own  expense. 

But  when  Andrew  Craigie  had  completed  his  purchase  of  the 
Lechmere  or  Phips  estate,  and  was  ready  to  bring  it  into  the 
market  by  building  Canal  Bridge  to  connect  it  with  Boston,  a 
sharp  rivalry  between  him  and  his  associates  on  the  one  hand, 
and  the  proprietors  of  West  Boston  Bridge  and  the  Cambridge- 
port  residents  and  land-owners  on  the  other,  for  several  years 
kept  the  town  in  constant  excitement  and  turmoil.  Whenever 
either  party  desired  to  open  a  new  avenue  to  its  bridge,  it  was 
resolutely  opposed  by  the  other  party,  as  adverse  to  its  own  in- 
terest. The  majority  of  voters  sometimes  favored  one  party, 
sometimes  the  other.  All,  or  nearly  all,  the  desired  avenues 
were  at  last  obtained,  but  through  much  tribulation. 

The  severest  contest  between  the  two  parties  was  in  regard  to 
Mount  Auburn  Street  and  Cambridge  Street.  It  has  already 
been  stated  that  the  road  from  Cambridge  to  Watertown  for 
many  years  substantially  coincided  with  the  present  Brattle 
Street,  Elmwood  Avenue,  and  Mount  Auburn  Street.  To  shorten 
the  distance  between  Watertown  and  West  Boston  Bridge,  the 
Town  appointed  a  committee,  Dec.  26, 1805,  to  present  a  petition 
to  the  Court  of  Sessions  "  to  establish  the  road  as  now  laid  out 
from  the  garden  of  the  Hon.  Elbridge  Gerry  to  the  garden  of  the 
late  Thomas  Brattle,  Esq.  "  2  At  a  subsequent  meeting,  Feb.  17, 
1806,  the  other  party  triumphed,  and  the  committee  was  dis- 
charged. The  subject  was  again  discussed,  Nov.  17,  1806,  Mr. 
Craigie  having  offered  to  give  the  land  and  make  the  road  so  far 
as  it  crossed  his  farm,  if  the  town  would  establish  a  new  road 
from  Gerry's  corner  to  a  point  on  Brattle  Street,  nearly  opposite 
to  his  house  ; 3  the  town  voted  in  favor  of  establishing  such  a  road, 

1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws.,  iii.  61 1.  Street,   between   Elmwood   Avenue   and 

2  That  is,  the  present  Mount  Auburn     Brattle  Square. 

8  Such  a  road  would  continue  the  con- 


204  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  appointed  a  Committee  to  procure  the  discontinuance  of  the 
road  from  Gerry's  corner  to  Brattle's  garden.  On  the  27th  of 
May,  1807,  the  Selectmen  laid  out  the  road,  as  desired  by  Mr. 
Craigie ;  but  it  does  not  appear  that  the  town  accepted  it.  A 
year  later,  May  2,  1808,  the  West  Boston  Bridge  interest  was 
again  in  the  ascendant,  and  the  town  voted  (104  against  65)  to 
lay  out  Mount  Auburn  Street  (west  of  Brattle  Square),  appro- 
priated $3,000  to  defray  the  expense,  and  directed  the  Selectmen 
to  construct  the  road  immediately.  On  the  16th  of  May,  An- 
drew Craigie  and  thirty-five  others  protested  against  the  making 
of  the  road ;  and  it  would  seem  that  violent  measures  were 
adopted  to  prevent  it,  for  on  the  7th  of  June  following,  the  town, 
by  a  majority  of  116  against  71,  approved  what  the  Selectmen 
had  done,  directed  them  to  complete  the  work,  and  appointed 
them  as  a  committee  "  for  the  purpose  of  prosecuting  Andrew 
Craigie  and  others,  for  trespasses  committed,  or  which  may  here- 
after be  committed  by  him  or  others  upon  the  road"  before  de- 
scribed. In  continuation  of  this  road,  and  to  complete  a  nearly 
straight  avenue  from  the  Watertown  line  to  West  Boston  Bridge, 
the  town  voted,  Sept.  6,  1808,  to  lay  out  Mount  Auburn  Street, 
from  Holyoke  Street  to  Main  Street.  Meanwhile,  Mr.  Craigie 
made  several  efforts  to  have  Brattle  Street  laid  out  from  Fayer- 
weather  Street  to  "  Wyeth's  sign-post,"  which  stood  near  the 
present  junction  of  Brattle  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  to  coun- 
teract the  effect  of  opening  the  new  Mount  Auburn  Street  ;  this 
object  was  not  accomplished  until  September,  1812,  when  that 
portion  of  Brattle  Street  was  very  properly  laid  out,  —  not  by 
the  town,  however,  but  by  the  county,  as  a  county  road. 

What  is  now  known  as  Cambridge  Street  was  constructed  in 
the  interest  of  Mr.  Craigie  and  his  associates,  the  owners  of  Canal 
Bridge,  almost  the  whole  of  East  Cambridge,  and  a  portion  of 
Cambridgeport.  In  connection  with  William  Winthrop  and  the 
heirs  of  Francis  Foxcroft,  they  opened  and  graded  the  road  from 
Canal  Bridge  to  the  Common,  except  about  an  eighth  of  a  mile 
next  eastward  from  Elm  Street,  where  the  land  was  owned  by 
parties  having  an  adverse  interest.1  After  other  ineffectual  ef- 
forts to  have  the  road  completed  and  established  as  a  public 
highway,  a  petition  was  presented  by  Thomas  H.  Perkins  and 

nection  with  Mason   Street,  over  which  l  The  owners  were  Henry  Hill,  Kufus 

and  Cambridge  Street,  already  projected,  Davenport,    and    Hoyal    Makepeace,    all 

it  was  designed  to  conduct  the  travel  largely  interested  in  Cambridge-port  lands. 
toward  Lechmcre's  Point. 


CIVIL    HISTORY.  205 

fifty-two  others  to  the  General  Court,  June  6,  1809,  setting  forth, 
"  that  the  Canal  Bridge  across  Charles  River,  between  the  west 
end  of  Leverett  Street,  in  Boston,  and  Lechmere's  Point,  so  called, 
in  Cambridge,  was  begun  during  the  last  season,  and  great  prog- 
ress was  made  therein,  that  the  work  has  been  again  resumed 
this  spring,  and  is  now  pursued  with  great  spirit  and  alacrity,  so 
that  the  Bridge  will  probably  be  completed  and  ready  for  the 
accommodation  of  passengers  by  the  middle  of  July  next;  that 
there  is  not  now  any  public  highway  leading  to  the  west  end  of 
said  Bridge  ;  "  and  that  the  Court  of  Sessions,  for  lack  of  a  quo- 
rum of  disinterested  Justices,  had  failed  to  establish  such  a  public 
way.  "  Wherefore  your  petitioners  pray,  that  you  will  take 
their  peculiar  case  into  your  consideration,  and  provide  for  their 
relief,  either  by  appointing  a  committee  in  such  a  way  as  to  you 
may  seem  most  fit,  to  explore,  view,  and  mark  out  new  highways 
from  the  westerly  end  of  said  Bridge  to  communicate  with  the 
great  roads  into  the  country  at  such  places  as  will  best  comport 
with  common  convenience  and  the  public  good,  or  in  such  other 
way  as  you  in  your  wisdom  may  appoint ;  which  Committee  shall 
be  further  authorized  and  instructed  to  notify  all  persons  and  cor- 
porations who  may  be  in  any  wise  interested  and  affected  by  their 
proceedings,  of  the  time  and  places,  when  and  where  they  shall 
report ;  and  who  shall  make  their  report  to  the  Court  of  Sessions 
for  said  County  of  Middlesex,  or  to  some  other  tribunal  which 
may  be  authorized  finally  to  hear  all  persons  and  parties,  and  es- 
tablish such  new  highways  as  the  public  convenience  may  re- 
quire." An  order  of  notice  was  issued,  and  at  a  meeting  held  on 
the  12th  day  of  June,  "  the  following  order  was  taken  thereupon 
by  the  town  :  Whereas  a  road  has  been  laid  out  and  made  by 
Andrew  Craigie  and  others,  from  the  west  end  of  Canal  Bridge 
(so  called),  to  the  road  near  the  Colleges,  called  Cambridge  and 
Concord  Turnpike,  or  Concord  Street,  leading  to  Cambridge 
Common,  excepting  over  a  small  piece  of  land  belonging  to 
Henry  Hill  and  others,  which  prevents  a  communication  from 
said  Bridge  to  said  Common ;  therefore  voted,  that  the  Select- 
men be  authorized  and  directed  to  lay  out  a  road  or  way  over 
the  land  aforesaid  of  the  said  Hill  and  others,  of  the  same  width 
of  the  road  made  by  said  Craigie,  so  that  all  obstructions  may 
be  removed  to  the  opening  of  the  said  road  from  Canal  Bridge 
to  Cambridge  Common.  Voted,  that  a  committee  of  five  be 
appointed  to  prepare  and  present  a  petition  and  remonstrance 
against  the  petition  of  Thomas  H.  Perkins  and  others  to  the  Hon. 


206  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Legislature  of  this  Commonwealth  now  in  session,  and  to  state 
such  facts  and  to  petition  for  such  measures  in  regard  to  this 
matter  as  they  may  judge  proper.  Voted,  that  the  Committee 
consist  of  the  following  gentlemen:  Hon.  Francis  Dana,  Esq., 
Hon.  Elbridge  Gerry,  Esq.,  Hon.  Jonathan  L.  Austin,  Esq., 
Messrs.  Royal  Makepeace  and  John  Hayden." 

The  Committee,  thus  appointed,  presented  to  the  General 
Court  a  long  and  very  energetic  remonstrance,  a  copy  of  which 
remains  on  file  in  the  office  of  the  City  Clerk.  They  commence 
by  alleging  "  that  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  and  Cambridge- 
port  are  deeply  afflicted  by  the  incessant  machinations  and  in- 
trigues of  Mr.  Andrew  Craigie,  in  regard  to  roads  ; "  in  proof  of 
which  they  refer  to  the  fact  that,  at  the  last  session  of  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  Mr.  Craigie  caused  two  petitions  to  be  presented  for 
the  appointment  of  a  committee  with  extraordinary  powers  to 
lay  out  roads  in  Cambridge ;  that  these  petitions  "  seemed  by 
their  tenor  to  proceed  from  disinterested  persons,  whereas  some 
of  the  petitioners  were  proprietors  of  the  Canal  Bridge,  and 
others  deeply  interested  in  lands  connected  with  the  proposed 
roads  ;  and  Mr.  Craigie,  who  was  not  a  petitioner,  supported 
them  in  person  and  with  two  lawyers,  in  the  absence  of  all  the 
petitioners ;  these  two  petitions  being  manifestly,  as  the  remon- 
strants had  stated,  a  continuation  of  a  plan  of  him  and  his  coad- 
jutors, commenced  in  1797,  and  invariably  pursued  to  1809,  to 
turn  the  travel  to  that  quarter ;  and  the  same  game  he  is  evi- 
dently now  playing,  by  the  petition  signed  by  T.  H.  Perkins  and 
others."  "  That  such  a  petition,  viz.  to  lay  out  roads  without 
number,  with  courses  undefined,  by  a  committee  of  the  Legisla- 
ture, your  remonstrants  conceive,  never  was  before  offered  to 
any  Court,  Legislative  or  Judicial,  of  Massachusetts ; "  that  a 
Bill  reported  in  accordance  with  these  petitions,  was  rejected  ; 
"  that  the  principal  object  of  all  these  petitions,  viz.  to  open  a 
road  from  Mr.  Wyeth's  sign-post  to  Mr.  Fayerweather's  corner,1 
has  been  three  times  before  the  Court  of  Sessions  of  Middlesex, 
has  been  as  often  rejected  by  it,  and  has  been  once  suppressed 
after  it  had  obtained  by  intrigue  and  surprise  the  sanction  of  that 
honorable  Court ;  and  it  is  now  a  fifth  time  pending  in  the  exist- 
ing Court  of  Sessions  of  that  County  ;  that  the  petition  of  T.  H. 
Perkins  and  others  prays  for  a  committee  to  explore,  view,  and 
mark  out  new  highways  from  the  westerly  end  of  the  Canal 
Bridge  to  communicate  with  the  great  roads  into  the  country," 
l  Namely,  Brattle  Street,  from  Fresh  Pond  Lane  to  Fayerweather  Street. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  207 

etc. ;  "  that  this  petition  is  predicated  on  the  feeble  pretence  that 
there  is  not  any  public  highway  leading  to  the  west  end  of  said 
Bridge,  —  an  highway  which  Mr.  Craigie  has  ever  had  it  in  his 
power,  by  a  petition  to  the  town,  to  attain,  and  which  is  now 
ordered  by  a  vote  of  the  town,  by  removing  every  obstacle  to  be 
laid  out  and  established."  This  remonstrance  was  effectual ;  the 
committee,  to  whom  the  petition  was  referred,  reported  that  "  it 
is  inexpedient  for  the  Legislature  to  appoint  any  Committee  to 
view  or  mark  out  any  of  the  highways  aforesaid  ;  "  and  the  re- 
port was  accepted. 

Agreeably  to  the  vote  of  the  town,  before  recited,  the  Select- 
men laid  out  a  road  over  the  lands  of  Hill  and  others,  so  as  to 
make  a  continuous  avenue  from  Canal  Bridge  to  Cambridge 
Common  ;  and  the  road  was  accepted  by  the  town  July  10,  1809. 
But  this  was  not  satisfactory  to  Mr.  Craigie  ; 1  and  on  the  fol- 
lowing day  (July  11)  he  presented  a  petition  to  the  Court  of 
Sessions,  that  a  road  might  be  "  laid  out  from  the  west  end  of 
the  Canal  Bridge  in  a  straight  line  through  the  lands  of  Andrew 
Craigie,  Henry  Hill,  Aaron  Hill,2  Rufus  Davenport,  Royal  Make- 
peace, William  Winthrop,  Harvard  College,  and  John  Phillips, 
over  what  is  called  Foxcroft  Street,  to  the  Common  in  said  Cam- 
bridge, and  over  and  across  said  Common  to  or  near  the  house  of 
Deacon  Josiah  Moore,"  which  "road  is  already  made  over  the 
whole  of  it,  except  a  few  rods  only."  This  petition  was  referred 
to  a  committee,  who  reported  in  its  favor,  Aug.  1,  1809  ;  where- 
upon another  committee  was  appointed,  who  reported  Sept.  11, 
the  laying  out  of  the  road,  with  a  schedule  of  land  damages 
amounting  to  $2,055  ;  whereof  the  sum  of  $1,327  was  awarded 
to  Andrew  Craigie,  and  $292  to  William  Winthrop. 

The  town,  considering  it  to  be  unreasonable  that  Mr.  Craigie 
should  claim  and  receive  damages  for  land  used  in  the  construc- 
tion of  a  road  which  he  so  much  desired,  and  for  which  he  had 
so  long  been  earnestly  striving,  petitioned  the  Court  of  Sessions 
in  December,  1809,  for  the  appointment  of  a  jury,  "to  determine 
whether  any  and  what  damages  said  Craigie  has  sustained  by 
means  of  said  road,"  alleging  "  that  in  fact  said  Craigie  sustained 
no  damages."  At  the  next  term  of  the  Court,  in  March,  1810, 
it  was  ordered  that  a  jury  be  empanelled,  and  at  the  next  term 
in  June,  Edward  Wade,  Coroner,  returned  the  verdict  of  the 

1  The  road,  as  laid  out  by  the  town,     strutted  by  Mr.  Craigie,  and  no  damages 
did  not  include  the  portion  already  con-    were  awarded. 

2  No  land  of  Aaron  Hill  was  taken. 


208  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

jury,  and  the  case  was  continued  to  December,  when  the  verdict 
was  set  aside  by  the  Court,  and  it  was  ordered  that  another  jury 
be  empanelled.  The  case  was  then  continued  to  March,  and 
again  to  June,  1811,  when  Nathan  Fiske,  Coroner,  returned  the 
verdict  of  the  jury,  which  the  Court  set  aside,  and  continued  the 
case  to  the  next  September,  when  neither  party  appeared. 

On  petition  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  setting  forth  that  two 
cases  in  which  said  town  was  petitioner  for  a  jury  to  assess  the 
damages,  if  any,  suffered  by  Andrew  Craigie  and  William  Win- 
throp  for  "  land  taken  for  the  highway  from  the  Canal  Bridge  to 
Cambridge  Common,"  had  accidentally  been  dropped  from  the 
docket  of  the  Court  of  Sessions,  and  praying  relief,  the  General 
Court,  June  22,  1812,  ordered  the  Court  of  Sessions  "  to  restore 
said  cases  to  the  docket,"  and  to  proceed  uas  if  they  had  never 
been  dismissed  therefrom."  Accordingly,  on  the  records  of  the 
Court  of  Sessions,  Jan.  5, 1813,  the  former  proceedings  are  recited, 
together  with  the  action  of  the  General  Court,  and  a  mandamus 
from  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court,  requiring  the  Court  of  Sessions 
at  this  January  Term,  to  "  accept  ar/d  cause  to  be  recorded  the 
verdict  aforesaid,  according  to  the  law  in  such  case  made  and  pro- 
vided, or  signify  to  us  cause  to  the  contrary."  The  record 
proceeds  thus :  "  And  on  a  full  hearing  of  the  parties  in  the 
premises,  the  Court  here  do  accept  said  verdict,  and  do  order  that 
it  be  recorded ;  which  verdict  is  as  follows :  We,  David  Town- 
send  jr.,  Thomas  Biglow,  Thomas  Sanderson,  Nathaniel  Brown, 
William  Wellington  jr.,  Jonas  Brown,  Ephraim  Peirce,  Jacob 
Gale,  Moses  Fuller,  Thadeus  Peirce,  Arthur  Train,  and  Gregory 
Clark,  having  been  summoned,  empanelled,  and  as  a  jury  sworn 
to  hear  and  determine  on  the  complaint  of  the  town  of  Cambridge 
against  Andrew  Craigie,  have  heard  the  parties,  duly  considered 
their  several  allegations,  and  on  our  oaths  do  say,  that,  by  the 
laying  out  and  establishing  of  the  highway  from  Cambridge  Com- 
mon to  Canal  Bridge,  and  by  the  passage  of  the  same  highway 
over  lands  of  Andrew  Craigie,  the  said  Craigie  has  sustained  no 
damage."  It  may  be  added,  that  the  same  proceedings  were 
had  in  regard  to  the  damage  awarded  to  William  Winthrop  ;  and 
the  jury,  in  like  manner,  determined  that  "  the  said  Winthrop 
has  sustained  no  damage." 

Thus  ended  the  exciting  contest  concerning  Mount  Auburn 
and  Cambridge  streets.  I  have  entered  so  fully  into  the  details, 
partly  because  they  illustrate  the  character  of  the  long-continued 
rivalry  between  the  two  bridges,  but  chiefly  because  I  have  been 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  209 

assured  by  the  late  Abraham  Milliard,  Esq.,  that  in  the  trial  of 
the  Cambridge  Street  case,  the  principle  of  law  was  first  announced 
and  established  in  the  courts  of  this  Commonwealth,  that  the 
damage  which  a  land  owner  sustains  by  the  taking  of  his  land  for 
a  highway,  and  the  benefit  which  he  derives  from  its  construction, 
shall  be  equitably  adjusted,  and  offset  against  each  other  ;  and 
if  the  benefit  be  equal  to  the  damage,  he  shall  receive  nothing 
more. 

14 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

CIVIL   HISTORY. 

ALTHOUGH  Cambridge  was  early  abandoned  as  the  seat  of  gov- 
ernment, it  maintained  from  the  beginning  a  prominent  rank 
among  the  towns  in  the  Colony.  It  was  designated,  before  the 
establishment  of  counties,  as  one  of  the  four  towns  in  which 
Judicial  Courts  should  be  held.  Having  until  that  time  exercised 
the  whole  power  of  the  Colony,  both  legislative  and  judicial,  the 
General  Court  ordered,  March  3,  1635-6,  "  That  there  shall  be 
four  courts  kept  every  quarter;  1.  at  Ipswich,  to  which  Newe- 
berry  shall  belong ;  2.  at  Salem,  to  which  Saugus  shall  belong ; 
3.  at  Newe  Towne,  to  which  Charlton,  Concord,  Meadford,  and 
Waterton  shall  belong;  4th,  at  Boston,  to  which  Rocksbury, 
Dorchester,  Weymothe,  and  Hingham  shall  belong.  Every  of 
these  Courts  shall  be  kept'  by  such  magistrates  as  shall  be  dwell- 
ing in  or  near  the  said  towns,  and  by  such  other  persons  of  worth 
as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  appointed  by  the  General  Court, 
so  as  no  court  shall  be  kept  without  one  magistrate  at  the  least 
and  that  none  of  the  magistrates  be  excluded,  who  can  and  will 
intend  the  same." i  And  when  the  Colony  was  divided  into 
counties,  May  10,  1643,2  the  courts  continued  to  be  held  in 
Cambridge,  as  the  shire-town  of  Middlesex.  As  "  the  business  of 
the  courts  there  is  much  increased,"  it  was  ordered,  Oct.  19, 
1652,  that  two  additional  sessions  should  be  held  for  that  county 
in  each  year,  both  at  Charlestown.  These  courts  were  continued 
for  many  years,  and  a  court  house  and  jail  were  erected  in  that 
town.  At  a  later  date,  courts  were  established  and  similar  build- 
ings erected  in  Concord,  and  also,  at  a  comparatively  recent  day, 
at  Lowell.  All  these  places  were  regarded  as  "  half-shires  "  ;  but 
the  County  Records  were  never  removed  from  Cambridge,  as  the 
principal  shire,  except  as  follows  :  During  the  usurpation  of 
Sir  Edmund  Andros,  he  appointed  Capt.  Laurence  Hammond 
of  Charlestown  to  be  Clerk  of  the  Courts  and  Register  of  Probate 
1  Mass.  Col.  Rec..  \.  169.  *  /&«/.,  \\.  38. 


•   CIVIL   HISTORY.  211 

and  Deeds,  who  removed  the  records  to  Charlestown.  After  the 
revolution  and  the  resumption  of  government  under  the  forms  of 
the  old  Charter,  Captain  Hammond  denied  that  the  existing 
courts  had  any  legal  authority,  and  refused  to  surrender  the  rec- 
ords which  were  in  his  possession.  The  General  Court  there- 
fore ordered,  Feb.  18,  1689—90,  "  that  Capt.  Laurence  Hammond 
deliver  to  the  order  of  the  County  Court  for  Middlesex  the  rec- 
ords of  that  county  ;  that  is  to  say,  all  books  and  files  by  him 
formerly  received  from  Mr.  Danforth,  sometime  Recorder  of  that 
County,  as  also  all  other  books  of  record,  and  files  belonging  to 
said  county  in  his  custody."  1  A  year  afterwards,  Feb.  4, 1690-1, 
the  Marshal  General  was  directed  to  summon  Captain  Hammond 
to  appear  and  show  cause  why  he  had  not  surrendered  the  Mid- 
dlesex Records  ;  and  on  the  next  day,  he  "  peremptorily  denying 
to  appear,"  the  General  Court  ordered  the  Marshal  General  to 
arrest  him  forthwith,  with  power  to  break  open  his  house  if  nec- 
essary.2 The  records  were  at  length  surrendered.  Again,  at  a 
town  meeting,  May  11,  1716,  an  attempt  was  made  to  reclaim 
missing  records :  "  Whereas  the  Register's  office  in  the  County 
of  Middlesex  is  not  kept  in  our  town  of  Cambridge,  which  is  a 
grievance  unto  us,  Voted,  that  our  Representative  be  desired  to 
represent  said  grievance  to  the  honorable  General  Court,  and  in- 
treat  an  Act  of  said  Court  that  said  office  may  forthwith  be  re- 
moved into  our  town,  according  to  law,  it  being  the  shire-town  in 
said  county."3  By  the  records  of  the  General  Court  it  appeal's 
that  on  the  8th  of  June,  1716,  Colonel  Goffe  complained  that  no 
office  for  the  registry  of  deeds  was  open  in  Cambridge,  being  the 
shire-town  of  Middlesex  ;  the  Representative  of  Charlestown  in- 
sisted that  his  town  was  the  shire  ;  and  a  hearing  was  ordered.4 
A  week  afterwards,  June  15,  "  upon  hearing  of  the  towns  of  Cam- 
bridge and  Charlestown  as  to  their  respective  claims  of  being  the 
shire-town  of  the  County  of  Middlesex,  resolved  that  Cambridge 
is  the  shire-town  of  said  County.  Read  and  non-concurred  by  the 
Representatives."  5  The  case  between  the  two  towns  being  again 
heard,  June  13,  1717,  it  was  resolved  by  the  whole  court,  that 
"  Cambridge  is  the  shire-town  of  the  said  county ;  "  6  and  on  the 
following  day  it  was  voted  in  concurrence  "  that  the  public  office 
for  registering  of  deeds  and  conveyances  of  lands  for  the  County 

1  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  vi.  117.  of  Deeds,  and  kept  his  office  and  the  rec- 

2  Ibid.,  vi.  173.  ords  in  Charlestown  up  to  this  time. 
8  Samuel  Phipps,  Esq.,  of  Charlestown,         *  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  x.  63. 

succeeded  Captain  Hammond  as  Register        6  Ibid.,  p.  68. 

6  Ibid.,  p.  145. 


212  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  Middlesex  be  forthwith  opened  and  kept  at  the  shire-town  of 
Cambridge."  l  This  order  was  immediately  obeyed. 

I  have  not  ascertained  when  or  where  the  house  was  erected 
in  which  the  judicial  courts  were  first  held  in  Cambridge.  It 
seems  to  have  been  burned  in  1671.  In  the  Court  Files  of  that 
year,  is  a  document  commencing  thus  :  "  At  a  County  Court 
held  at  Cambridge,  4  (8)  1671.  After  the  burning  of  the  Court 
House,  wherein  was  also  burnt  the  Court  Book  of  Records  for 
trials,  and  several  deeds,  wills  and  inventories,  that  have  been  de- 
livered into  Court  before  the  fire  was  kindled,"  etc.  2  The  Court 
afterwards  passed  this  order :  "  Upon  information  that  several 
Records  belonging  to  this  County  were  casually  burnt  in  the 
burning  of  the  house  where  the  Court  was  usually  kept,  this 
Court  doth  order  that  the  Recorder  take  care  that  out  of  the  foul 
copies  and  other  scripts  in  his  custody  he  fairly  draw  forth  the 
said  Records  into  a  Book,  and  present  the  same  to  the  County 
Court,  when  finished :  and  that  the  Treasurer  of  the  County  do 
allow  him  for  the  same." 3  The  first  Court  House  of  which  we 
have  any  definite  knowledge,  was  erected,  about  1708,  in  Har- 
vard Square,  nearly  in  front  of  the  present  Lyceum  Hall.4  It  ap- 
pears by  the  Proprietors'  Records  that  "  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Proprietors  of  Cambridge,  orderly  convened,  the  26  day  of  Jan- 
uary 1707-8,  —  Voted,  That  the  land  where  Mr.  John  Bunker's 
shop  now  stands,  with  so  much  more  as  will  be  sufficient  to  erect 
the  Court  House  upon  (to  be  built  in  this  town),  be  granted  for 
that  end,  in  case  a  Committee  appointed  by  the  Proprietors  do 
agree  with  Andrew  Bordman  and  John  Bunker  for  building 
a  lower  story  under  it  ....  Deac.  Nathaniel  Hancock,  Jason 
Russell,  and  Lieut.  Amos  Marrett,  were  chosen  a  committee  to 
agree  with  said  Bunker  and  Bordman  about  building  under  the 
said  house." 

The  Committee  reported,  Feb.  9,  1607-8 :  "  Pursuant  to 
the  aforesaid  appointment,  we,  the  subscribers  above  mentioned, 
have  agreed  with  and  granted  liberty  unto  the  said  John  Bunker 
and  Andrew  Bordman  to  make  a  lower  room  under  the  said 

1  Mass.  Prov.  Rec.,  x.  147.  on  a  pen  and  ink  plan  drawn  about  1750, 

2  The  volume  which  was  burned  con-  and  here  reproduced  by  permission  of  its 
tained  the  Records  after  October,  1663,  up  owner,  Henry  Wheailand,  M.  D.,  of  Sa- 
to October  4,  1671.  lem.     The  Court   House  (called   Town- 

8  County  Court  Rec.,  ill.  173.  house  on  the  plan)  stood   further   south 
4  This  Court   House  stood  where  the  than  is  here  represented,  —  its  northerly 
Market  House  was  erected  more  than  a  end  being  several  feet  south  of  the  south- 
century  later.    Its  position  is   indicated  erly  front  of  the  meeting-house. 


Meeting  house. 
Town  house. 
Coledge. 
Mr.  Moris1  house. 
Mr.  Whitemores  house 
Mr.  Stedmans  house. 
Schol  house. 
Mr.  Foxcroftes  house. 
Mr.  Bradishes  house. 
Presidents  house. 
The  burying  place. 
Col.  Bratles  house. 
Dr.  Wigglesworths. 
Mr.  Appletons. 


CAMBRIDGE 

ABOUT   1750. 


CAMBff/DGE 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  213 

house  (which  we  apprehend  will  be  about  thirty  foot  in  length 
and  twenty-four  foot  in  width),  the  said  lower  room  to  be  about 
seven  or  eight  foot  stud,  betwixt  joints,  with  a  cellar  under  the 
whole  of  the  said  house  ;  the  aforesaid  lower  room  and  cellar  to 
be  for  the  use  of  the  said  John  Bunker  and  Andrew  Bordman, 
their  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  excepting  an  entry  through  the 
middle  of  the  said  lower  room,  of  about  six  foot  wide,  and  a 
stairway  for  passage  into  the  said  Court  House,  or  chamber,  as 
the  committee  for  building  the  same  shall  see  meet ;  the  remain- 
der of  the  said  lower  room  and  the  whole  of  the  said  cellar  to  be 
for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  said  John  Bunker  and  Andrew 
Bordman,  their  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  as  aforesaid.  It  is  the 
true  intent  and  meaning  of  this  agreement,  that  the  said  John 
Bunker  and  Andrew  Bordman  shall,  at  their  own  cost  and  charge, 
build  the  cellar  and  lower  room  aforesaid,  and  finish  the  same  up 
to  the  girts,  and  keep  so  much  of  the  said  buildings  as  appertains 
to  them  the  said  Bunker  and  Bordman,  viz.,  up  to  the  girts  afore- 
said, in  good  repair,  at  all  times,  on  penalty  of  paying  treble 
damage  that  the  upper  room  may  sustain  by  reason  of  the  said 
Bunker  andBordman's  neglect  in  causing  their  part  of  said  build- 
ing to  be  kept  in  good  repair,"  etc.  The  County  Court  had 
previously  "  Ordered,  that  there  be  allowed  out  of  the  County 
Treasury  towards  the  erecting  a  suitable  Court  House  for  the  use 
of  the  County  in  the  town  of  Cambridge,  thirty  pounds,  the  one 
half  thereof  to  be  paid  at  the  raising  and  covering,  and  the  other 
half  at  the  finishing  of  the  same  ;  the  said  house. to  be  not  less 
than  four  and  twenty  foot  wide  and  eight  and  twenty  foot  long, 
and  of  height  proportionable."  l  This  house,  diminutive  as  its 
proportions  now  appear,  was  used  by  the  courts  for  about  half  a 
century.  But  in  1756  the  Court  of  Sessions  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  provide  better  accommodations,  either  by  enlarging  and 
repairing  the  old  house  or  erecting  a  new  one.  Whereupon  the 
town,  Nov.  2,  1756,  declared  by  vote  its  willingness  to  pay  its 
customary  proportion  of  the  cost  of  a  "  new  Court  House,  to  be 
erected,  of  such  model  and  dimensions,  and  in  such  place  in  the 
town,  as  the  Committee  of  said  Court  shall  judge  most  suitable 
and  commodious  :  provided  the  materials  of  the  old  meeting-house 
now  about  to  be  taken  down,  be  given  and  applied  (so  far  as 
they  shall  be  wanted)  to  that  use,  together  with  the  town's  pro- 
portion of  the  present  Court  House."  On  the  29th  of  the  same 
month,  the  Proprietors  voted  to  grant  land,  "  not  exceeding  one 

1  Sessions  Records,  April  23,  1707. 


214  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

quarter  of  an  acre,  whereon  to  erect  a  new  Court  House,"  the 
place  to  be  determined  by  a  joint  committee  of  the  proprietors, 
of  the  town,  and  of  the  Court  of  Sessions.  At  length  a  lot  of 
land,  where  Lyceum  Hall  now  stands,  was  purchased  of  Caleb 
Prentice,  who  conveyed  the  same  Nov.  5, 1757,  to  William  Brat- 
tle, Andrew  Bordman,  and  Edmund  Trowbridge,  for  the  use  of 
the  town  of  Cambridge,  and  county  of  Middlesex,  "  for  erecting 
and  continuing  a  Court  House  upon  forever  hereafter."  On  this 
lot  a  house  was  erected,  more  spacious  than  the  former,  and  was 
occupied  by  the  courts  more  than  half  a  century.  An  attempt 
was  afterwards  made  to  erect  another  edifice  in  the  centre  of  Har- 
vard Square  ;  and  the  Proprietors  voted,  June  14,  1784,  "  to  give 
and  grant  to  the  town  of  Cambridge,  for  ever,  so  much  land  ad- 
joining to  the  land  on  which  the  old  Court  House  stood  (which 
was  nearly  opposite  to  where  the  present  Court  House  stands), 
as  shall  be  sufficient  to  make  up  a  piece  forty  six  feet  square  ; 
....  including  and  surrounding  the  land  on  which  the  old 
Court  House  stood  (which  was  thirty  feet  by  twenty-four  feet), 
for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  building  to  keep  the  County  Records 
and  hold  the  Probate  Courts  in."  l  It  does  not  appear,  how- 
ever, that  any  such  building  was  erected.  An  ineffectual  attempt 
was  also  made  in  1806  by  prominent  men  in  Cambridgeport  to 
induce  the  County  to  erect  a  court  house  on  the  easterly  side  of 
what  was  long  called  the  "  meeting-house  lot,"  bounded  by 
Broadway,  and  Bordman,  Harvard,  and  Columbia  streets. 
Andrew  Craigie  and  his  associates  were  more  successful.  Having 
given  ample  grounds,  and  erected  a  court  house  and  jail  at  an 
expense  of  $24,000,  as  related  in  chapter  xiii.,  they  were  re- 
warded by  the  removal  of  the  courts  and  records  in  1816  to  the 
edifices  prepared  for  them,  where  they  remain  to  this  day.  The 
old  Court  House  having  been  abandoned  by  the  County  was 
used  for  town  and  parish  purposes  until  April  19, 1841,  when  the 
town  quitclaimed  all  its  right  and  interest  in  the  house  and  the 
lot  (containing  about  ten  perches)  of  land  on  which  it  stood  for  the 
nominal  consideration  of  one  dollar,  to  Omen  S.  Keith  and  others, 
in  trust  for  the  use  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Lyceum  Hall  to  be 
erected  on  the  premises  ;  provided,  nevertheless,  that  the  grantees 
"  do  and  shall  forever  grant  and  secure  to  the  town  the  right  of 
the  inhabitants  of  the  first  Ward  in  said  Cambridge  to  the  use  of 
the  Hall  for  all  necessary  meetings  of  the  voters  in  said  Ward." 
The  old  Court  House  was  soon  afterwards  removed  to  Palmer 
Street ;  it  still  remains,  being  occupied  for  secular  purposes. 
1  Proprietors'  Records. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  215 

The  earliest  notice  which  I  have  found  of  a  place  of  imprison- 
ment in  Cambridge  is  contained  in  the  following  report,  preserved 
in  the  Middlesex  Court  Files  :  — 

"  January  the  7th  1655.  Wee,  whose  names  are  underwritten, 
being  appoynted  by  the  County  Cort  of  Middlesex  to  provide  a 
house  of  Correction,  with  a  fit  person  to  keep  the  same,  do  make 
our  return  to  the  honored  Court  as  followeth  :  Impr.  Wee  have 
bargained  and  bought  of  Andrew  Stevenson  of  Cambridge  his 
dwelling  house  with  about  half  a  rood  of  land  adjoyning  to  the 
same,  being  bounded  with  Mr.  Collines  on  the  north  and  east, 
and  the  highway  on  west  and  south,1  with  all  the  appurtenances 
and  privileges  thereoff;  the  said  Andrew  hereby  covenanting  and 
promising,  for  him  and  his  heyres  to  make  legal  conveyance 
thereoff  to  the  County  when  thereunto  demanded.  In  consid- 
eration whereoff  we  do  covenant  with  the  said  Andrew  Steven- 
son, his  heyres  and  assignes  to  pay  and  satisfie  to  him  or  his 
assignes  sixteen  pounds  in  cattle  or  18U  in  corne,  at  or  before  the 
first  of  May  next ;  and  at  the  same  time  the  said  Andrew  to  de- 
liver his  house  in  as  good  repaire  as  now  it  is  for  the  use  of  the 
County.  Also  wee  have  agreed  with  our  brother  Edward  Goffe 
to  errect  an  addition  thereunto,  in  length  26  foote  and  in  propor- 
tion to  the  other  house,  and  a  stack  of  chimneys  in  the  midle, 
and  to  finish  the  same  as  may  be  most  sutable  for  the  work  and 
end  proposed.  Also,  wee  do  desire  the  honored  Court  to  allow 
unto  our  brother  Andrew  Stevenson  (who  hath  willingly  at  our 
request  yelded  himselfe  to  the  service  of  the  County  in  that  place) 
such  an  annual  stipend  as  may  be  due  incouragement  to  continue 
the  same  with  all  diligence  and  faithf nines,  according  as  need 
shall  require.  EPHRAIM  CHILD, 

EDWARD  JACKSON, 
RALPH  MOUSELL, 
EDWARD  GOFFE." 

On  the  other  side  is  endorsed, —  "  This  witnesseth  that  I,  An- 
drew Stevenson,  do  consent  to  the  within  named  propositions  and 
covenant,  as  witnes  my  hand  this  7th.  llmo.  1655.2 

ANDREW  A.  8.  STEVENSON." 

1  The   House  of  Correction  stood  on  was  reconveyed  to  Stevenson,  whose  heirs 

the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  about  sold   it  to  Jonathan  Nutting,  March  25, 

two  hundred  feet  northerly  from  the  pres-  1695. 

ent   location   of  Mount   Auburn  Street.  2  By  the  Court  Records  and  Fjles,  it 

After  the  erection  of  a  jail,   this  estate  appears  that  the  House  of  Correction  or 


216 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


In  October,  1660,  the  County  Court  ordered,  that  the  House 
of  Correction,  or  Bridewell,  should  be  used  as  a  prison  for  the 
County,  until  further  provision  be  made.  Such  provision  was 
made  by  the  erection  of  a  jail l  before  Aug.  26,  1692,  when  it 
was  ordered  by  the  Court,  "  that  the  County  Treasurer  take  care 
that  their  majesties  Goal  at  Cambridge  be  repaired,  for  the  com- 
fortable being  of  what  persons  may  be  committed  forthwith."  2 
It  was  also  ordered,  Dec.  14,  1703,  "  that  an  addition  be  made  to 
the  prison  at  the  west  end  thereof,  of  eighteen  foot  square,  with 
studs  conformable  to  the  old  house."  A  dozen  years  later,  the 
old  part  of  the  prison  became  so  unsatisfactory,  that  the  Court 
appointed  "  a  committee  to  agree  with  carpenters  and  other 
workmen  to  erect  and  build  a  good  well-timbered  house  in  Cam- 
bridge for  a  Prison,  for  the  accommodation  of  a  keeper,  to  be 
thirty-six  foot  long,  and  for  width  agreeable  to  the  foundation 
of  the  old  Goal  or  Prison,  two  storeys  high,  fifteen  foot  stud,  with 
a  stack  of  chyrnneys  in  the  middle,  to  be  done  and  finished  work- 
manlike, as  soon  as  may  be  conveniently  effected Further 

ordered,  that  Coll.  Edmund  Goffe,  the  present  Sheriff,  repaire 


Bridewell  was  erected  in  1656.  Andrew 
Stevenson  was  the  prison  keeper  from 
1656  to  1672;  William  Healy,  from  1672 
to  1682,  when  he  was  removed  from  of- 
fice; Daniel  Cheever,  from  1682  untilhe 
was  succeeded  in  office  by  his  son  Israel 
Cheever  about  1693.  In  1691,  the  prison- 
keeper  presented  a  petition  for  relief, 
which  is  inserted,  as  characteristic  of  that 
period :  — 

"  To  the  honored  Court  for  the  County 
of  Middlesex,  holden  in  Cambridge  by 
adjournment  this  llth  day  of  May  1691, 
the  petition  of  Daniel  Cheever,  keeper  of 
the  Prison  in  Cambridge  humbly  sheweth, 
That  your  poor  petitioner  is  in  great 
straits  and  want  at  present,  by  reason 
that  his  salary  hath  not  been  paid  hi.n 
for  some  considerable  time  past,  and  hav- 
ing a  considerable  family  depending  on 
him  for  maintenance,  he  is  compelled  to 
make  his  complaint  to  this  honored  Court, 
hoping  to  find  relief,  begging  some  order 
may  be  taken  speedily  for  his  supply, 
which  otherwise  cannot  be  done  without 
great  loss  and  damage  to  your  petitioner ; 
and  he  would  further  inform  this  Court, 
that  George  Newbe,  who  is  under  bond  to 
pay  a  fine  imposed  on  him  by  this  Court, 


hath  a  pair  of  young  oxen  which  he 
would  part  with,  in  order  to  said  pay- 
ment; which  oxen  your  petitioner  desires 
he  may  have,  and  then  would  put  off  his 
old  oxen  to  help  supply  him  with  neces- 
saries for  his  family.  Also  he  further 
desires  to  add  that  Sylvester  Hayes  hath 
lain  upon  him  this  many  months,  without 
any  consideration  from  Charlestown, 
which  your  petitioner  is  not  able  to 
bear,  therefore  desires  redress  of  this 
honored  Court  in  this  particular  also. 
But  not  further  to  be  troublesome,  your 
petitioner  earnestly  requests  your  serious 
consideration  of  what  is  premised,  and 
remains  your  Honors'  most  humble  ser- 
vant." —  Court  Files. 

1  The  jail  stood  on  the  northerly  side 
of  Winthrop   Street,  between  Winthrop 
Square  and  Eliot  Street;   and  this  con- 
tinued to  be  the  place  for  imprisonment 
until    the    new    county    buildings    were 
erected  at  East  Cambridge. 

2  This  was  when  the  witchcraft  excite- 
ment was  at  its  extreme  height,  and  the 
prisons  in   several  counties  were  put  in 
requisition  to  confine  the  unhappy  victims 
who  were  accused  in  Essex. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  217 

the  chymneys  in  the  new  Goal,  and  what  also  may  be  needfull 
for  the  reception  of  and  securing  of  criminals." 

Until  1720,  the  "  Common  "  extended  to  Linnaean  Street,  and 
included  also  a  few  acres,  lying  in  a  nearly  square  form,  at  the 
northwesterly  corner  of  Linnaean  Street  and  North  Avenue.1  This 
extreme  point  of  the  Common  was  set  apart  as  a  "  Place  of  Ex- 
ecution," or  "  Gallows  Lot,"  as  it  was  more  familiarly  called. 
And  after  the  Common  was  reduced  to  its  present  size,  and  the 
lots  in  this  square  fronting  on  the  streets,  had  been  granted  to  in- 
dividuals, about  one  acre  in  its  extreme  northwesterly  corner  was 
reserved  for  its  former  use,  until  trials,  and  imprisonments,  and 
executions  were  transferred  to  East  Cambridge.2  It  was  entered 
from  North  Avenue  through  a  bridleway  or  passage,  between 
Lancaster  Place  and  Arlington  Street,  now  called  Stone  Court. 

The  names  and  the  number  of  the  wretched  convicts  who  suf- 
fered the  extreme  penalty  of  the  law  at  this  "  Place  of  Execu- 
tion," are  unknown  to  me.  One  horrible  example,  however, 
was  recorded  by  Professor  Winthrop,  in  his  interleaved  Almanac, 
under  date  of  Sept.  18,  1755 :  "  A  terrible  spectacle  in  Cam- 
bridge :  two  negroes  belonging  to  Capt.  Codman  of  Charlestown, 
executed  for  petit  treason,  for  murdering  their  said  master  by 
poison.  They  were  drawn  upon  a  sled  to  the  place  of  execution  ; 
and  Mark,  a  fellow  about  30,  was  hanged ;  and  Phillis,  an  old 
creature,  was  burnt  to  death."  The  "  Boston  Evening  Post,"  of 
Sept.  22,  states  more  particularly,  that  "  the  fellow  was  hanged, 
and  the  woman  burned  at  a  stake  about  ten  yards  distant  from 
the  gallows.  They  both  confessed  themselves  guilty  of  the 
crime  for  which  they  suffered,  acknowledged  the  justice  of  their 
sentence,  and  died  very  penitent.  After  execution,  the  body  of 
Mark  was  brought  down  to  Charlestown  Common,  and  hanged 
in  chains  on  a  gibbet  erected  there  for  that  purpose."  Dr.  In- 
crease Mather,  in  his  diary,  printed  in  the  first  volume  of  the 
"  Proceedings  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,"  page  320, 
says  that  on  the  22d  of  September,  1681,  "  there  were  ,three  per- 
sons executed  in  Boston,  —  an  Englishman  for  a  rape ;  a  negro 

1  Delineated  on  an  old  plan  in  the  City  land,"  etc.    It  was  sold  on  the  24th  of  the 
Hall.  the  same  month  to  William  Frost,  and  de- 

2  This  lot  was  described  in   the  Pro-  scribed  as  bounded  "easterly,  southerly, 
prietors'  Records,  April  3,  1826,  as  "about  and  westerly,  by  his  own  land,  northerly 
one  acre  of  land,  called  the  Gallows  Lot,  and  northeasterly  by  a  bridle-way,  lead- 
in  front  of  the  house  of  James  Rule,  and  ing  from  the  county  road  to  land  belong- 
separated  from  his  real  estate  by  a  bridle-  ing  to  Mary  Stone  and  Susanna  Jarvis," 
way  leading  from  the  county  road  to  said  etc. 


218  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

man  for  burning  a  house  at  Northampton  ;  and  a  negro  woman 
who  burnt  two  houses  at  Roxbury,  July  12,  in  one  of  which  a 
child  was  burnt  to  death.  The  negro  woman  was  burnt  to  death, 
—  the  first  that  has  suffered  such  a  death  in  New  England."  It 
is  devoutly  to  be  hoped  that  the  woman  who  thus  expiated  her 
crime  at  Cambridge,  in  1755,  was  the  last  "  that  has  suffered 
such  a  death  in  New  England." 

"  Ye  have  the  poor  with  you  always  ; "  and  the  judicious  re- 
lief of  their  wants  is  an  important  but  often  a  very  perplexing 
duty.  For  several  years,  as  will  be  related  in  chapter  xv.,  the 
church  assumed  this  duty,  and  made  suitable  provision  for  the 
destitute  and  distressed.  It  does  not  distinctly  appear  at  what 
time  the  management  of  this  charity  passed  into  the  hands  of 
the  town.  The  earliest  reference  to  this  subject  which  I  find  on 
the  Town  Records  is  under  date  of  June  29,  1663 :  "  Jane 
Bourne  [or  Bowen]  making  her  complaint  to  the  selectmen,  that 
she  can  find  none  in  the  town  that  is  willing  to  entertain  her  to 
their  service,  and  craving  their  favor  that  she  may  have  liberty 
to  provide  for  herself  in  some  other  town,  with  security  to  such 
as  shall  so  entertain  her,  —  the  Townsmen  do  grant  her  request 
in  manner  following,  viz.,  so  as  that  she  place  herself  in  some 
honest  family ;  and  in  case  she  stand  in  need  of  supply,  or  the 
town  whither  she  shall  resort  do  see  reason  to  return  her  again 
upon  the  town,  she  shall  be  still  accepted  as  one  of  the  poor  of 
this  place ;  and  this  is  to  be  understood  and  taken  as  binding  to 
the  town  for  one  year  next  after  the  date  hereof,  any  law,  usage, 
or  custom,  to  the  contrary,  notwithstanding."  Again,  under  date 
of  April  8,  1672 :  "  The  terms  of  agreement  of  the  selectmen 
with  Thomas  Longhorne  for  the  keeping  of  William  Healyes 
child,  as  followeth :  That  the  said  Thomas  Longhorne  is  to  bring 
up  Hanna  Hely,  daughter  of  William  Healy,  born  in  the  year 
1671,  providing  all  necessaries  for  her  of  food  and  clothing  in  the 
time  of  her  minority  and  suitable  education  meet  for  one  of  her 
sex  and  degree  ;  and  for  his  satisfaction,  he  is  to  be  allowed  out 
of  the  Town  Rate  five  pounds  a  year  for  five  years  ;  and  if  she 
should  die  before  those  five  years  be  expired,  or  it  should  be  pro- 
vided for  by  any  of  its  friends  before  that  time,  then  he  is  to 
have  no  more  than  for  the  time  he  keep  it,  after  five  pounds  per 
annum ;  only  forty  shillings  of  said  pay  is  to  be  made  in  cash, 
or,  if  not,  then  so  much  in  other  pay  at  money  price."  In  like 
manner,  for  more  than  a  hundred  years  after  this  date,  provision 
appears  to  have  been  made  for  the  poor,  in  private  families, 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  219 

under  the  supervision  of  the  selectmen.  At  length  it  was  de- 
termined, March  15,  1779,  to  purchase  a  house  in  which  they 
might  be  gathered  together,  and  their  wants  be  more  systemati- 
cally supplied.  Accordingly,  "  the  committee  who  were  chosen 
at  the  last  Town  Meeting,  March  1,  1779,  to  purchase  a  work- 
house for  the  poor  of  the  town,  reported  that  they  could  purchase 
of  Deac.  Samuel  Whittemore  a  suitable  house  for  that  purpose. 
Voted,  That  said  Committee  purchase  the  house  and  land  be- 
longing to  said  Whittemore,  take  a  deed  for  the  same  for  the 
town,  and  that  the  Treasurer  be  directed  to  give  security  for  the 
same,  or  hire  the  money  to  pay  for  it.  Voted,  that  the  Select- 
men take  care  of  the  said  house,  and  appoint  some  discreet  per- 
son as  Overseer."  The  estate  consisted  of  a  dwelling  house  and 
twenty-five  square  rods  of  land  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of 
Brighton  and  South  streets,  and  was  conveyed  to  the  town  by 
deed  dated  March  29,  1779.  For  some  reason  this  estate  proved 
unsatisfactory  ;  and  the  town  voted,  March  1,  1785,  "  that  Mr. 
Caleb  Gannett,  Stephen  Dana,  Esq.,  Capt.  John  Walton,  Deac. 
Aaron  Hill,  and  William  Winthrop,  Esq.,  be  a  committee  to  in- 
quire whether  there  is  any  person  who  is  desirous  to  purchase  the 
house  and  land  belonging  to  the  town,  situate  near  the  causeway, 
which  was  bought  for  a  workhouse  and  almshouse,  and  what 
price  it  will  fetch  ;  and  they  are  also  to  inquire  whether  another 
place  can  be  purchased  in  the  town  that  will  answer  for  said  pur- 
poses, and  upon  what  terms  it  can  be  had."  The  committee 
having  been  authorized  so  to  do,  reported,  March  6,  1786,  that 
"  they  sold  the  house  at  public  auction  for  £19,  10s. ;  they  after- 
wards sold  the  -land  for  £37,  10s.,  both  amounting  to  £57." 
They  had  also  received  an  offer  from  the  heirs  of  Abraham 
Watson  of  a  house  and  about  five  acres  of  land  for  the  sum  of 
.£60.  This  estate  x  was  on  the  southwesterly  corner  of  North 
Avenue  and  Cedar  Street,  and  was  conveyed  to  the  town  by 
deed  dated  March  9,  1786.  The  committee  reported,  June 
12,  1786,  "  that  an  house  is  nearly  finished  and  will  be  ready 
within  a  few  days  for  the  reception  of  the  poor,"  and  rec- 
ommended that  it  "  be  called  the  Poor's  House  ;  "  also  that 
there  "  be  chosen  and  appointed,  as  soon  as  may  be,  five  persons, 
distinct  from  the  Selectmen,  to  be  Overseers  of  the  Poor,"  who 
should  have  the  general  charge  of  the  house,  and  provide  all 
necessary  "  food,  fuel,  clothing,  and  medicine,  proper  for  "  the 
occupants,  and  tools  and  materials  necessary  to  their  proper  em- 
1  Formerly  owned  by  Matthew  Cox. 


220  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ployment ;  that  the  Overseers  should  "  appoint  a  suitable  person 
to  be  Warden  of  the  Poor's  House,"  who  should  "  cause  his  fam- 
ily to  lead  their  lives  and  behave  at  all  times  soberly,  quietly, 
decently,  orderly,  and  regularly ;  particularly  he  shall  cause  them 
to  attend  the  public  worship  on  Sundays  as  often  and  generally 
as  conveniently  may  be ;  "  and  he  "  shall  endeavor  to  form  the 
paupers  under  his  care  to  habits  of  economy,  frugality,  temper- 
ance, sobriety,  and  industry;  particularly  he  shall  keep  them  em- 
ployed in  such  useful  and  profitable  labors  as  they  may  be  re- 
spectively able  to  perform,  within  doors  or  without  doors,  having 
regard  to  their  different  sexes,  ages,  bodily  strength,  former 
habits  of  life,  and  all  other  circumstances,  with  the  approbation 
of  the  Overseers  ;  "  and  that  they  should  also  appoint  a  suitable 
physician,  and  employ  all  necessary  servants.  The  Warden 
should  be  required  to  pay  all  the  earnings  of  the  paupers, 
monthly,  to  the  Overseers,  who  should  pay  the  same,  half  yearly, 
to  the  Treasurer,  drawing  on  him  for  the  funds  necessary  to  de- 
fray all  charges ;  and  the  Treasurer  should  keep  a  separate  ac- 
count of  all  such  receipts  and  payments.  Finally,  "  the  Overseers 
of  the  Poor  shall  from  time  to  time  make  such  regulations,  not 
inconsistent  with  these  general  regulations,  the  laws  of  the  Com- 
monwealth, or  the  principles  of  humanity  and  benevolence,  as 
they  may  judge  fit  for  the  better  ordering  of  the  Poor's  House 
and  the  affairs  of  it ;  which  regulations  so  by  them  made  shall  be 
binding  until  the  expiration  of  the  year  for  which  such  Overseers 
shall  be  chosen,  or  until  they  shall  be  by  them  revoked."  This 
report  was  accepted  ;  and  Dr.  William  Kneeland,  Mr.  Jeduthun 
Wellington,  Deac.  Aaron  Hill,  Mr.  Ebenezer  Stedman,  and  Mr. 
Edward  Jackson,  were  thereupon  elected  as  the  first  "  Overseers 
of  the  Poor,  distinct  from  the  Selectmen." 

In  this  house,  and  under  such  regulations,  the  pauper  estab- 
lishment was  admininistered  until  1818,  when  a  new  Almshouse 
was  erected  in  Cambridgeport.  By  deed  dated  April  2,  1818, 
Jonathan  L.  Austin  and  Benjamin  Austin  conveyed  to  the  town 
about  eleven  acres  of  land,  being  the  whole  square  bounded  by 
Harvard,  Norfolk,  Austin,  and  Prospect  streets,  except  one  house 
lot,  previously  sold,  at  the  corner  of  Norfolk  and  Austin  streets, 
"measuring  100  feet  on  each  of  said  streets,  100  feet  on  the 
westerly  side,  and  78  feet  on  the  northerly  side."  The  Over- 
seers reported  to  the  town,  Nov.  2,  1818,  that  they  had  sold  the 
old  Almshouse  to  Jonathan  Fowle,  for  $454.50,  and  had  erected 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  221 

on  the  lot  purchased  of  the  Austins  a  brick  house 1  55  feet 
long,  36  feet  wide,  about  half  three  stories  high,  and  the  other 
half  two  stories  high,  with  accommodations  for  sixty  persons,  and 
had  removed  the  paupers  into  it.  A  code  of  Rules  and  Regu- 
lations, an  Address  by  Royal  Makepeace,  on  behalf  of  the  Over- 
seers, and  a  Sermon  delivered  in  the  Almshouse  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Holmes,  in  September,  1818,  are  entered  at  full  length  on  the 
Records  of  the  Overseers  of  the  Poor. 

The  new  location  of  the  Almshouse  did  not  prove  satisfactory  ; 
and  a  desire  for  further  change  was  soon  manifested.  As  early 
as  Nov.  14,  1831,  a  Town-house  having  been  erected  on  the  north- 
easterly corner  of  the  square,  a  committee  was  appointed  by  the 
town  "  to  cause  the  Almshouse  lands  to  be  surveyed  and  laid  out 
into  proper  streets  and  building-lots,  and  to  ascertain  what  the 
same  may  be  sold  for ;  also  to  ascertain  for  what  sum  a  suitable 
spot  of  ground  for  an  Almshouse  may  be  purchased,  and  a  proper 
and  suitable  Almshouse  erected  thereon."  During  the  night  pre- 
ceding July  30,  1836,  the  Almshouse,  together  with  the  out- 
buildings, was  utterly  consumed  by  fire,  and  one  of  its  wretched 
inmates  perished.  The  order  for  surveying  the  Almshouse  lands 
was  renewed,  Aug.  22,  1836 ;  and  it  was  further  ordered,  that 
the  building-lots  be  offered  for  sale  at  auction.  Meantime,  the 
town  voted,  Aug.  8,  1836,  "  that  the  Overseers  of  the  Poor  be 
authorised  to  make  such  temporary  provision  for  the  support  of 
the  Town's  Poor,  and  such  of  the  State's  Poor  as  are  not  of 
competent  health  to  labor,  by  hiring  a  building,  or  otherwise,  as 
they  may  consider  for  the  interest  of  the  town."  The  Overseers 
accordingly  hired  a  spacious  house,  originally  designed  for  a 
tavern,  on  the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  nearly  opposite  to 
Osborn  Street,  which  was  occupied  until  a  new  Almshouse  was 
erected  at  Riverside. 

The  town  purchased,  Dec.  9,  1836,  of  Amos  Hazeltine,  for 
$5,600,  eleven  and  a  quarter  acres  of  land,  bordering  on  Charles 
River,  and  extending  from  Western  Avenue  nearly  to  River 
Street,  together  with  two  acres  and  three  quarters  on  the  op- 
posite side  of  Western  Avenue,  extending  from  the  river  to 
Putnam  Street.  A  committee  reported  in  April,  1838,  that  a 

1  This  house  stood  on  the  westerly  side  first  story;  and  ten  chambers  in  the  second 

of  Norfolk  Street,  opposite  to  Worcester  story  ;  a  large  garret,  55X24  feet,  and  a 

Street.     It  contained  "a  kitchen,  30X15  cellar,  34X24  feet."     Connected  with  the 

feet,  a  bathing   room,  and  three  cells,  in  house  were  a  wood-house,  30X15  feet,  and 

the  basement  story;  a  work-room  30X15  a  barn  35X25  feet.    The  land  cost  $1,750; 

feet,  and  six  other  sizable  rooms,  in  the  the  buildings,  $4,851.77 ;  total,  $6,601.77. 


222  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

brick  Almshouse  had  been  constructed  on  the  first  mentioned  lot, 
at  an  expense  of  $7,490.90 ;  and  the  paupers  were  again  placed 
in  a  comfortable  habitation. 

Within  a  few  years  afterwards,  a  desire  was  manifested  to 
abandon  this  pleasant  spot,  which  had  attained  a  greatly  in- 
creased marketable  value,  and  to  try  the  experiment  of  farming 
on  a  larger  scale.  Accordingly  the  city  purchased,  Aug.  7, 1849, 
of  Samuel  Smith  and  Spencer  Cook,  for  $12,000,  about  thirty- 
two  acres  of  land,  situated  partly  in  the  northwesterly  corner  of 
Cambridge  and  partly  in  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Somerville, 
and  erected  a  stone  Almshouse  of  the  size  and  fashion  then  preva- 
lent. The  cost  of  the  whole  establishment  was  reported  by  a  com- 
mittee to  be,  — for  the  land,  $12,000;  for  the  house,  $32,970.69; 
for  fences,  furniture,  etc.,  $3,000;  total,  $47,970.69.  The  house 
was  formally  placed  in  the  custody  of  the  Overseers  of  the  Poor, 
April  3,  1851,  with  much  congratulatory  speech-making,  in  pres- 
ence of  a  large  assembly  of  citizens,  and  the  paupers  were  trans- 
ferred to  their  new  home.  When  this  house  was  erected,  its 
magnificent  proportions  were  considered  necessary  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  large  number  of  State  paupers  then  under  the 
charge  of  the  city.  Shortly  afterwards,  the  Commonwealth 
adopted  a  new  policy,  erected  State  Almshouses,  and  withdrew 
its  paupers  from  the  care  of  cities  and  towns.  Complaints  were 
uttered,  that  the  erection  of  so  large  a  house  for  so  few  inmates 
was  unnecessary,  and  involved  an  extravagant  outlay  of  money. 
But  such  complaints  are  no  longer  heard ;  partly,  because  the 
increase  of  city  paupers  has  kept  pace  with  the  rapidly  increasing 
population,  until  the  house  is  nearly  if  not  altogether  filled ;  and 
partly,  because  the  citizens  have  become  accustomed  to  expendi- 
tures so  much  more  unnecessary  and  extravagant,  that  this  has 
dwindled  into  comparative  insignificance.  The  old  Almshouse 
(together  with  the  land)  was  sold,  May  22,  1851,  to  Little  & 
Brown,  publishers  and  booksellers,  for  $24,000 ;  they  converted 
it  into  an  establishment  for  the  manufacture  of  books,  and  erected 
many  additional  buildings.  Subsequently  the  larger  part  of  the 
estate  became  the  property  of  H.  O.  Houghton  &  Co.,  by  whom 
it  was  further  embellished  and  rendered  famous  as  the  seat  of  the 
Riverside  Press. 

Ordinaries,  or  houses  of  public  entertainment,  were  established 
at  a  very  early  period.  The  General  Court  ordered,  March  4, 
1634-5,  "  that  no  persons  whatsoever  shall  keep  a  common  vict- 
ualling house,  without  license  from  the  Court,  under  the  penalty 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  223 

of  xx8.  a  week."  1  The  power  of  granting  licenses  "  to  keep 
houses  of  common  entertainment,  and  to  retail  wine,  beer,  &c." 
was  transferred  to  the  County  Courts,  May  26,  1647,  "  so  as  this 
Court  may  not  be  thereby  hindered  in  their  more  weighty  af- 
fairs."2 Various  laws  were  enacted,  regulating  such  houses, 
notably  in  1645  ;3  yet  so  necessary  were  they  considered,  that  the 
town  of  Concord  was  presented  by  the  grand  jury,  June  19, 1660, 
"  for  not  having  a  common  house  of  entertainment,"  and  was 
"  enjoined  to  present  a  meet  person  to  be  allowed  at  the  next 
Court  at  Cambridge  for  that  employment,  on  penalty  of  5£.,  and 
to  pay  costs  of  Court,  2s  and  6d." 

Great  caution  was  manifested  in  the  appointment  of  grave  and 
respectable  citizens  to  keep  ordinaries  and  to  sell  intoxicating 
drinks.  The  first  person  licensed  by  the  General  Court,  Sept.  8, 
1636,  "  to  keepe  a  house  of  intertainment  at  Newe  Towne,"  was 
Thomas  Chesholme 4  a  deacon  of  the  church,  and  afterwards 
Steward  of  Harvard  College.  He  was  also  licensed  "to  draw 
wine  at  Cambridge,"  May  13,  1640. 5  His  dwelling-house  was  on 
a  lot  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets, 
adjoining  the  lot  on  which  the  first  meeting-house  was  erected  ; 
so  that  the  first  church  edifice  and  the  first  tavern  in  Cambridge 
stood  side  by  side  ;  and  from  all  which  is  known  of  Deacon 
Chesholme's  character,  it  may  be  confidently  believed  that  he 
permitted  nothing  to  be  done  in  the  one  which  could  bring  dis- 
grace upon  the  other.  The  first  person  "  allowed  to  sell  wine 
and  strong  water  "  in  Cambridge,  March  12,  1637-8,6  was  Mr. 
Nicholas  Danforth,  a  selectman,  a  representative  in  the  General 
Court,  and  one  of  the  most  active  and  honored  citizens.  He  re- 
sided on  the  northerly  side  of  Bow  Street,  near  Plympton  Street, 
but  died  about  a  month  after  the  date  of  his  license.  The  next 
year,  May  22,  1639,  "  Mr.  Nathaniell  Sparhawke  was  permitted 
to  drawe  wine  and  strong  water  for  Cambridge.7  He  also  was 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  140.  wine  when  above  half  a  pint  of  wine  is  al- 

2  Ibid.,  ii.  188.  lowed  at  one  time  to  one  person  to  drink  : 
8  It  was  then  forbidden  to  "suffer  any  to     provided  that  it  shall  be  lawful  for  any 

be  drunk  or  drink  excessively,  or  continue  strangers,  or  lodgers,  or  any  person  or 

tippling  above  the  space  of  half  an  hour,  persons,  in  an  orderly  way,  to  continue  in 

in  any  of  their  said  houses,  under  penalty  such  houses  of  common  entertainment  dur- 

of  5s.  for  every  such  offence  suffered;  and  ing  meal  times,  or  upon  lawful  business, 

every   person   found   drunk  in  the    said  what  time  their  occasions  shall  require." 

houses  or  elsewhere  shall  forfeit  10s.,  and  — Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  ii.  100. 

for  every  excessive  drinking  he  shall  forfeit        4  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  180. 

3s.  4e?. ;    for  sitting  idle  and  continuing        6  Ibid.,  i.  292. 

drinking  above  half  an  hour,  2s.  Grf. ;  and        6  Ibid.,  i.  221. 

it  id  declared  to  be  excessive  drinking  of        7  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  259. 


224  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

a  deacon  of  the  church,  and  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brigh- 
ton Street,  about  midway  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount 
Auburn  Street,  in  the  house  formerly  owned  and  occupied  by  the 
Reverend  Samuel  Stone. 

We  come  next  to  the  establishment  of  an  ordinary  which  was 
long  known  as  the  "  Blue  Anchor  Tavern."  Dec.  27, 1652,  "  The 
Townsmen  do  grant  liberty  to  Andrew  Belcher  to  sell  beer  and 
bread,  for  entertainment  of  strangers  and  the  good  of  the  town  ; " 1 
and  the  County  Court  granted  him  a  license,  June  20,  1654, 
"  to  keep  a  house  of  public  entertainment  at  Cambridge."  Mr. 
Belcher  was  a  trustworthy  man,  occasionally  employed  by  the 
General  Court  to  perform  important  duties.  He  was  respectably 
connected ;  his  wife  was  daughter  of  Mr.  Nicholas  Danforth  and 
sister  of  Deputy  Governor  Thomas  Danforth  ;  their  son,  Andrew 
Belcher,  Jr.,  was  a  member  of  the  Council,  and  his  son,  Jonathan 
Belcher,  was  Governor  of  Massachusetts  and  of  New  Jersey.  It 
does  not  appear  where  he  first  opened  a  "  beer  and  bread  ' '  shop, 
or  a  "  house  of  public  entertainment ;  "  but  on  the  first  of  Oc- 
tober, 1671,  his  son  Andrew,  then  residing  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
purchased  of  Sarah  Beal,  widow  of  Deacon  Thomas  Beal,  an 
estate  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Brighton  arid  Mount  Auburn 
streets,  where  the  sign  of  the  Blue  Anchor  was  soon  afterwards 
displayed.  Mr.  Belcher  was  licensed  for  the  last  time  in  April, 
1673,  in  which  year  he  probably  died.  In  April,  1674,  license 
was  granted  to  his  widow  Elizabeth  Belcher,  and  afterwards 
from  year  to  year  until  she  died,  June  26,  1680.  She  was  suc- 
ceeded by  her  son  Andrew  Belcher,  who  was  licensed  in  1681  and 
1682.a  In  September,  1682,  Capt.  Belcher  sold  the  estate  to  his 
brother-in-law  Jonathan  Remington,  who  performed  the  duties 
of  host  until  April  21,  1700,  when  he  died,  and  was  succeeded  by 
his  widow,  Martha  Remington,  daughter  of  the  first  Andrew  Bel- 
cher. The  Belcher  family  ceased  to  be  inn-holders  May  12, 1705, 
when  the  widow  and  children  of  Captain  Remington  sold  to 
Joseph  Hovey  the  estate  "  near  the  market-place,  commonly 
called  and  known  by  the  sign  of  the  Blue  Anchor."  Joseph 
Hovey  retained  the  house  only  four  years,  and  then  sold  it  to  his 
brother  John  Hovey,  who  died  in  1715.  His  widow  Abiel  Hovey 

i  Although  this  was  not,  as  Rev.  Dr.  a  Capt.  Belcher's  son  Jonathan,  after- 
Holmes  supposed,   "the  first  license  for  wards  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  was 
an  inn,  in  Cambridge"  (Coll.  Mass.  Hist,  born  Jan.  8,  1681-2,  and  probably  in  this 
Soc.,  vii.  28),  it  may  be  regarded  as  the  house, 
most  important,  in  respect  to  its  charac- 
ter and  permanency. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  225 

received  license  for  two  years,  and  then  married  Edmund  Angier, 
who  conducted  the  business  until  April  4,  1724,  when  he  died 
and  his  widow  Abiel  again  assumed  charge  of  the  house  ;  she 
married  Isaac  Watson,  Aug.  27,  1725,  in  whose  name  business 
was  transacted  about  four  years,  when  it  passed  into  the  hands 
of  John  Hovey,  son  of  the  former  owner.  In  November,  1731, 
the  General  Court  authorized  the  Court  of  Sessions  to  grant  (out 
of  the  usual  season)  to  Joseph  Bean,  late  of  Boston,  "  a  license  to 
keep  a  Tavern  in  Cambridge,  in  the  house  of  Mr.  John  Hovey, 
which  he  hath  lately  hired,  and  has  for  many  years  past  been 
used  as  a  house  of  public  entertainment."  On  the  23d  of  April, 
1737,  Mr.  Bean  bought  of  Nathaniel  Hancock  an  estate  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Brighton  Street,  about  midway  between  Harvard 
Square  and  Mount  Auburn  Street,  to  which  he  transferred  the 
sign  of  the  Blue  Anchor ;  and  for  nearly  a  century  afterwards  it 
was  a  famous  Tavern.  Mr.  Bean  sold  the  estate,  Jan.  26,  1749, 
to  Ebenezer  Bradish  ;  Mr.  Bradish  died  in  1785,  and  his  son  sold 
it,  Feb.  29,  1796,  to  Israel  Porter,  who  is  well  remembered  by 
many  now  living,  and  who  died  May  30, 1837,  aged  99,  according 
to  the  town  record.  A  part  of  the  tavern-house  remains  stand- 
ing, though  much  changed  in  appearance.1 

John  Jackson  kept  a  public  house  near  the  northwesterly  angle 
of  Brattle  Street  and  Brattle  Square,  probably  from  about  1672 
until  1695,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Capt.  Josiah  Parker,  who 
purchased  the  estate  in  1699,  and  was  an  inn-holder  as  late  as 
1725,  and  perhaps  until  he  died  in  July  or  August,  1731. 2 

1  At  this  house  the  Selectmen  met  for  their  patronage  of  the  bar.  Among  the 
the  transaction  of  public  business,  and  paid  bills  remaining  on  file  is  the  follow- 
probably  paid  for  the  use  of  rooms  by  ing :  — 

"  The  Selectmen  of  the  town  of  Cambridge  to  Ebenr.  Bradish,  Dr. 

March,    1769,  To  dinners  and  drink,  £0.17.     8 

April,         "      To  flip  and  punch,  0.     2.     0 

May  1,      "      To  wine  and  eating,  0.     6.     8 

May,         "      To  dinners,  drink  and  suppers,  0.  18.    0 

To  flip  and  cheese,  0.     1.     8 

To  wine  and  flip,  0.     4.    0 

June,        "      To  punch,  0.    2.     8 

July,         "      To  punch  and  eating,  0.     4.     0 

August,    "      To  punch  and  cheese,  0.    3.     7 

Oct.,         "      To  punch  and  flip,  0.    4.    8 

To  dinners  and  drink,  0.  13.     8 

Dec.,  Jan.,  1770,  &  Feb.,  Sundries,  0.12.    0 


£4.  10.     7" 

2  It  does  not  distinctly  appear  whether     1672  he  was  punished  for  unlawfully  en- 
Samuel  Gibson  was  an  innholder;  but  in     tertaining  students.    The  following  depo- 
15 


226 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Another  tavern,  somewhat  famous  for  many  years,  stood  on  the 
southerly  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  about  midway  between 
Brighton  and  Dunster  Streets.  It  seems  to  have  been  first 
opened  in  1726,  by  John  Stedman,  grandson  of  Robert  Stedman, 
the  former  owner  of  the  same  estate.  He  was  succeeded,  in  1728, 
by  his  widow,  Sarah  Stedman,  and  she,  in  1734,  by  her  son 
Ebenezer  Stedman,  who  died  Sept.  13,  1785,  aged  76. 

Time  would  fail  me  should  I  attempt  to  enumerate  and  de- 
scribe all  the  inn-holders  who  have  flourished  in  Cambridge. 
During  the  first  century  after  the  foundation  of  the  town,  licenses 
were  granted  to  the  following  named  persons  (and  perhaps  oth- 
ers) besides  those  who  have  already  been  mentioned  :  — 


Daniel  Champney,  1691. 
William  Russell,  1696-1715. 
Samuel  Phipps,  1707-1709. 
Elizabeth  Phipps,  1710-1712. 
Edward  Marrett,  1709. 
Susanna  Stacey,  1709,  1713-1715. 
Hannah  Stacey,  1712,  1716-1724. 
Ruth  Child,  1713-1715. 
Samuel  Robinson,  1714-1720. 
John  Smith,  1715-1717. 
James  Ingham,  1716-1720. 
Samuel  Smith,  1716-1735. 


James  Cutler,  1718-1735. 
Thomas  Thompson,  1721-1724. 
Elizabeth  Thompson,  1725. 
Thomas  Brown,  1721. 
William  Bond,  1722-1724. 
Peter  Oliver,  1727-1729. 
Joshua  Gamage,  1729-1731. 
Daniel  Champney,  Jr.,  1730-1733. 
Thomas  Holt,  1730-1731. 
Thomas  Dana,  1731-1735. 
William  Bowen,  1732. 
Jonathan  Starr,  1735. 


During  the  early  part  of  the  present  century,  the  Davenport 
Tavern,  at  the  westerly  corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Beech 
Street,  was  widely  celebrated  for  the  concoction  of  flip  ;  and  in 


sition  and  confessions  are  preserved  in 
the  files  of  the  County  Court :  "  Urian 
Oakes,  aged  14  yeares  and  upward  do 
testifie  that  about  10  dayes  since  he  and 
Percifall  Greene  being  gathering  up  fruite 
in  the  Marshals  orchard,  Mr.  Edw:  Pel- 
ham  came  to  them  with  a  fowling  peece 
in  his  hand  and  desired  him  to  shoot  a 
foule  of  Gm.  Farlengs,  and  when  he  was 
disapoynted  there,  he  brought  him  to  ye 
fence  between  ye  Marshals  yard  and  Capt. 
Gookins,  where  sat  a  turkie,  and  desired 
him  to  shoot  y',  wch  he  accordingly  did, 
and  ye  fowle  being  killed  ye  sd  Pelham 
took  y,  coate  of  ye  sd  Urian  and  wrapt 
up  the  turkie  in  it,  and  sent  it  by  Perci- 
fall Greene  to  Samuel  Gibsons  and  bid 
him,  leave  it  at  ye  said  Gibsons  house." 
"  Samuel  Gibson  being  examined  do  cou- 


fesse  y'  about  10  dayes  sence  Percifall 
Greene  came  to  his  house  and  brought  a 
turkie  wrapt  up  in  a  coate  and  left  it 
there,  and  was  dressed  by  his  wife,  and 
baked  in  the  oven,  and  in  the  night  fol- 
lowing it  was  eaten  by  Mr.  Pelham,  John 
Wise,  and  Russell,  studte-"  etc.  "  Good- 
wife  Gibson  his  wife  do  confesse  y*  w*  is 
above  related  is  ye  truth,  and  y'  she  sus- 
pected it  not  to  be  stoalen,  but  that  Mr. 
Pelham  said  he  came  by  it  honestly,  and 
was  frequently  at  their  house.  23  (7) 
1672."  The  result  appears  on  the  Court 
Records,  Oct.  1,  1672.  "  Samuel  Gibson, 
being  convicted  of  enterteyneing  some  of 
the  stud'8-  contrary  to  law,  is  sentenced  to 
be  admonished  and  to  pay  a  fine  of  forty 
shillings  in  money.  And  he  stands  com- 
mitted until  it  be  pd." 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  227 

the  easterly  sections  of  the  town  the  hostelries  at  the  easterly 
corner  of  Main  and  Pearl  streets,  the  westerly  corner  of  Main 
and  Douglass  streets,  near  the  westerly  corner  of  Main  and 
Moore  streets,  at  the  junction  of  Main  Street  and  Broadway 
(and  another  a  few  rods  farther  eastward),  at  the  junction  of 
Cambridge  and  Bridge  streets,  and  at  the  junction  of  Bridge  and 
Gore  streets,  besides  a  generous  local  patronage,  reaped  an 
abundant  harvest  from  the  country  teams  engaged  in  transporting 
merchandise  to  and  from  Boston  ;  which  teams  almost  entirely 
disappeared  immediately  after  the  construction  of  railroads,  and 
the  inns  did  not  long  afterwards  flourish. 

Besides  innkeepers,  the  County  Court  licensed  others  to  sell 
intoxicating  liquors  by  retail.  Among  the  names  of  such  retail- 
ers, in  addition  to  those  who  have  already  been  mentioned,  the 
following  appear  during  the  first  century  :  — 

John  Stedraan,  1653-1686.  Jonathan  Remington,    1713-1735. 

William  Manning,  1654-1686.  Nathaniel  Hancock,  Jr.,  1707-1 709. 

Edmund  Angier,  1674-1686.  Mary  Bordman,  1708-1714. 

Samuel  Andrew,  1684-1691.  John  Stedman,  1717-1724. 

William  Andrew,  1701.  Sarah  Fessenden,  1720-1735. 

Mrs.  Seeth  Andrew,  1702-1703.  Mary  Oliver,  1731-1732. 

Zachariah  Hicks,  1704-1717.  Edward  Marrett,  1733-1735. 
Martha  Remington,  1705-1712. 

Two  of  these  retailers  in  their  old  age  found  it  necessary  to 
appeal  to  the  County  Court  for  relief ;  their  petitions  are  still 
preserved  on  file,  to  wit :  — • 

"  To  the  honored  Court  assembled  at  Cambridge,  all  pros- 
perity wished.  Thease  are  to  informe  you  that  I  wase  brought 
up  in  an  honest  collinge  in  ould  England,  where  we  sould  all 
sortes  of  goodes  and  strong  waters,  withought  offence.  I  have 
bine  now  in  this  land  forty-nine  yeres  and  upwards  in  this  towne, 
and  have  payd  to  the  magistre  and  ministre,  and  to  towne 
charges,  and  all  willingly  ;  that  I  have  helped  to  beare  the  bur- 
then and  heate  of  the  daye  ;  and  now  I  am  74  yers  and  upward, 
yet  I  can  abide  in  my  shope  and  attend  my  collinge,  though 
litell  is  to  be  gotten  by  anye  thinge  I  can  by ;  that  my  trad  will 
not  maintayne  my  ffamily  and  other  charges  of  towne  and  coun- 
trey  and  ministrye.  There  being  so  many  sellers  that  never 
served  for  a  trade,  I  desire  that  it  might  be  no  offence  to  aney 
that  I  continue  in  that  collinge  I  was  brought  up  to,  and  may 
have  yor  leave  to  sell  rome,  it  being  a  commodity  sallabell  and 
allowed  to  be  brought  into  the  countrey  ;  and  many  that  was 


228  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

formerly  a  commodity  is  not  now.     Hopeing  you  will  grant  me 
my  request,  I  rest  yr  servant,  EDMUND  ANGIER." 

April  7,  1686. 

"To  the  honored  County  Court  sitting  by  adjournment  at 
Charlestown,  24,  8br.,  1690.  The  petition  of  John  Stedman  of 
Cambridge,  aged  88,  sheweth,  That  your  petitioner,  as  is  well 
known,  hath  had  a  license  to  sell  Rum  for  many  years  past, 
which  never  was  discontinued  till  the  Revolution,  since  which  he 
would  have  sought  for  the  renewal  of  it,  had  he  had  the  least 
notice  when  or  where  he  ought  to  apply  himself  for  it,  or  that 
any  others  renewed  theirs:  That  your  petitioner  wonders  that 
his  daughter  Sharp  should  be  summoned  to  this  Court  for  selling 
Rum  without  license,  she  never  having  sold  any  at  Cambridg  on 
her  own  or  her  husband's  account,  but  upon  the  sole  and  proper 
account  and  by  the  order  of  your  petitioner,  who  is  well  assured 
that  he  hath  never  given  cause  to  be  dealt  with  in  extremity,  he 
having  never  bin  behindhand  in  paying  for  his  draft,  or  in  serv- 
ing the  country  to  his  power.  Your  petitioner  therefore  praies 
that  his  said  daughter  Sharp  may  no  further  be  molested  or  dis- 
couraged from  her  dutiful  and  charitable  assistance  of  your  peti- 
tioner for  his  support  and  comfort  in  his  extream  old  age,  and 
that  a  license  may  be  granted  him  as  formerly.  So  praies  your 
humble  servant,  JOHN  STEDMAN." 

In  addition  to  innholders  and  retailers,  venders  of  beer  and 
bread  were  licensed,  one  of  whom,  Andrew  Belcher,  has  already 
been  mentioned.  Another  was  Mrs.  Bradish,  probably  the  wife 
of  Robert  Bradish,1  who  resided  on  the  westerly  corner  of  Har- 
vard and  Holyoke  streets,  where  the  Holyoke  House  now  stands. 
The  following  appeal  to  the  County  Court,  without  date,  is  in 
the  handwriting  of  President  Dunster,  and  is  preserved  in  the 
files  for  1654  :  — 

"  Honored  Gentlemen,  as  far  as  it  may  stand  with  the  whole- 
some orders  and  prudential  laws  of  the  country  for  the  publick 
weal,  I  can  very  freely  speak  with  and  write  in  the  behalf  of 
sister  Bradish,  that  shee  might  be  encouraged  and  countenanced 
in  her  present  calling  for  baking  of  bread  and  brewing  and  selling 
of  penny  bear,  without  which  shee  canot  continue  to  bake  :  In 
both  which  callings  such  is  her  art,  way  and  skill,  that  shee  doth 
vend  such  comfortable  penniworths  for  the  reliefe  of  all  that  send 

1  The  license  may  have  been  granted  to  her  husband  ;  but  she  seems  to  have 
been  the  active  manager  of  the  business. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  229 

unto  her  as  elsewhere  they  can  seldom  meet  with.  Shee  was 
complained  of  unto  me  for  harboring  students  unseasonably 
spending  there  their  time  and  parents'  estate  ;  but  upon  exam- 
ination I  found  it  a  misinformation,  and  that  shee  was  most  de- 
sirous that  I  should  limit  or  absolutely  prohibit  any  ;that  in  case 
of  sickness  or  want  of  comfortable  bread  or  bear  in  the  College 
only  they  should  thither  resort  and  then  not  to  spend  above  a 
penny  a  man,  nor  above  two  shillings  in  a  quarter  of  a  year  ; 
which  order  shee  carefully  observed  in  all  ordinary  cases.  How 
far  she  had  publick  allowance  by  the  townsmen  hertofore  I  leave 
to  Br.  Goff  or  any  of  our  townsmen  that  are  with  you  to  shew  : 
and  how  good  effects  for  the  promoting  of  the  weal  publick  and 
how  Christian  a  thing  in  itself  godly  emulation  is,  as  your  histor- 
ical knowledge  informs  you  so  your  experience  abundantly  dem- 
onstrates, as  contrarywise  the  undoing  measures  of  monopolyes. 
The  Lord  to  guide  and  prosper  all  your  administrations  shall  bee 
the  prayer  of  yours  in  what  he  can.  H.  DUNSTER." 

From  time  to  time  the  Court  established  a  scale  of  prices  for 
ordinaries :  — 

"  At  a  meeting  of  the  magistrates  and  committee  to  take  the 
Treasurer's  account,  Dec.  30,  1679  ;  For  the  regulating  of  ex- 
penses at  the  County  Courts,  it  is  ordered  that  henceforth,  for 
the  juries,  there  shall  be  allowed  in  money, 

For  their  breakfast,  one  man,  £0.  0.  4. 

For  their  dinner,         "       "  0.  1.  3. 

For  their  supper,        "       "  0.  1.  0. 

for  the  magistrates, 

For  dinner,  "       "  0.  2.  0. 

For  supper,  "       "  0.  1.  6. 

for  the  marshal!  and  constables,  one  meal,  0.  1.0. 

"  And  wine  and  beer,  &c.,  to  be  included  in  the  abovesaid 
sums ;  and  if  any  ordinary  shall  exceed  the  abovesaid  order,  it 
shall  be  at  their  own  peril." 

In  the  Proprietors'  Records,  1635,  it  is  stated  that  a  large  lot, 
originally  designed  for  Richard  Saltonstall,  "  is  now  to  be  en- 
tered the  Market  Place."  It  was  bounded  northerly  on  Mount 
Auburn  Street,  easterly  on  Brighton  Street,  and  southerly  on 
Winthrop  Street.  This  lot  retained  the  name  of  Market  Place 
more  than  two  hundred  years  ;  but  there  is  no  evidence  that  any 

1  Middlesex  Co.  Rec. 


230  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

market  house  was  ever  erected  thereon.1  It  may  have  been  used, 
long  ago,  as  an  open  mart  for  the  interchange  of  goods  between 
producers  and  consumers ;  but  even  of  this,  no  proof  remains. 
Again,  when  Davenport  &  Makepeace,  in  1805,  laid  out  streets 
in  the  Phips  Farm,  a  Market  Place  was  reserved  at  the  junction 
of  Market  Street  and  Broadway ;  but  the  time  has  not  yet  arrived 
for  appropriating  it  to  its  intended  use.  In  July,  1812,  the  first 
effectual  movement  was  made  for  securing  the  long-desired  ac- 
commodation. Premising  that  "  a  convenient  market-stall,  suffi- 
ciently capacious  to  admit  meat  and  other  articles  to  be  exposed 
for  sale,  protected  by  a  roof  or  covering  from  the  rains  and  the 
sun,  erected  near  the  town  pump  in  Cambridge,  will  be  of  gen- 
eral benefit,"  twenty-four  persons  subscribed  an  agreement  for 
the  accomplishment  of  that  purpose.  The  "  town  pump  "  stood 
near  the  centre  of  Harvard  Square  ;  and  the  Square  was  then 
much  smaller  than  it  now  is,  having  since  that  period  been  en- 
larged on  the  northeasterly  and  westerly  sides.  On  the  westerly 
portion  of  this  Square  a  building  was  erected,  about  thirty-four 
feet  long  and  twenty-five  feet  wide,  with  posts,  and  rails  around 
it,  probably  encumbering  nearly  the  whole  space  granted  for  that 
use  by  the  proprietors  of  common  lands  ;  namely,  "  a  square  piece, 
measuring  forty-six  feet  on  each  side."  John  Bowers  engaged 
to  erect  the  building  for  such  price  as  should  be  determined  by 
Deac.  Josiah  Moore,  Deac.  John  Watson,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Ma- 
son. The  referees  reported,  Nov.  5,  1812,  that  Mr.  Bowers  was 
entitled  to  $210.55,  for  labor  and  materials,  and  that  materials 
had  been  furnished  by  subscribers,  amounting  to  $38.39.  They 
also  estimated  that  it  would  cost  $81.00  additional  "  to  complete 
the  coving,  furnish  posts  and  railings  around  the  house,  steps  to 
each  door,2  raising  the  earth  around  it,  providing  benches,  cleaver, 
block,  and  additional  hooks,  painting  the  building,  and  procur- 
ing Dearborn's  patent  Balance,  with  a  scale  attached  thereto,  that 
will  weigh  from  half  a  pound  to  five  hundred  and  forty  weight."3 

1  The  Market  Place  is  now  generally  also  that  the  town  shall  have  a  right  to 

called  Winthrop  Square.    After  remain-  remove  the  enclosure,  if  they  shall  here- 

ing  open  and  common  for  two  centuries,  after  see  fit." 

on  petition  of  Levi  Farwell  and  others,  2  One  door  was  at  the  south  end,  and 

April  7, 1834,  the  Selectmen  were  author-  one  on  the  east  side, 

ized  "  to  permit  Market  Place,  so  called,  «  To  defray  the  whole  cost,  amounting 

to  be  enclosed  as  they  shall  judge  for  the  to  $329.94,  and  to  provide  "  a  fund  for 

ornament  and  benefit  of  the  town  and  the  repairs,"  a  joint  stock  was  established  of 

petitioners ;   provided  that  the  enclosure  forty  shares,  valued  at  ten  dollars,  each, 

shall  be  of  a  permanent  nature  and  with-  which  were  immediately  taken  as  follows  : 

out  expense  to  the  town ;  and  provided  Oliver  Wendell,  three  shares ;  Caleb  Gan- 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  231 

At  their  meeting,  Jan.  11,  1813,  the  proprietors  established 
several  Regulations,  the  first  three  of  which  were  as  follows :  — 
"  1.  No  person  occupying  said  market  house  shall  be  permitted 
to  use  or  vend  spirituous  liquors  therein,  except  on  such  public 
occasions,  and  under  such  restrictions,  as  the  committee  may 
hereafter  agree  to  and  direct.  2.  That  no  fire  be  carried  into  or 
kept  in  the  market  house,  and  that  no  cigars  or  pipes  be  allowed 
to  be  smoked  therein.  3.  That  no  shell  or  other  fish  be  per- 
mitted to  be  kept  in  said  market  house,  at  any  season  of  the 
year."  1 

The  first  occupant  of  the  market  house  seems  to  have  been  Joel 
Wellington,  who  paid  rent  for  the  quarter  ending  March  31, 
1813;  he  also  occupied  it  several  years  after  April  1, 1814.  The 
second  occupant  was  Henry  Greenwood,  under  a  lease  dated 
March  31,  1813,  in  which  lease  the  committee  of  the  proprietors 
reserved  "  one  quarter  part  of  said  house,  —  viz.,  next  to  the  bal- 
ance and  scale,  for  the  purpose  of  accommodating  those  who  may 
bring  into  the  market,  butter,  eggs,  or  fowls,  or  any  kinds  of 
sauce ;  but  no  person  shall  be  admitted  to  vend  therein  such 
articles  of  provision  as  are  usually  supplied  by  butchers."  The 
committee  also  reserved  "  the  right  of  letting  said  market  house 
on  Wednesday  and  Thursday  of  Commencement  week,  without 
any  deduction  from  the  rent  thereof."  And  it  is  worthy  of  note, 
that,  according  to  the  Treasurer's  account  current,  Israel  Porter 
paid  for  the  use  of  the  market  house  on  those  two  days  and  the 
intervening  night,  the  sum  of  twenty  dollars,  while  the  whole 
rent  of  the  house  for  the  year,  exclusive  of  those  days,  was  only 
forty  dollars.  Afterwards,  this  reservation  of  two  days  was  dis- 
continued, and  the  rent  was  gradually  increased  to  eighty  dollars 
per  annum,  and  taxes. 

A  lease  of  the  ground  under  and  around  the  market  house  had 
been  granted  by  the  Proprietors  of  Common  Lands,  extending  to 

nett,  two ;  John  Mellen,  two ;  Josiah  self  and  William  Warland,  one ;  Samuel 
Moore,  two ;  Samuel  Bartlett,  two ;  Israel  Child,  one  ;  Samuel  Child,  Jr.,  one  ;  Jonas 
Porter,  two ;  Sidney  Willard,  one ;  Henry  Wyeth,  3d-  one  ;  Thomas  Austin,  one ; 
Ware,  one  ;  William  Billiard,  two  ;  Joseph  Holmes,  one ;  Royal  Morse,  one  ; 
Thomas  Warland,  one  ;  Artenatus  Moore,  John  Walton,  for  himself  and  Ebenezer 
one  ;  Richard  Bordman,  two  ;  Eliab  W.  Stedman,  Jr.,  one ;  Jacob  H.  Bates,  one ; 
Metcalf,  one  ;  John  Farrar,  one ;  John  T.  William  Gamage,  one. 
Kirkland,  two;  Levi  Hedge,  including  1  A  cellar  was  constructed  in  1816,  and 
Joseph  McKean's  subscription,  one  ;  was  rented  for  fifteen  dollars  per  annum 
James  Read,  Jr.,  two ;  Joseph  S.  Read,  to  Zenas  C.  Atwood,  "  to  keep  for  sale  oys- 
for  himself  and  William  Brown,  one;  ters  ;  no  kind  of  gambling,  tippling,  or  ri- 
James  Munroe,  for  himself  and  Torrey  otous  behaviour,  to  be  suffered  in  said  eel- 
Hancock,  one;  John  Warland,  for  him-  lar." 


232  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

April  1,  1833.  But  at  a  town  meeting,  April  3,  1826,  a  Com- 
mittee, of  which  Abraham  Hilliard  was  chairman,  submitted  an 
elaborate  Report  concerning  the  respective  rights  of  the  Town 
and  the  Proprietors  of  Common  Lands  in  and  to  several  lots 
therein  described,  and  concerning  sundry  encroachments  on  the 
public  highways.  The  report  recited  the  history  of  the  lot  on 
which  the  Market  House  stood,  showing  that,  after  it  had  been 
occupied  about  fifty  years  by  a  court  house,  it  had  remained  open 
for  public  travel  during  a  still  longer  period,  from  about  1760  to 
1812,  and  that  the  town  had  thus  acquired  the  right  of  passage 
over  it  as  a  public  highway ;  which  report  was  accepted,  and 
arrangements  were  made  to  secure  the  immediate  or  future  re- 
moval of  all  encroachments  on  any  of  the  public  highways  in  the 
town.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  Market  House, 
March  5,  1827,  "  a  deed  was  presented  by  a  committee  of  the 
town  of  Cambridge,  for  the  Proprietors  to  sign,  thereby  acknowl- 
edging that  they  have  no  right  or  title  to  the  land  whereon 
the  market  house  now  stands ;  the  proprietors  refused  to  sign 
said  deed,  and  voted,  that  William  Hilliard,  Levi  Far  well,  and 
Joseph  Holmes  be  a  committee  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining 
whether  a  suitable  lot  of  land  can  be  procured  upon  which  to 
remove  the  market  house,  and  upon  what  terms.  After  an  in- 
effectual negotiation,  lasting  more  than  two  years,  resort  was  had 
to  legal  process.  At  the  September  term  of  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas,  1829,  an  indictment  was  presented  by  the  Grand  Jury 
against  the  Proprietors  of  the  Market  House,  for  keeping  up  and 
maintaining  "  a  certain  wooden  building,  extending  in  length 
thirty-four  feet  and  in  breadth  twenty-five  feet,  with  a  cellar 
under  the  same,  and  with  posts  and  railing  on  the  sides  thereof 
extending  in  length  forty  feet,  standing  upon  the  common  and 
public  highway  in  the  town  of  Cambridge."  The  case  was  con- 
tinued from  term  to  term  until  June,  1830,  when  the  result  is 
thus  recorded :  "  And  now,  Asahel  Stearns,  Esq.,  Attorney  for 
the  Commonwealth  in  this  behalf,  says,  the  within  named  defend- 
ants having  paid  the  costs  of  prosecution,  and  given  satisfactory 
security  for  the  removal  of  the  nuisance  within  forty  days  from 
this  seventeenth  of  June,  1830,  he  will  no  further  prosecute  this 
indictment."  In  due  time  the  building  was  removed,  and  the 
Square  has  since  remained  open  and  unobstructed. 

The  enclosure  at  the  corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Garden 
Street  is  generally  supposed  to  be  the  most  ancient  burial-place 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  233 

in  Cambridge.  It  was  used  for  that  purpose  as  early  as  January, 
4,  1635-6,  when  it  was  "  ordered,  that  the  burying-place  sh^ll  be 
paled  in  ;  whereof  John  Taylcot  is  to  do  2  rod,  Georg  Steele  3 
rod  and  a  gate,  Thomas  Hosmer  3  rod,  Mathew  Allen  1  rod, 
and  Andrew  Warner  appointed  to  get  the  remainder  done  at  a 
public  charge  ;  and  he  is  to  have  iiis.  a  rod."  But  at  an  earlier 
date,  April  7,  1634,  we  find  this  record :  "  Granted  John  Pratt 
two  acres  by  the  old  burying-place,  without  the  common  pales." 
This  evidently  refers  to  some  spot  devoted  to  the  burial  of  the 
dead,  earlier  than  the  one  then  in  use.  Its  location  is  not  cer- 
tainly known,  yet  it  is  indicated  with  some  degree  of  probability 
by  two  circumstances:  (1.)  The  lot  owned  by  John  Pratt  in 
1635,  was  situated  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  and  on 
both  sides  of  Milliard  Street.  (2.)  The  "common  pales"  are 
supposed  to  denote  the  stockade  which  was  erected  in  1632, 
nearly,  if  not  precisely  in  the  line  of  the  present  Ash  Street,  and 
of  which  Dr.  Holmes  says  traces  existed  when  he  wrote  his  His- 
tory in  1800.  It  is  not  unreasonable  then  to  suppose  that  "  the 
old  burying-place  without  the  common  pales  "  may  have  been  at 
or  near  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets,  in  the 
grounds  now  owned  by  Samuel  Batchelder,  Esq. 

A  hundred  years  after  the  second  burial-place  was  ordered  to 
be  "paled  in,"  the  town  enclosed  it  by  a  substantial  stone  wall, 
instead  of  the  old  wooden  fence,  or  pales.  The  corporation  of 
Harvard  College  contributed  one  sixth  part  of  the  expense, 
as  appears  by  their  Records  under  date  of  Oct.  20,  1735 : 
"  Whereas  there  is  a  good  stone  wall  erected  and  erecting  round 
the  burying-place  in  Cambridge,  which  will  come  to  about  <£150, 
and  whereas  there  has  been  a  considerable  regard  had  to  the 
College  in  building  so  good  and  handsome  a  wall  in  the  front ; 
and  the  College  has  used,  and  expects  to  make  use  of  the  bury- 
ing-place as  Providence  gives  occasion  for  it ;  therefore,  Voted, 
that  as  soon  as  the  said  stone  wall  shall  be  completed,  the  Treas- 
urer pay  the  sum  of  twenty-five  pounds  to  Samuel  Danforth, 
William  Brattle  and  Andrew  Bordman,  Esq8.,  a  committee  for 
the  town  to  take  care  of  the  said  fence."  After  another  hundred 
years,  in  his  Preface  to  "  Epitaphs  from  the  old  Bury  ing-ground 
in  Cambridge,"  1845,  Mr.  William  Thaddeus  Harris  says,  "  It  is 
rather  surprising,  that,  in  this  age  of  improvement,  Cambridge 
should  fall  behind  her  neighbors,  and  suffer  her  ancient  grave- 
yard to  lie  neglected.  Interesting  as  it  is  from  containing  within 
its  limits  the  '  tombs  of  the  prophets,'  the  spot  is  often  visited  by 


234  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

the  curious  stranger ;  but  it  is  to  be  feared  that  he  as  often 
leaves  it  with  feelings  of  regret  at  its  desolate  appearance."  It 
should  be  added,  that  this  "  desolate  appearance  "  has  been  almost 
entirely  removed  within  the  last  thirty  years,  and,  though  not  pro- 
fusely ornamented,  an  air  of  quiet  neatness  now  marks  the  spot. 
This  ground,  however,  was  of  such  limited  dimensions,  that  in 
the  course  of  nearly  two  hundred  years  the  mouldering  remains 
of  some  must  have  been  disturbed,  to  give  place  to  others.  The 
increasing  population  of  the  two  new  villages  in  the  easterly  part 
of  the  town  made  the  necessity  urgent  for  additional  room.  Ac- 
cordingly, at  a  Town-meeting,  May  27,  1811,  a  committee  was 
appointed  "  to  contract  for  a  piece  of  land  in  the  most  eligible 
situation,  for  a  new  burial-ground  in  Cambridgeport."  The 
Committee  reported,  August  5,  that  they  had  selected  a  spot, 
and  they  were  empowered  to  purchase  it.  On  the  first  day 
of  January,  1812,  Jonathan  L.  and  Benjamin  Austin,  for  $791.67, 
conveyed  to  the  town  two  acres  one'  quarter  and  twenty  rods  of 
land,  bounded  north  by  Broadway  and  east  by  Norfolk  Street, 
with  a  right  of  way  to  Harvard  Street  by  a  passage  forty  feet 
wide.  For  more  than  half  a  century  this  ground  was  used  as  a 
public  burying-place,  chiefly  by  the  inhabitants  of  Cambridge- 
port  and  East  Cambridge.  Meantime  the  beautiful  cemetery  at 
Mount  Auburn  was  consecrated  by  solemn  religious  services, 
Sept.  24,  1831,  and  the  less  extensive  but  scarcely  less  beautiful 
and  attractive  Cambridge  Cemetery  was  in  like  manner  con- 
secrated, Nov.  1,  1854.  In  one  or  the  other  of  these  cemeteries 
many  of  the  inhabitants  purchased  lots,  and  reverently  removed 
to  a  more  quiet  and  secluded  resting  place  the  remains  of  their 
deceased  friends.  The  ground,  being  comparatively  disused  for 
new  burials,  and  divested  of  many  treasures  formerly  deposited 
therein,  gradually  assumed  a  desolate  and  forlorn  appearance, 
until  a  general  desire  was  expressed  to  discontinue  entirely  its 
former  use  and  to  convert  "it  into  a  public  park.  Application 
was  accordingly  made  to  the  General  Court  for  permission  to 
effect  the  desired  change ;  and  on  the  29th  of  April,  1865,  it  was 
"  Resolved,  that  the  city  council  of  the  city  of  Cambridge  is 
hereby  authorized,  at  the  expense  of  said  city,  to  remove  the  re- 
mains of  the  dead  from  the  burial  ground  between  Broadway 
and  Harvard  Street  in  Ward  Number  Two,  in  said  Cambridge,  to 
the  Cambridge  Cemetery,  or  such  other  burial  place  in  the  vicin- 
ity of  Cambridge  as  the  relatives  and  friends  of  the  deceased  may 
designate  and  provide Said  ground  shall  be  surrounded  by 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 

suitable  enclosures,  and  shall  forever  remain  unused  for  a  public 
street,  unoccupied  by  any  building,  and  open  as  a  public  park. 
In  due  time  the  work  was  accomplished  ;  a  suitable  fence  was 
erected,  the  ground  properly  graded,  walks  constructed,  and  trees 
planted,  so  that  the  park  has  already  become  ornamental  to  the 
city.1 

Cambridge  Common  originally  extended  northwestwardly  as 
far  as  to  Linnaean  Street,  including  all  the  land  thus  far  between 
Garden  Street  and  North  Avenue.  It  was  used  for  military  pa- 
rades and  other  public  purposes,  but  especially  for  the  safe  keep- 
ing of  the  herd  of  cows,  through  the  nights  of  the  summer  sea- 
son, and  was  therefore  called  the  Cow-common.  In  April,  1720, 
a  survey  was  made  for  the  purpose  of  division  ;  but  the  work  was 
not  completed  until  1724,  when  that  portion  lying  northerly  of 
Waterhouse  Street  was  laid  out  into  lots,  which  were  assigned 
to  individuals.  The  Common  was  thus  reduced  substantially  to 
its  present  dimensions.  It  continued  to  be  the  property  of  the 
"  Proprietors  of  Common  Lands,"  until  Nov.  20,  1769,  when 
they  "  Voted,  that  all  the  common  lands  belonging  to  the  Pro- 
prietors, fronting  the  college,  commonly  called  the  Town  Com- 
mons, not  heretofore  granted  or  allotted  to  any  particular  person 
or  persons,  or  for  any  special  or  particular  use,  be  and  the  same 
is  hereby  granted  to  the  town  of  Cambridge,  to  be  used  as  a  train- 
ing-field, to  lie  undivided,  and  to  remain  for  that  use  forever ; 
provided  nevertheless,  that  if  the  said  town  should  dispose  of, 
grant,  or  appropriate  the  same,  or  any  part  thereof,  at  any  time 
hereafter,  to  or  for  any  other  use  than  that  aforementioned,  that 
then  and  in  such  case  the  whole  of  the  premises  hereby  granted  to 
said  town  shall  revert  to  the  Proprietors  granting  the  same,  and 
the  present  grant  shall  thereupon  be  deemed  null  and  void,  to  all 

1  Across  the  westerly  end  of  this  burial  upon  an  ancient  Indian  fireplace,  and  had 

place  a  large  lot  was  reserved  for  the  burial  to  remove  nearly  a  ton  of  stones  from  the 

of  paupers  and  strangers,  generally  called  spot.     That  part  of  the  town  being,  ac- 

the  "  Strangers'  Lot."  In  the  Cambridge  cording  to  appearance,  formerly  a  great 

Chronicle,  Aug.  20,   1846,  the  late  Mr.  place  for  Indian  resort,  we  expected  to 

Daniel  Stone,  who  had  long  been  Super-  come  across  other  relics  of  the  Red  men  ; 

intendent  of  the  ground,  published  some  but  before  and  since  that  time,  there  have 

reminiscences,  among  which  was  the  fol-  been  more  than  2500  burials  in  all  parts 

lowing :    "  Remarkable  Coincidence.    In  of  the  lot,  and  this  is  the  only  discovery 

February,  1826,  Lemuel  Johns,  an  Indian  we  have  made.    This  was  the  only  Indian 

aged  fifty-nine  years,  from  the  tribe  that  buried  in  the  ground,  and  it  would  seem 

once  owned  Grafton,  ....  was  buried  that  he  had  been  providentially  brought 

in  the  Strangers'  Lot,  as  his  turn  came  into  the  improvements  of  perhaps  some 

in  rotation.    From  two  to  three  feet  from  of  his  ancestors." 
the  top  of  the  ground,  the  diggers  came 


236  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

intents  and  purposes,  as  if  the  same  had  never  been  made."  At 
a  town  meeting,  March  3,  1828,  the  Selectmen  reported  that 
they  had  purchased  for  the  town  all  the  remaining  rights  of  the 
Proprietors  in  the  common  lands,  and  had  taken  "  a  good  and 
sufficient  deed  thereof,  and  caused  the  same  to  be  recorded." 

Before  the  Common  was  fully  released  to  the  town,  a  desire  was 
manifested  to  embellish  it  and  convert  it  into  a  pleasant  park. 
At  a  town  meeting,  April  7,  1823,  a  petition  was  presented  by 
William  Hilliard  and  others  for  liberty,  at  their  own  expense, 
"  to  make  certain  improvements  on  the  Common  in  said  town,  by 
setting  out  trees,  fencing  in  certain  parts,  etc.,  not  incompatible 
with  the  original  grant  to  said  town."  The  petition  was  referred 
to  a  Committee,  who  having  "  matured  nothing  "  were  discharged 
at  the  next  meeting.  The  matter  seems  then  to  have  rested 
until  June  5,  1830,  when  it  was  enacted  by  the  General  Court, 
"  that  Israel  Porter,  Stephen  Higginson,  Asahel  Stearns,  Joseph 
Holmes,  and  Francis  Dana,  with  their  associates,  be  and  they 
are  hereby  authorized  and  empowered,  at  their  own  expense,  and 
under  the  direction  of  two  commissioners,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
governor,  with  the  advice  of  the  council,  to  enclose  such  part  or 
parts  of  the  Common  in  Cambridge,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex, 
as  the  said  commissioners  shall  determine,  due  regard  being  had 
to  the  public  convenience  and  necessity.  And  the  said  commis- 
sioners, after  giving  due  notice  to  all  persons  interested,  shall 
have  power  to  make  such  alterations  with  respect  to  the  direction 
of  the  roads  by  which  the  said  common  is  traversed,  as  they  shall 
see  fit,  and  shall  designate  the  portion  or  portions  of  the  said 
common  to  be  enclosed,  by  metes  and  bounds,  and  shall  make 
report  of  their  doings,  under  their  hands  and  seals,  and  file  the 
same  in  the  Secretary's  office  as  soon  as  may  be  convenient  after 
the  said  service  shall  have  been  performed.  And  they  are  further 
authorized  and  empowered  to  level  the  surface  of  the  ground,  to 
plant  trees,  and  lay  out  and  make  walks  within  said  enclosure, 
in  such  manner  as,  with  the  approbation  of  the  selectmen  of  the 
said  town,  they  may  think  proper,  leaving  suitable  and  conven- 
ient avenues  for  the  accommodation  of  persons  who  may  have  oc- 
casion to  enter  or  pass  over  any  part  of  said  enclosure  on  foot. 
Be  it  further  enacted,  that  the  said  enclosure  shall  be  forever 
kept  and  appropriated  to  public  use  only,  as  a  public  park, 
promenade,  and  place  for  military  parade ;  and  no  part  thereof 
shall,  on  any  pretence,  be  appropriated  to  any  purpose  of  private 
use  or  emolument."  l  The  work  was  accomplished  in  due  time, 
1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  vii.  7. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  237 

and  the  expenses  were  defrayed  by  the  .petitioners  and  their  asso- 
ciates.    Meantime,  a  determined  opposition  to  any  enclosure  of 
the  Common  was  manifested  by  many  persons  in  East  Cam- 
bridge, and  by  certain  market-men  and  others  residing  in  Arling- 
ton and  elsewhere,  among  whom  Col.  Jeduthun  Wellington  was 
especially  prominent,  notwithstanding  the  weight  of  more  than 
fourscore   years.     On  their   petition    a  town  meeting  was    held, 
Oct.  8,  1830.     The  people  assembled  in  the  old  Court  House,  — 
the  usual  place  of  meeting ;  but  so  great  was  the  concourse  that 
they  immediately  adjourned  to  the  meeting-house  of  the  First 
Parish.     After  an  angry  and  stormy  debate,  it  was  voted,  by  a 
majority  of  169  against  119,  to  postpone  indefinitely  the  further 
consideration  of    the  first   and  second   articles   in   the  warrant, 
to  wit:   "Art.  1.  To  take  into  consideration  the  expediency  of 
petitioning  the  Legislature,  at  their  next  session,  so  far  to  repeal 
the  Act  passed  in  June  last,  authorizing  certain  persons  therein 
named  to  inclose  Cambridge  Common,  as  to  secure  to  the  public 
the  right  to  travel  over  the  said  Common  by  the  roads  heretofore 
laid  out  by  competent  authority.     Art.  2.  To  see  if  the  town 
will  take  any  measures  in  relation  to  the  proposed  inclosure  of 
Cambridge  Common."     Another  meeting  was  held,  Nov.  1, 1830, 
when  it  was  voted  by  a  majority  of  299  against  211,  to  postpone 
indefinitely  the  further  consideration  of  the  question,  whether  the 
town  will  petition  the  Legislature  so  far  to  repeal  the  act  author- 
izing the  enclosure  of  the  Common,  as  to  "  secure  to  the  public 
the  right  to  travel  over  said  Common  by  the  road  passing  by  Dr. 
Hill's  and  the  late  Deacon  Moore's  l  to  the  road  leading  to  Canal 
Bridge,2   and  also  the  right  to  travel  over  said  Common  by  the 
road  heretofore  called  the  Cambridge  and  Concord  Turnpike." 
Although  the  town  thus  declined  to  ask  for  even  a  partial  repeal 
of  the  obnoxious  act,  it  appears  that  individuals  presented  a  peti- 
tion to  the  General  Court ;  for  at  a  meeting  of  "  the  subscribers 
for  enclosing  and  ornamenting  Cambridge   Common,"  Jan.  11, 
1832,  it  was  voted,  "  to  request  the  Hon.  Judge  Fay  and  Prof. 
Ashmun  to  attend   before  the  Committee  of  the  Legislature  to 
defend  the  interests  of  the  subscribers."     The  appeal  to  the  Gen- 
eral Court  being  ineffectual,  as  a  last  resort  a  petition  was  pre- 
sented  to   the   County    Commissioners ;    whereupon   the   town, 
voting  by  ballot,  and  by  a  majority  of  343  against  111,  appointed 
Judge  Story,  Judge  Fay,  and  William  J.  Whipple,  "  to  oppose 
before  the  County  Commissioners,  and  otherwise,  the  petition  of 
1  Mason  Street.  2  Cambridge  Street. 


238  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Jeduthun  Wellington  and  others,  for  a  highway  to  be  laid  out 
over  Cambridge  Common."  The  history  and  result  of  this  peti- 
tion appear  on  the  records  of  the  Commissioners,  January  Term, 
1835  :  "  A  petition  of  Jeduthun  Wellington  and  others  for  a 
new  highway  across  Cambridge  Common  was  presented  to  the 
County  Commissioners  "  at  the  May  Term,  1832,  and  an  order  of 
notice  was  issued.  The  case  was  heard  at  the  September  Term, 
1832,  when  after  argument  and  due  deliberation,  the  Commission- 
ers "•  did  adjudge  and  determine  that  they  had  no  jurisdiction  in 
the  premises,  and  could  not  by  law  lay  out  and  establish  a  pub- 
lic highway  over  and  across  said  Common,  as  prayed  for,"  etc. 
"Whereupon  the  said  petitioners  applied  to  the  Supreme  Judicial 
Court  of  this  Commonwealth  for  a  mandamus  upon  said  Commis- 
sioners, requiring  them  to  exercise  jurisdiction  in  the  premises ; 
and  the  said  Supreme  Judicial  Court  having  refused  to  grant 
such  writ  of  mandamus,  it  is  now  ordered,  that  said  petition, 
which  has  been  continued  from  term  to  term,  to  await  the  deter- 
mination of  the  said  Supreme  Judicial  Court,  to  this  time,  be  dis- 
missed." Costs  of  Court  were  assessed  upon  the  petitioners,  who 
pursued  this  litigation  no  further.  This  result  was  highly  grati- 
fying and  advantageous  to  the  inhabitants  of  Old  Cambridge, 
who  thus  secured  in  perpetuity,  for  themselves  and  their  succes- 
sors, a  spacious  and  pleasant  park,  rich  in  historical  recollections. 
It  was  here  that  Washington  assumed  the  command  of  the  Amer- 
ican army ;  and  here  still  flourishes  the  venerable  elm,  under 
which  tradition  says  he  stood,  while  his  commission  was  read  and 
proclaimed.  Long  may  that  monumental  tree  escape  the  ravages 
of  the  rampant  vandalism  which  disgraces  the  present  age. 

But  the  benefit  thus  derived  was  not  without  its  drawback. 
The  old  proverb,  that  "  every  rose  has  its  thorn,"  was  verified  in 
this  case.  The  fierce  and  angry  contest,  which  gave  to  Old 
Cambridge  its  beautiful  Common,  indirectly  transferred  to  Cam- 
bridgeport  the  public  meetings  of  the  town  and  the  offices  for  the 
transaction  of  municipal  affairs.  The  old  Court  House  1  would 
not  contain  the  multitude  assembled  on  the  8th  of  October,  1830, 
and  the  meeting,  according  to  a  former  custom,  adjourned  to  the 

1  It  was  agreed,  Dec.  24,  1632,  "that  the  joint  expense  of  the  town  and  county, 

every  person  undersubscribed  shall  meet  to  be  used  for  both  court  house  and  town- 

every  first  Monday  in  every  month  within  house.    A  similar  concert  of  action  was 

the  meeting-house."     Probably  the  town  had  in  1756,  when  the  town  agreed   to 

meetings   were    uniformly    held    in    the  share  the  expense  of  erecting  a  new  court 

meeting-house,  or  church    edifice,  until  house,  which  was  also  used  as  a  town- 

about  1708,  when  a  house  was  erected  at  house  until  1831. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  239 

meeting-house  of  the  First  Parish.  It  is  understood  that  some 
members  of  that  Parish  expressed  a  natural  unwillingness  to 
have  their  house  of  worship  used  for  the  transaction  of  secular 
business,  and  especially  for  the  indulgence  and  expression  of 
angry  passions.  After  the  close  of  this  unpleasant  meeting, 
some  of  the  citizens  discussed  the  propriety  of  erecting  a  house 
sufficiently  large  to  accommodate  the  voters,  so  that  there  might 
be  no  further  occasion  to  use  the  church ;  and  it  very  naturally 
occurred  to  them  that  if  such  a  house  should  be  erected,  it  would 
be  well  to  place  it  where  it  would  best  accommodate  the  whole 
town.1  The  result  was  the  insertion  of  an  article  in  the  War- 
rant for  the  next  town-meeting,  Nov.  1, 1830,  "  to  see  if  the  town 
will  erect  a  Town-house  on  the  Almshouse  lot,  or  some  other 
suitable  spot,  as  prayed  for  by  John  Cook  and  others."  This 
article  was  referred  to  a  committee  consisting  of  three  prominent 
citizens  in  each  section  of  the  town,  to  wit :  Samuel  P.  P. 
Fay,  Royal  Makepeace,  John  Cook,  Stephen  Higginson,  Asahel 
Stearns,  Levi  Farwell,  William  Parmenter,  Samuel  S.  Green, 
and  Ephraim  Buttrick.  This  committee  reported,  March  7, 
1831,  "-that,  having  considered  the  subject,  it  is,  in  their  opinion, 
expedient  that  a  town-house  should  be  erected  on  the  easterly 
part  of  the  almshouse  lot  in  the  parish  of  Cambridgeport,  as 
more  central  to  the  population  of  the  town  than  the  present 
house,  and  that  a  house  sufficient  to  accommodate  the  town  may 
be  built  for  a  sum  not  exceeding  $2,000  :  that  when  such  house 
shall  be  finished,  all  town  meetings  should  be  held  therein  from 
and  after  that  time."  The  report  was  accepted  ;  and  Levi  Far- 
well,  Luther  S.  Gushing,  and  William  Parmenter  were  appointed 
as  a  committee  "  to  report  a  suitable  location,  prepare  plans,  and 
report  estimates  for  a  town-house."  At  the  next  town  meeting, 
April  4,  1831,  the  committee  recommended  that  the  town-house 
be  erected  at  the  northeasterly  corner  of  the  Almshouse  lot,2  and 
presented  a  plan  of  an  edifice,  drawn  by  Asher  Benjamin,  and 
estimated  to  cost  $2,505.  The  town  accepted  the  report,  elected 
a  building  committee,  consisting  of  John  Chamberlin,  Luther  S. 
Gushing,  and  William  Parmenter,  and  authorized  the  Treasurer 
to  pay  the  bills  therefor,  not  exceeding  the  sum  of  $3,000.  Sub- 
sequently an  additional  appropriation  of  $1,300  was  made.  The 
total  expense,  including  $296.09  for  furniture  and  $145.13  for 
fencing  the  lot,  was  $4,351.19.  In  asking  for  estimates,  the 

1  Some  of  these  facts  are  stated  on  the  2  At  the  corner  of  Harvard  and  Nor- 
authority  of  the  late  Samuel  S.  Green,  folk  streets,  where  the  Catholic  Church 
Esq.,  as  within  his  personal  knowledge.  now  stands. 


240  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

building  committee  inserted  this  specification  :  "  The  house  is  to 
be  of  wood,  forty-six  feet  in  front  or  breadth,  and  seventy-six 
feet  long,  with  posts  twenty  feet  and  four  inches  high,  and  the 
roof  one  fourth  of  its  base  in  height ;  on  each  end  of  the  building, 
in  addition  to  the  aforesaid  length,  will  be  a  portico,  of  six  feet  in 
width,  consisting  of  six  fluted  Doric  columns,  with  an  entablature 
and  pediment."  Internally,  there  was  one  principal  hall,  fifty- 
nine  feet  long,  of  the  whole  width  and  height  of  the  building. 
At  the  rear,  or  west  end,  were  two  rooms,  half  the  full  height, 
each  eighteen  feet  long  and  fifteen  feet  wide,  with  an  entry  be- 
tween them :  over  which  was  another  room  extending  across  the 
whole,  to  which  access  was  had  by  two  flights  of  stairs  from  the 
principal  hall.  The  town  held  its  first  meeting  in  the  new  house 
March  5,  1832,  and  all  subsequent  town-meetings  were  held  in 
the  same  place.  After  Cambridge  became  a  city  in  1846,  the 
Mayor  and  Aldermen  assembled  in  the  southerly  small  room,1 
and  the  Common  Council  in  the  larger  room  above,  until  the 
evening  of  Dec.  29,  1853,  when,  in  the  midst  of  a  furious  snow- 
storm, the  whole  building  was  utterly  consumed  by  fire.  Fortu- 
nately, all  the  Records  and  other  books  and  public  papers  were 
preserved,  the  larger  and  more  valuable  portion  being  removed 
while  the  flames  were  raging,  and  the  remainder  being  afterwards 
found  in  the  safe  uninjured,  except  that  they  were  discolored  by 
smoke.  After  the  destruction  of  this  edifice,  rooms  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  the  City  Government  were  obtained  in  the  Cam- 
bridge Athenaeum,  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Main  and  Pleasant 
streets.  This  edifice  was  subsequently  purchased  and  converted 
into  the  present  City  Hall. 

For  the  space  of  forty  years  after  the  erection  of  West  Boston 
Bridge,  Cambridgeport  was  an  isolated  village,  separated  from 
Old  Cambridge  by  a  belt  of  land  half  a  mile  in  width,  almost 
wholly  unoccupied  by  buildings.  East  Cambridge  was  even  more 
completely  separated  from  the  other  two  villages  by  the  Great 
Marsh.  In  1835,  the  heirs  of  Chief  Justice  Dana  sold  the  tract 
of  land  now  called  "  Dana  Hill,"  having  laid  it  out  into  streets 
and  lots ;  and  they  sold  other  portions  of  the  same  estate,  in 
1840,  extending,  on  the  northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  as  far 
westerly  as  Remington  Street.  Buildings  were  soon  erected  on 
this  territory,  so  that,  within  a  few  years,  Old  Cambridge  and 
Cambridgeport  became  one  continuous  village,  and  the  original 
1  The  northerly  room  was  the  office  of  the  City  Treasurer. 


CIVIL   HISTORY.  241 

parish  line  would  not  be  observed  by  a  stranger.  East  Cam- 
bridge also,  though  more  slowly,  approached  Cambridgeport, 
especially  on  Cambridge  Street ;  and  an  extensive  system  of 
improvement  has  been  recently  commenced,  which  promises  to 
convert  the  northerly  portion  of  the  Great  Marsh  into  dry  land, 
and  at  no  distant  day  to  unite  the  inhabited  portions  of  the  two 
villages  "  along  the  whole  line."  Meanwhile,  it  was  natural,  in 
the  early  days  when  the  two  new  villages  were  struggling  into 
existence,  that  a  spirit  of  rivalry,  sometimes  attended  by  jealousy, 
should  become  manifest  between  each  other  and  between  both 
and  the 'ancient  town.  Their  interests  were  sometimes  adverse. 
Sharp  contests  between  Cambridgeport  and  East  Cambridge,  or 
rather  between  the  large  landholders  in  the  two  places,  in  regard 
to  streets  and  bridges,  have  been  mentioned  elsewhere.  The  re- 
moval of  the  courts  and  the  public  offices  to  East  Cambridge,  by 
the  authority  of  the  County  Court,  was  a  sore  grievance  to  the 
people  of  Old  Cambridge,  and  by  no  means  agreeable  to  the  in- 
habitants of  Cambridgeport,  whose  access  to  the  Court  was  easier 
before  than  after  the  removal.  It  was  another  grievance  to  Old 
Cambridge,  that  the  municipal  government  should  be  removed 
from  its  time-honored  seat  to  Cambridgeport ;  but  this  was  ap- 
proved by  East  Cambridge,  because  the  new  place  was  easier  of 
access.  On  the  other  side,  the  new  villages  had  long  standing 
grievances,  growing  out  of  a  real  or  supposed  unwillingness  of 
Old  Cambridge  to  give  them  their  full  share  of  schools,  streets, 
and  other  public  conveniences.  Especially  in  regard  to  streets, 
they  frequently  complained  that  they  were  required  to  pay  their 
proportionate  share  of  the  expense  of  keeping  all  the  old  streets 
in  repair,  and  at  the  same  time  to  pay  the  whole  expense  of  mak- 
ing and  repairing  the  streets  necessary  for  their  own  convenience, 
including  those  which  were  constantly  used  by  Old  Cambridge 
in  passing  to  Boston.  At  the  expiration  of  half  a  century  after 
the  erection  of  the  bridge,  many  of  those  sources  of  mutual  jeal- 
ousy had  disappeared,  and  time  had  at  least  partially  healed  the 
wounds  occasioned  by  events  which  were  beyond  remedy.  The 
new  villages  had  become  sufficiently  strong  to  protect  their  own 
interests  and  to  secure  for  themselves  a  fair  and  equitable  pro- 
portion of  public  conveniences.  At  the  same  time,  no  one  section 
was  able  to  control  or  oppress  the  two  others  ;  and  it  does  not 
appear  that  any  desire  to  do  so  was  cherished.  Many  of  those 
who  had  been  active  in  the  early  struggles  had  passed  off  the 
stage ;  a  great  majority  of  the  inhabitants  had  become  such  since 

16 


242  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

those  struggles  ended ;  and  although  each  may  have  had  a  nat- 
ural desire  to  make  his  own  particular  dwelling-place  pleasant 
and  convenient,  and  may  have  cherished  a  generous  spirit  of 
rivalry,  yet  all  had  a  common  pride  in  the  reputation  of  the 
whole  town,  and  desired  the  prosperity  of  all  its  institutions. 

In  the  midst  of  this  general  harmony  and  peace,  a  desire  for  a 
division  of  the  town  was  unexpectedly  manifested  by  a  portion 
of  the  residents  in  Old  Cambridge,  who  presented  to  the  General 
Court  a  petition,  dated  Dec.  15,  1842,  as  follows :  — 

"  To  the  Honorable  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of 
the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts. 

"  The  undersigned  inhabitants  of  the  westerly  part  of  Cam- 
bridge, being  that  part  of  the  town  usually  called  Old  Cambridge, 
respectfully  represent,  — 

"  That,  in  consequence  of  the  rapid  increase  of  population  in 
those  parts  of  the  town  being  nearest  to  Boston,  and  called  Cam- 
bridgeport  and  East  Cambridge,  the  town  in  fact  consists  of  three 
distinct  and  separate  communities,  which  are  generally  known  to 
the  public  by  those  names,  and  each  of  which  has  a  Post  Office 
recognized  in  the  United  States  Laws  by  the  said  names  of  Cam- 
bridge, Cambridgeport,  and  East  Cambridge ;  That  the  time 
cannot  be  far  distant,  when  a  division  of  the  town,  for  the  con- 
venience of  elections  and  other  municipal  purposes,  will  be 
deemed  as  necessary  as  it  ever  has  been  at  any  former  period  of 
its  history,  when  the  towns  of  Newton,  Lexington,  Brighton  and 
West  Cambridge  were  successively  separated  from  the  parent 
town  of  Cambridge.  Your  petitioners  believe  that  the  present 
is  a  favorable  time  for  an  amicable  division  of  the  town,  and  they 
therefore  respectfully  pray  that  the  town  of  Cambridge  may  be 
divided,  and  that  that  part  thereof  lying  westerly  of  Lee  Street 
and  a  line  drawn  in  the  direction  of  said  street  northerly  to  the 
boundary  line  of  Somerville,  and  southerly  to  Watertown  Turn- 
pike, and  by  said  Turnpike  to  Charles  River,  may  be  incorporated 
as  a  distinct  town,  by  the  name  of  Cambridge." 

Legislative  action  was  postponed  until  the  next  General  Court, 
when  a  supplementary  petition  was  presented,  identical  with  the 
former,  with  slight  verbal  changes,  except  that  the  name  "  Old 
Cambridge  "  was  proposed  instead  of  "  Cambridge."  The  cus- 
tomary order  of  notice  on  both  petitions  was  issued,  requiring 
the  town  to  show  cause  why  it  should  not  be  divided,  and  the 
inhabitants  assembled  Jan.  22,  1844  :  at  which  meeting  it  is  re- 
corded, that  "  The  subject  of  the  second  article  in  the  warrant 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  243 

being  under  consideration,  the  following  Preamble  and  Resolu- 
tions were  adopted,  —  312  voting  in  the  affirmative,  and  73  in 
the  negative  :  Whereas,  it  is  understood  that  there  are  now  pend- 
ing before  the  honorable  Legislature  two  petitions,  ....  praying 
for  a  division  of  this  town  ;  and  whereas  an  order  of  notice  .... 
has  been  issued  and  duly  served  on  this  town  ;  .  .  .  .  and  whereas 
the  inhabitants  of  the  town,  in  pursuance  of  a  warrant  issued  by 
the  selectmen,  are  now  in  town  meeting  assembled,  to  take  into 
consideration  the  subject  of  the  division  of  the  town  ;  and  whereas, 
after  full  inquiry  made  and  full  discussion  had,  no  person  on  be- 
half of  the  petitioners  being  able  to  show  any  good  and  sufficient 
reason  for  such  division  :  therefore 

"  Resolved,  that  the  division  of  this  town,  as  prayed  for  in 
either  of  said  petitions,  or  in  any  other  manner,  would  be  not 
only  inexpedient,  but  greatly  and  permanently  prejudicial  to  the 
true  interests  and  the  legitimate  weight  and  influence  of  the 
town." 

A  committee  was  thereupon  appointed,  representing  the  sev- 
eral principal  villages,  "  to  appear  before  the  Legislature  and 
oppose  any  such  division  of  the  town."  The  case  was  earnestly 
contested,  but  the  opposition  was  successful.  The  General  Court, 
in  the  absence  of  any  good  reason  for  division,  granted  leave  to 
withdraw  the  petition  ;  and  the  town  had  rest  for  two  years. 

At  the  March  meeting l  succeeding  this  attempt  to  divide  the 
town,  for  the  purpose  of  obviating  one  of  the  difficulties  in  the 
administration  of  municipal  affairs,  a  committee  was  "  appointed 
to  consider  the  expediency  of  combining  the  duties  of  sundry 
Boards  of  town-officers,  imposing  said  duties  upon  a  single  Board, 
and  paying  to  the  persons  performing  said  duties  a  reasonable 
compensation  for  their  services."  This  committee  submitted  a 
report,  May  12,  1845,  recommending  "  that  the  Boards  of  Asses- 
sors, Overseers  of  the  Poor,  and  Surveyors  of  Highways  be  abol- 
ished, and  the  duties  heretofore  performed  by  those  Boards  be 
in  future  discharged  by  the  Board  of  Selectmen ;  that  the  duties 
of  Auditor  of  Accounts  be  transferred  to  the  Town  Clerk,  who 
shall  ex-officio  be  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Selectmen  ;  that  the  chair- 
man of  the  Board  of  Selectmen  be  ex-officio  a  member  of  the 
School  Committee ;  that  the  Selectmen  be  authorized  and  re- 
quired annually  to  appoint  some  member  of  their  Board  to  be 
Chief  Engineer ;  and  that  the  Selectmen  and  Town  Clerk  be 
reasonably  paid  for  their  services."  The  report  was  recommitted, 

1  March  11,  1844. 


244  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

with  authority  to  revise  and  print.  It  came  up  for  final  action, 
Jan.  5,  1846,  and  its  further  consideration  was  indefinitely  post- 
poned. 

After  the  defeat  of  this  measure,  several  citizens,  before  leav- 
ing the  Town-house,  being  confident  that  some  change  in  the 
method  of  conducting  the  public  business  was  highly  desirable, 
if  not  indeed  imperatively  necessary,  signed  a  petition  requesting 
the  Selectmen  to  appoint  a  legal  meeting,  to  see  if  the  town 
would  ask  for  a  City  Charter.  Accordingly  the  inhabitants  of 
the  town  met,  Jan.  14,  1846,  and  "  voted,  that  the  Selectmen  be 
instructed  to  petition  the  Legislature  for  the  grant  of  a  City 
Charter.  Voted,  that  the  Selectmen,  together  with  Simon 
Greenleaf,  Omen  S.  Keith,  Abraham  Edwards,  Sidney  Willard, 
Thomas  Whittemore,  Isaac  Livermore,  William  Parmenter,  Eph- 
raim  Buttrick,  Thomas  F.  Norris,  and  the  Town  Clerk,  be  a 
Committee  to  draft  a  Bill  in  conformity  to  the  preceding  vote, 
and  to  use  all  proper  means  to  procure  its  passage." 

A  renewed  effort  was  made  for  a  division  of  the  town,  while 
action  on  the  petition  for  a  City  Charter  was  pending  ;  but  now, 
as  before,  a  large  majority  of  the  whole  town  opposed  the  division. 
At  a  town  meeting,  Feb.  18,  1846,  by  the  votes  of  246  in  the 
affirmative  against  50  in  the  negative,  it  was  "  Resolved,  that, 
in  the  judgement  of  this  meeting,  the  true  interest  and  glory  of 
the  town  of  Cambridge  require  that  it  remain  undivided.  Re- 
solved, that  we  will  oppose  the  division  of  the  town,  as  prayed 
for,  ....  by  all  fair  means.  Resolved,  that  the  Selectmen  be 
requested  to  appear  before  the  Committee  of  the  Legislature  to 
whom  said  petition  has  been  committed,  and  to  oppose  the  prayer 
of  said  petition,  and  to  employ  counsel,  if  they  shall  deem  it  ex- 
pedient." After  a  full  hearing,  the  petitioners,  as  in  the  former 
case,  had  leave  to  withdraw  their  petition,  and  the  town  again 
escaped  dismemberment. 

Before  narrating  the  result  of  the  petition  for  a  City  Charter, 
one  more  effort  for  a  division  may  be  mentioned.  In  January, 
1855,  a  petition  was  presented  to  the  General  Court,  short,  but 
expressive  and  very  remarkable :  "  To  the  Honorable  the  Sen- 
ate and  House  of  Representatives  in  General  Court  assembled  : 
Your  petitioners  pray  that  a  portion  of  the  westerly  part  of  the 
City  of  Cambridge  comprising  Ward  One  l  be  set  off  and  incor- 
porated into  a  town  by  the  name  of  Cambridge,  and  that  the 

1  Ward  One  then  embraced  all  the  territory  lying  westerly  of  the  line  of  Dana 
Street. 


CIVIL  HISTORY.  245 

remaining  portion  of  the  territory  of  said  City  be  called  Cara- 
bridgeport,  or  such  other  name  as  may  seem  fit."  This  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  petition  from  certain  inhabitants  of  the  Third  Ward, 
asking  to  be  incorporated  as  a  distinct  town,  but  more  modestly 
requesting  that  the  new  town  might  be  called  East  Cambridge. 
On  the  21st  of  February,  1855,  orders  of  notice  on  these  petitions 
having  been  read,  it  was  ordered,  by  concurrent  vote  of  the  City 
Council,  "  That  the  Mayor  be  authorized  to  adopt  such  measures 
in  opposition  to  the  prayer  of  said  petitions  as  he  shall  judge  ex- 
pedient ;  and  that  he  be  also  authorized  to  employ  counsel,  if  he 
shall  deem  it  expedient."  It  is  proper  to  mention  the  fact,  that 
when  this  vote  to  resist  a  division  of  the  City  was  passed,  the 
First  and  Third  Wards,  in  which  the  petitions  originated,  had  a 
clear  majority  of  members  both  in  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and  in 
the  Common  Council.  The  petition  from  East  Cambridge  was 
not  urgently  pressed  ;  but  upon  that  from  Old  Cambridge  an 
earnest  struggle  ensued.1  The  opposition  was  again  successful, 
and  Cambridge  remained  undivided.  Whatever  excitement  at- 
tended this  contest  speedily  abated,  and  those  who  were  most 
prominently  active  on  either  side  cherished  a  spirit  of  mutual 
friendship  and  respect  as  aforetime.  And  now,  after  an  interval 
of  more  than  twenty  years,  it  is  not  known  that  a  desire  for  divis- 
ion is  entertained  in  any  section  of  the  city. 

The  petition  for  a  City  Charter  was  opposed  by  the  citizens 
who  desired  a  division  of  the  town ;  but  its  advocates  presented 
such  satisfactory  arguments  in  its  favor  that  it  was  granted,  and 
"  An  Act  to  establish  the  City  of  Cambridge  "  was  approved 
March  17,  1846,  containing  a  provision  that  it  "  shall  be  void, 
unless  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  at  a  legal  town 
meeting,  called  for  that  purpose,  shall,  by  a  majority  of  the 
voters  present  and  voting  thereon  by  ballot,  determine  to  adopt 
the  same,  within  twenty  days  after  its  passage."  Such  a  meet- 
ing was  held  March  30,  1846,  when,  according  to  the  Record, 
"  the  polls  having  been  opened  at  twenty  minutes  past  ten 
o'clock,  A.  M.,  for  the  reception  of  ballots  on  the  question  whether 
the  town  will  adopt  the  Act  of  the  Legislature,  passed  on  the 
17th  of  March  instant,  entitled  '  An  Act  to  establish  the  City  of 

1  In  his  argument  against  division,  the  precedented  request;  and  that  their  sug- 

principal  speaker  made  effective  use  of  the  gestion   was  altogether  gratuitous,  that 

extraordinary  fact,  that  the  petitioners,  "  the  remaining  portion  of  the  territory 

like  their  predecessors   in  1844,  did  not  of  said  city  be  called  Cambridgeport,  or 

ask  to  be  set  off  from  Cambridge,  but  to  such  other  name  as  may  seem  fit." 
be  incorporated  as  Cambridge,  —  an  un- 


246  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Cambridge,'  and  closed,  agreeably  to  vote,  at  six  o'clock,  P.  M., 
the  result  was  ascertained  to  be  as  follows  ;  whole  number  of 
ballots,  869  ;  in  the  affirmative,  645 ;  in  the  negative,  224 ;  the 
majority  in  favor  of  adopting  said  Act  being  421.  Whereupon 
said  result  was  announced  by  the  Moderator,  and  proclamation 
made,  that  the  Town  of  Cambridge,  having  accepted  its  Charter 
by  the  requisite  majority  of  votes,  as  therein  prescribed,  had  be- 
come a  City." 


CHAPTER  XV. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

As  stated  more  at  large  in  chapter  ii.,  Cambridge  was  originally 
designed  to  be  a  fortified  town,  the  seat  of  government,  and  the 
residence  of  the  rulers.  It  was  agreed,  Dec.  28,  1630,  that  all 
the  Assistants,  except  two,  should  build  there  "  the  next  spring, 
and  to  winter  there  the  next  year."  Dudley  and  his  son-in-law, 
Bradstreet,  were  the  only  Assistants  who  fully  performed  what 
was  promised.  Apparently  there  were  very  few  inhabitants  in 
the  town  for  a  year  and  a  half,  until  Aug.  14,  1632,  when  "•  the 
Braintree  Company,"  otherwise  called  "  Mr.  Hooker's  Com- 
pany," were  directed  by  the  Court  to  remove  thither.  Under 
such  circumstances,  it  is  not  surprising,  that,  contrary  to  the 
usual  custom,  a  church  was  not  immediately  organized,  and  a 
house  erected  and  dedicated  to  the  service  of  God.  There  is  no 
evidence  within  my  knowledge  that  meetings  were  held  in  Cam- 
bridge for  religious  worship,  before  the  arrival  of  "  Mr.  Hook- 
er's company ; "  and  for  a  whole  year  afterwards,  until  Mr. 
Hooker  himself  arrived,  this  flock  probably  had  no  pastor  nor 
stated  teacher.  Meantime,  Prince  says,1  on  authority  of  a  man- 
uscript letter,  that  in  "  this  year  (1632)  is  built  the  first  house 
for  public  worship  at  Newtown  (after  called  Cambridge)  with  a 
bell  upon  it."  No  notice  of  the  erection  of  such  a  house  is  found 
on  the  records  of  the  town  ;  yet  the  fact  that  it  had  been  erected 
seems  to  be  recognized  in  an  agreement  made  Dec.  24,  1632, 
"  that  every  person  undersubscribed  shall  meet  every  first  Mon- 
day in  every  month,  within  the  meeting-house  2  in  the  afternoon, 
within  half  an  hour  after  the  ringing  of  the  bell."  The  connec- 
tion between  Mr.  Hooker  and  the  "  Braintree  Company  "  is  re- 
lated by  Mather,  and  more  concisely  by  Dr.  Holmes :  "  The 
recent  settlers  of  Newtown  had,  while  in  England,  attended  the 
ministry  of  the  Reverend  Thomas  Hooker,  who,  to  escape  fines 

1  Annals,  ii.  75.  worship,  was  on  the  southwesterly  corner 

8  The  house  first  erected    for    public    of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn  streets. 


248  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  imprisonment,  for  his  nonconformity,  had  now  fled  into  Hol- 
land. To  enjoy  the  privilege  of  such  a  pastor,  they  were  willing 
to  migrate  to  any  part  of  the  world.  No  sooner,  therefore,  was 
he  driven  from  them,  than  they  turned  their  eyes  towards  New 
England.  They  hoped  that,  if  comfortable  settlements  could  be 
made  in  this  part  of  America,  they  might  obtain  him  for  their  pas- 
tor. Immediately  after  their  settlement  at  Newtown,  they  ex- 
pressed their  earnest  desires  to  Mr.  Hooker,  that  he  would  come 
over  into  New  England,  and  take  the  pastoral  charge  of  them. 
At  their  desire,  he  left  Holland;  and,  having  obtained  Mr. 
Samuel  Stone,  a  lecturer  at  Torcester,  in  Northamptonshire,  for 
an  assistant  in  the  ministry,  took  his  passage  for  America,  and 

arrived  at  Boston  September  4, 1633 Mr.  Hooker,  on  his 

arrival  at  Boston,  proceeded  to  Newtown,  where  he  was  received 
with  open  arms  by  an  affectionate  and  pious  people.  He  was 
now  chosen  pastor,  and  Mr.  Stone  teacher,  of  the  people  at  New- 
town  ;  and  on  the  llth  of  October,  1633,  after  solemn  fasting  and 
prayer,  they  were  ordained  to  their  respective  offices."  l  Under 
this  date,  Winthrop  says,  —  "A  fast  at  Newtown,  where  Mr. 
Hooker  was  chosen  pastor,  and  Mr.  Stone  teacher,  in  such  man- 
ner as  before  at  Boston."  2  As  he  says  nothing  concerning  the 
organization  of  the  Church  at  that  time,  it  would  seem  probable 
that  it  had  been  constituted  previously,  but  at  what  precise  date 
does  not  appear.  From  the  same  authority  we  learn  the  name  of 
the  Ruling  Elder  of  this  church,  in  September,  1634  :  "  At  this 
court,  Mr.  Goodwin,  a  very  reverend  and  godly  man,  being  the 
elder  of  the  congregation  of  Newtown,  having  in  heat  of  argument, 
used  some  unreverend  speech  to  one  of  the  assistants,  and  being 
reproved  for  the  same  in  the  open  court,  did  gravely  and  humbly 
acknowledge  his  fault,  &c."  3  In  1636,  the  Church  with  its  officers 
removed  to  Hartford,  Connecticut,  as  related  in  chapter  iv.,  and 
thenceforth  ceased  all  visible  connection  with  Cambridge.4 

Meantime  a  new  company  arrived  from  England,  under  the 
leadership  of  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  who  purchased  the  houses 
and  lands  of  their  predecessors,  and  organized  a  new  church  even 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  12.  gifts  and  graces,  his  Christian   humility 

2  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  115.  was  conspicuous  at  the  hour    of  death. 
8  Ibid.,  i.  142.     Elder  William   Good-    As  related  by  Mather,   "  when  one   that 

win,  eminent  in  the  State  as  well  as  in  the  stood  weeping  by  the  bed  side  said  unto 

Church,    died    at    Farmington,    Conn.,  him,  '  Sir,  you  are  going  to  receive  the 

March  11,  1672-3.  reward  of  all    your   labors,'    he   replied, 

4  Mr.  Hooker,  that  "  bright  and  shin-  '  Brother,  I  am  going  to  receive  mercv.' " 

in<j  light,"  died  July  7,  1647.     Though  The  pious,  learned,  and  witty  Mr.  Stone 

renowned   "  in    both   Englands  "    for  his  died  July  20,  1 663. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  249 

before  the  actual  removal  of  the  former,  embracing  probably  a 
very  few  of  its  members  who  remained  here.  Winthrop,  who 
undoubtedly  was  present,  describes  with  much  particularity  the 
organization  of  this  Church,  under  date  of  Feb.  1,  1635-6 :  — 

"  Mr.  Shepherd,  a  godly  minister,  came  lately  out  of  England, 
and  divers  other  good  Christians,  intending  to  raise  a  church 
body,  came  and  acquainted  the  magistrates  therewith,  who  gave 
their  approbation.  They  also  sent  to  all  the  neighboring  churches, 
for  their  elders  to  give  their  assistance,  at  a'  certain  day,  at  New- 
town,  when  they  should  constitute  their  body.  Accordingly,  at 
this  day,  there  met  a  great  assembly,  where  the  proceeding  was 
as  followeth :  —  Mr.  Shepherd  and  two  others  (who  were  after  to 
be  chosen  to  office)  sate  together  in  the  elder's  seat.  Then  the 
elder  of  them  began  with  prayer.  After,  this,  Mr.  Shepherd 
prayed  with  deep  confession  of  sin,  etc.,  and  exercised  out  of 
Eph.  v.  —  that  he  might  make  it  to  himself  a  holy,  etc.  ;  and 
also  opened  the  cause  of  their  meeting,  etc.  Then  the  elder  de- 
sired to  know  of  the  churches  assembled,  what  number  were 
needful  to  make  a  church,  and  how  they  ought  to  proceed  in  this 
action.  Whereupon  some  of  the  ancient  ministers,  conferring 
shortly  together,  gave  answer,  that  the  Scripture  did  not  set  down 
any  certain  rule  for  the  number.  Three  (they  thought)  were 
too  few,  because  by  Matt,  xviii.,  an  appeal  was  allowed  from 
three  ;  but  that  seven  might  be  a  fit  number.  And,  for  their  pro- 
ceeding, they  advised,  that  such  as  were  to  join  should  make  con- 
fession of  their  faith,  and  declare  what  work  of  grace  the  Lord 
had  wrought  in  them ;  which  accordingly  they  did,  Mr.  Shepherd 
first,  then  four  others,  then  the  elder,  and  one  who  was  to  be 
deacon,  (who  had  also  prayed,)  and  another  member.  Then  the 
covenant  was  read,  and  they  all  gave  a  solemn  assent  to  it.  Then 
the  elder  desired  of  the  churches,  that,  if  they  did  approve  them 
to  be  a  church,  they  would  give  them  the  right  hand  of  fellowship. 
Whereupon  Mr.  Cotton,  (upon  short  speech  with  some  others 
near  him,)  in  the  name  of  their  churches,  gave  his  hand  to  the 
elder,  with  a  short  speech  of  their  assent,  and  desired  the  peace 
of  the  Lord  Jesus  to  be  with  them.  Then  Mr.  Shepherd  made 
an  exhortation  to  the  rest  of  his  body,  about  the  nature  of  their 
covenant,  and  to  stand  firm  to  it,  and  commended  them  to  the 
Lord  in  a  most  heavenly  prayer.  Then  the  elder  told  the  assem- 
bly, that  they  were  intended  to  choose  Mr.  Shepherd  for  their 
pastor,  (by  the  name  of  the  brother  who  had  exercised,)  and  de- 
sired the  churches,  that,  if  they  had  any  thing  to  except  against 


250  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

him,  they  would  impart  it  to  them  before  the  day  of  ordination. 
Then  he  gave  the  churches  thanks  for  their  assistance,  and  so  left 
them  to  the  Lord."  l 

The  relations  previously  existing  between  Mr.  Shepard  and 
many  of  the  early  members  of  this  Church  are  mentioned  by  him- 
self in  his  autobiography.  Born  Nov.  5,  1605,  at  Towcester, 
Northamptonshire,  and  educated  at  Emanuel  College  in  Cam- 
bridge, A.  B.  1623,  A.  M.  1627,  he  took  orders  in  the  English 
Church  ;  but  as  he  could  not  conscientiously  conform  to  all  its 
ceremonies,  he  was  constantly  harassed  by  its  rulers,  and  pre- 
vented from  the  exercise  of  his  ministry  in  peace.  After  preach- 
ing at  Earles  Colne  somewhat  more  than  three  years  (where  he 
secured  the  lasting  friendship  of  Roger  Harlakenden),  and  about 
a  year  at  Buttercrambe,  Yorkshire  (where  he  married  his  first 
wife),  and  another  year  in  sundry  places  in  Northumberland,  he 
sought  refuge  from  constant  persecution,  by  a  removal  to  New 
England.  He  failed  in  his  first  attempt,  however,  being  driven 
back  by  stress  of  weather ;  but  his  second  attempt  was  success- 
ful, and  he  arrived  at  Boston  Oct.  3,  1635,  with  his  "  wife,  child, 
brother  Samuel,  Mr.  Harlakenden,  Mr.  Cooke,  &c."  2  Two  days 
afterwards,  he  came  to  Cambridge  and  took  lodgings  at  the  house 
of  Mr.  Stone.  "  The  reasons,"  says  he  in  his  Autobiography, 
"  which  swayed  me  to  come  to  New  England,  were  many.  1.  I 
saw  no  call  to  any  other  place  in  Old  England  nor  way  of  sub- 
sistence in  peace  and  comfort  to  me  and  my  family.  2.  Diverse 
people  in  Old  England  of  rny  dear  friends  desired  me  to  go  to 
New  England,  there  to  live  together,  and  some  went  before  and 

i  Savage's  Winthrop,  \.  180.     The  or-  together,  they  may  supply  what  this  pres- 

ganization  of  this  Church  is  commemo-  ent  work  lacks  in  the  graces  of  descrip- 

rated  in  A   Discourse   on   the  Cambridge  tion  and  fullness  of  detail.      A  general 

Church    Gathering  in    1636,   delivered    in  reference   is   now  made,  once  for  all,  to 

the   First    Church   on    Sunday,   February  those  Lectures  for  a  particular  account  of 

22,   1846,  by    William   Nevaell,  Pastor  of  the  doctrines  taught  and  the  books  writ- 

the  First   Church  in  Cambridge.     See  also  ten  by  Mr.   Shepard  and  bv  his  succes- 

Lectures    on    the     History    of   the    First  sors  in  the  ministry. 

Church  in  Cambridge,  by  Alexander  Me-  2  Besides    these,   he    mentions   among 

Kenzie,   Pastor  of  the    First   Church    in  the  brethren  who  shared  his  unsuccessful 

Cambridge   and    Shepard    Congregational  attempt  to  cross  the  ocean,  and  who  af- 

Society,  in  which   not  only  is  the  gath-  terwards  became  members  of  his  church, 

ering  of  the  church   described,   but  its  "  brothers     Champney,     Frost,"    subse- 

subsequent  history  traced  to  1872.    The  quently  Ruling  Elders,   "  Goffe,  and   di- 

Discourse    relates  the  facts,  embellished  verse  others,  most  dear  saints."    He  also 

with  the  charms  of  a  highly  poetic  im-  acknowledges   special    acts    of   kindness 

agination ;  the  Lectures  exhibit  the  fruits  rendered  to  him  in  England  by  Mr.  Bus- 

of  careful  and  patient  investigation,  and  sell,  Mr.  Collins,  and   Mrs.  Sherborne, — 

a  loyal  adherence  to  the  truth  of  history ;  names  afterwards  familiar  in  Cambridge. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  251 

writ  to  me  of  providing  a  place  for  a  company  of  us,  one  of  which 
was  John  Bridge,1  and  I  saw  diverse  families  of  my  Christian 
friends,  who  were  resolved  thither  to  go  with  me.  3.  I  saw  the 
Lord  departed  from  England  when  Mr.  Hooker  and  Mr.  Cotton 
were  gone,  and  I  saw  the  hearts  of  most  of  the  godly  set  and 
bent  that  way,  and  I  did  think  I  should  feel  many  miseries  if  I 
stayed  behind.  4.  My  judgment  was  then  convinced  not  only  of 
the  evil  of  ceremonies,  but  of  mixed  communion,  and  joining 
with  such  in  sacraments,  though  I  ever  judged  it  lawful  to  join 
with  them  in  preaching.  5.  I  saw  it  my  duty  to  desire  the  frui- 
tion of  all  God's  ordinances,  which  I  could  not  enjoy  in  Old  Eng- 
land. 6.  My  dear  wife  did  much  long  to  see  me  settled  there  in 
peace,  and  so  put  me  on  to  it.2  7.  Although  it  was  true  I  should 
stay  and  suffer  for  Christ,  yet  I  saw  no  rule  for  it  now  the  Lord 
had  opened  a  door  for  escape ;  otherwise  I  did  incline  much  to 
stay  and  suffer,  especially  after  our  sea  storms.  8.  Though  my 
ends  were  mixed,  and  I  looked  much  to  my  own  quiet,  yet  the 
Lord  let  me  see  the  glory  of  those  liberties  in  New  England,  and 
made  me  purpose,  if  ever  I  come  over,  to  live  among  God's  peo- 
ple as  one  come  out  from  the  dead,  to  his  praise." 

Actuated  by  such  motives,  Mr.  Shepard  entered  upon  the  work 
of  the  ministry  here.  His  ordination  doubtless  soon  followed 
the  organization  of  the  church,  but  the  precise  date  is  not  re- 

1  John  Bridge  became  a  deacon  of  the  her,  she  being  unable  to  come  unto  us. 
church  here.  And  because  we  feared  her  end  was  not 

2  Mrs.   Shepard  lived  only  a  fortnight  far  off  we  did   solemnly  ask  her  if  she 
after  this  "  settlement  in  peace  "  seemed  was  desirous  to  be  a  member  with  us; 
to  be  secured  by  the  organization  of  the  which   she   expressing,  and   so   entering 
church.     She  was  doubtless  the  first  fe-  into  covenant  with  us,  we  thereupon  all 
male  admitted  as  a  member  of  the  newly  took  her  by  the  hand  and  received  her  as 
constituted  body.     Her  husband  left  on  become  one  with  us,  having  had  full  trial 
record  an  affecting  account  of  her  admis-  and  experience  of  her  faith  and  life  before, 
sion  and  her  "unspeakable  joy,"  which  At  this  time  and  by  this  means  the  Lord 
was  quoted  and  preserved  by  Rev.  Cotton  did  not  only  show  us  the  worth  of  this 
Mather,  in  a  Sermon  entitled  The  Tern-  ordinance,  but  gave  us  a  seal  of  his  ac- 
ple  Opening   (1709),   pp.   30,   31  :    "An-  cepting  of  us  and  of  his  presence  with  us 
other  passage    must   be  from   our   cele-  that  day  ;  for  the  Lord  hereby  filled  her 
brated    Shepard,   who   in   a    manuscript  heart  with  such  unspeakable  joy  and  as- 
which  I   have  in   my  hands  relates  the  surance  of  God's  love,  that  she  said  to  us 
gathering  of    the   church  at    Cambridge  she  had  now  enough ;  and  we  were  afraid 
quickly  after  his  coming  into  New  Eng-  her  feeble  body  would  have  at  that  time 

land,  and  the  condition  of  his  own  virtu-  fallen  under  the  weight  of  her  joy 

ous  consort,  at  that  time  very  near  her  And  thus,  a  fortnight  almost  before  her 

death  of  consumption.     The  relation  has  death  unto  her  departure,  in  the  midst  of 

these  words  in  it :    '  It  pleased  the  Lord  most  bitter  afflictions  and  anguishes,  her 

to  join  us  into  church-fellowship.    After  peace  continued.' " 

the  day  was  ended,  we  came  to  her  cham- 


252  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

corded.  From  the  concurrent  testimony  of  his  contemporaries, 
during  his  short  ministry  his  praise  was  in  all  the  churches.  No 
record  of  admissions  to  the  church  is  known  to  have  been  made 
by  Mr.  Shepard,  except  a  small  manuscript  volume  in  the  library 
of  the  New  England  Historic  Genealogical  Society,  entitled, 
"  The  Confessions  of  Diverse  propounded  to  be  received  and 
were  entertained  as  Members." l  It  contains  fifty  confessions, 
all  in  the  handwriting  of  Mr.  Shepard,  varying  in  length  from  a 
quarter  of  one  page,2  to  eight  pages.3  Only  two  bear  any  date, 
namely,  the  forty-first,4  Jan.  8, 1640,  and  the  forty-seventh,5  Jan. 
7,  1644.  The  first  in  the  series,  though  one  of  the*  shortest,  may 
serve  as  a  specimen  of  their  character  :  — 

"  Edward  Hall's  Confession.  The  first  means  of  his  good 
was  Mr.  Glover's  ministry,  whereby  he  saw  his  misery  from  Jer. 
7,  the  temple  of  the  Lord,  and  that  he  was  without  Christ.  But 
he  went  from  thence  to  another  place,  under  the  sense  of  an 
undone  condition ;  but  in  that  place  he  was  deprived  of  the  or- 
dinances of  God,  and  hence  the  Scripture  came  oft  to  mind, 
what  if  a  man  win  the  world,  and  lose  his  soul  ?  Hence  he  de- 
sired to  come  to  that  place  again  ;  but  the  minister  was  gone. 
But  Mr.  Jenner  came,  and  by  him  he  saw  more  evil  in  himself  ; 
but  Mr.  S.6  came,  and  then  the  Lord  did  more  clearly  manifest 
himself  to  him  from  John  3,  concerning  the  new  birth.  And  here 
he  saw  more  of  his  misery,  and  that  he  had  followed  examples 
and  duties,  and  made  them  his  Christ,  and  lived  without  Christ. 
Hereby  the  Lord  let  him  see  he  was  Christless,  and  built  upon 
false  foundations,  and  by  this  text  he  saw  himself  no  new  crea- 
ture, but  only  a  mended  man.  Now  when  the  Lord  did  humble 
him  under  this,  he  saw  the  want  of  Christ,  and  that  without  him 
he  must  perish.  And  afterwards  John  5.  40  was  opened,  you 
will  not  come  to  me  to  have  life  ;  and  here  he  saw  how  freely 
Christ  was  offered,  and  hereby  the  Lord  did  stay  and  comfort 
his  spirit,  and  so  was  stirred  up  with  more  vehemency  to  seek 
Christ.  And  then  that  promise  was  opened,  the  Son  of  man 
came  to  seek  that  which  was  lost ;  and  he  did  not  know  but  the 
Lord  might  seek  him.  And  out  of  that  text,  1  Pet.  2.  8,  that 
unto  you  that  believe  he  is  precious  ;  and  here  he  saw  his  unbe- 
lief in  cleaving  to  Christ  by  fits  and  starts.  And  since  the  Lord 

1  See  N.  E.  Hist.  Gen.  Register,  xxiii.         *  "  Goodman  ffessington." 
369.  6  «  Goodman  With." 

2  "  Mrs.  Greene."  »  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  probably. 
8  "  Mr.  Dunster." 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  253 

brought  him  to  this  place,  he  found  his  worldliness  ;  and  this 
bred  many  fears  whether  ever  any  work  of  Christ  in  him  was  in 
truth,  and  that  he  was  one  that  might  fall  short  of  Christ,  and 
that  he  was  humbled  ;  but  his  heart  was  not  deep  enough,  and 
hence  he  was  put  to  more  search  whether  ever  he  was  humbled. 
Yet  the  Lord  made  it  more  clear  from  Ephraim's  condition,  Jer. 
31.  18,  that  the  Lord  had  made  him  loathe  himself,  and  this 
made  him  loathe  him  [self]  ;  and  here  he  hath  found  more  en- 
mity of  his  heart  against  the  Lord  than  ever  before.  But  hear- 
ing the  Lord  was  willing  to  take  away  his  enmity,  he,  by  Rev. 
22.  14,  was  brought  nearer  to  the  Lord." 

Besides  these  fifty  persons,  the  names  of  others  may  be  gath- 
ered from  the  lists  of  Freemen  in  the  Colony,  during  that  period  ; 
for  as  none  were  then  admitted  to  political  freedom  except  mem- 
bers of  churches,  it  may  safely  be  supposed  that  all  the  Cam- 
bridge men  thus  made  free  were  members  of  the  Church.  More- 
over, Mr.  Shepard's  successor,  the  "  matchless  Mitchell,"  pre- 
pared in  1658  a  manuscript  account  of  "  The  Church  of  Christ 
at  Cambridge  in  N.  E.,  or,  the  names  of  all  the  members  thereof 
that  are  in  full  communion,"  etc.,  which,  after  having  long  been 
lost,  was  discovered  in  1815,  by  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes,  among  the 
Prince  manuscripts,  and  was  published  by  Rev.  Dr.  Newell,  in 
the  Appendix  to  his  "  Discourse  on  the  Cambridge  Church-gath- 
ering." It  must  be  remembered,  however,  that  this  list  contains 
the  names  of  those  who  were  admitted  to  membership  between 
1649,  when  Mr.  Shepard  died,  and  1658,  when  the  record  was 
made,  as  well  as  of  those  who  were  previously  members  ;  also, 
that  the  names  of  some  deceased  members  may  have  been 
omitted. 

There  are  still  preserved  two  folio  volumes,  which  may  be 
styled  Church  Books,  chiefly  devoted  to  financial  affairs,  con- 
taining a  particular  account  of  receipts  and  disbursements  by  the 
Deacons,  together  with  some  historical  notices.  From  these 
books  something  may  be  gleaned  concerning  the  condition  and 
work  of  the  Church. 

On  the  inside  of  the  cover  of  one  volume  is  the  following  mem- 
orandum :  — 

"  Goodman  Hayes  departinge  this  natural  life  1639  hee  dis- 
posed of  his  children  as  followeth  commending  them  to  the  Lord 
and  the  care  of  these  friends  following  :  unto  Mr.  Goodyn  of 
Harford  his  daughter  Anna ;  unto  Goodman  Lewis  his  sonn 


254  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Jeames  ;  unto  Goodman  Taylcoat  his  daughter  Elizabeth  ;  unto 
Goodman  Clark  his  daughter  Sarah  ;  his  eldest  son  to  Mr.  Hook- 
ers and  Mr.  Goodyns  dispose ;  and  the  youngest  child  he  com- 
mitted to  the  mother.  The  congregation  of  Harford  did  give 
toward  satisfying  of  some  here  that  he  did  owe  money  unto  25l. 
which  hath  been  thus  paid  out  to  that  end. 

/.     s.    d. 

"  Imprimis  pd  to  Mr.  Hill  for  Goodman  Stanley  30s.  1.  10.  0 

Item  alsoe  pd  to  Mr.  Cullott  in  full  of  his  det  17'.  I  say  >    ^  OQ  Q 

per  me  John  Cullock.  ) 

Item  alsoe  pd  Mr.  Robert  Payne  of  Ipswich  for  Good-)      3   10  0 

man  [  ]  ) 

Item  more  a  month's  diet  of  the  4  children  is  owing  me  | 

for "  i 

On  a  fly-leaf  of  the  same  volume,  we  find  the  disposition  of  a 
benefaction  :  — 

"  Item,  Mr.  Harlakingdon  gave  the  Church  a  legacye  of  20'. \ 
wch  wee  receved  a  young  cow  for  it  of  Mr.  Pellam  2  in  the  be- 
ginning of  the  year  1640.  Wee  gave  the  summers  milk  of  the 
cow  to  brother  Towne  and  brother  John  French  ;  the  first  calfe 
dyed.  The  winteringe  cost  to  John  Stone  25*.  wch  some  the 
second  calfe  was  sold  for.  The  second  summers  rnilke  wee  gave 
to  sister  Manninge  and  brother  John  French.  The  3d  summers 
milke  was  yelded  Elder  Frost  and  alsoe  all  the  winteringe  of  it. 
The  beginning  of  the  year  1643  wee  yeelded  it  Elder  Frost  for 
his  owne  ;  at  that  time  it  was  worth  but  5'."  3 

The  first  entry  in  the  Record  proper  is  somewhat  mutilated. 
What  is  supposed  to  be  lost  is  here  supplied,  but  enclosed  in 
brackets. 

u  [An  account]  of  the  moneys  by  contri  [bution  ]  upon  the 
first  day  of  [the  week  for]  the  supply  of  the  wants  of  the  Church 
of  Christ  and  the  needy  people  of  Cambridge  since  the  second 
day  of  the  tenth  month  in  the  year  of  Christ  1638. 

1  In  the  will  of   Roger  Harlakenden,  2  Herbert  Pelham,  Esq.,  married   the 

1638,  is  this   bequest:    "I  give  to   Mr.  widow  of  Harlakenden. 

Shepard  our  pastor  forty  pounds,  and  to  8  Winthrop  says  that  in  1640  "cattle 

our  Elders  that  wch  is  in  their  hands,  and  and  all  commodities   grew  very  cheap." 

to  the  pore  brethren  of  our  congregation  (ii.  7.)     And  Hutchinson  says,  "the  price 

twentye  pounds   to  be   ordered   by  Mr.  of  a  milch  cow  had   kept    from   25    to 

Shepard."  30/.,  but  fell  this  year  to  5  or  6/."  —  Hist. 

Mass.,  i.  93. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  255 

/.   s.   d. 

"  Imprimis  was  contributed  the  first  day  of  the  week  be-  ) 

ing  the  second  day  of  the  10th  month,   1638  (part  >-    0.  19.  5 
of  it  was  in  papers,  namely  Sd.)  ) 

"Item  was  contributed  the  second  sabbath  in  the   10th  >     ,      *j  4. " 
month  25s.  4d.  (whereof  was  in  papers  3s.  4d.)  ) 

Then  follow  on  the  first  page  the  weekly  contributions  until 
the  last  Sabbath  in  the  sixth  month,  or  August,  amounting,  in 
the  nine  months,  to  nearly  fifty  pounds,  including  two  which  are 
specially  recorded  thus :  — 

"  Item  Mrs  Sara  Sims  the  7th  of  Feb.  brought  for  herselfe       0.  10.  0 
Item  [lmo.  1639]  was  on  a  day  of  thanksgiving  (at  Mr.)     „     ~    „•„ 
Batons)  given  forty-nine  shillings  and  six  pence.        j 

On  the  other  side  of  the  account  we  find  :  — 

"  What  the  layinges  out  ha[ve  been  ]  as  on  the  other 

side  appears  [  ]   were  contrybuted  on  severall  oc- 

casions for  the  supply  of  manyfold  nessessyties. 

l.  s.  d. 
"  Imprimis  for  eleven  quartes  of  red  wine  for  the  use  of  the  } 

Lords  tabell  upon  the  9th  day  of  the  tenth  month1  >   0.  13.  9 
at  15d.  a  quart.  ) 

And  for  bread  for  the  Lords  tabell  at  that  time  8J.     For  ) 
a  messenger  to  goe  for  the  wine  12d.  ) 

Lent  my  brother  Towne  5.  0.  0 

Payd  for  this  booke  (to  keepe  accounts  in)  0.  4.  6 

Given  to  Elder  Frost  the  18  of  January  2  20s.  1.  0.  0 

Pd  for  a  1  ether  pillow  to  put  in  the  cushin  to  the  desk  )      n   r   A 

5s ;     it  wayed  olb.  ) 

Payd  for  sendinge  a  messenger  (goodman  Crackbone)  to  ) 

Charlestowne    and    Roxbery   to   atayne    helpe    for  >•     0.  2.  0 
preachinge  in  our  pastors  weaknes  2s.  ) 

Payd  to  goodman  Line  for  5  quarts  and  |  pint  of  wine  0.  6.  6 

Payd  my  brother  Towne  for  his  half  years  alowauce  1.  5.  0 

and  payd  him  for  5  times  goinge  with  messages  to  the  church  0.  3.  4 
Given  to  Elder  Frost  the  22  of  the  3d  month  20*.  1.  0.  0 

Given  my  brother  John  French  3l.  3   0.  0 

Given  to  our  brother  Hall  the  llth  of  the  4th  month  to- 


ward the  rearing  of  his  house  that  was  blown  down,  j 
For  the  refresshing  my  brother  Sill  in  time  of  fayntnes  )  n  2  4 

sent  him  4  pints  of  sack,  2*.  4d.  ) 

Pd  to  my  brother  Cane  for  goinge  to  Salem  with  a  mes- )  500 

sage  to  Mr.  Philips  when  he  was  about  to  come  to  us.  ) 


1  1638.  2  1638-9. 


256  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Given  to  Elder  Frost  toward  his  Imildinge  40s.  2.  0.  0 

Lent  our  brother  Bealle  the  9th  of  the  5th  month,  5'.  5.  0.  0 

Payd  the  hyman  1  that  brought  Mr.  Philips  and  for  his  ^  Q   0   0  " 
goods  bringing  from  Salem  when  he  removed  to  us.   ) 

Thus    far   the    account    is  copied    entire.     The  last  charge  is 
erased  in  the  account,  and  underneath  is  written,  "  we  [ 

]   this  and  took  it  out  of  that  received  for  officers  mainten- 
ance."    Shortly  afterwards  the  following  disbursements  are  re- 
corded :  — 
"  Payd  my  brother  Cane  for  helpinge  Mr.  Philips  at  his  ^.     Q   5   Q 

first  coming  to  set  up  his  goods,  5s.  > 

Payd  my  brother  Cane  for  carying  a  leter  to  Salem  (con-  ^ 

cerninge  clearing  about  Mr.  Philips)   to  Mr.  Haw-  >•      0.  5.  0 
thorn e.  ) 

Payd  my  brother  Cane  for  his  helpe  in  Mr.  Philips  remov-  >       030 

inge  to  Mr.  Pellams  house  for  1  day  and  ^.  j 

Pd  for  a  help  of  another  to  mend  Mr.  Pelams  house  for  )      016  " 
Mr.  Philips.  ) 

These  several  disbursements  on  account  of  Rev.  John  Phillips 
furnish  the  only  evidence  to  be  found  in  the  Church  Record  con- 
cerning the  attempt  which  was  evidently  made  to  secure  him  as 
a  teacher  of  the  church  of  which  Mr.  Shepard  was  pastor.  Sav- 
age describes2  him  as  of  "  Dedham,  1638,  a  famous  minister  of 
Wrentham  (which  is  about  30  miles  N.  E.  from  Ipswich,  Eng- 
land), where  he  obtained  his  living  as  rector  1609,  and  married 
6  Jan.  1612  Elizabeth  a  sister  of  famous  Dr.  Ames,  which  gave 
him  favor  in  the  eyes  of  puritans,  was  desired  to  accept  office 
here  in  several  places,  especially  Cambridge,  perhaps  in  connec- 
tion with  the  newly  begun  College,  but  preferred  to  go  home  in 
the  autumn  of  1641."  From  Lamson's  "  History  of  the  First 
Church  and  Parish  in  Dedham,"  pp.  77-82,  it  would  seem  that 
Mr.  Phillips  did  not  "  take  office  "  in  Dedham  until  1640,  "  the 
Lord  ordering  things  so  by  a  special  providence  that  he  no  where 
settled  "  until  that  time.  It  is  certain  from  our  old  Church  Rec- 
ord, that  he  came  here  from  Salem  in  1639 ;  and  it  is  probable 
that  he  removed  from  this  town  to  Dedham  in  1640,  without 
completing  the  contemplated  arrangement  for  a  permanent  set- 
tlement here.  His  residence  in  Cambridge  was  in  the  old  ox- 
pasture,  on  the  northwesterly  side  of  Kirkland  Street,  near  Oxford 
Street.  It  was  afterwards  the  homestead  of  Deputy-governor 
Danforth,  as  appears  by  the  Town  Record :  "  At  a  meeting  of  the 
1  Hoyman,  or  boatman.  2  Geneal.  Dictionary. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  257 

inhabitants  of  this  town  in  May  1650,  it  was  voted  and  consented 
unto  by  the  Town,  that  the  house  which  Mr.  Philips  built  anent 
Charlestowne  lane,  with  the  land  adjoining  and  woodlot,  should 
be  sold  to  Thomas  Danforth  for  fifty  pounds,  to  be  paid  by  him 
to  Mr.  Philips  or  his  assigns  in  current  country  pay  upon  demand 
at  the  said  house ;  the  said  Thomas  Danforth  to  enjoy  the  said 
house  and  land  to  him  and  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever."  It  does 
not  appear  by  what  authority  the  town  thus  disposed  of  Mr. 
Phillips'  estate;  but  a  subsequent  record,  under  date  of  Feb.  12, 
1655-6,  confirms  the  sale,  notwithstanding  the  purchase-money 
had  not  yet  been  demanded  by  Mr.  Phillips,  then  residing  at 
Wrentham,  to  which  place  he  seems  to  have  returned  when  he 
left  New  England.  Deputy-governor  Danforth  resided  on  this 
estate  nearly  half  a  century,  having  very  much  enlarged  it  by 
subsequent  purchases,  and  at  his  death  in  1699  bequeathed  it 
to  his  daughter,  the  wife  of  Francis  Foxcroft,  Esq.,  whose  de- 
scendants owned  it  more  than  a  whole  century  afterwards. 

Among  the  disbursements  up  to  1645  (at  which  point  there 
occurs  a  hiatus  of  more  than  twenty  years  in  the  account),  are 
many  for  the  relief  of  the  poor  as  well  as  for  provisions  for  the 
"  Lord's  table,"  and  for  other  necessaries  :  — 

[1639.]  "  To  Elder  Frost  we  sent  the  15  of  the  5th  month  ) 

in  beefe,  chese  candle  and  money  to  buy  corne  in  >-      1.  0.  0 
all  20s.  ) 

Given  my  brother  John  French  the  5th  of  the  11th)      o  A  A 
,  (•     z.  u.  u 

month  > 

Given    my  brother   Towne  toward   his  expense   in )      i    A  A 
a  sicknesse  } 

Our  brother  Syll  being  deeply  indebted  and  that  to  ] 
Mr.  Ting  22'.  12s.  we  did  give  of  the  churches 
stock  half  soe  much  to  Mr.  Ting  if  he  wold  frely  }•   11.  6.  0 
forgive  the  other  and  give  it  to  our  brother  Syll  | 
wch  God  moved  him  to  do     soe  pd. 

Payd  my  brother  Towne  his  half  years  allowance  30s.     1.  10.  0 

Payd  him  for  paynes  taken  more  than  ordinary  in  ~\ 

making  cleane  the  meetinge  house  in  the  time  of  >•   0.  12.  0 
its  repayreinge.     12*.  ) 

Payd  for  9  times  going  to  call  the  church  together  at )    n     «  ^ 

Sd.  a  time  6s.  j 

[1640.]     To  our  Elder  Frost  the  20  of  the  3d  month  30s.  1.  10.  0 

To  our  sister  Albon  1  pk  of  malt  lSd.  0.    1.  6 

[1641.]     Given  our  sister  Francis  More  (to  supply  them  |    n     5  0 

in  there  need)  5*.  j 

17 


258  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Given  our  sister  Grissell  in  a  hard  time  5s.  0.  5.    0 

Sent  our  sister  Mailing  a  leg  of  mutton  13d.  0.  1.     1 

Sent  our  sister  Banbrick  being  sick  a  brest  of  mutton     0.  0.  10 
Sent  our  sister  Albone  the  27  of  the  9  month  1641 1    Q  j     2 

71  of  venison  ) 

[1643.]     Payd  our  brother  Mannings  for  a  belrope  1  0.1.    6 

Item  payd  Elder  Frost  for  a  years  allowance  wch  was  ) 

due  at  midsomer  in  the  yeare  1643,  I  say  pd  him  >•  10.  0.  0 
by  10'.  ) 

Payd  on  for  looking  to  goody  Alborne  4  weeks  (she  |n   1 9     A 

found  herself)  j 

Sent  our  sister  Albone  1  bottell  sack     llrf.  0.    0.  11  " 

["  Elder  Frost,"  "  brother  Banbrick,"  "  brother  Syll," 
*'  sister  Maninge  "  and  "  sister  Stephenson,"  each  re- 
ceived a  similar  benefaction  during  this  year.] 

[1644.]  "  Payd  Mr.  Palsgrave  for  physic  for  our  sister  Albone    0.  2.  6 
For  4  years  rent  for  our  sister  Albone  (besides  5  \ 

months  time  allowed  her  for  about  7s.  charge  in  >•      4.  0.  0 

repayer  wch  she  did)  I  say  4  years  ) 

[1645.]     For  cloth  for  Ben.  Eaton  for  2  shirts  3s.  4d.  0.  3.  4 

1  pr  shoes  for  Ben  Eaton  cost  22d.     1  pr  cost  14*.  0.  3.  0 

Payd  our  brother  Briggam  for  something  for  cloth-  )       Q   7   c 

inge  for  his  sone  j 

Payd  brother  Chesholme  for  nessessaryes  he  layd  out  )      t)   r   r 

for  Ben.  Batons  clothes  j 

Payd  for  a  goat  for  goody  Albone  to  goodman  Prentiss  0.  11.  0  " 

The  close  of  Mr.  Shepard's  ministry  is  described  by  Mather,2 
after  his  usual  quaint  manner :  "  Returning  home  from  a  coun- 
cil at  Rovvly,  he  fell  into  a  quinsie,  with  a  symptomatical  fever, 
which  suddenly  stopped  a  silver  trumpet,  from  whence  the  people 
of  God  had  often  heard  the  joyful  sound.  Among  other  passages 
uttered  by  him,  when  he  lay  a  dying,  he  addressed  those  that 
were  about  him  with  these  words :  '  Oh  love  the  Lord  Jesus  very 
dearly  ;  that  little  part  that  I  have  in  him  is  no  small  comfort  to 
me  now.'  He  died  August  25,  1649,  when  he  was  forty-three 
years  and  nine  months  old,  and  left  behind  him,  of  three  wives, 
which  he  successively  married,  three  sons  who  have  since  been 
the  shepherds  of  three  several  churches  in  this  country."  3  And 

1  A  similar  purchase  was  made  in  1640.  1658),  minister  at  Rowley;  the  third  was 

a  Magnolia,  Book  iii.,  ch.  v.,  §  13.  Margaret  Boradell,  who  survived  him 

8  His  first  wife  was  Margaret  Toute-  and  was  mother  of  Jeremiah  (H.  C. 

ville,  who  was  mother  of  Thomas  (H.  C.  1669),  minister  at   Lynn  and  elsewhere. 

1653),  minister  at  Charlestown ;  the  sec-  Besides  these,  John,  a  son  of  the  second 

ond  was  Joanna,  daughter  of  Rev.  Thomas  wife,  survived  the  father,  but  died  young. 

Hooker,  and  mother  of  Samuel  (H.  C. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  259 

Savage,  who  surely  will  not  be  considered  a  partial  judge,  says, 
"  So  well  employed  had  been  his  short  life,  that  no  loss  of  a  pub- 
lic man  in  our  country  was  more  lamented,  except  that  of  Gov. 
Winthrop  a  few  months  before."  l  It  is  much  to  be  regretted 
that  no  monument  marks  his  grave. 

Almost  a  year  elapsed  between  the  death  of  Mr.  Shepard  and 
the  ordination  of  his  successor.  In  the  mean  time,  a  new  meet- 
ing-house was  erected.  Of  the  style  and  dimensions  of  the  old 
meeting-house  we  know  nothing.  Doubtless  it  was  very  plain 
and  humble  ;  yet  it  was  rendered  glorious  by  the  manifestation  of 
divine  power  in  the  preaching  of  Hooker  and  Shepard,  two  of  the 
most  brilliant  lights  of  that  age,  insomuch  that  to  the  congregation 
of  worshippers  it  became  as  "  the  house  of  God  "  and  "  the  gate 
of  heaven.  "  2  It  was  built,  however,  of  perishable  materials,  and 
although  it  had  stood  less  than  twenty  years,  it  had  fallen  into 
decay  ;  it  would  seem  also  that  it  was  not  sufficiently  large.  At 
first,  it  was  proposed  to  repair  the  house  "  with  a  four-square  roof 
and  covered  with  shingle,"  and  Edward  Goffe,  Thomas  Marrett, 
John  Stedman,  Robert  Holmes,  and  Thomas  Danforth,  were 
appointed,  Feb.  18,  1649-50,  to  superintend  the  repairs.  But 
shortly  afterwards,  March  11,  1649—50,  "  At  a  general  meet- 
ing of  the  whole  town,  it  was  voted  and  agreed,  that  the  five  men 
chosen  by  the  town  to  repair  the  meeting-house  shall  desist  from 
the  same,  and  agree  with  workmen  for  the  building  of  a  new 
house,  about  forty  foot  square  and  covered  as  was  formerly  agreed 
for  the  other,  and  levy  a  charge  of  their  engagements  upon  the 
inhabitants  of  the  town.  It  was  also  then  voted  and  generally 
agreed,  that  the  new  meeting-house  shall  stand  on  the  watch- 
house  hill." 3  The  new  house  was  erected  immediately,  as  ap- 
pears by  the  following  extracts  from  the  Town  Records:  Jan. 
13,  1650-51 :  "The  Townsmen  do  consent  that  one  of  the 

1  Geneal.  Diet.  g  ates  from  the  several  churches,  assembled 

2  In   this   house    also    were    probably  at  Cambridge,  and  condemned  eighty-two 
gathered  the  whole  body  of  reverend  and  opinions  adjudged  erroneous.    2.  In  1646, 
learned  divines  in   New  England  at  the  a  second   General   Synod   assembled  at 
first  two  Synods  for  the  determination  of  Cambridge,   and    after   sundry   adjourn- 
vitally  important  questions  both  of  doc-  ments    was    dissolved    in    1648,    having 
trine  and  of  church  polity:  1.  In  1637,  adopted   a  system  of   church    discipline 
when  through  the  prophesyings  of  Mrs.  called  "  The  Cambridge  Platform." 
Hutchinsou  and  others,  the  religious  com-        8  The    watch-house    hill    was    in    the 
munity  was  violently  agitated,  and  the  southwesterly  corner  of  the  present  Col- 
two  parties,  styling  each  other  Antino-  lege  yard,  and  extended  several  feet  into 
mians  and  Legalists,  were  on  the  brink  of  Harvard  Square,  which  has  been  enlarged 
civil  war,  a   Synod,  composed  of  all  the  since  that  meeting-house  was  erected, 
teaching  elders  in  the  country  and  dele- 


260  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Elders  and  two  of  the  Deacons,  at  the  request  of  John  Betts, 
shall  determine  whether  in  equity  any  satisfaction  ought  to  be 
rendered  by  the  town  to  the  said  John  Betts  for  the  land  on 
which  the  new  meeting-house  standeth ;  and  with  their  deter- 
mination the  said  John  Betts  promiseth  to  set  down  satisfied."1 
Feb.  26,  1651-2.  Ordered,  "  That  the  Townsmen  shall  make 
sale  of  the  land  whereon  the  old  meeting-house  stood." 

The  Reverend  Jonathan  Mitchell,  described  by  Mather  as  the 
"  matchless  Mitchell,"  was  born  at  Halifax,  in  Yorkshire,  Eng- 
land, about  1624,  and  was  brought  by  his  father  to  New  England 
in  1635.  "  Their  first  settlement,"  says  Dr.  Holmes,  "  was  at 
Concord,  in  Massachusetts ;  whence,  a  year  after,  they  removed 
to  Saybrook,  in  Connecticut ;  and,  not  long  after,  to  Wethersfield. 
Their  next  removal  was  to  Stamford,  where  Mr.  Mitchell,  the 
father,  died  in  1645,  setat.  LV.  The  classical  studies  of  his  son 
Jonathan  were  suspended  for  several  years  after  his  arrival  in 
America  ;  but,  '  on  the  earnest  advice  of  some  that  had  observed 
his  great  capacity,'  they  were  at  length  resumed  in  1642.  In 
1645,  at  the  age  of  twenty-one,  he  entered  Harvard  College. 
Here  he  became  religiously  impressed  under  Mr.  Shepard's  minis- 
try, which  he  so  highly  estimated  as  afterward  to  observe,  '  un- 
less it  had  been  four  years  living  in  heaven,  I  know  not  how  I 
could  have  more  cause  to  bless  God  with  wonder,  than  for  those 
four  years '  spent  at  the  university.  He  was  an  indefatigable 
student,  and  made  great  acquirements  in  knowledge  and  virtue. 
His  extraordinary  learning,  wisdom,  gravity,  and  piety,  occasioned 
an  early  application  of  several  of  the  most  considerable  churches 
for  his  services  in  the  ministry.  The  church  at  Hartford,  in  par- 
ticular, sent  for  him  with  the  intention  of  his  becoming  successor 
to  the  famous  Mr.  Hooker.  He  preached  his  first  sermon  at  Hart- 
ford, June  24,  1649  ;  and  on  the  day  following  was  invited  to  a 
settlement  in  the  ministry  in  that  respectable  town.  Having 
however  been  previously  importuned  by  Mr.  Shepard  and  the 
principal  members  of  his  society  to  return  to  Cambridge,  free 
from  any  engagement,  with  a  view  to  a  settlement  there,  he  de- 
clined an  acceptance  of  the  invitation  at  Hartford,  and  returned 
to  Cambridge,  where  he  preached  for  the  first  time,  Aug.  12, 
1649.  Here  a  providential  opening  was  soon  made  for  his  in- 

i  John  Betts  owned  the  lot  adjoining  acre  of  land,  more  or  less ;  Edward  Goffe, 

the  watch-house  hill,  and  fronting  on  Har-  east;  the  watch-house  hill,  south;  com- 

vard  Square.    It  is  described  on  the  Pro-  mon,  west ;  the  land  intended  for  the  Col- 

prietora'  Records  as   "  by  the  town,  one  lege,  north." 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  261 

duction  into  the  ministry.  Mr.  Shepard  died  on  the  25th  of  the 
same  month  ;  and  by  the  unanimous  desire  of  the  people  of  Cam- 
bridge, Mr.  Mitchell  was  now  invited  to  become  his  successor. 
He  accepted  the  invitation,  and  was  ordained  Aug.  21,  1650."  l 
"  Eighteen  years,"  says  Mather,  "  did  he  continue  a  pastor  to  the 
church  of  Cambridge.  And  as  that  which  encouraged  him  to 
accept  at  first  the  pastoral  charge  of  that  flock,  was  his  being 
able  to  write  that  character  of  them,  that  they  were  a  gracious 
savoury-spirited  people,  principled  by  Mr.  Shepard,  liking  an 
humbling,  mourning,  heart-breaking  ministry  and  spirit,  living 
in  religion,  praying  men  and  women,  ....  so  the  continual 
prayers  of  such  a  people  to  the  Lord  Jesus  Clmst  for  him  doubt- 
less contributed  more  than  a  little  unto  his  being  furnished  from 
heaven  with  such  rich  treasures  of  light  and  grace  as  made  his 
ministry  richly  serviceable  unto  them  all."  2  By  the  concurrent 
testimony  of  his  contemporaries  and  subsequent  writers  he  was 
remarkably  distinguished  for  learning,  eloquence,  and  piety, 
superadded  to  uncommon  natural  gifts.  Morton  testifies  that 
"  he  was  a  person  that  held  very  near  communion  with  God ; 
eminent  in  wisdom,  piety,  humility,  love,  self-denial,  and  of  a 
compassionate  and  tender  heart ;  surpassing  in  public-spirited- 
ness  ;  a  mighty  man  in  prayer,  and  eminent  at  standing  in  the 
gap ;  he  was  zealous  for  order,  and  faithful  in  asserting  the  truth 
against  all  oppugners  of  it.  In  a  word,  he  was  a  frian  whom  God 
had  richly  furnished  and  eminently  fitted  for  his  work ;  lived 
desired,  and  died  lamented,  by  all  good  Christians  that  knew 
him.  It  pleased  God  upon  the  ninth  of  July,  1668,  in  a  hot  and 
burning  season,  (but  much  more  hot  in  the  heat  of  God's  anger 
to  New  England,)  to  take  him  to  rest  and  glory."  3 

About  eight  years  after  his  ordination,  Mr.  Mitchell  com- 
menced compiling  an  account  of  "  the  Church  of  Christ  at  Cam- 
bridge," etc.,  in  which  he  rescued  many  interesting  facts  from 
oblivion.  The  financial  records  of  the  church,  kept  by  the  dea- 
cons, were  not  resumed  until  near  the  close  of  his  ministry.  A 
very  few  items  may  be  reproduced :  — 

"20.  3.  67.    to   Mr.  Michell    in  silver  when  he  went  to)     n    6    0 
Rehoboth  f 

1  Mass.  Hist.  Coll.,  vii.  48.  chap.  iv. ;  and   Sibley's  Harvard  Gradu- 

2  Magnolia,  iv.,  chap,  iv.,  §  9.  ates,   i.    141-157;    and  for  the  character 
8  New  England's  Memorial,  Davis's ed.,     of  his   theological   labors   anil    writings, 

pp.  336,  337.  For  a  more  full  biogra-  see  Rev.  Mr.  McKenzie's  Historical  Lec- 
phy,  see  Mather's  Magnolia,  Book  iv.,  tures. 


262  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

20.  3.  67    to  bro.  Okes  l  when  he  went  to  Rehoboth  with  t     Q    4    Q 
Mr.  Michell  in  silver  ) 

22.  4.  67    Payd  to   Daniell   Cheavrs   for  veall   to   Mri )    Q    5    Q 
Chauncy  when  he  was  sick  ) 

3.  12.  67-8  Payd  to  Mrs.   Danforth  in  her   husband's] 

absence  in  silver  the  sume  of  25  shillings  for  wine  ^    j    5    Q 
sugar  and  spice  at  the  buriall  of  Mrs.  Chauncy  who 
deseaced  the  24  of  the  11.  67 

27.  4.  68    Paid  to  John  Sheapheard  for  a  fower  gallon  |_  Q    „    A  »> 
bottell  to  bring  sack  for  the  sacrament  j 

The  Town  Records  also  afford  some  glimpses  of  the  manner 
of  managing  ecclesiastical  affairs  at  this  period:  Nov.  9,  1657. 
The  town  "  Voted,  affirmative,  that  the  deacons,  townsmen,  Mr. 
Jacson,  Edw.  Goffe,  Mr.  Stedman  and  Edw.  Winship  are  appointed 
to  make  a  levy  of  two  hundred  and  forty  pounds  for  the  mainten- 
ance this  year,  and  for  the  payment  of  the  debts  of  our  reverend 
pastor,  Mr.  Michell."  27,  1.  1665,  The  selectmen  "  Ordered, 
that  all  persons  that  do  contribute  to  the  ministry  of  this  place 
do,  upon  the  first  second  day 2  of  May  next,  appear  before  the 
deacons  and  selectmen,  to  clear  the  payment  of  their  dues  for 
time  past,  or  send  in  writing  a  receipt  thereof  under  the  hand 
of  our  pastor  or  deacons,  and  that  for  the  future  every  one  do 
annually  attend  the  like  order  at  the  same  time ;  the  place  of 
meeting  to  be  a,t  the  meeting-house,  and  the  time  by  eight  of  the 
clock  in  the  morning."  Feb.  18, 1658-9.  "  Voted,  that  the  Elders, 
Deacons,  and  Selectmen  for  the  time  being,  shall  be  a  constant 
and  settled  power  for  regulating  the  seating  of  persons  in  the 
meeting-house,  from  time  to  time,  as  need  shall  require."  One 
of  the  acts  of  this  committee  is  recorded  under  date  of  Jan.  19, 
1662-3. 

"  The  committee  for  ordering  the  seating  of  people  in  the 
meeting  house,  being  met  at  the  ordinary,  appointed 

Bro.  Ri.  Jackson's  wife  to  sit  there  where  sister  Kempster  was 
wont  to  sit. 

Mrs.  Upham,  with  her  mother. 

Ester  Sparhauke,  in  the  place  where  Mrs.  Upham  is  removed 
from. 

Daniel  Champney,  Ephraim  Wiuship,  on  the  south  gallery. 

Jno.  Stedman,  on  the  fore  gallery  on  the  south  side. 

Joanna  Winship,  in  the  place  where  Ester  Sparhauke  was 
wont  to  sit. 

1  Edward  Oakes,  father  of  President        '2  The  first  Monday. 
Oakes. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  263 

Mary  Lemon,  where  old  sister  Jackson  was  wont  to  sit. 
Mr.  Day,  to  sit  in  the  2d  seat  from  the  table. 
Ens.  Samuel  Greene,  to  sit  at  the  table. 

Ri.  Bobbins,  to  sit  in  the  place  where  Ens.  Greene  was  wont 
to  sit. 

Jno.  Gibson,  where  Mr.  Day  was  wont  to  sit. 
Richard  Eccles,  where  John  Gibson  was  wont  to  sit. 
Benj.  Crackbone,  where  Richard  Eccles  was  wont  to  sit. 

Justinian  Holden,  to  sit  in  the  foremost  seats.  « 

7  I  . 

Robert  Stedman,  to  sit  in  the  second  seats. 

Goode  Gates,  at  the  end  of  the  Deacons  seats." 

Almost  all  the  congregation  either  walked  to  the  meeting- 
house, or  rode  on  horseback.  For  the  accommodation  of  eques- 
trians, in  mounting,  dismounting,  and  passing  between  their 
beasts  and  the  house,  Nov.  20,  1665,  "  The  Townsmen  do  order 
the  Constables  to  make  a  convenient  horse-block  at  the  meeting- 
house, and  causeway  to  the  door."  And  to  secure  order  in  the 
house  and  the  comfort  of  the  worshippers,  Nov.  12,  1666, 
"  Thomas  Fox  is  ordered  to  look  to  the  youth  in  time  of  public 
worship,  until  the  next  monthly  meeting,  and  to  inform  against 

such  as  he  find  disorderly The  Constables  are  ordered  to 

repair  the  glass  about  the  meeting-house,  and  to  get  the  pinning 
mended." 

During  his  ministry,  Mr.  Mitchell  encountered  two  special 
trials,  namely,  the  division  of  his  church,  and  the  reputed  heresy 
and  open  opposition  of  President  Dunster.  It  has  already  been 
related  in  chapter  viii.,  that  as  early  as  March,  1654—5,  some 
of  the  inhabitants  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  requested  "  that 
they  might  have  the  ordinances  of  Christ  amongst  them,  distinct 
from  the  town."  Doubtless  Mr.  Mitchell  shared  the  fears  which 
were  expressed  by  the  townsmen,  that  "  the  fraction  will  prove 
destructive  to  the  whole  body."  Upon  the  extreme  urgency  of 
the  petitioners,  the  town  consented,  Jan.  23,  1659-60,  "  that  the 
remote  inhabitants  on  the  south  side  of  the  River  should  annually 
be  abated  the  one  half  of  their  proportion  to  the  ministry's  allow- 
ance, during  the  time  that  they  were  provided  of  an  able  minister 
according  to  law."  And  Jan.  15,  1661-2,  all  persons  residing 
south  of  the  river  and  more  than  four  miles  distant  from  the  old 
meeting-house,  were  released  from  all  ministerial  charges,  on  con- 
dition that  they  should  "  give  good  security  to  the  town  for  the 
payment  of  twenty  pounds  per  annum  forever  to  the  use  of  the 
other  part  of  the  town  belonging  to  the  old  meeting-house  on  the 


264  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

north  side  of  the  River."  Although  these  propositions  were  not 
accepted,  the  agitation  was  continued  for  many  years,  until  New- 
ton became  a  separate  town.  Mr.  Mitchell  did  not  live  long 
enough  to  witness  the  final  catastrophe ;  but  the  church  was 
effectually  divided  in  his  lifetime,  and  Rev.  John  Eliot,  Jr.,  was 
ordained  pastor  of  that  portion  which  withdrew  from  the  parent 
body,  July  20, 1664.  A  still  greater  trial  was  the  open  opposition 
of  President  Dimster  to  an  ordinance  which  Mr.  Mitchell  con- 
sidered important  and  sacred.  When  Mr.  Dunster  became  a 
member  of  Mr.  Shepard's  church,  about  1640,  he  avowed  his 
belief  that  the  children  of  believers  ought  to  be  baptized,  and  his 
willingness  that  baptism  should  be  administered  by  sprinkling.1 
Afterwards,  he  opposed  both  ;  he  withheld  his  own  infants  from 
baptism,  and  publicly  denounced  such  baptism  as  "  not  according 
to  the  institution  of  Christ,"  when  administered  to  others.  It  is 
related  by  Mather  that,  besides  his  public  advocacy  of  infant 
baptism,  Mitchell  labored  privately  with  Dunster,  though  he  felt 
"  embarrassed  in  a  controversy  with  so  considerable  a  person, 
and  with  one  who  had  been  his  tutor,  and  a  worthy  and  a  godly 
man."  2  His  efforts  to  reclaim  his  former  guide  and  instructor 
were  unavailing.  Dunster  became  more  and  more  violent  in  op- 
position to  what  he  regarded  as  error,  until  he  both  forfeited  the 
office  of  President  of  the  College  and  exposed  himself  to  the  pen- 
alty of  a  violated  law.  He  was  indicted  by  the  grand  jury,  April 
2,  1655,  "  for  disturbance  of  the  ordinances  of  Christ  upon  the 
Lord's  day  at  Cambridge,  July  the  30th  1654,  to  the  dishonor  of 
the  name  of  Christ,  his  truth,  and  minister."  3  It  was  testified 

1  "  As  prayer,  so  the  Lord  hath  given  ster,  it  should  be  remembered  that  their 
2  sacraments.     1.  Baptism,  by  which  we  personal    friendship    continued    through 
have  our  initiation  ;  and  concerning  it,  I  life.    In  his  will,  Dunster  styles  Mitchell 
believe  that  only  believers  and  their  seed  and  President  Chauncy  (his  successor  in 
ought  to  be  received  into  the  church  by  the  presidency),  his  "trusty  friends  and 
that  sacrament;  hence  profane  unbeliev-  brethren,"    and  gave   to  each  of   them 
ers  are  not  to  be  received  into  the  church,  sundry  books  from  his  library.     And  Ma- 
And  that  the  seed  are  to  be  received,  that  ther  says,  that  "  Mr.  Mitchell  continued 
of  Paul  is  clear,  —  else  your  children  were  such  an  esteem  "  for  Mr.  Dunster,  "  that 
unholy ;  hence,  if  holy,  let  them  be  of-  although  his  removal  from  the  govern- 
fered  to  God ;  let  children  come  to  me.  ment  of  the  College,  and  from  his  dwell- 
And  as  children,  so  those  that  come  to  ing-place  in   Cambridge,   had  been  pro- 
mature  age  ought  to  be  received  into  the  cured  by  these  differences,  yet  when  he 
church  by  baptism.     And  concerning  the  died,  he  honored  him  with    an    elegy," 
outward  elements,  something  there  is  con-  which   "very  truly  points  out  that  gen- 
cerning  sprinkling  in  the  Scripture  ;  hence  erous,    gracious,    catholic    spirit,    which 
not  offended  when  it  is  used."  —  Shepard's  adorned  that  person  who  wrote   it." 
MS.  Confessions.  8  Probably  Mr.  Mitchell  was  the  "  min- 

2  Magnolia,  Book  iv.,ch.  iv.,  §  10.     To  ister"  then  engaged  in  administering  the 
the  lasting  honor  of  Mitchell  and  Dun-  ordinance  of  baptism. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  265 

that,  on  that  day,  "  Mr.  Dunster  spake  to  the  congregation  in  the 
time  of  the  public  ordinance,  to  the  interruption  thereof,  without 
leave,  which  was  also  aggravated  in  that  he  being  desired  by  the 
Elder  to  forbear  and  not  to  interrupt  an  ordinance  of  Christ,  yet 
notwithstanding  he  proceeded  in  way  of  complaint  to  the  congre- 
gation, saying  I  am  forbidden  to  speak  that  in  Christ's  name 
which  I  would  have  testified.  And  in  his  following  speeches,  he 
asserted  as  his  testimony  in  the  name  of  Christ  these  things :  1. 
That  the  subjects  of  baptism  were  visible,  penitent  believers,  and 
they  only,  by  virtue  of  any  rule,  example  or  any  other  light  in 
the  new  Testament.  2.  That  there  was  an  action  now  to  be  done 
which  was  not  according  to  the  institution  of  Christ.  3.  That 
the  exposition,  as  it  had  been  held  forth,  was  not  the  mind  of 
Christ.  4.  That  the  covenant  of  Abraham  is  not  a  ground  for 
baptism ;  no,  not  after  the  institution  thereof.  5.  That  there 
were  such  corruptions  stealing  into  the  church,  which  every  faith- 
ful Christian  ought  to  bear  witness  against.  The  Court  ordered 
that  Mr.  Henry  Dunster,  according  to  Eccleast.  Law,  page  19, 
at  the  next  Lecture  at  Cambridge  should  (by  such  magistrates  as 
should  then  be  present)  be  publicly  admonished,  and  give  bond 
for  his  good  behaviour. 

"  Mr.  Henry  Dunster  acknowledged  that  he  had  spoken  these 
particulars  above  named,  and  said  that  he  owned  them  and  that 
he  would  stand  by  them  in  the  fear  of  God ;  and  after  farther 
debate  he  gave  in  his  answer  in  writing  as  followeth  :  April  4th 
1655.  I  answer  to  the  presentment  of  the  grand  jury  :  —  I  an- 
swer, first,  that  I  am  not  conscious  that  I  did  or  said  any  thing 
contemptuously  or  in  open  contempt  of  God's  word  or  messengers, 
and  therefore  I  am  not  guilty  of  the  breach  of  that  Law,  page  19, 
as  I  conceive.  For  the  particulars  that  were  charged  against  me, 
the  terms,  words,  or  expressions,  wherein  they  are  presented  to 
the  honored  Court,  I  own  not,  being  not  accurately  the  same  that 
were  spoken,  especially  the  1st,  4th,  and  5th  ;  but  the  matter  or 
purport  of  them  I  spake.  I  also  acknowledged,  and  do,  that  for 
the  manner  they  were  not  seasonably  spoken ;  but  for  the  matter, 
I  conceived  then,  and  so  do  still,  that  I  spake  the  truth  in  the 
fear  of  God,  and  dare  not  deny  the  same  or  go  from  it,  until  the 
Lord  otherwise  teach  me ;  and  this  I  pray  the  honored  Court  to 
take  for  mine  answer.  As  for  any  words  or  expressions  that  in 
mixed  or  broken  conference,  interrogations  by  sundry  persons 
propounded  and  mine  answers  interrupted  before  they  have  been 
fully  expressed,  I  heartily  and  humbly  pray  you,  mine  honored 


266  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Judges,  as  you  desire  to  find  mercy  with  our  gracious  Judge,  the 
Lord  Jesus  Christ,  that  you  will  be  pleased  to  give  the  most  can- 
did and  Christian  construction,  if  any  were  amiss,  seeing  charity 
thinketh  no  evil,  and  seeing  by  interruptions  they  were  not  per- 
fected, and  especially  since  my  sickness  yesternight  my  mind  and 
expressions  are  not  in  a  capacity  to  be  so  clear  and  distinct  as 
usually ;  that  therefore  no  lapse  in  expression,  proceeding  from 
the  aforesaid  grounds  or  mere  natural  infirmity  may  be  improved 
against  your  humble  servant  and  afflicted  brother, 

HENBY  DUNSTER." 

It  is  reported  by  his  biographers,  that  Mr.  Mitchell  was  a 
Fellow  of  Harvard  College,  1650,  a  member  of  the  Synod  which 
assembled  at  Boston  in  1662,  and  very  frequently  employed  on 
ecclesiastical  councils  and  in  resolving  questions  propounded  by 
the  General  Court ;  and  that,  while  he  was  much  younger  than 
many  of  his  associates,  great  deference  was  paid  to  his  skill  and 
judgment.  The  famous  Baxter  is  reported  to  have  said,  "If  an 
Ecumenical  Council  could  be  obtained,  Mr.  Mitchell  were  worthy 
to  be  its  moderator."  But  his  labors,  and  trials,  and  enjoyments, 
in  the  work  of  the  ministry,  came  to  a  sudden  termination  July 
9,  1668,  when  a  violent  fever  destroyed  his  life.  Although,  while 
living,  his  name  was  renowned  in  the  church,  it  is  not  found  in- 
scribed on  any  monumental  stone,  to  denote  the  spot  where  his 
body  was  laid.  There  are  circumstances,  however,  which  render 
it  highly  probable  that  the  bones  found  under  the  slab  which 
bears  the  name  of  President  Dunster  are  in  fact  the  bones  of 
Mitchell.  They  are  briefly  as  follows :  About  thirty  years  ago, 
a  desire  was  entertained  to  erect  some  memorial  of  Dunster.  The 
place  of  his  sepulture  was  unknown,  but  it  was  assumed  to  be 
underneath  an  ancient  slab  from  which  the  inscription  had  dis- 
appeared. This  assumption  is  said  to  have  been  grounded  on 
two  facts,  which  were  supposed  to  point  more  directly  to  Dunster 
than  to  any  other  person  —  1.  It  was  perceived  that  this  slab  was 
of  a  peculiar  stone,  probably  imported,  and  unlike  any  others  in 
the  cemetery  except  two,  which  bore  respectively  the  names  of 
President  Chauncy  and  President  Oakes,  who  died  during  the 
same  half  century.  2.  There  were  found,  not  very  far  from 
this  slab,  two  headstones,  inscribed  with  the  names  of  President 
Dunster's  great-grandchildren.  The  subsequent,  proceedings  are 
related  by  Palfrey :  — 

"  His  grave,  in  the  old  '  God's  Acre,'  near  the  halls  of  Harvard 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  267 

College,  was  opened  July  1,  1846,  when  the  President  and  Fel- 
lows renewed  the  tablet  over  it.  The  remains  were  found  lying 
six  feet  below  the  surface,  in  a  brick  vault  which  was  covered 
with  irregularly  shaped  flag-stones  of  slate  about  three  inches 
thick.  The  coarse  cotton  or  linen  shroud  which  enveloped  them 
had  apparently  been  saturated  with  some  substance,  probably 
resinous,  which  prevented  it  from  closely  fitting  the  body.  Be- 
tween it  and  the  remains  of  the  coffin  was  found  a  large  quantity 
of  common  tansy,  in  seed,  a  portion  of  which  had  evidently  been 
pulled  up  by  the  roots.  The  skeleton  appeared  to  be  that  of  a 
person  of  middle  size  ;  but  it  was  not  measured,  as  the  extremities 
of  the  bones  of  the  arms  and  thighs  had  perished,  as  well  as  por- 
tions of  the  cancellated  structure  of  these  and  of  some  other  bones. 
The  configuration  of  the  skull,  which  was  in  good  preservation, 
was  such  as  to  the  phrenologists  indicates  qualities,  both  moral 
and  intellectual,  of  a  superior  order.  The  hair,  which  appeared 
to  have  retained  its  proper  place,  was  long  behind,  covering 
thickly  the  whole  head,  and  coming  down  upon  the  forehead. 
This,  as  well  as  the  beard,  which  upon  the  upper  lip  and  chin 
was  about  half  an  inch  long,  was  of  a  light  brown  color.  The 
eyebrows  were  thick,  and  nearly  met  each  other.1 

The  foregoing  description  indicates  the  remains  of  some  emi- 
nent person.  But  are  they  the  remains  of  Dunster  ?  or,  are 
they  not  rather  the  remains  of  Mitchell  ?  It  is  no  disparage- 
ment to  Dunster  to  assume  that  Mitchell  was  fully  his  equal, 
both  intellectually  and  morally  ;  so  that  the  skull  might  seem  as 
characteristic  of  the  one  as  of  the  other.  The  character  of  the 
grave  and  memorial  slab  is  more  suitable  to  Mitchell  than  to 
Dunster,  because,  1.  Dunster  left  a  small  estate,  deeply  involved 
in  debt,  and  there  is  no  evidence  that  his  widow  was  able,  or 
that  the  corporation  of  the  College  was  disposed,  to  provide  for 
him  such  an  expensive  sepulchre  ;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  Mitch- 
ell died  in  the  meridian  of  his  fame,  and  left  a  plentiful  estate, 
so  that  his  widow  was  able  thus  to  honor  him,  unless  (which  is 
more  probable)  his  church  insisted  on  defraying  the  expense.2 
2.  The  peculiar  slab,  similar,  it  is  said,  only  to  those  which  cover 
the  remains  of  Chauncy,  who  died  in  1672,  and  Oakes,  who  died 
in  1681,  would  more  probably  be  placed  over  the  grave  of  Mitch- 

1  Hist.  New  Eng.,  \\.  534.  his  successor,  (and  another  to  accompany 

2  The  church,  which  long  made  a  gen-  him    hither,)   surely    would   not  grudge 
erous   allowance  to  the  widow  of   their  him  an  honorable  burial  and  a  conspicu- 
beloved  pastor,  and  was  able  to  send  a  ous  stone  of  remembrance. 

special  messenger  to  England,  to  invite 


268  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ell,  who  died  in  1668,  than  over  that  of  Dunster,  who  died  nine 
years  earlier,  in  1659.  But  if  the  structure  and  adornments  of 
the  grave  point  to  Mitchell  rather  than  to  Dunster,  much  more 
its  contents.  For  what  conceivable  reason  should  the  coffin  of 
Dunster  have  been  stuffed  with  tansy,  or  his  body  wrapped  in 
cerecloth?  He  died  in  February,  when  the  frost  might  reason- 
ably be  expected  to  arrest  decomposition  and  prevent  any  nox- 
ious or  offensive  effluvia  from  his  body.  Morton,  indeed,  says, 
"  his  body  was  embalmed  and  removed  unto  Cambridge ; "  but 
it  may  reasonably  be  doubted  whether  the  process  was  very 
thorough  or  complete  at  that  season  of  the  year.  On  the  con- 
trary, Mitchell  died  in  midsummer,  and  under  circumstances  re- 
quiring the  utmost  precaution  against  discomfort  and  danger. 
Mather  says,  "  Mr.  Mitchell  had,  from  a  principle  of  godliness, 
used  himself  to  bodily  exercise  ;  nevertheless  he  found  it  would 
not  wholly  free  him  from  an  ill  habit  of  body.  Of  extreme  lean, 
he  grew  extreme  fat ;  and  at  last,  in  an  extreme  hot  season,  a 
fever  arrested  him."  l  This  was  a  case  loudly  calling  for  cere- 
cloth and  tansy  ;  and  the  proof  is  preserved  that  such  cloth  was 
actually  used.  In  the  old  Financial  Record  of  the  Church  is 
found  this  memorandum  of  disbursement :  "  To  goodman  Orton 
of  Charlestown  for  making  a  terpaluing 2  to  wrap  Mr.  Michell, 
and  for  doing  something  to  his  coning  that  way  4'."  And  what 
would  be  more  natural  than  to  adopt  the  custom,  which  cer- 
tainly prevailed  in  the  country  in  the  early  part  of  even  the 
present  century,  of  placing  tansy  in  and  around  the  coffin,  to 
counteract  the  effect  of  unpleasant  odors  ?  The  contents  of  the 
grave  described  by  Palfrey  were  precisely  what  we  might  expect 
to  find  in  the  grave  of  Mitchell,  and  what  we  should  not  expect 
to  find  in  the  grave  of  Dunster ;  namely,  the  cerecloth  or  tarpau- 
ling,  which  was  necessary,  and  is  known  to  have  been  used  in 
the  one  case,  but  not  known  to  have  been  either  necessary  or  used 
in  the  other,  and  the  tansy,  which  was  in  season,  fragrant,  and 
adapted  to  its  purpose,  in  the  one  case,  and  out  of  season,  com- 
paratively unfragrant,  and  useless  in  the  other.  On  the  whole, 
it  seems  highly  probable  that  the  monumental  slab,  on  which  is 
inscribed  the  name  of  President  Dunster,  actually  covers  the  re- 
mains of  Rev.  Jonathan  Mitchell.3  It  may  be  added,  if  this  be 

1  Magnolia,  Book  iv.,  tli.  iv.,  §  16.  tographs  which  I  have  seen,  it  was  nni- 

2  Tarpauling,  cloth  smeared  with  tar.       formly  so  written  by  himself;  and  it  was 
a  The  name  of  this  eminent   man   is     written  in  the  same  form  by  his  two  sons, 

spelled  Mitchel  on  the  College  Catalogue ;  Samuel  (H.  C.  1681),  and  Jonathan  (H. 
I  write  it  Mitchell,  because,  in  several  au-  C.  1687). 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  269 

really  the  grave  of  Mitchell,  the  remains  of  Shepard  probably 
rest  near  it,  because  the  widow  of  these  two  pastors,  as  well  as 
their  bereaved  and  grateful  church,  would  naturally  desire  that 
their  bodies  should  rest  near  each  other.  It  may  also  be  safely 
supposed  that  Dunster  was  buried  near  the  same  spot ;  for 
where  could  his  friends  desire  to  place  his  body  rather  than 
near  that  of  his  former  pastor  and  beloved  co-laborer,  Mr.  Shep- 
ard, the  only  clergyman  who  had  previously  been  laid  to  his  rest 
in  that  cemetery  ?  This  supposition  is  to  some  extent  rendered 
more  probable  by  the  proximity  of  the  graves  of  the  great- 
grandchildren. 

For  three  years  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Mitchell,  the  church 
remained  destitute  of  a  pastor ;  during  which  time  President 
Chauncy  appears  to  have  partially  performed  the  duties  of  that 
office.  The  committee  appointed  by  the  town  for  that  purpose 
voted,  Dec.  20,  1669,  that  "  fifty  pounds  be  paid  to  Mr.  Chauncy 
and  such  as  labor  among  us  in  preaching  the  word,"  and  u  thirty 
pounds  to  Mistris  Mitchell,"  and  Dec.  23, 1670,  forty-five  pounds 
were  in  like  manner  granted  to  Mr.  Chauncy,  and  thirty  pounds 
to  Mrs.  Mitchell.1  In  the  mean  time  the  town  and  church  were 
not  idle  or  inactive.  Thus  it  is  recorded,  Feb.  8, 1668-9.  "  For 
catechising  the  youth  of  this  town ;  Elder  Champney,  Mr. 
Oakes,  are  appointed  for  those  on  the  south  side  the  Bridge. 
Elder  Wiswall,  Mr.  Jackson,  and  John  Jackson,  for  those  at  the 
new  church.  Deacon  Stone,  and  Deacon  Chesholme,  for  those 
at  the  remote  farms.  Lt.  Winship,  William  Dixon  and  Francis 
Whitmore  for  those  on  west  side  Winottime.  Deacon  Stone  and 
Deacon  Cooper,  for  those  families  on  the  west  side  the  common, 
and  for  Watertowne  lane,  as  far  towards  the  town  as  Samuel 
Hastings.2  Thomas  Danforth  and  Thomas  Fox,  for  those  fami- 
lies on  the  east  side  the  common.  Richard  Jackson  and  Mr. 
Stedman,  for  those  families  on  the  west  side  of  the  town :  Cap- 
tain Gookin  and  Elder  Frost,  for  those  families  on  the  east  side 
of  the  town  ;  —  Water  Street,  leading  from  the  meeting-house 
to  the  waterside  being  the  partition."  Again,  May  10,  1669, 
"  The  Selectmen,  taking  into  consideration,  upon  the  complaint 
of  some  of  the  idleness  and  carelessness  of  sundry  persons  in  the 
time  of  public  worship,  upon  the  Sabbath  day,  by  keeping  with- 
out the  meeting-house,  and  there  unprofitably  spending  their 

1  Similar  gratuities   were    granted   to        2  That  is,  to  Ash  Street. 
Mrs.  Mitchell,  from  year  to  year,  as  late 
as  1687. 


270  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

time,  whereby  God's  name  is  dishonored,  —  they  do  order,  for 
the  time  being,  that  the  Constable  shall  set  a  ward  of  one  man 
during  the  time  of  public  worship,  one  in  the  forenoon  and 
another  in  the  afternoon,  to  look  unto  such  persons,  that  they  do 
attend  upon  the  public  worship  of  God,  that  God's  name  and 
worship  be  not  neglected  nor  profaned  by  the  evil  miscarriage  of 
such  persons." 

Hitherto  the  pastors  of  the  church  had  dwelt  in  their  own 
houses ;  but  now  it  was  determined  to  erect  a  house,  at  the  pub- 
lic expense,  as  a  parsonage.  July  5,  1669,  "  Voted  on  the 
affirmative,  that  the  Selectmen  and  Deacons,  and  Richard  Jack- 
son, and  Mr.  Stedman,  and  Mr.  Angier,  are  appointed  a  commit- 
tee, to  take  present  care  to  purchase  or  build  a  convenient  house 
for  the  entertainment  of  the  minister  that  the  Lord  may  please 
to  send  us  to  make  up  the  breach  that  his  afflicting  providence 
hath  made  in  this  place  ;  and  that  the  charge  thereof  be  levied 
on  the  inhabitants  as  is  usual  in  proportioning  the  maintenance 
of  the  ministry."  Afterwards  a  different  method  of  payment 
was  adopted.  Sept.  9,  1669,  "  At  a  church  meeting,  to  consider 
about  the  selling  of  the  church's  farm  at  Bilrica,  for  the  building 
of  a  house  for  the  ministry,  it  was  voted  on  the  affirmative,  that 
the  said  farm  should  be  sold  and  improvement  made  of  it  for  the 
building  of  a  house  for  the  ministry."  l  In  the  old  Financial 
Record  of  the  Church  a  particular  statement  is  made  that  "  a 
committee  was  chosen  for  that  purpose,  which  tooke  care  for  the 
same,  and  to  that  ende  bought  fower  akers  of  land  of  widdow 
Beale  to  set  the  house  upon,  and  in  the  yeare  1670  theare  was  a 
house  earected  upon  the  sayd  land  of  36  foote  long  and  30  foote 
broad  ;  this  house  to  remayne  the  churchis  and  to  be  the  dwell- 
ing place  of  such  a  minister  and  officer  as  the  Lord  shall  be 
pleased  to  supply  us  withall,  during  the  time  hee  shall  supply 
that  place  amongst  us.2  The  chargis  layd  out  for  the  purchas 
of  the  land  and  building  of  the  house  and  barne,  inclosing  the 
orchyard  and  other  accommodations  to  it : 

"  The  purchas  of  the  land  in  cash  40'.  0s.  Od 

The  building  and  finishing  the  house  263.    5.    6 

The  building  the  barne,  42.   0.    0 

1  It  was  sold  Nov.  12,  1669,  to  Kichard    side  of    Harvard   Street,   two   or    three 
Daniels,  for  .£220.  hundred    feet    easterly    from    Plympton 

2  This   house   stood  on   the  northerly     Street. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 


271 


The  inclosing  the  orchyard  and  yards,  and  re- 
payering  the  fencis,  building  an  office-house, 
and  planting  the  orchyard  with  trees,  and 
seeling  some  part  of  the  house  and  laying  a 
duble  floore  on  sume  part  of  it, 


27.    1.    10 


"  In  the  yeere  1676,  the  hall  and  hall-chamber  were  sealed, 
and  another  floore  of  bords  was  layed  upon  the  chichin  chamber. 
The  perticular  chargis  :  — 

"'  20  bushells  of  lime  and  the  feching  it  1'. 

800  of  larth,  6*.  8d.  a  bushel  of  hayer,  r  0. 

3  peckes  of  shreds,  1'.  6rf ;  lamblack,  8d  0. 

3560  nailes,  8s.  10£<*  0. 

The  mason's  worke  1.    4.    0 

For  brickes,  and  sand,  and  help  to  brick  the  kichen  4. 

Other  disbursements  at  this  period  were  :  — 


r. 

7. 
2. 

8. 
4. 
6. 


March  6.  1668-9.  "To  Deacon  Stone  by  a  pair  of  shooes  } 

and  a  pound  of  suger,  because  the  deacon  had  silver  >•    0'.  3*.  6d. 
though  they  cost  him  4s  Qd,  had  but  ) 

Feb.  4,  1670.  "  Payd  in  silver,  by  the  apoyntment  of  the] 
commitee    for   the  mynister    house   unto   the  deputie 
governor,  Mr.  Francis  Willoughby,  by  Deacon  Stone 
and  Thomas  Chesholm,  as  appears  by  his  discharg  wch  ^    &l.  13s.  6d 
Deacon  Stone  hath,  for  the  discharg  of  Mr.  Michells 
funarall  the  sum  of  eight  pounds  thirteen  shillings  six 
pence.     I  say  the  sum  of  j 

The  events  connected  with  the  induction  of  Mr.  Oakes  to  the 
pastorate  are  minutely  detailed  in  the  ancient  record  :  "An  ac- 
count of  seaverall  providencis  of  God  to  the  Church  of  Cambrigd, 
after  the  death  of  that  reverant  and  eminent  man  Mr.  Jonathan 
Micthell  pastor  of  the  church  of  Cambrigd  whoe  departed  this 
life  July  th  9,  1668,  and  the  actings  of  the  church  for  supply  in 
the  ministry.  The  church,  sume  time  after  gave  Mr.  William 
Stoutton  a  call,  but  they  were  denied,  but  after  sume  time  of  seek- 
inge  God  by  prayer  the  Lord  was  pleased  to  guide  the  church  to 
make  theare  application  to  Mr.  Urian  Oakes  in  old  England  which 
to  further  the  same  theare  was  a  letter  sent  from  the  church  with 
a  mesenger  namly  Mr.  William  Maning  with  a  letter  alsoe  sent 
by  seaverall  magistats  and  ministers  to  invite  him  to  come  over 
and  be  an  oficer  amongst  us  which  he  after  counsill  and  advice 
did  except  but  devine  providence  ded  hinder  him  for  that  yeere  by 
reason  of  a  sickness  the  Lord  was  pleased  to  visit  his  wife  withall 


272  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  afterward  tooke  her  away  by  death  which  hindered  him  for 
that  yeere.  The  church  the  next  yeere  renewed  againe  thear 
call  to  him  by  another  letter  but  then  he  was  hindered  by  an 
ague  that  he  was  long  visited  withall  in  the  yeere  1670.  Thease 
providencis  interposing  the  church  was  in  doupt  wheather  to 
waight  any  longer  but  after  sume  debate  the  church  was  willing  to 
waight  till  the  spring  in  the  yeere  1671  and  then  had  an  answer 
early  in  the  yeere  of  his  purpose  to  come  over  that  sumer  which 
was  acomplished  by  the  good  providence  of  God  hee  ariving  in 
New  England  July  th  3, 1671,  and  finding  good  acceptance  both 
by  the  church  and  towne  and  in  the  country  and  joined  a  member 
with  our  church  and  was  ordained  pastur  of  our  church  November 
the  eight  1671." 

Mr.  Oakes  was  received  with  demonstrations  of  joy.  "At  a 
meeting  of  the  church  and  town  July  the  17th  1671.  —  1.  To 
acknowledge  thankfulness  to  Mr.  Oakes  for  his  great  love  and 
self-denial  in  parting  with  his  friends  and  concerns  in  England  to 
come  over  to  us.  2.  To  manifest  unto  him  the  continuance  of 
the  earnest  and  affectionate  desires  of  the  church  and  people 
that,  as  soon  as  well  may  be,  he  would  please  to  join  in  fellow- 
ship here,  in  order  to  his  settlement  and  becoming  a  pastor  to 
this  church.  3.  To  intreat  him  forthwith  to  consent  to  remove 
himself  and  family  into  the  house  prepared  for  the  ministry. 
4.  That  the  deacons  be  furnished  and  enabled  to  provide  for  his 
accommodation  at  the  charge  of  the  church  and  town,  and  dis- 
tribute the  same  seasonably  for  the  comfort  of  him  and  his  family, 
n.  That  half  a  year's  payment  forthwith  be  made  by  every  one, 
according  to  their  yearly  payment  to  the  ministry ;  and  the  one 
half  of  it  to  be  paid  in  money,  and  the  other  in  such  pay  as  is 
suitable  to  the  end  intended.  All  these  particulars  were  voted 
on  the  affirmative."  The  church  and  town  united  in  keeping 
"  the  17th  day  of  January  1676  a  day  of  thanksgiving  "  that  the 
loss  sustained  by  Mr.  Mitchell's  death  was  thus  supplied.  The 
expense  attending  the  removal  of  Mr.  Oakes,  including  the  ser- 
vices of  a  special  messenger  sent  to  accompany  him  hither,  was 
defrayed  by  the  church.  "  August  the  9th  1671.  Delivered  to 
William  Manning  sixty  pounds  in  silver  to  pay  Mr.  Prout  toward 
the  transportation  of  Mr.  Urian  Oakes  his  familie  and  goods, 
and  other  disbursements  and  for  John  Taylor  his  passage,  I  say 
payed  him  the  just  sume  of  60'.  0.  0.  Let  it  be  taken  notice  of 
that  Mr.  Prout  dos  demaund  thirteen  pounds  more  due  to  him." 
This  balance  was  subsequently  paid,  as  appears  by  the  account : 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  273 

"  Disbursed  for  Mr.  Oakes  transportation  from  Old  England  with 
his  family  73£."  Also  a  gratuity  was  given  to  the  messenger. 
Out  of  the  legacy  of  X20  bequeathed  to  the  church  by  Hezekiah 
Usher,  who  died  Th  1676,  there  was  given  "  to  John  Taylor  five 
pound,  hee  being  in  sume  streights  by  reason  of  a  dept  in  Eng- 
land he  goeing  to  accompany  our  pastor  to  New  England  it  was 
the  ocation  of  it." 

An  additional  glimpse  of  the  customs  of  that  period  is  obtained 
from  the  following  "  Account  of  the  disbursements  for  the  ordi- 
nation of  Mr.  Urian  Oakes  pastor  of  the  church  of  Cambrigd, 
being  the  8  of  November,  1671. 

"  It  3  bushells  of  wheate  Ol.  15'.  0* 

It.  2  bushells  £  of  malt  0.  10.  0 

It.  4  gallons  of  wine  0.  18.  0 

It.  forbeefe  1.  10.  0 

It.  for  mutton  1.  4.  0 

It.  for  301  of  butter  0.  15.  0 

It.  for  foules  0.  14.  9 

It.  for  suger,  spice,  and  frute,  and  other  small  things        1.  0.  0 

It.  for  labour  1.  8.  6 

It.  for  washing  the  table  lining  0.  6.  0 

It.  for  woode  7s  0.  7.  0 

It.  suit  7lb,  3'   bread  6'  0.  9.  0 


9.  17.  3" 

"  Gathered  by  contribution  of  the  church  the  saboth  before  )   . ,    „,    .  d 
the  ordination  for  the  sayde  occasion  ) 

"  And  the  remainder  of  the  charge  was  defrayed  out  of  the  )  -    i  A    9 
weekly  contribution  ) 

9.  17.3" 

As  a  further  illustration  of  the  customs,  the  following  items 
are  inserted :  — 

"  Eldar  Frost  liing  a  longe  time  weake  with  others  of  his 
familly  alsoe  having  the  ague  at  the  same  time  the  church  see 
meete  to  make  a  contribution  for  his  relefe  upon  June  16,  1672. 
The  sume  gathered  was  in  cash  7.  4.  9  and  in  other  pay  2.  5.  8." 

1675.  u  For  a  new  hour-glass  for  the  meeting-house,  0.  1.  0  " 

"  October  the  22,  1676.  The  contribution  was  for  Ensigne 
Samuell  Green  in  the  time  of  his  sicknes  and  his  family  alsoe 
being  sicke  there  was  contributed  in  cash  10.  5.  7  and  in  bills 
3.  7.  6." 

"  November  2d  1679.     The  contribution  upon  the  saboth  day 

18 


274  HISTORY    OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

was  for  the  reliefe  of  the  family  of  John  Gibson  they  being  in  a 
low  condition  they  being  visited  with  the  small  pox  and  under 
many  wants.  The  sum  contributed  in  cash  was  six  pound  nine- 
teen shillings  and  fower  pence.  This  contribution  was  disposed 
of  as  f olloweth : 

"  To  doctor  Oliver  for  fisicke  3'.  10".  Od 

To  Mr.  Angier  for  things  in  his  sicknes  0.     4.  0 

To  Mr.  Stedman  for  things  in  his  sicknes  0.  7.   6 

To  sister  Belsher  for  wine  for  his  funeral!  0.     7.  0 

To  two  nurses  that  tended  him  in  his  sicknes  1.     4.   0 

To  Hana  Arington  for  nursing  0.  10.  0 

To  Jeremiah  Holman's  daughter  for  nursing  0.     6.  0 

For  bords  for  his  coffin  0.     2.   6 

To  John  Palfree  for  making  of  his  coffin  0.     4.  0 

To  old  goodman  Gibson  in  cash  0.     4.   4 

6.  19.  4." 

Like  his  predecessors,  Mr.  Oakes  died  when  he  was  yet  com- 
paratively a  young  man.  He  had  long  been  subject  to  a  quartan 
ague;  but  his  life  was  terminated  by  fever  July  25,  1681,  in  the 
fiftieth  year  of  his  age.  His  death  was  as  sudden  and  unexpected 
as  that  of  Mr.  Mitchell.  "  He  was  arrested  with  a  malignant 
fever  which  presently  put  an  end  unto  his  days  in  this  world. 
....  When  he  had  lain  sick  about  a  day  or  two,  and  not  so 
long  as  to  give  the  people  of  God  opportunity  to  pray  for  his  re- 
covery, his  church  coming  together  with  expectation  to  have  the 
Lord's  Supper  on  the  Lord's  day  administered  unto  them,  to  their 
horror  found  the  pangs  of  death  seizing  their  pastor  that  should 
have  broken  to  them  the  bread  of  life."  1  The  last  ten  years  of 
his  life  were  years  of  trial,  mental  excitement,  and  severe  labor, 
partly  in  the  proper  work  of  the  ministry,  and  partly  resulting 
from  his  connection  with  the  College.2  Within  a  year  after  his 
ordination  as  pastor  of  the  church  in  Cambridge,  he  was  elected 
Fellow  of  Harvard  College,  which  office  he  (together  with  three 
of  his  associates,  Thomas  Shepard,  Joseph  Brown,  and  John 
Richardson)  very  soon  resigned,  under  somewhat  questionable 
circumstances.  The  overseers  of  the  College  requested  them  to 
resume  the  office  ;  but  they  declined,  until  March  15,  1674-5,  the 
day  on  which  President  Hoar  sent  in  his  resignation.  "  On  the 
same  day,  Oakes  and  Shepard  took  their  seats  as  members  of  the 

1  Mather's  Magnolia,  Book  iv.,  ch.  v.,     Oakes,  see   Sibley's  Harvard  Graduates, 
§  8-  173-185,  and  McKenzie's  Lectures,  120- 

2  For  a  more  extended  notice  of  Mr.     127. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  275 

Corporation,  and  the  seat  Dr.  Hoar  had  quitted  was  given  to  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Oakes."  He  hesitated  to  accept  the  office,  but  at  length 
consented  to  perform  its  duties  as  President  pro  tern.,  which  he 
continued  to  do  for  five  years ;  when,  having  been  again  elected, 
he  was  installed  into  the  office  of  President  on  Commencement 
Day,  in  August,  1680,  less  than  a  year  before  his  death.1 

Ancient  writers  uniformly  represent  Oakes  as  a  skilful  and  dili- 
gent teacher.  The  college  was  in  a  disorganized  condition  when 
he  assumed  its  management,  and  required  the  most  cautious  and 
judicious  guidance.  This,  together  with  the  labor  of  instruction, 
was  sufficient,  it  would  seem,  to  tax  his  mental  energy  to  the 
utmost,  especially  in  connection  with  his  various  duties  to  his 
church  and  parish.  But  in  addition  to  all  this,  his  mind  was 
disturbed  by  the  consciousness  that  his  opposition  to  President' 
Hoar  was  regarded  by  many  as  the  result  of  disappointed  ambi- 
tion, it  being  suspected  that  he  coveted  the  presidency  when  it  was 
vacated  by  the  death  of  Chauncy,  that  he  was  offended  when  it 
was  given  to  Hoar,  and  that  he  hoped  yet  to  obtain  it  if  his  rival 
could  be  displaced.  Mr.  Oakes  had  other  trials,  more  closely 
connected  with  his  pastoral  office.  Intense  political  excitement 
prevailed  in  regard  to  encroachments  by  the  British  Government 
on  the  Charter,  which,  not  long  after  the  death  of  Oakes,  was 
utterly  subverted  and  abrogated.  Intense  religious  excitement 
also  prevailed  in  consequence  of  the  renewed  activity  of  those 
dreaded  disturbers  of  the  public  peace,  the  Anabaptists  and  Quak- 
ers, who  were  encouraged  thereto  by  the  British  Government. 
To  this  excited  state  of  the  public  mind  Rev.  Samuel  Danforth 
alluded  in  a  letter  addressed  to  his  brother,  Thomas  Danforth, 
March  31,  1670:  "  The  truth  is,  matters  are  so  circumstanced 
that  a  man  can  hardly  come  into  any  company  and  enter  into 
any  discourse,  but  before  he  is  aware  he  finds  himself  in  the  like 
fan  and  sieve  as  that  wherein  Satan  winnowed  Peter  in  the  high 
priest's  hall."  2  On  the  same  subject  the  "  Freemen  of  Cam- 
bridge "  addressed  a  long  memorial  to  the  General  Court,  dated 
June  3,  1671  (just  one  month  before  the  arrival  of  Oakes  from 
England),  in  which  they  say  :  — 

"  After  the  experience  of  the  Lord's  goodness  in  giving  a  good 
issue  to  many  other  temptations  wherewith  in  his  wisdom  he 
hath  seen  meet  to  exercise  his  people  and  churches  here,  it  is 

1  Quincy's  History  of  Harvard  College,        2  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Proc.,  1873-1875,  p. 
i.  34-38,  and  Sibley's  Harvard  Graduates,    306. 
180. 


276  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

none  of  the  least  trials  to  the  faith  and  patience  of  his  poor  ser- 
vants that  which  at  present  is  upon  us,  viz.,  the  Lord's  judicial 
hand  is  delivering  up  many  among  us  to  their  own  heart's  lusts, 
that  they  can  boldly,  with  a  presumptuous  high  hand,  give  defi- 
ance to  the  Lord's  holy  institutions  and  ordinances,  to  his  deal- 
ministers,  despising  the  word  of  the  Lord  in  their  mouths,  and 
refusing  to  obey  them  that  have  the  rule  over  them  in  the  Lord, 
is  is  more  especially  the  practice  of  the  Quakers,  Anabaptists, 
and  Familists,  that  are  of  late  risen  up  among  us,  and  in  these 
wicked  practices  do  they  continue  notwithstanding  all  the  means 
that  have  been  used  for  their  conviction,  and  wholesome  laws  of 
this  jurisdiction  prohibiting  them  therein.  And  if,  by  their  in- 
corrigible hardiness,  they  can  at  last  weary  out  God's  ministers, 
casting  dirt  and  reproach  on  their  persons,  doctrine,  and  holy  ad- 
ministrations, which  they  well  know  will  soon  stick  and  easily 
prevail  to  cause  the  word  of  God  by  them  dispensed  to  be  unprof- 
itable, and  also  shall  perceive  that  there  are  some,  who,  though 
they  declare  not  themselves  to  own  their  corrupt  opinions  and  to 
allow  their  wicked  practices,  yet  can  plead  for  their  liberty  and 
implicitly  at  least  make  their  reflections  to  the  reproach  of  the 
godly  zeal  of  the  authority  here  established,  (seeking  to  reform 
such  exorbitant  practices),  and  thereby  so  weaken  their  hands 
that  they  wax  feeble  in  that  great  work  of  the  Lord,  they  hope 
then  that  the  day  shall  be  theirs ;  but  sure  it  is,  if  it  be  their 
day,  it  will  be  a  black  and  dark  night,  as  with  the  Lord's  people, 
so  also  with  his  truth  and  holy  institutions,  (examples  whereof 
are  not  a  few  in  Eccl.  histories),  the  upholding  whereof  in  purity 
and  power,  and  the  conveying  of  the  same  in  pure  streams  down 
to  our  posterity,  as  it  was  the  main  end  of  the  first  planters,  as  is 
before  declared,  so  it  cannot  but  be  the  earnest  desire  and  en- 
deavor of  every  Christian  soul.  Be  pleased,  therefore,  honorable 
sirs,  to  accept  our  tender  of  humble  thankfulness  as  to  the  Lord, 
so  also  to  your  honored  selves,  who,  under  God  are  the  walls  of 
this  our  Jerusalem,  for  all  your  pious  endeavors  and  holy  zeal 
(tempered  with  much  tenderness,  as  well  becometh  Christians) 
against  those  highhanded  and  presumptuous  sinners.  And  it  is 
our  humble  petition  to  this  honored  Court,  that  the  laws  here  es- 
tablished against  the  wicked  practices  of  those  obstinate  offenders 
may  be  fully  executed,  all  discontentments  that  may  tend  to  give 
any  discouragement  thereto  notwithstanding  ;  we  being  well  as- 
sured that  the  tolerating  of  them  will  add  to  the  catalogue  of 
those  things  that  he  whose  eyes  are  as  a  flaming  fire  in  the  midst 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  277 

of  his  churches  will  soon  espy  and  be  offended  with  us  for,  as  is 
by  himself  affirmed,  Rev.  ii.  14,  20  ;  but  on  the  contrary  it  is 
very  pleasing  when  his  people  do  hate  those  things  that  his  soul 
doth  hate,  as  appears  in  the  6th  verse  of  that  chapter."1 

Mr.  Oakes  expressed  his  opinion  concerning  these  exciting 
subjects  in  an  Election  Sermon,  May  7,  1673  :  "  They  that  are 
weary  of  and  disaffected  to  this  government  that  God  hath  estab- 
lished among  us,  and  shall  betray  and  give  up  the  civil  interest 
of  New  England,  wilt  have  more  to  answer  for  than  they  are 
aware  of.  He  is  a  madman  that  will  hope  for  the  continuance  of 
'our  spiritual  liberties,  if  the  wall  of  our  civil  government  be  once 
broken  down.  Those  beasts  that  break  down  the  hedge  of  our 
civil  government  do  not  design  or  do  it  merely  because  they  are 
angry  with  the  hedge,  but  because  they  would  break  in  and  de- 
vour all  that  is  precious  and  dear  to  us.  The  change  of  our  gov- 
ernment will  inevitably  introduce  a  sad  change  in  our  churches. 
To  divide  what  God  hath  conjoined,  viz.,  civil  and  ecclesiastical 
liberties,  to  deliver  up  civil  and  yet  hope  to  keep  spiritual  liber- 
ties, is  folly  in  its  exaltation."  Again,  "  The  loud  outcry  of  some 
is  for  liberty  of  conscience  ;  that  they  may  hold  and  practice 
what  they  will  in  religion.  This  is  the  Diana  of  some  men,  and 
great  is  the  Diana  of  the  Libertines  of  this  age.  I  remember 
Julian  the  Apostate,  that  malicious  and  implacable  enemy  to 
Christianity  have  observed  that  the  Christian  religion  prospered 
the  more  for  the  severe  persecution  in  Dioclesian's  time,  and  that 
the  Christians  grew  up  thicker  and  faster  for  being  mowed  down 
with  the  scythe  of  bloody  enemies.  He  did  for  a  while  abstain 
from  severities  against  the  Christians,  and  suffered  all  men  to  use 
what  religion  they  would  ;  and  Austin  saith  of  it,  Libertatem 
perditionis  permisit,  he  gave  men  liberty  to  destroy  themselves. 
Such  is  that  liberty  of  conscience,  even  a  liberty  of  perdition, 
that  some  men  are  so  unconscionably  clamorous  for.  But  remem- 
ber, that  as  long  as  you  have  liberty  to  walk  in  the  faith  and 
order  of  the  Gospel,  and  may  lead  quiet  and  peaceable  lives  in 
all  godliness  and  honesty,  you  have  as  much  liberty  of  conscience 
as  Paul  desired  under  any  government.  1  Tim.  ii.  1.  2.  He 
that  is  allowed  without  molestation  to  walk  with  God,  and  serve 
him  with  all  good  conscience,  hath  liberty  enough.  Never  com- 
plain when  that  is  your  condition,  that  you  may  be  as  good  as 
you  will.  Oh  take  heed  in  all  societies,  and  in  all  respects,  of  an 
inordinate  and  undue  affectation  of  liberty.  The  latter  end  of  it 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  x.  58. 


278  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

will  be  bondage  and  slavery."  "  I  look  upon  an  unbounded  tol- 
eration as  the  first  born  of  all  abominations.  If  this  should  be 
once  born  and  brought  forth  among  us,  you  may  call  it  Gad,  and 
give  the  same  reason  that  she  did  of  the  name  of  her  son,  Gen. 
xxx.  11,  Behold  a  troop  cometh,  even  a  troop  of  all  manner  of 
abominations.  This  would  be  not  only  to  open  the  wicket,  but 
to  fling  open  the  great  gate  for  the  ready  admission  and  reception 
of  all  abominable  heresies."  1 

In  the  ancient  Record-book,  Deacon  Cooper  continues  his  "  ac- 
count of  seaverall  providencis  of  God  to  the  church  of  Cambrigd  " 
as  follows  :  "  Mr.  Oakes  our  pastor  being  chosen  to  be  presi- 
dent of  the  Colegd  about  a  yeere  before  his  death  it  pleased  the 
Lord  to  guide  our  church  to  give  Mr.  Nathanill  Gookin  a  call  to 
bee  helpfull  in  the  ministry  in  order  to  call  him  to  office  in  time 
convenient  which  same  time  after  our  pasturs  death  our  church 
ded  give  hime  a  call  to  the  office  of  pastor  which  call  he  ded  ex- 
cept of  and  was  ordained  pastor  of  our  church  November  15th, 
1682.  Alsoe  theare  weare  ordained  the  same  day  two  Ruling 
Elders  of  our  church,  namly,  Deacon  John  Stone,  and  Mr.  Jonas 
Clarke  to  the  ofice  of  Ruling  Elders."  By  the  same  hand  we 
have  an  account  of  the  expense  attending  Mr.  Gookin's  ordina- 
tion, and  the  manner  in  which  that  expense  was  defrayed  :  — 
"  Provision  for  80  persons  9'.  10*.  Od 

For  burnt  wine  I1,  sugar  2s.  brandy  6d.  before  diner  1.      2.     6 
Wine  for  the  mesengers  in  the  morning  0.     16.     2 

The  chargis  for  the  cakes  for  the  mesingers )  0       8      ^ 

wheate  flower  7s.  8d   rose-water  9^  j 

12lbofcurrans  6s    15lb  of  suger  4s.  8*'  0.     10.     8 

A  pound  of  lofe  suger  1s    east  6d  0.       1 .     6 

Spice  5*.  6d    milke  IT>  0.       6.  11 

Ten  pound  of  butter  5s    a  cheese  4s  0.      9.     0 

61.  of  porke  1'.  6d  0.       1.     6 

Hay  for  the  horsis  5"    helpe  to  tende  the  horsis  2s    0.      7.     0 
Half  an  ounce  of  cloves  6rf  0.      0.     6 


13.    14.     2 

"  How  it  was  produced  the  pay  for  the  charge  of  Mr.  Gookins 
ordination  in  maner  as  followeth  :  — 

"  Payed  to  John  Jackson  by  cash  in  his  hand  5'.    0s.  Od 

Payed  to  John  Jackson  out  of  the  contribution  upon 
the    saboth   dayes  5l    2*   a   part  of  the     saide 


contribution  being  otherwayes  disposed  of  then 
to  the  minister  before  Mr.  Gookins  ordination 
by  the  order  of  the  church. 

1  Pages  49-54. 


2.    0 


ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  279 

More  payed  to  John  Jackson  out  of  Thomas  Beales  ^  ,  z  g,  Q<J 
legacy  toward  the  ordination  by  Walter  Hastins  i 

More  payed  by  Walter  Hastins  toward  the  ordina-  1  i  i  Q  Q 
tion  of  widow  Beales  legacy  ) 

By  John  Cooper  11s    a  cheese,  4'»  0.  15.    0 

By  butter  and  hay  and  milke  this  15s.  was  13.  15.    6 

payed  by  money  that  was  in  my  hand." 

Little  is  known  of  Mr.  Gookin's  personal  history.  His  ministry 
was  short,  but  it  extended  over  a  troublous  political  period,  em- 
bracing the  abrogation  of  the  charter,  the  usurpation  of  the  gov- 
ernment by  Andros  as  the  agent  of  arbitrary  power,  and  the  rev- 
olution which  reinstated  the  old  charter-magistrates.  Although 
his  father,  Major-general  Gookin,  was  one  of  the  most  sturdy 
defenders  of  popular  rights  against  the  encroachments  of  tyranny, 
and  his  brother,  Capt.  Samuel  Gookin,  was  an  active  participant 
in  the  struggle,  sometimes  on  the  one  side  and  sometimes  on  the 
other,  Mr.  Gookin  is  not  known  to  have  turned  aside  from  his 
pastoral  duties,  or  to  have  taken  any  part  in  the  political  conflict. 
He  was  a  Fellow  of  Harvard  College,  but  probably  did  not  act  as 
a  tutor  after  taking  the  entire  charge  of  the  church.  Short  as  was 
the  life  of  his  predecessors,  his  own  was  even  more  brief,  —  lack- 
ing two  months  of  thirty-four  years.  His  pastorate  was  almost 
precisely  as  long  as  that  of  Mr.  Oakes,  —  nearly  ten  years.1 
The  ancient  record  says,  "  Mr.  Nathaniel  Gookin,  our  pastor, 
departed  this  life  7  day  of  August  1692,  being  the  Sabbath  day 
at  night,  about  nine  or  ten  o'clock  at  night.  Elder  Clark  de- 
parted this  life  14  January  99  or  1700,  being  the  Sabbath  day. 
Our  pastor  Mr.  Nathaniel  Gookin's  wife  Hannah  died  14  day  of 
May  1702,  and  was  buried  16  day  of  May  at  the  town's  charge."  2 
During  Mr.  Gookin's  ministry,  the  church  continued  to  "  remem- 
ber the  poor."  Contributions  were  taken  for  Joseph  Graves,  in 
1683,  Moses  Eyers,  in  1684,  and  Thomas  Gould,  in  1685,  sev- 
erally in  "  Turkey  Slavery  ;  "  for  poor  Frenchmen,  in  1686,  who 
fled  here  for  shelter  ;  and  in  1692  for  "  York  captives  with  the 
Indians."  In  1686,  seven  pounds  were  contributed  for  the  relief 

1  Dr.  Holmes  says :  "  The  shortness  of  Journal  says,  "Mr.  Joseph  Eliot  comes 
Mr.  Gookin's  ministry,  and  the  imperfec-  in  and  tells  me  the  amazing  news  of  the 
tion  of  the  early  records  of  the  church,  Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Gookin's  being  dead  : 
leave  us  very  deficient  in  the  means  of  'tis  even  as  sudden  to  me  as  Mr.  Oakes' 
obtaining  his  history  and  character."  Coll.  death.  He  was  one  of  our  best  ministers, 
Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  54.  But  we  have  this  and  one  of  the  best  friends  I  had  left." 
testimony  of  his  worth  by  one  of  his  con-  a  The  orthography  of  this  record  is  ex- 
temporaries  :  Judge  Sewall  in  his  MS.  traordinnrily  vicious,  and  is  here  corrected. 


280  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  John  Parker  at  the  "  Village,"  whose  house  had  been  burned. 
"  June  8,  1683.  The  contribution  upon  the  Saboth  day  was  for 
the  releefe  of  widdow  Crackbon  and  her  sone,  hee  being  dis- 
tracted. The  sume  contributed  in  cash  was  8'.  13*.,  and  in  other 
pay,  by  Maior  Gookin  a  bl.  of  rie  and  a  bl.  of  malt,  7s.  6d. ;  by 
Thomas  Androwes,  2*. ;  by  Sharabiah  Kibby,  2*.  ;  by  Simond 
Gates,  4*."  Again  :  "  Jan.  12,  1689.  Theare  was  a  contribution 
for  widdow  Arrington  and  her  family  they  being  under  the 
aflicting  hand  of  God,  her  sonns  weare  taken  away  by  death  and 
her  daughter  and  a  grandchilde.  The  sum  in  cash  was  6'.  18". 
The  sum  in  common  pay  was  I1.  2*.  6V 

While  Mr.  Gookin  was  laboring  as  an  assistant  to  Mr.  Oakes, 
the  County  Court  required  certain  statistical  returns  from  the 
several  towns  in  the  county,  concerning  the  number  of  families 
and  taxable  polls,  schools,  tything-men,  and  the  amount  of  com- 
pensation paid  to  the  pastors  of  the  several  churches.  The  Cam- 
bridge Committee  made  report,  March  30,  1680,  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  number  of  our  families,  according  to  our  nearest  com- 
putation, is  one  hundred  and  twenty-one.  The  number  of  our 
persons,1  according  to  our  nearest  computation,  is  one  hundred 
and  sixty-nine.  The  annual  allowance  to  our  reverend  pastor  in 
money  is  about  51' ;  in  goods  and  provisions  about  78',  13  .  Sum  is 
129'  13*  Od ;  with  his  dwelling  in  the  house  built  for  the  ministry, 
with  four  acres  of  land  adjoining  thereunto ;  also  about  twenty 
load  of  wood  annually  carried  to  his  house."  It  was  voted,  June 
28,  1680,  "  that  the  maintenance  that  is  annually  allowed  to  the 
ministry,  Mr.  Nathanill  Gookin  shall  have  one  hundred  pounds 
thereof  for  this  present  year,  and  the  remainder  to  be  paid  to  Mr. 
Oakes."  After  Mr.  Gookin's  death,  the  town  voted,  May  13, 1695, 
"  to  give  to  the  next  minister  that  the  church  and  town  shall  settle 
among  them  ninety  pounds  per  annum,  in  money,  so  long  as  he 
shall  carry  on  the  work  of  the  ministry  in  Cambridge  ;  "  and, 
Jan.  23,  1712-3,  "  voted,  that  the  sum  of  ten  pounds  per  annum 
be  added  to  the  salary  of  the  ministry  in  this  part  of  the  town, 
instead  of  the  annual  custom  of  carting  of  wood ;  so  that  the 
said  salary  is  one  hundred  pounds  per  annum."  The  nominal 
salary  remained  unchanged  until  the  close  of  Dr.  Appleton's  long 
ministry,  more  than  seventy  years  afterwards  ;  but  it  was  the 
custom,  for  many  years,  to  give  the  pastor  "  a  considerable  quan- 
tity of  wood  gratis,  some  years  between  thirty  and  forty  loads, 
1  Ratable  polls,  or  males  sixteen  years  of  age. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  281 

sometimes  above  forty  loads."  *  A  reasonable  allowance  was 
made,  also,  for  the  depreciation  of  values,  during  the  Revolution- 
ary War.  Provision  was  made  which  resulted  in  the  creation  of 
a  fund  for  the  maintenance  of  the  ministry.  June  28,  1680, 
"  Voted  and  agreed,  that  five  hundred  acres  of  the  remote  lands, 
lying  between  Oburne,  Concord,  and  our  head-line,  shall  be  laid 
out  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  the  ministry  of  this  town  and 
place,  and  to  remain  to  that  use  forever."  In  1718,  this  land 
was  sold,  and  of  the  proceeds  one  hundred  and  thirty  pounds 
were  expended  on  the  Parsonage,  and  the  remainder  was  in- 
vested in  a  fund,  whereof  two  thirds  of  the  interest  should  be 
paid  annually  to  the  pastor  of  the  church,  and  the  remaining 
third  part  should  be  added  to  the  principal.  It  is  understood 
that  this  fund  recently  amounted  to  more  than  twenty  thousand 
dollars. 

It  was  Mr.  Gookin's  lot  to  witness  another  division  of  his 
parish.  In  1682,  the  "  Farmers,"  as  those  were  called  who 
dwelt  in  what  is  now  the  town  of  Lexington,  petitioned  to  be  set 
off  as  a  separate  parish,  "  in  order  to  provide  for  themselves  a 
person  that  may  be  meet  and  able  to  dispense  unto  them  the 
word  of  God  ;  "  representing  that  they  were  "  seated  at  a  great 
distance,  the  nearest  of  them  above  five  miles  (some  of  them  six, 
some  eight,  some  nine,  if  not  ten  miles),  from  the  public  place 
of  meeting  to  worship  God  in  the  town  that  we  appertain  unto." 
This  petition  was  opposed  by  Cambridge,  and  was  not  granted 
by  the  General  Court.  It  was  renewed  in  1684,  when  it  met  a 
similar  fate.  The  request  was  finally  granted,  Dec.  15,  1691 ; 
and  although  a  church  was  not  organized,  separate  from  the 
mother  church,  until  nearly  five  years  later,  Rev.  Benjamin 
Estabrook  was  engaged  to  preach  one  year  in  the  parish,  com- 
mencing May  1,  1692.  He  was  ordained  Oct.  21,  1696,  and 
died  July  22,  1697. 

After  the  death  of  Mr.  Gookin,  more  than  four  years  elapsed 
before  the  ordination  of  his  successor.  In  the  meantime  more 
than  thirty  ministers  preached  in  the  Cambridge  pulpit,  of  whom 
Samuel  Angier,  William  Brattle,  and  Increase  Mather,  preached 
more  frequently  than  any  other.  The  compensation  to  the 
preachers  was  ten  shillings  for  each  sermon  ;  and  generally  one 
person  preached  in  the  forenoon,  and  another  in  the  afternoon. 
The  commendable  generosity  of  one  eminent  preacher  is  re- 
corded by  Deacon  Hastings  :  "  Mr.  Increase  Mather  preached 

1   Church  Record. 


282  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

much  in  the  time  of  our  vacancy  ;  and  he  gave  his  to  Mrs.  Han- 
nah Gookin,  widow,  and  it  was  paid  her  and  for  entertaining  the 
minister  that  preached  with  us."  l  The  generosity  of  the  parish 
ought  also  to  be  held  in  remembrance.  The  expense  of  Mr. 
Mitchell's  funeral  was  defrayed  by  the  parish,  and  donations 
were  made  to  his  widow  (who  was  also  widow  of  the  former  pas- 
tor, Mr.  Shepard),  as  long  as  she  lived.  Mr.  Oakes  left  no 
widow,  and  the  College  assumed  the  charge  of  his  funeral,  as  in 
the  case  of  their  former  President,  Mr.  Chauncy.  The  town 
(which  was  the  parish)  voted,  Nov.  14,  1692,  "  to  pay  the  ex- 
pense and  defray  the  charge  of  our  Pastor  Gookin's  funeral 
charges,  which  amounted  to  about  eighteen  pounds  in  money :  " 
and  the  continuance  of  the  same  benevolence  is  indicated  by  a 
vote,  March  10,  1700-1,  "that  Mrs.  Hannah  Gookin  should  be 
paid  three  pounds,  to  pay  the  rent  of  her  house  this  present 
year."  The  account  is  fittingly  closed  by  the  record  under  date 
of  May  15, 1702  :  "  Voted,  that  the  selectmen  take  care  that  Mrs. 
Hannah  Gookin  be  decently  buried  at  the  charge  of  the  inhabi- 
tants belonging  to  this  meeting-house,  and  the  charge  of  said 
funeral  be  added  to  the  town  rate  granted  this  year." 

Rev.  William  Brattle,  born  at  Boston,  November,  1662,  H.  C. 
1680,  Tutor  and  Fellow  of  the  College  1692,  one  of  the  first  two 
on  whom  the  College  conferred  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Divin- 
ity, 1692,  who  had  supplied  the  pulpit  occasionally  since  Mr. 
Gookin's  death  and  constantly  since  March  25,  1696,  was  or- 
dained pastor  of  the  church  Nov.  25,  1696.  From  this  time  a 
regular  church  record  was  made,  which  has  been  preserved  in 
good  condition.  At  the  commencement  of  this  record,  Mr. 
Brattle  says  he  u  succeeded  the  Rev.  Mr.  Nathaniel  Gookin,  and 
was  ordained  a  minister  of  Jesus  Christ  and  a  pastor  to  the  flock 
at  Cambridge,  Nov.  25, 1696,  per  the  Rev.  Mr.  Inc.  Mather.  The 
Rev.  Mr.  Morton,  Mr.  Allin,  and  Mr.  Willard  laid  on  hands.  The 

Rev.  Mr.  Sam1.  Willard  gave  the  right  hand  of  fellowship 

Deo  sit  gloria.  Amen."  The  proceedings  at  this  ordination  seem 
to  have  been  misapprehended  by  some  historians.  President 
Quincy  says  that  Brattle  "  gave  immediate  evidence  of  his  dispo- 
sition to  set  himself  free  from  some  customs  of  the  established 
Congregational  Church.  He  preached  at  his  own  ordination,  and 
forbade  an  elder,  because  he  was  a  layman,  to  lay  his  hand  upon 
his  head  during  the  ceremony.  Both  were  deviations  from  the 
established  practice  of  the  early  Congregational  Churches." 2 

1  Church  Record ;  orthography  revised.        a  History  of  Harvard  University,  i.  88, 

89. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  283 

And  he  quotes  the  remark  of  Judge  Sewall :  "  It  was,  at  first, 
ordered  that  Mr.  Brattle  should  not  preach.  But  many  being 
troubled  at  it,  'twas  afterward  altered."  1  Instead  of  deviating 
from  the  established  custom,  Mr.  Brattle,  in  fact,  conformed  to  it 
by  preaching  at  his  own  ordination,  though  he  earnestly  desired  to 
be  excused  from  that  service.  In  proof  that  it  was  not  unusual 
for  a  pastor  to  preach  his  own  ordination  sermon,  it  is  sufficient 
to  quote  two  examples,  which  occurred  near  the  same  time  and 
in  this  immediate  vicinity.  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  grandson  of 
the  first  pastor  of  this  church,  was  ordained  at  Charlestown,  May 
5,  1680.  "  Mr.  Shepard  was  ordained  by  Mr.  Sherman  of 
Watertown,  and  received  the  right  hand  of  fellowship  from  Pres- 
ident Oakes.  He  preached  his  own  Ordination  Sermon,  and 
took  his  text  from  Hebrews,  xiii.  20,  That  great  Shepherd  of  the 
sheep.  Another  sermon  was  preached  on  this  occasion,  from 
Ezekiel  xxxiii.  7,  Son  of  man,  I  have  set  thee  a  watchman."2 
Rev.  Benjamin  Estabrook  was  ordained  at  Lexington,  Oct.  21, 
1696,  exactly  five  weeks  before  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Brattle. 
Judge  Sewall  describes  the  exercises  thus :  "  A  church  is  gath- 
ered at  Cambridge  North  Farms.  No  relations  made,  but  a 
covenant  signed  and  voted  by  ten  brethren,  dismissed  from  the 
churches  of  Cambridge,  Watertown,  Woburn,  Concord,  for  this 
work.  Being  declared  to  be  a  church,  they  chose  Mr.  Benjamin 
Estabrooks  their  pastor,  who  had  made  a  good  sermon  from  Jer. 
iii.  15.  Mr.  Estabrooks,  the  father,  managed  this,  having  prayed 
excellently.  Mr.  Willard  gave  the  charge  ;  Mr.  Fox  the  right 
hand  of  Fellowship."3  These  examples  are  sufficient  to  show 
that  Mr.  Brattle  did  not  depart  from  an  established  Congrega- 
tional custom,  by  preaching  at  his  own  ordination.  On  the  con- 
trary, he  conformed  to  the  custom,  not  willingly,  but  in  deference 
to  the  wishes  of  others.  In  the  Library  of  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society  is  preserved  a  manuscript  letter  from  Mr. 
Brattle  to  Rev.  Rowland  Cotton  of  Sandwich,  dated  Nov.  6, 
1696,  in  which  he  says  :  u  I  wrote  to  your  good  father  the  last 
week,  and  therein  acquainted  him  and  yourself,  &c.,  that  the  or- 
dination at  Cambridge  is  designed  (God  willing)  25  this  instant. 
Shall  be  glad  to  see  you  and  others  my  friends,  and  in  the  mean- 
time entreat  your  good  wishes.  I  trust  the  Reverend  Presi- 
dent will  preach  the  ordination-sermon  ;  it  is  my  hearty  desire, 

1  History  of  Harvard  University,  i.  489.        *  Sewall's  MS.  Journal. 

2  Frothingham's    History   of   Charles- 
town,  p.  192. 


284  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  that  which  must  he,  otherwise  I  shall  have  great  dissatisfac- 
tion in  my  own  mind,  it  being,  according  to  my  best  light,  most 
proper  that,  when  there  is  time  but  for  one  sermon  on  such  days, 
some  grave  Divine,  and  not  the  young  Candidate,  should  give 
the  said  sermon."  As  a  compromise,  Mr.  Brattle  preached  to 
gratify  those  who  adhered  to  the  custom,  and  in  compliance  with 
his  earnest  desire  Dr.  Mather  preached,  as  appears  by  the  dea- 
con's record  of  the  services. 

In  one  matter,  Mr.  Brattle  early  adopted  a  practice,  then  re- 
cently introduced,  at  variance  with  the  established  usage.  He 
obtained  a  vote  of  the  church  that  public  relations  of  experience 
should  not  be  required  of  candidates  for  admission  to  member- 
ship ; 1  and  that  the  question  upon  admission  should  no  longer  be 
taken  by  "  manual  vote,"  but  silence  should  be  considered  as- 
sent. This  gave  dissatisfaction  to  Deputy-governor  Danforth 
and  others  :  whereupon,  —  "  At  a  church  meeting  at  Mr.  Bord- 
mau's  house,  May  4,  1697,  —  (1)  Then  propounded  to  Mr.  Dan- 
forth and  the  whole  body  of  the  brethren  who  had  remonstrated 
as  to  the  votes  of  the  church  passed  March  11,  '96—7,  at  the 
house  of  deacon  Hastings,  whether,  if  I  would  condescend  so  far 
as  to  let  something  be  communicated  to  the  church  by  myself,  or 
the  Elder,  wherein  I  received  satisfaction  from  those  who  ask 
communion  with  us,  as  to  their  spiritual  fitness  for  it,  and  this  to 
be  done  at  some  time  before  or  when  they  are  to  be  admitted  as 
I  shall  judge  best,  and  this  to  remain  so  long  as  the  peace  of  the 
church  requires  it,  —  they  would  then  be  satisfied,  and  give  no 
further  trouble  :  —  This  proposal  was  consented  unto  by  them  all, 
no  one  expressing  his  dissent.  (2)  Then  propounded  to  them 
whether,  if  the  way  and  manner  of  taking  the  Church's  consent, 
whether  by  handy  vote,  or  silence,  or  any  other  indifferent  sign, 
be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  Elders,  this  would  be  to  their  satis- 
faction : —  to  this,  likewise,  their  consent  was  given,  and  no  one 
expressed  his  dissatisfaction.  Upon  which  I  promised  that,  so 
long  as  the  peace  of  the  Church  called  for  it,  I  would  observe 
what  I  had  now  propounded  to  them  for  the  accommodating  the 
differences  which  had  been  among  us."  2 

The  connection  of  Mr.  Brattle  with  his  church  for  more  than 
twenty  years  was  peaceful  and  successful.  His  connection  with 
the  college,  as  Tutor  and  Fellow  was  even  longer,  and  equally 

1  The  same  course  had  been  pursued  at        2  Church  Record. 
the  gathering  of  the  church  at  Lexington, 
Oct.  21,  1696. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  285 

pleasant  and  beneficial.  After  the  death  of  his  brother,  Thomas 
Brattle,  he  skilfully  performed  the  duties  of  Treasurer  of  the 
College,  for  about  two  years.  At  the  election  of  President, 
Oct.  28,  1707,  he  had  one  vote.1  His  literary  attainments  were 
further  recognized  by  his  election  as  a  member  of  the  Royal  Soci- 
ety,—  an  honor  conferred  on  very  few  Americans.  After  "a 
languishing  distemper  which  he  bore  with  great  patience  and 
resignation,"  he  "  died  with  peace  and  an  extraordinary  serenity 
of  mind,"  Feb.  15,  1716-17,  in  the  fifty-fifth  year  of  his  age.  An 
obituary  appeared  in  the  "  Boston  News  Letter,"  dated  Feb.  25, 
in  which  it  is  said  that  his  "  good  name  while  he  lived  was  better 
than  precious  ointment,  and  his  memory,  now  being  that  of  the 
just,  will  be  always  blessed.  They  that  had  the  happiness  to 
know  Mr.  Brattle,  knew  a  very  religious,  good  man,  an  able 
divine,  a  laborious,  faithful  minister,  an  excellent  scholar,  a  great 
benefactor,  a  wise  and  prudent  man,  and  one  of  the  best  of  friends. 
The  promoting  of  religion,  learning,  virtue,  and  peace,  every 
where  within  his  reach,  was  his  very  life  and  soul,  the  great  busi- 
ness about  which  he  was  constantly  employed,  and  in  which  he 
principally  delighted.  Like  his  great  Lord  and  Master,  he  went 
(^or  sent)  about  doing  good.  His  principles  were  sober,  sound, 
moderate,  being  of  a  catholic  and  pacific  spirit."  In  a  preface  to 
Dr.  Se wall's  sermon  on  the  death  of  Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton, 
Dr.  Mather  fully  corroborates  the  foregoing  testimony :  "  In 
the  same  week  another  faithful  minister  of  God  was  taken  away, 
viz.  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Brattle,  pastor  of  the  church  in  Cam- 
bridge, whom  also  I  had  reason  to  have  an  intimate  acquaintance 
with,  for  that  I  presided  over  the  College  all  the  time  of  his  be- 
ing a  Fellow  and  a  Tutor  there  ;  and  I  had  much  comfort  in  his 
conversation.  Had  I  not  known  his  abilities,  I  would  not  have 
advised  the  precious  Church  in  Cambridge  to  have  elected  and 

1  It  is  not  unlikely  that  this  vote  was  and   that   day  with   your  presence   and 

given  by  Increase  Mather,  D.  D.    A  MS.  managements.     I  know  it  would  be  very 

letter  from  Mr.  Brattle  to  him,  dated  May  great  condescension  in  yourself;  but  be- 

8,  1707,  preserved  in  the  Library  of  Har-  cause  of  the  special  service  which  would 

vard  College,  indicates  their  mutual  re-  come  thence,  and  for  the  sake  of  the  pub- 

spect  and  affection.     After  hearty  thanks  lie  glory  that  would  attend  it,  I  cannot 

for  a  book  which  he  had  recently  received,  but  wish  it.    I  have  deep  resentments  of 

Mr.  Brattle  says  :    "  As  to  the  affairs  of  your  respects  to  my  unworthy  self :  it  is 

the  College,  I  wish  they  were  under  better  what  I  am  most  apt  to  be  proud  of,  that  I 

circumstances  than  they  are  :   I  do  not  have  in  any  measure  your  smiles.     The 

hear  but  that  the  Commencement  is  like  argument  you  urge  my  compliance  from 

to  be  carry'd   on  as  of  late :    If  not,  I  in  case  and  of  your  presence,  &c.,  is  with- 

would  with  all  earnestness  wish  that  your-  out  flattery  the  greatest  temptation   from 

self  would  once  more  honor  that  society  the  head  of  honor  that  could  assault  me." 


286  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ordained  him  their  pastor,  and  at  their  and  his  desire  performed 
that  office  of  respect  and  love  on  Nov.  25,  1696.  He  that  holds 
the  stars  in  his  right  hand  was  pleased  to  uphold  him  in  the 
pastoral  office  some  months  above  twenty  years.  I  am  glad  to 
see  his  character  already  published,  and  that  it  is  done  without 
hyperbolizing,  that  which  is  there  said  of  him  being  true,  and 
nothing  but  justice  to  his  memory.  Where  shall  there  be  found 
a  suitable  successor?"  This  surely  does  not  indicate  such  a 
jealousy  and  antagonism  between  Dr.  Mather  and  Mr.  Brattle  as 
some  historians  have  represented. 

It  would  seem  that  hitherto,  very  few  pews  had  been  con- 
structed in  the  meeting-house  ;  instead  of  which  there  were  long 
seats  appropriated  to  individuals  by  the  "  seaters  of  the  meeting- 
house." But  early  in  Mr.  Brattle's  ministry,  March  14,  1697-8, 
the  town  "  voted,  that  there  should  be  a  pew  made  and  set  up 
between  Mr.  Samuel  Gookin's  pew  and  the  stairs  on  the  south- 
east corner  of  the  meeting-house  for  the  family  of  the  ministry." 
Soon  afterwards,  July  11,  1698,  "on  the  motion  of  Mr.  John 
Leverett  and  Doctor  James  Oliver,  the  Selectmen  do  grant  that 
they  shall  have  convenient  place  in  the  meeting-house  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  their  respective  families  ;  the  place  or  places  to  be 
set  out  to  them  by  the  Selectmen,  the  Elders  consenting  thereto  : 
the  places  which  they  desire  are  on  each  side  of  the  east  door  of 
the  meeting-house."  This  meeting-house,  having  stood  some- 
what more  than  fifty  years,  had  become  dilapidated,  and  the  in- 
habitants of  the  town  voted,  July  12, 1703,  "  that  they  apprehend 
it  necessary  at  this  time  to  proceed  to  the  building  of  a  new  meet- 
ing-house, and  in  order  thereunto,  there  was  then  chosen  Capt. 
Andrew  Belcher,  Esq.,  Thomas  Brattle,  Esq.,  John  Leverett,  Esq., 
Col.  Francis  Foxcroft,  Esq.,  Deacon  Walter  Hastings,  Capt. 
Thomas  Oliver,  and  Mr.  William  Russell,  a  committee  to  advise 
and  consider  of  the  model  and  charge  of  building  said  meeting- 
house, and  to  make  report  of  the  same  to  said  inhabitants."  Final 
action  was  delayed  until  December  6,  1705,  when  it  was  "voted 
that  the  sum  of  two  hundred  and  eighty  pounds  be  levied  on  said 
inhabitants,  toward  the  building  a  new  meeting-house  amongst 
them."  Thanks  were  voted  by  the  town,  March  8,  1707-8,  to 
"the  Honble  Andrew  Belcher,  Esq.,"  for  his  gift  "toward  build- 
ing our  new  meeting-house."  The  same  generous  benefactor  had 
previously  given  a  bell,  as  mentioned  in  a  former  chapter.  On 
the  28th  of  September,  1703,  the  College  granted  sixty  pounds 
"  out  of  the  College  Treasury  towards  the  building  a  new  meet- 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 


287 


ing-house  ;  "  and,  August  6, 1706,  "  voted  that  Mr.  Leverett  with 
the  Treasurer  take  care  for  the  building  of  a  pew  for  the  Presi- 
dent's family  in  the  meeting-house  now  a  building,  and  about  the 
students'  seats  in  the  said  meeting-house ;  the  charge  of  the  pew 
to  be  defrayed  out  of  the  College  Treasury."  This  third  house 
stood  on  or  very  near  the  spot  occupied  by  the  second,  and  seems 
to  have  been  opened  for  public  worship,  Oct.  13,  1706,  as  Mr. 
Brattle's  record  of  Baptisms  shows  that  on  that  day  he  first  bap- 
tized a  child  in  that  house,  having  performed  a  similar  service  in 
the  College  Hall  on  the  previous  Sabbath. 

As  before  stated,  Mr.  Brattle  died  Feb.  15,  1716-7.  On  the 
next  day  after  his  decease,  the  town  "  voted,  that  the  charge  of 
wine,  scarves,  and  gloves,  &c.,  for  the  bearers  at  the  funeral  of 
our  late  Pastor,  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Brattle,  deceased,  be  de- 
frayed by  the  town,  and  that  the  deacons  and  selectmen,  by 
themselves,  or  any  three  of  them  that  they  may  appoint,  order 
the  management  thereof."  An  account  of  money  thus  disbursed, 
amounting  to  <£23  17  10,  was  presented  and  allowed  March  11, 
1716—7.  Mr.  Brattle's  remains  were  deposited  under  the  same 
slab  which  marks  the  resting-place  of  Dr.  James  Oliver,  who 
deceased  April  8,  1703. l 


1  On  the  day  of  the  funeral,  Wednes- 
day, Feb.  20,  1716-7,  there  was  an  ex- 
traordinary snow-storm.  The  Boston 
News  Letter,  dated  Feb.  25,  says :  "  Be- 
sides several  snows,  we  had  a  great  one 
on  Monday  the  18th  current,  and  on 
Wednesday  the  20th,  it  began  to  snow 
about  noon  and  continued  snowing  till 
Friday  the  22d,  so  that  the  snow  lies  in 
some  parts  of  the  streets  about  six  foot 
high."  A  more  vivid  description  is  given 
in  a  letter  from  Rev.  John  Cotton,  of 
Newton  (who  was  present  at  the  funeral) 
to  his  father,  Rev.  Rowland  Cotton,  of 
Sandwich,  dated  Wednesday,  Feb.  27, 
1716-7,  and  preserved  in  the  Library  of 
the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society : 
"  Hond.  Father,  I  left  3  letters  at  Savel's 
ys  &  ye  last  week,  besides  1  I  put  into 
Ezra  Bourns  hand  last  Wednesday  night 
at  Cambridge,  wc  night  (as  he  went  to 
Maiden  &  there  I  suppose  kept  prisoner 
till  now)  so  I  went  to  Boston,  &  by 
reason  of  ye  late  great  &  very  deep  snow 
I  was  detained  there  till  yesterday.  I  got 
with  difficulty  to  ye  ferry  on  Friday,  but 
cdnt  get  over  :  went  back  to  Mr.  Belcher's 


where  I  lodgd.  Try'd  again  ye  next  day. 
Many  of  us  went  over  ye  ferry  —  Majr 
Turner,  Price,  Lynde,  Brattle,  Somersby, 
Holyoke,  Sewall,  &c.,  &  held  a  council  at 
Charlstown,  &  having  heard  of  ye  g*  diffi- 
culty of  a  butcher  going  tow'd  neck  of 
land,  who  was  founder'd,  dug  out,  &c  ,  y* 
we  were  quite  disco rag'd  :  went  back  & 
lodg'd  w*  abundance  of  heartiness  at  Mr. 
Belchers.  Mr.  White  &  I  trudg'd  thro' 
up  to  ye  South,  where  I  knew  Mr.  Col  man 
was  to  preach  in  ye  forenoon,  when  he 
design'd  to  give  the  separate  character  of 
Mr.  Pemb.,  [Rev.  Ebenezer  Pemberton, 
who  died  Feb.  13,  1717]  wc  yr  wasn't 
time  for  on  yc  Lecture,  wc  he  did  sweetly 
&  well :  telling  how  emulous  he  always 
was  to  excell ;  his  candle  envied,  &c.,  y' 
when  we  saw  him  stand  up  how  our  ex- 
pectations wr  always  rais'd  &  y*  he  always 
exceeded  'em  &  never  deceiv'd  'em.  Mr. 
Sewal  upon  —  we  have  y8  Treas.  in  earthin 
vessels  &c.  Mr.  Sewal  spake  well,  very 
well,  of  his  ascended  Master  &  father, 
concerning  wra  he  cdnt  be  wholly  silent, 
&  then  gave  a  breif,  full,  &  good  charac- 
ter, together  w*  his  last  words  wc  Mast'. 


288  HISTORY    OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

Immediately  after  the  decease  of  Mr.  Brattle  the  Church 
adopted  measures  to  supply  the  vacancy  thus  occasioned.  A 
meeting  for  that  purpose  was  duly  appointed,  and  its  proceed- 
ings were  minutely  recorded  by  President  Leverett,  in  his  Diary, 
preserved  in  the  Library  of  Harvard  College.  As  the  result  was 
so  important,  securing  the  settlement  of  a  pastor  who  fed  the 
flock  of  Christ  nearly  sixty -seven  years,  almost  as  long  as  the 
combined  ministry  of  his  five  predecessors,  this  record  is  worthy 
of  publication  :  "Friday,  April  the  19th,  1717.  At  a  meeting 
of  the  Church  of  Christ  in  Cambridge.  1.  The  President  being 
desired  by  the  deacons  and  brethren  opened  the  meeting  with 
prayer.  2.  The  deacons  proposed  that  a  moderator  might  be 
chosen  for  the  ordering  and  directing  the  meeting.  3.  Voted, 
that  the  President  be  moderator  of  this  meeting.  He  sub- 
mitted to  the  vote  of  the  brethren  of  the  Church,  and,  opening 
the  design  and  intention  of  the  meeting,  earnestly  desired  that 
every  body  would  freely  discover  their  minds  and  declare  what 
measures  they  thought  proper,  and  what  steps  they  would  take 
in  order  to  a  settlement  of  the  ministry  in  this  place.  After  a 
due  time  of  silence  Mr.  Justice  Remington  expressed  himself, 
that  the  nomination  of  some  suitable  persons  seemed  to  be  the 
first  step  to  be  taken.  Some  other  spake  to  the  same  effect.  No 
opposition  being  expressed,  a  vote  was  called  and  it  was  voted. 
4.  Voted,  that  the  brethren  express  their  minds  as  to  nomination 
in  writing,  and  the  three  persons  that  shall  have  the  most  votes 
shall  be  the  persons  nominated,  out  of  which  an  election  shall  be 
made  of  one,  in  order  to  be  settled  in  the  pastoral  office  in  this 

Williams  writ  down.     They'll  all  be  in  Sam.  Jacks.   [Samuel  Jackson]   Stowell, 

print.     On  Monday   I  assay'd  again  for  &c.  come  down  on  purpose  to  break  yc 

Newton;  but  'twas  now  also  in  vain.    No-  way  &  conduct  me  home  —  w°  yy  kindly 

body  had  been  from  Cambr.  &  there  was  did   &  thro  favor  safely,  last  night;  but 

lodg'd  there  Mr.  Gerrish,  Rogers,  Fitch,  w*  such  difficulty  y*  I  design  not  down  to- 

Blowers,    Prescot,  Whiting,   Chevcrs,   &  morrow.     Tho'  yc  Dr's  mind,  he  told  me 

some  others.     Mr.    Gerrish   preach'd    23  yesterday   run    much   on   a   thaw  —  his 

Numb.  10,  Mr.  Rg8  beg.  with  prayer.    Mr.  text   tomorrow    ^  4?>    18.      They    were 

Fitch  beg.  in  yc  aft'n.    Mr.  Blow,  preach'd  afraid  of  a  sudden  thaw,  bee.  of  a  mighty 

2  Ez.  5  ult.  clause.     At  Boston  wr  lodg'd  flood.     Before  Cutler's  door,  so  great  was 

as  prisoners  Mr.  Sheph.  Loring,  Barnard,  ye  bank  that  yy  made  a  handsome  arch 

Holyoke,  Porter,  &c.  in  it  &  sat  in  chairs,  w*  yr  bottles  of  wine, 

"  I  ordered  my  horse  over  ye  ferry  to  &c.    Denison  came  over  yest.  upon  sno 

Bost"    yesterday,  designing  to  try  Rox-  shoes    &     designs     back     tomorrow.      I 

bury  way  —  but  was    so    discorag'd  by  suppose  bee.  of  Conventions  last  week,  yr 

gentlemen  in  town,  especially  by  ye  GoV.  County  was   generally   w'out  preaching. 

w<  whom  I  din'd  y'  I  was  going  to  put  up  I  believe  ye  like  was  never  known  as  to 

my  horse  and   tarry  till  Thursd.  &  as  I  ministers  absence  from  yr  parishes,"  etc. 
was  going  to  do  it  I  met  Cap.  Prentice, 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  289 

church.  Pursuant  to  this  vote,  the  brethren  were  desired  by  the 
moderator  to  write  and  bring  in  their  votes,  which  they  did  ;  and 
upon  the  view,  numbering  and  declaring  the  vote,  Mr.  Henry 
Flint,  Mr.  Jabez  Fitch,,  and  Mr.  Nathaniel  Appleton  were  the 
three  persons  agreed  to  be  nominated,  out  of  which  the  brethren 
should  proceed  to  an  election.  Accordingly  the  moderator  de- 
sired the  brethren  of  the  Church  to  bring  in  their  votes  for  the 
choice  of  a  person  to  settle  in  the  ministry  in  this  place,  viz.  one 
of  three  before  nominated  persons.  Pursuant  hereto  the  church 
brought  in  their  votes  in  writing.  5.  Upon  sorting  and  number- 
ing the  votes,  Mr.  Nathaniel  Appleton  was  by  the  church  elected 
to  the  work  of  the  ministry,  in  order  to  the  taking  upon  him  the 
pastoral  office  as  God  shall  open  the  way  thereunto.  This  was 
by  a  great  majority  ;  the  votes  for  Mr.  Appleton  being  38,  and 
the  votes  for  Mr.  Flynt  but  8.  The  moderator  declared  to  the 
church  their  election  of  Mr.  Appleton  as  aforesaid.  6.  It  was 
proposed  that  those  that  had  not  voted  for  Mr.  Appleton  in  writ- 
ing might  have  the  opportunity  to  manifest  their  satisfaction  with 
the  vote  that  had  passed,  that  the  brethren  would  manifest  that 
they  chose  him  as  aforesaid  by  lifting  up  their  hands,  which  was 
complied  with,  and  it  is  said  that  there  were  but  two  that  had  acted 
in  the  foregoing  votes  that  did  not  hold  up  their  hands."  After 
appointing  a  committee  to  ask  the  concurrence  of  the  town  with 
the  church  in  their  choice,  "  the  moderator  concluded  the  meet- 
ing with  returning  thanks  to  God  for  the  peaceable  and  comfort- 
able management  of  the  affairs  of  the  church.  Laus  Deo."  l  The 
town  concurred,  and  Mr.  Appleton  was  ordained  Oct.  9,  1717. 
Dr.  Increase  Mather  preached  and  gave  the  charge ;  Dr.  Cotton 
Mather  gave  the  right  hand  of  Fellowship ;  and  they,  together 
with  Rev.  Messrs.  John  Rogers,  of  Ipswich,  and  Samuel  Angier, 
of  Watertown,  imposed  hands.  Ministers  and  delegates  of  elev- 
en churches  in  Boston,  Charlestown,  Watertown,  Ipswich,  New- 
ton, Lexington,  and  Medford,  "were  invited,"  says  President 
Leverett,  "  and  were  all  pi'esent  except  Mr.  Gibbs,  who  could 
not  attend  by  reason  of  indisposition.  The  solemnity  was  car- 
ried on  with  as  great  decency  and  good  order  throughout  as  has 
been  ever  remembered  at  any  time  in  any  place.  Laus  Deo." 

The  town,  having  concurred  with  the  church  in  the  invitation 
to  Mr.  Appleton,  voted,  May  27,  1717,  that  the  sum  of  one  hun- 

1  This  election  was  the  more  gratifying  was  gratified  in  a  similar  manner  by  the 
to  President  Leverett,  because  Mr.  Apple-  election  of  his  brother-in-law,  Rev.  Ed- 
ton  was  a  nephew  of  the  President's  wife,  ward  Holyoke,  to  the  Presidency  of  Har- 
Twenty  years  afterwards,  Mr.  Appleton  vard  College. 
19    . 


290  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

dred  pounds,  and  the  stranger's  money,  the  improvement  of  the 
parsonage,  and  all  other  perquisites  which  our  late  Revd.  Pastor 
....  enjoyed,  be  annually  paid  to  and  enjoyed  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Nath.  Appleton,  he  settling  in  the  work  of  the  ministry,  amongst 
us,  during  his  continuance  therein."  The  Parsonage  erected  in 
1670  having  become  dilapidated,  the  town  voted,  Aug.  1,  1718, 
"  that  the  sum  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  be  granted  for 
the  building  a  new  Parsonage-house,  provided  the  sum  of  one 
hundred  and  thirty  pounds  of  the  said  money  be  procured  by  the 
sale  of  town,  propriety,  or  ministry  lands  in  said  town,  as  may  be 
thought  most  proper  to  be  disposed  of  for  said  use."  Accord- 
ingly, the  church  farm  in  Lexington  was  sold,  and  so  much  as 
was  not  appropriated  for  the  Parsonage  was  invested  in  a  per- 
manent fund.  The  records  do  not  distinctly  indicate  whether 
the  Parsonage  was  wholly  or  only  partly  rebuilt.  But  Dr. 
Holmes,  writing  in  1800,  says,  "  All  the  ministers,  since  Mr. 
Mitchell,  have  resided  at  the  Parsonage.  The  front  part  of  the 
present  house,  at  the  Parsonage,  was  built  in  1720."  i  The  whole 
house  was  taken  down  in  1843. 

The  congregation  seems  to  have  soon  increased,  demanding 
additional  room  ;  and  it  was  voted,  Aug.  1,  1718,  "  that  a  new 
upper  gallery  in  our  meeting-house  over  the  women,  agreeable  to 
the  gallery  over  the  men,  be  erected  and  built,  provided  the  cor- 
poration of  Harvard  College  be  at  the  charge  of  the  same  ;  which 
the  Rev.  Mr.  President  Leverett,  on  behalf  of  the  College,  offered 
to  do ;  the  whole  of  the  gallery  on  the  south  side  of  our  meeting- 
house being  then  resigned  for  the  use  of  the  scholars,  excepting 
the  two  wings  of  the  front  seat,  which  are  to  be  improved  by  the 
town  till  such  time  as  the  scholars  have  occasion  for  the  same, 
and  no  longer."  Notwithstanding  this  enlargement  of  the  seat- 
ing capacity  of  the  house,  the  people  on  the  westerly  side  of  Me- 
notomy  River  desired  better  accommodation,  and  as  early  as  May 
10,  1725,  petitioned  the  town  to  consent  that  they  might  become 
a  separate  precinct.  The  town  withheld  its  consent,  on  the 
ground  that  "  near  one  half  of  said  inhabitants  "  had  not  signed 
the  petition.  The  request  was  renewed  in  1728,  but  was  not 
successful  until  four  years  later.  The  General  Court  having  dis- 
missed the  petition  of  James  Cutler  and  others  for  incorporation 
as  a  religious  precinct,  Nov.  3,  1732,  a  new  petition,  slightly 
differing  in  form,  was  presented  soon  afterwards;  which  was 
granted  Dec.  27,  1732,  and  Menotomy  became  a  precinct,  with 

1  Mass.  Hist.  Coll.,  vii.  30. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  291 

substantially  the  same  bounds  which  were  assigned  to  it  when  it 
was  incorporated  as  a  town  in  1807.  This  separation  appears  to 
have  been  entirely  amicable,  and  a  spirit  of  Christian  fellowship 
and  love  is  indicated  by  an  act  of  the  church  mentioned  by  Dr. 
Holmes  in  "  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,"  vii.  33:  "On  the  Lord's  day, 
September  9,  1739,  a  church  was  gathered  in  this  precinct  by  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Hancock  of  Lexington ;  and  on  the  12th  day  of  the 
same  month,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Cooke  was  ordained  its  pastor. 
On  this  occasion,  the  First  Church  in  Cambridge  voted,  that  £25 
be  given  out  of  the  church  stock  to  the  Second  Church  in  Cam- 
bridge, to  furnish  their  communion  table  in  a  decent  manner." 

In  1753  the  First  Parish  resolved  to  erect  a  new  meeting-house, 
and  desired  the  College  to  defray  a  part  of  the  expense ;  where- 
upon the  corporation  voted,  Dec.  3,  1753,  to  pay  "  one  seventh 
part  of  the  charge  of  said  house,"  provided  the  students  should 
have  the  use  of  the  whole  front  gallery,  and  "  at  least  the  third  or 
fourth  pew  as  to  the  choice  "  be  set  apart  for  "  the  President  for 
the  time  being  and  his  family."  The  erection  of  the  house  was 
delayed  about  three  years.  It  "  was  raised  Nov.  17,  1756,  and 
divine  service  was  first  performed  in  it  July  24,  1757."  *  Mean- 
time further  negotiation  was  had  with  the  College,  and  a  prop- 
osition was  made  to  place  the  new  house  farther  from  the  street, 
which  would  "  very  much  secure  it  from  fire  as  well  as  render  the 
appearance  of  it  much  more  beautiful,"  and  also  would  render  it 
"  absolutely  necessary  in  order  to  a  suitable  accommodation  of 
the  Parish  that  they  should  be  allowed  the  use  of  a  part  of  the 
President's  orchard  behind  their  said  new  meeting-house,  where 
when  they  come  to  attend  on  divine  worship  they  might  place 
their  horses,  chairs,  chaises,  &c."  Desiring  "  to  make  the  said 
situation  of  the  new  meeting-house  as  convenient  as  may  be,"  the 
corporation  voted,  Sept.  6, 1756,  to  grant  to  the  Parish  the  use  of 
a  strip  of  land  one  hundred  and  sixteen  feet  and  four  inches  in 
length  by  thirty-two  feet  and  ten  inches  in  width,  on  certain  con- 
ditions ;  viz.,  "  (1.)  That  the  scholars'  gallery  shall  be  in  the 
front  of  the  said  meeting-house,  and  the  fore  part  of  the  said  gal- 
lery seventeen  feet  on  a  perpendicular  line  from  the  said  front, 
and  that  they  shall  enjoy  all  that  space  of  the  said  front  gallery 
contained  within  the  mitre  lines  drawn  from  the  angles  where 
the  foreparts  of  the  side  gallerys  meet  with  the  forepart  of  the 
front  gallery  to  the  corner-posts  of  the  house,  saving  what  shall 
be  cut  off  from  the  said  mitre  lines  by  a  pew  at  each  corner  of 

1  Cdl.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  34. 


292 


HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


said  house  of  about  seven  feet  square.1  (2.)  That  the  said  new 
meeting-house  shall  front  southerly  down  the  street,  in  the  man- 
ner the  old  one  now  doth.  (3.)  That  the  front  of  the  said  new 
meeting-house  be  two  and  an  half  or  three  feet  behind  the  back- 
side of  the  old  meeting-house.  (4.)  That  there  be  a  liberty  for 
the  President  of  the  College  to  cart  into  his  back  yard,  viz.,  at 
the  backside  of  the  said  new  meeting-house,  wood,  hay,  boards, 
&c.,  for  his  own  or  the  College  use,  as  there  shall  be  occasion  for 
it."  These  conditions  were  accepted  by  a  Committee  of  the 
Parish.  The  amount  paid  by  the  College  is  stated  at  <£213  6  8. 
If  this  was  exactly  "  one  seventh  part  of  the  charge,"  the  whole 
cost  of  the  new  house  was  XI, 493  6  8,  and  the  sum  payable  by 
the  Parish  was  Xl,280.2 


1  By  consent  of  the  corporation,  the 
width  of  the  gallery  was  reduced  to  fifteen 
feet  and  seven  inches.  Also  a  portion  of 
"  the  mitral  part "  of  the  gallery  was  re- 
linquished, "provided,  that  the  part  we 
thus  cede  to  the  Parish  shall  not  be  occu- 
pied by  the  negroes."  The  pew  selected 
for  the  President  was  "  that  on  the  left 
hand  entering  in  at  the  front  door,  if  it 
may  be  had,  and  if  not,  then  the  third 
pew  on  the  east  side  of  the  pulpit."  The 
corporation  also  paid  "for  erecting  two 
pews  in  the  scholars'  gallery  in  the  new 
meeting-house  for  the  Tutors  to  sit  in." 

3  A  large  portion  of  this  amount  was 
subscribed  by  individuals,  as  appears  by 
a  MS.  in  the  Library  of  Harvard  College, 
entitled,  "List  of  the  number  of  subscrib- 
ers and  sums  subscribed  for  building  the 
N.  Meeting  house  in  Cambridge." 


Sam1.  Kent, 

£13. 

12.  0 

Nathl  Kidder, 

13. 

12.  0 

Peter  Tufts, 

14. 

2.  0 

Isaac  Watson, 

9. 

6.  8 

Sam1.  Whittemore, 

12. 

0.  0 

Jacob  Watson, 

7. 

0.  0 

John  Wyeth, 

10. 

0.  0 

Peleg  Stearns, 

13. 

6.  8 

John  Warland, 

7. 

6.  8 

Isaac  Bradish, 

8. 

0.  0 

W-'1.  Manning, 

10. 

13.  4 

John  Win  thro  p, 

21. 

11.  7 

Judah  Monis, 

13. 

6.  8 

Ebenr.  Fessenden, 

11. 

6.  8 

RichA  Champney, 

8. 

0.  0 

Eb.  Stedman, 

17. 

8.  0 

Z.  Boardman, 

9. 

6.  8 

Edm.  Trowbridge, 

20. 

0.  0 

Edwd.  Ruggles, 
Sam1.  Danforth, 
Saml.  Sparhawk, 
W.  Brattle, 
Edw.  Manning, 
Edw.  Wigglesw[orth] 
Thos.  Soden, 
Edwd .  Marrett, 
Jn°.  Fessenden, 
Owen  Warland, 
Wm.  How, 
Henry  Flynt, 
John  Hicks, 
Wm.  Angier, 
Jon".  Sprague, 
Moses  Richardson, 
Mr.  Appleton, 
Ebenr.  Bradish, 
Thomas  Kidder, 
Jona.  Hastings, 
Stephen  Prentice, 
James  Read, 
Fr.  Foxcroft, 
Caleb  Prentice, 
Sam1.  Hastings, 
Deacon  Prentice, 
Eb.  Wyeth, 
John  Stratton, 
Seth  Hastings, 
S.  Thatcher, 
Widow  Tufts, 
Am.  Marrett's  heirs, 
And.  Boardman, 
Chr.  Grant, 
Wid.  Sar.  Hastings, 
Richu.  Gardner, 
Stephen  Palmer, 
H.  Vassall, 


26. 

7. 
16. 
10. 
11. 
10. 

7. 

8; 


6.  13.  4 
14.     5.  0 
13.     6.  8 

0.  0 
4.  0 

2.  8 
0.  0 
6.  8 
0.  0 
6.  8 
0.   1 

9.     6.  8 

7.  10.  0 

7.  1.  0 
10.   14.  0 

8.  12.  0 

13.  6.  8 

14.  10.  0 
10.     0.  0 
20.     0.  0 
10.  13.  4 

10.  3.  0 
18.  13.  4 

8.   10.  0 

11.  15.  0 

0.  0 
0.  0 
0.  0 
0.  0 

3.  4 
6.  8 
0.  0 


8. 


8. 
10. 
10. 
13. 

8. 
16.  10.  0 

8.  5.  0 
15.  0.  0 
13.  9.  4 

7.  0.  0 
20.  0.  0 


Jtichardson.  Mary  Tufts. 


JVo.7 

J?.  Gardner 


JVo.8. 

Jlradish. 


£dm.  Jrowbndge. 

OfSiBHfD  FOR 

Wm.Tletcher. 


JVo.W. 

JftctfChampney. 


Seth  Hastings . 


MnFessenden. 


Stephen 
Palmer.Jurf: 


S&noet&nk 


Foxcroft. 


JVo.2. 
PeterTufts. 


JYo.I. 

Fofa.  Trowbrifyt 


PL 


Dea 


JVo.37. 

Q 

Hancock. 

JVo3S. 

SamfWhittemore. 

JVo.39. 

StephenPrentice  . 
fl 

JVo.51. 

JVo.68. 

• 

JVo.40. 

SajnJ  fliatcher 

jRfDana. 

Ww.  Manning. 

JVo.62. 

jfasr. 

JVojl. 

E.Wyeth. 

Peleg  Steams. 

Aaron  Hill. 

JVo33. 

JVo.56. 

JVo.42. 

CalebJfrentice. 

William  How. 



(•}  — 

John  Hicfa 

JYo.43. 

Isaac  Sradish. 

JY0.5+. 

Isaac  Warson. 

JVo.65. 

Jamesffead. 

JVo.15. 

Appleton. 


JVoJ6. 

flolyoke 


JVoW. 

Vassal!. 


JVo/8. 

Phips. 


PLAN  OF  THE  MEETING-HOUSE, 


T.                 JVb.36. 

f~  ~  Widow  Sarah  , 

ffastmqs. 

wt.               7 

JVb.35.               JVo.34.             JVo33. 

Jon*  Hastings.     Colledge.      Nathaniel 
Kidder. 

JYo.32.         JVo.31. 

Samuel      Ebenezer 
Hasting.        Wyeff). 

JVo.30. 

SpTague. 

JSo.67              ^°j68                M.69.              JVo.60. 

Widow                               (,  ) 

JoMDickson.  /^5£^D£N^         Inman.      Mik,  Gill. 

[fbr.  or  £benr] 

JVo.29. 

Caleb  Dans. 

\ 

Jfo.49. 

Thomas  Soden. 

t 

M.28. 

Smuggles. 

JYo.4-8. 

HenryPrentice. 
o 

JVo.5&. 

S.Danforth. 

JVo.63. 

EbenrStedman. 

JVo.47. 

MfMrrj^ffefrs. 

JVo.60. 

J.Morris. 

Jfo.&f. 

Z.Borilman.. 

STo.27. 

Bordman. 

JVo.46. 

OpenWarland. 

Jfo.6/. 

Grant. 

JVo.  66. 

William  Angier. 

JVo.26. 

Wiyc/lesworth. 

A     JVort. 

Ed  w?  Manning  . 

rfo.62. 

E.Marrett. 

JYo.66. 

John  Stratton. 

JVo44. 
Jacob  Watson. 

JV0.25. 

ZbenrStedmaji. 

JVo./3. 

£raWe. 

JVo.20.            JVo.21.             JVo.22. 

Mn^}al        Wnthrop..  Sparhawte. 

JVo.2*. 
JVo.23. 

Josiah 

Mirer.        Morse. 

ERECTED  IN  CAMBRIDGE  1756. 

~7 

ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  293 

The  house  thus  erected  by  the  joint  contributions  of  the  Col- 
lege, the  Parish,  and  individuals,  served  its  purpose  until  1833, 
when  it  was  taken  down,  and  the  land  on  which  it  stood  was 
sold  to  the  corporation  of  Harvard  College.  "  In  this  edifice  all 
the  public  commencements  and  solemn  inaugurations,  during 
more  than  seventy  years,  were  celebrated  ;  and  no  building  in 
Massachusetts  can  compare  with  it  in  the  number  of  distinguished 
men,  who  at  different  times  have  been  assembled  within  its 
walls.  Washington  and  his  brother  patriots  in  arms  there  wor- 
shipped, during  the  investment  of  Boston  by  the  Provincial  army, 
in  1775.  In  1779,  the  delegates  from  the  towns  of  Massachu- 
setts there  met  and  framed  the  Constitution  of  the  Common- 
wealth, which  the  people  of  that  State  ratified  in  1780.  There 
Lafayette,  on  his  triumphal  visit  to  the  United  States,  in  1824, 
was  eloquently  welcomed,  during  the  presidency  of  Dr.  Kirk- 
land."  i 

Long  before  the  "  triumphal  visit "  of  Lafayette,  and  several 
years  before  the  erection  of  this  famous  edifice,  another  distin- 
guished foreigner,  Rev.  George  Whitefield,  visited  America, 
creating  nearly  as  much  excitement  as  Lafayette  himself  ;  with 
this  difference,  however,  that  while  all  united  to  honor  the  one, 
the  other  was  vehemently  applauded  by  some  and  resolutely 
and  sternly  opposed  by  others.  Without  discussing  the  subject 
in  controversy  between  him  and  his  opposers,  it  is  sufficient 
here  to  record  the  historical  fact,  that  the  Pastor  of  the  Cam- 
bridge Church  and  the  Faculty  of  Harvard  College  set  their  faces 
as  a  flint  against  Mr.  Whitefield,  who  had  denounced  the  Col 
lege  and  the  New  England  clergy,  as  teachers  of  an  unsavory 
and  unprofitable  religion,  and  alleged  that  a  large  number  of 
grave  and  learned  divines,  held  in  honor  and  reverence  through- 
out the  vicinity,  were  in  fact  unconverted  and  destitute  of  vital 
piety.  Professor  Wigglesworth  and  others  published  vigorous 
replies  to  Mr.  Whitefield,  who  was  finally  induced  to  retract  01 
essentially  modify  his  accusations  against  the  College.  Mr.  Ap- 
pleton  declined  to  admit  Mr.  Whitefield  into  his  pulpit,  in  accord- 

B.  Hancock,  10.  0.  0  Josh.  Morse,                              6.  13.  6 

Pr.  Holyoke,  20.  0.  0  Aaron  Hill,                               8.     1.  0 

John  Dickson,  13.  6.  8 

Rich.  Dana,  15.  0.  0  L.  M.            836.     2.  0 
Caleb  Dana,  13.  6.  8  =  in  O.  T.      6270.     1.  3 
Mr.  Fletcher,  14.  0.  0  The  sum  total  is  not  precisely  accurate. 
Lt.  Govr.  [Phips]  40.  0.  0  A  copy  of  the  original  Plan  of  this  meet- 
Mr.   Inmaii,  10.  0.  0  ing-house  is  here  reproduced. 

1  Quincy's  Hist.  Harv.  Univ.,  ii.  463. 


294  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

ance  with  the  advice  of  his  brethren,  which  was  published  in 
the  "  Boston  Evening  Post,"  Jan.  7,  1745,  as  follows :  — 

"  Cambridge  Jan.  1, 1744-5.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Association 
of  this  and  the  neighboring  towns,  present,  the  Reverend  Mes- 
sieurs John  Hancock  of  Lexington,  William  Williams  of  Weston, 
John  Cotton  of  Newton,  Nath1.  Appleton  of  Cambridge,  Warham 
Williams  of  Waltham,  Seth  Storer  of  Watertown,  Ebenr.  Turell 
of  Medford,  Nicholas  Bowes  of  Bedford,  Samuel  Cook  of  Cam- 
bridge. The  Rev.  Mr.  Appleton  having  applied  to  his  brethren 
of  said  association  for  our  advice,  relating  to  a  request  which  hath 
been  made  to  him  by  a  number  of  his  church  and  congregation, 
that  he  would  invite  the  Rev.  Mr.  George  Whitefield  to  preach  in 
Cambridge  ;  after  supplications  to  God  and  mature  consideration 
of  the  case  proposed,  and  the  several  pleas  made  in  favor  of  said 
request,  and  the  state  of  the  town,  as  also  the  many  weighty  ob- 
jections which  lie  against  the  said  Mr.  Whitefield,  with  respect 
to  his  principles,  expressions,  and  conduct,  which  are  not  yet 
answered,  nor  has  any  Christian  satisfaction  been  given  by  him 
for  them  ;  considering  also  how  much  the  order,  peace  and  edifi- 
cation of  the  churches  of  this  land  are  endangered,  together  with 
the  unhappy,  divided  state  of  many  of  them ;  —  It  was  unani- 
mously voted,  that  it  is  not  advisable,  under  the  present  situation 
of  things,  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Appleton  should  invite  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Whitefield  to  preach  in  Cambridge.  And  they  accordingly  de- 
clared, each  of  them  for  themselves  respectively,  that  they  would 
not  invite  the  said  gentleman  into  their  pulpits.  JH@°"  The  above 
advice  was  signed  by  each  member  of  the  association. 

"Attest,  JOHN  HANCOCK,  Moderator." 

Another  article  relative  to  the  same  subject  appeared  in  the 
"  Boston  Weekly  News  Letter,"  June  27,  1745  :  "  Whereas  it  is 
reported  in  the  Gazette  or  Journal  of  this  week,  that  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Whitefield  preached  last  Saturday  at  Cambridge,  to  prevent 
misapprehensions  and  some  ill  consequences  which  may  arise 
from  thence,  you  are  desired  to  give  your  readers  notice  that  he 
preached  on  the  Common,  and  not  in  the  Pulpit ;  and  that  he  did 
it,  not  only  without  the  consent,  but  contrary  to  the  mind,  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Appleton  the  minister  of  the  place." 

As  early  as  May,  1747,  a  petition  was  presented  to  the  Gen- 
eral Court  that  the  inhabitants  of  that  part  of  Cambridge  which 
afterwards  became  the  town  of  Brighton  might  be  incorporated 
as  a  separate  religious  precinct.  A  protest  was  presented  by 
other  persons  residing  on  the  same  territory,  and  the  petition 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  295 

was  dismissed.  After  a  like  unsuccessful  attempt  in  April,  1748, 
the  petition  was  renewed  by  a  committee  in  December,  1749,  in 
which  it  is  said,  "  There  is  within  the  bounds  of  the  proposed 

new  parish  on  the  south  side  of  the  river, 2660  acres 

and  81  rods  of  land,  by  the  plan ;  42  dwelling-houses ;  about  50 
families  ;  above  50  persons  in  full  communion  with  the  church ; 
and  this  part  of  the  town's  proportion  to  the  Province  Tax  in 
1748  was  £700.  11s.  8d.,  old  tenor,  and  67  ratable  polls,  about 
290  souls."  It  is  also  said  :  "  We  have  supported  the  gospel 
among  us  some  part  of  the  year  for  fourteen  years,  during  which 
time  we  set  apart  a  house  for  divine  worship  that  had  been  a 
dwelling-house  :  upon  finding  it  too  small  for  the  congregation 
we  erected  a  convenient  house  for  the  worship  of  God,  .... 
and  soon  after  we  had  winter-preaching  in  this  house  we  con- 
cluded to  have  summer-preaching  in  it  also  :  and  we  are  now  in 
the  5  year  that  we  have  had  constant  preaching."  l  This  peti- 
tion, like  those  which  preceded  it,  was  dismissed.  It  was  fol- 
lowed by  another  in  June,  1758,  in  which  it  is  more  definitely 
stated  that  it  was  "  necessary  for  the  inhabitants  on  this  side  the 
river,  about  twenty-seven  years  since,  to  procure  preaching  among 
ourselves  during  the  winter  season,  which  we  for  the  space  of 
fourteen  years  continued  to  support  at  our  sole  expense,  paying 
our  full  proportion  of  the  gospel  in  the  old  town  ;  but  afterwards 
finding  the  house  in  which  we  met  neither  convenient  nor  large 
enough  for  the  purpose,  we  did  about  thirteen  years  since  erect  a 
meeting-house  of  suitable  dimensions  in  the  most  suitable  place 
to  accommodate  the  people  on  this  side  the  river,  and  have  ever 
since  supported  the  public  preaching  of  the  gospel  among  us  at 
our  own  charge  (except  about  ten  or  eleven  pounds  per  annum 
which  has  been  allowed  us  by  the  First  Parish  for  a  few  years 
last  past),"  etc.2  So  strong  was  the  opposition,  however,  that 
this  petition  was  dismissed  ;  and  another  which  was  presented 
Feb.  22,  1774,  met  the  same  fate.  At  last,  nearly  half  a  century 
after  the  commencement  of  regular  religious  services  (for  the 
winter),  and  about  thirty-five  years  after  the  erection  of  a  meet- 
ing-house in  which  public  worship  was  offered  throughout  the 
year,  the  inhabitants  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  were  incor- 
porated by  the  General  Court,  April,  1779,  as  a  separate  precinct 
with  authority  to  settle  a  minister,  and  to  provide  for  his  support 
by  a  parish  tax,  —  "  excepting  Samuel  Sparhawk,  John  Gardner, 
Joanna  Gardner,  and  Moses  Griggs,  and  their  estates,  who  shall 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  xii.  368-371.  2  Mass.  Arch.,  xiv.  73-76. 


296  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

be  exempted  from  all  ministerial  taxes  to  said  precinct,  so  long 
as  they  shall  live  or  reside  within  the  same,  or  until  they  or  either 
of  them  shall  give  their  hands  into  the  Secretary's  Office  of  this 
State,  desiring  that  they  with  their  estates  may  be  considered  as 
part  of  said  precinct."  The  subsequent  proceedings  are  related 
by  Dr.  Holme's  in  "Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,"  vii.,  36,  37:  "In 
1780,  the  church  members  on  the  south  side  of  Charles  River  in 
Cambridge  presented  a  petition  to  the  church,  signifying  their 
desire  to  be  dismissed  and  incorporated  into  a  distinct  church,  for 
enjoying  the  special  ordinances  of  the  gospel  more  conveniently 
by  themselves.  The  church  voted  a  compliance  with  their  peti- 
tion ;  and  they  were  incorporated  on  the  23d  of  February,  1783. 
The  Reverend  John  Foster  was  ordained  to  their  pastoral  charge, 
November  4,  1784." 

Besides  the  incorporation  of  the  second  and  third  precincts,  re- 
sulting in  the  establishment  of  two  more  churches  professing  the 
same  faith  which  had  distinguished  the  parent  church  during  the 
century  and  a  half  of  its  existence,  Dr.  Appleton  witnessed  yet 
another  secession  from  his  congregation,  involving  what  he  must 
have  regarded  as .  a  departure  from  the  faith  and  order  of  the 
churches.  A  subscription  was  commenced  in  1759  for  the  erec- 
tion of  an  edifice,  which  was  opened  Oct.  15,  1761,  for  the  wor- 
ship of  God  according  to  the  forms  prescribed  by  the  Episcopal 
Church.  The  organization  and  history  of  Christ  Church  Parish 
will  be  more  fully  noticed  elsewhere.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  here 
that  it  drew  from  Dr.  Appleton's  parish  several  of  its  richest 
and  most  aristocratic  members.  Socially  and  financially,  he  must 
have  regarded  their  secession  as  a  serious  loss. 

The  ministry  of  this  sixth  pastor  of  the  church  was  long  and 
peaceful,  —  two  thirds  of  a  century  in  length,  but  not  marked 
by  any  very  extraordinary  characteristics.  "  The  written  record 
of  his  labors  as  pastor  comprises  little  more  than  long  lists  of 
persons  received  to  the  church,  of  adults  and  children  who 
were  baptized,  and  of  persons  married.  The  summing  up  is  as 
follows  :  children  baptized,  2,048  ;  adults,  90  ;  admissions  to  the 
fellowship  of  the  church,  784.  All  through  this  long  ministry 
the  pastor  was  busy  in  the  duties  of  his  office,  preaching  the 
word,  striving  for  the  salvation  of  those  under  his  care,  and  for 
the  edifying  of  the  body  of  Christ." 1  Among  the  methods 
adopted  for  the  furtherance  of  this  object,  Dr.  Holmes  says  that 
"  in  1736,  a  committee,  chosen  by  the  church  to  consult  with  the 
1  McKcnzie's  Hist.  Lect.,  p.  147. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  297 

pastor  respecting  measures  to  promote  a  reformation,  proposed 
and  recommended  to  the  church,  as  what  they  '  apprehended  might 
be  serviceable  for  reviving  religion  and  suppressing  growing  dis- 
orders,' that  there  be  a  number  of  wise,  prudent,  and  blameless 
Christians  chosen  among  themselves,  whose  special  care  it  should 
be  to  inspect  and  observe  the  manners  of  professing  Christians,  and 
such  as  were  under  the  care  and  watch  of  the  church.  The  pro- 
posal was  adopted,  and  a  committee  was  appointed,  for  the  pur- 
pose expressed  in  the  recommendation.  This  committee,  which 
was  a  kind  of  privy  council  to  the  minister,  though  without  au- 
thority, appears  to  have  been  very  serviceable  to  the  interests  of 
religion  ;  and  it  was  renewed  annually,  for  the  space  of  about 
fifty  years."  l  It  was  provided  that  this  committee  should  con- 
sist of  "  three  in  the  body  of  the  town,  one  upon  the  common, 
one  in  Charlestown  End,  two  at  Menotomy,  and  two  on  the  south 
side  of  the  River."  The  members  first  elected  were  Samuel 
Danforth,  Esq.,  Andrew  Bordman,  Esq.,  John  Bradish,  Deacon 
Samuel  Bowman,  Benjamin  Goddard,  John  Cutter,  Ephraim 
Frost,  Daniel  Dana,  and  Deacon  Samuel  Sparhawk. 

The  faithful  and  useful  services  of  Dr.  Appleton  were  recog- 
nized by  the  College  in  the  bestowment  of  a  degree,  which,  how- 
ever common  it  may  have  since  become,  had  never  before  been 
conferred  by  that  corporation,  except  upon  Rev.  Increase  Mather 
in  1692,  and  which  was  therefore  a  notable  mark  of  honor.  The 
record  bears  date  July  9,  1771  :  "  The  Rev.  Mr.  Nathanael  Ap- 
pleton having  been  long  an  ornament  to  the  pastoral  character 
and  eminently  distinguished  for  his  knowledge,  wisdom,  and 
sanctity  of  manners  and  usefulness  to  the  churches,  and  having 
for  more  than  fifty  years  exerted  himself  in  promoting  the  in- 
terests of  piety  and  learning  in  this  society,  both  as  a  Minister 
and  as  a  Fellow  of  the  corporation,  therefore,  Voted,  that  the  De- 
gree of  Doctor  in  Divinity  be  conferred  on  the  said  Rev.  Mr. 
Nathanael  Appleton,  and  that  a  Diploma  for  that  purpose  be  pre- 
sented to  him." 

The  longest  human  life  has  an  end.  On  the  verge  of  ninety 
years  Dr.  Appleton  on  account  of  his  "  very  advanced  age  and 
growing  infirmities  "  requested  that  a  colleague  might  aid  him  in 
the  pastoral  office.  Accordingly,  Rev.  Timothy  Hilliard  was 
elected  by  the  church  and  congregation  and  was  duly  installed. 
Dr.  Appleton  survived  this  event  less  than  four  months.  "  His 
public  usefulness,  though  diminished,  for  a  few  of  his  last 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  33,  34. 


298  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

years,  by  the  infirmities  of  age,  did  not  entirely  cease  but  with 
his  life.  He  died  Feb.  9,  1784,  in  the  ninety-first  year  of  his 
age,  and  sixty-seventh  of  his  ministry  ;  and  New  England  can 
furnish  few,  if  any,  instances  of  more  useful  talents,  and  of  more 
exemplary  piety,  united  with  a  ministry  equally  long  and  success- 
ful." 1  A  memorial  tablet  marks  the  resting-place  of  his  body  in 
the  old  burial-ground. 

The  prolonged  pastorate  of  Dr.  Appleton  was  succeeded  by  the 
shortest  which  the  church  experienced,  from  its  organization  in 
1636  to  its  division  in  1829.  Rev.  Timothy  Hilliard,  born  in 
Kensington,  N.  H.,  1746,  H.  C.  1764,  Tutor  1768-1771,  Chap- 
lain at  Castle  William,  1768,  was  ordained  at  Barnstable,  April 
10,  1771.  The  climate  proving  unfavorable  to  his  health  he 
resigned  his  charge  at  Barnstable,  and  was  installed  at  Cam- 
bridge as  colleague  with  Dr.  Appleton,  Oct.  27,  1783.  His 
ministry  here  did  not  continue  quite  seven  years,  yet  it  was  pro- 
ductive of  good  fruits.  His  immediate  successor,  Dr.  Holmes, 
says  of  him  :  "  Placed  by  Providence  in  this  conspicuous  station, 
his  sphere  of  usefulness  became  much  enlarged,  his  labors  being 
now  extended  to  the  University.  For  this  new  sphere  he  was 
peculiarly  qualified.  '  His  pulpit  talents  were  excellent.  He  was 
pleasing  in  his  elocution.  In  prayer  he  was  exceeded  by  few, 
being  ready  in  his  utterance,  pertinent  on  every  occasion,  and 
devotional  in  his  manner.  His  discourses  from  the  desk  were 
never  such  as  could  be  said  to  have  cost  him  nothing,  but  were 
well  studied,  pure  in  the  diction,  replete  with  judicious  senti- 
ments, clearly  and  methodically  arranged,  instructive,  serious, 
practical,  and  truly  evangelical ;  so  that  his  public  services  were 
useful  and  edifying  to  all  ranks  of  men,  both  learned  and  un- 
learned.' He  was  *  ever  viewed  by  the  Governors  of  the  Univer- 
sity as  an  excellent  model  for  the  youth  under  their  care  who 
were  designed  for  the  desk  ;  and  they  considered  his  introduction 
into  this  parish  a  most  happy  event.'  ....  Though  firm  in  the 
maintenance  of  his  own  religious  sentiments,  he  was  '  eminently 
candid,  and  ready  to  embrace  all  good  men.'  In  public  and 

private   life,   he   was   exemplary   for   virtue   and   piety 

'  There  was  no  minister  among  us,'  said  President  Willard,  '  of 
his  standing,  who,  perhaps,  had  a  fairer  prospect  of  becoming 
extensively  useful  to  the  churches  of  Christ  in  this  Common- 
wealth.' ....  In  his  last  illness,  which  was  very  short,  he  was 
supported  by  the  Christian  hope,  which  gave  him  a  religious  su- 
1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  62. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  299 

periority  to  the  fear  of  death He  died  on  the  Lord's-day 

morning,  May  9,  1790,  in  the  forty-fourth  year  of  his  age."  l 
His  "  bereaved,  affectionate  flock,"  erected  a  suitable  monumen- 
tal slab,  in  the  old  burial-place,  over  his  mortal  remains. 

Mr.  Hilliard  was  succeeded  in  the  pastoral  office  by  Rev.  Abiel 
Holmes,  who  was  born  in  Woodstock,  Conn.,  Dec.  24, 1763,  Y.  C. 
1783,  and  was  ordained  pastor  of  a  church  at  Midway,  Georgia, 
Sept.  15,  1785,  which  church  removed  thither  bodily  from  Dor- 
chester, Mass.  He  resigned  his  pastorship  of  this  church  in  June, 
1791,  and  was  installed  pastor  of  the  church  in  Cambridge,  Jan. 
25,  1792.  His  ministry  was  long  and  eventful.  His  parish  was 
much  enlarged  by  the  establishment  and  growth  of  villages  at 
Cambridgeport  and  East  Cambridge,  and  it  was  subsequently 
diminished  by  their  incorporation  as  a  separate  parish,2  and  the 
organization  of  churches  in  both  villages.  A  new  church  was 
organized,  Nov.  6,  1814,  under  the  auspices  of  the  College,  which 
withdrew  many  of  the  officers  and  students  from  his  congrega- 
tion. These  changes  were  effected  peacefully,  and  with  the 
cooperation  of  Dr.  Holmes.  He  preached  at  the  dedication  of 
the  meeting-house  of  the  Cambridgeport  Parish,  and  at  the  or- 
dination of  their  first  minister.  He  also  assisted  in  the  organi- 
zation of  the  College  Church. 

But  another  change  occurred,  which  occasioned  much  grief  and 
sadness,  and  which  he  resisted  earnestly  and  steadfastly  though 
unsuccessfully.  About  the  year  1815,  a  difference  in  opinion, 
which  had  for  several  years  existed  between  the  Trinitarian  and 
Unitarian  Congregationalists,  attained  such  prominence  as  to  dis- 
turb the  relations  between  pastors  of  churches,  and  to  rend  the 
churches  themselves  into  fragments.  Such  was  the  sad  effect 
here.  The  pastor  felt  it  to  be  his  duty  to  bear  testimony  against 
what  he  regarded  as  the  errors  of  Unitarianism,  and  to  prevent 
their  dissemination  from  his  pulpit.  A  majority  of  his  church 
approved  the  measures  which  he  adopted,  and  adhered  to  him 
with  unswerving  fidelity.  A  minority  of  the  church,  with  a 
majority  of  the  parish,  disagreed  with  him  in  opinion,  and  in- 
sisted that,  if  he  could  not  conscientiously  teach  such  doctrines 
as  they  believed  to  be  true,  he  should  at  least  allow  other  clergy- 
men to  do  so  in  his  pulpit.  A  long  and  unhappy  controversy  en- 

1  Coll.    Mass.   Hist,   foe.,   vii.    64-66.  2  The  Cambridgeport  Parish,  which  in- 
The  quotations  by  Dr.  Holmes  are  from  eluded  both  Cambridgeport  and  East  Cam- 
President  Willard's  Sermon  at  the  funeral  bridge, 
of  Mr.  Hilliard. 


300  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

sued,  which  resulted  in  a  division  of  the  church.  For  obvious 
reasons,  the  particular  incidents  of  this  controversy  are  not  here 
repeated.  Each  party  published  its  own  version  of  the  whole 
matter  in  1829 :  one,  in  a  pamphlet  of  58  pages,  entitled, 
"  An  Account  of  the  Controversy  in  the  First  Parish  in  Cam- 
bridge ;  "  the  other,  in  a  pamphlet  of  103  pages,  entitled  "  Con- 
troversy between  the  First  Parish  in  Cambridge  and  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Holmes,  their  late  Pastor."  It  may  suffice  to  record  the  re- 
sult. An  ex-parte  council,  called  by  the  First  Parish,  assem- 
bled May  19,  1829,  and,  after  due  deliberation,  "  Voted,  That 
there  is  plenary  evidence  of  the  facts,  that  Dr.  Holmes  has  ma- 
terially varied  in  his  ministerial  and  Christian  intercourse  from 
that  of  his  two  immediate  predecessors,  and  from  that  of  more 
than  thirty  years  of  his  own  ministry  ;  that  such  change  more 
essentially  affects  the  peace,  comfort,  and  edification  of  the  Par- 
ish, than  any  mere  change  in  speculation,  or  in  points  of  dogmat- 
ical theology  ;  that  this  change  has  been  persisted  in,  contrary  to 
the  repeated  remonstrances  of  a  large  majority  of  the  Parish,  con- 
sisting of  about  three-fourths  of  the  legal  voters,  including  several 
members  of  the  church ;  that  this  course  has  greatly  grieved 
them,  and  so  far  impaired  their  confidence  in  their  pastor,  as  to 
preclude  the  possibility  of  continuing  his  ministerial  relation  to 
them,  either  with  comfort  to  himself,  or  any  prospect  of  advan- 
cing their  religious  interests.  Voted,  That  the  First  Parish  in 
Cambridge  have  sufficient  cause  to  terminate  the  contract  sub- 
sisting between  them  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes,  as  their  minister, 
and  this  Council  recommend  the  measure,  as  necessary  to  the  ex- 
istence and  spiritual  prosperity  of  the  society.  This  Council 
wish  it  to  be  distinctly  understood,"  it  is  added,  "  that  the  ser- 
vice, to  which  we  have  in  Providence  been  called,  is  one  of  the 
most  painful  services  of  our  life.  We  do  not  arraign  or  condemn 
the  motives  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes.  We  are  happy  to  testify 
that  all  our  impressions  of  his  course,  during  the  peaceful  state 
of  his  society,  are  associated  with  the  most  interesting  and  hon- 
orable views  of  his  ministerial  character  and  the  Christian 
spirit."  l  In  accordance  with  this  "  Result,"  the  Parish  notified 
Dr.  Holmes,  June  11,  1829,  that  his  "  services  will  not  be  re- 
quired or  authorized  in  the  public  religious  services  in  the  meet- 
ing-house in  said  Parish  hereafter." 2  And,  as  Dr.  Holmes  ex- 
pressed the  opinion  that  he  was  still  the  legal  minister  of  the 
Parish,  and  professed  a  willingness  to  perform  all  his  pastoral 

1  Controversy,  etc.,  pp.  87,  88.  2  Ibid.,  p.  97. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  301 

and  ministerial  duties,  as  heretofore,  the  Parish  committee,  on 
the  succeeding  day,  closed  the  correspondence  thus :  "  You  do 
not  owe  any  such  duties  as  aforesaid  to  said  Parish,  and  that  said 
Parish  refuses  to  accept  from  you  any  service,  or  services,  as  such 
minister,  or  pastor,  thereof.  Hereafter  you  cannot  occupy  nor 
use  the  pulpit  of  the  meeting-house  of  said  Parish,  as  it  will  be 
exclusively  appropriated  to  such  preacher,  or  preachers,  as  said 
Parish  shall  employ  to  supply  it."  1  On  the  next  Sabbath,  Dr. 
Holmes  and  those  who  adhered  to  him  held  religious  services  in 
the  old  Court  House.  They  also  called  an  ex-parte  council, 
which  assembled  June  17,  1829,  and,  after  a  full  examination  of 
the  case,  agreed  in  this  result :  "  In  view  of  all  the  facts  and 
evidence  presented  to  this  council,  they  are  unanimously  of  the 
opinion,  that  the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes  has  not  in  any  way  forfeited 
his  office  as  pastor  of  the  first  church  and  parish  in  Cambridge  ; 
and  that  he  is  still,  according  to  ecclesiastical  usage,  the  pastor 
and  minister  of  said  church  and  parish."  2  As  before  stated,  a 
majority  of  the  church  adhered  to  Dr.  Holmes,  and  acknowl- 
edged him  as  their  pastor  ;  but  the  majority  of  the  parish  would 
never  thereafter  acknowledge  such  relationship,  and  the  breach 
between  the  two  has  never  been  healed. 

The  minority  of  the  parish  organized  a  new  society,  and 
adopted  the  name  of  the  "  Shepard  Congregational  Society,"  with 
which  the  majority  of  the  church,  claiming  to  be  the  First  Church, 
united  to  maintain  public  worship  and  the  ordinances  of  the 
gospel.  Dr.  Holmes  soon  asked  for  a  colleague,  and  his  request 
was  granted.  Rev.  Nehemiah  Adams,  Jr.,  was  ordained  Dec.  17, 
1829.  On  account  of  physical  debility,  Dr.  Holmes  requested 
a  dismission,  which  was  granted  by  the  church,  and  confirmed  by 
a  council.  He  preached  his  farewell  sermon  Oct.  2,  1831.  He 
continued  to  preach  occasionally  until  near  the  close  of  his  life. 
He  died,  of  paralysis,  June  4,  1837,  in  the  74th  year  of  his  age. 
It  is  worthy  of  notice,  that  even  during  the  unhappy  controversy 
in  the  parish,  no  "  railing  accusation"  is  known  to  have  been 
heard  against  the  moral  and  Christian  character  of  Dr.  Holmes  ; 
even  the  council,  which  determined  that  he  had  forfeited  his 
ministry  by  a  steadfast  persistence  in  what  he  regarded  as  his 
duty  contrary  to  the  desires  of  others  whose  opinions  differed 
from  his  own,  bear  a  frank  and  manly  testimony  to  his  worth  and 
sincerity  as  a  Christian.  His  present  successor  in  the  ministry 
has  thus  described  his  labors  and  his  character :  "  The  minis- 

1  Controversy,  etc.,  p.  98.  2  Account  of  the   Controversy,  etc.,  p.  55. 


302  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

try  of  Dr.  Holmes  here  was  but  a  few  months  short  of  forty 
years.  With  a  single  exception,  it  was  the  longest  which  the 
church  has  known.  For  neai'ly  the  whole  of  the  time  he  was  the 
only  pastor  in  this  part  of  the  town,  and  he  stood  at  the  centre  of 
a  large  parish,  making  his  influence  felt  in  every  direction.  He 
preached  the  word  with  fidelity  and  diligence.  He  fulfilled  the 
various  offices  of  our  holy  religion.  He  instructed  the  'children, 
and  gave  them  books.  He  formed  libraries  for  the  use  of  the 
parish.  He  watched  over  the  schools.  He  gave  of  his  substance 
to  the  poor.  He  brought  into  the  parish  the  aid  of  others  whom 
he  esteemed  able  to  edify  the  people.  He  zealously  followed 

every  good  work Dr.  Holmes  left,  a  large  number  of 

printed  works,  consisting  chiefly  of  sermons  preached  on  various 

occasions He  published  a  small  '  History  of  Cambridge,' 1 

which  is  invaluable  to  any  one  interested  in  the  ancient  town. 
His  largest  work  was  '  The  Annals  of  America  from  the  Discov- 
ery by  Columbus  in  the  year  1492  to  the  year  1826 He 

was  connected  with  a  number  of  societies.  From  1798  he  was  a 
most  devoted  friend  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  and 
for  more  than  twenty  years  its  corresponding  secretary.  He  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Society  for  promoting  Christian 
Knowledge,  and  of  the  American  Education  Society.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  one  of 
the  Trustees  of  the  Institution  at  Andover,  and  an  Overseer  of 
Harvard  University.  His  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  was  re- 
ceived from  the  University  of  Edinburgh  about  1805,  and  he  was 
made  Doctor  of  Laws  by  Alleghany  College,  in  1822."  2 

Dr.  Holmes  was  the  last  pastor  of  the  whole  church.  Each 
of  the  two  branches,  into  which  it  was  divided  in  1829,  as- 
serts its  claim  to  be  "  The  First  Church  in  Cambridge."  With- 
out reference  to  the  validity  of  their  respective  claims,  in  a  brief 
sketch  of  their  history  after  the  division,  it  seems  most  natural 
and  proper  to  speak  first  of  that  branch  which  adhered  to  Dr. 
Holmes,  and  with  which  he  remained  connected  during  the  resi- 
due of  his  life. 

Rev.  Nehemiah  Adams,  H.  C.  1836,  D.  D.  Amherst,  1847, 
was  ordained  Dec.  17,  1829,  as  colleague  pastor.  During  his 
ministry  there  were  "  large  additions  to  the  church  upon  confes- 
sion of  faith.  The  loss  of  members  was  soon  more  than  made 
good."  3  Religious  services  were  held  in  the  old  Court  House, 

1  In  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  1-67.  8  Ibid.,  pp.  222,  223. 

2  McKenzie'a  Hist.  Led.,  pp.  210-213. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  303 

until  a  new  edifice,  erected  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  was  completed  ;  the  corner  stone  was 
laid  Sept.  21,  1830,  and  the  house  was  dedicated  Feb.  23,  1831. 
The  pastorate  of  Mr.  Adams  was  short.  He  accepted  an  invita- 
tion to  become  pastor  of  the  Essex  Street  Church  in  Boston,  and 
his  connection  with  the  church  here  was  dissolved  by  an  ecclesi- 
astical council,  March  14,  1834. 

Mr.  Adams  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  John  Adams  Albro,  who 
was  born  at  Newport,  R.  I.,  Aug.  13,  1799  ;  studied  law  at 
Litchfield,  Conn.,  and,  after  practising  that  profession  about  two 
years,  entered  the  Theological  Seminary  at  Andover,  from  which 
he  graduated  in  1827.  He  received  from  Yale  College,  the  same 
year,  the  honorary  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  ;  and  also  received 
the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  from  Bowdoin  College,  in  1848, 
and  from  Harvard  College  in  1851.  He  was  ordained  in  Chelms- 
ford  in  1827,  installed  in  Fitchburg,  May  9,  1832,  and  again  in- 
stalled here  on  the  13th  of  April,  1835.  After  a  faithful  service 
of  thirty  years,  Dr.  Albro  requested  a  release  from  pastoral  duty, 
which  was  granted,  and  which  took  effect  April  15,  1865.  He 
continued  to  reside  here,  preaching  occasionally  in  the  neighbor- 
hood, until  he  departed  this  life,  after  a  very  short  sickness,  Dec. 
20,  1866.  His  ministry  was  successful,  and  his  memory  is  cher- 
ished by  those  among  whom  he  labored  so  long  and  so  dili- 
gently. 

The  successor  of  Dr.  Albro  was  Rev.  Alexander  McKenzie, 
who  was  born  at  New  Bedford,  Dec.  14,  1830,  H.  C.  1859,  and 
ordained  at  Augusta,  Me.,  Aug.  28, 1861.  He  was  installed  here, 
Jan.  24,  1867,  and  thus  far  his  labors  have  been  rewarded  by 
large  accessions  to  the  church,  and  by  general  peace  and  pros- 
perity. A  new  and  much  more  spacious  meeting-house  has  been 
erected,  during  his  ministry,  at  the  northwesterly  corner  of 
Garden  and  Mason  streets  ;  the  corner-stone  was  laid  April  29, 
1871,  and  the  house  was  dedicated  May  22,  1872.  The  old 
meeting-house,  which  had  been  in  use  for  more  than  forty  years, 
was  sold,  and,  having  been  re-consecrated,  is  now  a  Catholic 
church. 

The  other  branch  of  the  original  church,  which  retained  its 
connection  with  a  majority  of  the  First  Parish,  held  a  meeting  on 
the  12th  of  July,  1829,  and,  in  consideration  of  the  fact  that  the 
two  Deacons,  William  Hilliard  and  James  Munroe,  had  neglected 
to  meet  with  the  church  in  the  meeting-house,  but  adhered  to  Dr. 
Holmes,  and  had  acted  as  deacons  at  his  administration  of  the 


304  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Lord's  supper  to  the  majority  of  the  church  in  the  Court  House, 
'•  Voted,  as  said  William  Hilliard  and  James  Munroe  have  separ- 
ated themselves,  as  above  stated,  from  said  church,  and  abdicated 
or  abandoned  their  offices  as  deacons  therein,  and  left  said  church 
destitute  of  a  deacon,  that  said  Hilliard  and  Munroe  severally  be 
removed  and  dismissed  from  his  office  of  deacon  of  said  church, 
if  the  above  stated  facts  do  not  amount,  in  law,  to  a  legal  abdica- 
tion or  abandonment  of  said  office  of  deacon  ;  and  that  the  office 
of  deacon  in  said  church  is  now  vacant,  and  that  it  is  expedient 
and  necessary  now  to  elect  a  deacon  or  deacons  thereof.  Voted, 
To  elect  by  ballot.  Voted,  That  Abel  Whitney  be  a  deacon  of 
said  church.  Voted,  That  Sylvanus  Plympton  be  the  Clerk  or 
Scribe  of  said  Church."  1  Being  thus  reorganized,  the  church 
united  with  the  parish  in  the  settlement  of  a  pastor.  Rev.  Wil- 
liam Newell,  born  at  Littleton,  Feb.  25, 1804,  H.  C.  1824,  D.  D. 
1853,  accepted  a  call,  and  was  ordained  May  19,  1830.  After  a 
long  and  peaceful  ministry,  he  resigned  his  pastoral  office  March, 
1868.  He  still  dwells  among  his  people,  universally  respected 
and  beloved,  having,  for  several  years  after  his  resignation,  per- 
formed most  of  the  duties  of  a  pastor  (preaching  excepted)  as  a 
labor  of  love.  The  First  Parish  erected  a  new  meeting-house  on 
the  westerly  side  of  Harvard  Square,  between  the  ancient  burial- 
place  and  Church  Street,  which  was  dedicated  Dec.  12,  1833. 
The  College  contributed  a  portion  of  the  expense,  and  became 
entitled  to  certain  rights  in  the  new  house,  equivalent  to  its  in- 
terest in  the  house  erected  in  1756,  which  was  now  removed,  and 
the  land  on  which  it  stood  was  sold  to  the  College.  For  the  space 
of  forty  years,  up  to  1873,  the  annual  Commencements  of  Har- 
vard College  were  celebrated  in  this  new  house,  which  is  still 
standing ;  and  it  is  perhaps  not  extravagant  to  apply  to  it  the 
language  used  by  President  Quincy  concerning  the  former  house  ; 
namely,  that  no  existing  "  building  in  Massachusetts  can  compare 
with  it  in  the  number  of  distinguished  men  who  at  different  times 
have  been  assembled  within  its  walls."  After  the  resignation  of 
Dr.  Newell,  the  church  remained  destitute  of  a  regular  pastor 
until  March  31,  1874,  when  Rev.  Francis  Greenwood  Peabody 
was  ordained  and  duly  installed  as  shepherd  of  the  flock.  Mr. 
Peabody  was  born  in  Boston,  graduated  at  H.  C.  1869,  and  at 
the  Theological  School  in  Cambridge,  1872. 

From  the  beginning,  the  First  Church  in  Cambridge  has  had  a 
regular  succession  of  Deacons ;  and  for  the  first  two  thirds  of  a 
1  Controversy,  etc.,  p.  100. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 


305 


century,  it  had  also  Ruling  Elders.  Until  1696,  the  Church  Rec- 
ords are  imperfect,  so  that  the  dates  of  early  elections  cannot 
be  ascertained.  The  dates  of  death  are  obtained  from  other 


sources. 


RULING  ELDERS. 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Richard  Champney 

_               

Nov.  26,  1669 

Edmund  Frost  .     .     . 

-               - 

July  12,  1672 

John  Stone   .... 

Nov.  15,1682 

May  5,  1683 

64 

Jonas  Clark  .... 

Nov.  15,  1682 

Jan.  14,  Ifflfc 

80 

DEACONS. 

Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Thomas  Marrett     . 

Before  1658 

June  30,  1664 

75 

John  Bridge 

Before  1658 

1665 

Nath1.  Sparhawk    .     . 

Before  1658 

June  28,  1647 

Edward  Collins      .     . 

Before  1658 

April  9,  1689 

86 

Gregory  Stone  .     .     . 

Before  1658 

Nov.  30,  1672 

82 

Thomas  Chesholm  . 

After  1658 

Aug.  18,  1671 

John  Cooper      .     . 

After  1658 

Aug.  22,  1691 

73 

Walter  Hastings     .     . 

After  1  658 

Aug.  5,  1705 

74 

Nath1.  Sparhawk    .     . 

After  1658 

1686-7 

Samuel  Cooper  .     .     . 

March  22,  1705 

Jan.  8,  1717-8 

64 

Math1.  Hancock      .     . 

June  7,  1705 

April  12,  1719 

80 

Samuel  Kidder  .     .     . 

Jan.  22,  1718 

July  4,  1724 

58 

Joseph  Coolidge     .     . 

Jan.  22,  1718 

Dec.  17,  1737 

71 

Nath1.  Sparhawk    .     . 

Aug.  5,  1724 

Nov.  8,  1734 

67 

Samuel  Bowman    . 

Aug.  5,  1724 

1746 

67 

Samuel  Sparhawk  .     . 

April  12,  1734 

April  4,  1774 

75 

John  Bradish     .     . 

May  5,  1738 

July  17,  1741 

60 

Sam1.  Whittemore  .     . 

Nov.  24,  1741 

1784 

90 

Henry  Prentice  *    . 

Nov.  24,  1741 

Oct.  18,  1778 

84 

Aaron  Hill    .... 

July  14,  1774 

Oct.  16,  1792 

62 

Stephen  Sewall  .     .     . 

May  18,  1777 

July  23,  1804 

71 

Gideon  Frost     .     .     . 

June  30,  1783 

June  30,  1803 

79 

James  Munroe  .     .     . 

June  30,  1783 

Sept.  14,  1804 

69 

John  Walton 

Nov.  19,  1792 

Nov.  23,  1823 

81 

William  Hilliard    .     . 

April  5,  1804 

April  27,  1836 

57 

Josiah  Moore    . 

Jan.  4,  1805 

May  1,  1814 

67 

James  Munroe  .     .     . 

Aug.  2,  1818 

May  31,  1848 

73 

Resigned  July  14,  1774. 


20 


306 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


At  the  division  of  the  church  in  1829,  the  two  surviving  Dea- 
cons, with  a  majority  of  the  members,  adhered  to  Dr.  Holmes. 
Subsequently  other  Deacons  were  installed  into  office,  as  fol- 
lows :  — 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Stephen  T.  Farwell    . 
Charles  W.  Homer     . 

April  30,  1837 
Jan.  4,  1849 

Oct.  20,  1872 
Feb.  15,  1873 

67 
71 

Charles  T.  Russell  l    . 
George  S.  Saunders    . 
Francis  Flint    .     .     . 

July  2,  1869 
July  2,  1869 
Feb.  27,  1874 

Charles  W.  Munroe  2  . 

Feb.  27,  1874 

James  M.  W.  Hall      . 

Jan.  27,  1875 

i 

Aaron  H.  Safford  .     . 

Jan.  27,  1875 

The  Deacons  elected  by  the  other  branch  of  the  church  were 
as  follows :  — 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Abel  Whitney  .     .     . 
Sidney  Willard      .     . 
Charles  R.  Metcalf     . 
Augustus  A.  Whitney 

July  12,  1829 
Dec.  15,  1833 
May  1,  1853 
May  1,  1853 

Feb.  22,  1853 
Dec.  6,  1856 

70 
76 

Eesigned  Sept.  15,1871. 


2  Kesigned  Jan.  27,  1875. 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 

CHRIST  CHURCH.  —  A  comprehensive  and  interesting  "  His- 
torical Notice  of  Christ  Church,"  is  appended  to  a  sermon  by 
Rev.  Nicholas  Hoppin,  D.  D.,  on  the  reopening  of  the  church, 
Nov.  22,  1857.  This  church  was  originally  established  as  a 
missionary  station  by  the  "  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,"  under  the  charge  of  Rev.  East  Ap- 
thorp,  who  was  born  in  Boston,  1733,  and  educated  at  Cam- 
bridge, England.  "  The  original  subscription  for  building  the 
church  is  dated  at  Boston,  April  25,  1759,  The  petition  to  the 
society  was  signed  by  Henry  Vassal,  Joseph  Lee,  John  Vassal, 
Ralph  Inman,  Thomas  Oliver,  David  Phips,  Robert  Temple, 
James  Apthorp.  At  a  meeting  held  at  Boston,  September  29, 
1759,  the  six  first  named  gentlemen,  with  the  Rev.  East  Apthorp, 
were  chosen  as  the  building  committee  ;  Ralph  Inman,  Esq.,  was 
appointed  Treasurer."  1  These  "  six  first  named  gentlemen  "  re- 
sided in  Cambridge,  and  were  among  the  richest  citizens,  "  each 
of  whose  income  was  judged  to  be  adequate  to  the  maintenance 
of  a  domestic  chaplain."  2  The  church  edifice,  which  is  still  pre- 
served in  good  condition,  was  erected  on  the  southerly  side  of  the 
common,  between  the  old  burial  ground  and  Appian  Way.  "  A 
piece  of  land,  one  hundred  feet  square,  was  bought  of  Mr.  James 
Reed,  for  £16.  2«.  1^.,  lawful  money."  .  .  .  .  "  This  with  the 
same  quantity  bought  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  common  a.nd 
undivided  lands  of  the  Town  of  Cambridge  and  taken  in  from 
the  Common,  formed  the  church  lot.  The  price  paid  to  the  Pro- 
prietors was  .£13.  6s.  8d.  lawful  money,  the  church  also  paying 
for  the  removal  of  the  Pound.  The  line  of  the  Common,  which 
was  originally  curved,  was  thus  straightened,  the  burying  ground 
being  also  extended  up  to  the  church  line."  3  At  the  meeting, 
Sept.  29, 1759,  when  the  size  and  general  plan  of  the  edifice  were 

1  Hist.  Notice,  etc.,  p.  21.  8  Hist.  Notice,  p.  22. 

8  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  34. 


308  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

determined,  it  was  voted,  "  That  the  expense  of  executing  the 
whole  building  is  not  to  exceed  X500  sterling."  l  But  although 
"  the  dimensions  of  the  building  proposed  by  the  committee  were 
adopted  by  the  architect  without  change,  the  whole  cost  of  the 
church,  not  including  the  land,  was  about  ,£1300  sterling."  2 
"  The  church  was  opened  for  the  performance  of  divine  service, 
Oct.  15,  1761."  Rev.  Mr.  Apthorp  again  visited  England  in 
1765,  where  he  received  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity,  and 
became  successively  Vicar  of  Croydon,  Rector  of  St.  Mary-le- 
Bow,  London,  and  a  Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  He 
died  April  16,  1816,  aged  83  years. 

The  next  Rector  of  Christ  Church  was  Rev.  Winwood  Sar- 
jeant,  supposed  to  be  a  native  of  England,  who  was  ordained 
Priest  by  Bishop  Pearce,  Dec.  19,  1756.  He  commenced  his 
rectorship  as  a  missionary  in  June,  1767,  and  continued  to  per- 
form the  duties  of  his  office,  until  the  commencement  of  the 
Revolutionary  War,  when  he  retired  to  Kingston,  N.  H.,  and 
afterwards  to  Newbury.  In  1777  he  had  an  attack  of  paralysis, 
and  in  1778  went  to  England.  He  died  at  Bath,  Sept.  20,  1780. 
"  The  congregation  had  almost  entirely  dispersed  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  war.  Perhaps  no  church  in  the  country  was  more 
completely  broken  up.  Of  all  the  persons  who  took  part  in  its 
concerns,  including  the  sixty-eight  original  subscribers  for  the 
building  (several  of  whom,  however,  were  of  Boston),  and  twenty 
original  purchasers  of  pews,  not  a  name  appears  on  the  records 
after  the  Revolution  but  those  of  John  Pigeon,  Esq.,  and  Judge 
Joseph  Lee.  The  former  espoused  the  patriotic  side  ;  the  latter 
was  a  loyalist,  but  being  a  quiet  man  and  moderate  in  his  opin- 
ions, remained  unmolested."  3  Divine  service  is  said  to  have 
been  had  in  the  church  a  few  times  while  the  army  remained  in 
Cambridge.  It  was  also  occupied  and  much  damaged  by  the 
soldiers,  who  were  destitute  of  proper  barracks.  It  "  was  left 
for  many  years  in  a  melancholy  and  desecrated  condition,  the 
doors  shattered  and  all  the  windows  broken  out,  exposed  to  rain 
and  storms  and  every  sort  of  depredation,  its  beauty  gone,  its 

1  Hist.  Notice,  p.  21.  Lands,  May  9,   1760;   they  appointed  a 

2  Ibid.,  p.  23.     Possibly  this  enormous  committee,   Nov.  20,  1769,  to  commence 
excess  over  the  estimated  cost  of  the  edi-  a  suit  against  the  grantees ;  the  purchase- 
fice  occasioned   some   disaffection  which  money  was  paid  by  Major  John  Vassall, 
resulted  in  what  seems  to  be  an  unaccount-  Jan.  6,  1670,  but  no  interest  was  allowed, 
able  delay  of  payment  for  the   land   on  though  payment  had  been  delayed  nearly 
which  it  was  erected.      The    land   was  ten  years. 

granted  by  the   Proprietors  of  Common        8  Hist.  Notice,  p.  46. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  309 

sanctuary  defiled,  the  wind  howling  through  its  deserted  aisles 
and  about  its  stained  and  decaying  walls  ;  the  whole  building 
being  a  disgrace  instead  of  an  ornament  to  the  town.  No  effort 
appears  to  have  been  made  for  the  renewal  of  divine  worship  till 
the  beginning  of  the  year  1790."  1  The  edifice  was  then  re- 
paired, and  an  effort  was  made  for  the  regular  administration  of 
religious  services.  Rev.  Joseph  Warren,  Rev.  William  Mon- 
tague, and  others,  officiated  for  short  periods,  but  for  nearly  forty 
years  the  church  was  generally  supplied  with  lay  Readers,  among 
whom  were  Theodore  Dehon,  afterwards  Bishop  of  South  Car- 
olina, and  Jonathan-Mayhew  Wainwright,2  afterwards  Bishop  of 
New  York.  The  church  was  thoroughly  repaired  in  1825,  and 
was  again  "  opened  for  service  July  30th,  1826,  when  the  Rev. 
G^orge  Otis,  M.  A.,  then  tutor  in  the  University,  preached  a 
sermon,  afterwards  printed."  3  Mr.  Otis  was  chosen  Rector,  but 
declined  the  office,  as  it  was  supposed  to  be  inconsistent  with  his 
official  engagements  to  the  College ;  he  "  however  continued  to 
officiate  for  the  church,  and  was  virtually  its  minister,  till  his  la- 
mented and  untimely  death,  at  the  age  of  thirty-two,  February 
25th,  1828."  4  Rev.  Thomas  W.  Coit,  D.  D.,  was  Rector  from 
Easter,  1829,  to  Easter,  1835;  Rev.  M.  A.  D'W.  Howe,  D.  D., 
for  a  few  months  in  1836  and  1837 ;  and  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Vail 
from,  the  spring  of  1837  to  Easter,  1839. 

Rev.  Nicholas  Hoppin,  a  native  of  Providence,  R.  I.,  and  a 
graduate  of  Brown  University,  1831,  commenced  his  labors  as 
Rector  in  November,  1839,  and  ministered  to  the  church  longer 
than  all  his  predecessors  in  that  office.  During  his  rectorship 
the  congregation  so  increased  that  it  became  necessary  to  enlarge 
the  church  edifice,  and  twenty-three  feet  were  added  to  its  length 
in  1857.  A  subscription  had  been  commenced,  in  1855,  to  pro- 
cure a  chime  of  bells  for  the  church  ;  the  design  was  now  pros- 
ecuted more  vigorously  and  with  such  success  that  thirteen  bells, 
at  a  cost  of  about  five  thousand  dollars,  were  placed  in  the  belfry 
of  the  church,  and  were  first  chimed  on  Easter  morning,  April  8, 
1860.  After  a  faithful  and  successful  ministry  for  more  than 
thirty-four  years,  Dr.  Hoppin  resigned  the  rectorship  April  20, 
1874.  His  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  was  conferred  by  Trinity 
College  in  1859. 

1  Hist.  Notice,  p.  53.  sary  of  Rev.  Mr.  Apthorp  and  of  Epis- 

2  Grandson  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Mayhew    copacy  generally. 

of   Boston,  who,  a  half  century  earlier,        8  Hist.  Notice,  p.  61. 
was  a  most  zealous  and  formidable  adver-        *  Ibid.,  p.  62. 


310 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


The  present  Rector,  Rev.  William-Chauncy  Langdon,  entered 
upon  the  discharge  of  his  duties  Jan.  2,  1876. 

The  Wardens  of  Christ  Church  have  been  as  follows  :  — 


1762, 

1763, 

1764-1765, 

1766, 

1767-1770, 

1771, 

1772, 

1773, 

1774, 

1791-1795, 

1796, 

1797-1799, 

1800, 

1801, 

1802-1803, 

1804-1809, 

1810-1813, 

1814-1815, 

1816-1819, 

1820, 

1821-1825, 

1826-1828, 

1829-1832, 

1833-1835, 

1836-1840, 

1841, 

1842, 

1843, 

1844, 

1845-1846, 

1847-1851, 

1852, 

1853-1859, 

1860, 

1861, 

1862-1863, 

1864, 

1865-1871, 

1872, 

1873-1874, 

1875-1876, 


David  Phips, 
John  Vassal], 
Robert  Temple, 
David  Phips, 
Thomas  Oliver, 
John  Vassall, 
Ezekiel  Lewis, 
Joseph  Lee, 
David  Phips, 
Jonathan  Simpson, 
John  T.  Apthorp, 
Leonard  Jarvis, 
Samuel  W.  Pomeroy, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Richard  Richardson, 
William  Winthrop, 
William  Winthrop, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Abraham  Biglow, 
Joseph  Foster, 
Joseph  Foster, 
Samuel  P.  P.  Fay, 
Charles  C.  Foster, 
James  Greenleaf, 
Isaac  Lum, 
C.  Gayton  Pickman, 
C.  Gayton  Pickman, 
William  C.  Bond, 
George  P.  Bond, 
George  P.  Bond, 
Herbert  H,  Stimpson, 
Luther  Crane, 
Herbert  H.  Stimpson, 
Abraham  Edwards, 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr., 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr., 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr., 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr., 


John  Vassall. 
Robert  Temple. 
Richard  Lechmere. 
Thomas  Oliver. 
John  Vassall. 
Ezekiel  Lewis. 
John  Fenton. 
Jonathan  Sewall. 
John  Pigeon. 
Nathaniel  Bethune. 
Andrew  Craigie. 
Samuel  W.  Pomeroy. 
Abraham  Biglow. 
Richard  Richardson. 
Jonathan  Bird. 
Ebenezer  Stedman. 
Abraham  Biglow. 
Samuel  P.  P.  Fay. 
William  D.  Peck. 
J.  F.  Dana. 
Jonathan  Hearsey. 
Samuel  P.  P.  Fay. 
Abraham  Biglow. 
Samuel  P.  P.  Fay. 
Isaac  Lum. 
James  Greenleaf. 
Isaac  Lum. 
Luther  Foote. 
Charles  Chase. 
William  E.  Carter. 
William  E.  Carter. 
John  M.  Batchelder. 
Charles  F.  Foster. 
Luther  Crane. 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr. 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr. 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Jr. 
J.  Gardner  White. 
Jos.  Fay  Greenough. 
Wm.  A.  Herrick. 
J.  Gardner  White. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  311 

CAMBRIDGEPORT  PARISH.  —  A  brief  account  has  already  been 
given  (chapter  xii.)  of  the  establishment  of  the  "  Cambridgeport 
Meeting-house  Corporation,"  in  1805,  and  of  the  "  Cambridge- 
port  Parish,"  in  1808 ;  also  of  the  erection,  dedication,  and  de- 
struction, of  their  brick  meeting-house  on  Columbia  Street,  and 
the  erection  of  the  present  meeting-house  on  Austin  Street. 
The  church  connected  with  this  parish  was  not  organized  until 
July  14,  1809.  Its  first  pastor  was  Rev.  Thomas  Brattle  Gan- 
nett, born  in  Cambridge,  Feb.  20, 1789,  H.  C.  1809,  and  ordained 
Jan.  19,  1814.  During  his  pastorate  occurred  that  theological 
contest  which  rent  the  parish  and  church  of  Dr.  Holmes  asunder. 
The  great  majority  of  the  Cambridgeport  Parish,  together  with 
their  pastor,  adhered  to  what  was  styled  the  liberal  party,  and 
were  thenceforth  known  as  Unitarians.  Mr.  Gannett,  however, 
did  not  take  an  active  part  in  the  contest,  but  devoted  himself 
entirely  to  the  inculcation  of  those  moral  duties  and  Christian 
graces  which  become  the  true  disciples  of  Christ.  Indeed,  he  is 
reported  to  have  expressed  the  highest  satisfaction,  in  his  mature 
years,  that  he  had  never  preached  a  doctrinal  sermon.  Early  in 
1833  he  closed  his  labors  with  a  flock  which  had  abundant  cause 
to  regard  him  with  profound  respect  and  love.  "  A  good  man, 
—  one  like  Nathaniel  of  old,  without  guile,  —  according  to  the 
gift  that  was  in  him,  had  gone  in  and  out  before  the  people,  pure 
and  godly  in  his  conversation,  charitable  in  his  words  and  feel- 
ings as  in  his  deeds,  keeping  peace  with  all  men." 1  He  re- 
mained in  Cambridge  about  ten  years  after  the  close  of  his  min- 
istry, during  which  period  he  represented  his  fellow-citizens  two 
years  in  the  General  Court,  and  served  them  faithfully  three 
years  in  the  office  of  Town  Clerk.  He  afterwards  took  charge  of 
the  Unitarian  Church  in  South  Natick,  to  which  place  he  re- 
moved in  1843,  and  died  there  April  19,  1851. 

Rev.  Artemas  B.  Muzzey,  born  in  Lexington,  Sept.  21,  1802, 
H.  C.  1824,  was  ordained  at  Framingham,  June  10,  1830,  dis- 
missed May  18,  1833,  and  installed  here  Jan.  1,  1834.  He  re- 
signed May  4,  1846,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  John  F.  W. 
Ware,  H.  C.  1838,  who  was  installed  Nov.  29, 1846,  and  re- 
signed April  1, 1864.  He  is  now  pastor  of  the  church  in  Arling- 
ton Street,  Boston.  Rev.  Henry  C.  Badger  was  installed  Jan. 
15,  1865,  resigned  Oct.  1,  1865,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
George  W.  Briggs,  B.  U.  1825,  D.  D.  1855,  who  was  installed 

1  Sermon  by  Rev.  John  F.  W.  Ware,  on  the  Fiftieth  Anniversary  of  the  Settlement 
of  Rev.  Thomas  B.  Gannett,  p.  19. 


312 


HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


April  3,  1867.  The  four  successors  of  Mr.  Gannett  are  still  ac- 
tively engaged  in  the  ministry  ;  may  it  be  long  before  judgment 
shall  be  pronounced  upon  their  completed  labors. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Nathaniel  Livermore  . 
Ephraim  Forbes    . 
Isaiah  Bangs 
Nathaniel  P.  Hunt     . 

1809  l 
April,  1817 
Feb.  21,  1842 
Feb.  21,  1842 

Aug.  7,  1862 
Nov.  1817 
Mar.  22,  1859 
Oct.  29,  1854 

90 

73 
61 

UNIVERSITY  CHURCH.  "  Until  1812,  the  College  government 
and  students  had  united  in  public  worship  with  the  inhabitants 
of  the  First  Parish  in  Cambridge  ;  but  in  that  year  the  Overseers 
expressed  the  opinion,  that  it  would  be  for  the  advantage  of  the 
students,  should  religious  instruction  on  the  Sabbath  be  given 
within  the  walls  of  the  University."  2  "  On  the  morning  of 
Lord's-Day,  6th  Nov.  1814,  the  Church  was  organized,  in  the 
presence  and  by  the  assistance  of  the  paster  and  delegates  of  the 
First  Church  in  Cambridge."  3  "A  distinct  church  being  or- 
ganized, public  worship  has  since  been  conducted  within  the  Col- 
lege Chapel  by  the  Faculty  of  the  Theological  School."  4  Apple- 
ton  Chapel  subsequently  became  the  stated  place  of  worship, 
and  after  about  forty  years  the  ex-officio  service  of  the  Theolog- 
ical Faculty  ceased  ;  since  which  time  the  church  has  been  under 
the  care  of  a  pastor  specially  designated  by  the  Corporation  of 
the  College.  The  successive  pastors  and  stated  preachers  have 
been, — 

Rev.  Henry  Ware,  H.  C.  1785,  D.  D.  1806,  from  1814  to  1840.5 

Rev.  Henry  Ware,  Jr.,  H.  C.  1812,  D.  D.  1834,  from  1840  to  1842. 

Rev.  Convers  Francis,  H.  C.  1815,  D.  D.  1837,  from  1842  to  1855. 

Rev.  Frederick  D.  Huntington,  A.  C.  1842,  D.  D.  1855,  from  1855 
to  1860. 

Rev.  Andrew  P.  Peabody,  H.  C.  1826,  D.  D.  1852,  LL.  D.  Roch.  U. 
1863,  from  1860  to  the  present  time. 


1  The  date  of  election  does  not  dis- 
tinctly appear ;  but  Mr.  Ware,  in  his  Ser- 
mon before  quoted,  says :  "  The  church 
appears  to  have  been  fully  organized  on 


2  Quincy's  Hist.  H.  U.,  ii.  309. 

8  McKenzie's  Hist.  Lect.,  p.  184. 

*  Quincy's  Hist.  H.  U.,  ii.  310. 

6  Rev.  Dr.  Kirkland  officiated  as  joint 


the  14th  July,  1809  ;  Nathaniel  Livermore    pastor,  until  he  resigned  the  Presidency 

being  its  first  deacon,  as  he  was  also  its    of  the  College  in  1828. 

last." 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  313 

FIKST  BAPTIST.  —  The  First  Baptist  Church  was  organized 
"  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Samuel  Hancock "  in  Cambridgeport, 
Dec.  17,  1817,  seventeen  males  and  twenty-nine  females  then 
subscribing  the  "  Articles  of  Faith  and  a  Covenant."  l  The 
church  was  publicly  recognized  on  the  25th  day  of  the  same 
month  by  a  Council  regularly  convened ;  and  on  the  same  day 
the  meeting-house,  which  had  been  erected  at  the  junction  of 
Magazine  and  River  streets,  was  dedicated.  This  house  was  a 
wooden  structure,  which  was  enlarged  in  1827  and  twice  after- 
wards ;  it  was  utterly  consumed  by  fire  Jan.  22,  1866.  Prepara- 
tions were  immediately  made  for  the  erection  of  a  much  larger 
house  on  the  same  spot.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  Aug.  17, 
1866.  The  chapel  was  dedicated  March  17,  1867,  in  which 
religious  services  were  held  until  the  completion  of  the  main 
edifice,  which  was  opened  and  dedicated  Dec.  25,  1867,  on  "  the 
fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  organization  of  the  church,  and  of  the 
dedication  of  the  former  house  of  worship."  "  The  cost  of  the 
whole  building  was  about  $90,000."  It  is  a  spacious  brick 
edifice,  not  only  convenient  to  its  occupants,  but  ornamental  to 
the  city.  On  the  8th  of  February,  1819,  William  Brown  and 
twenty-one  others  (several  of  whom  resided  in  Brighton)  were 
"  incorporated  as  a  religious  society,  by  the  name  of  the  Baptist 
Church  in  Cambridge."  2 

The  first  pastor  of  this  church  was  Rev.  Bela  Jacobs,  formerly 
pastor  of  the  Baptist  Church  in  Pawtucket,  R.  I.  He  was  in- 
stalled July  22,  1818,  and  served  the  church  faithfully  and  suc- 
cessfully until  May,  1833,  when  he  resigned,  and  became  Secre- 
tary of  the  Baptist  Educational  Association.  He  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.  M.  from  Brown  University,  1822.  A  further  notice 
of  him  wiil  be  found  in  connection  with  the  Second  Baptist 
Church,  of  which  he  was  afterwards  pastor.  Rev.  Stephen  Lovell 
was  installed  March  24,  1834,  and  resigned  May  15,  1836,  "  and 
immediately  after  his  resignation  united  with  the  Methodist 
Church  in  Portland,  Maine."  He  was  afterwards  associated  with 
Rev.  Thomas  F.  Norris,  in  the  editorship  of  the  "  Olive  Branch," 
and  died  in  Boston,  Sept.  29,  1858,  aged  59  years.  Rev.  Joseph 
W.  Parker,  U.  C.  1831,  was  ordained  Dec.  11,  1836.  The 
church  enjoyed  prosperity  during  his  ministry,  which  continued 
until  Jan.  1,  1854,  when  he  resigned,  and  entered  upon  his  duties 
as  Secretary  of  the  Northern  Baptist  Education  Society  and 

1  Brief   History   of  the   First   Baptist        2  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  v.  282. 
Church  in  Cambridge,  etc.,  p.  3. 


314 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Financial  Agent  of  the  Trustees  of  the  Newton  Theological  Insti- 
tution. He  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Brown  University, 
1852.  Rev.  Sumner  R.  Mason,  formerly  pastor  of  the  Baptist 
Church  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  entered  upon  his  labors  the  first 
Sabbath  in  March,"  1855,  and  "  on  the  25th  of  the  same  month 
he  was  publicly  recognized  by  religious  services."  He  received 
the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Chicago  University.  His  ministry  was 
diligent  and  successful  for  somewhat  more  than  sixteen  years. 
It  had  an  unexpected  and  tragical  termination  on  Saturday  even- 
ing, Aug.  26,  1871,  when  a  disastrous  collision  of  cars  occurred 
on  the  Eastern  Railroad,  at  Revere,  Mass.,  by  which  about  thirty 
persons  were  killed,1  and  a  still  larger  number  wounded,  —  some 
of  them  fatally.  Among  those  who  were  killed  outright  was  Dr. 
Mason.  He  died  at  his  post,  while  engaged  in  his  Master's  ser- 
vice ;  for  the  object  of  his  journey  was  to  fulfil  an  engagement  to 
preach  the  gospel.  His  mutilated  body  was  identified  on  the 
next  day,  and  was  interred  at  Mount  Auburn  on  the  following 
Thursday,  after  appropriate  funeral  services  in  the  presence  of  a 
great  congregation,  and  in  the  house  where  he  had  so  long  been 
a  living  power. 

The  present  pastor  of  the  church,  Rev.  Hiram  K.  Pervear, 
B.  U.  1855,  had  been  pastor  of  the  Second  Baptist  Church  in 
Cambridge  about  seven  years,  and  of  the  First  Baptist  Church  in 
Worcester  nearly  eight  years,  before  his  public  recognition  here 
on  the  5th  of  January,  1873. 

The  church  has  had  nine  Deacons,  to  wit :  — 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Levi  Farwell     .     .     . 

Feb.  10,  1818 

May  27,  1844 

60 

William  Brown  2   . 

Feb.  10,  1818 

June  25,  1861 

75 

Josiah  Coolidge  2   . 

July  30,  1844 

Sept.  13,  1874 

87 

George  Cummings8    . 

Aug.  23,  1844 

Josiah  W.  Cook  .  . 

Aug.  23,  1844 

William  B.  Hovey     . 

Jan.  29,  1849 

July  4,  1871 

75 

Joseph  A.  Holmes 

Jan.  29.  1849 

Albert  Vinal      .     .     . 

Feb.  19,  1850 

Joseph  Gooduow   .     . 

Oct.  13,  1871 

1  Among    the    killed   was  Rev.   Ezra    the  church    now  in    Arlington    Street, 
Stiles  Gannett,  D.  D.,  born  in  Cambridge,     Boston. 

May  4,  1801,  H.  C.  1820,  for  many  years  2  Deacons  Brown  and  Coolidge  were 
colleague-pastor  (with  Rev.  W.  E.  Chan-  "  dismissed  to  the  Church  in  Old  Cam- 
ning,  D.  D.),  and  aftenvards  sole  pastor  of  bridge,  Aug.  16,  1844." 

8  Removed  to  Lancaster  in  1850. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  315 

FIEST  UNIVERSALIST.  —  On  the  ninth  day  of  February,  1822, 
Peter  Tufts,  Jr.,  and  thirty-three  others  were  "incorporated  and 
made  a  body  politic  and  religious  society  by  the  name  of  the 
First  Universalist  Society  in  Cambridge."  1  For  some  years  pre- 
viously, Rev.  Hosea  Ballon  and  others  had  occasionally  preached 
in  the  school-house  then  standing  on  Franklin  Street.  Immedi- 
ately after  its  incorporation  the  society  commenced  preparations 
for  the  erection  of  the  meeting-house  which  now  stands  at  the 
junction  of  Main  and  Front  streets  in  Cambridgeport.  The  cor- 
ner-stone was  laid  with  masonic  ceremonies  by  Amicable  Lodge, 
June  24,  1822 ;  and  the  house  was  dedicated  to  the  worship  of 
God  on  the  18th  of  the  following  December.  The  church  was 
organized  June  19,  1827. 

The  first  pastor  of  this  church  was  Rev.  Thomas  Whittemore, 
who  was  born  in  Boston,  Jan.  1,  1800,  ordained,  June  13,  1821, 
and  after  preaching  somewhat  more  than  a  year  at  Milford,  com- 
menced his  labors  here  in  April,  1822,  but  was  not  formally  in- 
stalled until  April  23,  1823.  He  resigned  the  pastorate,  and 
preached  his  farewell  discourse  May  29,  1831,  but  remained  a 
citizen  of  Cambridge  until  the  close  of  his  life. 

As  early  as  June,  1828,  he  purchased  the  "  Universalist  Mag- 
azine "  (which  was  established  July  3,  1819),  and  changed  its 
name  to  "  Trumpet  and  Universalist  Magazine."  This  paper  he 
conducted  with  consummate  skill  and  energy  until  Feb.  18, 1861, 
about  a  month  before  his  death,  when  he  was  compelled,  by  sheer 
exhaustion,  to  relinquish  the  charge.  He  represented  the  town 
three  years  in  the  General  Court,  and  served  the  city  one  year 
in  the  Board  of  Aldermen.  For  many  years  he  was  President  of 
the  Cambridge  Bank,  and  also  of  the  Fitchburg  and  the  Vermont 
and  Massachusetts  Railroads.  He  continued  to  preach,  almost 
every  Sabbath,  until  near  the  close  of  life.  In  1837,  he  published 
"  Songs  of  Zion,"  a  volume  of  sacred  music,  a  portion  of  which 
was  original.  He  was  the  author  of  "  Notes  and  Illustrations  of 
the  Parables  of  the  New  Testament,"  1834  ;  "  A  Plain  Guide  to 
Universalism,"  1840  ;  "  Memoir  of  Rev.  Walter  Balfour,"  1852; 
"  Life  of  Rev.  Hosea  Ballon,"  in  four  volumes,  1854,  1855 ;  and 
"  The  Early  Days  of  Thomas  Whittemore,  an  Autobiography," 
1859.  His  first  and  last  literary  work  was  "  The  Modern  History 
of  Universalism,"  of  which  the  first  edition  was  published  in 
1830.  He  made  large  collections  for  a  second  edition,  and  pub- 
lished the  first  volume  in  1860 ;  but  the  completion  of  the  second 

1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  v.  464. 


31t  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

volume  was  prevented  by  his  death,  which  occurred  March  21, 
1861.  Tufts  College  bestowed  on  him  the  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Divinity  in  1860. 

Rev.  Samuel  P.  Skinner  commenced  preaching  here  June  5, 

1831,  and  was  ordained  on  the  nineteenth  day  of  the  same  month. 
His  ministry  was  very  short.     About  the  first  of  May,  1832,  he 
removed  to  Baltimore,  and  was  for  a  time  engaged  in  teaching. 
He  subsequently  preached  in  several  places,  and  at  length  settled 
in  Chicago,  111.     He  died  August  12,  1858,  aged  48. 

Rev.  Lucius  R.  Paige  was  born  in  Hardwick,  March  8,  1802, 
commenced  preaching  June  1,  1823,  and  was  ordained  June  2, 
1825.  After  laboring  in  several  places,  as  an  evangelist,  more 
than  two  years,  and  performing  the  duties  of  a  settled  pastor 
nearly  four  years  at  Springfield,  and  about  two  years  at  Glouces- 
ter (now  Rockport),  he  commenced  his  ministry  here  May  20, 

1832,  was  installed  July  8, 1832,  and  resigned  July  1, 1839.     He 
continued  to  preach,  occasionally,  nearly  thirty  years  afterwards, 
until  the  precarious  condition  of  his  health  compelled  him  to  de- 
sist.    During  his  pastorate  he  published  "  Selections  from  Emi- 
nent Commentators,"  in  1833,  and  "  Questions  on  Select  Portions 
of  the  Gospels,  designed  for  the  use  of  Sabbath  Schools  and  Bible 
Classes,"  in  1838 ;  also  a  Centennial  Address  at  Hardwick,  1838. 
He  subsequently  wrote  a  "  Commentary  on  the  New  Testament," 
in  six  volumes,  of  which  the  first  was  published  in  1844  and  the 
last  in  1870.     While  engaged  in  this  work,  as  a  relaxation  from 
severer  studies,  he  gathered  materials  for  this  History  of  Cam- 
bridge.    Meanwhile,  his  literary  labors  yielding  scanty  returns, 
he  devoted  the  business  hours  of  the  day  to  the  performance  of 
secular  duties.     He  was  Town  Clerk  from  March,  1839,  to  Janu- 
ary, 1840,  and  from  March,  1843,  to  May,  1846  ;  City  Clerk  from 
May,  1846,  to  October,  1855  ;   Treasurer  of  the  Cambridgeport 
Savings  Bank,  from  April,  1855,  to  April,  1871,  during  the  larger 
portion  of  which  period  he  was  also  successively  Cashier  and 
President  of  the  Cambridge  Bank.     He  received  the  degree  of 
A.  M.  from  Harvard  College,  1850,  and  that  of  D.  D.  from  Tufts 
College,  1861. 

Rev.  Lemuel  Willis  was  born  at  Windham,  Vt.,  April  24, 
1802,  commenced  preaching  July  28,  1822,  was  ordained  Oct.  2, 
1823,  and  was  installed  here  Oct.  1,  1842,  having  previously 
been  settled  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  Salem,  Washington,  N.  H.,  and 
Lynn.  He  resigned  Sept.  28,  1845,  and  was  afterwards  pastor 
at  Claremont,  N.  H.,  South  Orange,  Mass.,  and  Portsmouth, 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY. 


317 


N.  H.  Since  1856  he  has  generally  resided  at  Warner,  N.  H. 
Though  he  has  passed  beyond  the  age  of  three-score  years  and 
ten,  his  eye  is  not  yet  dim,  nor  is  his  mind  clouded  ;  and  he  con- 
tinues to  preach  and  perform  other  ministerial  duties. 

Rev.  Luther  J.  Fletcher  was  ordained  in  1843,  commenced 
preaching  here  Jan.  4,  1846,  and  was  installed  on  the  5th  of  the 
following  April.  He  resigned  April  14,  1848,  and  was  after- 
wards settled  at  Lowell  and  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  He  received  the 
degree  of  D.  D.  from  St.  Lawr.  Univ.  1876.  Rev.  Edwin  A. 
Eaton,  who  had  been  previously  settled  at  Newburyport,  com- 
menced preaching  here  Jan.  7,  1849,  resigned  April  25,  1852, 
and  was  afterwards  settled  in  Providence  for  six  years,  and  at 
South  Reading  for  a  similar  period.  He  retired  from  the  min- 
istry about  1870,  and  is  now  an  Insurance  agent  in  Boston. 
Rev.  Charles  A.  Skinner  was  ordained  in  1848,  labored  a  few 
years  in  western  New  York,  and  was  installed  here  July  17,  1853. 
He  retained  the  pastorship  longer  than  any  of  his  predecessors  ; 
and  after  a  peaceful  and  successful  ministry  he  resigned  Sept.  29, 
1867,  in  order  to  become  the  pastor  of  the  church  in  Hartford, 
Conn.,  which  office  he  still  sustains.  Rev.  Benjamin  F.  Bowles 
was  ordained  in  1848,  and  held  the  pastoral  office  successively  at 
Salem,  Southbridge,  Natick,  Melrose,  Manchester,  N.  H.,  and 
Worcester.  He  was  installed  here  Dec.  6,  1868,  and  resigned 
Jan.  31,  1873  ;  since  which  time  he  has  been  pastor  of  the 
Second  Church  in  Philadelphia.  The  present  pastor  of  this 
church  is  Rev.  Oscar  F.  Safford,  a  graduate  of  the  Theological 
School,  St.  Lawrence  University,  1862,  who  was  ordained  in  1862, 
and  who  was  settled  at  Danvers,  Charlestown,  Chicago,  and 
Springfield.  He  was  installed  here  Jan.  1,  1874. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

Samuel  Watson      .     . 

July  12,  1827 

Feb.  1855 

87 

Flavel  Coolidge      .     . 

July  12,  1827 

Feb.  1,   1848 

73 

Isaac  Kimball    .     .     . 

July  12,1827 

Oct.  14,  1831 

74 

Simon  Ames      .     .     . 

Dec.  28,  1831 

Oct.  28,  1841 

51 

Alvaro  Blodgett  l  .     . 

July  28,  1843 

May  14,  1874 

58 

Joseph  P.  Howlett 

July  28,  1843 

Ebenezer  P.  Holman  . 

Oct.  28,  1847 

Dec.  17,  1859 

47 

Robert  White    .     .     . 

May  29,  1874 

1  Deac.  Blodgett  resigned  Sept.  3, 1853,  and  was  reelected  May  25,  1860. 


318  HISTORY  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

SECOND  UNIVERSALIST.  —  By  an  Act  of  the  General  Court, 
Feb.  11,  1823,  Calvin  Brooks  and  others1  were  incorporated  as 
the  "  Second  Society  of  Universalists  in  the  town  of  Cambridge." 
They  held  meetings  for  a  time  in  a  school-house  on  Third  Street, 
between  Bridge  and  Gore  streets,  and  afterwards  worshipped 
with  the  Unitarian  Society  in  their  meeting-house  on  Third 
Street.  In  July,  1834,  the  Society  hired  what  was  then  called 
"  Berean  Hall,"  on  the  northerly  side  of  Cambridge  Street,  be- 
tween Third  and  Fourth  streets,  and  occupied  it  until  the  early 
part  of  1843,  when  it  was  purchased,  enlarged,  converted  into  a 
meeting-house,  and  was  dedicated  on  the  5th  day  of  December. 
In  1865  this  house  was  sold,  and  the  Society  erected  the  neat  and 
commodious  church  now  standing  on  the  northerly  side  of  Otis 
Street,  between  Third  and  Fourth  streets,  which  was  dedicated 
Sept.  26,  1866. 

This  parish  had  no  settled  pastor  until  1834,  when  Rev.  Henry 
Bacon  commenced  his  labors  in  November,  and  was  ordained  on 
the  28th  of  December.  He  resigned  in  the  spring  of  1838,  and 
was  afterwards  settled  at  Haverhill,  Marblehead,  Providence,  and 
Philadelphia.  He  was  born  in  Boston,  June  12,  1813,  and  died 
in  Philadelphia,  March  19,  1856.  His  was  a  busy  life.  Besides 
faithfully  performing  his  pastoral  duties,  he  was  a  prolific  writer 
in  various  periodicals,  the  author  of  some  small  volumes,  and  edi- 
tor of  the  "  Ladies'  Repository  "  twenty  years.  Rev.  Elbridge  G. 
Brooks  was  ordained  at  West  Amesbury,  Oct.  19,  1837,  and  was 
installed  here  Sept.  16,  1838.  He  resigned  early  in  1845,  and 
was  subsequently  settled  in  Bath,  Me.,  Lynn,  New  York,  and 
Philadelphia,  where  he  is  still  actively  engaged  in  the  ministry. 
He  has  written  much  for  various  periodicals,  and  in  1873  pub- 
lished a  volume  entitled  "  Our  New  Departure."  He  received 
the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Tufts  College  in  1867.  Rev.  Wil- 
liam R.  G.  Mellen  was  ordained  at  Milford,  May  17,  1843,  and 
was  installed  here  Oct.  26,  1845.  He  resigned  in  October,  1848, 
and  was  afterwards  settled  in  Chicopee,  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  and 
Gloucester ;  he  served  his  country  several  years  as  a  Consul  in  a 
foreign  port ;  and  has  since  had  the  pastoral  charge  of  several 
Unitarian  societies.  Rev.  Massena  Goodrich  was  ordained  at 
Haverhill  Jan.  1,  1845,  commenced  his  ministry  here  April  8, 
1849,  resigned  in  January,  1852,  and  was  afterwards  settled  at 
Goff's  Corner,  Me.,  Waltham,  and  Pawtucket,  R.  I.  In  1861  he 
became  a  Professor  in  the  Theological  School  at  Canton,  N.  Y.  ; 

1  Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  vi.  78. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  319 

after  two  or  three  years  he  returned  to  Pawtucket,  and  resumed 
his  pastoral  duties.     He  received  the  degree  of  A.  M.  from  Tufts 
College   in    1863.     Rev.    Henry  A.  Eaton  was  born   in    South 
Reading  (now  Wakefield)  Nov.   27,  1825,  ordained  at   Milford 
Sept.  11,  1859,  took  charge  of  this  parish  on  the  first  Sabbath 
in  May,  1855,  and  resigned  at  the  end  of  September,  1857.     His 
health  was  broken  down,  yet  he  preached,  more  or  less,  for  two 
or   three  years  at  Waltham,  and   Meriden,  Conn.     He   died   at 
Worcester,   of   consumption,  May  26,  1861.      Rev.    Henry  W. 
Rugg  was  ordained  in  1854,  and  having  preached  three  or  four 
years  on  Cape  Cod,  commenced  his  pastorate  here  on  the  first  of 
March,  1858  ;  resigned  at  the  end  of  three  years,  and  was  after- 
wards settled  at  Bath,  Me.,  and  Providence,  R.  I.     Rev.  S.  L. 
Roripaugh  was  ordained  in  1856,  was  pastor  of  this  flock  from 
January,  1862,  to  the  end  of  the  year,  and  has  since  beeen  settled 
at   New   Bedford,    North  Bridgewater,   Joliet,  111.,  Valhermosa 
Springs,  Ala.,  and  Atlanta,  Ga.     Rev.  James  F.  Powers,  Tufts 
College,  1861,  was  pastor  from  the  first  of  December,  1863,  until 
April,  1866.     He  was  afterwards  settled  in  Maiden,  and  about 
1872  took  orders  in  the  Episcopal  Church.     Rev.  Henry  I.  Cush- 
man  was  ordained  May  15,    1867,  resigned  May  31,  1868,  and 
was  afterwards  associate  pastor  of  the  Second  Universalist  Church 
in  Boston,  and  pastor  of  the  First  Universalist  Church  in  Provi- 
dence.    His  successor  was  Rev.  Frank  Maguire,  a  graduate  of  St. 
Lawrence  Theological   School,  1863,  whose  pastorate   extended 
from  Oct.  1,  1868,  to  Jan.  1,  1871,  after  which  he  was  settled  at 
Fitchburg.      He   was   ordained   in    1863,    and   had    previously 
preached  at  Greenport,  N.  Y.,  and  Waterville,  Me.     Rev.  Sum- 
ner  Ellis,  ordained  at  Boston,  Nov.  1851,  and  successively  pastor 
at   Boston,  Salem,    Brighton,   Lynn,    Milwaukee,    Chicago,  and 
Newark,  had  charge  of  this  parish,  as  stated  supply,  from  April 
1,  1872,  to  Sept.  29,  1874,  when  he   returned  to  Chicago.     He 
was  succeeded,  as  "  stated  supply,"  by  Rev.  Henry  I.  Cushman, 
Nov.  1,  1874,  and  by  Rev.  William  A.  Start  of  Melrose,  Sept. 
4,  1875.     Mr.  Start  has  recently  been  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Massachusetts  Convention  of  Universalists.     A  further  notice  of 
him  may  be  found  in  connection  with  the  Third  Universalist 
Society. 


320 


HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


The   church  was  organized  Jan.  1,  1836.     Its   Stewards   or 
Deacons  have  been  :  — 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

Ebenezer  Tirrell  .     . 

Jan.  1836 

Died 

Dec.  3,  1839 

Victor  Eaton   .     .     . 

March  2,  1838 

Died 

Nov.  20,  1847 

Daniel  Jewett  .     .     . 

Oct.  30,  1840 

Resigned 

Dec.  2,  1843 

Marshall  S.  Boyer    . 

Dec.  2,  1843 

Resigned 

1859 

Peter  Shorfenburg    . 

Feb.  2,  1848 

Died 

June  18,  1854 

Barnabas  Binney 

Jan.  1856 

Died 

March  18,  1874 

John  B.  Winslow 

March  2,  1860 

Removed  from 

the  city. 

Jonas  Woodard    .     . 

March  2,  1860 

Otis  H.  Hendley  .     . 

Jan.  1870 

Died 

April  25,  1871 

John  M.  Hastings 

Jan.  1870 

John  C.  Burdakin 

Jan.  16,  1875 

FIRST  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL.  —  "  From  the  first  settling  of 
Lechmere  Point  (or  East  Cambridge)  the  few  inhabitants  were 
obliged  to  attend  church  in  Boston  or  Charlestown  until  the 
autumn  of  1818,  when  the  Methodist  Society  was  formed  by  the 
following  named  persons,  all  of  whom  had  been  members  of  the 
church  previous  to  their  coming  to  the  Point ;  namely,  William 
Granville,1  Elizabeth  Granville,  Eliza  Sargent,  Lucinda  Sargent, 
William  Swindel,  and  Charles  Elliot."  2  For  a  time  they  met  in 
private  houses ;  and  the  first  sermon  to  them  was  delivered  by 
the  Reverend  Enoch  Mudge  in  the  house  of  Mr.  William  Gran- 
ville. "  Public  worship  was  first  regularly  established  in  a  school- 
house  on  North  Third  Street,  where  the  Society  worshipped 
until  1823,  when  Mr.  Granville  erected  a  small,  convenient 
chapel  on  Gore  Street,  now  occupied  as  a  dwelling-house."2  By 
an  Act  of  the  General  Court,  June  14,  1823,  Amos  Binney  and 
others  were  incorporated  as  "  Trustees  of  the  Methodist  Religious 
Society  in  Cambridge."  "About  this  time  a  lot  of  land  was 
donated  to  the  society,  on  which  a  substantial  brick  church  was 
erected,  and  dedicated  in  the  autumn  of  1825."  2  That  house, 
on  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Cambridge  and  Third  streets, 
stood  about  forty-five  years,  when  it  was  demolished,  and  a  much 
larger  brick  edifice  was  erected  on  the  same  spot,  at  a  cost  of 
$45,000,  which  was  dedicated  December  12,  1872. 


1  Mr.  Grnnville  seems  to  have  been  a 
preacher  or  exhorter. 


2  MS.  Letter  from  Mr.  0.  H.  Durrell. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTOYY.  321 

As  nearly  as  can  now  be  ascertained,  the  preachers  in  charge 
of  this  church  were  appointed  as  follows  :  — 

1823,  Rev.  Leonard  Frost. 

1824,  1825,  Rev.  D.  Young.     Died  12  March,' 1826. 

1826,  Rev.  Ebenezer  Blake. 

1827,  1828,  Rev.  Enoch  Mudge.     Died  2  April,  1850. 

1829,  Rev.  Ephraim  Wiley. 

1830,  Rev.  Bartholomew  Otheman. 

1831,  Rev.  Ephraim  Wiley. 

1832,  Rev.  Leonard  B.  Griffing. 

1833,  Rev.  George  Pickering.     Died  8  Dec.,  1846. 

1834,  Rev.  James  C.  Bontecou. 

1835,  Rev.  Edward  Otheman. 

1836,  Rev.  Elijah  H.  Denning. 

1837,  Rev.  Stephen  G.  Hiler,  Jr. 

1838,  1839,  Rev.  Henry  B.  Skinner. 
1840,  1841,  Rev.  Edmund  M.  Beebe. 

1842,  1843,  Rev.  Shipley  W.  Willson.     Died  30  Dec.,  1856. 

1844,  1845,  Rev.  Samuel  A.  Gushing. 

1846,  1847,  Rev.  Joseph  A.  Merrill.     Died  22  July,  1849. 

1848,  1849,  Rev.  James  Shepard. 

1850,  1851,  Rev.  John  W.  Merrill,  W.U.  1834,  D.  D.  (McK.  C.)  1844. 

1852,  1853,  Rev.  William  H.  Hatch. 

1854,  1855,  Rev.  Converse  L.  McCurdy.     Died  22  Nov.  1876. 

1856,  Rev.  Abraham  D.  Merrill. 

1857, 1858,  Rev.  George  Bowler. 

1859,  1860,  Rev.  Moses  A.  Howe.     Died  27  Jan.  1861. 

1861,  1862,  Rev.  David  K.  Merrill. 

1863,  Rev.  Samuel  Tupper.     Died  11  Jan.  1869. 

1864,  1865,  Rev.  William  H.  Hatch. 

1866-1868,  Rev.  Isaac  J.  P.  Collyer.     Died  7  May,  1872. 
1869,  1870,  Rev.  Pliny  Wood.     Died  1873. 
1871-1873,  Rev.  William  P.  Ray. 
1874,  1875,  Rev.  Charles  T.  Johnson,  W.  U.  1863. 
1876,  Rev.  George  W.  Mansfield,  W.  U.  1858. 

THIRD  CONGREGATIONAL  (UNITARIAN).  —  The  Third  Con- 
gregational Society  was  incorporated  June  16,  1827,1  and  in  the 
course  of  the  same  year  erected  a  substantial  brick  meeting-house, 
which  is  yet  standing  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Thorndike  and 

1  The  corporators  were  eight  citizens,     tion  of  a  Congregational  meeting-house 
named,  "and  all  those  persons  who  now    at  Lechmere    Point    in   Cambridge."  — 
have  or  hereafter  may  subscribe  and  pay    Mass.  Spec.  Laws,  vi.  575. 
the  sum  of  fifty  dollars  towards  the  erec- 
21 


322 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Third  streets.  The  church  was  organized  March  3,  1328.  The 
first  pastor  was  Rev.  Warren  Burton,  H.  C.  1821,  who  was  born 
at  Wilton,  N.  H.,  Nov.  23,  1800,  and  ordained  here  March  5, 
1828.  He  resigned  .June  6,  1829,  and  after  preaching  for  short 
periods  in  several  places,  and  laboring  abundantly  in  the  cause  of 
education,  died  in  Salem,  June  6, 1866.  Rev.  James  D.  Green, 
H.  C.  1817,  born  in  Maiden,  Sept.  8, 1798,  was  ordained  at  Lynn, 
Nov.  3,  1828,  and  installed  here  Jan.  6,  1830.  He  resigned  the 
pastorate  April  21,  1840,  and  soon  afterwards  retired  from  the 
ministry.  Like  other  ex-pastors  in  Cambridge,  he  was  called  by 
his  fellow  citizens  to  the  performance  of  various  municipal  duties. 
He  was  a  Selectman,  1845,  and  Representative  in  the  General 
Court  six  years,  between  1841  and  1854.  On  the  incorporation 
of  the  City  in  1846,  he  was  elected  as  its  first  Mayor,  and  was  re- 
elected  to  the  same  office  in  1847,  1853, 1860,  and  1861.  He  was 
succeeded  in  the  ministry  by  Rev.  Henry  Lambert,  June  3,  1841, 
who  resigned  April  19,  1846.  Rev.  George  G.  Ingersoll,  H.  C. 
1815,  D.  D.  1845,  was  installed  Dec.  3,  1847,  and  resigned 
Oct.  14,  1849.  He  died  in  1863.  Rev.  Frederick  W.  Holland, 
H.  C.  1831,  was  installed  Oct.,  1851,  and  resigned  June  3,  1859  ; 
he  is  actively  engaged  elsewhere  in  the  work  of  the  ministry.  His 
successors,  for  short  terms,  were  Rev.  Frederick  N.  Knapp,  H.  C. 
1843,  from  July,  1860,  to  July,  1861 ;  Rev.  William  T.  Clarke, 
from  Oct.  1861  to  Oct.  1862  ;  Rev.  Henry  C.  Badger,  from  Nov., 
1862,  to  Nov.,  1863 ;  Rev.  Rufus  P.  Stebbins,  Amh.  C.  1834,  D.  D. 
1851,  was  a  "  stated  supply  "  from  Jan.,  1864,  to  May,  1864. 
Rev.  Stephen  G.  Bulfinch,  Columbian,  Wash.  1827,  D.  D.  1864, 
was  pastor  from  Sept.,  1865,  to  July,  1869,  and  died  in  1870.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Samuel  W.  McDaniel,  in  Nov.,  1869,  who 
resigned,  July,  1874.  The  parish  is  now  destitute  of  a  pastor. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

Cornelius  Clark  .     . 

Jan.  27,  1830 

Resigned 

Jan.  3,  1833 

Abraham  P.  Sherman 

April  3,  1831 

Resigned 

Dec.  2,  1851 

Robert  Vinal  .     .     . 

Jan.  3,  1833 

Resigned 

Feb.  1846 

George  Newhall  .     . 

Dec.  3,  1851 

Died 

May  24,  1869 

John  Palmer  .     . 

May  6,  1855 

SECOND  BAPTIST.  —  As  early  as  1824,  several  persons  residing 
in  East  Cambridge,  being  members  of  Baptist  churches  in  Bos- 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  323 

ton  and  elsewhere,  established  a  Sabbath-school,  and  subsequently 
'made  arrangements  "  to  have  preaching  one  evening  in  a  week, 
and  to  this  end  permission  was  asked  to  occupy  one  of  the  rooms 
in  the  Putnam  School-house."  In  1827*  a  meeting-house  was 
erected  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Cambridge  and  Fourth 
streets,  which  was  dedicated  on  the  tenth  of  October  in  that  year. 
This  house  was  of  wood,  66  feet  in  length,  46  feet  in  breadth, 
with  a  steeple  about  100  feet  in  height,  and  cost,  with  its  bell 
and  furniture,  about  nine  thousand  dollars  ;  it  was  burned,  with 
all  its  contents,  April  14,  1837.  With  commendable  spirit,  the 
society  erected  a  new  house  on  the  same  spot,  of  brick,  70  feet 
in  length,  54  feet  in  breadth,  with  a  convenient  vestry  in  the 
basement,  which  was  dedicated  Jan.  11,  1838.  The  church  was 
formed  Sept.  3,  1827,  which  was  publicly  recognized  by  a  council 
convened  for  that  purpose  four  days  afterwards.  The  first  pastor 
of  the  church  was  Rev.  John  E.  Weston,  who  was  ordained  Oct. 
10,  1827,  having  preached  to  the  society  for  several  months  pre- 
viously. He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Newton  Theological  Institu- 
tion, and  was  a  faithful  minister  of  the  church.  He  resigned 
April  4,  1831,  and  was  invited  to  take  charge  of  the  Baptist 
Church  in  Nashua,  N.  H. ;  but  "  in  the  month  of  July  in  the  same 
year  "  he  was  unfortunately  drowned  at  Wilmington,  Mass.  Rev. 
Jonathan  Aldrich,  B.  U.  1826,  a  graduate  of  Newton  Theolog- 
ical Institution,  who  had  previously  been  pastor  of  a  church  in 
Beverly,  entered  upon  his  labors  here  June  2,  1833,  resigned 
June  19,  1835,  and  took  charge  of  the  First  Baptist  Church  in 
Worcester.  Rev.  Bela  Jacobs,  formerly  pastor  of  the  First  Bap- 
tist Church  in  Cambridge,  was  installed  here  Aug.  23,  1835. 
His  pastorate  had  a  tragical  termination  on  the  morning  of  May 
22,  1836,  when,  as  he  was  about  to  leave  his  carriage,  at  the  door 
of  the  meeting-house,  his  horse  suddenly  started,  ran  a  few  rods, 
dashed  the  carriage  against  the  Univeralist  Church,  "  at  the  same 
time  throwing  him  against  the  corner  with  such  force  as  to  frac- 
ture his  skull ;  "  he  survived  about  an  hour,  and  entered  into  rest. 
Mr.  Jacobs  had  resided  in  Cambridge  eighteen  years,  and  was 
universally  respected  and  beloved.  His  death  was  sincerely  la- 
mented, not  only  by  the  people  of  his  charge,  but  by  the  whole 
community.  Rev.  Nathaniel  Hervey,  a  graduate  of  Newton 
Theological  Institution,  who  had  been  settled  at  Marblehead, 
was  installed  Sept.  18,  1836,  and  closed  his  ministry  here  Sept. 
1,  1839.  He  was  afterwards  settled  for  a  short  time  at  Andover, 
and  soon  afterwards  died,  of  consumption,  at  Worcester.  Rev. 


324 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


William  Leverett,  B.  U.  1824,  who  had  been  pastor  of  the  Dud- 
ley Street  Baptist  Church  in  Roxbury,  was  installed  Oct.  4,  1840, 
and  resigned  at  the  end  of  the  year  1849.  After  a  short  pastor- 
ate in  New  England  Village,  his  health  failed  and  he  retired  from 
the  ministry.  Rev.  Amos  F.  Spalding,  born  in  Boston,  B.  U. 
1847,  a  graduate  of  Newton  Theological  Institution,  who  had 
been  settled  in  Montreal,  commenced  his  ministry  here  Aug.  1, 
1852,  and  resigned  Nov.  23,  1856.  Rev.  Hiram  K.  Pervear, 

B.  U.  1855,  a  graduate  of  Newton  Theological  Institution,  was 
ordained  as  an  Evangelist  Nov.  5,  1857,  commenced  preaching 
here  in  the  previous  summer,  became  the  regular  pastor  April 
30,  1858,  resigned   April  1,  1865,  was  installed  over  the  First 
Baptist  Church  in  Worcester,  and  on  the  5th  of  January,  1873, 
took  charge  of  the  First  Baptist  Church  in   Cambridge.     Rev. 
Frank  R.  Morse,  D.  C.  1861,  a  graduate  of  Newton  Theological 
Institution,  commenced  his  pastorate  Sept.  3,  1865,  and  resigned 
Nov.  20,  1867.     He  was  succeeded,  Dec.  4, 1868,  by  Rev.  George 
H.  Miner,  B.  U.  1863,  who  resigned  Aug.  21,  1872.     Rev.  Hugh 

C.  Townley,  who  graduated  at  the  University  of  Rochester,  1858, 
was  called  to  office  here  April  1,  1873,  having  previously  been 
settled   at   Peekskill,  N.  Y.,  and  Woburn,  Mass.     He  resigned 
April  1,  1875.     The  present  pastor  is  Rev.  George  W.  Holman, 
who  was  born  in  Somerville,  1841,  educated  and  ordained  in  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  had  been  pastor  at  Radnor,  Pa.,  Fort 
Edward,  N.  Y.,Lewiston,  Me.,  and  Holliston,  Mass.     He  was  in- 
stalled Nov.  7,  1875. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

Age. 

Enos  Reed  .... 

Oct.  17,  1827 

Died 

July  8,  1871 

75 

John  Donallan      .     . 

April  1,  1829 

Died 

May  13,  1867 

69 

Henry  S.  Hills     .     . 

Sept.  15,  1854 

Daniel  Grant  . 

Oct.  4,  1870 

Resigned 

Oct.  30,  1874 

William  B.  Savage  . 

Oct.  4,  1870 

Alonzo  Stewart    . 

July  2,  1875 

Ambrose  H.  Sauborn 

July  2,  1875 

FIRST  EVANGELICAL  CONGREGATIONAL.  —  "  The  First  Evan- 
gelical Congregational  Church,  formed  in  that  part  of  the  city  of 
Cambridge  usually  called  Cambridgeport,  was  gathered  Sept.  20, 
1827.  It  consisted  originally  of  forty-five  members,  most  of 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  325 

whom,  being  residents  of  this  place,  had  been  previously  con- 
nected with  the  Hanover  Street  Church,  Boston,  then  under  the 
pastoral  care  of  Rev.  Lyman  Beech er,  D.  D."  l  The  society 
connected  with  this  church  consists  of  the  pew-owners,  by  whom 
"  all  questions  of  taxation  are  decided."  In  the  settlement  of  a 
pastor,  "  it  is  the  right  and  privilege  of  the  church  to  nominate, 
and  of  the  pew-holders  to  concur  or  non-concur ;  and  upon  their 
non-concurrence,  the  church  nominate  anew,  until  the  parties 
agree." 2  Their  first  meeting-house  was  dedicated  Sept.  20, 
1827 ;  it  stood  on  the  southerly  corner  of  Norfolk  and  Washing- 
ton streets,  and  "  was  held  by  the  Deacons  in  trust  for  the  use  of 
the  religious  society  worshipping  in  it,  but  subject,  with  certain 
restrictions,  to  the  ultimate  and  entire  control  of  the  church."  3 
This  house  was  of  wood  and  was  several  times  enlarged,  but  still 
proving  too  small,  and  not  sufficiently  convenient,  it  was  sold,4 
and  a  much  larger  brick  house  was  erected  on  the  westerly  side 
of  Prospect  Street  between  Harvard  and  Austin  streets :  the 
corner-stone  was  laid  July  29,  1851,  and  the  house  was  dedicated 
June  30,  1852. 

The  first  pastor  of  the  church  was  Rev.  David  Perry,  D.  C. 
1824,  who  was  ordained  April  23,  1829,  and  resigned  October 
13,  1830.  He  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  William  A.  Stearns,  who 
was  born  at  Bedford,  March  17,  1805,  H.  C.  1827,  D.  D.  1853, 
was  ordained  December  14,  1831,  and  resigned  December  14, 
1854.  "  The  pastoral  connection  was  dissolved,  that  he  might 
accept  the  Presidency  of  Amherst  College,  to  which  he  had  been 
elected."  His  pastorate  was  distinguished  for  energy  and  suc- 
cess ;  and  it  is  understood  that  his  presidency  was  equally  ener- 
getic and  successful.  He  died  8  June,  1876.  Rev.  Edward  W. 
Oilman,  Y.  C.  1843,  who  had  been  settled  at  Lockport,  N.  Y., 
commenced  preaching  here  in  July,  1856,  was  installed  on  the 
9th  of  the  following  September,  resigned  Oct.  22,  1858,  and  was 
succeeded  by  Rev.  James  O.  Murray,  B.  U.  1850,  who  was  in- 
stalled May  1,  1861,  resigned  Feb.  6,  1865,  and  became  pastor 
of  a  church  in  New  York.  He  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from 
Princeton  College,  1867.  Rev.  Kinsley  Twining,  Y.  C.  1853, 
formerly  settled  at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  was  installed  here  Sept. 
12,  1867,  resigned  April  28,  1872,  and  took  charge  of  a  church 

1  Historical  Sketch  of  the  Church,  in  its        *  The  house  was  used  for  a  lecture- 
Manual,  1870.  room,  and  for  similar  purposes,  until  it 

2  Ibid.  was  consumed  by  fire,  Nov.  7,  1854. 
8  Ibid. 


326 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


in  Providence,  R.  I.  Rev.  William  S.  Karr,  A.  C.  1851,  was 
installed  Jan.  15,  1873,  and  dismissed  Nov.  22,  1875,  to  take  a 
professorship  in  the  Hartford  Theological  Seminary.  Rev.  James 
S.  Hoyt,  Y.  C.  1851,  D.  D.  Olivet  College,  1876,  commenced 
his  pastorate  Sept.  3,  1876,  and  was  installed  on  the  15th  day  of 
the  same  month. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

Age. 

William  Fisk  .     .     . 

Jan.  3,  1833 

Died 

April  18,  1864 

80 

Samuel  Barrett    .     . 

Jan.  3,  1833 

Resigned 

Oct.  2,  1846. 

William  Adams    .     . 

July  3,  1846 

Resigned 

May  5,  1853 

Thaddeus  B.  Bigelow 

Feb.  28,  1851 

Resigned 

Dec.  19,  1856 

William  Davis 

Sept.  29,  1854 

Removed 

to  N.  H. 

Caleb  H.  Warner     . 

Sept.  29,  1854 

Resigned 

Sept.  29,  1872 

Sumner  Albee      .     . 

March  5,  1858 

Lucas  B.  Grover  .     . 

April  24,  1868 

Henry  N.  Til  ton  .     . 

April  24,  1868 

SECOND  EVANGELICAL  CONGREGATIONAL.  —  The  Second 
Evangelical  Church  was  organized  March  30,  1842,  and  erected 
a  commodious  meeting-house  on  the  easterly  corner  of  Austin 
and  Temple  streets,  which  was  dedicated  Jan.  3,  1844.  Meet- 
ings had  previously  been  held  in  a  chapel,  erected  on  the  same 
lot,  and  dedicated  May  3,  1842.  Generally  speaking,  the  mem- 
bers of  this  church  were  zealous  advocates  of  the  immediate 
abolition  of  slavery.  Their  first  minister  was  Rev.  Joseph  C. 
Lovejoy,  Bowd.  Coll.  1829,  who  was  installed  Jan.  26,  1843. 
He  resigned  May  10,  1853,  and  was  afterwards  active  in  politics. 
He  died  here,  Oct.  19,  1871,  aged  67.  Rev.  Charles  Packard, 
Bowd.  Coll.  1842,  was  installed  April  26,  1854,  was  dismissed 
March  21,  1855,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Charles  Jones,  whose 
ministry  extended  from  May  25,  1855,  to  Oct.  16,  1857.  Rev. 
George  E.  Allen,  B.  U.  1850,  was  installed  May  20,  1858,  and 
resigned  July  12, 1861.  After  a  series  of  discouragements,  by  ad- 
vice of  a  council,  the  church  was  disbanded  Oct.  3, 1865,  and  many 
of  its  members  united  with  the  Pilgrim  Church,  then  worship- 
ping in  Stearns  Chapel  on  Harvard  Street,  to  which  church  they 
contributed  more  than  twelve  hundred  dollars  (the  residue  of  their 
funds),  to  aid  in  defraying  the  cost  of  the  new  meeting-house  on 
the  northerly  corner  of  Magazine  and  Cottage  streets.  The 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY. 


327 


church  edifice  which  had  been  the  scene  of  many  joys  and  many 
sorrows,  was  sold,  and  was  soon  afterwards  utterly  consumed  by 
fire,  Sept.  6, 1865. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

David  McClure     .    >*".- 

Dec.  12,  1843 

Died 

Jan.  20,  1852 

Dexter  Fairbanks     . 

Dec.  12,  1843 

Dismissed 

Feb.  2,  1849 

Enos  H.  Baxter   . 

April  28,  1846 

Dismissed 

July  27,  1855 

Francis  Hunt  .     .     . 

Jan.  18,  1850 

Dismissed 

May  9,  1854 

Josiah  H.  Rugg   .    y_ 

Jan.  18,  1850 

Removed  from 

the  city 

Willard  Sears  .     .     . 

Jan.  8,  1855 

Dismissed 

1857 

George  W.  Wyatt    '. 

Sept.  18,  1857 

Resigned 

June  8,  1860 

Lyman  G.  Case    .     . 

Sept.  18,  1857 

Oct.  3,  1865 

Curtis  C.  Nichols  .     . 

Sept.  18,  1857 

Oct.  3,  1865 

Baxter  E.  Perry  .     . 

Feb.  6,  1860 

Resigned 

Jan.  14,  1861 

Edward  Kendall  .     . 

Jan.  14,  1861 

Oct.  3,  1865 

The  four  deacons  who  were  "  dismissed"  had  previously  re- 
moved from  the  city. 

EVANGELICAL,  EAST  CAMBIIDGE.  —  The  Evangelical  Church 
at  East  Cambridge  was  organized  Sept.  8,  1842.  In  the  course 
of  the  next  year  a  meeting-house  was  erected  at  the  northeasterly 
corner  of  Second  and  Thorndike  streets,  which  was  dedicated 
Sept.  13,  1843,  and  taken  down  for  removal  to  Somerville  in 
1876.  The  first  pastor  of  the  church  was  Rev.  Frederick  T. 
Perkins,  Y.  C.  1839,  who  was  ordained  Jan.  11,  1843,  and,  after 
a  longer  pastorate  than  has  hitherto  been  held  by  any  of  his 
successors,  resigned  May  26,  1851.  He  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
Joseph  L.  Bennett,  A.  C.  1845,  who  was  installed  July  1,  1852, 
and  resigned  Feb.  18, 1857.  Rev.  Richard  G.  Green  was  installed 
March  31,  1858,  resigned  Sept.  17,  1860,  and  was  succeeded  by 
Rev.  William  W.  Parker,  who  was  installed  April  3,  1861,  and 
resigned  March  22,  1864.  Rev.  Nathaniel  Mighill,  A.  C.  1860, 
was  ordained  Sept.  29,  1864,  and  resigned  Sept.  24,  1867.  Rev. 
H.  R.  Timlow  was  the  acting  pastor  from  Oct.,  1867,  to  March 
31,  1870 ;  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Samuel  Bell,  who  was  in- 
stalled Nov.  1,  1870,  and  resigned  May  29,  1872.  Rev.  D.  W. 
Kilburn  supplied  the  pulpit  from  Sept.  1,  1873,  to  Sept.  1,  1874. 
The  church  is  at  present  destitute  of  a  pastor. 


328 


HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 


DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Remarks. 

John  Whipple  .     .     . 
I.  T.  Winchester  .     . 
Lyman  Morse  .     . 
John  B.  Taylor    .     . 
George  N.  Bliss  .     . 
Wm.  H.  Pettingell    . 

Oct.  7,  1842 
Feb.  29,  1848 
May  4,  1849 
April  11,  1851 
April  24,  1857 
Sept.  2,  1869. 

Kemoved  from  the  City. 
Removed  from  the  City. 
Removed  from  the  City. 

Removed  from  the  City  . 

SAINT  PETER'S  CHURCH  (EPISCOPAL). — The  Parish  of  St. 
Peter's  Church  was  organized  at  a  meeting  held  Oct.  27,  1842. 
Religious  services  were  held  in  the  Town  Hall  until  the  comple- 
tion of  the  church,  which  was  commenced  in  1843,  and  conse- 
crated Jan.  31,  1844.  This  church  was  erected  on  the  easterly 
side  of  Prospect  Street,  between  Harvard  and  Austin  streets. 
and  was  constructed  of  wood,  with  seats  for  two  hundred  and 
twenty  persons.  It  was  afterwards  converted  into  a  block  of  two 
dwelling-houses.  In  1864  the  foundation  was  laid  of  a  much 
larger  church,  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Main  and  Vernon  streets ; 
services  were  held  in  the  Sabbath-school  room  as  early  as  Sept.  1, 
1866  ;  the  whole  house  was  completed  in  Dec.  1867,  and  was 
consecrated  Oct.  2,  1873.  The  several  Rectors  of  the  Church 
have  been  as  follows :  Rev.  Darius-Richmond  Brewer,  from 
Dec.  4,  1842,  to  June  9,  1844 ;  Rev.  Edmund-Farwell  Slafter, 
D.  C.  1840,  from  July  21,  1844,  to  Sept.  30,  1846 ;  Rev.  Moses- 
Payson  Stickney,  from  June  1,  1847,  to  April  7,  1851  ;  Rev. 
William-Putnam  Page,  from  Aug.  1851,  to  April  26,  1863 ;  Rev. 
Charles  Seymour,  from  Sept.  23,  1863,  to  March  31,  1866 ;  Rev. 
Edwin-Bailey  Chase,  from  Aug.  1,  1866,  to  Oct.  1,  1874,  who 
died  May  6,  1875.  Rev.  Edward  M.  Gushee,  B.  U.  1858,  be- 
came Rector  at  Easter,  1875.1 

The  Wardens  have  been  as  follows :  — 


1842,  Simon  Greenleaf, 

1843-1844,  Isaac  Lum, 
1845-1846,  Isaac  Lum, 
1847-1848,  Isaac  Lum, 
1849,  Isaac  Lum, 


1850, 


G.  F.  R.  Wadleigh. 
G.  F.  R.  Wadleigh. 
John  Dallinger. 
Charles  S.  Newell. 
John  Dallinger. 


Stephen  P.  Greenwood,  Benjamin  H.  Ordway. 


1  With  the  exception  of  the  Reverend    grade  of  the  several  Rectors  is  unknown 
Messrs.  Slafter  and  Gushee,  the  College     to  the  writer  of  this  history. 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  329 

1851,  Stephen  P.  Greenwood,  Bela  F.  Jacobs. 

1852,  Isaac  Lum,  Asa  P.  Morse. 

1853,  Benjamin  Woodward,  Asa  P.  Morse. 
1854-1855,  Luther  Crane,  Asa  P.  Morse. 

1856,  Isaac  Lum,  Ethan  Earle. 

1857,  Swain  Winkley,  John  K.  Palmer,  M.  D. 

1858,  Goodrich  M.  Dayton,  William  Page. 

1859,  Goodrich  M.  Dayton,  Asa  P.  Morse. 

1860,  Goodrich  M.  Dayton,  Francis  Dana,  M.  D. 

1861,  Asa  P.  Morse,  Justin  A.  Jacobs. 

1862,  William  D.  Robinson,  Humphrey  P.  Caldvvell. 
1863-1864,  James  H.  Hallett,  Humphrey  P.  Caldwell. 
1865,             James  H.  Hallett,  William  Whitman. 
1866-1876,  Edward  R.  Cogswell,  M.  D.,    William  W.  Dallinger. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH.  —  The  parish  of  St.  John's  Church  was 
organized  by  Rev.  John  B.  Fitzpatrick ;  and  the  church  on  the 
easterly  side  of  Fourth  Street,  between  Otis  and  Cambridge 
streets,  was  erected  in  1841,  and  dedicated  in  1842.  Mr.  Fitz- 
patrick was  the  first  pastor ;  he  was  afterwards  Bishop  of  the 
diocese  of  Massachusetts.  He  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from 
Harvard  College,  1861,  and  died  in  Boston  Feb.  13,  1866,  aged 
53  years.  He  was  succeeded  in  1848  by  Rev.  Manasses  P.  Dough- 
erty, who  may  be  regarded  as  the  Apostle  of  the  Catholic  Church 
in  Cambridge,  inasmuch  as  he  has  organized  three  parishes,  in 
addition  to  that  of  which  he  was  originally  pastor.  His  succes- 
sors in  the  pastorship  of  St.  John's  Church  were  Rev.  George 
T.  Riordan  ;  Rev.  Lawrence  Carroll ;  Rev.  Francis  X.  Brannagan, 
who  died  in  office,  June  25,  1861,  aged  29  years ;  Rev.  John  W. 
Donahoe,  who  also  died  in  office,  March  5,  1873,  aged  45  years  ; 
and  Rev.  John  O'Brien,  the  present  incumbent.  All  these  cler- 
gymen are  supposed  to  have  been  liberally  educated ;  but  the  par- 
ticulars are  not  ascertained. 

HARVARD  STREET  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL.  —  A  class  of  six 
members  was  formed  in  1831,  whose  leader  was  James  Luke, 
who  still  survives.  In  1835,  this  class,  which  had  hitherto  met 
in  or  near  Harvard  Square,  and  had  lost  some  of  its  members,  by 
removal  from  the  town,  was  established  in  Cambridgeport,  and  by 
new  accessions  consisted  of  seven  members,  under  the  leadership 
of  Samuel  Stevens,  who  died  July  2,  1876.  From  this  small  be- 
ginning, the  Harvard  Street  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  has  be- 
come one  of  the  most  vigorous  and  active  religious  organizations 


330  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

in  the  city.  Meetings  for  public  worship  were  held  first  in  the 
"  Fisk  Block,"  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Main  and  Cherry  streets, 
and  afterwards  in  the  Town  House,  on  the  southwesterly  corner 
of  Harvard  and  Norfolk  streets,  where  St.  Mary's  Church  now 
stands.  "  In  1842,  a  wooden  church,  40  by  60  ft.  was  erected 
at  an  expense  of  about  $6,000,  which  was  lengthened  in  1851, 
twenty  feet,  increasing  its  value  to  $9,000.  This  edifice  was 
burnt  Nov.  26,  1857.  A  new  church  of  wood,  60  by  80  ft.,  was 
immediately  erected  at  an  expense  of  $17,000,  and  dedicated  Oct. 
13,  1858.  This  house  was  burnt  March  15, 1861,  and  the  present 
edifice,  a  brick  structure  61|  by  96^  ft.  extreme  length,  was  ded- 
icated Nov.  19,  1862. "*  This  house,  like  its  predecessors,  was 
built  on  Harvard  Street,  opposite  to  Essex  Street.  It  has  a 
spacious  and  commodious  vestry  on  the  ground  floor,  the  audi- 
ence room  being  approached  by  an  easy  flight  of  stairs. 

"The  church  appears  in  the  Minutes  for  the  first  time  in  1841, 
when  the  first  appointment  was  made."  The  preachers  in  charge, 
according  to  the  Discipline  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church, 
were  appointed  at  the  Conferences  holden  in  the  years  hereunder 
named :  — 

1841,  1842,  Rev.  Leonard  B.  Griffing. 

1843,  1844,  Rev.  Isaac  A.  Savage,  W.  U.  1841.     Died  16  Feb.  1854. 

1845,  Rev.  Mark  Trafton. 

1846,  Rev.  John  Clark.     Died  19  Oct.  1849. 

1847,  1848,  Rev.  I.  J.  P.  Collyer.     Died  7  May,  1872. 
1849,  1850,  Rev.  A.  D.  Merrill. 

1851,  1852,  Rev.  Charles  Adams. 

1853,  1854,  Rev.  I.  J.  P.  Collyer.     Died  7  May,  1872. 

1855,  Rev.  C.  S.  McReading.     Died  11  April,  1866. 

1856,  Rev.  Moses  A.  Howe.     Died  27  Jan.  1861. 

1  The  corner-stone  of  this  church  was  lions.      Especially   he   prayed   that    the 

laid  in  masonic  form,  June  12,  1861,  by  Masons  present  might  be  blessed  for  the 

the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts.    A  respect  which  they  were  showing  to  Relig- 

very  characteristic  prayer  was  offered  by  ion,  and  that  the  members  of  the  church 

Rev.  Edward  T.  Taylor,  who  was  clad  in  might  receive  an  abundant  spiritual  re- 

the   appropriate   costume    of    a    Knight  ward  for  their  steadfastness  in  the  midst 

Templar.     Kneeling  on  the  foundation  of  trials  as  by  fire,  and  for  their  generous 

stone,   and    brushing    away   the    carpet  contributions   to  defray  the  expense   of 

which   had  been   spread   to  protect   his  erecting   this    third    house    of   worship, 

knees  from  its  hard  and  sharp  protuber-  "  Two  churches,  0  Lord,"  said  he,   "  for- 

ances,  he  poured  forth  his  fervent  thanks  merly  standing  on  this  spot,  have  been 

and  supplications  on  behalf  of  Christian-  destroyed  by  the  hand  of  the  incendiary, 

ity    and    Freemasonry,    Christians   and  or   by   carelessness,  which  is  as  bad  as 

Masons,  the  Church  and  the  Grand  Lodge,  an  incendiary." 
alternately,  and  in  about  equal   propor- 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  331 

1857,  1858,  Rev.  Isaac  Smith.  Died  16  July,  1860. 

1859,  1860,  Rev.  Gilbert  Haven,  W.  U.  1846.     Elected  Bishop,  1872. 

1861,  1862,  Rev.  Edward  Cooke,  W.  U.  1838,  D.  D.  (H.  C.)  1855. 

1863,  1864,  Rev.  Lorenzo  R.  Thayer,  W.  U.  1841,  D.  D.  1863. 

1865-1867,  Rev.  Henry  W.  Warren,  W.  U.  1853. 

1868,  1869,  Rev.  Nelson  Stutson.     Died  16  April,  1871. 

1870,  1871,  Rev.  Ira  G.  Bidwell. 

1872,  1873,  Rev.  Andrew  McKeown. 

1874-1876,  Rev.  Melville  B.  Chapman. 

[For  most  of  the  statistics  concerning  this  church  I  am  in- 
debted to  its  Secretary,  Mr.  Samuel  L.  Ward.] 

OLD  CAMBEIDGE  BAPTIST.  —  The  Old  Cambridge  Baptist 
Church  was  organized  Aug.  20,  1844,  and  was  publicly  recog- 
nized Oct.  23,  1845.  Eighty-three  members  of  the  church  were 
formerly  members  of  the  First  Baptist  Church,  and  a  large  num- 
ber of  the  society  and  congregation  had  worshipped  with  them  in 
Cambridgeport.  Their  first  meeting-house  was  a  wooden  struc- 
ture, which  was  erected  on  the  corner  of  Kirkland  Street  and 
Holmes  Place,  and  was  dedicated  Oct.  23,  1845.  This  house 
was  sold,  Oct.  23,  1866,  to  what  is  now  known  as  the  North 
Avenue  Congregational  Society,  and  was  removed  bodily,  with- 
out even  disturbing  the  steeple,  to  the  southerly  corner  of  North 
Avenue  and  Roseland  Street,  where  it  now  stands.  The  con- 
gregation worshipped  for  the  next  few  years,  partly  in  the  meet- 
ing-house of  the  Shepard  Congregational  Society,  generously 
offered  for  their  use,  and  partly  in  Lyceum  Hall.  Meantime 
arrangements  were  made,  and  contributions  on  a  magnificent 
scale  were  offered,  for  the  erection  of  a  new  meeting-house. 
The  effort  was  successful,  and  the  spacious  stone  edifice,  extend- 
ing from  Main  Street  to  Harvard  Street,  opposite  to  Prescott 
Street,  was  dedicated  Sept.  29,  1870. 

The  first  pastor  was  Rev.  Ezekiel  G.  Robinson,  B.  U. 
1838,  D.  D.  1853,  LL.  D.  18T2,  who  was  installed  Oct.  23, 
1845,  the  day  on  which  the  church  was  recognized  and  the  first 
meeting-house  was  dedicated.  He  resigned  Sept.  13,  1846,  and 
became  Professor  of  Theology  at  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  after- 
wards President  of  Brown  University.  His  successor  was  Rev. 
Benjamin  I.  Lane,  who  was  installed  Dec.  30,  1846,  and  re- 
signed March  8,  1849.  The  next  pastor  was  Rev.  John  Pry  or, 
who  had  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  at  King's  College,  N.  S., 
and  was  installed  March  25,  1850.  He  resigned  July  26,  1861, 


332 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Cortland  W.  Anable,  who  was  in- 
stalled June  21, 1863,  and  resigned  Oct.  27,  1871,  having  received 
the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Madison  University  during  his  ministry 
here.  The  present  pastor  is  Rev.  Franklin  Johnson,  D.  D.,  who 
was  installed  Dec.  31,  1873. 


DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Died. 

Age. 

William  Brown  . 
Josiah  Coolidge  .     .     . 
John  B.  Dana      .     . 
Wm.  T.  Richardson  .     . 

Sept.  2,  1844 
Sept.  2,  1844 
Sept.  2,  1844 
March  30,  1862 

June  24,  1861 
Sept.  13,  1874 

75 

87 

LEE  STREET.  —  The  Lee  Street  Society  was  organized  in  1846. 
Most  of  its  original  members,  together  with  its  first  pastor,  had 
been  connected  with  the  Cambridgeport  Parish.  Their  first 
meeting-house,  on  the  westerly  side  of  Lee  Street,  near  Harvard 
Street,  was  dedicated  March  25,  1847,  and  was  consumed  by  fire 
May  20,  1855.  A  new  edifice  was  immediately  erected  on  the 
same  lot,  which  was  dedicated  Jan.  23,  1856.  The  church  was 
organized  April  9,  1847.  Its  first  pastor  was  Rev.  Artemas  B. 
Muzzey,  who  had  for  twelve  years  previously  been  pastor  of  the 
Cambridgeport  Parish.  His  pastorate  here  commenced  Sept.  7, 
1846,  and  continued  until  Feb.  20,  1854,  when  his  resignation 
was  accepted.  He  was  installed  at  Concord,  N.  H.,  March  29, 
1854 ;  but  after  a  pastorate  of  several  years  returned  to  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  now  resides,  preaching  statedly  at  Chestnut 
Hill.  His  successor  was  Rev.  Henry  R.  Harrington,  H.  C.,  1834, 
who  was  ordained  1842,  installed  here  Feb.  11,  1855,  and  re- 
signed April  1,  1865.  He  has  since  been  a  successful  superin- 
tendent of  public  schools  ia  New  Bedford.  He  was  succeeded 
by  Rev.  Abram  W.  Stevens,  a  graduate  of  the  Meadville  Divinity 
School,  who  was  ordained  1862,  preached  three  years  in  Man- 
chester, N.  H.,  was  installed  Nov.  26,  1865,  and  closed  his  minis- 
try here  Nov.  1,  1870.  The  present  pastor,  Rev.  John  P. 
Bland,  a  graduate  of  the  Cambridge  Divinity  School,  1871,  was 
ordained  Sept.  6,  1871. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  333 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Died. 

Ezra  Dean    ...... 

April  9,  1847 

Aug.  8,  1858 

Peter  Mackintosh  .     . 
Eben  Snow  ...... 

April  9,  1847 
April  27,  1847 

July  28,  1848 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH  (CATHOLIC).  —  The  Parish  of  St. 
Peter's  Church  was  organized  in  January  1849,  by  Rev.  Ma- 
nasses  P.  Dougherty,  who  still  remains  its  faithful  and  beloved 
pastor.  For  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  he  has  done  much 
to  promote  the  growth  and  prosperity  of  his  church.  He  has 
been  actively  engaged  in  the  organization  of  all  the  Catholic 
parishes  in  the  city,  except  St.  John's  ;  and  of  this  he  was  the 
second  pastor.  St.  Peter's  Church  edifice,  on  the  southerly  side 
of  Concord  Avenue,  near  the  Observatory,  was  erected  in  1848, 
and  dedicated  in  May,  1849. 

THIRD  UNIVERSALIST.  —  A  Unitarian  Society  was  organized 
Oct.  8,  1851,  in  North  Cambridge  (including  several  families 
residing  in  Somerville),  under  the  name  of  the  "  Allen  Street 
Congregational  Society."  The  corner-stone  of  a  meeting-house 
for  its  use  had  been  laid  a  fortnight  previously,  Sept.  25,  1851, 
on  a  lot  furnished  for  that  purpose  by  Mr.  Walter  M.  Allen,  at 
the  southeast  corner  of  Allen  and  Orchard  streets.  This  edifice 
was  constructed  of  wood,  "  was  finished  Feb.  2,  1853,"  and  was 
totally  destroyed,  March  19,  1865,  by  a  fire  which  also  consumed 
many  other  buildings.  Another  meeting-house,  also  of  wood, 
was  immediately  erected  on  the  same  spot ;  it  "  was  completed 
Dec.  21,  1865,"  and  was  afterwards  enlarged.  The  corner-stone 
of  a  more  spacious  edifice  was  laid  Oct.  23,  1875,  on  the  south- 
westerly side  of  North  Avenue  and  fronting  on  Union  Square  ; 
constructed  of  brick,  67  by  85  feet,  and  containing  154  pews  ; 
this  house  was  dedicated  Sept.  14,  1876. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  society,  Oct.  17,  1869,  it  was  voted,  "  that 
the  Allen  Street  Congregational  society  be,  and  the  same  is, 
hereby  united  with  the  Religious  Societies  of  the  Universalist 
Denomination  of  Christians."  The  society  voted,  June  29, 1870, 
to  ask  the  formal  fellowship  of  the  Massachusetts  Convention  of 
Universalists,  which  was  granted  ;  and  by  an  Act  of  the  General 


334  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Court,  approved  March  27,  1874,  its  corporate  name  was  changed 
to  the  "  Third  Universalist  Society  in  Cambridge." 

The  first  pastor  of  this  parish  and  church  was  Rev.  James 
Thurston,  H.  C.  1829,  who  was  installed  June  14,  1853,  and 
resigned  July  5,  1854.  Rev.  Caleb  Davis  Bradlee,  H.  C.  1852, 
was  ordained  Dec.  11,  1854,  resigned  the  pastorship  June  28, 
1857,  and  soon  afterwards  took  charge  of  a  parish  in  Boston. 
Rev.  John  M.  Marsters,  H.  C.  1847,  formerly  of  Woburn,  was 
installed  April  25,  1858,  resigned  April  7,  1862,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded, on  the  first  of  the  next  September,  by  Rev.  Frederick  W. 
Holland,  H.  C.  1831,  formerly  pastor  of  the  Third  Congregational 
Society  at  East  Cambridge,  who  retained  his  charge  somewhat 
more  than  two  years,  when  he  resigned,  and  Mr.  Marsters  re- 
sumed the  pastorate  Feb.  10,  1865,  and  held  it  until  Sept.  26, 
1867,  after  which  time,  for  more  than  a  year,  the  pulpit  was 
"  supplied  by  various  and  numerous  preachers."  Mr.  Charles  E. 
Fay,  T.  C.  1868,  was  invited,  Dec.  10,  1868,  to  become  pastor ; 
he  preached  statedly  about  a  year,  when,  not  having  been 
ordained,  he  accepted  a  professorship  in  Tufts  College,  and  dis- 
continued his  ministry.  Rev.  William  A.  Start,  T.  C.  1862, 
was  ordained  at  Groton  Junction  (now  Ayer),  Sept.  24,  1862, 
and  was  installed  here,  April  10,  1870,  having  previously  been 
pastor  of  the  societies  at  Ayer  and  at  Marlborough.  "  Under 
his  ministry,  the  church  building  was  enlarged,  and  the  society 
greatly  increased  in  numbers  and  strength."  1  He  resigned  Jan. 
1,  1874,  and  removed  to  Chicago,  but  returned  before  the  end  of 
the  year  and  was  installed  pastor  of  the  Universalist  Church  at 
Melrose,  March  7,  1875.  Rev.  Isaac  M.  Atwood  was  ordained 
at  Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  15,  1860,  and  commenced  his 
pastorship  here  on  the  first  Sabbath  in  April,  1874,  having  previ- 
ously held  the  like  office  at  Clifton  Springs,  Portland,  Me., 
North  Bridgewater  (now  Brockton),  and  Chelsea.  He  received 
the  degree  of  A.  M.  from  St.  Lawr.  Univ.,  1869. 

NORTH  CAMBRIDGE  BAPTIST.  —  In  1846,  a  Sabbath-school  was 
established  in  North  Cambridge,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Bap- 
tists. For  a  time  it  had  permission  from  the  City  Council  to  meet 
in  the  Winthrop  School-house;2  but  in  1852  this  privilege  was 

1  MS.  letter  from  Jabez   A.  Sawyer,  hereby,  grant  the  use  of  the  lower  room 

Esq.,  from  which  are  derived  many  statis-  in  the  school-house  in  the  north  district 

tics  in  this  sketch.  of  Ward  One,  for  the  purpose  of  holding 

"  Cambridge,  Sept.  26,  1846.    By  the  a  Sabbath  School,  until  otherwise  ordered, 
authority  vested  in  me  by  a  vote  of  the  JAMES  D.  GREEN,  Mayor." 

City   Council,  passed   Sept.   22,  1846,  I 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  3S5 

suddenly  and  unceremoniously  withdrawn  by  the  School  Com- 
mittee.1 The  friends  of  the  school  thereupon  hired  a  lot  of  the 
city,  near  the  school-house,  and  erected  "  a  neat  and  commodious 
chapel, — at  a  cost,  including  furnishing,  of  $1,411.81,"  2  which 
was  dedicated  Oct.  31,  1852,  and  was  called  "  Our  Sabbath 
Home."  Religious  meetings  were  held  in  the  chapel  on  Thursday 
evenings,  through  the  winter.  In  May,  18-53,  regular  sabbath 
services  were  established,  and  Rev.  Alexander  M.  Averill,  a 
graduate  of  the  Newton  Theological  Institution,  soon  became  the 
"stated  preacher."  A  meeting-house  was  erected  in  1854,  on  the 
northwesterly  side  of  Coggswell  Avenue,  near  North  Avenue, 
which  was  dedicated  Feb.  15,  1855.  The  Sabbath-school  chapel 
was  soon  afterwards  removed,  and  connected  with  the  new  meet- 
ing-house ;  ten  years  later  the  house  was  greatly  enlarged  and 
beautified,  and  was  reopened  on  the  nineteenth  anniversary  of 
the  school.  The  church  was  organized  in  March,  1854,  and  was 
publicly  recognized  on  the  6th  of  the  following  April.  Rev.  Mr. 
Averill  continued  to  hold  the  office  of  pastor  until  October,  1859. 
Rev.  Joseph  A.  Goodhue,  D.  C.  1848,  was  elected  to  the  pastor- 
ate in  July,  1862,  which  he  resigned  in  July,  1864,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Rev.  Joseph  Colver  Wightman,  B.  U.  1852,  who  was 
elected  in  February,  1866,  and  resigned  in  March,  1868.  The 
present  pastor  is  Rev.  William  S.  Apsey,  Madison  Univ.  1861, 
who  commenced  his  pastoral  duties  here  in  October,  1868. 

This  church  has  no  officers  bearing  the  name  of  deacons ;  but 
the  duties  ordinarily  performed  by  such  officers  are  assigned  to  a 
"  standing  committee,"  consisting  of  four  members,  elected  an- 
nually. "  Upon  this  committee  brethren  Henry  R.  Glover  and 
Chester  W.  Kingsley  have  regularly  served  since  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  church ;  different  members  have  completed  the  num- 
ber."3 

NORTH  AVENUE  CONGREGATIONAL.  —  In  September,  1857,  a 
religious  society  was  organized  in  North  Cambridge,  under  the 
name  of  the  "  Holmes  Congregational  Society,"  which  name 
was  changed,  about  ten  years  afterwards,  to  "  North  Avenue 
Congregational  Society."  Its  first  place  of  worship  was  an 
edifice  of  moderate  size,  called  "  Holmes  Chapel,"  which  was 

1  "CAMBRIDGE, Sunday, July  18, 1852.  service  after  this  day.     N.WILKINSON, 
To  the  members  of  the  Sabbath   School  Sub-School  Committee,  Ward  One." 
held   in   the  Winthrop   school-house:    I  2  Memorial  of  the  North  Avenue  Sab- 
am  directed  to  inform  you  that  the  room  bath  School,  p.  21. 
now  occupied  by  you  will  not  be  at  your  8  MS.  letter  from  Warren  Sanger,  Esq. 


336  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

dedicated  Sept.  17, 1857.  After  a  few  years  this  house  was  found 
to  be  too  small  for  the  congregation,  and  was  sold  (it  is  now 
owned  and  occupied  by  the  Methodist  Society  on  North  Avenue). 
The  Holmes  Society  bought  of  the  Baptists,  Oct.  23,  1866,  their 
meeting-house  which  stood  at  the  corner  of  Kirkland  Street  and 
Holmes  Place,  which  was  removed  bodily  to  its  present  location 
on  the  southerly  corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Roseland  Street, 
and  was  dedicated  Sept.  29,  1867.  "  The  succeeding  four  years 
found  this  house  too  small,  when  it  was  enlarged  by  adding  chan- 
cel and  transepts,  and  otherwise  remodelling  the  house,  giving  it 
its  present  seating  capacity  of  1,040."  The  house,  thus  improved, 
was  rededicated  Dec.  15,  1872. 

The  church,  now  known  as  the  North  Avenue  Congregational 
Church,  was  organized  Sept.  23,  1857,  under  the  auspices  of  an 
ecclesiastical  council  duly  convened  ;  it  consisted  originally  of 
forty-three  members.  The  first  pastor  of  this  church  was  Rev. 
William  Carruthers,  Bowd.  Coll.  1853,  who  was  installed  Jan. 
2,  1861,  and  was  dismissed  Feb.  21,  1866.  Rev.  David  O. 
Mears,  born  in  Essex,  Feb.  22,  1842,  A.  C.  1865,  was  ordained 
and  installed  Oct.  2,  1867,  under  whose  ministry  "-the  growth  of 
the  church  and  congregation  has  been  rapid  and  substantial." 
The  following  named  persons  have  served  this  church  as  Dea- 
cons :  — 

John  Harmon,  Daniel  Fobes, 

Samuel  Chadwick,  H.  D.  Sweetser, 

F.  E.  Whitcomb,  Henry  M.  Bird, 

James  R.  Morse,  Wm.  Fox  Richardson, 

William  P.  Hayward,  Frank  Foxcroft. 

PILGRIM  CONGREGATIONAL.  —  In  1852,  a  mission  Sabbath- 
school  was  established  under  the  joint  direction  of  the  Baptist, 
Methodist,  and  two  Congregational  Churches  in  Cambridge. 
After  a  few  years  it  was  managed  solely  by  the  First  Evangelical 
Church.  In  1863,  a  chapel  was  erected  for  the  accommodation 
of  the  school,  and  as  a  missionary  station.1  It  was  soon  opened 
for  religious  services  two  evenings  in  the  week,  and  Rev.  William 
R.  Stone,  a  Methodist  clergyman,  who  was  at  that  time  city  mis- 
sionary, was  employed  to  preach  on  Sabbath  afternoons.  In 
1864,  Rev.  Edward  Abbott,  Univ.  of  the  City  of  New  York, 
1860,  was  invited  to  take  charge  of  this  mission,  with  the  hope 

1  This  edifice,  known  as  the  "  Stearns    of  Harvard   Street,  about  two  hundred 
Chapel,"  still  stands  on  the  northerly  side    feet  easterly  from  Windsor  Street. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  337 

of  organizing  a  permanent  congregation  and  church,  and  com- 
menced his  labors  Jan.  1,  1865.  A  church  was  organized  Nov. 
21,  1865,  under  the  name  of  the  Stearns  Chapel  Congregational 
Church,  and  Mr.  Abbott  was  installed  as  its  pastor.  "  Fifty-one 
persons  constituted  the  church  at  its  formation,  of  which  15  were 
males,  and  36  females.  Of  the  entire  number,  12  made  profes- 
sion of  their  faith  for  the  first  time,  and  39  brought  letters  from 
other  churches.  Of  the  latter,  18  came  from  the  First  Congre- 
gational Church,  17  from  the  Second  Congregational  Church 
(recently  disbanded),  and  the  remaining  4  from  different  and  dis- 
tant churches."  l  Mr.  Abbott  was  dismissed,  at  his  own  request, 
in  November,  1869  ;  he  became  assistant  editor  of  the  "  Con- 
gregationalist,"  published  several  books,  and  performed  other 
literary  work.  After  the  change  of  name  and  removal  of  this 
church,  Mr.  Abbott  returned  to  the  scene  of  his  former  labors, 
and  gathered  a  new  congregation,  out  of  which  the  present 
Chapel  Church  was  organized  in  October,  1872.  During  the  last 
few  years,  still  residing  here,  and  still  retaining  his  connection 
with  the  "  Congregationalist,"  he  has  been  connected  with  a  third 
missionary  enterprise  in  Belmont  and  Watertown,  near  Mount 
Auburn,  which  has  proved  so  successful  that  a  chapel  has  been 
erected,  and  the  organization  of  a  church  is  anticipated. 

Rev.  George  R.  Leavitt,  W.  C.  1860,  was  installed  as  pastor 
of  the  Chapel  Church,  May  4,  1870.  The  chapel,  though  en- 
larged in  1867,  was  still  too  small  for  the  congregation ;  and  a 
much  more  spacious  edifice  was  erected  on  the  northwesterly  cor- 
ner of  Magazine  ^and  Cottage  streets,  at  a  cost  of  nearly  forty 
thousand  dollars ;  the  corner-stone  was  laid  May  13,  1871,  and 
the  house  was  dedicated  Jan.  4,  1872.  In  anticipation  of  removal 
to  a  new  meeting-house,  at  the  distance  of  about  a  mile  from 
"  Stearns  Chapel,"  and  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the  original 
name  would  not  properly  designate  the  church  after  its  removal, 
it  assumed  the  name  of  "The  Pilgrim  Congregational  Church," 
Feb.  27,  1871.  The  church  has  had  only  three  Deacons :  — 

John  N.  Meriam,  elected  Nov.  29,  1865. 
Edward  Kendall,  elected  Nov.  29,  1865. 
Lyman  G.  Case,  elected  1875. 

BROADWAY  BAPTIST.  —  A  Sabbath-school,  consisting  of  twen- 
ty-eight scholars  and  fifteen  teachers,  was  opened  Dec.  16,  1860, 
in  a  room  at  the  corner  of  Harvard  and  Clark  streets,  under  the 

1  Manual  and  Historical  Sketch  of  Steams  Chapel  Church. 
22 


338 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


patronage  of  the  First  Baptist  Church.  In  1861,  a  small  chapel 
was  erected  for  the  accommodation  of  the  school,  and  for  religious 
meetings,  on  the  southerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  about  two 
hundred  feet  easterly  from  Pine  Street.  The  school  held  its  first 
meeting  in  this  chapel  Jan.  12,  1862 ;  and  it  was  dedicated  as  a 
house  of  worship  Feb.  9,  1862.  This  chapel  was  afterwards  sold, 
and  removed  to  the  southeasterly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Essex 
streets,  where  it  was  occupied  by  a  school  under  the  direction  of 
the  Catholic  Church.  A  new  house  of  worship,  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  Sabbath-school  and  the  congregation  which  had 
been  gathered  in  connection  with  it,  was  erected  in  1866,  on  the 
southwesterly  corner  of  Broadway  and  Boardman  Street,  eighty  - 
six  feet  in  length  and  sixty-four  in  breadth,  which  was  dedicated 
Nov.  22, 1866.  Meantime,  Rev.  William  Howe,  Waterville  Col- 
lege, 1833,  formerly  pastor  of  the  Union  Church  in  Boston,  had 
been  engaged  by  the  First  Baptist  Church  as  a  missionary  at  this 
station.  He  commenced  his  labors  early  in  1863,  which  were  so 
successful  that  on  the  9th  of  May,  1865,  a  church  consisting  of 
fifty  members  was  constituted  under  the  name  of  "  The  Broad- 
way Baptist  Church,"  and  he  was  unanimously  elected  pastor. 
The  public  services  of  recognition  were  held  in  the  First  Baptist 
Church,  June  25,  1865.  Mr.  Howe  remained  pastor  until  July, 
1870,  when  he  resigned ;  he  continues  to  reside  in  Cambridge, 
and  performs  clerical  duties,  but  without  pastoral  charge.  The 
present  pastor  of  the  church,  the  Rev.  Henry  Hinckley,  H.  C. 
1860,  was  installed  Dec.  13,  1870  ;  he  had  previously  been  settled 
at  Winchester,  and  more  recently  at  Groveland,  Mass. 

DEACONS. 


Elected. 

Held  office  until 

Age. 

Ebenezer  Hovey    . 
Josiah  Sparrow 
Jacob  Eaton 

May,  1865 
May,  1865 
Dec.  1867 

Died 
Resigned 

March  25,  1866 
Nov.  1872 

65 

Simeon  Taylor  .     . 
Charles  L.  Fessendeii 

Dec.  1867 
Nov.  1872 

Resigned 

Oct.  1869 

FREE  CHURCH  OP  ST.  JAMES. —  The  Parish  of  St.  James, 
at  North  Cambridge,  was  organized  on  Christmas  day,  1864,  and 
from  that  time  divine  service  was  regularly  continued  under  the 
charge  of  Rev.  Andrew  Croswell,  B.  U.  1843,  who  was  elected 
Rector  at  Easter,  1865,  and  remained  in  that  office  until  Easter, 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY,  339 

1871,  when  the  failure  of  health  compelled  him  to  resign.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Rev.  William  H.  Fultz  (since  deposed),  whose 
connection  with  the  church  ceased  in  the  summer  of  1873.  Rev. 
Theodosius  S.  Tyng,  a  graduate  of  Kenyon  College,  1869,  and  of 
the  Episcopal  Theological  School,  Cambridge,  1874,  took  charge 
of  the  church  Oct.  1,  1873,  and  became  its  Rector  June  15,  1874. 
At  first,  divine  service  was  held  in  a  building  on  North  Avenue, 
which  was  erected  for  a  bank,  and  altered  into  a  chapel.  "  The 
present  church  building  stands  upon  Beech  Street,  on  a  lot  ac- 
quired by  the  parish  during  the  Rev.  Mr.  Croswell's  rectorship. 
It  was  presented  to  the  parish  by  Mrs.  Mary  L.  Greenleaf,  and 
consecrated  Dec.  21,  1871." l  The  following  named  persons 
have  served  the  church  as  Wardens  :  — 

1865-1870,  Joseph  H.  Rice,  George  A.  Meacham. 

1871-1872,  Joseph  H.  Rice,  George  Vincent. 

1872,  George  Vincent,2  James  M.  Barker. 

1873-1875,  James  M.  Barker,  George  H.  Mullin. 

1876,  James  M.  Barker,  Daniel  McNamara. 

METHODIST  EPISCOPAL.  —  The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church 
in  Old  Cambridge  was  organized  June  3,  1868  ;  and  on  the  same 
day,  their  chapel  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  between 
Holmes  Place  and  Waterhouse  Street,  was  dedicated.3  The 
preachers  in  charge  of  this  church  have  been  as  follows  :  — 

1868,  1869,  Rev.  Abraham  D.  Merrill  and  Rev.  James  Mudge, 
Wesl.  Univ.  1865.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Mudge  received  the  degree  of 
B.  D.  from  the  Bost.  Theol.  Sem.  1870  ;  was  transferred  to  the 
India  Conference  and  assigned  to  missionary  work,  in  1873,  and 
now  has  "charge  of  the  publishing  interests  of  the  M.  E. 
Church  "  in  India.  1870,  1871,  Rev.  Samuel  Jackson,  Wesl. 
Univ.  1859.  1872,  Rev.  Pliny  Wood.  In  1873,  Rev.  Mr. 
Wood  was  appointed  a  commissioner  to  the  National  Exposition 
at  Vienna,  and  died  there  of  cholera.  1873,  Rev.  James  Lan- 
sing, who  was  transferred  to  Nashville,  Tenn.,  before  the  expira- 
tion of  his  year,  and  his  place  here  was  supplied  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Beiler.  1874,  1875,  Rev.  David  K.  Merrill,  to  whom  I  am  in- 
debted for  some  of  the  foregoing  facts.  1876,  Rev.  Charles 
Young. 

1  MS.  letter  from  Rev.  T.  S.  Tyng.  Chapel,"  had  for  several  years  been  oc- 

2  Mr.  llice  died  July  28,  1872,  aged  71 ;  cupied    by  what    was    then    called    the 
and  thereupon  Mr.  Vincent  was  elected  "  Holmes  Congregational  Society,"  now 
Senior  Warden,  and  Mr.  Barker,  Junior  the  "  North  Avenue  Congregational  So- 
Warden.  ciety."    It  was  purchased  and  removed  to 

a  This  edifice,  formerly  called  "Holmes    its  present  locality  early  in  1868. 


340  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ST.  MARY'S  CHURCH.  —  The  parish  of  St.  Mary  s  Church  was 
organized  in  1866  by  Rev.  Manasses  P.  Dougherty,  who  per- 
formed the  duties  of  pastor,  in  connection  with  his  charge  of  St. 
Peter's  Church,  until  May,  1867,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  the 
present  pastor,  Rev.  Thomas  Scully,  who  had  previously  served 
his  country  as  Chaplain  of  the  Ninth  Regiment,  Massachusetts 
Volunteers,  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion.  The  corner-stone  of 
the  spacious  brick  church,  at  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Har- 
vard and  Norfolk  streets,  was  laid  July  15,  1866,  and  the  edifice 
was  dedicated  March  8,  1868.  The  congregation  is  larger  than 
any  other  in  Cambridgeport. 

ST.  JOHN'S  MEMORIAL  CHAPEL.  —  On  the  twenty-second  day 
of  January,  1867,  Mr.  Benjamin  T.  Reed,  of  Boston,  by  legal 
indenture,  placed  in  the  hands  of  trustees  one  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  towards  the  founding  and  endowing  of  an  Episcopal  The- 
ological School  in  Cambridge,  which  school  was  opened  in  the 
autumn  of  the  same  year.  "  In  the  year  1869,  Mr.  Robert  M. 
Mason  [of  Boston],  completed  and  presented  to  the  Trustees  the 
beautiful  edifice  of  St.  John's  Memorial  Chapel,  as  a  free  church 
for  the  permanent  use  of  the  students  of  the  school,  and  of  the 
congregation  which  might  be  gathered  there  as  worshippers.  This 
building,  with  its  fine  organ  and  other  furniture,  cost  its  generous 
donor  seventy-five  thousand  dollars."  1  The  congregation  is  not 
organized  as  a  parish,  nor  has  it  any  Rector  or  Wardens  ;  but  the 
Faculty  of  the  School  are  required  to  maintain,  permanently, 
public  worship  and  preaching  in  the  Chapel,  under  the  direction 
of  the  Dean  of  the  Faculty.  Rev.  John  S.  Stone,  D.  D.  was 
elected  Dean  at  the  organization  of  the  School  in  1867. 

CHAPEL  CONGREGATIONAL.  —  After  the  removal  of  the  Pil- 
grim Church,  in  January,  1872  (see  page  337),  a  mission  Sab- 
bath-school and  religious  services  on  the  Lord's  day  were  contin- 
ued at  Stearns  Chapel,  by  the  Rev.  Edward  Abbott,  the  former 
pastor  of  the  church.  A  new  church  was  organized  Oct.  16, 1872, 
under  the  name  of  "  Chapel  Congregational  Church,"  and  on  the 
same  day  the  Rev.  John  K.  Browne,  H.  C.  1869,  was  ordained 
and  installed  as  its  pastor.  At  his  request,  he  was  dismissed 
from  his  charge,  Sept.  16,  1875,  that  he  might  devote  himself  to 
the  foreign  missionary  service.  He  is  now  stationed  at  Har- 
poot,  in  Eastern  Turkey. 

1  A  Statement  by  the  Trustees,  etc.,  p.  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason 
14.  This  elegant  stone  edifice  stands  on  streets. 


ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  341 

Rev.  Robert  Beales  Hall,  W.  C.  1870,  who  had  preached  two 
years  at  Wolf  borough,  N.  H.,  was  installed  here  Dec.  28,  1875. 
His  ministry  was  acceptable,  and  gave  promise  of  abundant  suc- 
cess ;  but  it  was  terminated  by  what  seemed  to  be  a  premature 
death,  Nov.  2,  1876,  before  he  had  quite  attained  the  age  of 
thirty-one  years. 

DEACONS. 

H.  Porter  Smith,  elected  January,  1873. 
Henry  C.  Williams,  elected  January,  1873. 

COTTAGE  STREET  METHODIST  EPISCOPAL.  —  The  Cottage 
Street  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  —  the  outgrowth  of  a  Mis- 
sion Sabbath-school  enterprise  started  in  1870,  in  Williams 
Hall  —  was  organized  April  5,  1871.  It  consisted  of  seventeen 
members.  The  church  and  society  at  first  worshipped  in  Wil- 
liams Hall,  and  afterwards  in  Odd  Fellows  Hall.  In  1872  a 
convenient  chapel  was  erected,  which  was  dedicated  June  19th. 
By  the  erection  of  this  chapel,  the  Society  incurred  a  debt  of  four 
thousand  dollars,  in  addition  to  its  own  free  and  generous  con- 
tributions. One  of  its  original  members,  Mr.  Amos  P.  Rollins, 
who  died  March  9,  1873,  bequeathed  two  thousand  dollars  to- 
ward the  extinction  of  this  debt,  on  condition  that  the  society 
should  raise  an  equal  sum  within  three  years  of  his  death,  —  which 
condition  was  complied  with ;  but  the  estate  of  Mr.  Rollins 
yielded  to  the  society  little  more  than  half  the  original  bequest. 

The  several  preachers  in  charge  have  been  as  follows  :  — 

1871-1874,  Rev.  Isaac  F.  Row. 
1874-1875,  Rev.  W.  L.  Lockwood. 
1875-1877,  Rev.  Jarvis  A.  Ames. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH.  —  A  new  parish  was  organized  in  1874, 
by  Rev.  Manassqs  P.  Dougherty,  in  old  Cambridge,  under  the 
name  of  St.  Paul's  Church.  The  meeting-house  at  the  north- 
westerly corner  of  Mount  Auburn  and  Holyoke  streets,  erected 
in  1830  by  the  First  Church  in  connection  with  the  Shepard 
Congregational  Society,  was  purchased  for  the  use  of  this  new 
parish,  and  after  being  repaired  and  fitted  for  its  new  use,  was 
opened  for  Divine  service  Dec.  25,  1873.  Rev.  Mr.  Dougherty 
retained  the  pastoral  charge  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  as  well  as  of  St. 
Peter's,  until  Oct.  1,  1875,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rev. 
William  Orr,  the  present  pastor. 


342  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  SACRED  HEART.  —  On  the  fourth  day  of 
October,  1874,  the  corner-stone  Was  laid  of  an  edifice  to  be  called 
the  Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  on  the  southerly  side  of  Otis 
Street,  between  Sixth  -and  Seventh  streets.  It  is  to  be  con- 
structed of  stone,  150  feet  in  length  and  75  feet  in  width,  at  an 
estimated  cost  of  $80,000.  The  church  is  designed  to  seat  twelve 
hundred  persons.  The  basement  under  the  whole  building  is  to 
be  fitted  for  the  use  of  the  Sabbath-school  and  various  societies. 

ASCENSION  CHURCH.  —  Several  attempts  had  been  made,  at 
different  times,  to  establish  the  Episcopal  Church  in  East  Cam- 
bridge, but  without  success.  In  May,  1875,  Rev.  William  War- 
land,  a  native-born  son  of  Cambridge,  H.  C.  1832,  finding  several 
Episcopal  families  in  that  part  of  the  city,  offered  his  services  as 
a  missionary.  The  use  of  the  Unitarian  meeting-house,  on  the 
northwesterly  corner  of  Third  and  Thorndike  streets,  was  ob- 
tained, and  on  Whitsunday,  May  16,  1875,  worship  according  to 
the  ritual  of  the  Episcopal  Church  was  commenced,  ajid  it  has 
continued  thus  far  with  encouraging  prospect  of  success.  At  the 
close  of  the  first  year,  however,  in  May,  1876,  an  arrangement 
was  made  with  the  Second  Universalist  Society  for  a  joint  occu- 
pation of  their  church  on  Otis  Street ;  since  which  time  the 
Mission  has  a  morning  and  evening  service  in  that  edifice,  and 
the  Universalists  hold  their  regular  service  in  the  afternoon.  No 
Episcopal  parish  has  yet  been  organized,  nor  have  the  customary 
church  officers  been  elected. 

CHARLES  RIVER  BAPTIST.  —  The  history  of  this  church  is 
briefly  given  in  the  printed  order  of  services  at  its  recognition  : 
"  Meetings  for  prayer  held  in  1869  at  private  houses.  Sunday- 
school  commenced  April  3,  1870,  meeting  in  the  chambers  of 
house  No.  8,  Magazine  Court.  Chapel  dedicated  Nov.  29,  1870. 
Regular  preaching  services  commenced  in  July,  1874,  and  contin- 
ued to  the  present  time  in  'charge  of  J.  P.  Thorns,  Theo.  C. 
Gleason,  and  Rev.  G.  T.  Raymond."  The  chapel  is  a  neat  and 
convenient  edifice  of  wood,  78  feet  in  length  by  33  feet  in  width, 
capable  of  seating  300  persons,  and  standing  at  the  southeast 
corner  of  Magazine  Street  and  Putnam  Avenue  ;  it  was  erected 
in  1870,  at  an  expense  of  about  $8,500.  Until  recently  this  was 
substantially  a  missionary  station,  under  the  patronage  of  the 
First  Baptist  Church ;  but  on  the  25th  of  April,  1876,  a  new 
church  was  organized,  consisting  of  forty  members,  twenty -eight 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  343 

of  whom  had  previously  been  members  of  the  First  Church  ;  and 
on  the  8th  day  of  the  following  June,  it  was  publicly  recognized, 
and  received  into  the  fellowship  of  the  Baptist  churches.  Rev. 
Fenner  B.  Dickinson  was  installed  as  pastor  of  the  new  church 
Nov.  13,  1876,  and  commenced  his  ministry  under  very  favora- 
ble auspices. 

As  in  the  "  North  Cambridge  Baptist  Church,"  the  official 
duties,  ordinarily  assigned  to  Deacons,  are  performed  by  the 
"Standing  Committee"  of  this  church. 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

HEKESY   A2STD   WITCHCRAFT. 

AT  the  present  time,  almost  every  principal  sect  into  which 
the  Christian  Church  is  divided  has  its  representatives  in  Cam- 
bridge ;  and  the  introduction  of  a  new  sect  produces  compara- 
tively little  commotion.  But  in  the  beginning  it  was  not  so. 
For  a  few  years  after  the  settlement  of  New  England  by  the 
Puritans,  the  churches  had  rest ;  but  in  1636,  "  the  country  was 
miserably  distracted  by  a  storm  of  Antinomian  and  Fainalistical 
opinions  then  raised." J  So  violent  became  the  controversy,  and 
so  great  was  the  apparent  danger  of  civil  strife,  that  many  of  the 
heretical  party,  in  Boston,  Salem,  Newbury,  Roxbury,  Ipswich, 
and  Charlestown,  were  disarmed.2  The  Cambridge  church,  how- 
ever, seems  to  have  escaped  infection  ;  and  none  of  its  members 
were  included  among  the  disaffected  and  supposed  dangerous 

class.  "  The  vigilancy  of  Mr.  Shepard  was  blessed for 

the  preservation  of  his  own  congregation  from  the  rot  of  these 
opinions."3 

Nearly  twenty  years  later,  his  successor,  Mr.  Mitchell,  was 
sorely  tried  by  the  defection  of  President  Dunster  from  the 
established  faith,  as  related  in  chapter  xvi.  Great  excitement 
followed,  both  in  church  and  in  state  ;  and,  as  Dunster  would 
neither  renounce  nor  conceal  his  opposition  to  infant  baptism,  he 
was  removed  from  office  as  head  of  the  College  (designed  to 
be  the  school  of  the  prophets),  and  fell  under  censure  of  the 
civil  magistrates.  Both  consequences  were  natural,  and  appar- 
ently unavoidable.  The  governors  of  the  College  could  not 
reasonably  be  expected  to  retain  in  office  a  President  who  per- 
sisted in  teaching  what  they  regarded  as  "  damnable  heresy," 
and  thus  poisoning  the  minds  of  his  students,  and  unfitting  them 
to  become  preachers  of  the  truth ;  and  the  civil  magistrate  was 
bound  to  take  notice  of  open  violations  of  the  law.  It  does  not 

1  Mather's  Magnolia,  Book  iii.,  ch.  v.,        2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  211,  212. 
§12.  8  Magnalia,  ut  sup. 


HERESY  AND  WITCHCRAFT.  345 

appear,  however,  that  Dunster  had  many  adherents  in  his  op- 
position to  the  ordinances  of  the  church,  notwithstanding  the 
general  respect  entertained  for  his  scholarship,  and  the  warm 
affection  cherished  for  him  as  a  man.  Indeed,  it  is  doubtful 
whether  any  of  the  congregation  at  Cambridge  openly  avowed 
similar  sentiments,  except  his  kinsman  Benanuel  Bowers,1  and 
the  members  of  his  family.  The  Middlesex  County  Court  Rec- 
ords show  that,  on  the  19th  of  June,  1656,  "  Benanuel  Bower, 
being  presented  by  the  Grand  Jury  for  ordinary  absenting  him- 
self from  the  ordinance  of  baptism,  was  admonished  and  con- 
victed of  his  evil  therein  by  the  court."  2 

In  the  same  year,  1656,  "  an  accursed  and  pernicious  sect  of 
heretics  lately  risen  up  in  the  world  who  are  commonly  called 
Quakers  "  appeared  in  Boston.  Severe  measures  were  adopted 
for  their  suppression,  but  in  vain.  Neither  fines,  imprisonment, 
nor  scourging,  would  turn  them  aside  from  their  purpose ;  and 
they  even  submitted  to  death,  rather  than  to  depart,  or  to  forbear 
disturbing  the  public  peace.  "  Some  at  Salem,  Hampton,  New- 
bury,  and  other  places,  for  disorderly  behaviour,  putting  people 
in  terror,  coming  into  the  congregations  and  calling  to  the  minis- 
ter in  the  time  of  public  worship,  declaring  their  preaching,  &c., 
to  be  an  abomination  to  the  Lord,  and  other  breaches  of  the 
peace,  were  ordered  to  be  whipped  by  the  authority  of  the  county 
courts  or  particular  magistrates.  At  Boston  one  George  Wilson, 
and  at  Cambridge  Elizabeth  Horton,  went  crying  through  the 
streets  that  the  Lord  was  coining  with  fire  and  sword  to  plead 
with  them.  Thomas  Newhouse  went  into  the  meeting-house  at 
Boston  with  a  couple  of  glass  bottles  and  broke  them  before  the 
congregation,  and  threatened,  'thus  will  the  Lord  break  you  in 
pieces.'  Another  time  M.  Brewster  came  in  with  her  face 
smeared  and  black  as  a  coal.  Deborah  Wilson  went  through  the 
streets  of  Salem  naked  as  she  came  into  the  world,  for  which  she 
was  well  whipped.  For  these  and  such  like  disturbances  they 
might  be  deemed  proper  subjects  either  of  a  mad-house  or  house 
of  correction,  and  it  is  to  be  lamented  that  any  greater  severities 

1  Mr.  Bowers  married,  Dec.  9,   1653,  deed  of  twenty  acres  in  Charlestown,  now 
Elizabeth  Dunster,  whom  the  President,  Somerville,  adjoining  "  Cambridge  line," 
in  his  will,  styles  "  my  cousin  Bowers."  on  which  lot  he  probably  resided  during 

2  Up  to  this  time  Mr.  Bowers  had  re-  the  remainder  of  his  life ;  yet  in  almost 
resided  in  Cambridge,  near  the  junction  all  respects  his  relations  continued  to  be 
of  North  Avenue  and  Milk  Street.     Soon  more  intimate  with  Cambridge  than  with 
afterwards  he  received  from  his  father  a  Charlestown. 


346  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

were  made  use  of."  l  Some  of  these  events  are  painted  in  Quaker 
colors  by  George  Bishop,  in  a  work  entitled  "  New  England  judged 
by  the  Spirit  of  the  Lord."  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Eliakim  Wardel 
of  Hampton,  being  called  before  the  church  at  Newbury,  "  as  a 
sign  to  them  she  went  in  (though  it  was  exceeding  hard  to  her 
modest  and  shamefaced  disposition)  naked  amongst  them,  which 
put  them  into  such  a  rage,  instead  of  consideration,  that  they 
soon  laid  hands  on  her  and  to  the  next  court  at  Ipswich  had 
her  "  etc.2  For  this  offence  she  received  "  twenty  or  thirty  cruel 
stripes,  being  tyed  to  the  fence  post."  3  "  Amongst  the  rest,  one 
Deborah  Wilson,  who,  bearing  a  great  burthen  for  your  hard- 
heartedness  and  cruelty,  being  under  a  deep  sense  thereof,  was 
constrained,  being  a  young  woman  of  a  very  modest  and  retired 
life,  and  of  sober  conversation,  as  were  her  parents,  to  go  through 
your  town  of  Salem  naked,  as  a  sign  ;  which  she  having  in  part 
performed,  after  she  had  gone  through  some  part  thereof,  as  afore- 
said, she  was  soon  laid  hands  on,  and  brought  before  old  Hath- 
orne,  who  ordered  her  to  appear  at  the  next  Court  of  Salem,  at 
which  your  wicked  rulers  sentenced  her  to  be  whipped."4  "  After 
this  at  Cambridge,  as  she  [Elizabeth  Hooton,  called  Horton  by 
Hutchinson]  returned,  she  crying  Repentance  through  some  part 
of  that  town,  where  no  Friend  had  been  before  (as  she  heard  of) 
she  was  there  laid  hold  of  by  a  blood-thirsty  crew,  and  early  in 
the  morning  had  before  Thomas  Danfort  and  Daniel  Goggings, 
(two  wicked  and  bloody  magistrates  of  yours,  of  whom  I  have 
elsewhere  spoken,  and  their  wickedness),  who  committed  her, 
and  whose  jaylor  thrust  her  into  a  noisome,  stinking  dungeon, 
where  there  was  nothing  to  lie  down  or  sit  on,  and  kept  there 
two  days  and  two  nights,  without  helping  her  to  bread  or  water ; 
and  because  one  Benanuel  Bower  (a  tender  Friend)  brought  her 
a  little  milk  in  this  her  great  distress,  wherein  she  was  like  to 
have  perished,  they  cast  him  into  prison  for  entertaining  a  stran- 
ger, and  fined  him  five  pounds."  6  "  They  ordered  her  to  be  sent 
out  of  their  coasts  towards  Rhode  Island,  and  to  be  whipped  at 
three  towns,  ten  stripes  at  each,  by  the  way."  6  She  returned  to 
Cambridge,  was  imprisoned,  and  whipped  there  and  at  two  other 
towns,  as  before.  "  This  was  the  entertainment  they  received  at 
Cambridge,  (their  University  of  Wickedness),  and  from  Thomas 
Danfort  and  Daniel  Goggin,  magistrates,  who  (viz.  Goggin) 

1  Hutchinson's  Hist.  Mass.,  i.  203,  204.        6  Ibid.,  p.  383. 

2  New  England  judged,  etc.,  p.  376.  &  Ibid.,  p.  414. 
*  Ibid.,  p.  377.                                                   6  Uifi^  p>  415- 


HERESY   AND  WITCHCRAFT.  347 

desired  his  brother  Hathorne  to  send  some  Quakers  that  way, 
that  he  might  see  them  lashed,  as  is  mentioned  elsewhere  in  this 
treatise."  1 

"  Thomas  Danfort,  a  magistrate  of  Cambridge,  one  whose 
cruelties  were  exceeding  great  to  the  innocent,  mentioned  before ; 
he  laid  his  hand  on  Wenlock  Christison's  shoulder,  in  your  Gov- 
ernor's house  at  Boston,  and  said  to  him,  Wenlock,  I  am  a  mor- 
tal man,  and  die  I  must,  and  that  ere  long,  and  I  must  appear  at 
the  tribunal-seat  of  Christ,  and  must  give  an  account  for  my 
deeds  in  the  body  ;  and  I  believe  it  will  be  my  greatest  glory  in 
that  day,  that  I  have  given  my  vote  for  thee  to  be  soundly 
whipped  at  this  time."  2 

Making  due  allowance  for  extravagance  and  embellishment,  it 
appears  by  Bishop's  account,  that  no  Quaker  missionaries  visited 
Cambridge  before  1662  ; 3  that  when  they  did  appear,  Gookin  and 
Danforth  were  ready  to  enforce  the  law  against  them  ;  and  that 
Benanuel  Bowers,  who  had  formerly  suffered  as  a  Baptist,  had  be- 
come a  Quaker,  and  subject  to  fine  and  imprisonment.  His  wife, 
Elizabeth,  and  his  daughters  Barbara  and  Elizabeth,  shared  his 
faith  and  his  sufferings.4  At  the  County  Court,  October  6, 1663, 
"  Benanuel  Bowers  appearing  before  the  court,  and  being  con- 
victed of  absenting  himself  from  the  public  ordinances  of  Christ 
on  the  Lord's  days,  by  his  own  confession,  for  about  a  quarter  of 
a  year  past,  and  of  entertaining  Quakers  into  his  family  two 
several  times  ;  on  his  examination  he  affirmed  that  the  Spirit  of 
God  was  a  Christian  rule,  and  that  David  had  no  need  of  the 
word,  nor  never  contradicted  it,  and  that  he  speaks  of  no  other  law 
but  that  which  was  in  his  heart.  The  court  fined  him,  for  his 
absenting  himself  from  the  public  ordinances,  twenty  shillings ; 
and  for  twice  entertaining  the  Quakers,  four  pounds,  and  costs 
three  shillings  to  the  witnesses."  For  the  next  twenty  years  he 
was  called  to  account,  almost  every  year,  and  fined  for  the  ab- 
sence of  himself  and  his  wife  from  the  public  ordinances.5  Not- 
ably was  this  the  fact,  October  3,  1676,  when  he  was  fined  forty 

1  New  England  judged,  etc.,  p.  418.          ing  the  meeting-house  with  his  hat  oil  his 

2  Ibid.,  p.  467.  head  ;  in  1670,  for  saying  "I  dare  as  well 
8  The  date  1662  is  affixed  to  Elizabeth    come  to  an  Image  among  the  heathen  as 

Hooton's  first  visit  and  imprisonment,  by  to  your  worship  ;  "  in  1673  for  slandering 

Sewell,  in  his  History  of  the  Quakers,  p.  and  reviling  the  Court,  and  for  servile 

327.  labor  on  the  Lord's  Day;  and  in  1676, 

*  Sufferings  of  the  Quakers,  by  Joseph  for  "profane  and  wicked  cursing."  — 

Besse,  pp.  260-264.  County  Court  Records  and  Files. 

5  He  was  also  fined,  in  1666,  for  enter- 


348  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE.      • 

shillings  for  his  own  absence,  and  twenty  shillings  for  the  absence 
of  his  wife,  with  costs  of  court,  and  was  ordered  to  stand  com- 
mitted until  payment  should  be  made.  He  refused  to  pay,  and 
was  committed  to  prison,  where  he  remained  more  than  a  year ; 
during  which  time  he  offered  several  petitions  and  addresses  to 
the  Connty  Court  and  to  the  General  Court,  some  of  which  are 
yet  preserved  on  file,  and  refer  to  facts  which  do  not  else- 
where appear  on  record.  For  example  :  "  To  the  Court  now 
held  in  Cambridge.  I  have  been  kept  in  prison  this  six  months 
upon  account  of  my  not  attending  the  public  worship  of  God. 
I  desire  the  Court  to  consider  of  my  condition  and  the  condi- 
tion of  my  family ;  and  if  it  be  just  and  necessary  that  you 
should  relieve  us  in  this  case,  I  desire  you  to  do  it.  I  leave 
it  with  you  to  act  as  you  think  meet.  3  April,  1677.  BENAN- 
UELL  BOWER.  From  prison  in  Cambridge."  The  Court  re- 
plied :  "  The  Court  understands  that  you  are  imprisoned  for  not 
paying  a  fine  duly  imposed  upon  you  according  to  law  ;  and 
therefore  if  yourself  or  any  for  you  will  pay  it,  or  tender  goods  to 
the  officer  that  he  may  take  it,  you  may  be  discharged,  paying 
also  the  prison  charges  ;  which  is  all  the  favor  that  the  Court  can 
show  you." l  He  then  presented  to  the  higher  court  a  long  ad- 
dress, commencing  thus  :  "  To  the  General  Court,  whom  I  honor 
in  the  Lord,  and  whose  laws  I  am  bound  to  obey  by  doing  or  suf- 
fering for  conscience  sake,  and  that  not  of  constraint,  but  wil- 
lingly. I  am  kept  in  prison  this  eight  months,  because  I  refuse 
to  attend  the  publick  meetings  to  hear  the  ministers  preach  in 
order  to  the  public  worship  of  God,  or  pay  the  sum  of  three 
pounds  ten  shillings  according  to  law.  It  seems  if  I  will  either 
give  money  or  lie  constantly  in  prison,  I  may  be  left  to  my 
liberty  whether  I  will  worship  God  according  to  your  law  or  be  of 
any  use  in  the  Commonwealth,  contrary  to  the  law  in  nature,  —  a 
large  liberty  !  And  I  told  the  Court  then,  and  do  now  tell  you, 
that  I  did  attend  God's  worship  according  to  my  faith  and  con- 
science, and  according  to  Scripture  which  saith,  where  two  or 
three  are  assembled  together  in  Christ's  name  he  is  in  the  midst 
of  them.  And  this  I  can  prove  by  those  that  assaulted  us  (on  the 
first  day  of  the  week)  when  we  were  met  to  worship  God.  At 
that  very  instant,  because  I  would  not  obey  men's  commands  and 
leave  the  worship  of  God,  though  I  told  them  if  they  would  for- 
bear whilst  we  had  done,  I  did  not  know  but  I  might  attend  their 
order.  They  would  not  forbear,  but  violently  hauled  me  out  of 

1  County  Court  Files,  1677. 


HERESY   AND   WITCHCRAFT.  349 

the  room  down  a  pair  of  stairs  by  the  heels  into  the  open  street, 
and  carried  me  in  a  wheelbarrow  to  prison  ;  and  was  whipped 
(as  I  have  been  at  several  courts),  which  is  no  shame  for  me  to 
tell  of,  though  I  am  sure  'tis  a  shame  for  some  to  hear  of.  I  am 
about  sixty  years  of  age,  thirty  of  which  I  have  dwelt  within 
about  a  mile  of  Cambridge  town.  What  my  life  and  conversa- 
tion hath  been  amongst  them,  and  what  I  have  suffered  this 
fifteen  years  for  not  going  to  the  public  meeting  is  well  known 
to  many  of  my  neighbors."  He  then  appealed  for  relief.  Dated, 
"  From  Cambridge  Prison  the  24th  3d  mo.,  1677,"  and  signed 
"  Benanuel  Bower."1  This  address,  like  the  former,  is  not  an 
autograph  except  the  signature.  "  In  answer  to  the  petition  of 
Benanuell  Bowers,  the  Court  judgeth  meet  to  refer  the  considera- 
tion thereof  to  the  next  County  Court  in  Middlesex  for  answer."2 
At  the  session  of  the  County  Court,  Oct.  2,  1677,  "  The  remon- 
strance exhibited  by  Benanuel  Bowers  to  the  General  Court  in 
May  last  being,  by  order  of  said  Court  referred  unto  the  con- 
sideration of  this  Court  for  answer,  —  this  Court  sent  for  the 
said  Bowers,  and  gave  him  liberty  to  declare  what  he  had  to  say, 
and  no  just  exception  appearing  against  the  sentence  of  the 
Court  that  committed  him  unto  prison,  but  on  the  contrary  he 
manifesting  much  perverseness  and  peremptory  obstinacy  against 
the  laws  and  government  here  established,  making  his  appeal  to 
England:  the  Court  declared  unto  him  that  they  judged  his 
sentence  to  be  just,  and  his  imprisonment  just,  and  that  it  was 
the  pride  and  perverseness  of  his  own  spirit  that  was  the  cause 
and  ground  of  his  suffering  by  his  imprisonment."3  He  had  now 
been  in  prison  a  year,  and  he  again  appealed,  to  the  General 
Court,  which  Court  summarily  settled  the  whole  matter,  Oct.  22, 
1677 :  "  In  answer  to  a  paper  signed  by  Benanuel  Bower,  it  is 
ordered  that  the  marshal  general  do  forthwith  levy  upon  the 
estate  of  the  said  Bowers  such  fine  or  fines  as  have  been  laid  on 
him  according  to  law  by  the  County  Court  of  Cambridge,  and 
that  thereupon  he  be  discharged  the  prison."4 

Imprisonment  for  more  than  a  year,  however,  was  not  the  full 
measure  of  punishment  endured  by  Mr.  Bowers.  Naturally  im- 
patient of  confinement,  he  gave  vent  to  his  feelings  in  some 
doggerel  poetry,  which  he  sent  by  his  wife  to  Mr.  Dan  forth, 
whom  he  seems  to  have  regarded  as  his  chief  opposer.  For  this 
he  was  convented  before  the  General  Court,  convicted  and  pun- 
ished. The  official  record  appears  in  "  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,"  v.  153. 

1  County  Court  Files,  1677.  8  County  Court  Records. 

2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  v.  153.  *  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  v.  163. 


350  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  original  papers,  never  before  printed,  are  preserved  in  the 
files  of  the  Middlesex  County  Court,  1677,  and  are  here  in- 
serted 1  :  — 

"  To  THOMAS  DANFORTH,  MAGGISTRATE. 

"  It  is  nigh  hard  this  fifteene  years  since  first  oure  war  begun 

And  yet  the  feild  I  have  not  lost  nor  thou  the  conquest  wunn 

Against  thy  power  I  have  ingaged  which  of  us  twoo  shall  conquer 

I  am  resolvd  if  God  assist  to  put  it  to  the  venter 

Both  my  person  and  estate  for  truth  Isle  sacrafise 

And  all  I  have  He  leave  at  stake  He  venter  winn  or  loose 

He  that  from  his  cullors  runs  and  leaves  his  captaine  in  the  feild 

By  the  law  of  armes  he  ought  to  dy  and  reason  good  shoud  yeald 

Unwise  art  thou  against  the  streame  to  strive 

For  in  thy  enterprise  thou  art  not  like  to  thrive 

Thy  forces  are  to  weake  thou  art  not  like  to  conquer 

For  with  a  power  thou  hast  ingagd  that  will  thy  forces  scatter 

Of  him  thats  wise  thou  counsell  didst  not  take 

Thy  teachers  like  unto  thyself  Ime  sorry  for  thy  sake 

Though  of  Christianity  profession  thou  dost  make 

And  yet  thy  neighbor  doest  oppress  only  for  conscience  sake 

Tho  art  as  blind  as  Bonner  was  that  burnt  the  martyrs  at  the  stake 

To  the  proud  belongs  the  fall  he  surely  shall  comm  downe 

Out   of   his  throne  be  brought  he  shall  mans    pride  must  come  to  th 

ground 

Abomminable  if  be  his  deed  soe  in  the  end  heas  like  to  speed 
Dread  belongs  to  the  evell  Almighty  God  will  recompence  2 

From  Cambridge  Prison  March  3,  1677.  BENANUELL  BOWER." 

"  I  do  attest  that  on  ye  5th  of  March  last  Elizabeth  ye  wife  of 
Ben11  Bowers  came  to  my  house  &  put  a  printed  book  &  this 
abovewritten  paper  into  my  hand  ;  the  book  I  perceiving  by  the 
frontispeace  it  was  a  Quakers  work  I  caused  it  at  the  same  time 
to  be  burnt ;.  this  paper  I  tore  it  imediately  before  her  face  &  did 
after  a  time  peice  it  again  as  above.3  Also  I  do  assert  y*  accord- 
ing to  ye  knowledge  y1  one  man  may  have  of  another's  hand  it 
have  been  written  by  Ben11  Bowers  owne  hand.  By  mee, 

THO.  DANFORTH. 
Sworn  to  by  Mr.  Danforth  in  Court,  30th  of  May,  1677. 

E.  R.  S."4 

1  As  these  documents  are  autographs,     sheet  of  the  same  size.    In  their  efforts  to 
the  orthography  is  preserved.  consume  the  paste,  the  worms  have  not 

2  Fifteen  more  lines  were  written  ;  but     spared  the  paper. 

they  are  so  mutilated  as  to  be  illegible.  *  The    initials    of    Edward    Rawson, 

8  The  paper  was  rent  asunder,  and  was     Secretary, 
reunited  by  being  pasted   upon  another 


HERESY   AND   WITCHCRAFT.  351 

"  The  Deputyes  liaveing  read  a  paper  of  scurilous  verses  pre- 
sented &  subscribed  by  Benanel  Bower,  now  in  Cambridge  prison, 
wherein  the  honor*  Mr.  Danforth  by  name  &  others  are  defamed, 
they  judge  it  no  less  than  duty  to  call  the  sd  Bower  to  give  an 
account  thereof,  &  to  that  end  that  a  warrant  be  issued  out  from 
this  Court  to  the  Marshall  Gen11  to  bring  or  cause  to  be  brought 
the  sd  Bower  before  this  Court  on  the  morrow  by  four  of  the 
clock,  &  not  to  fayle,  &  desire  or  honord  Magist8  consent  thereto. 
30th  May,  1677.  WILLIAM  TORREY,  Cleric. 

"  The  Magist.  consent,  so  it  be  4  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoon. 

"  EDWD.  RAWSON,  Seer*. 

"  The  magistrates  on  further  consideration  doe  judge  meet  that 
Benanull  Bowers  be  severely  whipt  wth  twenty  stripes,  or  pay 
the  fine  of  five  pounds  mony.  The  Magist8  have  past  this  wth 
reference  to  their  brethren  the  Deputies  hereto  consenting.  7  of 
June  1677.  EDWD.  RAWSON,  Seer1. 

u  Consented  to  by  the  Deputies.    WILLIAM  TORHEY,  Cleric." 

Smarting  under  this  sharp  discipline,  Mr.  Bowers  publicly  de- 
nounced Mr.  Danforth  in  presence  of  the  congregation,  about  a 
fortnight  afterwards.  The  deposition  of  witnesses '  is  still  pre- 
served in  the  county  court  files  :  — 

"  I,  John  Danforth,1  aged  about  16  years,  testify  that  on  the 
24th  of  June  last  past,  being  Sabbath  day,  after  the  pronuncia- 
tion of  the  blessing  in  conclusion  of  that  day's  exercise,  Benan- 
uel  Bowers,  standing  forth  upon  one  of  the  benches  in  public 
view  of  the  assembly,  began  to  speak  unto  them.  Then  the 
Reverend  Mr.  Oakes  interrupted  him  and  told  him  that  if  he 
had  any  exception  to  make  against  what  himself  had  delivered 
he  should  give  him  liberty  so  to  do,  provided  he  did  it  on  a  week 
day  and  not  on  the  Sabbath,  alleging  that  it  was  not  the  custom 
of  the  church.  This  notwithstanding,  the  said  Benanuel  pro- 
ceeded in  his  speech.  Whereupon  the  constables  were  required 
to  carry  him  the  said  Bowers  out  of  the  Assembly  by  the  wor- 
shipful Major  Gookin,  and  he  the  said  Bowers  commanded  silence. 
Nevertheless  he  proceeded  in  his  speech,  saying  that  he  was  very 
grievously  oppressed  and  slandered  by  Magistrate  Danforth,  and 
desired  the  church  to  take  notice  thereof  and  single  out  such  of 
themselves  as  might  take  cognizance  of  his  great  affliction,  using 
that  for  a  motive,  that  he  that  did  him  the  wrong  was  a  member 

1  John  Danforth,  H.  C.  1677,  son  of  afterwards  pastor  of  the  church  in  Dor- 
Rev.  Samuel  Danforth  of  Roxbury,  was  Chester. 


352  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  the  church.  Many  other  words  did  he  utter  to  the  like  pur- 
pose in  the  audience  of  the  abovesaid  assembly.  The  above 
written  being  truth  for  substance,  and  the  very  words  that  he 
then  uttered  as  near  as  I  can  remember.  9,  5th,  77. 

JN°.  DANFORTH." 

No  immediate  action  seems  to  have  been  had  by  the  court. 
But  on  the  20th  of  November,  after  Bowers  was  discharged  from 
prison  in  accordance  with  the  order  of  the  General  Court  before 
mentioned,  the  foregoing  deposition  was  substantially  confirmed 
by  the  oaths  of  five  witnesses,  and  the  court  rendered  judgment 
Dec.  18,  1677  :  "  Benanuel  Bowers  and  Elizabeth  Bowers  his 
wife  appearing  before  the  Court  to  answer  the  presentment  of 
the  Grand  Jury  for  reproaching  and  slandering  Thomas  Dan- 
forth,  and  by  their  own  confession  convicted  thereof,  the  Court 
sentenced  them  to  be  openly  whipped  fifteen  stripes  apiece,  un- 
less they  pay  five  pounds  apiece  in  money ;  and  to  stand  com- 
mitted until  the  sentence  of  the  Court  be  executed." 

Quakerism  obtained  no  firm  establishment  in  Cambridge ; 
there  is  no  evidence  within  my  knowledge  that  it  extended  be- 
yond the  family  of  Mr.  Bowers.  Whether  he  held  fast  the  faith 
through  life  or  renounced  it,  and  whether  he  maintained  perpet- 
ual warfare  or  made  his  peace  with  the  civil  and  ecclesiastical 
rulers,  does  not  appear.1  It  may  be  hoped,  however,  that  the 
closing  years  of  his  life  were  peaceful.  It  is  certain  that  the 
witnesses  of  his  will  (dated  Oct.  5,  1693,  and  proved  May  28, 
1698),  were  John  Leverett,  H.  C.  1680,  William  Brattle,  H.  C. 
1680,  Isaac  Chauncy,  H.  C.  1693,  and  Joseph  Baxter,  H.  C. 
1693;  of  whom  the  first  was  afterwards  President  of  Harvard 
College,  and  all  the  others  became  orthodox  ministers.  This  fact 
justifies  the  presumption  that  he  did  not  regard  them  as  perse- 
cutors, and  that  they  did  not  consider  him  to  be  an  arch  heretic. 

Early  in  1692,  a  strange  infatuation  seized  the  inhabitants  of 
Salem  village,  and  soon  spread  widely.  It  was  imagined  that 
Satan  was  making  a  deadly  assault  on  men  through  the  interven- 
tion of  witches.  I  do  not  propose  to  enter  upon  the  general 
history  of  that  tragedy  ; 2  but  as  one  of  the  victims  was  a  child 

1  The  Court   Records  indicate  that  as  during  her  old  age,  for  her  testimony  was 

late  as  June,  1682,  he  was  fined  for  non-  received  in  Court,  Dec.  26,  1693,  notwith- 

attendance  on  public  worship,  and  that  in  standing  "  she  being  a  Quaker  took  no 

April,  1681,  both  he  and  his  son  George  oath." 

were  fined  for  the  same  offence.     His  wife  *  "  The  mischief   began   at  Salem  in 

seems  to  have  been  tolerated  in  her  heresy  February ;    but    it    soon   extended   into 


HERESY   AND  WITCHCRAFT.  353 

of  Cambridge,  a  brief  notice  of  her  case  may  be  proper.  Re- 
becca, daughter  of  Thomas  and  Rebecca  Andrew,  was  born  here, 
April  18,  1646,  and  married  John  Frost,  June  26,  1666  ;  he  died 
in  1672,  and  she  married  George  Jacobs,  Jr.,  of  Salem.  The 
father  of  her  second  husband  and  her  own  daughter  had  already 
been  imprisoned,  and  her  husband  had  fled  to  escape  a  similar 
fate,  when  she  was  arrested  on  suspicion  of  witchcraft.  She  was 
long  confined  in  prison,  leaving  four  young  children,  one  of  them 
an  infant,  to  the  tender  mercies  of  her  neighbors.  What  made 
her  case  the  more  deplorable  was,  that  she  had  long  been  par- 
tially deranged.  During  her  confinement,  her  mother l  presented 
a  petition  to  the  court  in  her  behalf,  on  account  of  her  mental 
infirmity,  but  in  vain.  She  then  addressed  to  the  Governor  and 
Council  a  petition  which  is  still  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the 
Commonwealth,  and  which  deserves  insertion  here  :  — 

"  To  his  Excellency  Sir  William  Phips,  Knt.,  Governor,  and 
the  honorable  Council  now  sitting  in  Boston,  the  humble  petition 
of  Rebeccah  Fox  of  Cambridge  sheweth,  — 

"  That  whereas  Rebecah  Jacobs  (daughter  of  your  humble  pe- 
titioner) has  a  long  time,  even  many  months  now  lyen  in  prison 
for  Witchcraft,  and  is  well  known  to  be  a  person  crazed,  distracted, 
and  broken  in  mind,  your  humble  petitioner  does  most  humbly  and 
earnestly  seek  unto  your  Excellency  and  to  your  Honors  for  re- 
lief in  this  case.  Your  petitioner,  who  knows  well  the  condition 
of  her  poor  daughter,  together  with  several  others  of  good  repute 
and  credit,  are  ready  to  offer  their  oaths  that  the  said  Jacobs  is 
a  woman  crazed,  distracted,  and  broken  in  her  mind  ;  and  that 
she  has  been  so  these  twelve  years  and  upwards.  However,  for 
(I  think)  above  this  half  year  the  said  Jacobs  has  lyen  in  prison, 
and  yet  remains  there,  attended  with  many  sore  difficulties. 
Christianity  and  nature  do  each  of  them  oblige  your  petitioner 
to  be  very  solicitous  in  this  matter ;  and  although  many  weighty 
cases  do  exercise  your  thoughts,  yet  your  petitioner  can  have  no 
rest  in  her  mind  till  such  time  as  she  has  offered  this  her  address 
on  behalf  of  her  daughter.  Some  have  died  already  in  prison, 
and  others  have  been  dangerously  sick,  and  how  soon  others,  and 

various  parts  of  the  Colony.    The  con-        1  Thomas  Andrew,  the  father  of  Mrs. 
tagion,  however,  was  principally  within     Jacobs,  died  about  1647,  and  his  widow 
the  County  of  Essex.     Before   the  close     married   Nicholas  Wyeth ;    he  died  July 
of  September,  nineteen  persons  were  ex-     19,  1680,  and  she  married  Thomas  Fox, 
ecuted    and   one    pressed   to  death,   all     Dec.  16,  1685  ;  she  died  in  1698. 
of   whom   asserted    their  innocence."  — 
Holmes'  Amer.  Annals,  i.  438. 
23 


354  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

among  them  my  poor  child,  by  the  difficulties  of  this  confine- 
ment, may  be  sick  and  die,  God  only  knows.  She  is  uncapable 
of  making  that  shift  for  herself  that  others  can  do  ;  and  such  are 
her  circumstances  on  other  accounts,  that  your  petitioner,  who  is 
her  tender  mother,  has  many  great  sorrows  and  almost  overcom- 
ing burthens  on  her  mind  upon  her  account ;  but  in  the  midst  of 
all  her  perplexities  and  troubles  (next  to  supplicating  to  a  good 
and  merciful  God),  your  petitioner  has  no  way  for  help  but  to 
make  this  her  afflicted  condition  known  unto  you.  So,  not 
doubting  but  your  Excellency  and  your  Honors  will  readily  hear 
the  cries  and  groans  of  a  poor  distressed  woman,  and  grant  what 
help  and  enlargement  you  may,  your  petitioner  heartily  begs 
God's  gracious  presence  with  you,  and  subscribes  herself  in  all 
humble  manner  your  sorrowful  and  distressed  petitioner, 

REBECCAH  Fox."1 

This  petition  availed  nothing,  except  perhaps  to  delay  the 
trial.  The  poor  demented  woman  was  kept  in  prison  until  the 
next  January,  when  she  was  indicted,  tried,  and  acquitted.  Be- 
fore this  January  Court,  a  great  change  had  occurred  in  the  pub- 
lic opinion.  A  principal  reason  for  such  a  change  is  mentioned 
by  Hutchinson  :  "  Ordinarily,  persons  of  the  lowest  rank  in 
life  have  had  the  misfortune  to  be  charged  with  witchcrafts ;  and 
although  many  such  had  suffered,  yet  there  remained  in  prison  a 
number  of  women,  of  as  respectable  families  as  any  in  the  towns 
where  they  lived,  and  several  persons,  of  still  superior  rank,  were 
hinted  at  by  the  pretended  bewitched,  or  by  the  confessing 
witches.  Some  had  been  publicly  named.  Dudley  Bradstreet, 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  who  had  been  appointed  one  of  President 
Dudley's  Council,  and  who  was  son  to  the  worthy  old  governor, 
then  living,  found  it  necessary  to  abscond.  Having  been  remiss 
in  prosecuting,  he  had  been  charged  by  some  of  the  afflicted  as  a 
confederate.  His  brother,  John  Bradstreet,  was  forced  to  fly 
also.  Calef  says  it  was  intimated  that  Sir  William  Phips's  lady 
was  among  the  accused.  It  is  certain  that  one  who  pretended  to 
be  bewitched  at  Boston,  where  the  infection  was  beginning  to 
spread,  charged  the  Secretary  of  the  colony  of  Connecticut. 
Mrs.  Hale,  wife  to  the  minister  of  Beverly,  was  accused  also ; 
which  caused  her  husband  to  alter  his  judgment,  and  to  be  less 
active  in  prosecutions  than  he  had  been."  2 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxxv.  76.  jury  found  bills   against  about  fifty  for 

2  Hist.  Mass.,  ii.  60.    Hutchinson  adds :     witchcraft,   one    or    two    men,   the  rest 
"  At  the  Court  in  January,  the  grand    women ;  but  upon  trial  they  were  all  ac- 


HERESY  AND  WITCHCRAFT.  355 

A  few  years  afterwards,  Mr.  Hale  published  "  A  Modest  En- 
quiry into  the  Nature  of  Witchcraft,"  etc.,  wherein  he  gave 
the  reasons  for  his  change  of  opinion.  In  this  book  reference  is 
made  to  two  cases  of  suspected  witchcraft  in  Cambridge,  one  of 
which  had  a  tragical  result :  "  Another  suffering  in  this  kind 
was  a  woman  of  Cambridge,  against  whom  a  principal  evidence 
was  a  Watertown  nurse,  who  testified  that  the  said  Kendal l  (so 
was  the  accused  called)  did  bewitch  to  death  a  child  of  Goodman 
Genings  2  of  Watertown  ;  for  the  said  Kendall  did  make  much  of 
the  child,  and  then  the  child  was  well,  but  quickly  changed  its 
color  and  dyed  in  a  few  hours.  The  court  took  this  evidence 
among  others,  the  said  Genings  not  knowing  of  it.  But  after 
Kendal  was  executed  (who  also  denyed  her  guilt  to  the  death), 
Mr.  Rich.  Brown,  knowing  better  things  of  Kendall,  asked  said 
Genings  if  they  suspected  her  to  bewitch  their  child ;  they  an- 
swered, No.  But  they  judged  the  true  cause  of  the  child's  death 
to  be  thus ;  viz.,  the  nurse  had  the  night  before  carryed  out  the 
child  and  kept  it  abroad  in  the  cold  a  long  time,  when  the  red 
gum  was  come  out  upon  it,  and  the  cold  had  struck  in  the  red 
gum,  and  this  they  judged  the  cause  of  the  child's  death.  And 
that  said  Kendal  did  come  in  that  day  and  make  much  of  the 
child,  but  they  apprehended  no  wrong  to  come  to  the  child  by  her. 
After  this  the  said  nurse  was  put  into  prison  for  adultery,  and 
there  delivered  of  her  base  child  ;  and  Mr.  Brown  went  to  her, 
and  told  her  it  was  just  with  God  to  leave  her  to  this  wickedness 
as  a  punishment  for  murdering  Goody  Kendal  by  her  false  wit- 
ness bearing.  But  the  nurse  dyed  in  prison,  and  so  the  matter 
was  not  further  inquired  into." 3  "  Another  instance  was  at 
Cambridge  about  forty  years  since  ; 4  There  was  a  man  much 
troubled  in  the  night  with  cats,  or  the  devil  in  their  likeness, 
haunting  of  him  ;  whereupon  he  kept  a  light  burning,  and  a 

quitted,  except  three  of  the  worst  charac-  Jackson  ;     but    whether    this   were    the 

ters,  and  those  the  governor  reprieved  for  woman  mentioned  by  Hale  is  problemat- 

the  king's  mercy.      All   that  were  not  ical. 

brought  upon  trial  he  ordered  to  be  dis-  2  The  reference  is  probably  to  Robert 

charged.     Such  a  goal  delivery  was  made  Jennison,  who  died  July  4,  1690,  or  to  his 

this  court  as  has  never  been  known  at  any  son  Samuel  Jennison,  who  died  Oct.  15, 

other  time  in  New  England."  1701. 

1  I  cannot   certainly  identify  this  per-  8  A  Modest  Enquiry,  etc.,  pp.  18,  19. 

son.     The  only  known  early  inhabitant  *  It  is  not  known  to  what  case  of  sup- 

of   Cambridge  bearing    this    name  was  posed   witchcraft  Mr.   Hale   here   refers. 

John  Kendall,  who  resided  on  the  south  Mrs.  Holman  was  accused  at  about  the 

side  of  the  river,  and  married  Elizabeth,  date  indicated,  but  the  circumstances  of 

widow  of  Samuel  Holley,  before  Sept.  8,  the  two  cases  were  different. 
1646,  when  the  estate  was  sold  to  Edward 


356  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

sword  by  him  as  he  lay  in  bed  ;  for  he  suspected  a  widow  woman 
to  send  these  cats  or  imps  by  witchcraft  to  bewitch  him.  And 
one  night  as  he  lay  in  bed,  a  cat  or  imp  came  within  his  reach, 
and  he  struck  her  on  the  back ;  and  upon  inquiry  heard  this 
widow  had  a  sore  back  ;  this  confirmed  his  suspicion  of  the  widow, 
he  supposing  that  it  came  from  the  wound  he  gave  the  cat.  But 
Mr.  Day,  the  widow's  chyrurgeon,  cleared  the  matter,  saying  this 
widow  came  to  him  and  complained  of  a  sore  in  her  back,  and 
because  she  could  not  see  it  desired  his  help  ;  and  he  found  it  to 
be  a  boyl,  and  ripened  and  healed  it  as  he  used  to  do  other  boyls. 
But  while  this  was  in  cure,  the  supposed  cat  was  wounded  as 
already  rehearsed."  1 

Although  we  are  not  certain  to  whom  Mr.  Hale  refers  in 
the  foregoing  instances  of  supposed  witchcraft,  yet  one  case  did 
occur,  about  forty  years  before  he  wrote  his  "  Modest  Enquiry," 
in  regard  to  which  a  circumstantial  account  has  been  preserved. 
William  Holman  resided  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Garden 
and  Linnaean  Streets  (where  the  Botanic  Garden  now  is)  ;  he  died 
Jan.  8,  1652-3,  aged  59,  leaving  a  widow,  Winifred,  and  several 
children,  among  whom  was  an  unmarried  daughter,  named  Mary. 
On  the  opposite  side  of  Garden  Street,  and  extending  to  Sparks 
Street,  was  an  estate  of  six  acres  belonging  to  John  Gibson, 
whose  house  was  within  plain  view  from  Mrs.  Holman's.  Some 
"  root  of  bitterness  "  sprung  up  between  these  neighbors,  and 
troubled  them,  until  Mr.  Gibson  entered  a  complaint  against 
Mrs.  Holman  and  her  daughter  as  witches,  and  a  warrant  of  pe- 
culiar form  was  issued  for  their  arrest :  u  To  the  Constable  of 
Cambridge.  You  are  required  forthwith  to  apprehend  the  per- 
sons of  Widow  Holman  and  her  daughter  Mary,  and  immedi- 
ately bring  them  before  the  County  Court  now  sitting  at  Charles- 
towne,  to  be  examined  on  several  accusations  presented,  on  sus- 
picion of  witchcraft ;  and  for  witnesses  John  Gipson  and  his 
wife ;  you  are  forthwith  to  bring  them  away,  and  not  suffer 
them  to  speak  one  with  another  after  their  knowledge  of  this 
warrant,  and  hereof  you  are  not  to  fayle  at  your  perill.  Dat. 
21  (4)  1659.  THOMAS  DANFOETH,  R.  It  will  be  convenient 
that  you  charge  some  meet  person  to  bring  away  the  mayd  first, 
and  then  you  may  acquaint  the  mother  also  with  this  warrant 
respecting  her  also."  2 

No  notice  of  this  action  appears  on  the  Records  of  the  Court ; 

1  A  Modest  Enquiry,  etc.,  pp.  64,  65.  2  Copied  from  the  original  in  the  files 

of  the  County  Court,  1659. 


HERESY  AND  WITCHCRAFT.  357 

from  which  it  may  be  inferred  that  the  evidence  submitted  to  the 
grand  jury  was  not  sufficient  to  justify  an  indictment.  Nine 
months  afterwards  the  Holmans  sought  legal  redress  for  the 
wrongs  they  had  suffered.  This  warrant  was  issued  :  "  To  the 
Constable  of  Cambridge,  or  his  Deputy.  You  are  hereby  re- 
quired to  attach  the  goods  or  in  want  thereof  the  person  of  John 
Gibson  Junr.  of  Cambridge,  and  take  bond  of  him  to  the  value 
of  twenty  pounds,  with  sufficient  surety  or  suretyes  for  his  ap- 
pearance at  the  next  County  Court  holden  at  Cambridge  upon 
the  3  day  of  April  next,  then  and  there  to  answer  the  complaint 
of  Mary  Holman  of  Cambridge,  in  an  action  of  defamation  and 
slaunder ;  and  so  make  a  true  return  hereof  under  your  hand. 
Dated  this  26  of  March,  16|$.  By  the  court,  SAMUEL  GREEN."  l 
Similar  warrants  were  issued  March  28,  1660,  requiring  John 
Gibson,  Sen.,  his  wife,  and  his  daughter  Rebecca,  wife  of  Charles 
Stearns,  to  make  answer  to  the  widow  Winifred  Holman.  Both 
cases  seem  to  have  been  tried  together.  A  mass  of  testimony  is 
still  preserved  in  the  files  of  the  County  Court,  apparently  pre- 
pared by  John  Gibson,  Sen.,  to  be  used  in  this  trial,  as  a  justifi- 
cation of  the  charge  formerly  made  against  Mrs.  Holman  and  her 
daughter.  A  recital  of  this  testimony  is  tedious,  but  it  may 
be  excused  inasmuch  as  it  shows  on  what  frivolous  grounds  the 
charge  of  witchcraft  was  made  two  hundred  years  ago  :  — 

"  A  relation  of  the  passages  between  Mrs.  Holman  and  her 
daughter  Mary,  and  the  wife  of  Charles  Stearns,2  now  living  in 
Cambridge.  The  first  thing  that  makes  us  suspect  them  is  that 
after  she  had  two  extraordinary  strange  fits,  which  she  never  had 
the  like  before,  Mary  Holman  asked  her  why  she  did  not  get 
some  help  for  them,  and  she  answered  she  could  not  tell  what  to 
do ;  she  had  used  means  by  physicians,  and  could  have  no  help. 
And  the  said  Mary  said  that  her  mother  said,  if  she  would  put 
herself  into  her  hands,  that  she  would  undertake  to  cure  her  with 
the  blessing  of  God.  Our  daughter  telling  us  of  it,  and  we  not 
suspecting  them,  we  wished  her  to  go  and  to  see  what  she  would 
say  to  her.  And  she  said  her  daughter  was  a  prating  wench  and 
loved  to  prate  ;  but  yet  she  did  prescribe  some  herbs  to  her  that 
she  should  use  in  the  spring.  After  this  my  daughter's  child 
grew  ill,  and  Mary  Holman  coming  in  often  asked  her  what  the 
child  ailed  ;  and  she  said  moreover  that  her  mother  and  she  took 

1  Court  Files,  1660.  left  unchanged.    Mrs.  Stearns  was  daugh- 

2  The  orthography  of  this  testimony  is    ter  of  John  Gibson,  Sen.,  subject  to  fits, 
corrected,  except  that  proper  names  are    and  partially  demented. 


358  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

notice  of  it,  that  the  child  declined  ever  since  the  5  of  January, 
and  will  till  it  come  to  the  grave  ;  but  if  you  will  put  it  into  my 
hands  I  will  undertake  to  cure  it :  I  cured  one  at  Maiden  that 
had  the  ricketts,  and  if  you  will  take  a  fool's  counsel,  you  may  ; 
if  you  will  not,  choose.  She  said  also  the  child  fell  away  in  the 
lower  parts,  and  yet  she  did  not  see  the  child  opened.  She  said 
also  that  Mr.  Metchelles  child  had  the  ricketts,  and  it  was  easy  to 
be  seen,  for  the  face  did  shine  ;  but  since  Mr.  Metchell  sent  to 
Linn  for  a  skilful  woman  to  look  on  it,  and  she  could  not  see  no 
such  thing.  After  this,  Mary  Holman  borrowed  a  skillet  of  her, 
and  when  she  brought  it  home,  the  child  was  asleep  in  the  cradle, 
and  a  boy  a  rocking  it,  and  the  mother  of  the  child  was  gone  for 
water ;  and  the  boy  said  that  Mary  Holman  came  to  the  child  as 
it  was  asleep,  and  took  it  by  the  nose,  and  made  the  blood  come, 
and  set  it  a  crying,  that  the  mother  heard  it ;  and  before  she 
came  in  Mary  was  gone  out  over  the  sill.  When  she  came  in 
and  saw  the  child  in  such  a  case,  she  chode  the  boy  for  making 
the  child  cry  ;  and  he  said  it  was  Mary  Holman  that  did  it  and 
went  away  as  fast  as  she  could. 

"  After  this,  she  was  taken  with  her  ordinary  fits,  two  nights 
and  two  days,  and  was  pretty  well  again  and  sensible  one  day  ; 
and  then  she  was  taken  with  a  strange  raving  and  marvellous 
unquiet  night  and  day,  for  three  or  four  days  and  nights  together, 
and  took  no  rest ;  and  it  was  observed  that  all  this  time  Mrs. 
Holman  was  walking  about  by  her  rails,  stooping  down  and 
picking  of  the  ground  along  as  she  went,  and  both  of  them  walk- 
ing up  and  down,  and  to  and  again,  that  it  was  taken  notice  of 
by  many ;  arid  all  this  time  she  raged,  could  not  be  quiet,  till  the 
last  day  of  the  week  in  the  afternoon  they  were  gone  both  from 
home  ;  and  then  she  was  quiet  and  was  fast  asleep  till  she  came 
home,  and  suddenly  she  sprung  up  out  of  her  sleep,  and  cried 
out  with  such  rage  against  Mrs.  Holman  that  she  was  a  witch, 
and  that  she  must  be  hanged.  Her  mother  being  amazed,  she 
went  out  and  see  her  a  coming  towards  the  house  ;  and  the  nearer 
she  came  the  more  she  raged,  and  so  she  continued  all  night. 
And  in  the  morning,  Mary  Holman  came  in  for  fire,  as  she  did 
every  morning,  and  sometimes  twice  in  a  day  ;  as  soon  as  she 
came  in  she  cried  out  on  her  that  she  was  a  witch,  so  that  we 
could  not  still  her  till  my  wife  shoved  her  out  of  door  ;  and  when 
they  were  out,  Mary  asked  my  wife  what  her  daughter  ailed,  and 
said  she  was  a  quiet  woman.  Another  being  by,  my  wife  an- 
swered she  thought  she  was  bewitched.  Then  said  Mary  Hoi- 


HERESY   AND  WITCHCRAFT.  359 

man,  my  mother  said  that  she  was  not  light-headed,  nor  her  head 
did  not  ache  ;  but  she  continued  so  still,  and  crying  out  to  her 
mother,  and  said  Mrs.  Holm  an  she  was  working  wickedness  on 
the  Lord's  day.  With  that,  my  wife  looked  out  and  saw  Mrs. 
Holman  a  pecking  by  the  rails,  as  she  did  of  other  days.  When 
folks  were  gone  to  meeting,  about  half  an  hour  after  two  of  the 
clock,  she  went  to  meeting,  that  is,  Mrs.  Holman ;  and  by  that 
time  she  got  to  meeting  as  we  guessed,  she  lay  still  about  half  an 
hour  and  then  fell  asleep.  And  of  a  sudden,  she  flings  up  and 
cried  out  of  Mrs.  Holman.  My  wife,  not  thinking  they  had  been 
come  home  from  meeting,  looked  out  and  saw  her  at  home. 
Anon  after,  Mary  Holman  came  to  the  house  and  said  to  my 
wife,  your  daughter  had  a  sleep,  had  she  not  ?  and  she  answered 
her,  Why  do  you  ask  ?  and  she  said,  because  she  slept  yesterday 
afore  this  time,  and  so  she  did,  —  but  how  she  should  come  to 
know  it,  we  cannot  tell ;  for  they  were  both  times  from  home. 
On  the  second  day  in  the  morning,  Mary  came  for  fire  ;  and  she 
cried  out  on  her  as  before,  and  continued  raging  almost  all  that 
day.  On  the  third  day,  Mary  Holman  was  a  coming  again  for 
fire,  and  my  wife  prayed  me  that,  if  I  saw  her  come,  that  I  would 
not  let  her  come  in  ;  and  so  I  did  ;  I  met  with  her  at  the  sill,  with 
a  bright  skillet  in  her  hand,  and  she  asked  me  how  my  daughter 
did,  and  I  said,  she  is  not  well,  and  I  asked  her  whither  she  went 
with  that ;  and  she  said,  for  fire.  But  I  told  her  she  should  not 
have  none  here,  but  bid  her  go  to  some  other  house  ;  upon  which 
we  took  notice  that  that  day  she  was  very  quiet,  and  there  was 
such  a  sudden  alteration  to  admiration  to  all  that  saw  it,  and  so 
continued  ;  but  after  she  was  more  sensible  of  her  weakness. 

"  Some  things  were  forgotten  :  —  that  my  daughter,  before  she 
was  taken  with  her  fits,  put  a  pair  of  stockings  to  her,  and  she 
kept  them  a  great  while  ;  and  upon  the  last  day  of  the  week  at 
night  she  sent  them  home,  and  she  wore  them  on  the  Sabbath, 
and  that  night  she  had  her  fits,  being  free  from  them  a  great 
while  before  ;  and,  as  was  said  before,  when  she  had  had  them 
two  days  and  two  nights,  she  fell  into  this  strange  condition,  as 
before  mentioned.  And  all  this  time  she  cried  out  of  Mrs.  Hol- 
man and  her  daughter  Mary,  that  they  were  witches,  and  they 
must  be  found  out,  and  said,  you  must  not  suffer  a  witch  to  live ; 
and  she  said  Mr.  Danford  was  chosen  a  magistrate  to  find  out 
Mrs.  Holman.  And  when  my  wife  went  to  give  her  some  re- 
freshing, she  would  not  take  it  in,  she  was  so  troubled  with  Mrs. 
Holman,  that  she  must  be  found  out,  that  my  wife  told  her  that 


360  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

she  would  get  the  magistrate  to  find  her  out ;  and  it  was  taken 
notice  of  by  my  wife  and  others,  that  her  countenance  was 
changed  and  did  eat.  Thus  she  lay,  taking  on  against  Mrs. 
Holman  and  Mary  to  all  that  came  to  her,  that  they  were  witches 
and  must  be  hanged ;  and  so  she  told  them  to  their  faces,  and 
could  not  be  stilled.  And  many  times  she  flung  up  with  such  rage 
and  cried  out  with  exceeding  earnestness  that  Mrs.  Holman  was 
at  the  rails,  let  me  go  out  and  I  will  show  you  her  ;  and  it  was 
so,  for  my  wife  and  others  looked  out,  and  saw  her  there.  It 
seemed  to  us  very  strange  ;  for  it  was  not  possible  that  she  could 
see  her,  for  she  was  kept  so  close  on  her  bed,  and  a  covering 
hanging  before  her,  and  another  before  the  window. 

"  The  first  great  trouble  that  she  had,  she  was  affrighted  with 
Satan,  and  thought  that  she  saw  him  stand  by  the  bed's  side,  so 
that  she  cried  out  with  a  loud  noise,  all  night,  to  the  Lord,  for 
help,  saying  Lord,  help  me,  Lord,  help  me,  that  she  was  heard  a 
great  way  off.  The  second  great  trouble  she  had,  she  was  like- 
wise troubled  with  Satan  appearing  to  her,  that  she  was  set  of  a 
great  trembling  that  she  shook  the  bed  she  lay  on  ;  and  striving 
mightily  with  her  body,  and  fighting  with  her  hands,  that  two 
men  were  fain  to  hold  her.  We  asked  her  why  she  fought  so  ; 
and  she  said  she  fought  with  the  devil.  And  ever  and  anon  she 
called  out  of  Mrs.  Holman,  and  would  have  her  sent  for ;  and 
one  that  sat  by  said,  what  would  you  say  to  her  ?  And  she  said, 
I  will  tell  her  that  she  is  a  witch.  We  then  not  suspecting  her 
so  to  be,  we  reproved  her,  and  wished  her  not  to  say  so ;  but  the 
more  we  forbade  her,  the  more  violent  she  was  in  so  calling  her, 
and  crying  out  of  Mrs.  Holman's  black  chest  and  Mrs.  Holman's 
cake ;  but  what  she  meant  by  them,  we  cannot  tell.  But  this 
last  time,  she  was  troubled  with  Mrs.  Holman  and  her  daughter 
Mary.  And  concerning  the  child,  it  does  decline  and  fall  away 
daily,  according  to  Mary's  words ;  and  yet  we  cannot  perceive 
that  it  is  sick  at  all,  but  will  suck  and  eat ;  and  in  the  time  of 
the  mother's  trouble,  the  child  is  set  quite  crooked  in  the  body, 
which  before  was  a  straight,  thriving  child.  Also  it  was  taken 
notice  of  that,  in  the  time  of  my  daughter's  trouble,  that  her 
hands  were  set  crooked,  that  her  husband  could  not  get  them 
open. 

"  A  while  after  we  were  at  the  Court,  she  had  another  raging 
fit,  wherein  she  was  carried  with  rage  against  her  parents,  and 
her  brothers  and  sisters,  and  we  desired  one  of  our  brethren  to 
pray  with  her ;  and  she  raged  at  him,  and  bade  him  get  him 


HERESY   AND  WITCHCRAFT.  361 

home,  or  she  would  throw  something  at  his  head  ;  and  she  was 
so  outrageous  that  we  were  fain  to  tie  her  hands.  And  she  cried 
out  and  said  a  snake  stung  her  under  her  arms.  And  when  she 
was  out  of  her  distemper,  she  said  she  saw  a  thing  like  a  great 
snake  come  into  the  house,  with  a  something  like  a  turtle  upon 
the  back,  and  came  upon  the  bed  to  her.  And  another  time  when 
one  of  our  elders  was  at  prayer,  she  barked  like  a  dog  ;  and  though 
we  held  her  mouth  close  with  our  hands,  yet  she  would  speak, 
saying  that  Mrs.  Hoi  man  and  Mary  Holman  were  witches,  and 
bewitched  her  and  her  child.  And  sometimes  she  cried  out 
against  blood,  that  it  cried  and  that  it  stunk ;  and  we  bade  her 
hold  her  peace ;  but  she  said  she  must  speak,  and  conscience  must 
speak ;  and  at  last  she  said  there  was  a  hole  of  blood  by  the 
cradle."  .... 

"  The  last  winter  before  this,  I  was  afflicted  with  Mrs.  Hoi- 
man's  hens,  and  could  not  keep  them  out  of  my  barn  from  stroy- 
ing  my  corn.  I  being  much  troubled  at  it  spake  of  it  to  my 
wife ;  and  she  said,  it  may  be  the  poor  woman  cannot  keep  them 
at  home.  I  being  thus  afflicted  with  them,  I  flung  a  stone  at  one 
of  them  and  killed  it,  and  laid  it  upon  a  hovel  that  stood  upon 
the  common.  When  my  wife  saw  it,  she  sent  to  Mrs.  Holman, 
to  see  if  it  were  one  of  hers,  and  her  daughter  fetched  it  home ; 
and  after  that  they  troubled  me  no  more,  though  they  went 
abroad  still,  which  we  wondered  at,  being  so  constantly  there 
every  day  before.  After  this,  my  wife  had  a  brood  of  chickens 
of  fifteen,  which  were  like  to  do  well,  and  did  thrive  for  the  space 
of  one  fortnight ;  "and  then  they  were  taken  with  fits,  and  they 
would  turn  their  heads  upward,  and  turn  round  many  times,  and 
run  about  the  house  as  if  they  were  mad  ;  and  sometimes  picking 
towards  the  ground,  but  not  touch  the  ground,  and  sometimes 
they  would  be  pretty  well  and  eat  their  meat ;  but  they  died,  two 
or  three  at  a  time,  till  they  came  to  four.  Likewise  Mrs.  Holman 
had  a  white  cock,  that  went  a  grazing  about  the  common  every 
day  in  the  summer  time,  between  the  pond  and  the  house,  with- 
out any  hens  with  him  ;  and  we  taking  notice  of  him  asked  Mary 
Holman  wherefore  that  cock  went  so  alone ;  and  she  said,  that 
the  hens  did  not  care  for  him,  nor  he  cared  not  for  them  ;  and  she 
said,  moreover,  that  he  was  seven  years  old.  Then  we  asked  her, 
why  they  would  keep  him  ;  and  she  said,  she  could  not  tell  ;  her 
mother  would  keep  him.  And  soon  after  that,  we  saw  him  no 
more.  Also  there  was  a  bird  that  was  taken  notice  of,  not  only 
of  us  but  of  some  others ;  such  a  one  as  they  nor  we  ever  saw  be- 


362  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

fore.  It  was  all  milk-white,  save  only  a  little  gray  on  the  wings. 
My  son,  being  told  of  such  a  bird,  did  look  to  see  if  he  could  see 
it,  and  did  see  it,  and  threw  stones  at  it,  but  could  not  hit  it, 
although  it  were  very  near  him.  And  when  it  rose  up,  it  would 
fly  to  Mrs.  Holman's  house.  So  likewise  when  those  that  saw  it 
first  flung  stones  at  it,  it  would  always  fly  thither ;  and  some- 
times they  said  they  saw  it  fly  into  the  house.  They  had  taken 
notice  of  it  a  week  before  we  did  ;  and  when  A  son  arid  I  went  to 
mend  up  the  fence  that  was  before  my  daughter's  house,  the  bird 
was  skipping  about  the  rails  ;  My  son  said,  here  is  the  devilish- 
est  bird  that  ever  I  saw  in  my  life ;  and  I  asked  him  why  he  did 
so ;  and  he  said,  I  never  threw  half  so  often  at  a  bird  in  his  life 
but  he  did  hit  it,  but  this  I  cannot  hit ;  and  he  flung  again  at  it, 
but  could  not  hit  it ;  and  we  both  of  us  see  it  fly  to  Mrs.  Hol- 
man's house.  The  same  day  my  son  and  the  other  persons  saw 
it  again  ;  and  they  hunted  it  about  and  flung  stones  at  it ;  and 
it  flying  thither  again,  one  of  them  called  out,  saying,  the  bird 
was  gone  home  ;  and  two  of  them  resolved  the  next  day  to  get 
their  guns  and  see  if  they  could  shoot  it.  Mrs.  Holman  came 
out  of  her  house,  and  looked  on  them,  and  in  likelihood  heard 
what  they  said,  for  they  were  near  the  house  ;  but  since  that 
time  the  bird  have  not  been  seen.  In  this  time,  my  daughter 
Starnes,  going  out  of  her  house  within  evening,  saw  this  bird 
under  her  house-sill.  She  thought  at  first  it  had  been  a  cat ;  but 
she,  going  towards  it,  perceived  it  was  a  white  bird,  and  it  did 
fly  along  by  the  house-side,  and  so  away  to  Mrs.  Holman's.  It 
was  seen  another  evening,  when  it  was  too  late  for  birds  to  be 
abroad,  between  my  daughter's  house  and  the  rails. 

"  My  wife  have  been  much  troubled  with  her  wheel,  when  she 
have  set  herself  to  spin,  for  the  necessity  of  her  family.  Some- 
times she  could  not  make  no  work  of  it ;  she  thought  at  first  it 
might  be  out  of  kilter,  and  we  both  used  what  means  we  could 
with  it ;  but  it  was  never  the  better,  but  was  fain  to  set  it  away, 
and  go  about  some  other  work  ;  and  when  she  took  it  again,  it 
would  go  very  well,  and  thus  it  was  very  often  ;  and  sometimes, 
when  she  could  make  no  work  with  it,  she  would  set  it  away, 
and  not  so  much  as  unband  it,  and  take  it  again  and  not  alter  it 
at  all,  and  it  would  go  very  well.  One  time  amongst  the  rest,  she 
set  herself  to  work,  and  was  much  troubled  that  she  could  make 
no  work  of  it,  she  began  to  fear  that  there  might  be  something 
that  might  be  the  cause  of  it ;  she  set  her  wheel  away,  and  went 
out,  and  saw  Mary  Holman  at  the  oak,  turning  round ;  and  when 


HERESY  AND  WITCHCRAFT.  363 

she  saw  my  wife,  she  catched  up  a  chip  ;  and  that  caused  her  to 
fear  that  it  might  be  by  their  means.  Another  time  she  was  a 
spinning,  and  as  it  was  wont  so  it  did  again,  that  she  was  so 
affected  with  it  that  she  could  have  cried ;  and  sitting  still,  with 
her  wheel  before  her,  saying  thus  to  herself,  '  Lord,  thou  hast 
commanded  me  to  labor,  but  I  am  hindered ;  good  Lord,  if  there 
be  any  hand  of  Satan  in  it,  prevent  it ; '  with  some  other  words, 
and  went  to  spinning  again,  and  it  went  as  well  as  ever. 

"  At  another  time,  when  my  daughter  was  not  very  well,  my 
wife  went  out  and  saw  Mary  Holman  sitting  on  her  knees  at  a 
hole  of  water ;  she  took  up  water  in  a  dish,  and  held  it  up  a 
pretty  height,  and  drained  into  another  thing.  My  wife  went 
presently  to  her  daughter  and  found  her  crying  so  immoderately 
that  the  tears  fell  so  fast  from  her  eyes  that  my  wife  was  fain  to 
stand  and  wipe  them  off  her  face  with  her  apron.  And  her 
mother  asked  her  wherefore  she  cried ;  and  she  said  she  could 
not  tell,  but  she  said  she  could  not  forbear  it.  Concerning  what 
our  daughter  have  seen  and  felt  in  the  time  of  her  affliction,  she 
can  declare,  if  she  be  called  to  it." 

Following  this  long  and  tedious  statement  (with  much  more  to 
the  same  purpose),  is  a  recapitulation  of  the  same  facts,  with  the 
names  of  the  witnesses  by  whom  they  might  be  proved.  Their 
deposition  is  authenticated  by  the  Recorder  of  the  Court :  "  4 
(2)  1660.  Jn°.  Gibson,  senr.,  Rebeccah  Gibson,  Jn°.  Gipson, 
junr.,  Rebecca  Sternes,  Martha  Belsher,  Bethia  Michelson, 
Charles  Sternes,  Steven  ffrances,  sworn  in  Court  to  their  respec- 
tive evidences  ;  as  attests,  TH.  DANFORTH,  R." 

In  defence  of  her  character  as  an  honest,  Christian  woman, 
Mrs.  Holman  submitted  two  certificates,  which  yet  remain  on  file, 
signed  by  two  of  the  deacons,1  and  several  members  of  the 
church :  "  We,  whose  names  are  underwritten,  we  do  here 
testify  that  Winifret  Holman,  we  having  been  acquainted  with 
her  this  many  years,  she  being  near  neighbor  unto  us,  and  many 
times  have  had  occasion  to  have  dealings  with  her,  and  we  have 
not  indeed  in  the  least  measure  perceived,  either  by  words  or 
deeds,  any  thing  whereby  we  could  have  any  grounds  or  reason 
to  suspect  her  for  witchery  or  any  thing  thereunto  tending.  And 
this  is  evident  unto  us  that  she  is  diligent  in  her  calling,  and 
frequents  public  preaching,  and  gives  diligent  attention  there- 
unto. John  Palfery,  Mathew  Bridge,  Richard  Eccles,  ffrancis 
Whitmor,  John  Greene,  Nathaniell  Green,  William  Diksone." 
1  John  Bridge  and  Gregory  Stone. 


364  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

"  We,  who  have  here  subscribed  our  names,  do  testify  that  we 
have  known  this  Winnefret  Holman,  widow,  this  many  years, 
but  never  knew  any  thing  in  her  life  concerning  witchery.  But 
she  hath  always  been  a  diligent  hearer  of  and  attender  to  the 
word  of  God.  Mary  Patten,  Mary  Hall,  Jane  Willows,  Anna 
Bridge,  Elizabeth  Bridg,  Elizabeth  Green,  Jeane  Diksonne, 
Elizabeth  Winship,  Thomas  Fox,  Ellin  Fox,  William  Towne, 
Martha  Towne,  Mary  Eccles,  Isobell  Whittmor,  John  Bridge, 
Rebekka  Wieth,  Gregory  Stone,  Lidea  Stone." 

The  result  of  the  trial  is  entered  on  the  County  Court  Rec- 
ords :  "  Winifred  Holman,  Pit.  against  John  Gibson  senr.  and 
his  wife,  in  an  action  of  defamation  ;  the  jury  having  heard  their 
respective  pleas  and  evidences  presented  in  the  case  do  bring  in 
their  verdict,  finding  for  the  defendants  costs  of  court,  fifteen 
shillings  and  ten  pence.  —  Winifred  Holman,  Pit.  against 
Rebecca  the  wife  of  Charles  Sternes,  Def*.,  in  an  action  of  defa- 
mation;  the  jury  having  heard  their  respective  pleas  and  evi- 
dences presented  in  the  case,  and  it  appearing  to  the  court  that 
the  defendant  was  by  God's  hand  deprived  of  her  natural  reason 
when  she  expressed  those  words  charged  on  her,  do  bring  in  their 
verdict  for  the  defendant,  costs  of  court,  eight  shillings  and  four 
pence."  The  decision  in  the  other  case  I  copy  from  the  original 
verdict,  preserved  on  file,  as  it  is  more  full  and  circumstantial 
than  the  record :  "  Concerning  the  case  between  Marye  Hol- 
man, plaintive  and  John  Gibson,  junr.  defendant,  we  find  for  the 
plaintive,  that  the  said  John  Gibson  shall  make  acknowledge- 
ment that  he  hath  wronged  and  scandalously  slandered  Marye 
Holman,  by  speeches  irregularly,  rashly,  and  sudden  spoken,  for 
which  he  desire  to  be  humbled  and  sorry  for  the  same  ;  and  if  he 
refuse  to  make  this  acknowledgement  in  the  present  court,  that 
then  we  do  enjoin  John  Gibson  to  pay  to  the  plaintive  the  full 
sum  of  five  pounds  ;  and  we  also  give  the  plaintive  cost  of  court." 
To  which  the  Recorder  appended  this  memorandum :  "  John 
Gibson  junr.  acknowledged  in  court  that,  whereas  he  is  legally 
convicted  of  a  slanderous  speech  concerning  Mary  Holman,  he  is 
heartily  sorry  for  his  evil  thereby  committed  against  God,  and 
wrong  done  to  the  said  Mary  Holman  and  her  friends,  and  doth 
crave  forgiveness  of  the  said  Mary  Holman  of  this  trespass." 

It  does  not  appear  that  either  of  these  persons  was  ever  after- 
wards disturbed  on  suspicion  of  practising  the  diabolical  arts  of 
witchcraft.  Mrs.  Holman  died  Oct.  16,  1671,  aged  74  ;  her 
daughter  Mary  died,  unmarried,  in  1673,  aged  43. 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

EDUCATION. 

IN  1643,  there  was  published  in  London  a  Tract  entitled 
"  New  England's  First  Fruits  ;  in  respect,  first  of  the  Conver- 
sion of  some,  Conviction  of  divers,  Preparation  of  sundry,  of 
the  Indians.  2.  Of  the  progresse  of  Learning,  in  the  Colledge 
at  Cambridge,  in  Massacusets  Bay.  With  divers  other  speciall 
matters  concerning  that  countrey."  In  regard  to  the  "progresse 
of  learning,"  the  writer  says,  "  After  God  had  carried  us  safe  to 
New  England,  and  wee  had  builded  our  houses,  provided  neces- 
saries for  our  livelihood,  rear'd  convenient  places  for  Gods  wor- 
ship, and  settled  the  Civile  Government :  One  of  the  next  things 
we  longed  for,  and  looked  after,  was  to  advance  Learning  and 
perpetuate  it  to  posterity  ;  dreading  to  leave  an  illiterate  Minis- 
tery  to  the  Churches,  when  our  present  Ministers  shall  lie  in  the 
dust.  And  as  wee  were  thinking  and  consulting  how  to  effect 
this  great  work  ;  it  pleased  God  to  stir  up  the  heart  of  one  Mr. 
Harvard  (a  godly  gentleman,  and  a  lover  of  learning,  there  liv- 
ing amongst  us)  to  give  the  one  halfe  of  his  estate  (it  being  in 
all  about  1700£.)  towards  the  erecting  of  a  Colledge,  and  all  his 
Library  ;  after  him  another  gave  300Z.  others  after  them  cast  in 
more,  and  the  publique  hand  of  the  state  added  the  rest ;  the 
Colledge  was,  by  common  consent,  appointed  to  be  at  Cambridge 
(a  place  very  pleasant  and  accommodate),  and  is  called  (according 
to  the  name  of  the  first  founder)  Harvard  Colledge."  1  He  adds, 
"  And  by  the  side  of  the  Colledge  a  faire  Grammar  Schoole,  for 
the  training  up  of  young  Schollars,  and  fitting  of  them  for  Aca- 

1  New  England's  First  Fruits,  p.  12.   A  tories  of  the  College   have  already  been 

History  of  Cambridge  may  well  be  con-  published,  and  there  is  no  apparent  neces- 

sidered  incomplete,  if  it  do  not  contain  a  sity  to  glean  a  field   so  recently  and  so 

full   account   of  Harvard   College.     But  thoroughly  reaped.     See  History  of  Har- 

such  an  account  must  be  omitted  by  me  vard  University,  by  Benjamin  Peirce,  Li- 

for  two  obvious  reasons :  (1.)  The  subject  brarian,  etc.,  1833;   History  of  Harvard 

is  too  important  to  be  thrust  into  a  corner  University,  by   Josiah  Quincy,  President, 

and  treated  as  merely  subsidiary  to  a  gen-  etc.,  1840;   and  Sketch  of  the  History  of 

eral  history  of  the  city.     (2.)  Three  his-  Harvard  College,  by  Samuel  A.  Eliot,  1848. 


366  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

demicall  Learning,  that  still  as  they  are  judged  ripe,  they  may  be 
received  into  the  Colledge  of  this  Schoole  ; l  Master  Corlet  is 
the  Mr.  who  has  very  well  approved  himselfe  for  his  abilities, 
dexterity  and  painfulnesse  in  teaching  and  education  of  the  youth 
under  him."  2  The  precise  date  when  the  grammar  school  was 
established  in  Cambridge  does  not  appear  ;  but  before  1643  Mr. 
Corlett  had  taught  sufficiently  long  to  have  acquired  a  high  rep- 
utation for  skill  and  faithfulness.  He  continued  in  office  nearly 
half  a  century,  until  his  death,  Feb.  25, 1686-7,  at  the  age  of  78 
years.  His  services  were  commemorated  by  Cotton  Mather,  who 
knew  him  and  his  works  :  — 

"  'Tis  Corlet's  pains,  and  Cheever's,  we  must  own, 
That  thou,  New  England,  art  not  Scythia  grown."  3 

Again,  he  calls  "  Mr.  Elijah  Corlet,  that  memorable  old  school- 
master in  Cambridge,  from  whose  education  our  colledge  and  coun- 
try have  received  so  many  of  its  worthy  men,  that  he  is  himself 
worthy  to  have  his  name  celebrated  in  ....  our  church  his- 
tory." 4  In  addition  to  his  English  scholars,  he  prepared  several 
Indians  for  the  College,  though  only  one  of  the  number  gradu- 
ated.5 By  the  records  of  the  "  Commissioners  of  the  United 
Colonies,"  it  appears  that  he  was  paid  <£6  9  4,  in  1658,  "  for 
teaching  the  Indians  at  Cambridge  and  the  charge  of  an  Indian 
that  died  in  his  sickness  and  funeral;"  also  X22,  in  1659, 
"  for  dieting  John  Stanton  for  some  time  not  reckoned  formerly, 
and  for  his  extraordinary  pains  in  teaching  the  Indian  scholars 
and  Mr.  Mahews  son  about  two  years."  Similar  payments  were 
made  to  him  in  1660  and  1661.  In  their  letter  to  the  corpora- 
tion in  England,  dated  Sept.  7,  1659,  the  Commissioners  say, 
"  there  are  five  Indian  youthes  att  Cambridge  in  the  lattin 
schoole,  whose  dilligence  and  profisiency  in  theire  studdies  doth 
much  encurrage  us  to  hope  that  God  is  fiting  them  and  prepar- 
ing them  for  good  instruments  in  this  great  and  desirable  worke  ; 
wee  have  good  testimony  from  those  that  are  prudent  and  pious, 
that  they  are  dilligent  in  theire  studdies  and  civell  in  theire  car- 
riage ;  and  from  the  Presedent  of  the  Colledge  ;  wee  had  this 
testimony  in  a  letter  directed  to  us  the  23  of  August  1659  in 

1  Rather,  "  they  may  be  received  into  8  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xvii.  132. 

the   Colledge  :   of   this   schoole,   Master  2  New  England's  First  Fruits,  p.  13. 

Corlet  is  the  Mr.  "      In  the   "  Errata,"  4  Magnolia,   Book    iii.,    Part    i.   App. 

without  any  more   definite   reference,  is  §  27. 

found  this  direction  :    "At  Colledge,  put  6  Caleb  Cheeshahteaumuck,  1665,  died 

a  colon."     There  is  no  other  place  in  the  1666. 
tract  where  the  change  is  so  much  needed. 


EDUCATION.  367 

these  words  :  the  Indians  in  Mr.  Corletts  scoole  were  examined 
oppenly  by  my  selfe  att  the  publicke  Commencement ;  consern- 
ing  theire  growth  in  the  knowledge  of  the  lattin  toungue ;  and 
for  their  time  they  gave  good  satisfaction  to  myselfe  and  also  to 
the  honored  and  Reverent  Overseers."  1 

Notwithstanding  Mr.  Corlett's  well-earned  fame,  and  his  abil- 
ity to  teach  both  English  and  Indians,  his  school  seems  never 
to  have  been  large,  nor  were  the  stated  fees  for  tuition  adequate 
for  his  support.     The  town  had  frequent  occasion  to  supply  the 
deficiency  by  special  grant.     In  1648,  "  It  was  agreed  at  a  meet- 
ing of  the  whole  town,  that  there  should  be  land  sold  of  the  com- 
mon, for  the  gratifying  of  Mr.  Corlett  for  his  pains  in  keeping  a 
"school  in  the  town,  the  sum  of  ten  pounds,  if  it  can  be  attained; 
provided  it  shall  not  prejudice  the  cow-common."     Forty  acres 
of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  were  sold,  for  this  purpose, 
to  Mr.  Edward  Jackson.     Again,  Jan.  29,  1654-5,  "  The  town 
consented  that  twenty  pounds  should  be  levied  upon  the  inhabit- 
ants', and  given  to  Mr.  Corlett,  for  his  present  encouragement  to 
continue  with  us."     March  25,  1662:    "The  townsmen  taking 
into  their  consideration  the  equity  of  allowance  to  be  made  to 
Mr.  Corlett,  for  his  maintenance  of   a  grammar  school  in  this 
town,  especially  considering  his  present  necessity  by  reason  of 
the  fewness  of  his  scholars,  do  order  and  agree  that  ten  pounds 
be  paid  to  him  out  of  the  public  stock  of  the  town."     Nov.  14, 
1684  :  "  Voted  on  the  aflfirmative,  that  Mr.  Elijah  Corlett  shall 
be  allowed  and   paid  out  of   the  town  rate,  annually,  twenty 
pounds,  for  so  long  as  he  continues  to  be  schoolmaster  in  this 
place."     The  colony  also  interposed  for  his  relief ;  and,  having 
previously  made  similar  grants,  on  the  7th  of  November,  1668, 
"  In  answer  to  the  petition  of   Mr.    Elijah    Corlet,  the    Court 
having  considered  of  the  petition,  and  being  informed  the  peti- 
tioner to  be  very  poor,  and  the  country  at  present  having  many 
engagements  to  satisfy,  judge  meet  to  grant  him  five  hundred 
acres  of  land  where  he  can  find  it,  according  to  law."2     The 
meagre  number  of  scholars  is  more  definitely  stated  in  an  official 
answer  of  the  town  to  certain  questions  proposed  by  the  County 
Court :    "  30  (1)  1680.     Our  Latin  Schoolmaster  is  Mr.  Elijah 
Corlitt ;  his  scholars  are  in  number  nine  at  present."  3     Under 
all  these  discouragements,  the  veteran  teacher  seems  to  have  per- 
severed bravely  up  to  the  close  of  his  life  ;  for  there  is  no  evid- 

*  Plym.  Col.  Rec.,  x.  217.  8  Middlesex  Court  Files,  1860. 

2  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.,  part  ii.,  p.  406. 


368  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ence  that  a  successor  was  elected  until  after  his  death.  Two 
manuscripts  have  been  preserved,  —  one  containing  a  reference 
to  him,  and  the  other  written  by  him,  —  which  seem  worthy  of 
publication  :  1.  In  a  letter  from  Thomas  Danforth  of  Cam- 
bridge to  Rev.  John  Cotton  of  Plymouth,  dated  Nov.  16,  1674, 
concerning  the  troubles  which  compelled  Dr.  Leonard  Hoar  to 
resign  the  Presidency  of  the  College,  the  writer  says,  —  k'  As  for 
the  Dr.'s  grievance,  you  do  not  I  suppose  wonder  at  it.  I 
doubt  not  but  he  hath  been  told  of  his  evill  in  that  matter  from 
more  hands  than  yours,  yet  he  does  justifie  his  own  innocency, 
and  I  perceive  that  Mr.  Corlet,  both  elder  and  younger,1  were  so 
taken  with  hopes  of  a  fellowship,  that  they  strenuously  sought  to 
excuse  the  Dr.  and  lay  the  blame  elsewhere ;  but  by  this  time  I 
suppose  are  out  of  hope  of  what  they  expected,  the  Colledge 
standing  in  more  need  of  students  than  of  rulers." 2  2.  Richard 
Cutter,  brother-in-law  to  Mr.  Corlett,  felt  aggrieved  at  a  decision 
of  the  County  Court  in  1659,  and  Mr.  Corlett  united  with  him  in 
petition  to  the  General  Court  for  relief;  the  petition  was  re- 
ferred to  the  County  Court  with  a  favorable  result.  At  the  same 
session,  the  General  Court,  upon  his  petition,  granted  to  Mr.  Cor- 
lett two  hundred  acres  of  land."  3  In  acknowledgment  of  both 
benefactions,  he  presented  his  thank-offering  to  the  magistrates 
of  the  County  Court,  who  were  also  members  of  the  General 
Court :  "  Much  honoured,  Mr.  Deputie  Governour,  Major  Wil- 
lard,  Mr.  Russell,  and  Mr.  Danforth  :  Elijah  Corlett,  who  was 
latelie  your  Worps  humble  petitioner  at  the  Generall  Court  in  my 
owne  behalfe,  for  land  ;  very  thankfull  and  humblie,  I  acknowl- 
edg  the  great  favour  and  good  will  of  that  Court  unto  mee  (and 
your  Wor1*8  my  good  friends  therein)  confering  upon  mee  200 
acres  of  land.  As  alsoe  touching  my  petition  in  the  behalfe  of 
Ric.  Cutter,  referred  to  the  full  and  finall  decision  of  this  hon- 
oured Court ;  I  most  humblie  and  thankfullie  acknowledg  your 
Worps  favour  in  your  rernarkeable  gentlenes  and  very  tender 
dealinge  with  a  sad,  afflicted,  weake  man,  inconsiderate  and  rash 
sometimes,  &c.,  your  goodnes  towards  him  will,  I  hope,  have  a 
good  effect  upon  him  to  mollifie  his  heart,  and  the  influence  of 
your  good  advice  you  left  with  him,  to  moderate  his  spirite. 
Soft  meanes  many  times  effects  what  rigour  cannot ;  and  mercie 
rejoiceth  against  (exulteth  over)  judgement.  Elijah  Corlett 

1  The   "younger"   was   Ammi-Ruha-        2  Harvard  College  Papers  (MSS.),i.  11. 
mah  Corlett,   H.  C.   1670,  who  obtained        8  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  iv.,  part  i.,  p.  397. 
th;  coveted  fellowship,  and  died  1679. 


EDUCATION.  369 

humblie  blesseth  God  for  you:  who  cause  judgment  to  run  down 
our  streets  like  water ;  where  mercie  likewise  has  its  current. 
Thus  heartielie  wishing  and  praying  for  your  happienes  and 
wellfare  in  the  Lord,  he  ever  remaines  acknowledging  himself 
your  Worps  most  obliged  humble  servant,  ELIJAH  CORLETT."  1 

The  successors  of  Mr.  Corlett  were  generally  young  men  fresh 
from  College.2  Very  few  of  them  appear  to  have  selected  teach- 
ing as  a  permanent  employment ;  only  one  indeed  died  in  the 
service,  namely,  Nicholas  Fessenden,  Jr.,  H.  C.  1701,  who  taught 
about  eighteen  years,  and  died  of  apoplexy  Oct.  5,  1719.  Wil- 
liam Fessenden,  Jr.,3  H.  C.  1737,  taught  the  school  eleven  years, 
from  1745  to  1756,  but  left  it  two  years  before  he  also  died  of 
apoplexy,  June  17,  1758.  Samuel  Danforth,  H.  C.  1715,  seems 
to  have  chosen  teaching  as  a  profession.  At  a  meeting  of  the 
selectmen,  Oct.  26,  1719,  it  is  recorded,  that  —  "  Whereas,  by 
reason  of  the  death  of  Mr.  Nicholas  Fessenden,  our  late  School- 
master, the  school  in  our  town  is  in  an  unsettled  condition  ;  and 
whereas,  Mr.  Samuel  Danforth  of  Dorchester  has  been  pleased  to 
manifest  his  inclinations  to  be  a  Schoolmaster  amongst  us,  and  to 
devote  himself  to  said  service :  Voted  and  agreed,  that  the  said 
Mr.  Samuel  Danforth  take  the  care  and  charge  of  said  school,  on 
the  same  terms  that  our  said  late  Schoolmaster  kept  it ;  and  that 
he  forthwith  provide  some  suitable  person  to  manage  said  school 
until  such  time  as  he  can  remove  amongst  us  himself  ;  which  Mr. 
Danforth  promised  to  comply  with."  After  eleven  years,  how- 
ever, Mr.  Danforth  retired  from  the  service,  and  for  many  years 
was  Judge  of  Probate,  Judge  of  Common  Pleas,  and  member  of 
the  Council.  All  the  others  seem  to  have  adopted  teaching  as  a 
temporary  expedient,  while  studying  some  other  profession,  or 
waiting  for  more  desirable  employment.4 

1  Middlesex  Court  Files,  1660.  Samuel  Kendall,  May,  1780;  Asa  Pack- 

2  John    Hancock  was  elected  teacher,  ard,  April,  1783;  Lemuel  Hedge,  July, 
Jan.,    1690-1;    John     Sparhawk,    Feb.,  1783.     All  these  teachers  were  graduates 
1692-3;   Nicholas  Fessenden,  Jr.,  about  of  Harvard  College.     I  have  not  found 
1701 ;  Samuel  Danforth,  Oct.,  1719  ;  John  the  materials  for  a  consecutive  list  at  a 
Hovey,  April,   1730;   Stephen  Coolidge,  later  period. 

May,   1730;   John    Hovey,   May,    1737;        8  Nephew  of  Nicholas  Fessenden,  Jr. 
Stephen   Coolidge,  May,   1741;  William        *  There  are  now  engaged  in  the  service 

Fessenden,  Jr.,  May,  1745  ;  James  Lov-  of   the  city  three  veterans,  whose  lives 

ell,  May,  1756  ;   Antipas  Steward,  about  have  been  devoted  to  this  work,  and  whose 

1760  ;  Ebenezer  Stedman,  Jr.,  about  terms  of  service  commenced  as  follows:  — 
1765;  Thomas  Colman,  July,  1770;  Jon-  Aaron  B.  Magoun,  Harvard  Grammar 

athan  Hastings,  Jr.,  May,   1772;    Jona-  School,  1838. 

than  Eames,  May,  1 776  ;  Elisha  Parmele,        Daniel  Mansfield,  Washington  Gram- 
May,  1778;  Aaron  Bancroft,  Aug.  1778;  mar  School,  1842. 
24 


370  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  first  school-house  known  to  have  been  erected  in  Cam- 
bridge stood  on  the  westerly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  about  mid- 
way between  Harvard  and  Mount  Auburn  streets.1  The  lot  was 
owned  in  1642  by  Henry  Dunster,  President  of  the  College  ;  it 
contained  a  quarter  of  an  acre  of  land,  on  which  there  was  then 
a  house,  which  was  not  his  dwelling-house.  There  are  reasons 
for  believing  that  the  "  faire  Grammar  Schoole  "  had  been  estab- 
lished in  that  house,  and  that  it  remained  there  five  or  six  years. 
It  seems  probable  that  the  "  school-house  "  mentioned  in  the 
following  "  agreement  "  was  afterwards  erected  on  that  lot,  and 
designed  for  that  school :  — 

"  Articles  of  agreement  between  Henry  Dunster  and  Edward 
Goffe  on  the  one  party  and  Nicholas  Withe  and  Richard  Wilson, 
Daniel  Hudson,  masons,  on  the  other  party,  witness  as  follow- 
eth:2 

"  1.  Impr.  That  we  Nicolas  Wite,  Richard  Wilson  and  Dan- 
iel Hudson,  masons,  have  undertaken  to  get  at  Charlestowne 
Rock  one  hundred  and  fifty  load  of  rock  stone,  and  to  lay  them 
in  convenient  place  whence  they  may  be  fetched  with  carts,  and 
that  betwene  this  present  third  month  1647  and  the  tenth  of  the 
ninth  month  next  ensuing,  for  the  which  stones  Henry  Dunster 
and  Edward  Goffe  covenant  to  pay  to  us  sixe  pence  the  load. 

"  2.  Item.  That  we  the  foresaid  three  masons  will  wal  or  lay 
the  said  stones  in  wall  for  twelve  pence  the  yard,  so  long  as  we 
lay  any  side  of  the  said  wall  within  the  ground,  and  the  other 
answering  wals  at  the  same  price  until  they  come  to  the  hight 
of  the  wal  that  lieth  within  the  grounde,  albeit  that  these  wals 
should  ly  both  sides  of  the  ground  to  the  open  ayre,  and  that 
wee  will  measure  all  this  cellar  or  in  ground  wall  within  the 
house. 

"  3.  Item.  That  we  will  lay  in  wal  the  saide  stones  above 
ground  a  foote  and  a  halfe  thick  at  the  least,  at  the  middle  story, 
and  soe  proportionally  gathering  in  until  it  end  in  the  wal  plats 

Benjamin  W.  Roberts,  Allston  Gram-  until  1769  ;  not  many  years  later,  a  print- 
mar  School,  1848.  ing  office  was  erected  on  nearly  if  not 

In  addition   to  these  should  be   men-  precisely  the  same  spot,  which  has  thus 

tioned   Dr.  Alvah    C.    Smith,   who  was  been  devoted  almost  continuously  to  the 

compelled  by  the  failure  of  his  health  in  cause  of  literature. 
1872   to   resign   the  office  of   Grammar        2  For  a  copy  of  these  "  articles  of  agree- 

Master,  to  which  he  was  elected  in  1845.  ment,"   made  by  him  from  the  original 

He  served  the  city  two  years  afterwards  in  1845,  I  am  indebted  to  John  Wingatc 

as  teacher  of  penmanship.  Thornton,  Esq.,  of  Boston. 

1  This  lot  was  used  for  a  school-house 


EDUCATION.  371 

or  eaves,  about  a  foote  thick,  for  eighteene  pence  a  yard,  making 
n  the  said  above  ground  wals,  where  Henry  Dunster  or  Edward 
Goffe  shal  apointe,  convenient  dore  ways,  arched  over  head,  and 
windowe  spaces  as  we  shal  be  ordered  and  directed  for  timber 
windowes  to  be  put  in  as  we  goe  up  with  the  wall,  one  of  which 
said  dore  ways,  and  as  many  window  spaces  as  shal  bee  judged 
convenient,  we  will  alsoe  make  in  the  cellar  wall  as  we  shall  be 
directed. 

"  4.  Item.  That  we  will  erect  a  chimney  below,  ten  foote 
wide  within  the  jaumes,  and  another  in  the  rome  above,  eight 
foote  ^  wide  within  the  jaumes,  in  the  place  where  we  shal  be 
directed,  whereof  if  the  jaumes  be  different  from  the  wal  of  the 
house  we  will  receive  eighteene  pence  a  yard  for  as  much  as  we 
wal  with  stone,  and  ten  shillings  a  thousand  for  what  square 
brickes  we  lay,  and  sixteene  shillings  a  thousand  for  the  bricks 
that  appear  out  of  the  roofe. 

"  5.  Item.  The  said  Henry  Dunster  and  Edward  Goffe  are  to 
prepare  and  lay  on  the  ground  in  redines,  within  forty  or  at  the 
most  fifty  foote  of  the  aforesaid  cellar,  al  the  aforesaid  brickes 
and  rock  stones  ;  but  the  saide  brickes.  as  many  as  shal  need  to 
be  cut,  are  to  be  done  by  the  sayde  masons.  The  convenient 
planckes  alsoe  and  poles  for  staging  are  to  be  laid  in  redines  by 
the  said  Henry  and  Edward,  and  the  stages  to  be  made  by  the 
said  masons. 

"  6.  Item.  The  2  gable  erides  of  the  foresaide  wals  or  schole- 
house  shall  be  wrought  up  in  battlement  fashion,  at  the  prize  of 
eighteene  pence  a  yard,  as  above  said. 

"  7.  Item.  The  foresaid  masons  by  these  presents  covenant 
that  they  wil  lath  the  roofe  of  the  aforesaid  scholehouse  and  tile 
the  same  at  sixe  shillings  the  thousand  the  tile. 

"  8.  Item.  The  said  masons  covenant  to  perfect  the  saide 
worke  that  is  herein  mentioned  before  the  first  of  the  sixth  month 
that  shal  be  in  the  yeare  one  thousand  sixe  hundred  forty-eight, 
provided  the  said  Henry  Dunster  and  Edward  Goffe  procure  all 
the  materials  requisite  of  stones,  brick,  timber,  clay,  lime,  sand, 
and  the  sayde  materials  lay  in  convenient  place. 

"  9.  Item.  It  is  the  true  intent  and  meaning  of  both  partyes, 
that  al  pay  specified  in  these  writings  should  be  such  as  is  re- 
ceived of  the  inhabitants  and  neighbours  of  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge, provided  it  bee  good  and  merchandible  in  its  kind,  whether 
corne  or  cattle,  and  to  goe  at  such  rates  as  now  it  is  payable  from 
man  to  man  when  the  aforesaid  masons  take  the  aforesaid  worke, 


372  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

that  is  to  say,  Wheat  at  4*.  Ry  at  3*  6d.     Indian  at  3*.     Pease  at 
3'.  6d.     Early  mault  at  4*  6d.  the  bushell. 

u  In  witness  of  the  premises  wee  for  our  parts  subscribe  our 
hands,  HENRIE  DUNSTER  [L.  s.] 

EDWABD  GOFFE    [L.  s.] 

"  Sealed,  signed,  indented  and  delivered 
in  presence  of  RICHARD  HILDRETH." 

It  would  seem  from  the  Records,  that  the  school-house  was  not 
erected  by  the  town  ;  but  that  certain  public-spirited  individuals, 
—  Mr.  Dunster  being  foremost  in  the  enterprise,  —  assumed  the 
responsibility,  and  defrayed  the  expense.  Under  date  of  Feb. 
10,  1655-6,  we  find  this  record :  "  Whereas  Mr.  Dunster  hath 
made  proposition  to  the  Townsmen  for  the  acquitting  and  dis- 
charging of  forty  pounds  upon  the  account  of  his  outlaying  for 
the  school-house  :  the  Townsmen  hereby  declare,  namely,  that 
as  they  cannot  yield  to  the  same,  for  the  reasons  before  men- 
tioned, yet  nevertheless,  if  Mr.  Dunster  shall  please  to  present 
any  proposition  concerning  his  outlayings  for  the  school-house  to 
the  town  when  met  together,  they  shall  be  willing  to  further  the 
same  according  to  justice  and  equity."  Perhaps  inconsequence 
of  some  such  proposition  by  Mr.  Dunster,  it  is  recorded  that  at  a 
meeting,  November  10,  1656,  'k  The  town  do  agree  and  consent 
that  there  shall  be  a  rate  made  to  the  value  of  .£108.  10s.  and 
levied  of  the  several  inhabitants,  for  the  payment  for  the  school- 
house  ;  provided  every  man  be  allowed  what  he  hath  already 
freely  contributed  thereto,  in  part  of  his  proportion  of  such  rate." 
Whatever  Mr.  Dunster  may  have  received  as  his  share  of  this 
assessment,  his  heirs  renewed  the  claim  for  further  renumeration, 
after  his  death,  with  partial  success :  Nov.  12,  1660.  "  As  a 
final  issue  of  all  complaints  referring  to  Mr.  Dunster's  expenses 
about  the  school-house,  although  in  strict  justice  nothing  doth 
appear  to  be  due,  it  being  done  by  a  voluntary  act  of  particular 
inhabitants  and  Mr.  Dunster ;  and  also  the  town  having  other- 
wise recompensed  Mr.  Dunster  for  his  labor  and  expenses  therein  ; 
yet  the  town,  considering  the  case  as  its  now  circumstanced,  and 
especially  the  condition  of  his  relict  widow  and  children,  do  agree 
that  thirty  pounds  be  levied  on  the  inhabitants  of  the  town,  by 
the  selectmen,  and  paid  to  Mr.  Dunster's  executors,  —  and  that 
on  condition  that  they  make  an  absolute  deed  of  sale  of  the  said 
house  and  land  to  the  town,  with  a  clear  acquittance  for  the  full 
payment  thereof."  A  school-house,  constructed  as  this  appar- 


EDUCATION.  373 

ently  was,  might  be  expected  to  stand  much  more  than  twenty 
years ;  but  the  record  shows  that  on  the  4th  of  October,  1669, 
"  at  a  meeting  of  the  selectmen,  Mr.  William  Manning  and  Fetter 
Towne  was  appointed  to  agree  with  workmen  to  take  down  the 
school-house  and  set  it  up  again  ;  and  to  carry  the  stones  in  the 
cellar  to  the  place  where  the  house  for  the  ministry  is  to  be 
built."  The  town  voted,  June  24,  1700,  to  build  a  new  school- 
house,  twenty-six  feet  in  length  and  twenty  feet  wide ;  and  in 
1769  it  was  ordered,  that  the  old  grammar  school-house  then 
standing  on  this  lot,  be  demolished,  and  that  a  new  house  be 
erected  on  the  southerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  about  a  hundred 
feet  westerly  from  Appian  Way.  This  house  was  removed  to 
Brighton  Street,  converted  into  a  dwelling-house,  and  succeeded 
by  a  larger  and  more  convenient  edifice  in  1832,  in  which  the 
Grammar  School  was  taught  until,  after  a  transitional  state  of  a 
few  years  duration,  it  was  merged  into  the  High  School. 

Besides  the  Grammar  School,  others  of  a  lower  grade  were 
established ;  but  their  scanty  patronage  affords  slight  ground  for 
boasting.  In  March,  1680,  when  it  was  certified  that  Master 
Corlett  had  only  nine  scholars,  it  was  added,  "  For  English,  our 
schooldame  is  good  wife  Healy  ;  at  present  but  nine  scholars. — 
Edward  Hall,  English  schoolmaster  ;  at  present  but  three  schol- 
ars." A  school  was  also  established  at  an  early  date  in  Menot- 
omy,  now  Arlington  :  Jan.  16,  1692-3.  "  It  was  voted  whether 
the  town  would  give  to  Menotomie  people  a  quarter  of  an  acre 
of  land,  upon  our  common,  near  Jasson  Russell's  house,  near  the 
highway,  for  the  accommodation  of  a  school-house;  and  it  was 
voted  on  the  affirmative,  so  long  as  it  was  improved  for  that 
use,  and  no  longer."  The  earliest  trace  which  I  have  seen  of  a 
school-house  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  afterwards  Brighton, 
is  in  1769,  in  which  year  new  houses  were  erected  in  three  sec- 
tions of  the  town.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Selectmen,  May  7,  1770, 
"  Voted,  To  give  an  order  on  the  Treasurer  to  pay  for  the  new 
school-houses  erected  in  the  town  the  last  year,  viz.  — 

"In  the  body  of  the  town,  £107.      2.  4.  1 

In  the  northwest  part,  50.    14.  6.  2 

In  the  south  part,  42.      3.   1.  1 


200.      0.  0.  0" 


Dr.  Holmes,  writing  in  1800,  says,  "  A  little  to  the  westward 
of  the  Episcopal  Church  is  the  grammar  school-house ;  where  a 


374  HISTORY   OF  CAMBEIDGE. 

town  school  is  kept  through  the  year.  Besides  this,  there  are 
six  school-houses  in  the  town ;  two  in  each  of  the  three  parishes."1 
Of  the  two  in  the  First  Parish,  one  undoubtedly  stood  at  the 
northeasterly  corner  of  Winthrop  and  Eliot  streets,  and  the  other 
probably  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Rus- 
sell Street.  The  Second  Parish  is  now  Arlington,  and  the  Third 
is  the  Brighton  District  of  Boston.  Before  the  incorporation  of 
the  second  and  third  parishes  as  separate  towns,  another  school- 
house  was  erected  in  1802,  at  the  northwesterly  corner  of  Wind- 
sor and  School  streets,  in  Cambridgeport,  on  a  lot  of  land  given 
to  the  town  by  Andrew  Bordman  ;  it  cost  about  six  hundred 
dollars,  of  which  sum  about  one  half  was  contributed  by  indi- 
viduals, and  the  remainder  was  paid  by  the  town.  Seven  years 
later,  in  1809,  the  population  of  Cambridgeport  having  rapidly 
increased,  yet  another  school-house  was  erected  on  the  southerly 
side  of  Franklin  Street,  about  midway  between  Magazine  and 
Pearl  streets,  on  a  lot  of  land  given  to  the  town  by  Chief  Justice 
Dana ;  it  cost  somewhat  more  than  eight  hundred  dollars,  of 
which  sum  the  town  paid  about  three  hundred  dollars,  and  the 
remainder  was  contributed  by  individuals.  After  the  inhabitants 
of  East  Cambridge  had  become  numerous,  and  had  repeatedly 
petitioned  therefor,  the  town,  in  1818,  appropriated  four  hundred 
dollars  for  a  school-house  on  the  easterly  side  of  Third  Street 
between  Gore  and  Bridge  streets  ;  the  remainder  of  the  expense 
was  raised  by  subscription.  In  1845,  the  School  Committee  de- 
scribed thirteen  school-houses,  then  standing,  and  their  cost,  so 
far  as  it  was  paid  by  the  town :  1.  The  NORTH  School-house, 
corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Russell  Street,  erected  in  1841  on 
the  site  of  a  former  house,  at  the  cost  of  $2,477,  exclusive  of  land. 
2.  WASHINGTON,  on  Garden  Street,  erected  in  1832  on  the  site 
of  a  former  house,  at  the  cost  of  $2,150.56,  besides  about  $1,000 
contributed  by  individuals.  3.  AUBURN,  in  School  Court,  erect- 
ed in  1838,  at  the  cost  of  $4,171.67.  4.  HARVARD,  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  between  Norfolk  and  Prospect 
streets,  erected  in  1843  (on  the  site  of  a  similar  house  which  was 
burned  in  March  of  that  year),  at  the  cost  of  $3,557.48,  besides 
the  land,  which  originally  cost  $500.  5.  FRANKLIN,  on  a  lot 
given  by  Judge  Dana,  erected  in  1809,  at  the  cost  to  the  town  of 
about  $300.  6.  MASON,  on  Front  Street,  opposite  to  Columbia 
Street,  erected  in  1835,  at  the  cost  of  $3,901.89.  7.  BOARDMAN, 
at  the  corner  of  Windsor  and  School  streets,  erected  in  1802,  on 
land  given  by  Andrew  Bordman,  at  the  cost  to  the  town  of  about 
1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  5. 


EDUCATION.  375 

8.  BROADWAY,  at  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Windsor 
Street  and  Broadway,  "erected  in  1838  for  the  accommoda- 
tion of  a  Classical  or  High  School  for  the  whole  town,"  at  the 
cost  of  $5,791.05.  9.  BKIDGE,  on  the  westerly  side  of  Pioneer 
Street,  between  Main  Street  and  Broadway,  erected  in  1836,  at 
the  cost  of  $1,055,  besides  the  land.  10.  OTIS,  on  Otis  Street, 
erected  in  1843,  at  the  cost  of  $5,406.78,  described  as  "  quite  a 
magnificent  structure."  11.  THORNDIKE,  on  Thorndike  Street, 
erected  in  1832,  and  enlarged  in  1840,  at  the  total  cost  of 
$2,585.31.  12.  PUTNAM,  on  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Otis 
and  Fourth  streets,  erected  in  1825  at  the  cost  of  $550  to  the 
town,  besides  about  $800  contributed  by  individuals.  13.  THIRD 
STREET,  on  the  easterly  side  of  Third  Street,  between  Gore  and 
Bridge  streets,  erected  in  1818,  at  the  cost  to  the  town  of  $400. 
During  the  thirty  years  since  the  date  of  this  Report,  several  of 
the  school-houses  then  standing  have  disappeared ;  but  other 
spacious  edifices  have  been  erected,  so  that,  instead  of  the  thir- 
teen houses  described  in  1845  as  having  cost  $32,646.67,  besides 
individual  subscriptions,  or  the  sixteen  houses,  valued  by  the 
Committee  on  Finance  in  1850  at  $80,000,  there  are  now  in  the 
city  twenty-six  school-houses,  which  have  cost  more  than  half  a 
million  dollars. 

The  earliest  record  which  I  have  found  of  the  election  of  a 
School  Committee  is  dated  May  21,  1744,  when  it  was  "  Voted, 
That  the  Hon.  Francis  Foxcroft  and  Sam1.  Danforth,  Esq8.,  Wm. 
Brattle,  and  Edmd.  Trowbridge,  Esq8.,  also  the  Hon.  Jona.  Rem- 
ington, Esq.,  be  a  committee  to  inspect  the  Grammar  School  in 
this  town,  and  to  inquire  (at  such  times  as  they  shall  think  meet') 
what  proficiency  the  youth  and  children  make  in  their  learning." 
Again,  May  7,  1770,  it  was  "  Voted,  That  a  committee  of  nine 
persons  be  and  hereby  are  fully  empowered  to  chuse  a  Grammar 
Schoolmaster  for  said  town,  —  the  Hon.  Judge  Danforth,  Judge 
Lee,  Col.  Oliver,  Judge  Sewall,  Mr.  Abraham  Watson,  Jr.,  Mr. 
Francis  Dana,  Major  Vassall,  Mr.  Samuel  Thacher,  Jr.,  Mr.  Pro- 
fessor Winthrop,  they  or  the  major  part  of  the  whole  being  noti- 
fied, and  that  said  committee  be  a  committee  of  inspection  upon 
the  said  schoolmaster,  and  that  said  committee  be  and  hereby 
are  empowered  to  regulate  said  school."  Generally,  however, 
the  schools  were  under  the  charge  of  the  Selectmen  until  March 
23,  1795,  when  a  committee,  consisting  of  Caleb  Gannett,1  Rev. 
1  Mr.  Gannett  declined,  and  Josiah  Moore  was  substituted. 


376  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Abiel  Holmes,  Maj.  John  Palmer,  William  Locke,  Jonathan 
Winship,  Rev.  John  Foster,  and  Rev.  Thaddeus  Fiske,  was 
"  chosen  for  the  purpose  of  superintending  the  schools  in  this 
town,  and  carrying  into  effect  the  School  Act.  The  only  mate- 
rial change  since  that  period  consists  in  the  appointment  of  a  Su- 
perintendent of  schools,  in  1868,  who  acts,  however,  under  the 
general  direction  of  the  School  Committee,  and  is  their  executive 
officer. 

At  a  town-meeting,  March  3,  1794,  a  committee  was  "  ap- 
pointed to  divide  the  town  into  school  districts,  as  the  law  directs, 
and  to  put  the  schools  into  operation."  Previously  the  school- 
money  was  distributed  among  the  "  wings  "or  "  precincts  "  of 
the  town  :  —  for  example,  twelve  pounds  were  granted,  in  May, 
1737,  to  "each  wing,"  for  winter  schools;  and  June  4,  1770, 
the  Selectmen  "  voted  to  give  an  order  on  the  Treasurer  to  pay 
the  town's  school-money  for  the  year  1769,  viz. :  — 

The  Body  of  the  Town's l  proportion  is  £40.     0.     0 
The  northwest  Precinct,2  18.  18.  11 

The  southwest  Precinct,3  15.  14.     6  =  74.  13.  5 

and  so  for  several  years  afterwards.  Again,  Aug.  4,  1777,  in 
consideration  of  the  diminished  value  of  the  currency,  it  was 
"  agreed  to  make  a  present  to  our  Grammar  Schoolmaster  for  his 
encouragement  to  continue  said  school  from  the  4th  day  of  last 
July  to  the  4th  day  of  October  next,  being  three  months,  the 
sum  of  four  pounds,  exclusive  of  the  sum  of  £60,  being  the  for- 
mer contract  for  one  year  ;  he  allowing  the  Hopkins  money  that 
he  may  receive  for  said  term,  as  before.  Also  that  the  wings  of 
the  town  shall  have  the  same  allowance  in  proportion."  Subse- 
quently the  present  territory  of  Cambridge  was  divided  into 
three,  and  still  later  into  five  districts :  (1.)  Old  Cambridge, 
south  of  the  Railroad :  (2.)  The  section  north  of  the  Railroad  ; 
(3.)  Cambridgeport,  west  of  Columbia  Street ;  (4.)  East  of  Co- 
lumbia Street ;  (5.)  East  Cambridge.  It  was  ordered,  March  1, 
1802,  that  in  the  first  of  these  districts,  there  should  be  a  Gram- 
mar School  the  whole  year,  and  a  school  for  female  children  four 
months  ;  in  the  second  district,  a  school  for  four  months  ;  and  in 
the  third,  fourth,  and  fifth,  then  included  in  a  single  district, 
four  months  ;  "  being  the  quantity  required  by  law,  according  to 
the  number  of  families  in  the  town."  May  4, 1829,  a  committee 

1  What  is  now  the  City  of  Cambridge.        8  Now  Brighton  or  Boston. 

2  Now  Arlington. 


EDUCATION. 


377 


reported  the  amount  of  valuation,  the  number  of  children  be- 
tween the  ages  of  three  and  seventeen  years,  and  the  duration  of 
the  schools  in  each  of  the  five  districts  before  described, — 12 
months  of  school  taught  by  a  female  being  reckoned  as  equiva- 
lent to  4  months  of  a  master's  school. 


District. 

Valuation. 

No.  of  Children. 

Months. 

1 

1,290,245 

350 

16| 

2 

141,340 

80 

5 

3 

630,395 

362 

16* 

4 

359,535 

298 

16 

5 

725,662 

557 

16f 

An  entirely  new  system 1  was  adopted  Oct.  6,  1834,  when  the 
town  voted  to  abolish  the  five  school  districts,  or  to  merge  them 
into  three  Wards,  namely,  the  first  and  second  districts  into 
Ward  One  ;  the  third  and  fourth  into  Ward  Two  ;  and  the  fifth 
into  Ward  Three.  The  schools  were  graded,  and  designated  as 
Grammar,  Middle,  and  Primary,  in  each  ward.  It  was  ordered 
that  schools  should  be  maintained  in  the  several  Wards  as 
follows :  Ward  One  to  be  in  two  sections,  of  which  the  first 
should  have  one  Grammar  School,  one  Middle,  and  one  Primary, 
and  the  second,  schools  equivalent  to  one  female  school  for  the 
whole  year ;  Ward  Two  should  have  one  Grammar  School,  one 
Middle,  and  three  Primary  ;  Ward  Three  should  have  one  Gram- 
mar School,  one  Middle,  and  one  Primary.  In  addition  to  these 
a  High  School  was  established  in  1839  for  the  whole  town.2  In 
this  school  since  1854,  has  been  given  the  instruction  contem- 
plated in  the  will  of  Governor  Edward  Hopkins,  who  died  in 
England  in  1657,  namely,  "  to  give  some  encouragement  in  those 
Foreign  Plantations,  for  the  breeding  up  of  hopeful  youth  in  a 
way  of  learning,  both  at  the  Grammar  School  and  College,  for 
the  service  of  the  Country  in  future  times."  Five  hundred 
pounds  of  his  donation  were  assigned  to  the  College  and  School 
in  Cambridge.  "  Three  fourths  of  the  income  of  this  estate," 


1  Concerning  this  change  from  the  dis- 
trict system  to  that  of  regular  gradation, 
Hon.  James  D.  Green,  in  his  Inaugural 
Address,  as  Mayor  of  the  City,  in  1853, 
says :  "  I  claim  for  the  town  of  Cambridge 
the  honor  of  having  introduced  it  into 
this  Commonwealth,  and  of  having  car- 


ried it  to  the  greatest  degree  of  complete- 
ness." 

2  The  first  High  School-house  was  on 
the  corner  of  Windsor  Street  and  Broad- 
way ;  the  second,  on  Summer  Street, 
between  Inman  and  Amory  streets ; 
and  the  third  on  the  northeasterly  corner 
of  Fayette  Street  and  Broadway. 


378  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

says  Dr.  Holmes,  in  1800,  "  are  applied,  according  to  the  in- 
struction of  the  will  of  the  donor,  to  the  maintenance  of  five 
resident  Bachelors  of  Arts  at  Harvard  College,  and  the  other 
fourth  '  to  the  Master  of  Cambridge  Grammar  School,  in  consid- 
eration of  his  instructing  in  grammar  learning  five  boys  nomi- 
nated by  the  President  and  Fellows  of  Harvard  College,  and  the 
Minister  of  Cambridge  for  the  time  being,'  who  are,  by  the  will, 
4  Visitors  of  said  School.'  "  l  Some  of  the  subsequent  changes  in 
the  management  of  the  "Hopkins  Fund"  are  described  in  the 
Report  of  the  School  Committee  of  1869  :  — 

"  We  sometimes  hear  complaints  that  our  High  School  is  essen- 
tially a  classical  school.  This  we  deny  ;  it  should,  however,  be 
remembered  that  it  ought  to  be  really  more  than  a  High  School 
under  our  statutes.  In  1839,  the  Legislature  authorized  '  the 
trustees  of  the  charity  of  Edward  Hopkins,'  who  was  the  second 
governor  of  the  Connecticut  colony,  '  to  establish  in  the  town  of 
Cambridge  a  classical  school,  the  main  object  of  which  shall  be  to 
prepare  boys  for  admission  to  Harvard  University,'  and  '  to  apply 
one  fourth  part  of  the  net  income  of  their  funds  to  the  support  of 
said  school.'  This  school  was  accordingly  established.2  It  was 
provided,  however,  in  the  act  above  referred  to,  that  at  any  time 
thereafter,  when  the  school  should  '  cease  to  be  supported  in  said 
town,  the  trustees  shall  annually  pay  over  the  said  fourth  part  of 
the  net  income  of  their  funds  to  the  treasurer  of  the  town  of 
Cambridge,  on  condition  that  the  said  town  of  Cambridge  shall 
provide  and  maintain  a  school,  and  perform  and  comply  with  the 
other  duties  and  provisions  contained  in  the  next  section  of  this 
act.'  The  next  section  is  as  follows :  '  The  town  of  Cambridge 
shall  annually  apply  so  much  of  said  income  as  may  at  any  time 
hereafter  be  paid  to  the  treasurer  thereof,  in  pursuance  of  the 
preceding  section,  to  the  instruction  of  nine  boys  in  the  learning 
requisite  for  admission  to  Harvard  University  ;  the  said  instruc- 
tion to  be  furnished  in  a  public  school  in  said  town,  the  instructor 
of  which  shall  be  at  all  times  competent  to  give  such  instruction  ; 
and  said  town  shall,  so  long  as  said  income  shall  continue  to  be 
paid,  receive  into  said  school,  and  admit  to  all  the  benefits, 
privileges,  and  advantages  thereof,  free  of  expense,  any  number 
of  boys  not  exceeding  nine  at  any  time,  who,  being  properly 
qualified,  shall  be  selected  and  presented  for  admission  thereto, 
by  the  President  and  Fellows  of  Harvard  College,  and  the  Min- 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  vii.  22,  23.  erly  side  of  Main  Street,  a  few  rods  west- 

2  In  a  house  which  stood  on  the  south-    erly  from  Dana  Street. 


EDUCATION.  379 

ister  of  the  First  Church  in  Cambridge,  who  shall  be  the  visitors 
of  said  school  for  the  purpose  of  seeing  that  the  duties  and  pro- 
visions in  this  section  are  duly  complied  with  and  performed.' 
In  1854,  the  trustees  proposed  to  the  city  to  discontinue  the 
Hopkins  School,  and,  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  the  statute 
above  recited,  to  transfer  to  the  city  that  portion  of  the  income 
of  their  fund  which  had  been  previously  applied  to  the  support  of 
that  school  ;  this  proposition  was  accepted  by  the  city,  which 
thereby  assumed  the  obligations  above  quoted,  and  the  school 
Committee  of  that  year  immediately  acted  in  fulfilment  of  those 
obligations,  by  appointing  a  Hopkins  classical  teacher.  It  is  not 
for  us  to  pass  upon  the  wisdom  of  the  contract  thus  entered  into 
by  the  city,  but  we  will  ask  those  who  may  be  inclined  to  think 
our  High  School  too  much  a  classical  school,  whether  it  can  be 
any  less  so  without  a  violation  of  that  contract." 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  the  compensation  paid  to  the 
pioneer  master  of  the  Grammar  School  was  meagre.  He  prob- 
ably received  about  £1  10$.  per  annum  from  the  Hopkins  Char- 
ity, with  a  small  tuition-fee  for  each  scholar ;  in  addition  to  which 
occasional  special  grants  from  the  town  and  colony  served  to  eke 
out  a  precarious  subsistence.  His  successors  for  more  than  a 
century,  received  a  very  moderate  stipend.  Nov.  9,  1691,  "it 
was  put  to  vote,  whether  there  should  be  given  by  the  town,  in 
common  pay,  annually,  to  a  schoolmaster,  twelve  pounds,  and  it 
was  voted  on  the  affirmative,  to  teach  both  Latin  and  English, 
and  to  write  and  cypher;"  and  June  27,  1692,  "it  was  voted  to 
pay  the  schoolmaster  twenty  pounds  per  annum  in  common  pay." 
The  Grammar  School  was  made  a  Free  School 1  May  16,  1737, 
and,  in  consideration,  it  would  seem,  of  the  discontinuance  of  a 
tuition-fee,  the  salary  of  the  master  was  increased.  It  was  then 
"  put  to  vote  whether  the  Grammar  School  in  our  town  should 
be  a  Free  School  for  the  year  ensuing,  and  it  passed  in  the  affir- 
mative. Also  voted,  that  the  sum  of  forty  pounds  be  paid  Mr. 
Hovey  for  his  service  as  schoolmaster  for  the  year  ensuing.  Also 
voted,  that  twelve  pounds  be  paid  each  wing  in  our  town,  to  de- 
fray the  charge  of  their  schools  in  the  winter  season."  This 

1  Notwithstanding  this  vote,  the  schol-  boy,  not  exceeding  six  shillings  old  tenor, 

iirs  were  not  wholly  exempt  from  expense,  from  time  to  time,  as  there  shall  be  oc- 

At  a  town-meeting,  Nov.  28,  1748,  it  was  casion  to  purchase  wood  for  the  use  of 

"  Voted,  that  the  Grammar  Schoolmaster  said   Grammar   School."      If   not   paid, 

in  this  town  be  desired  and  is  hereby  em-  delinquent   pupils   were   to   be  excluded 

powered  to  make  a  tax  on  every  school-  from  the  school. 


380  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

salary  remained  stationary  until  1777,  when  it  was  advanced  to 
sixty  pounds  ;  but  as  an  offset  the  master  was  required  to  relin- 
quish all  claim  to  the  "  Hopkins  money."  During  the  Revolu- 
tion, all  values  became  unsettled  and  fluctuating.  The  school- 
master was  partially  protected,  however,  by  an  agreement  that 
the  town  should  pay  for  his  board  in  addition  to  the  stipend  from 
time  to  time  established.  We  obtain  a  glimpse  of  the  financial 
disturbances  at  that  period  from  the  records  of  the  Selectmen. 
For  example :  Sept.  4,  1780.  "  Allowed  the  schoolmaster 
Kendall  his  account  from  July  7,  1780,  to  Sept.  2d.,  £407  4s., 
including  two  weeks  boarding  at  £50,  per  week,  and  allowing 
£8,  per  week,  above  what  he  charged  some  time  before,  for  eight 
weeks  board."  Oct.  1, 1780.  "  Allowed  to  Mr.  Wm.  How  £90, 
for  boarding  Mr.  Kendall  two  weeks,  and  .£55,  per  week,  for 
boarding  him  four  weeks,  £220,  being  in  the  whole  £310.  It  is 
too  much,  and  the  account  was  allowed  by  the  selectmen  for  pru- 
dential reasons,  but  sorely  against  their  wills."  Dec.  18,  1780. 
"  Allowed  Mr.  Kendall's  account  (schoolmaster's)  to  this  day,  at 
£380,  if  paid  within  one  week,  otherwise  to  be  £400.  Soon  af- 
terwards a  more  stable  currency  was  introduced,  and  the  former 
was  withdrawn.  The  Selectmen,  May  9,  1781,  "  allowed  Master 
Whittemore's  account  of  £1,000,  in  old  emission,  to  be  paid  in 
new  emission  at  one  for  forty."  Under  this  new  state  of  things 
Master  Kendall's  salary  was  fixed  at  thirty  pounds  and  his  board, 
as  appears  by  a  vote  of  the  Selectmen,  April  7, 1783,  "  to  engage 
with  Mr.  Asa  Packard  to  keep  the  Grammar  School  in  this  town 
for  three  months,  to  commence  on  Thursday  next,1  at  the  rate  of 
thirty  pounds  per  annum,  and  his  board  to  be  found  for  him,  it 
being  upon  the  same  terms  that  Mr.  Kendall  kept  it."  Fifty 
years  later,  it  appears  by  the  Report  of  the  Auditing  Committee, 
April  19,  1833,  that  the  salary  of  the  schoolmasters  (of  whom 
there  were  then  five)  was  five  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  —  each 
providing  his  own  board  ;  since  which  time  the  amount  of  salary 
has  been  more  than  quadrupled. 

The  following  tables  exhibit  the  condition  of  the  schools,  and 
cost  for  instruction,  as  stated  in  a  "  Tabular  View  of  the  Public 
Schools  of  Cambridge,  Jan.  1,  1876,"  appended  to  the  Report  of 
the  School  Committee. 

1  Mr.  Samuel  Kendall  closed  his  three  1782.     He  was  ordaine.1  at  Western  Nov. 

years'    service    April    10,    1783,    having  5,  1783,  where  he  died  Feb.  16,  1814.    He 

taught  the  Grammar  School  more  than  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Yale 

two  years  before  he  graduated  at  H.  C.  College,  1806. 


EDUCATION. 


381 


Grade. 

No.  Teachers. 

No.  Pupils. 

Cost  of  Instruction. 

For  each  Pupil. 

High  School  . 
7  Grammar  . 
20  Primary  . 
Music  .... 

12 

88 
83 
1 

402 
3,445 

3,701 

$21,700 
76,850 
57,400 
2,500 

$53.98 
22.31 
15.51 

Superintendent 

- 

- 

3,000 

- 

184 

7,548 

$161,450 

$21.14 

Female 
Teachers. 

Salary. 

Amount. 

Male 
Teachers. 

Salary. 

Amount. 

1 

7 
7 

.$1,200 
1,000 
850 

$1,200 
7,000 
5,950 

1 
1 
11 

$4,000 
3,000 
2,500 

$4,000 
3,000 
27,500 

25 
116 

800 
700 

20,000 
81,200 

13 

Fe-    17, 
male    t  •  I 

-     - 

34,500 
123,950 

11 
4 

600 
500 

6,600 
2,000 

184 

Superin-     ) 
tendent    j 

-     - 

158,450 
3,000 

171 

$123,950 

i 

$161,450 

An  additional  expense  of 
Schools  for  Adults."  * 


>,862.44  was  incurred  for  "  Evening 


1  In  his  Inaugural  Address,  Jan.  1,  1877,  the  Mayor  says  that,  with  29  schools, 
176  teachers,  and  7,554  pupils,  the  amount  expended  during  the  year  1876,  on  account 
of  schools,  was :  — 

"  For  General  Instruction $159,318.00 

Instruction  for  Evening  Schools     .     .     .     .  • 5,881.50 

Furniture  and  Apparatus  for  Evening  Schools 2,126.47 

Care  and  Repair  of  School-houses 32,052.43 

Alterations  of  School-houses 1,636.50 

Books  for  Indigent  Scholars 3,166.89 

Stationery,  etc.,  for  Schools       406.77 

Truant  Officers 5,500.00 


Total 


$210.088.57  " 


CHAPTER  XX. 

INDIAN   HISTORY. 

IN  describing  the  original  settlement  of  Cambridge  by  the 
English,  the  author  of  "  Wonder-working  Providence  "  calls  at- 
tention to  their  preservation  when  "they  were  in  guch  great 
straites  for  foode  " ;  and  what  "  was  more  remarkable,  when 
they  had  scarce  houses  to  shelter  themselves,  and  no  doores  to 
hinder  the  Indians  accesse  to  all  they  had  in  them,  yet  did  the 
Lord  so  awe  their  hearts,  that  although  they  frequented  the 
Englishmens  places  of  aboade,  where  their  whole  substance,  weake 
wives,  and  little  ones,  lay  open  to  their  plunder  during  their  ab- 
sence, being  whole  dayes  at  Sabbath-assemblies,  yet  had  they 
none  of  their  food  or  stuffe  diminished,  neither  children  nor  wives 
hurt  in  the  least  measure,  although  the  Indians  came  commonly 
to  them  at  those  times,  much  hungry  belly  (as  they  use  to  say) 
and  were  then  in  number  and  strength  beyond  the  English  by 
far.'' *  There  may  have  been  some  Indians  in  the  easterly  part 
of  the  town,  as  in  old  records  that  section  is  sometimes  styled 
"  Wigwam  Neck  "  ;  but  the  far  greater  number  probably  dwelt 
near  Menotomy  River  and  Mystic  Pond.  They  were  subject  to 
the  "  Squaw-sachem,"  formerly  wife  of  Nanepashemet,  who  is 
mentioned  in  "  Mourt's  Relation."  A  party  from  Plymouth 
visited  the  Indians  at  "  the  bottom  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay," 
whose  sachem,  Obbatinewat,  a  subject  of  Massasoit,  "  used  us 
very  kindly  ;  he  told  us  he  durst  not  then  remain  in  any  settled 
place,  for  fear  of  the  Tarentines.  Also  the  squaw-sachim,  or 
Massachusetts  queen  was  an  enemy  to  him."  2  On  promise  of 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xiii.  138.  County  Court  (1662),  testifying  that  he 

2  Charles  River,  anciently  called  Quin-  was  present  when  the  Squaw-sachem  and 
eboquin,  was   the   natural  boundary   be-  her  husband  in  1639   "did  give  and  sell 
tween     these    two    hostile    tribes.      The  unto  Charlestown  all  their  lands  within 
Squaw-sachem  seems  to  have  resided  on  the  limits  of  Charlestown,  except  that  on 
the  westerly  side  of  Mystic  Pond.    A  dep-  the  west   side  of  the  Ponds  called  Mis- 
osition  of  Edward  Johnson   is  preserved  ticke,  where  their  wigwam  then  stood,  which 
among    the    papers    of    the    Middlesex  they  reserved  for  term  of  her  life,"  etc. 


INDIAN   HISTORY.  383 

protection,  however,  he  "  went  along  with  us,  to  bring  us  to  the 
squaw-sachim."  Crossing  the  bay  to  its  northerly  side,  "we 
went  ashore,  all  but  two  men,  and  marched  in  arms  up  in  the 
country.  Having  gone  three  miles,  we  came  to  a  place  where 
corn  had  been  newly  gathered,  a  house  pulled  down,  and  the 
people  gone.  A  mile  from  hence,  Nanepashemet  their  king  in 
his  life-time  had  lived.  His  house  was  not  like  others,  but  a 
scaffold  was  largely  built,  with  poles  and  planks  some  six  foot 
from  ground,  and  the  house  upon  that,  being  situated  on  the  top 
of  a  hill.  Not  far  from  hence  in  a  bottom,  we  came  to  a  fort 
built  by  their  deceased  king,  the  manner  thus  :  there  were  poles 
some  thirty  or  forty  foot  long,  stuck  in  the  ground  as  thick  as 
they  could  be  set  one  by  another,  and  with  these  they  enclosed 
a  ring  some  forty  or  fifty  foot  over.  A  trench  breast  high  was 
digged  on  each  side  ;  one  way  there  was  to  go  into  it  with  a 
bridge ;  in  the  midst  of  this  palisado  stood  the  frame  of  a  house, 
wherein  being  dead  he  lay  buried.  About  a  mile  from  hence, 
we  came  to  such  another,  but  seated  on  the  top  of  an  hill ;  here 
Nanepashemet  was  killed,  none  dwelling  in  it  since  the  time  of 
his  death." l  After  his  decease,  his  widow  administered  the  gov- 
ernment of  the  tribe  as  squaw-sachem,  and  married  Webcowits, 
her  principal  powwow,  conjurer,  or  medicine  man.  By  this  mar- 
riage, however,  he  did  not  become  a  sachem,  or  king,  but  merely 
a  prince-consort. 

In  the  "  First  General  Letter  of  the  Governor  and  Deputy  of 
the  New  England  Company  for  a  Plantation  in  Massachusetts 
Bay,  to  the  Governor  and  Council  for  London's  Plantation  in  the 
Massachusetts  Bay  in  New  England,"  dated  "  In  Gravesend 
the  17th  of  April,  1629,"  is  this  important  direction,  —  "  If  any 
of  the  salvages  pretend  right  of  inheritance  to  all  or  any  part  of 
the  lands  granted  in  our  pattent,  wee  pray  you  endeavour  to  pur- 
chase their  tytle,  that  wee  may  avoyde  the  least  scruple  of  intru- 
sion." 2  Accordingly,  at  the  session  of  the  General  Court,  March 
13,  1638-9,  "  Mr.  Gibons  was  desired  to  agree  with  the  Indians 
for  the  land  within  the  bounds  of  Watertowne,  Cambridge,  and 
Boston."  3  The  deed  of  conveyance,  or  release  of  title,  I  have 
not  been  able  to  find  ;  yet  there  is  sufficient  evidence  that  the 
purchase  was  made  of  the  squaw-sachem,  and  that  the  price  was 
duly  paid.  The  General  Court  ordered,  May  20, 1640,  "that  the 
13'.  8*.  6d.  layd  out  by  Capt.  Gibons  shall  bee  paid  him,  vid. : 

i  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xix.  57,  58.  »  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  254. 

-  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  394. 


384  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

13'.  8*.  6d.  by  Watertowne  and  10*.  by  Cambridge ;  and  also 
Cambridge  is  to  give  Squa-Sachem  a  coate  every  winter  while 
shee  liveth."  J  This  sale  or  conveyance  to  Cambridge  is  recog- 
nized in  a  deed  executed  Jan.  13, 1639,  by  the  "  Squa-Sachem  of 
Misticke  "  and  her  husband  Webcowits,  whereby  they  conveyed 
to  Jotham  Gibbons  "  the  reversion  of  all  that  parcel  of  land 
which  lies  against  the  ponds  at  Mistick  aforesaid,  together  with 
the  said  ponds,  all  which  we  reserved  from  Charlestown  and 
Cambridge,  late  called  Newtowne,  and  all  hereditaments  and  ap- 
purtenances thereunto  belonging,  after  the  death  of  me  the  said 
Squa-Sachem."  2  The  inhabitants  of  Cambridge  lived  on  friendly 
terms  with  the  Indians  ;  at  least,  no  evidence  appears  to  the  con- 
trary. They  paid  their  allotted  dues  to  the  Squa-Sachem,  and 
made  full  compensation  for  all  losses  which  she  sustained  through 
their  default.  The  Town  Records  show  that,  on  the  10th  of 
April,  1643,  "•  agreed  with  the  Indians,  by  the  present  townsmen, 
to  pay  to  Squa-Sachem  8  bushels  of  Indian  corn,  after  next  har- 
vest. It  is  agreed  likewise,  that  George  Cooke  being  at  the 
charge  to  make  a  fence  of  two  sufficient  rails  in  the  town  line, 
about  half  a  mile  in  length,  the  fence  to  begin  at  the  outside  of 
George  Cooke's  land,  running  out  northward  to  meet  Captain 
Gibbines  his  fence,  to  secure  the  Indian's  corn,  it  is  agreed  that 
the  town  will. pay  for  the  making  the  fence."  Again,  Nov.  11, 
1643,  "  Agreed,  that  the  cow-keepers  shall  pay  six  bushels  of  corn 
to  Squa-Sachem,  for  the  damage  done  to  her  corn,  upon  the  Sab- 
bath day,  through  the  neglect  of  the  keepers,  in  the  year  1642." 

On  the  8th  of  March,  1643-4,  the  "  Squa-Sachim  "  with  four 
other  Indian  rulers,  voluntarily  put  herself  "  under  the  govern- 
ment and  jurisdiction  of  the  Massachusetts,  to  be  governed  and 
protected  by  them,"  and  promised  "  to  be  true  and  faithful  to 
the  said  government."  3  She  is  supposed  to  have  died  not  lorif 
before  1662,  when  a  claim  was  made  for  land  in  which  she  had 
reserved  a  life  estate.4 

One  of  the  Indian  Chiefs,  who  united  with  the  Squaw-sachem 
in  this  act  of  submission  to  "the  government  and  jurisdiction  of 
the  Massachusetts,"  was  Cutshamache,  Cutshamakin,  or  Kucha- 
makin,  who  resided  "  at  a  place  called  Nepousitt,  within  the 

1  Mass.  Coll.  Rec.,  i.  292.  marks,  it  bears  the  autographs  of  John 

2  The  original  deed  is  preserved  in  the  Winthrop,  John  Endicott,  Richard  Sal- 
files  of  the  Middlesex  County  Court,  1662,  tonstall,    Thomas   Flint,   Thomas    Dan- 
having  l>e 'n  used  as  evidence  in  a  legal  forth,  and  William  Aspinwall. 
controversy   concerning   the    lands    con-  8  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  ii.  55. 

veyed   to  Gibbons.     Besides   the  Indian        *  Brooks'  Hist.  Medford,  p.  74. 


INDIAN  HISTORY.  385 

bounds  of  Dorchester."  1  His  authority  extended  over  those 
who  dwelt  at  Nonantum,  which  was  then  included  in  Cambridge. 
With  these  Indian  neighbors  the  English  maintained  peace.  In 
one  respect  their  relations  were  peculiarly  interesting.  When 
Rev.  John  Eliot  commenced  the  public  labors  of  his  mission, 
"  the  first  place  he  began  to  preach  at  was  Nonantum,  near 
Watertown  Mill,  upon  the  south  side  of  Charles  River,  about 
four  or  five  miles  from  his  own  house,  where  lived  at  that  time 
Waban,  one  of  their  principal  men,  and  some  Indians  with 
him."  2  Eliot  had  previously  devoted  much  time  to  the  task  of 
acquiring  a  competent  knowledge  of  the  Indian  language,  and 
had  imparted  religious  instruction  to  individuals,  as  he  had  op- 
portunity. At  length  he  commenced  his  public  ministry  to  the 
heathen,  as  thus  related  by  himself :  "  Upon  October  28,  1646, 
four  of  us  (having  sought  God)  went  unto  the  Indians  inhabiting 
within  our  bounds,  with  a  desire  to  make  known  the  things  of 
their  peace  to  them.  A  little  before  we  came  to  their  Wigwams, 
five  or  six  of  the  chief  of  them  met  us  with  English  salutations, 
bidding  us  much  welcome ;  who  leading  us  into  the  principal 
wigwam  of  Waaubon,  we  found  many  more  Indians,  men, 
women,  children,  gathered  together  from  all  quarters  round 
about,  according  to  appointment,  to  meet  with  us,  and  learn  of 
us.  Waaubon,  the  chief  minister  of  justice  among  them,  exhort- 
ing and  inviting  them  before  thereunto,  being  one  who  gives  more 
grounded  hopes  of  serious  respect  to  the  things  of  God  than  any 
that  as  yet  I  have  known  of  that  forlorn  generation,"  etc.3  My 
prescribed  limits  will  not  admit  a  particular  account  of  this  prim- 
itive Christian  mission  to  the  Indians.  Briefly,  they  were  visited 
in  a  similar  manner,  November  11  and  26,  and  December  9,  in 
the  same  year.  At  these  several  meetings,  by  prayers,  and  ser- 
mons, and  familiar  questions  and  answers,  an  earnest  effort  was 
made  to  impart  to  them  a  knowledge  of  the  Gospel.  A  particu- 
lar description  of  the  means  used,  and  of  the  encouraging  results, 
is  given  by  Eliot  in  a  tract  entitled,  "  The  Day-breaking  if  not 
the  Sun-rising  of  the  Gospel  with  the  Indians  in  New  England," 
printed  at  London,  1647,  and  reprinted  in  the  Collections  of  the 
Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  xxiv.  1—23.  In  this  missionary 
work,  Mr.  Eliot  was  assisted  by  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard  of  Cam- 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  169.     He  is  of  land  in  Dorchester  to  Richard  Colle- 

styled  "  Sagamore  of  the  Massachusetts,"  cott   "for  the  use  of  the   plantation   of 

in  his  sale  of  land  in  Andover  to  John  Dorchester."  —  Mass.  Arch.,  xxx.  7,  15. 

Woodbridge  and  his  associates,  and  "  Sa-  2  Ibid.,  p.  168. 

chem  of  Massachusetts  "  in  a  similar  sale  8  Coll.  Mas*.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxiv.  3. 
25 


386  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

bridge  and  others.  In  a  tract  entitled  "  The  Clear  Sunshine  of 
the  Gospel  breaking  forth  upon  the  Indians  in  New  England," 
printed  at  London,  1648,  Mr.  Shepard  says,  "  As  soone  as  ever 
the  fiercenesse  of  the  winter  was  past,  March  3,  1647,  I  went  out 
to  Noonanetuni  to  the  Indian  Lecture,  where  Mr.  Wilson,  Mr. 
Allen  of  Dedham,  Mr.  Dunster,  beside  many  other  Christians 
were  present."  1  At  a  later  day,  Mr.  Eliot  was  assisted  by  his 
son  John  (H.  C.  1656),  by  Daniel  Gookin,  son  of  General 
Gookin  (H.  C.  1669),  and  by  others.  For  several  years,  the 
mission  was  successful  beyond  all  reasonable  expectation.  The 
Indians  at  Nonantum  soon  became  so  far  civilized  as  well  as 
Christianized,  that  they  desired  to  live  in  a  more  orderly  way. 
Accordingly  a  tract  of  land,  called  by  the  natives  Natick,  or  a 
Place  of  Hills,  was  assigned  by  the  General  Court,  for  their  ex- 
clusive use.  "  In  the  year  16ol,  the  town  of  Natick  was  set- 
tled. It  consisted  of  three  long  streets,  two  on  the  north  and 
one  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  with  a  bridge  eighty  feet  long, 
and  eight  feet  high,  and  stone  foundations,-  the  whole  being  built 
by  the  Indians  themselves.  To  each  house  situated  on  these 
streets  was  attached  a  piece  of  land.  The  houses  were  in  the 
Indian  style.  One  house,  larger  and  more  commodious  than  the 
rest,  was  built  in  the  English  style.  One  apartment  of  it  was 
used  as  a  school-room  on  week-days,  and  as  a  place  of  worship  on 
the  Sabbath.  The  upper  room  was  a  kind  of  wardrobe,  where 
the  Indians  hung  up  their  skins  and  other  valuables.  In  the 
corner  of  this  room  was  partitioned  off  an  apartment  for  Mr. 
Eliot.  This  building  was  the  first  meeting  house  in  Natick."  2 
'  In  this  town  was  the  first  church  of  Indians  embodied,  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord,  1660."  3 

The  Christian  mission  was  not  confined  to  the  dwellers  at 
Nonantum.  Mr.  Eliot,  and  others  whom  God  raised  up,  both 
English  and  Indians,  preached  the  word  with  success  to  other 
tribes.  In  addition  to  his  other  labors,  Mr.  Eliot  translated  the 
whole  Bible  into  the  English  tongue,  which  was  printed  at 
Cambridge,  the  New  Testament  in  1661,  and  the  Old  Testa- 
ment in  1663.  He  also  prepared  an  Indian  Grammar,  and 
translated  into  the  Indian  tongue  several  tracts  written  by 
himself  and  others,*  all  which  were  also  printed  in  Cambridge. 
It  was  very  properly  said  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  McKenzie,  "  Let 
it  be  remembered  to  the  honor  of  our  fathers,  that  the  first 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxiv.  41.  *  One  or  more  of  them  is  said  to  have 

2  Bacon's  History  of  Natick,  p.  9.  been  written  by  Mr.  Shepard. 
8  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  181. 


INDIAN  HISTORY.  387 

Protestant  mission  to  the  heathen  in  modern  times  began  in 
Cambridge ;  the  first  Protestant  sermon  in  a  heathen  tongue  was 
preached  here ;  the  first  translation  of  the  Bible  by  an  English- 
man into  a  heathen  tongue  was  printed  here;  the  first  Protestant 
tract  in  a  heathen  language  was  written  and  printed  here." l  The 
result  of  all  these  labors  up  to  the  year  1674  was  described  by 
Gookin,  in  his  "  Historical  Collections  of  the  Indians  in  New 
England,"  printed  in  the  first  volume  of  Collections  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Historical  Society.  Besides  Natick,  the  most  impor- 
tant of  all,  there  were  six  communities  in  Massachusetts,  exclu- 
sive of  Plymouth,  which  had  long  been  denominated  "  praying 
towns ; "  namely,  Pakemitt,  or  Punkapaog  (now  Stoughton)  ; 
Hassanamesitt,  or  Hassanamisco  (Grafton)  ;  Okommakamesit 
(Marlborough)  ;  Wamesit,  or  Pawtuckett  (Tewksbury)  ;  Na- 
shobah  (Littleton)  ;  Magunkaquog  (Hopkinton).  There  were 
also  seven  "  new  praying  towns,"  where  the  Gospel  had  been 
favorably  received  about  three  years :  Manchage  (Oxford) ; 
Chabanakongkomun  (Dudley)  ;  Maanexit  (north  part  of  Wood- 
stock, at  that  time  included  in  Massachusetts)  ;  Quantisset 
(southeast  part  of  Woodstock)  ;  Wabquissit  (southwest  part  of 
Woodstock)  ;  Packachoog  (south  part  of  Worcester)  ;  Wae- 
untug  (Uxbridge).  "There  are  two  other  Indian  towns;  viz., 
Weshakin  2  and  Quabaug,3  which  are  coming  on  to  receive  the 
gospel ;  and  reckoning  these,  there  are  nine  in  the  Nipmuck 
country."  4  In  these  fourteen  established  towns,  there  were  two 
organized  churches,  and,  as  Gookin  estimated,  about  eleven  hun- 
dred "  souls  yielding  obedience  to  the  gospel." 

Meantime  an  earnest  effort  was  made  to  impart  scientific  as 
well  as  religious  knowledge  to  the  Indians,  in  which  commenda- 
ble work  Mr.  Eliot  was  a  prominent  actor.  His  labors  and  their 
result  are  described  by  Gookin  in  his  "  Historical  Collections." 
Besides  preaching  and  inducing  others  to  preach  the  Gospel,  and 
translating  the  Bible  and  other  books  into  the  Indian  language, 
—  •'  he  took  great  care  that  schools  should  be  planted  among  the 
praying  Indians ;  and  he  taught  some  himself  to  read,  that  they 
might  be  capable  to  teach  others;  and  by  his  procurement  some 
of  the  choice  Indian  youths  were  put  to  school  with  English 
schoolmasters,  to  learn  both  English,  Latin,  and  Greek  tongues. 
There  was  much  cost  out  of  the  Corporation  stock  expended  in 
this  work,  for  fitting  and  preparing  the  Indian  youth  to  be  learned 

1  Hist.  Lect.,  p.  67.  8  Brookfieid. 

2  Or  Niishiiway,  now  Lancaster.  *  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  189-195. 


388  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

and  able  preachers  unto  their  countrymen.  Their  diet,  apparel, 
books  and  schooling,  was  chargeable.  In  truth  the  design  was 
prudent,  noble,  and  good  ;  but  it  proved  ineffectual  to  the  ends 
proposed  ;  for  several  of  the  said  youth  died,  after  they  had  been 
sundry  years  at  learning,  and  made  good  proficiency  therein. 
Others  were  disheartened,  and  left  learning  after  they  were 
almost  ready  for  the  college.  And  some  returned  to  live  among 
their  countrymen,  where  some  of  them  are  improved  for  school- 
masters and  teachers,  unto  which  they  are  advantaged  by  their 
education.  Some  others  of  them  have  entered  upon  other  call- 
ings ;  as  one  is  a  mariner  ;  another,  a  carpenter ;  another  went 
for  England  with  a  gentleman  that  lived  sometimes  at  Cam- 
bridge in  New  England,  named  Mr.  Drake,  which  Indian,  as  I 
heard,  died  there  not  many  months  after  his  arrival.  I  remem- 
ber but  only  two  of  them  all  that  lived  in  the  college  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  the  one  named  Joel,  the  other  Caleb,  both  natives  of 
Martha's  Vineyard.  These  two  were  hopeful  young  men,  espec- 
ially Joel,  being  so  ripe  in  learning,  that  he  should,  within  a  few 
months,  have  taken  his  first  degree  of  bachelor  of  art  in  the 
college.  He  took  a  voyage  to  Martha's  Vineyard,  to  visit  his 
father  and  kindred,  a  little  before  the  commencement,  but  upon 
his  return  back  in  a  vessel,  with  other  passengers  and  mariners, 

suffered  shipwreck  upon  the  island  of  Nan  tucket The 

other,  called  Caleb,  not  long  after  he  took  his  degree  of  bachelor 
of  art 1  at  Cambridge  in  New  England,  died  of  a  consumption  at 
Charlestown,  where  he  was  placed  by  Mr.  Thomas  Danforth, 
who  had  inspection  over  him,  under  the  care  of  a  physician  in 
order  to  his  health,  where  he  wanted  not  for  the  best  means  the 
country  could  afford,  both  of  food  and  physick  ;  but  God  denied 
the  blessing,  and  put  a  period  to  his  days."  2 

The  records  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  United  Colonies  of 
New  England  contain  accounts  of  sundry  payments  for  the  main- 
tenance and  instruction  of  Indian  scholars,  some  of  them  very 
young,  from  1656  to  1672.  An  earlier  account  is  preserved  in 
the  "  Massachusetts  Archives,"  xxx.  9,  which  may  serve  as  a 
sample  :  — 

"  An  account  of  expenses  layd  out  for  ye  country  from  August 
1645  untill  this  8th  of  October  1646. 

1  "  Caleb  Cheeshahteaumuck,  Indus,"  on  the  Triennial  Catalogue  of  Harvard 
1665,  is  the  solitary  Indian  name  found  College. 

2  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  172,  173. 


INDIAN  HISTORY.  389 

First,  for  ye  printing  of  five  hundred  declarations,  4.  00.  00 

Item,  for  yc  diet  &  washing  of  yc  two  Indians  since  ye  3d  of ) 

ye  8th  mon.  hitherto,  considering  ye  attendance  of  ye  r  1 6.  00.  00 

yonger  beeing  a  very  childe  w*  y°  think  meet,  ) 

Item,  for  physick  for  James  during  his  sicknes  for  5  or  6 

weeks,  ^.  19.  06 

Item,  for  physick  for  Jonathan  in  ye  time  of  his  sicknes,  00.  04.  06 

Item,  for  making  ym  1 2  bands  &  8  shirts  &  often  mending 

their  apparel,  00.  03.  08 

Item,  for  buttons  thread  &  other  materials  bought  of  Mr. 

Russel  for  ym,  00.  02.  06 

Item,  for  half  a  years  schooling  for  James,  00.  06.  00 

"  I  pray  y°  to  appoint  mee  part  of  my  pay  as  far  as  that  will 
reach  in  the  hands  of  Henrie  Shrimpton  both  because  I  am  in- 
gaged  to  him  and  hee  hath  promissed  to  accept  y*  pay,  &  if  y*  ye 
Indians  require  pay  back  at  his  hands  I  shall  bee  ready  to  repay 
him  such  as  they  shal  accept.  Further,  wheras  the  Indians  with 
mee  bee  so  small  as  that  they  [are]  uncapable  of  ye  benefit  of  such 
learning  as  was  my  desire  to  impart  to  ym  &  th  erf  ore  they  being 
an  hindrance  to  mee  &  I  no  furtherance  to  them,  I  desire  they 
may  bee  somwhere  else -disposed  of  wth  all  convenient  speed.  So 
I  rest  in  what  I  can.  Yrs  HENRIE  DUNSTER." 

This  account  was  referred  to  a  committee,  who  reported,  — 

**  Wee  thinke  meete  Mr.  Dunster  should  be  paid  22'.  16*.  2d. 
The  magistrates  consent  to  this  return  of  the  sd  Committee, 

"  Jo  :  WINTHROP,  Govr. 
"  Consented  to  by  ye  deput8.  EDWARD  RAWSON." 

In  this  praiseworthy  effort  to  enlighten,  and  civilize,  and 
Christianize  the  Indians,  Cambridge  shares  the  glory  with  Rox- 
bury.  Not  only  was  the  gospel  first  preached  to  them  here,  and 
many  of  their  youth  here  educated,  but  some  of  the  most  conspic- 
uous and  energetic  laborers  in  this  field  of  duty  resided  here. 
Omitting  for  the  present  all  mention  of  others,  if  the  labors  of 
John  Eliot  of  Roxbury  entitled  him  to  be  regarded  as  an  "  Apos- 
tle," or  as  standing  in  the  place  of  Aaron  as  a  high-priest  to 
them  in  spiritual  things,  with  equal  propriety  may  Daniel 
Gookin  of  Cambridge  be  regarded  as  their  Moses,  —  their  civil 
instructor,  ruler,  judge,  and  historian.  The  "  praying  Indians  " 
are  said  to  have  been  early  persuaded  by  Mr.  Eliot,  Aug.  6,  1651, 
to  adopt  the  Mosaic  form  of  government,  by  electing  rulers  of 


390  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

hundreds,  of  fifties,  and  of  tens.1  "  Moreover  the  General  Court 
appointed  and  empowered  one  of  the  English  magistrates,  to  join 
with  the  chief  of  their  rulers,2  and  keep  a  higher  court  among 
them  ;  extending  the  power  of  this  court  to  the  latitude  of  a 
county  court  among  the  English  ;  from  the  jurisdiction  whereof 
nothing  for  good  order  and  government,  civil  or  criminal,  is  ex- 
pected [excepted  ?]  but  appeals,  life,  limb,  banishment,  and  eases 
of  divorce.  The  first  English  magistrate,  chosen  to  be  ruler  over 
the  praying  Indians  in  the  colony  of  Massachusetts,  was  first  Mr. 
D.  G.3  the  anther  of  these  Collections  ;  and  this  was  in  A.  D.  1656. 
But  not  long  after  his  occasions  called  him  for  England  for  two 
or  three  years,  one  Major  Humphrey  Atherton  was  appointed 
to  conduct  this  affair,  which  he  did  about  three  years.  But 
then  the  Lord  taking  him  to  himself  by  death,  and  the  author 
being  returned  back,  in  the  year  1660,  a  year  or  more  before 
Major  Atherton's  death,  was  again  called  and  reinstated  in  that 
employ,  A.  D.  1661,  and  hath  continued  in  that  work  hitherto."  4 
In  this  position  Gookin  continued  until  the  Charter  government 
was  abrogated  in  1686  :  and  most  faithfully  did  he  perform  his 
duty.  He  tells  us  that  besides  causing  the  orders  of  the  General 
Court  to  be  observed,  sundry  other  things  were  to  be  "  done  by 
him  in  order  to  their  good ;  as  the  making  of  orders,  and  giving 
instructions  and  directions,  backed  with  penalties,  for  promoting 
and  practising  morality,  civility,  industry,  and  diligence  in  their 
particular  callings :  "  he  was  also  "  to  make  and  execute  good 
orders  for  keeping  holy  the  sabbath  day  ;  and  that  the  people  do 
attend  the  public  worship  of  God  ;  and  that  schools  for  the  edu- 
cation of  youth  be  settled  and  continued  among  them."  5  His 
own  record  of  a  court  held  at  Wabquissit,  in  1674,  illustrates 
the  manner  of  proceeding:  After  Mr.  Eliot  had  preached, 
"  then  I  began  a  court  among  the  Indians.  And  first  I  approved 
their  teacher  Sampson,  and  their  Constable  Black  James ;  giving 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxiv.  171.  first  missionary  visit  of  Eliot  to  Nonan- 

2  Gookin  bears  honorable  testimony  to  turn,   as   heretofore   related.      His    sign 
the  character  of  one  of  these  rulers.     In  manual,   or   mark,   is   preserved    in    the 
describing  Natick  he  says:  "In  this  town  Cambridge  Records,  affixed  to  an  agree- 
they  have  residing  some  of  their  princi-  ment  "to  keep  about  six-score  head  of 
pal  rulers,  the  chief  whereof  is  named  dry  cattle  on   the  south  side  of  Charles 
Wuhan,  who  is  now  above  seventy  years  River,"  in  1647.     He  was  living  in  1681, 
of  age.     He   is  a   person  of  great  pru-  then  "  aged  about  eighty  years." 

dcnee   and  piety  ;    I   do   not   know  any  8  Daniel  Gookin. 

Indian  that  excels  him." — Coll.   Mass.  *  Coll.  il/«s<.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  177. 

/list.  Soc.,  \.  183,  184.     This  Wahan  was  5  Ibid.,  i.  178. 

the  same  who  made  arrangements  for  the 


INDIAN   HISTORY.  391 

each  of  them  a  charge  to  be  diligent  and  faithful  in  their  places. 
Also  I  exhorted  the  people  to  yeild  obedience  to  the  gospel  of 
Christ,  and  to  those  set  in  order  there.  Then  published  a  war- 
ran  t  or  order  that  I  had  prepared,  empowering  the  constable 
to  suppress  drunkenness,  sabbath-breaking,  especially  po  wo  wing 
and  idolatry  ;  and,  after  warning  given,  to  apprehend  all  delin- 
quents, and  bring  them  before  authority,  to  answer  for  their  mis- 
doings ;  the  smaller  faults  to  bring  before  Wattasaeompanum, 
ruler  of  the  Nipmuck  country  ;  for  idolatry  and  powowing,  to 
bring  them  before  me."  1  A  life-like  picture  of  one  of  these 
courts  is  exhibited  in  Gookin's  certified  copy  of  its  session  :  — 

"  At  a  Court  held  at  Naticke  among  the  Indians,  Sept.  14, 
1681.  The  testimonies  of  several  aged  and  principal  Indians 
hereafter  named,  taken  in  Court,  as  followeth  : 

"  Present,  Daniel  Gookin  senr.  Esq.,  Assistant. 
Waban,        \  Mr«  John  Eliot,  senr.,  \ 

Piambow,     >  Rulers.  Andrew  Pittimee,         V  Interpreters. 

Tom  Tray,  )  Peter  Ephrairn,  ) 

"  Waban,  aged  about  eighty  years,  Piambow,  aged  about 
eighty  years,  Nowanit,  aged  about  81  years,  Jethro,  aged  about 
70  years,  William,  aged  68  years,  Anthony  Tray  and  Tom  Tray, 
unkells  by  the  father's  side  unto  John  Woampas  deceased,  aged 
60  years  and  fifty-eight  or  thereabout,"  testified  that  the  said 
"  John  Woampas  was  no  Sachem,  and  had  no  more  right  or  title 
to  any  lands  in  the  Nipmuk  country  within  [the  bounds]  of 
Massachusetts  than  any  other  common  Indians ;  "  and  therefore 
they  disclaimed  and  repudiated  all  sales  or  gifts  of  land  pre- 
tended to  have  been  made  by  him.2 

Under  the  joint  instruction  and  superintendence  of  Eliot  and 
Gookin,  slow  but  encouraging  progress  was  made  in  civilizing 
and  Christianizing  the  Indians  in  Massachusetts,  as  far  west  as 
the  westerly  border  of  Worcester  County  ;  and  a  similar  good 
work  was  accomplished  in  the  Colony  of  Plymouth.  The  two 
races  maintained  peaceful  relations  with  each  other  until  1675, 
when  that  terrible  contest  commenced,  which  is  generally  known 
as  Philip's  War.  And  even  then,  Gookin  insists  that  the  Chris- 
tian Indians,  in  the  seven  old  praying  towns,  were  true  friends  to 
the  English,  and  rendered  them  important  assistance ;  and  he 
intimates  that  the  magistrates  agreed  with  him  in  opinion,  while 
the  popular  branch  of  the  government  and  the  common  people 

1  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  i.  192.  a  Mass.  Arch.,  xxx.  260. 


392  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

generally,  lost  all  confidence  in  the  Indians,  and  insisted  that, 
without  distinction,  they  should  be  treated  as  enemies.  Having 
mentioned  some  instances  of  useful  information  given  by  the 
Indians,  and  services  rendered  by  them  as  soldiers,  Gookin  says, 
"Notwithstanding  those  signal  and  faithful  services  done  by 
those  Christian  Indians,  and  divers  others  not  here  related,  yet 
the  animosity  and  rage  of  the  common  people  increased  against 
them,  that  the  very  name  of  a  praying  Indian  was  spoken  against, 
in  so  much  that  some  wise  and  principal  men  did  advise  some 
that  were  concerned  with  them  to  forbear  giving  that  epithet  of 
praying Things  growing  to  this  height  among  the  Eng- 
lish, the  Governor  and  Council,  against  their  own  reason  and 
inclination,  were  put  upon  a  kind  of  necessity,  for  gratifying  the 
people,  to  disband  all  the  praying  Indians,  and  to  make  and  pub- 
lish an  order  to  confine  them  to  five  of  their  own  villages,  and 
not  to  stir  above  one  mile  from  the  centre  of  such  place,  upon 
peril  of  their  lives."  l  "  This  cruel  frame  of  spirits  (for  I  can  give 
it  no  gentler  denomination)  arose,  I  apprehend,  from  a  double 
ground ;  first  the  malice  of  Satan  against  Christ's  work  among 

the  Indians,  and  to  hinder  their  progress  in  religion A 

second  root  of  this  trouble  arose  from  the  perfidious  and  unfaith- 
ful dealing  of  the  wicked  Indians,  and  their  causeless  rage  and 
cruelty  and  fury  against  the  English,  and  particularly  the  Spring- 
field and  Northampton  Indians,  who  lived  near  the  English  and 
seemed  to  carry  it  fair  for  a  time,  but  at  last  proved  perfidious 
and  treacherous.  But  there  was  not  one  of  them  that  ever  I 
heard  of,  that  was  a  pretender  to  Christian  religion." 2  It  is 
possible  that  a  desire  to  appropriate  the  land  of  the  Indians  to 
their  own  use  may  have  had  some  influence  on  the  populace  then, 
as  it  has  in  more  recent  times. 

Afterwards,  orders  were  issued  for  the  removal  of  the  Indians 
to  Deer  Island ;  and  Gookin  relates  the  manner  in  which  the 
Natick  tribe  was  removed.  "  In  pursuance  of  this  order,  Capt. 
Thomas  Prentiss  (who  was  a  person  civil  and  friendly  to  those 
Indians),  with  a  party  of  horse,  was  commanded  to  bring  them 
down  speedily  to  a  place  called  the  Pines  upon  Charles  River, 
about  two  miles  above  Cambridge,  where  boats  were  appointed 
to  be  in  readiness  to  take  them  on  board,  and  take  them  to 
the  aforesaid  island Good  Mr.  Eliot,  that  faithful  in- 
structor and  teacher  of  the  praying  Indians,  met  them  at  the 
place  before  mentioned,  where  they  were  to  be  embarked,  who 

1  Coll.  Amer.  Antiq.  Soc.,  ii.  449,  450.  2  Ibid.,  ii.  454. 


INDIAN   HISTORY.  393 

comforted,  and  encouraged,  and  instructed,  and  prayed  with  them 
and  for  them  ;  exhorting  them  to  patience  in  their  sufferings,  and 
confirming  the  hearts  of  those  disciples  of  Christ,  and  exhorting 
them  to  continue  in  the  faith,  for  through  many  tribulations  we 
must  enter  into  the  kingdom  of  heaven.  ....  In  the  night, 
about  midnight,  the  tide  serving,  being  the  30th  of  October, 
1675,  these  poor  creatures  were  shipped  in  three  vessels  and  car- 
ried away  to  Deer  Island  above  mentioned,  which  was  distant 
from  that  place  about  four  leagues,  where  I  shall  leave  them  at 
present."  1  In  May,  1676,  many  of  the  men  having  performed 
military  service  for  the  English,  permission  was  granted  by  the 
General  Court  for  the  departure  of  the  Indians  from  the  Island. 
The  remnant  of  the  Natick  tribe,  after  a  temporary  residence 
near  Nonantum,  returned  to  their  own  town,  which  was  under 
the  management  of  Indian  officers  for  nearly  a  century,  until  it 
was  incorporated  as  an  English  district  in  1762.  "  From  1651  to 
1762 "  Natick  "  was  an  Indian  town ;  and  its  history  is  little 
more  than  a  picture  of  wild  Indians  making  unsuccessful  at- 
tempts to  clothe  themselves  in  the  robes  of  civilization."  2 

While  the  Christian  Indians  were  passing  through  this  furnace 
of  affliction,  they  had  a  faithful  friend  in  Gookin,  who  labored 
constantly  to  avert  the  evils  to  which  they  were  exposed  and  to 
alleviate  those  which  they  suffered.  In  this  labor  of  love  he  had 
the  constant  support  of  Thomas  Danforth,  his  associate  in  many 
a  hard-fought  political  battle  on  other  fields.  Indeed  it  would 
seem  that  most  of  the  magistrates,  or  Court  of  Assistants,  con- 
curred with  him  in  a  desire  to  deal  kindly  with  the  praying  In- 
dians ;  but  that  they  were  to  some  extent  compelled  by  the  pop- 
ulace to  adopt  harsh  measures.  He  says,  "  the  enmity,  jealousy, 
and  clamors  of  some  people  against  them  put  the  magistracy 
upon  a  kind  of  necessity  to  send  them  all  to  the  island."  3  Again, 
an  Indian  who  had  a  certificate  of  fidelity  from  Gookin  and  was 
actually  employed  in  the  public  service  as  a  secret  agent,  was 
apprehended  by  Capt.  Henchman,  who,  "  being  ignorant  of  the 
design,  sent  both  him  and  his  pass  to  the  Governor,  at  Boston, 
who  more  to  satisfy  the  clamors  of  the  people  than  for  any  of- 
fence committed  by  this  man,  he  was  committed  to  the  common 

jail He  had  committed  no  offence  (that  ever  I  heard  of), 

but  was  imprisoned  merely  to  still  the  clamors  of  the  people, 
who  railed  much  against  this  poor  fellow,  and  fain  would  have 

1  Coll.  Amer.  Antiq.  Soc.,  ii.  473,  474.  8  Coll.  Amer.  Ant.  Soc.,  ii.  485. 

a  Bacon's  Hist,  of  Natick,  p.  23. 


394  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

had  him  put  to  death  (though  they  knew  not  wherefore).  But 
those  murmurings  were  not  only  against  the  Indian,  but  as  much 
against  Major  Gookin,  who  granted  him  the  certificate."1 
Again,  he  says,  "  notwithstanding  the  council's  endeavors  in  the 
former  orders,  and  the  testimony  of  these  English  witnesses  2  on 
behalf  of  the  Christian  Indians,  yet  the  clamors  and  animosity 
among  the  common  people  increased  daily,  not  only  against  those 
Indians,  but  also  against  all  such  English  as  were  judged  to  be 
charitable  to  them,  and  particularly,  many  harsh  reflections  and 
speeches  were  uttered  against  Major  Daniel  Gookin  and  Mr. 
John  Eliot,"  3 

As  a  specimen  of  the  popular  "  clamors  and  animosity,"  I 
copy  a  few  manuscripts  :  — 

"  Elizabeth  Belcher,  aged  57,  Martha  Remington  aged  31,  and 
Mary  Mitchell,  aged  20,  being  sworne,  doe  say,  that  on  ye  28th 
day  of  Febr.  last,  ab*  10  of  the  clocke  at  night,  Ri:  Scott  came 
into  ye  house  of  ye  said  Belcher,  and  suddenly  after  he  came  in 
broak  out  into  many  hideous  raileing  expressions  ag1  ye  wor11  Capt. 
Daniel  Gookin,  calling  him  an  Irish  dog  y*  was  never  faithful  to 
his  country,  the  sonne  of  a  whoare,  a  bitch,  a  rogue,  God  con- 
found him,  &  God  rott  his  soul,  saying  if  I  could  meet  him 
alone  I  would  pistoll  him.  I  wish  my  knife  and  sizers  were  in  his 
heart.  He  is  the  devils  interpreter.  I  and  two  or  three  more  de- 
signed to  cut  of  all  Gookins  brethren  at  the  Island,  but  some 
English  dog  discovered  it,  the  devil  will  plague  him,"  etc.  Sworn 
before  Simon  Willard,  Assistant,  March  4,  1675-6.  4  Scott  was 
fined  and  imprisoned  ;  he  afterwards  made  a  very  humble  con- 
fession, and  was  released. 

Two  copies  of  a  written  handbill  are  preserved,  dated  on  the 
same  day  that  Scott  gave  vent  to  his  wrath :  "  Boston,  February 
28,  1675.  Reader  thou  art  desired  not  to  supprese  this  paper, 
but  to  promote  its  designe,  which  is  to  certify  (those  traytors  to 
their  king  and  countrey)  Guggins  and  Danford,  that  some  gener- 
ous spirits  have  vowed  their  destruction ;  as  Christians  wee 
warne  them  to  prepare  for  death,  for  though  they  will  deservedly 
dye,  yet  we  wish  the  health  of  their  soules.  By  ye  new  society. 
A.  B.  C.  D."5 


1  Coll.  Amer.  Ant.  Soc.,  ii.  481.  their  obedience  to  God  and  their  faithful- 

2  John  Wntson,  Sen.,  and  Henry  Pren-  ness  to  the  English. 

tiss,  both  of  Cambridge,  who  by  direction         3  Coll.  Amer.  Ant.  Soc.,  ii.  452,  453. 
of  the  Council  dwelt  with  the  Natick  In-        *  Mass.  Arch  ,  xxx.  192. 
dian     alout  twelve  weeks,  and  certified         6  Mass.  Arch.,  xxx.  193. 


INDIAN   HISTORY.  395 

The  following  memorandum  was  entered  l>y  Rev.  John  Eliot, 
on  his  Church  Record  :  "  1676.  On  the  7th  day  of  the  2<l  month, 
Capt.  Gookins,  Mr.  Danforth,  &  Mr.  Stoughton  wr  sent  by 
the  Councill  to  order  matters  at  Long  Island  for  the  Indians 
planting  there,  ya  called  me  wth  ym.  In  or  way  thither  a  great 
boat  of  about  14  ton,  meeting  us,  turned  head  upon  us  (whethr 
willfully  or  by  negligence,  God  he  knoweth)i  ya  run  the  sterne 
of  or  boate  wr  we  4  sat  under  water.  Or  boats-  saile  or  some- 
thing tangled  with  the  great  boat,  and  by  God's  mercy  kept  to  it. 
My  cosin  Jacob  &  cosin  Perrie  being  forwarder  in  or  boat  quickly 
got  up  into  the  great  boat.  I  so  sunk  y*  I  drank  in  salt  water 
twice,  &  could  not  help  it.  God  assisted  my  two  cosins  to  deliver 
us  all,  &  help  us  up  into  the  great  boat.  We  were  not  far  frm 
the  Castle,  where  we  went  ashore,  dryed  &  refreshed,  &  y"  went 
to  the  Island,  performed  or  work,  returned  well  home  at  night, 
praised  be  the  Lord.  Some  thanked  God,  &  some  wished  we 
had  been  drowned.  Soone  after,  one  y*  wished  we  had  been 
drowned,  was  himself  drowned  about  the  same  place  wr  we  wr  so 
wonderfully  delivered  :  the  history  wroff  is  "  — .  Here  the  ac- 
count abruptly  ends. 

At  a  later  day,  John  Marshall  testified  that  on  the  9th  of  Octo- 
ber, 1677,  "  I  saw  John  Joans  driveing  his  trucks,  whipping  his 
horses  which  caused  them  to  run  very  furiously  ;  the  worshipful 
Thomas  Danforth  being  before  the  trucks  shifted  the  way  several 
times  to  escape  the  horses,  and  I  was  afraid  they  would  have  ran 
over  him  ;  but  having  escaped  them,  when  the  said  Joans  came 
to  the  wharf e  where  I  was,  I  asked  him  why  he  drave  his  trucks 
soe  hard  to  run  over  people,  and  told  him  he  had  like  to  have  ran 
over  Mr.  Danforth  ;  he  answered  it  was  noe  matter  if  Mr.  Dan- 
forth and  Major  Gucking  were  both  hanged.  Sworn  in  Court. 
J.  Dudley,  Assistant.  12.  8.  77.  Said  Jones  is  sentenced  to  be 
admonished,  and  not  to  drive  a  cart  in  Boston  upon  penalty  of  a 
severe  whipping.  J.  DUDLEY,  per  order."  1 

On  account  of  the  popular  exasperation,  Capt.  Gookin  failed 
of  election  in  May,  1676,  as  one  of  the  Assistants.  The  General 
Court,  however,  manifested  their  sympathy  and  confidence,  by 
promoting  him,  at  their  first  session,  to  the  office  of  Sergeant- 
major,  or  chief  commander  of  the  militia  in  the  County.  During 
the  year,  the  tide  of  feeling  changed  in  his  favor,  and  in  May, 
1677,  he  was  reinstated  in  his  former  position  as  an  Assistant. 
Thenceforth,  both  he  and  his  associate,  Danforth,  retained  their 
hold  on  the  public  confidence  until  the  close  of  life. 
1  Mass.  Arch.,  viii.  4. 


CHAPTER   XXI. 

MILITARY  HISTORY. 

AT  the  second  meeting  of  the  Court  of  Assistants  after  their 
arrival  at  Charlestown,  Sept.  7,  1630,  "half  a  year's  provision" 
was  made  for  "  Mr.  Patrick  and  Mr.  Underbill ;  "  and  at  the  next 
meeting,  three  weeks  later,  the  sum  of  fifty  pounds  was  assessed 
upon  "  the  several  plantations,  for  the  maintenance  "  of  the  same 
persons.1  These  were  the  commanders  of  the  incipient  militia. 
Of  Daniel  Patrick,  Winthrop  says,  "  This  Captain  was  enter- 
tained by  us  out  of  Holland  (where  he  was  a  common  soldier 
of  the  Prince's  guard)  to  exercise  our  men.  We  made  him  a 
captain,  and  maintained  him." 2  He  resided  a  short  time  in 
Watertown,  but  came  to  Cambridge  before  May  1,  1632,3  and 
remained  here  until  Nov.  1637,  when  he  removed  to  Ipswich, 
and  subsequently  to  Stamford,  Connecticut,  where  he  was  killed 
by  a  Dutchman  in  1643.  During  his  residence  here,  the  tract  of 
upland  surrounded  by  marsh,  on  which  the  Powder  Magazine 
stands  at  the  foot  of  Magazine  Street,  was  granted  by  the  town 
to  him ;  and  since  that  time  it  has  been  known  as  "  Captain's 
Island."  Thus,  for  five  years,  from  1632  to  1637,  Cambridge 
was  the  head-quarters  of  one  of  the  two  principal  military  com- 
manders. And  when  a  more  perfect  organization  of  the  militia 
was  made,  Dec.  13,  1636,  the  whole  being  divided  into  three 
regiments,  Cambridge  had  a  large  share  of  the  honors.  Thomas 
Dudley,  one  of  the  founders  of  the  town,  was  appointed  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  the  first  regiment ;  and  seven  years  later  he  was 
elected  Major-general  of  all  the  militia.  It  was  further  ordered, 
"  Charlestowne,  Newetowne,  Watertowne,  Concord,  Deddam,  to 
bee  another  regiment,  whearof  John  Haynes,  Esqr.,  shalbee 
colonell,  and  Rogr.  Herlakenden,  Esqr.,  leiftenant  colonell."4 
Both  were  Cambridge  men  ;  the  former  had  been  Governor  of 

i  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  75,  77.  «  Ibid.,  i.  74. 

8  Savage's  Winthrop,  ii.  151.  *  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  187. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  397 

Massachusetts,  and  was  afterwards  for  many  years  Governor  of 
Connecticut ;  the  latter  was  one  of  the  Assistants,  and  remained 
in  office,  both  civil  and  military,  until  Nov.  17,  1638,  when  he 
departed  this  life. 

At  the  session  of  the  General  Court,  commencing  March  9, 
1636-7,  officers  were  appointed  to  command  the  militia  in  the 
several  towns :  "  For  Newetowne,  Mr.  George  Cooke  chosen 
captain ;  Mr.  Willi:  Spencer,  leiftenant ;  Mr.  Sam:  Shepard, 
ensign."  J  All  these  exhibited  a  military  spirit.  Captain  Cooke 
was  one  of  the  earliest  members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable 
Artillery  Company  in  1638-9,  was  its  captain  in  1643,  and  when 
a  similar  company  was  incorporated  in  Middlesex  County,  May 
14,  1645,  he  was  its  first  captain.  Having  performed  faithfully 
many  military  and  civil  services  here,2  he  returned  to  England 
near  the  end  of  1645,  was  a  colonel  in  Cromwell's  army,  and 
sacrificed  his  life  in  the  service  of  the  Commonwealth,  being  "  re- 
ported to  be  slain  in  the  wars  in  Ireland  in  the  year  1652."  3 
Lieutenant  Spencer  was  one  of  the  corporate  members  of  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company,  1638-9,  in  which 
year  he  removed  to  Connecticut,  where,  as  well  as  here,  he  was 
an  active  and  useful  civil  officer.4  Ensign  Shepard  returned  to 
England  with  Captain  Cooke,  being  excused  by  the  General 
Court  in  October,  1645,  from  further  attendance  as  a  member, 
"  being  to  go  for  England."  He  was  a  Major  in  Cromwell's 
army,  and  very  probably  in  Colonel  Cooke's  regiment.  He  is 
represented  in  Mitchell's  Church  Record,  1658,  as  then  living  in 
Ireland,  where  he  probably  died  about  1673.  It  does  not  appear 
that  either  of  these  officers  was  engaged  in  the  short  and  decisive 
Pequot  War,  which  occurred  shortly  after  they  were  commis- 
sioned ; 5  but  in  September,  1643,  "  it  was  agreed  that  we  should 
send  three  commissioners,  with  a  guard  of  forty  able  men  to 
attend  them,  which  have  authority  and  order  to  bring  Samu: 
Gorton  and  his  company,  if  they  do  not  give  them  satisfaction. 
The  three  commissioners  are  Capt.  George  Cooke,  Humfrey 
Atherton,  and  Edward  Johnson  ;  and  Capt.  Cooke  to  command 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  i.  190.  in  this  expedition  ;  and  Captain  Patrick, 

2  He  was  a  member  and  Speaker  of  the  who  was   an   officer  "for  the  country's 
House  of  Deputies,  and  served  on  many  service  "  and  still  resided  here,  had  com- 
of  its  important  committees.  m.-unl  of  forty  men   from  Massachusetts, 

8  Middlesex  Court  Files.  but  seems  not  to  have  arrived  until  after 

*  Both  here  and  in  Connecticut  he  was  the  principal  battle  ended.  —  Mass.  Col. 

a  Deputy  in  the  General  Court.  Rec.,  i.  197;  and  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc., 

6  Cambridge  furnished  twelve  soldiers  xviii.  143,  144. 


398  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

in  chief,  and  Hum:  Atherton  to  be  his  Leift:  of  the  military 
force."  l 

When  Captain  Cooke  returned  to  England  in  1645,  the  Gen- 
eral Court  thought  "  meet  to  desire  Mr.  Joseph  Cooke  to  take 
care  of  the  company  in  the  absence  of  the  Captain,  and  till  the 
Court  shall  take  further  order,  and  that  John  Stedman  be  estab- 
lished ensign."2  Nov.  II,  1647.  "  Mr.  Joseph  Cooke,  upon  his 
petition,  is  freed  from  exercising  the  company  at  Cambridge,  and 
from  being  compellable  by  fine  to  attend  upon  every  training 
hereafter."3  About  this  time  Daniel  Gookin  removed  to  Cam- 
bridge, and  probably  was  the  next  Captain  of  the  trainband,  of 
which  he  retained  the  command  about  forty  years.  He  was  corn- 
mander-in-chief  of  the  militia  in  Middlesex  County  during  that 
terrible  contest  which  is  generally  denominated  "  Philip's  War," 
or  the  "  Narragansett  War,"  even  before  he  attained  the  rank  of 
Sergeant-major.4  He  wrote  the  instructions  to  Captain  Joseph 
Sill,5  Nov.  2,  1675,  to  "take  charge  of  the  soldiers  raised  from 
Charlestown,  Watertown,  and  Cambridge,  which  are  about  sixty 
men,"  and  to  go  forth  against  the  enemy,  closing  thus  :  u  so  de- 
siring the  ever-living  Lord  God  to  accompany  you  and  your  com- 
pany with  his  gracious  conduct  and  presence,  and  that  he  will  for 
Christ's  sake  appear  in  all  the  mounts  of  difficulty,  and  cover  all 
your  heads  in  the  day  of  battle,  and  deliver  the  bloodthirsty  and 
cruel  enemy  of  God  and  his  people  into  your  hands,  and  make  you 
executioners  of  his  just  indignation  upon  them,  and  return  you 
victorious  unto  us,  I  commit  you  and  your  company  unto  God, 
and  remain  your  very  loving  friend,  DANIEL  GOOKIN,  Senr." 6 
The  names  of  some  of  the  Cambridge  soldiers  may  be  gleaned 
from  the  few  military  documents  preserved.  It  appears  that  in 
November,  1675,  John  Adams,  Daniel  Champney,  John  Eames, 
David  Stone,  and  Samuel  Stone,  Jr.,  were  impressed  as  "  troop- 
ers," or  cavalry.  On  the  26th  day  of  the  same  month,  Corporal 

1  Mass.  Col.  Rec.,  ii.  44.     In  tins  ex-  April  9,  1648,  when,  among  the  lands  at 
pedition    Thomas   Parris  of   Cambridge  Shawshine,  the  town  grant,  d  to  "Captain 
served  as  surgeon,  and  Samuel  Green  as  Googine  a  farm,  if  he  buy  a  house  in  the 
sergeant.     Mr.  Green  held  military  office  town." 

about  sixty  years,  attaining  the  rank  of  5  He  was  a  Cambridge  man,  and  was 

Captain  in  1689.  styled  "  Lieutenant "  before  September  24, 

2  Ibid.,  ii.  137.  1675,  when  he  was  appointed  Captain  of 
8  Ibid.,  ii.  217.  one  hundred  men,  under  Major  John  Pyn- 
*  He  came  from  Virginia  to   Boston,  clion. 

May  20,  1644,  being  then  styled  "Cap-  «  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixviii.  40.  This  signa- 
tain  ;"  he  resided  in  Roxbury  about  three  ture  was  afterwards  er.ised,  and  "By  the 
years,  but  removed  to  Cambridge  In-fore  Council,  E.  B.  S."  substituted. 


MILITARY  HISTORY,  399 

Jonathan  Remington,  and  Isaac  Amsden,  Jacob  Amsden,  John 
Amsden,  Gershom  Cutter,  William  Gleason,  James  Hubbard, 
Jonathan  Lawrence,  Nathaniel  Patten,  Samuel  Read,  John  Sal- 
ter,  Samuel  Swan,  Edward  Winship,  Jr.,  Daniel  Woodward,  and 
John  Wyeth,  were  impressed  by  order  of  Captain  Gookin,  to 
whom  the  Corporal  reported,  Dec.  3,  1675,  that  all  his  men  were 
ready,  except  as  follows :  "  Edward  Winship,  his  father  tells  me 
he  is  or  will  be  released  by  the  council ;  John  Salter,  he  saith  his 
master  will  give  him  his  time,  and  so  will  take  no  care  to  fit  him 
out ;  how  he  will  be  provided  I  know  not  ;  John  Wyeth  is  not 
yet  come  to  his  father's,  neither  can  I  hear  any  tidings  of  him."  l 
These  three  men  were  not  mustered.  The  names  also  of  Capt. 
Thomas  Prentice,  Lieut.  William  Barrett,  Cornet  Edward  Oakes 
(afterwards  styled  Lieutenant),  and  several  soldiers  who  served 
in  this  war,  are  found  in  the  Massachusetts  Archives,  and  in  an 
Account  Book  of  Treasurer  Hull,  preserved  in  the  Library  of  the 
New  England  Historic-Genealogical  Society.2 

"  Captain  Daniel  Gookin  was  by  the  whole  Court  chosen  and 
appointed  to  be  sergeant  major  of  the  regiment  of  Middlesex," 
May  5,  1676.3  Before  this  election,  however,  he  performed  the 
duties  proper  to  that  office.  Thus,  on  the  llth  of  January, 
1675-6,  "  the  committee  of  militia  of  Charlestown,  Cambridge, 
and  Watertown,"  were  "  ordered  and  required  to  impress  such  ar- 
mor, breasts,  backs,  and  head-pieces,  and  blunderbusses,  as  you 
can  find  in  your  respective  towns,  and  to  give  express  and  speedy 
order  that  they  be  cleaned  and  fitted  for  service,  and  sent  in  to 
Cambridge  to  Captain  Gookin  at  or  before  the  15th  of  this  in- 
stant, by  him  to  be  sent  up  to  the  army  by  such  troopers  as  are 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixviii.  pp.  73,  79,  80.    At  Gates,  John  Gibson,  Samuel  Gibson,  Sam- 
about    the    same    date,   Peter   Hanchet,  uel  Goffe,   Nathaniel  Green,  John  Hasr- 
Joshua  Woods,  Samuel  Hides,  and  Jon-  ings,  Nathaniel  Heuly,  Zachariah  Hicks, 
athan  Bush,   oil   the   south    side    of   the  Jacob    Hill,    Justinian    Holden,    Sebeas 
river,  were  impressed.  Jackson,  Ambrose  McFassett,  Daniel  Ma- 

2  Of    private    soldiers,    the    following  gennis,  Amos   Marrctt,  Thomas   Mitch- 
names  appear :    Matthew  Abdy,  Thomas  elson,    John     Nc'edham,    Thomas     Oli- 
Adams,  John  Barrett,  Thomas  Batherick  ver,   Zashariah    Paddlefoot,  John    Paik, 
[or   Baverick],   llichard    Beach,   Joseph  Solomon   Phipps,  Henry  Prentice,  James 
Bemis,  William  Bordman,  Francis  Bow-  Prentice,     Solomon     Prentice,    William 
man,  Matthew  Bridge,  Thomas  Brown,  Reed,    Samuel    Robbins,  Jason    Russell, 
Samuel    Buck,    Samuel     Bull,     Samuel  William    Russell,  John    Smith,   Joseph 
Champney,  James  Cheever,  Joseph  Cooke,  Smith,  Nathaniel   Smith,  Samuel  Smith, 
Stephen    Cooke,     Benjamin    Crackbone  John    Squire,   John    Stedman,    Andrew 
[killed],    John     Cragg,     James    Cutler,  Stimson    [or    Stevenson],  John  Strceter, 
Samuel    Cutler,     John    Druse    [killed],  Gershom  Swan,  John  Wellington,  Jacob 
Jonathan     Dunster,     Thomas      Foster,  Willanl,  John  Winter. 

Stephen  Francis,  Thomas   Frost,  Simon        3  Mass.  Col.  llec.,  v.  83. 


400  HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 

ordered  to  go  up  to  the  army." l  And  on  the  25th  of  April, 
Captain  Gookin  received  instructions  as  "  Commander-in-chief  of 
all  the  forces  of  horse  and  foot  in  this  expedition,  for  the  service 
of  the  Colony,  against  the  enemy."  2  A  letter  addressed  by  him 
to  the  Council  for  the  management  of  the  War  affords  a  glimpse 
of  the  magnitude  of  the  perils  which  then  beset  the  Colony,  and 
the  spirit  in  which  they  were  met :  "  Honored  sirs,  I  received 
your  orders  after  I  was  retired  to  rest ;  but  I  suddenly  got  up 
and  issued  forth  warrants  for  the  delinquents,  and  sent  away  the 
warrant  to  Capt.  Prentice,  and  also  sent  warrants  to  the  com- 
manders-in-chief  of  Charlestown,  Watertown,  Cambridge,  and  the 
Village,  Maiden,  and  Woburn,  to  raise  one  fourth  part  of  their 
companies  to  appear  at  Cambridge  this  morning  at  eight  a  clock. 
But  I  fear  the  rain  and  darkness  of  the  last  night  hath  impeded 
their  rendesvous  at  the  time  ;  but  sometime  to-day  I  hope  they 
will  appear,  or  at  least  some  of  them.  I  judge,  if  the  Captains  do 
their  duty  in  uprightness,  there  may  be  about  100  men,  or  near 
it.  I  have  written  to  Capt.  Hammond  to  send  up  Capt.  Cutler 
to  conduct  this  company  ;  I  am  uncertain  about  his  compliance  ; 
I  desire  your  order,  in  case  of  failure,  and  also  directions  to  what 
rendesvous  to  send  this  company  when  raised.  It  is  a  very 
afflictive  time  to  be  called  off,  considering  we  have  planting  in 
hand  this  week,  and  our  fortification 3  pressing  upon  our  shoul- 
ders. But  God  sees  meet  to  order  it  so  that  this  rod  must  gmart 
sharply.  I  pray  let  me  have  your  directions  sent  away  with  all 
speed.  I  stay  at  home  on  purpose  to  despatch  these  soldiers.  So 
with  my  dutiful  respects  to  your  honored  selves,  I  remain  your 
assured  friend  and  servant,  DANIEL  GOOKIN,  Senr.  May  the 
first,  1676. "4  Four  days  after  the  date  of  this  letter,  May  5, 
1676,  Capt.  Gookin  was  elected  Sergeant-major  of  the  Middlesex 
Regiment,  and  at  the  General  Election,  May  11, 1681,  he  became 
Major-general  of  all  the  militia  in  the  Colony,  which  office  he 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixviii.  114.  pursuance  thereof  do  nominate  and  em- 

2  Ibid.,  p  228.  power  the  militia  of  the  town  and  select- 
8  So  imminent  was  the  peril,  that  on  the    men  to  set  out  the  place  where,  and  to 

27th  of  March,  1676,  "  at  a  public  meet-  each  one  their  proportion,  and  to  do  what- 

ing   of  the   inhabitants   of  the   town   to  ever  shall  be  necessary  for  the  completing 

consider  about  fortifying  the  town  against  thereof."     The  stockade  was  commenced  ; 

the  Indians,  it  was  agreed  upon  by  a  pub-  but  before  it  was  completed  the  danger  so 

lie  vote  of  the  town  as  followeth  :  It  is  by  far  diminished  that  the  project  was  aban- 

the  inhabitants  jointly  agreed,  that  they  doned,  and  the  timber  which  had   been 

judge  it  necessary  that  something  be  done  gathered  was  used  for  the  repair  of  the 

for  the  fencing  in  the  town  with  a  stocka-  Great  Bridge, 

doe,   or   something  equivalent  ;    and   in  *  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixviii.  247. 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  401 

retained  until  the  Charter  Government  was  abrogated  in  1686, 
when  he  was  seventy-four  years  of  age. 

Up  to  this  time  military  service  was  required  of  all  able-bodied 
men.  Such  service  commenced  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years  ;  but 
I  have  not  found  a  limit  prescribed  for  its  close.  Special  ex- 
emption was  granted  to  privates  at  various  ages.  April  1,  1656? 
"  Edward  Goffe  of  Cambridge,  aged  about  63  years,  having  long 
been  serviceable  both  to  town  and  country,  and  now  disenabled 
as  well  by  infirmities  of  body  as  age,  is  by  this  court  released 
from  all  ordinary  trainings.  And  he  is  to  make  such  annual 
allowance  to  the  military  company  as  himself  shall  see  meet."  l 
Ordinarity,  five  shillings  per  annum  was  required  to  be  paid  in 
consideration  of  such  exemption,  as  in  the  case  of  Gilbert  Crack- 
bone,  April  6,  1658,  and  Robert  Parker  and  William  Mann, 
October,  1658,2  all  Cambridge  men.  So  also,  June,  1659, 
"  William  Kerley,3  aged  about  76  years,  is  released  from  all  or- 
dinary trainings,  paying  5s.  per  annum  to  the  use  of  the  military 
company  in  the  town  where  he  dwelleth."  In  the  Middlesex 
Court  Files  of  1659  is  preserved  a  document  without  date,  enti- 
tled, "  Reasons,  showing  why  old  men  of  sixty  years  are  not  to 


"  First.  From  the  word  of  God,  though  not  in  express  terms, 
yet  by  consequence,  may  be  gathered,  that  if  the  Levites  were  to 
be  dismissed  at  fifty  years  from  their  service  at  the  tabernacle, 
then  much  more  old  men  at  sixty  from  training,  which  is  the 
practice  of  our  native  country,  to  take  in  at  sixteen  years  and 
dismiss  at  sixty,  which  is  agreeable  to  our  neighbor  plantations 
to  do  the  like. 

u  £iy.  The  Scripture  doth  hold  forth,  by  way  of  allusion,  that 
it  is  an  act  of  cruelty.  Deut.  vi.  The  words  are  these  :  if  a  bird's 
nest  be  upon  a  tree  or  upon  the  ground,  be  they  young  or  eggs, 
thou  shalt  not  take  the  dam  with  the  young,  but  in  any  wise 
thou  shalt  let  the  dam  go,  and  take  the  young  to  thee,  that  it 
may  be  well  with  thee.  Doth  God  count  it  an  act  of  cruelty  to 
put  no  difference  between  old  and  young  in  an  unreasonable 
creature,  and  shall  not  man  shun  cruelty  towards  the  reasonable  ? 
If  your  children  come  in  at  sixteen  years,  well  may  their  fathers 
be  taken  out  at  sixty. 

"  3ly.  Old  men  of  sixty  years  have  not  the  organs  of  nature  to 
handle  their  arms,  and  are  overborne  with  heat  and  cold,  having 

1  Middlesex  Court  Record.  8  Ibid.     Kerley  resided  in  Lancaster. 

2  Ibid. 

26 


402  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

many  natural  infirmities,  and  are  slow  in  action  ;  that  which  was 
their  delight,  when  young,  is  their  burden  being  old.  For  old 
men  to  attend  common  trainings,  to  stand  forth  with  every  young 
boy  to  answer  to  his  name,  and  it  may  be  stand  three  or  four 
hours  together,  till  his  joints  be  stiff  and  numb,  that  he  can 
scarce  go  upon  his  legs,  —  surely  such  practice  cannot  be  pleasing 
to  God ;  and  then  not  to  be  suffered  nor  approved  on  by  men ; 
but  we  hope  our  wise  and  godly  magistrates  will  take  it  into 
serious  consideration,  and  relieve  such  as  are  thereby  oppressed." 
This  appeal  was  not  immediately  successful,  as  appears  by  the 
petition  of  a  Cambridge  man  in  1673  :  "  I  would  intreat  that 
favor  of  this  honored  Court,  that  T  may  be  freed  wholly  from 
training  any  more,  as  one  not  being  able  to  perform  that  service 
by  reason  of  a  consumptive  cough  I  have  had  about  a  year  and  a 
half,  and  other  weakness  of  body  that  attend  me,  besides  my  age 
which  is  very  near  63  years  ;  so  that  I  find  that  exercise,  when 
standing  so  long  upon  the  ground,  very  prejudicious  and  destruc- 
tive to  my  health,  as  I  found  by  experience  the  last  training  day, 
although  it  was  a  warm  day.  So  committing  myself  to  your 
worships  favor  I  rest  your  humble  servant.  THO.  SWCETMAN. 
The  8  (8)  73."  1  In  1689,  the  term  of  service  had  been  short- 
ened. l%  All  the  inhabitants  from  sixteen  to  sixty  years  in  each 
town  are  by  the  law  and  constant  custom  of  the  country  to  bear 
arms,  if  occasion  shall  require."  2  But,  although  the  private 
soldiers  were  released  from  further  service,  on  attaining  three 
score  years,  their  officers  sometimes  voluntarily  served  until  a 
much  later  period  of  life.  A  notable  example  of  this  long-con- 
tinued devotion  to  official  service  was  exhibited  by  Captain 
Samuel  Green,  the  veteran  printer,  who  was  sergeant  in  the 
expedition  against  Gorton,  as  before  stated,  in  1643,  ensign  in 
1660,  and  on  the  27th  of  June,  1689,  became  a  captain.  Of  him 
it  was  stated,  in  an  obituary  notice  of  his  son  Bartholomew,  that 
"  this  Captain  Green  was  a  commission  officer  of  the  military 
company  at  Cambridge,  who  chose  him  for  above  sixty  years  to- 
gether; and  he  died  there,  Jan.  1, 1701-2,  ae.  87,  highly  esteemed 
and  beloved  both  for  piety  and  a  martial  genius.  He  took  such 
great  delight  in  the  military  exercise,  that  the  arrival  of  their 
training  days  would  always  raise  his  joy  and  spirit ;  and  when  he 
was  grown  so  aged  that  he  could  not  walk,  he  would  be  carried 
out  in  his  chair  into  the  field,  to  view  and  order  his  company."  3 

1  Middltxex  Court  Files.  England  from  the  beginning  of  that  Planta- 

2  A  Brief  Relation  of  the  state  of  New     tion  to  this  present  year,  1689,  p.  9. 

8  Boston  News  Letter,  Jan.  4,  1733. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  403 

In  the  warfare  with  the  French  and  Indians,  during  most  of 
the  time  for  more  than  thirty  years  after  the  government  of  the 
Province  was  organized  under  the  new  charter,  Cambridge  fur- 
nished both  officers  and  soldiers,  of  whom,  however,  the  lists  are 
imperfect.  Among  the  officers  may  be  included  John  Leverett, 
Esq.  (afterwards  President  of  the  College),  who,  with  his  asso- 
ciates, Col.  Elisha  Hutchinson  and  Col.  Penn  Townsend,  received 
instructions  from  Governor  Dudley,  July  3,  1707,  as  "  joint  com- 
missioners for  the  superior  command,  conduct,  rule  and  govern- 
ment of  her  majesty's  forces  on  the  expedition  to  Nova  Scotia 
and  L'Accadie." l  Andrew  Belcher,  previously  of  Cambridge, 
was  Commissary  five  years  before  1708. 2  In  the  expedition 
against  Port  Royal,  which  sailed  from  Nantasket  Sept.  18,  1710, 
Edmund  Goffe  was  Lieut.-colonel  of  the  regiment  whereof  Wil- 
liam Tailer  was  Colonel  and  William  Dudley  was  Major.  SamueT 
Gookin  (grandson  of  General  Gookin)  was  a  Lieutenant  in  the 
company  commanded  by  Capt.  Robert  Handy.8  In  the  Minutes 
of  Council,  when  raising  troops  for  an  expedition  against  Canada 
in  1711,  are  some  memoranda  concerning  Cambridge  men  :  June 
20,  "  Mr.  Daniel  Foxcroft  spoken  with  to  be  sub-commissary  in 
this  expedition,  and  accepted."  June  21,  "  Capt.  Gookin4  and 
Capt.  Phips  to  be  sent  to  for  riding  officers."  June  22,  "  Mr. 
Sheriff  Gookin  and  Capt.  Sam1.  Phips  accepted  to  ride  the  circle 
for  hastening  the  troops  "  (Gookin  commanded  a  company  in 
this  expedition).  June  23,  Lieut. -col.  Goffe  and  Major  Jonas 
Bond  to  provide  quarters  for  the  troops  "  of  the  north  of  Charles 
River,  appointed  to  rendezvous  at  Cambridge."5 

Col.  Edmund  Goffe  submitted  a  memorial  to  Lieut. -gov.  Dum- 
mer,  in  1724,  when  the  Province  was  engaged  in  a  war  with 
the  Indians,  representing  that  "  in  the  month  of  July  last  past," 
he  "  was  commissionated  and  appointed  to  be  Colonel  of  all  the 
forces  in  the  western  frontiers  of  Middlesex  and  Essex,  together 
with  the  town  of  Brookfield,  by  his  Honor  the  Lieutenant  Gov- 
ernor," and  that  he  had  visited  all  the  stations  at  great  personal 
expense,  and  at  the  hazard  of  his  life  ;  he  reported  the  "  number 
of  men  now  in  the  service  of  this  Government  in  the  towns  fol- 
lowing, viz. :  Dunstable,  40 ;  Dracut,  12  ;  Almsbury,  10;  Haver- 
hill,  12  ;  Groton,  14  ;  Lancaster,  14 ;  Turkey-Hills,  12 ;  Rut- 
land, 25  ;  Brookfield,  10  ;  total,  149."  6  At  a  later  period,  Rev. 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixxi.  368.  *  Sheriff  of  Middlesex,  and  son  of  Gen. 

2  Ibid.,  p.  455.  Gookin. 

8  Ibid.,  p.  673.  6  Mass.  Arch.,  Ixxi.  806,  807. 

6  Ibid.,  Ixxii.  169-172. 


404  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Ammi-Ruhamali  Cutter  (a  Cambridge  man),  H.  C.  1725,  having 
been  dismissed  from  his  charge  at  North  Yarmouth,  served  his 
country  as  Captain  several  years  before  his  death,  which  occurred 
at  Louisburg  in  March,  1746.1 

Next  after  Colonel  Goft'e,  William  Brattle  was  for  many  years 
the  most  prominent  military  character.  He  attained  the  rank  of 
Major  as  early  as  1728,  when  he  was  only  twenty-two  years 
old;  Colonel,  before  March,  1739;  Adjutant-general  in  1758; 
Brigadier-general,  as  early  as  1760,  and  Major-general  of  the 
militia  throughout  the  Province  in  1771.  During  the  French 
War,  which  commenced  in  1753  (though  not  formally  declared 
until  1756)  and  continued  until  1763,  he  was  active  and  ener- 
getic in  the  raising  of  troops  and  the  general  administration  of 
military  affairs  in  the  Province ;  but  in  the  army  Cambridge 
seems  to  have  had  no  officer  of  higher  rank  than  Captain.2  I 
have  gleaned  from  the  muster  rolls,  preserved  in  the  State  House, 
the  names  of  probably  only  a  portion  of  the  Cambridge  officers 
and  privates  who  served  in  that  war.  Of  officers,  Capt.  Thomas 
Adams,  Capt.  William  Angier,  Lieut.  Leonai'd  Jones,  and  En- 
signs Joseph  Chadwiek  and  John  Dickson.  Of  staff  and  non- 
commissioned officers,  Samuel  Dean,  Chaplain  ;  Francis  Moore, 
Surgeon  ;  John  Wright,  Surgeon's  Mate  ;  Daniel  Barrett,  Down- 
ing Champney,  John  Demont,  Benjamin  Manning,  Abraham 
Osborn,  and  James  Lanman,  Sergeants ;  William  Baldwin, 
Jason  Batherick  and  William  Butterfield,  Corporals.  Some- 

1  Cutter  Family,  55-59.  The  names  of  to  the  shorter  war  with  France,  1744  to 
a  few  non-commissioned  officers  and  pri-  1748.  A  paper  is  on  file  in  the  office  of 
vates  also,  during  these  troublous  times,  the  City  Clerk,  endorsed,  "  Men  enlisted 
have  been  preserved.  Joseph  Hastings  in  Cambridge  against  Canada,  1745  and 
was  wounded  and  lost  an  eye  in  1690.  1746,"  containing  the  following  names: 
In  the  same  year,  among  those  who  were  Capt.  [William]  Phips,  Lieut.  [Spencer] 
engaged  in  the  unfortunate  expedition  Phips,  Lieut.  Moore,  Sergeant  Gee,  Sam- 
against  Canada  are  found  the  names  of  uel  Andrew,  William  Barrett,  Jr.,  John 
John  Andrew,  William  Blanchard,  Na-  Batherick,  W.  Brown,  Nathaniel  Chad- 
thaniil  Bowman,  Matthew  Bridge,  Daniel  wick,  Downing  Champney,  Solomon 
Champney,  James  Cutler,  Edward  Green,  Champney,  John  Clark,  Abraham  Col- 
Stephen  Hastings,  Joseph  Hicks,  John  frey,  Benjamin  Crackbone,  Robert  Crow- 
Manning,  John  Peirce,  Joseph  Smith,  ell,  "  Cutter's  Man,'' Fillebrown,  Si- 
Nathaniel  Sparhawk,  John  Squire,  Thorn-  mon  Godding,  Nathaniel  Hancock,  An- 
as Stacy,  John  Stedmm.  In  1707,  drew  Hill,  Andrew  Hinds,  William  How, 
John  Comce  was  killed,  and  Benjamin  Edward  Jackson,  Joseph  Kidder,  Cuffe 
Ma-sey  "captived."  Sergeants  William  Monis,  William  Morse,  Thomas  Patrick, 
Cheever  and  Eliazar  P.irker  served  in  Reuben  Prentice,  Edward  Pursley,  John 
1722;  Zechariah  Hicks,  clerk,  and  John  Smith,  Solomon  Smith,  John  Sparhawk, 
Manning,  in  1724;  Sergeant  Simon  Hoi-  Edward  Stank-y,  Michael  Stanley,  Jon- 
den,  in  1725,  and  John  Oldham,  in  1740.  athan  Stedman,  Webber,  William 

J  The  s  ime  remark  holds  true  in  regard  Woodhouse. 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  405 

what  more  than  one  hundred  names  of  private  soldiers  are  pre- 
served ;  and  although  the  list  is  probably  far  from  perfect,  it  is 
inserted  in  a  note.1 

One  of  the  papers  in  the  Massachusetts  Archives  commemo- 
rates the  good  service  of  a  Cambridge  officer  and  its  recognition 
by  the  General  Court :  "  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay. 
To  his  Excellency  Francis  Bernard,  Esq.,  Captain  General,  Gov- 
ernor, and  Commander-in-Chief,  in  and  over  his  Majesty's  Prov- 
ince aforesaid,  the  Honble  his  Majesty's  Counc\J,  and  the  Hon1)le 
House  of  Representatives  in  General  Court  assembled  at  Boston, 
December,  1763,  —  Humbly  sheweth  William  Angier  of  Cam- 
bridge, that  on  the  second  day  of  November,  A.  D.  1759,  he  was 
Captain  of  a  company  in  Col.  Joseph  Frye's  Regiment,  stationed 
at  Fort  Cumberland  in  Nova  Scotia :  that  the  Regiment  appear- 
ing inclined  to  mutiny,  and  refusing  to  do  duty  because  (they 
said)  the  time  they  enlisted  for  expired  the  day  before ;  and  as 
there  was  no  troops  arrived  to  relieve  the  Regiment,  the  Fort 
would  undoubtedly  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  if  the  Reg- 
iment (as  they  threatened)  should  desert  it,  Col.  Frye,  to  pre- 
vent their  desertion,  ordered  the  several  Captains  to  demand 
from  the  men  their  arms ;  in  consequence  of  which  order  your 
petitioner  mustered  his  Company  on  the  parade  and  demanded 

1  Theophilus  Alexander,  William  Al-  Aaron  Hodges,  Nathaniel  Holden,  Elisha 
ford,  Henry  Appleton,  John  Badger,  Holmes,  Daniel  Hovey,  Simon  Howard, 
William  Barker,  Caleb  Barrett,  Jonathan  Jonathan  Ingersol,  Jonas  Jackson,  John 
Barrett,  Joshua  Barrett,  John  Bartlett,  Kidder,  David  Lamson,  Edward  Man- 
John  Batherick,  Timothy  Batherick,  Ja-  ning,  William  Marshall,  John  Mason, 
son  Belknap,  Joseph  Belknap,  John  Bisco,  John  Matthews,  Thomas  Mayhew,  Fran- 
Israel  Blackington,  Thomas  Brickley,  cis  Moore,  Jr.,  William  Moore,  Christo- 
Thomas  Brown,  John  Bryant,  Eobert  pher  Mudgeon,  John  Mullett,  John  Nut- 
Bull,  Thomas  Bumstead,  Robert  Camp-  ting,  Daniel  Paine,  Stephen  Paine,  Daniel 
bell,  Moses  Chadwick,  Downing  Champ-  Parkhurst,  Thomas  Peirce,  Warren  Per- 
ney,  Ephraim  Child,  Thomas  Coe,  John  kins,  Reuben  Prentice,  Addison  Richard- 
Cole,  John  Cole,  Jr.,  Samuel  Cole,  son,  John  Rickey,  John  Robbins,  Joseph 
Aaron  Comstock.  Joshua  Converse,  Jo-  Robbins,  Nathan  Robbins,  Thomas  Rob- 
seph  Cook,  Daniel  Cooper,  John  Craige,  bins,  Jr.,  William  Robbins,  John  Robin- 
Samuel  Cutter,  Benjamin  Darling,  Ed-  son,  Hobart  Russell,  Philemon  Russell, 
ward  Dickson,  John  Dickson,  Jr.,  Wil-  Dennis  Ryan,  Henry  Seagcr,  Thomas 
liam  Doty,  Thomas  Durant,  Henry  Shepard,  Philip  Sherman,  Thomas  Slier- 
Evans,  Edward  Fillebrown,  John  Fille-  man,  Thomas  Sisson  (Drummer),  Joseph 
brown,  Richard  Fillebrown,  John  Fowle,  Smith,  Parsons  Smith,  Benjamin  Stanley, 
Simon  Gardis.  Samuel  Gookin,  Jr.,  Jo-  David  Stanley,  Jonathan  Stanley,  Jo- 
seph Hamilton,  Solomon  Hancock,  Cato  seph  Stanley,  Michael  Stanley,  Stephen 
Hanker,  Joseph  Hartwell,  Elisha  Hast-  Stearns,  Aaron  Swan,  Joshua  Swan, 
ings,  William  Hastings,  Jason  Hazard,  Samuel  Swan,  Mansfield  Tapley,  Thomas 
Timothy  Heath,  Abraham  Hill,  Andrew  Thwing,  Daniel  Warren,  Joseph  With- 
Ilill,  Benjamin  Hill,  Daniel  Hill,  Zacha-  ington,  Jason  Winship,  John  Wellington, 
riah  Hill,  Israel  Hinds,  Samuel  Hinds,  Jonas  Wycth. 


406  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

of  every  man  his  gun  :  —  that  Elisha  Jackson,  the  second  man  to 
whom  he  made  this  demand,  not  only  refused  to  deliver  his  gun, 
but  made  great  resistance  ;  and  upon  your  petitioner's  seizing  the 
gun,  he  with  great  force  and  violence  thrust  one  end  of  it  against 
his  breast ;  and  as  several  of  the  men  at  the  same  time  cocked 
their  guns,  your  petitioner  apprehending  his  life  to  be  in  great 
danger,  and  at  the  same  time  knowing  it  was  his  duty  if  possible 
to  put  his  Colonel's  orders  into  execution,  was  obliged  to  draw  his 
sword  and  with  it  (to  intimidate  the  rest  of  the  men)  strike  at 
the  said  Jackson,  who,  by  endeavoring  to  ward  it  off,  had  some 
of  his  fingers  cut.  However,  by  this  behavior  of  your  peti- 
tioner, it  is  the  opinion  of  Col.  Frye  and  the  other  officers  that 
a  general  mutiny  was  at  that  time  prevented,  and  the  Fort  pre- 
served from  falling  into  the  enemy's  hands  (your  petitioner's 
company  being  the  first  to  whom  the  Colonel's  orders  were  com- 
municated), as  Col.  Frye  is  ready  to  testify  to  your  Excellency 
and  Honors,  and  as  appears  by  the  annexed  affidavits.  Notwith- 
standing which,  the  said  Jackson,  soon  after  his  return  to  this 
Province,  sued  your  petitioner  for  striking  at  him  as  aforesaid, 
and  at  the  Superior  Court,  held  in  Charlestown  in  January  last, 
the  Jury  gave  a  verdict  for  your  petitioner  to  pay  him  six  pounds 
and  costs  (although  the  Honble  Judges  all  gave  their  opinion 
to  the  Jury  in  your  petitioner's  favor),  by  which  means  your 
petitioner  has  been  put  to  very  great  trouble  and  costs.  And  as 
your  petitioner  was  doing  his  duty  with  regard  to  said  Jackson, 
and  his  so  doing  was  the  means  of  preserving  the  King's  Fort,  he 
most  humbly  requests  that  your  Excellency  and  Honors  would 
be  pleased  in  some  measure  to  relieve  him,  by  making  him  a 
grant  of  the  sum  of  fifteen  pounds,  lawful  money,  being  the  sum 
with  the  costs  that  said  Jackson  recovered  of  him,  or  that  you 
would  be  pleased  otherwise  to  interpose  in  his  behalf,  as  to  you 
in  your  great  wisdom  shall  seem  meet.  And,  as  in  duty  bound 
your  petitioner  shall  ever  pray.  WILLIAM  ANGIER.  In  the 
House  of  Representatives,  Jan.  27,  1764.  Read,  and  ordered 
That  the  sum  of  fifteen  pounds  be  paid  out  of  the  public  Treasury 
to  the  petitioner  in  full  consideration  for  his  sufferings.  Sent  up 
for  concurrence.  TiM°.  RUGGLES,  Spkr.  In  Council,  Jan.  27, 
1764.  Read,  and  concurred.  JOHN  COTTON,  D.  SECT.  Con- 
sented to,  FRA.  BERNARD."  l 

General  Brattle  remained  Major-general  of  all  the  militia  in 
the  Province  until  the  commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  War. 

1  .Mass.  Arch.,  Ixxx.  395. 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  407 

At  the  same  time,  agreeably  to  the  military  code  until  that  time 
in  force,  he  retained  the  offices  of  Colonel  of  the  First  Middlesex 
Regiment,  and  Captain  of  the  train-band  of  Cambridge.  The 
officer  in  immediate  command  of  the  train-band  was  styled  Cap- 
tain Lieutenant,  though  ranking  as  Captain.  Thus  the  records 
in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  show  that  in  1763  commis- 
sions were  issued  to  William  Brattle,  Colonel,  and  Henry  Vassall, 
Lieut. -colonel,  of  the  1st  Regiment  in  Middlesex,  also  to  Edward 
Marrett,  Capt.  Lieutenant,  Eliphalet  Robbins,  2d  Lieutenant,  and 
William  Gamage,  Ensign  of  the  train-band.  In  1765,  Eliphalet 
Robbins  became  Capt.  Lieut.,  William  Gamage,  2d  Lieut.,  and 
Seth  Hastings,  Ensign,  who  was  soon  afterwards  succeeded  by 
Thomas  Gardner.  In  1771,  commissions  were  issued  to  "  Honble 
William  Brattle,  Esq.  Major  General  of  the  militia  throughout 
the  Province  "  ;  also  to  Honble  William  Brattle,  Esq.,  Colonel ; 
Thomas  Oliver,  Esq.,  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  1st  Regiment  in 
Middlesex  ; x  and  in  the  same  year,  Thomas  Gardner  became 
Capt.  Lieut.,  Samuel  Thatcher,  2d  Lieut.,  and  John  Gardner, 
Ensign,  of  the  train-band,  which  up  to  that  time  included  the 
militia  on  the  south  side  of  the  river.  There  was  another  train- 
band in  Menotomy  (Arlington),  of  which  Ephi'aim  Frost  was 
Captain,  William  Cutler,  Lieut.,  and  Daniel  Brown,  Ensign,  in 
1766  ;  and  Ephraim  Frost,  Captain,  Daniel  Brown,  Lieut.,  and 
William  Adams,  Ensign,  in  1771. 

There  are  traces  also  of  a  Cavalry  company  styled  the  Troop, 
whose  Captain  and  two  Lieutenants,  like  those  of  the  present 
company  of  Cadets,  ranked  as  Colonel,  Lieutenant-colonel,  and 
Major.  Of  this  company,  probably  including  members  from 
several  towns,  some  of  the  commanders  were  Cambridge  men. 
When  the  Governor  commenced  a  journey  "•  by  land  for  his  other 
government  of  New  Hampshire,"  Oct.  15,  1716,  he  "  was  met  by 
Spencer  Phips,  Esq.,  with  his  Troop  of  horse,  the  Sheriff  of  Mid- 
dlesex, and  other  gentlemen  of  the  county,  and  by  them  con- 
ducted to  Harvard  College  in  Cambridge,"  etc.2  It  is  not  un- 
likely that  the  elder  Col.  John  Vassall  may  have  derived  his 
title  from  the  command  of  the  same  company ;  but  I  find  no 
definite  designation  of  officers  succeeding  Colonel  Phips  until 
1771,  when  his  son  David  Phips  was  commissioned  Captain,  and 
John  Vassall 3  and  Jonathan  Snelling  Lieutenants,  with  the  rank 
respectively  of  Colonel,  Lieutenant-colonel,  and  Major. 

1  Massachusetts  Spy,  August  1,  1771.        Colonel  Phips  was  Lieut.-goveruor  from 

2  Boston   News   Letter,  Oct.   22,  1716.     1732  until  he  died  in  1757. 

8  Son  of  the  first  Col.  John  Vassall. 


408  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

The  military  events  in  and  around  Cambridge  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Revolutionary  War  have  been  so  fully  related 
in  Frothingham's  "  History  of  the  Siege  of  Boston,"  that  I  may 
properly  forbear  to  travel  again,  step  by  step,  over  the  same 
ground.  It  may  suffice  if  I  mention  a  few  transactions  in  which 
the  inhabitants  of  this  town  were  actively  engaged,  or  especially 
interested. 

Before  the  commencement  of  active  hostilities,  General  Brattle 
gave  place  to  his  former  Lieutenant,  Thomas  Gardner,  as  com- 
mander of  the  company  composed  of  the  militia  in  what  is  now 
Cambridge,  together  with  those  who  resided  in  that  part  of  the 
town  which  was  afterwards  Brighton.  At  the  new  organization 
of  the  military  force,  Captain  Gardner  was  elected  Colonel  of 
the  First  Middlesex  Regiment,  and  his  Lieutenant,  Samuel 
Thatcher,  was  promoted  to  the  office  of  Captain.  On  the 
memorable  19th  of  April,  1775,  when  the  British  troops  landed 
at  Lechmere's  Point  (East  Cambridge),  under  cover  of  the  night, 
crossed  the  marshes  to  the  Milk  Row  Road  (now  Milk  Street, 
Somerville),  and  marched  through  Beech  Street  1  and  North 
Avenue  to  Menotomy,  and  thence  to  Lexington  and  Concord, 
Captain  Thatcher  and  his  company  were  among  the  foremost  to 
rally  for  the  public  defence.  There  is  a  tradition  that  a  British 
soldier,  becoming  sick,  was  left  at  Lechmere's  Point,  and  sought 
relief  at  the  solitary  house  then  standing  there  ;  and  that  the  oc- 
cupant of  the  house  immediately  gave  the  alarm  at  the  centre  of 
the  town.  Whether  this  tradition  be  trustworthy  or  not,  there 
is  good  reason  to  believe  that  the  Cambridge  militia  pursued 
the  foe  very  early  in  the  morning,  and  fully  participated  in  the 
perils  and  the  glory  of  that  day.  Their  muster  roll  says  they 
"  marched  on  the  alarm,"  and  the  "  number  of  miles  out  and 
home  "  for  which  they  were  credited,  was  twenty-eight,  —  equal 
to  the  distance  to  and  from  Concord.  In  commemoration  of 
their  patriotism,  I  insert  "  A  Muster  Roll  of  the  company  under 
the  command  of  Capt.  Sam1.  Thatcher,  in  Col°.  Gardner's  Reg- 
iment" of  militia,  which  marchd  on  the  alarm,  April  19, 
1775:  "2- 

Sam1.  Thatcher,  Capt.,  Jothani  Walton,  2d  Lieut., 

John  Walton,  Lieut.,  Josiah  Moore,  Serg*., 

1  Beech  Street  was  then  the  only  open  North  Avenue  at  Union  Square,  was  not 

passage-way  between  the  Milk  Row  Road  established  as  a  highway  until   a  much 

and  North  Avenue.     Milk  Street  in  Cam-  later  day. 

bridge,  from  Milk  Street  in  Somerville  to  2  Muster  rolls  in  the  State  House. 


MILITARY    HISTORY. 


409 


Joseph  Bates,  Serg1., 
Sam11.  Butterfield.  Serg1., 
James  Kittle,  Serg'., 
Thos.  Fillebrown,  Corp., 
Belcher  Hancock,  Corp., 
Joshua  Gamage,  Drum1"., 
Will.  Bradish,  Drumr., 
Joseph  Ayers, 
John  Batherick, 
Will.  Bordman,  Jr., 
Oliver  Brown, 
Benj.  Butterfield, 
Edmund  Bowman, 
Will.  Brewer, 
John  Caldwell, 
Walter  Coxs,1 
Sam".  Coxs, 
Joseph  Coxs, 
Solomon  Cooper, 
Henry  Dickson, 
Isaiah  Dickson, 
John  Dickson, 
John  Evers, 
Ebenr.  Fisher, 
Stephen  Frost, 
Jonathan  Frost, 
David  Frost, 
John  Frost, 
Ebenr.  Fessenden, 
Stephen  Goddard, 
Benj.  Goddard, 
Thos.  Goddard, 
Nathaniel  Goddard, 
Torry  Hancock, 
Philemon  Hastings, 
Thomas  Hastings, 
Stephen  Hastings, 

1  Cox  is  the  proper  name. 

2  Of  the  "  scholars,"  who  seem  to  have 
volunteered,  John  Haven  was  of  the  col- 
lege Class  of  1776,  and  Edward  Bangs 
and    Daniel   Kilham  (probably  the  per- 
sons here  named),  were  of  the  Class  of 
1777.      Lincoln    (Hist.    Worcester,    233) 
says  that  Mr.  Bangs  "  remained  in  Cam- 


Will.  Manning, 
Abel  Moore, 
Alexander  Nelson, 
John  Phillips,  Jr., 
Thomas  Prentiss, 
Nath11.  Prentice, 
Daniel  Prentice, 
Sam".  Prentice, 
Israel  Porter, 
Stephen  Palmer,  Jr., 
Joseph  Palmer, 
James  Stone, 
Robert  Twadwell, 
Josiah  Temple, 
Ebenr.  Wyeth, 
Jonas  Wyeth, 
Jonas  Wyeth,  Jr. 
Noah  Wyeth, 
Joseph  Wyeth, 
John  Wyman, 
Nathan  Watson, 
Joshua  Walker, 
John  Warland, 
Thomas  Warland, 
Nath".  Wait, 
Thomas  Barrett, 
James  Reed, 
John  Butterfield, 
Edward  Fillebrown, 
John  Prentice, 
Parson  Smith, 
John  Haven,  \ 

Bangs,   >  Schol.2 

Killam,  ) 

Cato  Stedman,  a  Negro, 
Cato  Bordman,  a  Negro. 


bridge  during  the  spring  vacation  of  1775, 
when  the  British  troops  marched  to  Con- 
cord. On  the  19th  of  April,  as  soon  as 
intelligence  of  the  hostile  movement  was 
received,  he  hastily  equipped  himself  from 
the  armory  of  the  college  company,  re- 
paired to  the  scene  of  action,  and  fought 
gallantly  during  the  day." 


410  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

A  company  of  minute-men  had  previously  been  organized  in 
the  northwest  precinct  of  the  town,  or  Menotomy,  under  the 
command  of  Capt.  Benjamin  Locke,  consisting  of  fifty  non-com- 
missioned officers  and  privates,  twenty-five  of  whom  are  described 
as  residents  in  Cambridge  on  the  original  enlistment  roll,  which 
is  still  extant.1  There  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt  that  this 
company  was  actively  engaged  in  the  conflict  on  the  19th  of 
April,2  and  the  names  of  its  Cambridge  members  should  be 
here  inserted. 

Benjamin  Locke,  Capt.  Charles  Cutter, 

Solomon  Bowman,  Lieut.  Andrew  Cutter, 

Stephen  Frost,  Ens.  Joseph  Frost, 

John  Cutter,  Serg1.  John  Fowle, 

Moses  Hovey,  Serg'.  Miles  Greenwood, 

Thomas  Cutter,  Corp1.  Abraham  Hill, 

John  Ticld,  Corp1.  Elisha  Hastings, 

James  Fowle,  Corp1.  Zechariah  Hill, 

Seth  Stone,  Corp1.  John  Locke, 

William  Adams,  Jonathan  Perry, 

Israel  Blackington,  Peter  Stearns, 

Israel  Blackington,  Jr.,  Josiah  Williams, 

Matthew  Cox,  William  Winship, 

Joseph  Cox,  Cuff  Whittemore  (negro). 

This  was  an  eventful  day  in  Cambridge.  The  first  detach- 
ment of  British  troops  passed  through  the  town,  at  midnight, 
stealthily  and  unmolested.  The  reinforcement  marched  openly 
at  midday  ;  but  the  militia  were  engaged  in  the  distant  conflict, 
and  no  opposition  was  offered,  except  the 'removal  of  the  planks 
from  the  Great  Bridge  ; 3  these,  however,  were  speedily  replaced, 

1  In  possession  of  the  family  of  the  late     doubt  that  prompt  and  effective  service 
"Delmont  Locke.    See  Smith's  Address  al     was  rendered  in  this  memorable  conflict. 

West  Cambridge  (1864),  p.  59.  2  General  Heath  says  (Memoirs,  p.  13), 

2  More  than  thirty  years  ago,  I  copied  that  he  sent  some  of  the  Watertown  mil- 
from  a   muster   roll,   then   in   the    State  itia  "down  to  Cambridge,  with  directions 
House,  the   names   of  twenty-five   Cam-  to  take  up  the  planks,  barricade  the  south 
bridge   men  who  served    in   a   company  end  of  the  bridge,  and  there  to  take  post ; 
commanded   by  Capt.  Benjamin   Locke,  that,  in  case  the  British  should,  on  their 
in  1775.     Unfortunately  that  muster  roll  return,  take  that  road  to  Boston,  their  rc- 
has  disappeared,  so  that  I  cannot  ascer-  treat  might  be  impeded."    Other  accounts 
tain  its  precise  date  ;  but  as  the  names  say  the  planks  were  removed  to  the  north 
correspond,   name    for   name,    with    the  side  of  the  bridge,  by  order  of  the  Select- 
Cambridge  names  on  Capt.  Locke's   En-  men,    to   impede    the   advance   of    Lord 
listmcnt  Roll  of  Minute-men,  we  need  not  Percy  with  the  reinforcement. 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  411 

and  the  troops  suffered  little  delay.1  But  their  retreat  toward 
Boston  was  far  different.  From  the  westerly  border  of  Menot- 
omy  to  their  point  of  departure  by  Beech  Street  into  the  Milk 
Row  Road,  their  passage  was  through  a  flame  of  fire.  The  pro- 
vincials rallied  from  the  towns  in  the  vicinity2  even  to  as 
great  a  distance  as  Salem,  and  hung  upon  their  rear  and  flanks, 
firing  upon  them  from  every  advantageous  point.  The  British 
loss,  in  this  retreat,  is  reported  to  have  been  "  seventy-three 
killed,  one  hundred  and  seventy-four  wounded,  and  twenty-six 
missing, —  the  most  of  which  were  taken  prisoners."3  Of  the 
provincials  the  loss  was  less,  being  forty-nine  killed,  thirty-nine 
wounded,  and  five  missing.4  This  conflict  has  generally  been 
called  the  "  Concord  Fight,"  or  "  Lexington  Battle ;  "  but  the 
carnage  was  greater  in  this  town  than  in  any  other  ;  greater  in- 
deed than  in  all  others  combined,  if  it  be  true,  as  has  been  stated 
by  a  diligent  investigator,  that  "  at  least  twenty-two  of  the 
Americans,  and  probably  more  than  twice  that  number  of  the 
British,  fell  in  West  Cambridge."5  As  many  as  four6  native 
citizens  were  killed  on  the  southerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  a  few 
feet  eastwardly  from  Spruce  Street,  near  the  house  then  owned" 
by  Jacob  Watson.7  These  four,  with  the  twenty-two  slain  in 
the  northwest  precinct,  make  a  total  of  twenty-six,  —  more  than 
half  of  the  whole  number  of  Americans  whose  lives  were  sacri- 
ficed on  that  memorable  day. 

Among  the  victims  were  six  inhabitants  of  Cambridge,  three 

1  The   train   bearing   their    provisions  3  Frothingham's  Siege  of  Boston,  p.  82. 
and  supplies  was  less  fortunate;  it  was  *  Ibid.,  p.  81.     The  place  of  residence 
delayed  so  long  that  it  lost  the  protection  of  those  who  were  killed   is  indicated  in 
of  the  troops,  and  was  captured  at  Menot-  the  preceding  note. 

omy  by  a  dozen  exempts,  or  men  too  old  6  Smith's  Address,  p.  48. 

to  go  into  the  conflict  in  which  all  the  6  General  Heath  (Memoirs,  p.  14)  sa\s, 

young  men  were  actively  engaged.  "  several  of  the  militia  (among  whom  was 

2  The  list  of  killed,  wounded,  and  miss-  Isaac  Gardner,  Esq.,  of  Brookline,  a  val- 
ing,   gives    the    names    of    twenty-three  uable  citizen)  imprudently  posted  them- 
towns,  which,  with  their  respective  num-  selves  behind  some  dry  casks,  at  Watson's 
her  of  killed  are  as  follows  :  Acton,  3  ;  Corner,-and  near  to  the  road,  unsuspicious 
Bedford,  1  ;  Beverly,  1 ;  Billerica ;  Brook-  of  the  enemy's  flank-guard,  which  came 
line,    1;     Cambridge,    6;      Charlestown,  behind  them  and  killed  every  one  of  them 
2;    Chelmsford;    Concord;  Danvers,  7;  dead  on  the  spot."    Neither  Gardner  nor 
Dedham,    1  ;    Framingham  ;    Lexington,  the  Cambridge  men   killed  were   of    the 
10  ;  Lynn,  4  ;  Medford,  2  ;  Needham,  5  ;  "  militia ;  "  if  any  such  were  slain  here,  it 
Newton;    Roxbury;    Salem,    1;    Stow;  increases  by  so  much   the  number  who 
Sudbury,  2;    Watertown,  1  ;  Woburn,  2.  fell  in  Cambridge. 

See  Frothingham's  Siege  of  Boston,  pp.  7  This  house  was  the  residence  of  the 

80,  81.     Certainly  some  other  towns,  and  late  John    Davenport,  after  he   left    the 

probably  many,  besides  these,  were  repre-  tavern.      It  was  said  to  exhibit  a  largo 

sented  in  this  sanguinary  conflict.  number  of  bullet-holes. 


412  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

on  each  side  of  Menotomy  River.1  Jason  Russell,  son  of  Hubbard 
Russell,  born  Jan.  25,  1717,  resided  on  the  southerly  side  of  the 
Main  Street  not  far  westerly  from  the  centre  of  Menotomy  (Arling- 
ton) ;  "  he  barricaded  his  gate  with  bundles  of  shingles,  making 
what  he  thought  would  be  a  good  cover  from  which  to  fire  on  the 
enemy  as  they  returned."  The  British  flank-guard  drove  in  a 
party  of  militia,  who  "  rushed  into  Mr.  Russell's  house.  Mr. 
Russell  himself,  being  lame,  was  the  last  to  reach  the  house,  and 
was  shot  with  two  bullets  in  his  own  doorway  ;  they  found  after- 
wards eleven  bayonet  stabs  on  the  body  of  the  poor  old  man." 
"  The  house  itself  was  riddled  with  bullets,  and  the  marks  of 
them  in  many  places  are  still  visible."  2  Jason  Winship,  son  of 
Jason  Winship  (who  was  drowned  Dec.  26,  1762),  was  baptized 
June  28, 1730.  Jabez  Wyman,  son  of  John  Wyinan,  was  born  at 
Woburn  July  24,  1710,  but  had  long  resided  here.  The  two  last 
named  were  slain  at  Cooper's  tavern.  "  They  had  come  up  to 
inquire  the  news,  and  were  surprised  there.  The  landlady,  Mrs. 
Cooper,  who  was  just  mixing  flip  at  the  bar,  with  her  husband 
fled  to  the  cellar."  3  A  month  afterwards,  Benjamin  Cooper  and 
"Rachel  Cooper  deposed  "  that  in  the  afternoon  of  the  19th  day 
of  April  last,  the  King's  regular  troops  under  the  command  of 
General  Gage,  upon  their  return  from  blood  and  slaughter,  which 
they  had  made  at  Lexington  and  Concord,  fired  more  than  one 
hundred  bullets  into  the  house  where  we  dwell,  through  doors, 
windows,  &c. ;  then  a  number  of  them  entered  the  house  where 
we  and  two  aged  gentlemen  were  all  unarmed  ;  we  escaped  for 
our  lives  into  the  cellar ;  the  two  aged  gentlemen  were  immedi- 
ately most  barbarously  and  inhumanly  murdered  by  them,  being 
stabbed  through  in  many  places,  their  heads  mangled,  sculls  broke, 
and  their  brains  out  on  the  floor  and  walls  of  the  house."  4  On 
North  Avenue,  near  the  easterly  end  of  Spruce  Street,  three 
Cambridge  men  were  killed :  John  Hicks,  son  of  John,  and  great- 
grandson  of  Zechariah  Hicks,  was  born  here,  May  23,  1725. 
He  built  and  resided  in  the  house  still  standing  on  the  south- 
easterly corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets.  Among  the 
early  patriots  he  was  active  in  resisting  the  arbitrary  measures  of 

1  The  old  monument  in  the  Menotomy  cruelly  slain  on  that  fatal  day."    Win- 
burial  place  had   this  inscription  :  "  Mr.  ship  and  Wyman  were  two  of  the  num- 
Jason  Russell  was  barbarously  murdered  ber;  the  other  nine  may  have  been  inhab- 
in  his  own  house,  by  Gage's  bloody  troops  itants  of  other  towns, 
on  the  19th  of  April,  aetat.  59.    His  body  2  Smith's  Address,  pp.  37-39. 
is  quietly  resting  in  this  grave,  with  eleven  8  Ibid.,  p.  45. 
of  our  friends,  who,  in  like  manner,  were  4  Mass.  Arch.,  cxxxviii.  371. 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  413 

the  British  Government.  There  is  a  tradition  among  his  de- 
scendants that  he  assisted  in  the  destruction  of  the  tea  in  Boston 
Harbor,  Dec.  16,  1773.  He  is  said  to  have  been  shot  through 
the  heart.  Moses  Richardson,  born  probably  about  1725,  was  a 
carpenter,  and  resided  in  the  house  which  still  stands  at  the  north- 
easterly angle  of  Holmes  Place,  and  which  was  afterwards  the 
home  of  Mr.  Royal  Morse  for  about  three  quarters  of  a  century. 
Like  Hicks,  he  was  exempt  from  military  service,  on  account  of 
his  age  ;  but,  like  him  also,  he  is  represented  to  have  been  ac- 
tively engaged  in  the  conflict  as  a  volunteer.1  William  Marcy 
was  a  laborer,  employed  by  Dr.  William  Kneeland.  His  origin 
and  former  residence  have  not  been  ascertained  ;  but  he  seems  to 
have  been  here  about  five  years  before  his  death.2  Tradition 
says  he  was  a  person  of  feeble  intellect,  —  who  imagined  the  mil- 
itary parade  to  be  an  ordinary  training  or  muster,  and  the  con- 
flict to  be  a  sham  fight ;  he  was  sitting  on  a  fence  near  the  street, 
enjoying  the  spectacle,  when  he  was  shot  by  the  British  flank 
guard.3  At  the  same  time  and  place,  Isaac  Gardner,  Esq.,  of 
Brookline  was  killed. 

In  an  address  at  the  dedication  of  their  monument,  Rev.  Alex- 
ander McKenzie  has  embodied  the  traditions  preserved  in  one  of 
the  families  concerning  the  burial  of  these  three  victims  :  — 

"•  The  son  of  John  Hicks,  a  boy  fourteen  years  old,  was  sent 
by  Ins  mother4  in  the  afternoon  to  look  for  his  father  who  had 
been  absent  most  of  the  day.  He  found  him  lying  by  the  side 
of  the  road  dead.  Marcy  and  Richardson  were  near  him.  He 
procured  assistance,  and  the  bodies  were  lifted  into  a  wagon  and 
brought  here  for  burial.  But  who  had  leisure  for  funeral  rites  ? 
The  dead  alone  were  safe,  done  with  duty.  The  living  had  the 
living  to  care  for.  One  grave  received  them  all,  as  with  patriotic 
indignation  against  the  tyranny  and  cruelty  which  hurried  them 
to  their  death,  with  admiration  and  affection  for  their  devotion 

1  His  military  spirit  was  inherited  by     Hastings' barn ;  the  Steward  paying  the 
one    of    his   great-grandsons,   James    P.     charges." 

Richardson,  Esq.,  who  organized  the  first  3  My  informant  was  the  late  Mr.  Royal 

volunteer  company  for  the  defence  of  the  Morse,  born  in   1779,  whose  memory  of 

country  in  the  late  War  of  the  Rebellion,  events  which  occurred  during  his  life  was 

as  will  be  mentioned  in  another  place.  remarkably  comprehensive  and  accurate, 

2  He  was  probably  the  person   named  and  whose   traditional   lore   was   almost 
in  a  vote  of  the  Selectmen,  Sept.  3,  1770,  equivalent  to  authentic  history. 

when  such  proceedings  were  customary  :  *  The  widow  of  Mr.  Hicks  died  in  De- 

"  Voted,  to  warn  out  of  the  town  William  cember,  1825,  aged  99  years;  many  per- 

Mercy,  a  man  of  very  poor  circumstances ;  sons  now  living  have  heard  the  story  from 

he  for  some  time  hath  lodged  in  Steward  her  own  lips. 


414  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

to  the  common  weal,  they  were  given  to  the  keeping  of  their 
mother  earth.  The  son  of  Moses  Richardson,  standing  by, 
thought  it  was  too  bad  that  the  earth  should  be  thrown  directly 
upon  their  faces,  and  getting  into  the  trench  he  spread  the  large 
cape  of  his  father's  coat  over  his  face."  l  In  1870  the  city 
erected  over  their  remains  a  neat  monument  of  Scotch  granite, 
with  this  inscription:  "Erected  by  the  City,  A.  D.  1870.  To 
the  memory  of  JOHN  HICKS,  WILLIAM  MARCY,  MOSES  RICH- 
ARDSON, buried  here.  JASON  RUSSELL,  JABEZ  WYMAN,  JASON 
WlNSHlP,  buried  in  Menotomy.  Men  of  Cambridge  who  fell  in 
defence  of  the  Liberty  of  the  People,  April  19,  1775.  "  O,  what 
a  glorious  morning  is  this  !  " 

Among  the  wounded,  on  that  memorable  day,  was  Capt.  Sam- 
uel Whittemore.  He  was  son  of  Samuel  Whittemore  of  Charles- 
town,  where  he  was  born  July  27,  1696,  but  early  removed  to 
Cambridge.  His  estate  bordered  on  Menotomy  River  and  his 
house  stood  on  the  northerly  side  of  the  Main  Street,  near  the 
magnificent  elms  which  are  still  preserved.  He  was  now  nearly 
seventy-nine  years  old,  but  yet  vigorous  in  body  and  mind.  In 
spite  of  the  expostulations  of  his  family,  he  repaired  to  the  post 
of  danger.  His  exploits  and  sufferings  have  often  been  related, 
—  possibly  with  some  embellishments  in  later  years.  He  died 
Feb.  2,  1793,  aged  96  years  and  six  months.2  His  obituary  was 
published  in  the  "  Columbian  Centinel  "  of  February  6,  which  I 
quote  rather  than  more  recent  publications  for  obvious  reasons. 
"  Died  at  Menotomy,  the  2d  instant,  Capt.  Samuel  Whittemore, 
JEt.  99.  The  manly  and  moral  virtues,  in  all  the  varied  rela- 
tions of  brother,  hoe  band,  father,  and  friend,  were  invariably 
exhibited  in  this  gentleman.  He  was  not  more  remarkable  for 
his  longevity  and  his  numerous  descendants  (his  progeny  being 
185,  one  of  which  is  the  fifth  generation),  than  for  his  patriotism. 
When  the  British  troops  marched  to  Lexington,  he  was  81  years 
of  age,  and  one  of  the  first  on  the  parade  ;  he  was  armed  with  a 
gun  and  horse-pistol.  After  an  animated  exhortation  to  the  col- 
lected militia  to  the  exercise  of  bravery,  and  courage,  he  ex- 
claimed, '  If  I  can  only  be  the  instrument  of  killing  one  of  my 
country's  foes,  I  shall  die  in  peace.'  The  prayer  of  this  venera- 
ble old  man  was  heard ;  for  on  the  return  of  the  troops,  he  lay 

1  Cambridye    Revolutionary    Memorial,  years,  as   is  manifest  from  the  record  of 
pp.  32,  33.  liis  birth.     At  the  date  of  the  conflict  he 

2  His  age  is  overstated  in  the  obituary,  was  not  81,  but  lacked  three  months  of  79 
as  99  years,  and  on  his  yrarestone  as  98  jears. 


MILITARY    HISTORY.  415 

behind  a  stone  wall,  and  discharging  his  gun  a  soldier  imme- 
diately fell  ;  he  then  discharged  his  pistol,  and  killed  another  ; 
at  which  instant  a  bullet  struck  his  i'ace,  and  shot  away  part  of 
his  cheek  bone  ;  on  which,  a  number  of  the  soldiers  ran  up  to 
the  wall,  and  gorged  their  malice  on  his  wounded  head.  They 
were  heard  to  exclaim,  '  We  have  killed  the  old  rebel.'  About 
four  hours  after,  he  was  found  in  a  mangled  situation  ;  his  head 
was  covered  with  blood  from  the  wounds  of  the  bayonets,  which 
were  six  or  eight  ;  but  providentially  none  penetrated  so  far  as 
to  destroy  him.  His  hat  and  clothes  were  shot  through  in  many 
places ;  yet  he  survived  to  see  the  complete  overthrow  of  his 
enemies,  and  his  country  enjoy  all  the  blessings  of  peace  and 
independence.  His  funeral  will  be  tomorrow,  at  4  o'clock  P.  M., 
from  his  house  at  Menotomy,  which  his  relations  and  friends  are 
requested  to  attend." 

Among  the  disasters  of  the  day,  it  should  be  mentioned  that 
Seth  Russell  and  Samuel  Frost  of  Menotomy  were  taken  prison- 
ers, and  remained  in  captivity  until  the  6th  of  June,  when  a 
general  exchange  was  effected. 

The  destruction  of  property  partly  appears  in  a  report  submit- 
ted to  the  Provincial  Congress,  by  a  committee  which  was  ap- 
pointed May  12,  1775  :  "  The  committee  appointed  to  estimate 
the  damages  done  at  Cambridge,  Lexington,  and  Concord,  by 
the  King's  troops,  on  the  nineteenth  of  April,  1775,  have  at- 
tended that  duty,  and  beg  leave  to  report :  That  the  destruction 
made  by  fire  and  robbery  on  said  day,  by  said  troops,  is  as  fol- 
lows, viz: 

"  The  damages  to  the  buildings  in  Cambridge,  estimated  ac- 
cording to  the  best  skill  and  judgment  of  your  committee,  after 
viewing  the  same  amount  to  £76  5.  6. 

"  The  value  of  the  goods  and  chattels  that  were  destroyed,  or 
taken  out  of  the  houses,  or  near  the  same,  by  the  estimation  of 
those  persons  who  left  the  same,  according  to  their  several  ac- 
counts, exhibited  on  oath,  and  annexed,  amounts  to  ,£1036.  6.  3. 

"  The  value  of  the  goods  and  chattels  that  were  destroyed,  or 
taken  out  of  the  said  houses,  or  near  the  same,  by  the  estimation 
of  those  persons  who  left  the  same,  by  their  several  accounts  ex- 
hibited, who  were  not  sworn,  by  reason  of  some  being  absent,  or 
some  other  inconvenience  that  attended  the  same,  amounts  to 
£12.  6.  10. 

"  The  damage  done  to  the  meeting-house  and  school-house  in 
the  northwest  precinct  in  said  Cambridge,  as  estimated  by  your 
committee,  amounts  to  £0.  13.  4. 


416  HISTORY    OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

"  The  vessels,  linen,  and  cash,  belonging  to  the  church  of 
said  precinct,  taken  out  of  the  house  of  Joseph  Adams,  deacon 
of  said  church,  as  by  his  account  exhibited  on  oath,  amount 
to  £16.  16.  8. 

"  The  whole  losses  suffered  in  Cambridge  amount  to  <£1202. 
8.  7."  ! 

In  the  morning,  at  Concord,  the  military  movements  seem  to 
have  been  directed  by  Col.  Barrett,  Lieut.-Col.  Robinson  and 
Maj.  Buttrick.  General  Heath  met  the  militia  at  Lexington  and 
assumed  the  command.  2  Having  pursued  the  British  until  they 
crossed  Charlestown  neck,  he  placed  suitable  guards  and  con- 
ducted his  troops  to  Cambridge,  where  they  "  were  ordered  to 
lie  on  their  arms."  In  the  afternoon  of  the  next  day  General 
Ward  arrived,  and,  being  the  senior  general  officer,  became  com- 
mander-in- chief.  From  this  time,  for  the  next  eleven  months, 
Cambridge  was  occupied  by  the  American  army,  of  which  the 
right  wing  was  immediately  extended  to  Roxbury,  and  the  left, 
to  Prospect  and  Winter  Hills.  General  Ward  established  his 
head-quarters  at  the  house  of  Jonathan  Hastings3  now  known  as 
the  Holmes  House,  in  Holmes  Place.  The  soldiers  were  quar- 
tered in  private  houses,  in  the  College  buildings,4  and  elsewhere, 
as  accommodations  could  be  found.  "  The  buildings  of  the  Col- 
lege were  taken  possession  of,  and  occupied  as  barracks,  by  the 
American  Army."  5  As  early  as  May  1,  1775,  the  Committee 
of  Safety  "  Voted,  That  the  quarter-master  general  be  directed 
to  clear  that  chamber  in  Stoughton  College,  occupied  by  S.  Par- 
sons Jr.,  for  a  printing  office  for  Messrs.  Halls."  6  And  on  the 

1  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,        "  Heath's  Memoirs,  p.  14. 
p.  685.     Whole  amount  ot'loss  in  Lexing-        8  Familiarly  called  Steward  Hastings. 
ton,  £1,761. 1.  5. ;  and  in  Concord,  £274.        *  In  the  Mass.  Arch.,  vol.  clviii.,  is  pre- 
16.   7.  served  a 

"Return  of  Col.  Ruggles  Woodbridge's  Regiment,  Cambridge,  June  14,  1775. 


Captains'  Namff. 

No.  of  Mtn. 

Flares  where  Stationed, 

Cipt.  Dickinson     

60 

Cant.  Cowden  

31 

Capt.  Dexter  

44 

54 

('apt.  Stephen  Pearl      .... 
Capt.  Wm.  Vleacham     .... 
Capt.  John  Cowls      

36  ;  7  on  the  road 
45 
35 

Cambridge. 
College. 

RICHARD  MONTAGUE,  Adj'.,  Col.  Woodbridge's  Reg*." 

5  Qnincy's   Hist.   Harvard   University,        6  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress, 
ii.  168.  p.  530. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  417 

fifteenth  of  June  the  Provincial  Congress  took  possession  of 
other  apartments :  "  Whereas,  it  is  expedient  that  those  apart- 
ments in  Harvard  Hall,  under  the  immediate  charge  of  the  pro- 
fessor of  philosophy  and  librarian  of  Harvard  College,  be  evacu- 
ated, Resolved,  that  the  library,  apparatus,  and  other  valuables 
of  Harvard  College  be  removed,  as  soon  as  may  be,  to  the  town 
of  Andover."  l  The  students  were  scattered ;  no  public  com- 
mencement was  had  that  year  ;  but  the  degrees  were  conferred 
by  a  general  diploma.  An  arrangement  was  made  to  give  in- 
struction at  Concord,  to  which  place  a  part  of  the  library  and 
apparatus  was  removed  in  November  from  Andover.  "  On  the 
24th  of  June  (1776),  the  students  were  again  assembled  within 
the  College  walls,  after  a  dispersion  of  fourteen  months."2 
The  Episcopal  Church  also  was  converted  into  barracks  for  the 
Connecticut  troops.3  It  had  previously  been  deserted  by  its 
owners,  most  of  whom  were  adherents  to  the  British  government. 
Private  houses  were  hired,  and  some  seized  for  public  use.  The 
Committee  of  Safety,  May  15,  1775,  «  Resolved,  That  Mr.  Bor- 
land's house  4  be  appropriated  for  the  use  of  the  Committee  of 
Safety  ;  and  the  quarter  master  general  is  directed  to  provide 
quarters  for  the  troops  now  lodged  at  said  house.  Voted,  That 
the  quarter  master  general  be  directed  to  remove  as  many  of  the 
three  companies  now  at  Mr.  Borland's,  to  the  house  of  Dr. 
Kneeland, 5  as  the  house  can  accommodate,  and  that  the  three 
companies  at  Mr.  Vassal's  house6  be  placed  at  Mr.  Foxcroft's 
house, 7  and  that  Mr.  Borland's  house  be  cleared  and  cleansed  as 
soon  as  possible." 8  On  the  same  day  it  was  "  Voted,  that  the 
clearing  Mr.  Borland's  and  Mr.  Vassal's  houses  be  suspended  till 
further  orders  ;  "  and  the  committee  probably  remained  at  Stew- 
ard Hastings'  house,  where  they  had  a  room  soon  after  the  con- 
flict at  Lexington.9 

Hospitals  were  established  in  many  private  houses.     It  was 

1  Journal  of  each  Provincial  Congress,         7  On   the  northerly  side  of  Kirkland 
p.  334.  Street,  near  Oxford  Street;  burned  Jan. 

2  Quincy's  Hist.,  ii.  164-169.  24,  1777. 

8  Froihingham's  Hist.  Siege  of  Boston,        8  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress, 

p.  132.  pp.  548,  549. 

*  Between  Harvard,  Plympton,  Mount  9  Ibid.,  p.  521.  The  Committee  re- 
Auburn,  and  Chestnut  streets;  now  solved,  April  24,  1775,  "that  General 
known  as  the  Plympton  house.  Ward  be  desired,  immediately,  to  direct 

6  At  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Mount  all  the  field  officers  of  the  Regiments  of 

Auburn   Street  and  Winthrop   Square  ;  Minute  Men  now  in  Cambridge,  to  attend 

demolished  not  long  ago.  the  Committee  of  Safety,  at  their  Cham- 

6  Afterwards    the   Washington   Head-  her  at  Mr.  Steward  Hastings'  house." 
quarters. 

27 


418  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

ordered,  April  22d,  "  that  a  sergeant  and  six  men  mount  daily  to 
guard  the  wounded  at  Mr.  Abraham  Watson's  house."  1  The 
Provincial  Congress,  June  20,  "  resolved  that  the  house  of  Mr. 
Hunt,  at  Cambridge,  be  hired  for  a  hospital,"  and  on  the  pre- 
vious day  the  Committee  of  Safety  "  resolved,  that  the  house  of 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Cook,  of  Menotomy,  be  improved,  as  a  hospital 
for  the  colony  army,"  2  and  as  many  other  houses  in  that  parish 
as  might  be  necessary.  In  addition  to  these,  the  General  Orders 
indicate  other  hospitals  :  it  was  ordered,  June  28,  "  that  Lieut.- 
col.  Bond  occupy  one  room  in  the  south-east  corner  of  Col.  Vas- 
sall's  house,  upon  the  second  floor,  for  the  sick  belonging  to  said 
regiment,  till  a  convenient  place  can  be  procured  elsewhere  for 
the  above  named  purpose."  July  26 :  "  It  being  represented 
that  the  present  hospital  is  not  large  enough  to  contain  the  sick, 
Lieut.-gov.  Oliver's  house  is  to  be  cleared  for  that  purpose,  and 
care  to  be  taken  that  no  injury  is  done  to  it."  August  21 :  "  a 
sergeant,  corporal,  and  nine  men  to  mount  guard  to-morrow  morn- 
ing at  Mr.  Fairweather's  house3  lately  converted  into  an  hospi- 
tal." 

On  the  17th  of  June,  1775,  occurred  the  sanguinary  Battle  of 
Bunker  Hill.  The  disasters  and  the  glory  of  that  day  have  been 
particularly  and  vividly  described  in  Frothingham's  "  History  of 
the  Siege  of  Boston."  I  shall  not  repeat  the  story.  But  1  must 
not  omit  the  fact  that  Cambridge  furnished  one  of  the  most  illus- 
trious victims  in  that  heroic  sacrifice.  With  the  exception  of 
General  Warren,  Colonel  Thomas  Gardner  held  a  higher  military 
rank  than  any  other  who  fell  on  that  day  ;  and  like  Warren,  he 
was  conspicuous  for  the  political  services  which  he  rendered  be- 
fore the  clash  of  arms.  He  was  a  selectman  of  the  town  from 
1769  until  his  death,  and  Representative  in  the  General  Court 
from  1769  until  that  Court  was  superseded  by  the  first  Provincial 
Congress,  of  which  and  also  of  the  second  Congress  he  was  one  of 
the  most  active,  members.  He  was  an  energetic  member  of  the 
Committee  of  Correspondence  elected  by  the  town  in  1772,  and 
by  the  House  of  Representatives  in  1773,  and  of  the  Committee 
of  Safety,  elected  by  Congress,  April  14,  1775.  He  was  commis- 
sioned as  an  Ensign  in  the  company  commanded  by  General 
Brattle  in  1765,  and  Captain  Lieutenant  in  1771.  When  Brat- 

1  General  Ward's  Orders.     Watson's     southwesterly  corner  of  Mount  Auburn 
house  was  on  North  Avenue,  near  Coggs-     and  Eliot  streets. 

well  Avenue.  8  on  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Brattle 

2  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,    and  Fayerweather  streets, 
pp.  360,  571.     Hunt's  house  was  at  the 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  419 

tie  fled  to  Boston,  he  became  the  commander  of  the  company, 
with  Samuel  Thatcher1  for  Lieutenant,  and  John  Gardner2  as 
Ensign.  The  Provincial  Congress,  Oct.  26, 1774,  "recommended 
to  the  several  companies  of  militia  in  this  province,  who  have  not 
already  chosen  and  appointed  officers,  that  they  meet  forthwith 
and  elect  officers  to  command  their  respective  companies ;  and 
that  the  officers  so  chosen  assemble  as  soon  as  may  be  ....  and 
proceed  to  elect  field  officers  to  command  the  respective  regi- 
ments."3 In  accordance  with  this  recommendation.  Captain 
Gardner  having  been  reflected  or  retained  in  office,  was  elected 
Colonel,  Nov.  29,  1774,  "  at  a  meeting  of  the  officers  of  the  sev- 
eral companies  of  militia  in  the  first  Regiment  in  the  County  of 
Middlesex."4  Soon  after  the  Battle  of  Lexington,  in  which  he 
was  actively  engaged,5  he  enlisted  a  Regiment  for  the  Continen- 
tal Army,  of  which  he  was  commissioned  as  Colonel,  June  2, 
1775.6  A  fortnight  later,  he  secured  immortal  fame.  He  led 
his  regiment  to  Bunker  Hill,  "and  was  just  descending  into  the 
engagement,  when  a  musket  ball  entered  his  groin,  which  proved 
mortal.  He  gave  his  last  solemn  injunction  to  his  men,  to  con- 
quer or  die ;  and  a  detachment  were  just  carrying  him  off  the 
ground  when  he  was  met  by  his  son,  2d  Lieut,  of  Capt.  Trevett, 
inarching  on,  a  mere  youth  of  nineteen,  and  the  interview  which 
ensued  between  them  was  melancholy  and  heart-rending,  though 
at  the  same  time  heroic.  The  affectionate  son  in  agony  at  the 
desperate  situation  of  his  father  was  anxiously  desirous  to  assist 
him  off  the  field,  but  was  prohibited  from  doing  this  by  his  father, 
who,  notwithstanding  he  was  conscious  that  his  wound  was  mor- 
tal, yet  encouraged  his  son  to  disregard  it,  reminding  him  that  he 
was  engaged  in  a  glorious  cause,  and,  whatever  were  the  conse- 
quences, must  march  on  and  do  his  duty." 7  Colonel  Gardner,  u  a 
few  days  after  the  battle,  being  asked  if  he  was  well  enough  to 
see  his  son,  '  Yes,'  answered  the  hero,  '  if  he  has  done  his  duty ! ' 
He  had  the  satisfaction  to  see  him  and  learn  that  he  bravely  dis- 
tinguished himself."8  He  suffered  more  than  a  fortnight,  but 

1  Lieut.   Thatcher  succeeded  Gardner  5  The  Council  Records,  March  14, 1776, 
as  Captain,  and  as  Colonel,  of  the  militia,  show  that  a  warrant  was  drawn  to  pay 

2  Ensign  Gardner  was  afterwards  Major.  "Col.   Thomas   Gardner's  Field   Alarm 

3  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,  lioll,  on  the  19th  of  April  last." 

p.  33.  6  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress, 

*  Boston  Gazette,  Dec.  5,  1774.     The  p.  292.    The  other  field  officers  were  Wil- 

other  field  officers  were  Capt.   William  Ham   Bond    of    Watcrtown,    Lieut.-col., 

Bond,  Lieut. -col. ;  Capt.  William  Conant,  and  Michael  Jackson,  of  Newton,  Major. 

2d  Lieut. -col.  ;     Capt.    Abijah     Brown,  1  Swell's  Bunker  Hill  Battle,  pp.  40-42. 

Major ;  Capt.  Benjamin   Hammond,    2d  8  Ibid.,  p.  55. 
Major. 


420  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

was  mercifully  released  by  death  on  the  3d  of  July.  An  obituary 
notice,  eulogistic,  but  well  merited,  was  published  in  the  "  New 
England  Chronicle,"  July  13th:  "On  Monday  the  3d  instant, 
died  of  the  wounds  received  in  the  late  engagement,  Thomas 
Gardner,  Esq.,  Colonel  of  a  Regiment  in  the  American  Army, 
in  the  52d  year  of  his  age ;  and  on  the  Wednesday  following  was 
interred  with  martial  honors1  and  every  testimony  of  respect 
from  his  relatives  and  friends.  From  the  era  of  our  public  diffi- 
culties he  distinguished  himself  as  an  ardent  friend  to  the  expir- 
ing liberties  of  America,  and  by  the  unanimous  suffrages  of  his 
townsmen  was  for  some  years  elected  a  member  of  the  General 
Assembly ;  but  when  the  daring  encroachment  of  intruding  des- 
potism deprived  us  of  a  constitutional  convention,  and  the  first 
law  of  nature  demanded  a  substitute,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the 
Provincial  Congress ;  in  which  departments  he  was  vigilant  and 
indefatigable  in  defeating  every  effort  of  tyranny.  To  promote 
the  interest  of  his  country  was  the  delight  of  his  soul.  An  in- 
flexible zeal  for  freedom  caused  him  to  behold  every  engine  of 
oppression  with  contempt,  horror,  and  aversion.  His  abilities  in 
a  military  capacity  were  equally  conspicuous.  That  he  might 
cultivate  a  spirit  of  emulation  for  that  now  necessary  and  useful 
science,  he  devoted  not  only  a  great  part  of  his  time,  but  even  of 
his  own  patrimony,  and  ever  exhibited  an  example  of  courage 
and  magnanimity.  In  the  humid  vale  of  private  life  he  was 
agreeable  and  entertaining.  Justice  and  integrity  were  the  first 
movements  of  his  actions :  To  his  family,  kind,  tender,  and  in- 
dulgent :  To  his  friends,  unreserved  and  sincere :  To  the  whole 
circle  of  his  acquaintance,  affable,  condescending,  and  obliging  : 
while  veneration  for  religion  augmented  the  splendor  of  his  sister 
virtues.  As  he  ever  maintained  and  avowed  the  highest  senti- 
ments of  patriotism,  so  his  conduct  entirely  cohered,  and,  actuated 
by  this  divine  principle,  entered  the  field  of  battle.  And  although 
he  returned  uncrowned  with  victorious  bays,  and  his  temples  un- 
adorned with  laurel  wreaths,  yet  doubtless  he  will  be  crowned 
with  unfading  honors  in  the  unclouded  regions  of  eternal  day." 
Colonel  Gardner's  residence  was  near  Union  Square,  in  the  south- 

1  General  Washington's  Orders,  July  company   at  Maiden,  to  attend  on  this 

4,  1775  :  "  Colonel  Gardner  is  to  be  buried  .  mournful  occasion.     The  places  of  these 

to-morrow,  at  three  o'clock,  p.  M.,  with  companies,  on  the  lines,  on  Prospect  Hill, 

the  military  honors  due  to  so  brave  and  to  be  supplied  by  Colonel  Glover's  regi- 

gallant  an  officer,  who  fought,  bled,  and  ment,  till  the  funeral  is  over."     A  sad 

died,   in   the  cause  of  his  country  and  order,  to  be  issued  on  the  next  day  after 

mankind.     His  own  regiment,  except  the  assuming  command  of  the  army. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  421 

erly  parish  of   Cambridge,  which  afterwards  was   the  town   of 
Brighton. 

On  the  day  of  Colonel  Gardner's  death,  July  3d,  General 
Washington  assumed  the  command  of  the  American  Army,  hav- 
ing arrived  in  Cambridge  on  the  preceding  day.  Quarters  were 
at  first  assigned  to  him  in  the  President's  house,  erected  in  1726, 
and  still  standing  on  Harvard  Street,  between  Dane  and  Boylston 
Halls.  The  Provincial  Congress,  June  26,  "  resolved,  that  the 
President's  house  in  Cambridge,  excepting  one  room  reserved  by 
the  President  for  his  own  use,  be  taken,  cleared,  prepared,  and 
furnished,  for  the  reception  of  General  Washington  and  General 
Lee."  V  This  arrangement  was  not  wholly  satisfactory.  He  had 
occupied  the  house  only  four  days,  when  Congress  ordered,  July 
6,  "  that  the  Committee  of  Safety  be  a  committee  to  desire  Gen- 
eral Washington  to  let  them  know  if  there  is  any  house  at  Cam- 
bridge, that  would  be  more  agreeable  to  him  and  General  Lee 
than  that  in  which  they  now  are;  and  in  that  case,  the  said 
committee  are  directed  to  procure  such  house,  and  put  it  in 
proper  order  for  their  reception."  2  Accordingly  the  Committee 
directed,  July  8th,  "  that  the  house  of  Mr.  John  Vassall,  ordered 
by  Congress  for  the  residence  of  his  excellency  General  Wash- 
ington, should  be  immediately  put  in  such  a  condition  as  may 
make  it  convenient  for  that  purpose."  3  Precisely  how  soon  the 
new  quarters  were  occupied  does  not  appear ;  but  Thacher  rep- 
resents that  before  July  20  the  General  was  residing  in  "  a  con- 
venient house,  about  half  a  mile  from  Harvard  College,"4  a 
description  which  indicates  the  Vassall  house ;  and  these  quarters 
were  retained  until  he  left  Cambridge,  April  4,  1776.  Quarter- 
master-general Mifflin's  head-quarters  were  at  the  Brattle 
House. 

"  Immediately  after  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  the  Americans 
began  to  erect  works  on  Prospect  Hill,  a  very  commanding 
height  above  Charlestown  Common,  and  at  several  other  places 
Several  works  were  also  constructed  at  Roxbury,  and  the  British 
confined  to  Boston  and  Charlestown  within  the  neck."  5  These 
works  were  extended,  after  the  arrival  of  Washington,  from  Dor- 
chester on  the  south,  through  Cambridge,  to  Mystic  River  on  the 
north.  In  Cambridge  a  line  of  fortifications  was  constructed 
along  the  summit  of  Dana  Hill,  then  called  Butler's  Hill,6  to- 

1  Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,        *  Thacher's  Military  Journal,  p.  32. 
p.  398.  5  Heath's  Memoirs,  p.  22. 

2  Ibid.,  p.  460.  6  Probably  so  called  because,  in  the  first 
8  Ibid.,  p.  593.                                             division  of  lands  in  Cambridge,  lots  on 


422  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

gether  with  several  detached  forts  and  redoubts,  delineated  on  the 
map  accompanying  "  Marshall's  Life  of  Washington."  The  for- 
tress there  designated  as  "  Fort  No.  3  "  was  a  very  little  outside 
of  Cambridge  bounds,  not  far  from  Union  Square  in  Somerville. 
This  served  as  a  connecting  link  between  the  works  on  Prospect 
Hill,  and  the  Cambridge  lines  which  extended  northwardly  from 
the  point  where  Broadway  crosses  the  top  of  Dana  Hill,  and  of 
which  some  vestiges  still  remain.  "  Fort  No.  2  "  was  on  the 
easterly  side  of  Putnam  Avenue,  at  its  intersection  with  Franklin 
Street.  It  was  in  good  condition  a  few  years  ago ;  but  since 
Franklin  Street  was  extended  directly  through  it,  a  large  propor- 
tion of  the  embankment  has  been  removed,  and  the  remainder  is 
rapidly  disappearing.  This  fort  effectually  commanded  the  river 
as  far  down  as  Riverside,  where  "Fort  No.  1"  probably  stood, 
though  no  vestige  of  it  remains.  Both  the  map  and  the  obvious 
fact  that  it  commands  the  river  down  to  Captain's  Island,  un- 
mistakably indicate  this  as  the  locality  of  the  Fort.  At  Cap- 
tain's Island  was  a  "  3  gun  battery,"  commanding  the  River 
down  to  its  next  angle ;  this  also  has  disappeared,  its  embank- 
ments very  probably  having  been  levelled  when  the  Powder 
Magazine  was  constructed.  At  the  next  angle  of  the  river,  on 
the  easterly  side  of  Pine  Grove,  anciently  called  the  Oyster 
Banks,  there  was  another  "  3  gun  battery,"  which  commanded 
the  river  down  to  Lechmere's  Point.  This  fortress  was  care- 
fully preserved  by  the  Dana  family,  for  many  years,  until  by  an 
arrangement  with  the  owners,  and  at  the  joint  expense  of  the 
City  and  the  Commonwealth,  it  was  restored  in  1858  as  nearly  as 
possible  to  its  original  state,  and  enclosed  by  a  substantial  iron 
fence.  The  United  States  contributed  three  cannon,  which  were 
duly  mounted.  Let  no  unpatriotic  hand  destroy  this  revolution- 
ary relic,  now  known  as  Fort  Washington.  A  still  more  formi- 
dable fortress,  at  Lechmere's  Point,  called  Fort  Putnam,  will  be 
mentioned  in  another  place. 

Immediately  after  the  arrival  of  General  Washington,  the 
army  was  more  fully  organized.  The  right  wing,  at  Roxbury, 
under  the  command  of  Major-general  Ward,  consisted  of  two 
brigades,  commanded  by  Brigadier-generals  Thomas  and  Spen- 
cer. The  left  wing,  commanded  by  Major-general  Lee,  con- 
sisted of  two  brigades,  under  Brigadier-generals  Sullivan  and 
Greene.  The  centre,  at  Cambridge,  commanded  by  Major-gen- 

the  northerly  side  of  Main  Street,  extend-     Hancock  Street,  were  assigned  to  Richard 
ing  from  Dana  Street  somewhat  beyond    Butler  and  William  Butler. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  423 

eral  Putnam,  consisted  of  two  brigades  ;  one  under  the  com- 
mand of  Brigadier-general  Heath,  embraced  the  regiments  of 
General  Heath,  and  Colonels  Patterson,  Scammon,  Phinney, 
Gerrish,  and  Prescott ;  the  other,  under  the  immediate  command 
of  General  Putnam,  comprehended  the  regiments  of  Colonels 
Glover,  Frye,  Bridge,  Woodbridge,  and  Sargeant.1  According 
to  a  "  List  of  Colonels  of  the  several  Regiments  raised  by  the 
Colony  of  Massachusetts,"  dated  Oct.  18,  1775,  it  appears  that 
the  regiments  composing  the  centre  (except  that  of  Colonel  Ger- 
rish which  seems  to  have  been  detached  for  service  elsewhere), 
were  stationed  as  follows :  — 

General  Heath's  Regiment  at  Number  Two. 

Colonel  Patterson's  Regiment  at  Number  Three. 

Colonel  Scammon's  Regiment  at  Number  One. 

Colonel  Phinney's  Regiment  at  North  of  Number  Two. 

Colonel  Prescott's  Regiment  at  Cambridge. 

Colonel  Glover's  Regiment  at  Cambridge. 

Colonel  Frye's  Regiment  at  Cambridge. 

Colonel  Bridge's  Regiment  at  Cambridge. 

Colonel  Woodbridge's  Regiment  at  West  side  of  Prospect  Hill 
on  the  road  leading  from  Charlestown  Road  to  Menotomy. 

Colonel  Sargeant's  Regiment  at  Inman's  Farm.2 

Frothingham  says  that  during  the  next  winter  the  troops  were 
accommodated  in  barracks  thus :  "  At  Prospect  Hill,  3,464 ;  at 
different  places,  —  Number  One,  Inman's  House,  &c.,  3,460  ;  at 
Roxbury,  3,795  ;  at  Dorchester,  814 ;  at  Sewall's  Point,  400  ; 
at  Cambridge  Barracks,  640 ;  at  Winter  Hill,  3,380 ;  in  the  Col- 
lege, 640  ;  in  the  New  College,  640  ;  in  the.  Old  College,  240  ; 
North  Chapel,  160  ;  total,  17,633  ;  exclusive  of  private  houses  in 
Cambridge."  3 

After  the  19th  of  April,  1775,  not  many  important  military 
events  occurred  within  the  borders  of  this  town,  while  it  was  oc- 
cupied by  the  army.  A  few  are  mentioned  by  Gen.  Heath,  who 
was  an  eye-witness  :  "  Nov.  9th.  At  the  top  of  high  water,  the 
tide  being  very  full,  some  British  Light  Infantry,  in  boats,  came 
over  from  Boston,  and  landed  on  Lechmere's  Point.  The  centi- 
nels  on  the  point  came  off ;  the  alarm  was  given ;  and  several 
hundred  Americans  forded  over  the  causeway,4  in  the  face  of  the 

1  Frothingham's  Siege   of  Boston,  pp.  4  The  New  England  Chronicle,  Nov.  16, 
219,  220.  says:  "The  tide  was  very  full,  and  our 

2  Mass.  Arch.,  cxlvi.  340.    It  is  said  men  were  retarded  in  getting  to  the  point 
that  Gen.  Putnam's  head-quarters  were  in  by  being  obliged  to  pass  a  ford  near  breast 
the  Inman  house.  high."     This  ford  or  causeway  was  prob- 

8  Siege  of  Boston,  p.  291.  ably  the  same  which  the  British  troops 


424  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

British,  the  water  at  least  two  feet  deep.  The  British,  seeing 
the  spirit  of  the  Americans,  although  they  were  very  advantage- 
ously posted,  made  a  precipitate  retreat  to  their  boats.  Three 
or  four  Americans  were  wounded,  one  mortally.  The  British 
ship  and  floating-batteries  kept  up  a  brisk  fire,  but  to  little  pur- 
pose.1 Dec.  12.  "  A  causeway  was  begun  over  the  marsh  to 
Lechmere's  Point."  2  For  the  next  few  days  the  "  approaches 
were  carried  on  briskly,  nearly  to  the  top  of  the  hill."  On  the 
17th,  "  the  morning  was  foggy.  A  detachment  of  300  men, 
under  the  direction  of  Gen.  Putnam,  broke  ground  on  the  top  of 
the  hill,  on  Lechmere's  Point,  at  a  distance  of  not  more  than 
half  a  mile  from  the  ship.  Between  twelve  and  one  o'clock,  the 
fog  cleared  away,  and  the  ship  began  to  cannonade  the  Ameri- 
cans with  round  and  grape  shot,  and  some  shells  were  thrown 
from  West-Boston.  One  soldier  was  wounded,  and  the  party 
driven  from  the  works."  On  the  next  day,  Gen.  Heath  "  with 
300  men  "  renewed  the  work,  and  although  severely  cannonaded, 
held  his  ground  without  loss.  The  fortification  was  completed 
within  a  few  days,  during  which  the  "  cannonade  continued,  but 
to  no  effect."  3  This  fortress  rendered  important  service  in  the 
final  attack,  which  resulted  in  the  evacuation  of  Boston  by  the 
British  army.  Feb.  25,  1776,  "  some  heavy  cannon  were 
mounted  on  the  works  at  Lechmere's  Point."  March  2d,  "  at 
night  a  cannonade  and  bombardment  began  at  the  American 
works  on  Cobble  Hill  and  Lechmere's  Point  on  the  Cambridge 
side,  and  at  Lamb's  Dam  on  the  Roxbury  side,  against  the  Brit- 
ish works ;  and  a  number  of  shells  were  thrown  into  Boston." 
March  4th.  "  There  was  an  almost  incessant  roar  of  cannon  and 
mortars  during  the  night,  on  both  sides.  The  Americans  took 
possession  of  Dorchester  heights,  and  nearly  completed  their 
works  on  both  hills  by  morning.  March  9th,  "  there  was,  dur- 
ing the  evening  and  night,  a  continual  roar  of  cannon  and  mor- 
tars, from  the  Castle  and  lines  on  Boston  neck,  south  end  of  that 
town,  as  well  as  from  the  Americans  at  Roxbury,  Cobble  Hill, 
and  Lechmere's  Point  at  Cambridge."  The  position  of  Gen. 
Howe  had  now  become  utterly  untenable,  and  on  the  17th  of 

crossed,  on  their  way  to  Lexington,  when  ing  the  fortification  on  Lechmere's  Point 

there  was  only  a  half  tide.  with  "  Fort  No.  3,"  and  crossing  Miller's 

1  Memoirs,  p.  30.  River  at  or  near  the  spot  where  the  Gore 

2  Whether  a  new  causeway  was  con-  (or  Medford)    Street  Bridge  was   after- 
structed,  or  the  old  one  repaired  does  not  wards  built. 

distinctly  appear.     But,  old  or  new,  it  is        8  Memoirs,  pp.  32-34. 
delineated  on  Marshal's  Map  as  connect- 


MILITARY   HISTORY.  425 

March,  "  in  the  morning,  the  British  evacuated  Boston ;  their 
rear  guard  with  some  marks  of  precipitancy."  "  The  troops  on 
the  Roxbury  side  moved  over  the  neck  and  took  possession  of 
Boston,  as  did  others  from  Cambridge  in  boats.  On  the  Ameri- 
cans entering  the  town,  the  inhabitants  discovered  joy  inex- 
pressible." 1 

I  find  on  the  Town  Records  only  three  references  to  the  presence 
of  a  large  army.  The  town  protested,  May  29,  1775,  against 
permitting  army  contractors  to  become  rich  at  the  public  expense. 
In  the  instructions  given  to  their  delegates  in  the  Provincial 
Congress,  they  say,  "  As  we  are  informed  the  honorable  Com- 
mittee of  supplies  have  agreed  with  a  number  of  persons  to  sup- 
ply the  Provincial  Army  with  fresh  provisions  at  a  stated  price, 
which  has  caused  great  uneasiness  amongst  the  inhabitants  of 
this  Province  in  general,  and  this  town  in  particular,  we  do  in- 
struct you  to  use  your  influence  that  they  be  paid  a  reasonable 
consideration  for  their  services,  and  no  more."  On  the  llth  of 
March,  1776,  "  John  Foxcroft  and  John  Wyeth,  Esqs.  and 
Deacon  Aaron  Hill  were  chosen  as  a  committee  to  present  a  peti- 
tion to  his  Excellency  General  Washington,  to  know  what  part 
of  our  lands  he  will  want  for  the  use  of  the  Army  for  the  pres- 
ent year.  The  committee  made  no  report  to  the  town  of  their 
proceedings."  Perhaps  the  committee  did  not  consult  General 
Washington,  and  had  nothing  to  report ;  within  a  week  after 
their  appointment,  Boston  was  evacuated  by  the  British,  and  the 
American  army  left  Cambridge  very  soon  afterwards.  After 
their  departure,  the  town  appointed  a  committee,  May  13,  1776, 
"  to  estimate  the  losses  sustained  by  means  of  or  in  consequence 
of  the  British  troops,  and  report  to  Col.  Palmer  and  others,  a 
committee  appointed  by  the  Great  and  General  Court  of  the 
Colony  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  to  receive  the  same,  —  keeping 
separate  accounts  of  the  damages  sustained  by  posting  the  Amer- 
ican Army  in  this  town." 

The  Records  of  the  Selectmen  afford  some  glimpses  of  the 
difficulty  with  which  arms  and  ammunition  were  procured  at  the 
commencement  of  the  War,  and  of  the  ruinous  depreciation  of 
the  currency  at  a  later  period.  I  select  a  few  items.  An  order 
was  drawn,  March  13,  1775,  to  pay  Col.  Thomas  Gardner  "  for 
four  half  barrels  of  powder,  X20.  13.  4."  To  arm  the  soldiers, 
it  was  necessary  to  obtain  muskets  from  private  individuals.  The 
1  Heath's  Memoirs,  pp.  39-43. 


426  HISTORY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

Selectmen,  May  30,  1775,  acknowledge  that  they  have  received 
guns,  etc.,  valued  as  follows :  — 

Of  John  Caldwell,  gun,  £.  1.    0.  0 

Of  Ebenezer  Bradish,  gun  and  bayonet,  1.  10.  0 

Of  Capt.  Thatcher,  gun,  1.    4.  0 

Of  Capt.  Edward  Marrett,  gun,  1.    4.  0 

Of  Capt.  Stedman,  gun,  1.    7.0 

Of  Capt.  Stedman,  gun,  0.  19.  6 

Of  Capt.  Stedman,  gun,  1.    0.  0 

and  on  the  llth  of  June,  — 

Of  Wyman,  gun  and  bayonet,  2.    8.  0 

Of  Mr.  Sparhawk,  gun  and  bayonet,  1.  10.  0 

Of  Mr.  Sparhawk,  gun  and  bayonet,  1.  10.  0 

Of  Mr.  Sparhawk,  his  own  gun,  2.    8.  0 

"  Cambridge,  Feb.  2,  1776.  We  the  subscribers  received  of 
the  Selectmen  one  gun  each,  valued  at  the  price  set  against  our 
names  subscribed  ;  which  gun  we  respectively  promise  to  return 
or  allow  the  price  set  against  each  name.  Samuel  Champney, 
XI.  7.  0  ;  William  Fuller,  £1.  4.  0 ;  Abijah  Brown,  XI.  0.  0  ; 
Jonathan  Deland,  XO.  18.  0  ;  March  4:  John  Lock,  X2.  14.  0." 
December  16,  1776,  "  Voted,  to  desire  the  Selectmen  of  Water- 
town  to  find  a  Drum  and  deliver  the  same  to  Mr.  Eayers,  our 
drummer,  for  Capt.  Blaney's  Company  now  going  to  New  York  ; 
and  in  case  there  should  happen  any  damage  to  said  Drum,  we 
will  be  at  charges  with  them  to  make  it  good."  August  4, 
1777,  "N.  B.  There  being  X6.  8.  0  money  left  of  powder,  voted 
to  deliver  the  same  to  Capt.  Locke,  Deacon  Hill,  and  Mr.  Jack- 
son, to  procure  balls  and  flints.  Memorandum  :  The  powder  last 
bought  by  Deacon  Hill  and  Mr.  Wyeth  (at  Watertown)  came  to 
X37.  10.  0."  July  26,  1780.  Voted  to  "  meet  at  5  o'clock 
next  Friday  to  procure  the  horses."  July  28,  "  Mr.  Brown  offers 
his  bay  horse  for  XI, 000 ;  the  sorrel  horse,  X900 ;  Capt.  Jesse 
Putnam  for  his,  X900  ;  Mr.  Locke,  for  money  down,  XI, 000  ; 
Mr.  Lemuel  Blanchard,  for  a  large  one,  X  1,200,  or  X  2,400  for 
two,  that  and  another  ;  Thad.  Wyman,  X  1,000  ;  another  horse 
of  Locke's  Xl,000."  The  sad  state  of  the  currency  appears  also 
from  sundry  votes  of  the  town  :  June  20,  1780,  to  assess 
X  15,000  for  the  purpose  of  hiring  soldiers  ;  June  22,  the  same 
sum,  and  June  29,  X  50,000,  for  the  same  purpose  ;  Dec.  18, 1780, 
to  assess  X60,000  for  the  purchase  of  35,255  Ibs.  of  beef  for  the 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  427 

use  of  the  arn>y,  —  being  at  the  rate  of  very  nearly  six  dollars 
per  pound. 

On  the  17th  of  October,  1777,  Gen.  Burgoyne  surrendered  his 
army  as  prisoners  of  war.  They  were  ordered  to  Cambridge, 
where  they  arrived  in  the  following  month,  and  were  placed 
under  the  charge  of  Gen.  Heath,  the  commander  of  this  military 
district.  "  As  soon  as  he  was  notified  that  these  troops  were 
coming  under  his  direction,  he  set  himself  in  earnest  to  prepare 
for  their  reception.  The  barracks  at  Prospect  and  Winter  Hills 
were  directed  to  be  put  instantly  in  order.  The  Council  was 
applied  to,  to  aid  in  the  procurement  of  quarters  from  the 
citizens  for  the  officers  ;  nor  was  this  an  easy  task.  The  families 
of  the  citizens  generally  wanting  the  room  in  their  respective 
houses  rendered  it  difficult  to  obtain  so  many  quarters  as  were 
necessary  for  so  great  a  number,  and  extended  the  limits  of  the 
parole  very  considerably." 1  Gen.  Burgoyne  had  quarters  as- 
signed to  him  in  the  Borland  House,  Gen.  Riedesel  in  the  Lech- 
mere  (or  Sewall)  House,  and  others  elsewhere.  The  soldiers 
occupied  barracks  on  Prospect  and  Winter  Hills. 

"Between  11  and  12  o'clock"  on  the  5th  of  April,  1778, 
"  General  Burgoyne  left  Cambridge  for  Rhode  Island  ;  "  and  on 
the  15th  "  a  division  of  the  Convention  troops  marched  for  Rut- 
land, under  escort  of  a  detachment  of  militia,  commanded  by 
Major  Read."2  The  remainder  of  "the  Convention  troops 
marched  for  Virginia,"  on  the  10th  and  llth  of  November,  1778,3 
after  having  been  prisoners  of  war  somewhat  more  than  a  year. 
During  their  continuance  in  and  around  Cambridge,  vexatious 
collisions  were  of  frequent  occurrence ;  and  two,  of  a  more  serious 
character,  produced  painful  excitement.  In  January,  1778,  "  Col. 
Henley,  who  had  the  immediate  command  at  Cambridge,"  being 
treated  insolently  by  a  British  soldier,  "  pricked  him  with  a  sword 
or  bayonet.  Gen.  Burgoyne  immediately  presented  a  complaint 
against  Col.  Henley,  charging  him  with  barbarous  and  wanton 
conduct  and  intentional  murder." 4  A  spicy  correspondence 
ensued  between  Generals  Burgoyne  and  Heath.  The  case  was 
duly  examined  by  a  court  martial,  and  Col.  Henley  was  acquit- 
ted.5 June  17,  1778.  "  A  British  officer  was  shot  by  an  Amer- 
ican sentinel  on  Prospect  Hill,  the  officer  attempting  to  pass  con- 
trary to  the  standing  orders."  A  jury  of  inquest,  consisting  of 

1  Heath's  Memoirs,  p.  134.  *  Ibid.,  pp.  149,  150. 

2  Ibid.,  pp.  161,  162.  6  Ibid.,  p.  155. 
8  Ibid.,  p.  198. 


428  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

"  William  Howe,  Benjamin  Locke,  John  Brown,  Ebenezer  Sted- 
man,  Samuel  Manning,  Nathaniel  Austin,  Joseph  Read,  jr., 
James  Hill,  Thomas  Barrett,  Benjamin  Baker,  Aaron  Hill, 
Isaac  Bradish,  James  Munroe,  Joseph  Johnson,  good  and  lawful 
men  of  Cambridge,"  rendered  their  verdict  on  the  18th  of  June, 
"  that  the  said  Richard  Brown  was  shot  with  a  fire  arm  by  the 
centinel  in  Charlestown,  near  Prospect  Hill,  between  the  hours 
of  five  and  six,  P.M.,  on  the  17th  day  of  June,  A.  D.  1778,  in 
attempting  to  pass  the  centinel  with  two  women,  after  being 
properly  challenged  by  said  centinel,  and  so  came  to  death."  1 

By  the  official  census,  it  appears  that  the  population  of  Cam- 
bridge was  1,586  in  1776,  and  2,115  in  1790  ;  a  very  large  pro- 
portion of  which  number  served  in  the  Revolutionary  Army. 
My  list  is  doubtless  imperfect ;  yet  it  contains  more  than  four 
hundred  and  fifty  names.  Among  the  officers  were  Colonels 
Ebenezer  Bridge,  Thomas  Gardner,  Samuel  Thatcher  ;  Captains, 
Benjamin  Locke,  John  Walton ;  Lieutenants,  Solomon  Bowman, 
Samuel  Butterfield,  William  Colson,  Stephen  Frost,  Samuel 
Locke,  Josiah  Moore,  Josiah  Warren,  Jotham  Walton,  John  Wy- 
man ;  Sergeants,  Joseph  Bates,  Joseph  Belknap,  Nathaniel  Be- 
mis,  Oliver  Brown,  John  Burns,  John  Cutter,  Josiah  Dana, 
James  Fillebrown,  Thomas  Fillebrown,  Belcher  Hancock,  Wil- 
liam Harrington,  Moses  Hovey,  James  Kettle,  Isaac  Learned, 
Joseph  Trask,  Isaac  Tufts,  Elkanah  Welch,  Jeduthun  Welling- 
ton ;  Corporals,  Michael  Applebee,  Ebenezer  Brown,  Stephen 
Cook,  Moses  Coolidge,  John  Cooper,  Thomas  Cutter,  James 
Fowle,  Joshua  Gamage,  John  Hackleton,  Nathaniel  Learned, 
James  Locke,  James  Perry,  Solomon  Phipps,  Seth  Stone,  John 
Tidd,  James  Tufts,  John  Warland,  Thomas  Warland.  Abraham 
Watson,  Jr.,  was  Surgeon  of  Col.  Gardner's  Regiment,  and  James 
Winthrop  was  aid-de-camp  to  Gen.  Prescott.  Besides  the  pri- 
vate soldiers  whose  names  appear  on  the  before  mentioned  rolls 
of  the  two  companies  commanded  by  Capt.  Samuel  Thatcher  and 
Capt.  Benjamin  Locke,  those  who  are  named  in  the  list  below 
appear  to  have  been  a  portion  of  the  Cambridge  quota  :  — 

John  Abbott.  Nathaniel  Austin.  Jonathan  Barrett. 

John  Acres.  Benjamin  Badger.  George  Barrington. 

Daniel  Adams.  William  Barber.  Thomas  Beals. 

John  Adams.  Caleb  Barrett.  Thomas  Bemford. 

Thomas  Adams.  Daniel  Barrett.  Luke  Bemis. 

George  Allen.  John  Barrett.  Francis  Bennett. 

1  Heath's  Memoirs,  p.  175. 


MILITARY  HISTORY. 


429 


Joseph  Biglow. 

Nathan  Blodgett. 

Henry  Bond. 

Amos  Bordman. 

Moses  Bordman. 

Richard  Bordman. 

William  Bordman. 

Zechariah  Bostwick. 

Andrew  Bradshaw. 

Christopher  Brandon. 

Robert  Bray. 

Jonathan  Bright. 

Joseph  Bright. 

Abijah  Brooks. 

Abijah  Brown. 

James  Brown. 

Jonathan  Brown. 

William  Brown. 

AJexander  Buckingham. 

John  Bucknam. 

John  Bull. 

Stephen  Butterfield. 

John  Capell. 

Daniel  Carmichael. 

Thaddeus  Carter. 
John  Cassell. 
Isaac  Champney. 
Nathaniel  Champney. 

Samuel  Champney. 
Thomas  Champney. 
Joseph  Child. 
Moses  Child. 
Norman  Clark. 
James  Connor. 
Benjamin  Cook. 
Caleb  Cook. 
Ephraim  Cook. 
James  Cook. 
Joshua  Cook. 
Thomas  Cook. 
Caleb  Coolidge. 
Joseph  Coolidge. 
Joshua  Coolidge. 
Nathaniel  Coolidge. 
Simon  Coolidge. 
Thomas  Coolidge. 
Thomas  Cooper. 
Richard  Crease. 
Jazaniah  Crosby. 
John  Crosby. 


William  Crosby. 

Ishmael  Cutler. 

Prince  Cutler. 

Ammi  Cutter,  Jr. 

James  Cutter. 

Richard  Cutter. 

Samuel  Cutter. 

William  Cutter,  Jr. 

Silent  Cutting. 

Benjamin  Dana. 

Ezra  Dana. 

John  Dana. 

Richard  Dana. 

Henry  Darling. 

Daniel  Doland. 

Paul  Dexter. 

James  Dickson. 

William  Dickson. 

Thomas  Ditson. 

Isaac  Dix. 

John  Dorin. 
Thomas  Dove. 
Zacheus  Drury. 
Daniel  Duncan. 

David  Edmands. 
John  Edmands. 
Thomas  Edmands. 
Andrew  Ellis. 
Richard  Everett. 
Thomas  Farrington. 

Absalom  Farwell. 
David  Farwell. 
Josiah  Fessenden. 
Samuel  Fillebrown. 
Aaron  Fisher. 
Ephraim  Flagg. 
Benjamin  Floyd. 
John  Forman. 
Benjamin  B.  Foster. 
Bennett  Foster. 
James  Fowle. 
John  Fowle,  Jr. 
Samuel  Fowle. 
John  Francis. 
Cato  Freeman. 
Abraham  Frost. 
Edmund  Frost. 
Ephraim  Frost. 
James  Frost. 
James  Frost,  Jr. 


Neptune  Frost. 

Seth  Frost. 

Charles  Frothingham. 

William  Frothingham. 

Robert  Fulton. 

William  Fuller. 

Jesse  Gaffield. 

Samuel  Gallison. 

Daniel  Gamage. 

John  Gardner. 

Thomas  Gardner. 

George  Geyer. 

Jonathan  C.  Godden. 

William  Grady. 

John  Grandy. 
Isaac  Greenleaf. 

William  Gridley. 

John  Hagar. 

Richard  Hales. 

Edward  Harrington. 
Benjamin  Hastings. 
Edward  Hastings. 
John  Hastings. 
Richard  Hay. 
John  Heywood. 
Samuel  Heywood.. 
John  Hill. 
Samuel  Hill. 
Thomas  Hill. 
John  Hoi  brook. 
Joseph  Holden. 
Reuben  Hooker. 
Thomas  Hoppin. 
Edward  Horton. 
Josiah  Horton. 
Caleb  Hovey. 
Josiah  Hovey. 
Thomas  Hovey.    » 
Samuel  Howard. 
Simon  Howard. 
Abraham  Hurley. 
William  Hurley. 
Peter  Jackson. 
Job  Jennens. 
Phinehas  Jennison. 
Abel  Johnson. 
Abijah  Johnson. 
Jesse  Johnson. 
Jonas  Johnson. 
Lawrence  Johnson. 


430 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Philip  Johnson. 
Wicom  Johnson. 
James  Jones. 

Peter  Quinn. 
Henry  Ramor. 
Abraham  Rand. 

John  Kidder. 

Moses  Rand. 

Henry  King. 
Peter  Landman. 

Thomas  Ransford. 
Jonathan  Read. 

Joseph  Larkin. 
Jonathan  Lawrence. 
James  Learned. 

Joseph  Read. 
Stacy  Read. 
John  Rice. 

William  Learned. 

Elias  Richardson. 

Jack  Leavenworth. 

Moses  Richardson. 

Robert  Leonard. 
Job  Littlefield. 
Jonathan  Locke. 

George  Richey. 
John  Ridgway. 
Ebenezer  Robbins. 

Thomas  Long. 
Richard  Loring. 
Thomas  Mason. 

Ephraim  Robbins. 
Jonathan  Robbins. 
Gain  Robinson. 

Edmund  Masters. 

Silas  Robinson. 

Robert  McCleary. 
Arthur  Me  Cord. 
Daniel  McGuire. 
Daniel  McNamara  (de- 
serted). 
John  Mead. 

York  Ruggles. 
John  Runey. 
Joseph  Russell. 
Patten  Russell. 
Samuel  Russell. 
Jacob  Sanderson. 

Thomas  Melendy. 
Joseph  Mills. 
Samuel  Mills. 

William  Sanger. 
John  Savage. 
Richard  Seaver. 

Pierce  Moran. 
William  Morse. 

Joseph  Shaw. 
John  Sherrin. 

Ephraim  Mullett. 
John  Myrick. 
Alexander  Nelson. 

Ebenezer  Simonds. 
James  Simson. 
John  Smith. 

John  Palmer. 
John  Parcells. 
Thomas  Park. 
Jackson  Parker. 
Thomas  Parrott. 
William  Penniman. 
Thomas  Perkins. 

Blake  Sparhawk. 
Noah  Sparhawk. 
Convers  Spring. 
Jonathan  Stanley. 
Joseph  Stanley. 
Jotham  Staple. 
John  Stearns. 

Jesse  Perry. 

Robert  Steward. 

Elijah  Phipps. 
Samuel  Phipps. 
John  Pierce. 

Samuel  Stimson. 
Amos  Stone. 
David  Stone. 

Joseph  Pierce. 
Samuel  Pierce. 

John  Stone. 
Aaron  Swan. 

Job  Potamea. 
Edward  Prentice. 
Henry  Prentice. 
Henry  Prentice,  Jr. 
Jonas  Prentice. 
Solomon  Prentice. 

George  Swan. 
Stephen  Symmes. 
Amos  Taylor. 
John  Tidd. 
Joseph  Trask. 
Stephen  Tucker. 

Ebenezer  Tufts. 
John  Tufts. 
Jonathan  Tufts. 
Nathan  Tufts. 
Nathaniel  Tufts. 
Samuel  Tufts. 
George  Turner. 
Wait  Turner. 
Elijah  Tuttle. 
Joseph  Tuttle. 
John  Vertys. 
John  Vila. 
Thomas  Wait. 
Edward  Walker. 
Israel  Walton. 
William  Warland. 
Daniel  Watson. 
Isaac  Watson. 
William  Watson. 
Ezra  Welch. 
John  Welch. 
Elijah  Weld. 
Henry  Weld. 
Job  Wetherell. 
Thomas  Wheeler. 
Andrew  White. 
James  White. 
John  Whiting. 
Andrew  Whitney. 
Nathaniel  R.  Whitney. 
Oliver  Whitney. 
Timothy  Whitney. 
Francis  Whittemore. 
Nathan  Whittemore. 
Samuel  Whittemore,  Jr. 
Thomas  Whittemore. 
James  Williams. 
Nathaniel  Williams. 
Timothy  Willison. 
George  Wilson. 
Josiah  Wilson. 
Thomas  Wilson. 
William  Wilton. 
Henry  Winship. 
Isaac  Winship. 
John  Winship. 
Coolidge  Wood. 
Charles  Wyman. 
Phipps  Wyman. 
James  Yates. 


MILITARY  HISTORY. 

The  war  against  Great  Britain,  which  was  proclaimed  on  the 
19th  of  June,  1812,  was  unpopular  in  Cambridge,  as  in  New  Eng- 
land generally.  The  muster  rolls  are  not  within  my  reach  ;  and 
I  am  unable  to  furnish  a  full  list  of  volunteers  who  may  have  en- 
tered the  army.  A  certificate  remains  on  file,  however,  that  the 
Cambridge  Light  Infantry  were  in  camp  at  South  Boston  fifty- 
one  days,  commencing  Sept.  10,  1814.  The  company  consisted 
of  Captain  Samuel  Child,  Jr. ;  Lieutenant  Jonathan  C.  Prentiss ; 
Ensign  Eliab  W.  Metcalf;  Sergeants,  John  Ruggles,  William 
Hunnewell,  Oliver  L.  Child,  Ruf us  Roberts ;  Corporals,  Jacob 
H.  Bates,  Asa  Wyman ;  Fifer,  Nathaniel  Munroe ;  Privates, 
William  Bates,  Elijah  Bellows,  David  Bowtell,  John  Brackett, 
William  Brown,  James  Child,  Nathaniel  Colburn,  Charles  Ev- 
erett, John  Fillebrown,  Timothy  Flagg,  Abraham  J.  Gould, 
Henry  Greenwood,  Sewall  Hadley,  Isaac  Herrick,  William  Hol- 
lis,  Isaac  Kilburn,  Richard  Larrabee,  Cyrus  Morse,  Harris  Mun- 
roe, Seth  Sanderson,  Buckley  Stone,  Moses  Thompson,  Charles 
Walton,  Galen  Ware,  Jonas  Wyeth  3d.  Besides  these,  William 
Surges,  James  Gilson,  John  Wheeler  2d,  Samuel  S.  Willard,  and 
Stephen  Wyeth,  were  drafted  into  the  service  in  August,  1814, 
and  Samuel  Carpenter,  Peter  G.  Conant,  William  C.  Davis, 
Thomas  Dean,  Jr.,  Edmund  Morrill,  Seth  Tinkham,  and  John 
Wyman,  served  as  substitutes  for  other  drafted  men. 

To  Cambridge  rightfully  belongs  the  honor  of  organizing  the 
first  company  of  militia  in  the  United  States,  which  was  enlisted 
expressly  for  the  defence  of  the  government  in  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion,  1861.  Soon  after  the  Presidential  election  in  1860, 
many  who  carefully  watched  the  signs  of  the  times  were  confi- 
dent that  the  Southern  States  would  soon  be  in  open  rebellion, 
and  that  the  national  government  could  only  be  preserved  by 
force  of  arms.  Among  those  who  foresaw  the  peril  and  did  not 
shrink  from  it  was  James  P.  Richardson,  Esq.,1  an  attorney  at 
law  in  Cambridgeport.  In  anticipation  of  the  impending  strug- 
gle, he  issued  the  following  notice :  — 

*'The  undersigned  proposes  to  organize  a  company  of  volun- 
teers, to  tender  their  services  to  our  common  country,  and  to 
do  what  they  can  to  maintain  the  integrity  and  glory  of  our  flag 
and  Union.  Any  citizen  of  good  moral  character  and  sound  in 
body,  who  wishes  to  join  the  corps,  will  please  call  at  my  office, 
Main  Street,  Cambridgeport.  J.  P.  RICHARDSON."  2 

1  Great-grandson  of  Moses  Richardson,  who  was  slain  on  the  day  of  the  Lexing- 
ton Battle,  April  19,  1775.  a  Cambridge  Chronicle,  Jan.  5,  1861. 


432 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


On  the  13th  of  April,  1861,  it  was  announced  that  sixty  per- 
sons had  enlisted,  and  that  the  company  had  been  accepted  by 
the  Governor.  Two  days  afterwards,  April  15th,  the  President 
of  the  United  States  issued  a  proclamation,  calling  for  75,000 
volunteers,  to  serve  three  months,  in  defence  of  the  Union.  On 
the  16th,  the  Governor  issued  his  orders ;  and  this  company 
responded  on  the  morning  of  the  17th,  having  in  its  ranks,  when 
it  arrived  at  the  State  House,  ninety-five  members,  some  having 
joined  it  on  its  march.  It  seems  highly  proper  to  preserve  the 
names  of  those  patriotic  men,  who,  first  of  all,  voluntarily  offered 
their  services  to  the  country :  — 


CAPTAIN. 
James  P.  Richardson. 

1ST   LIEUT. 

Samuel  E.  Chamberlain. 

2D    LIEUT. 

Edwin  F.  Richardson. 

SERGEANTS. 

John  Kinnear. 
Francis  M.  Doble. 
George  W.  Smith. 
Conrad  D.  Kinnear. 

CORPORALS. 

Augustus  A.  Thurston. 
Daniel  F.  Brown. 
Benjamin  F.  Dexter. 
John  E.  Howe. 

MUSICIAN. 
John  Charles  Copp. 

PRIVATES. 

Leonard  Arkerson. 
Edwin  Barry. 
Andrew  J.  Bate. 
Joseph  H.  Baxter. 
Albert  C.  Berry. 
Isaac  H.  Blake. 
Robert  F.  Bourne. 
Charles  B.  Brown. 
Solomon  M.  Busnach. 
Joseph  P.  Cartwright. 
James  Gate. 
Edwin  F.  Chandler. 
Frederick  Chandler. 
William  Chandler. 
William  H.  Clark. 
William  A.  Colby. 


Thomas  Costello. 
Robert  D.  Grabble. 
Jere  C.  Cronin,  Jr. 
Hugh  Cunningham. 
Charles  R.  Dakin. 
Louis  1  P.  Davis,  Jr. 
Lowell  Ellison. 
Edwin  E.  Fairbanks. 
Thos.  W.  Frederickson. 
John  C.  Gaffney. 
Robert  J.  Gamble. 
Thomas  Gamble. 
Joseph  Gay. 
John  Green. 
Abner  A.  Griffing. 
James  W.  Haley. 
Samuel  L.  Harty. 
George  W.  Hastings. 
Levi  Hawkes. 
William  A.  Hayward. 
Frederick  A.  Hill. 
Simon  D.  Hitchcock. 
Alfred  F.  Holt. 
Patrick  Howard. 
Charles  M.  Hewlett. 
William  Kavanaugh. 
Frank  E.  Kelly. 
Paul  Kennedy. 
John  W.  King. 
George  W.  Lamson. 
Samuel  H.  Libbey. 
Samuel  C.  Lucy. 
Thomas  H.  Lucy. 
Thomas  Martin. 
Richard  T.  Marvin. 


Alfred  J.  Mason. 
Joseph  Mayer. 
Timothy  McCarty. 
Thomas  McDonald. 
Eugene  H.  McQuillen. 
Michael  McQuillen. 
Daniel  R.  Melcher. 
Horatio  C.  Moore. 
George  T.  Nichols. 
Thomas  A.  B.  Norris,  Jr. 
James  W.  Penniman. 
Calvin  D.  Peirce. 
Thomas  Preston. 
William  W.  Richards. 
William  R.  Russell. 
William  Shannon. 
James  Sheedy. 
Charles  S.  Slate. 
Samuel  F.  Slocomb. 
Henry  A.  Smith. 
John  Smith. 
Charles  E.  Stevens. 
Warren  F.  Stone. 
Michael  Sullivan. 
Timothy  Sullivan. 
William  Tibbetts. 
Charles  H.  Titus. 
Edwin  H.  Trulan. 
John  Vose. 
George  W.  Waters. 
George  W.  Wheelock. 
Henry  White. 
John  A.  White. 
Andrew  Wilson. 


1  Or,  Llewelyn. 


MILITARY  HISTORY.  433 

Ninety-seven  in  all ;  but  Calvin  D.  Peirce  and  Edwin  H.  Tru- 
lan  were  not  mustered  in  until  the  6th  of  May,  after  the  company 
arrived  at  Fortress  Monroe. 

At  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  service,  this  company  returned, 
and  received  an  ovation  from  their  fellow  citizens  July  23,  1861, 
at  the  City  Hall.  Nearly  all  its  members  reenlisted,  and  ren- 
dered further  service  to  the  country ;  and  many  laid  down  their 
lives  in  its  defence.1  Of  its  three  commissioned  officers,  Capt. 
James  P.  Richardson  received  a  commission  as  Captain  in  the 
38th  Regiment,  Aug.  12,  1862  ;  was  promoted  to  the  office  of 
Major,  Dec.  4, 1862,  and  to  that  of  Lieut.-colonel,  July  16,  1863 ; 
from  which  time  he  had  the  command  of  the  regiment,  as  the 
Colonel  was  absent  on  leave  from  April,  1863,  until  the  end  of  the 
war.  Col.  Richardson  was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Opequan,  Sept.  19,  1864,  but  continued  in  service  until  the  end 
of  the  war,  after  which  he  served  in  the  regular  army  in  a  sub- 
ordinate office,  and  was  for  a  considerable  time  Judge  Advocate. 
He  was  afterwards  appointed  Judge  of  a  court  in  Texas.  Lieut. 
Samuel  E.  Chamberlain  was  commissioned  Captain  of  a  company 
in  the  First  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  Nov.  25,  1861 ;  Major,  Oct.  30, 
1862  ;  Lieut.-colonel,  March  5, 1864;  Colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regi- 
ment of  Cavalry,  July  26,  1865  ;  and  was  discharged,  Oct.  31, 
1865,  after  the  war  ended,  with  the  brevet  rank  of  Brigadier- 
general.  He  was  very  dangerously  wounded  at  Kelly's  Ford, 
March  17,  1863.  A  bullet  entered  his  left  cheek-bone,  and  was 
long  afterwards  taken  out  from  his  spine  between  the  shoulder- 
blades.  He  soon  returned,  however,  to  his  post,  and  remained 
in  active  service  more  than  six  months  after  the  surrender  of 
Gen.  Lee's  Army.  He  afterwards  served  the  Commonwealth  as 
Deputy  Quartermaster-general,  from  Aug.  24,  1866,  to  Jan.  25, 
1872 ;  and  he  is  now  Warden  of  the  State  Prison,  to  which  office 
he  was  appointed  in  December,  1871.  Lieut.  Edwin  F.  Richard- 
son received  a  commission  as  First  Lieutenant  of  a  company  in 
the  22d  Regiment,  Oct.  1,  1861,  which  he  resigned  June  10, 
1862.  He  soon  afterwards  enlisted  as  a  private,  became  a  Ser- 
geant, was  mortally  wounded  in  battle,  May  18,  1864,  and  died 
on  the  26th  of  the  same  month.  He  nobly  redeemed  his  pledge 
at  the  ovation  on  the  23d  of  July,  1861,  when  he  is  reported  to 
have  said,  "he  was  determined  to  go  back  to  the  seat  of  war," 

1  As  nearly  as  can  be  ascertained,  the  ceived  commissions,  and  twenty-one  were 

whole  number   reenlisted,  with  only  two  killed  in  battle,  or  died  of  wounds  and 

exceptions  ;    twenty-seven    of   them    re-  disease  contracted  in  the  service. 
28 


434 


HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 


and  "  to  fight  till  the  war  was  over ;  and  if  need  be  he  would 
leave  his  bones  to  bleach  on  southern  soil."1  He  sacrificed  his 
life,  but  his  remains,  transported  by  friendly  hands,  were  honor- 
ably deposited  in  the  Soldiers'  Lot  in  the  Cambridge  Cemetery. 

Cambridge  furnished  about  two  hundred  commissioned  officers, 
during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion.  The  following  list  is  doubtless 
imperfect;  yet  it  is  the  result  of  an  examination  of  the  Adjutant- 
general's  Reports,  supplemented  by  personal  inquiry,  and  an  in- 
spection of  the  names  on  the  Soldiers'  Monument  in  Cambridge. 


BRIGADIER-GENERALS. 

Henry  L.  Eustis. 
Charles  Russell  Lowell. 

BREVET  BRIGADIER- 
GENERALS. 

Samuel  E.  Chamberlain. 
Charles  F.  Walcott. 

COLONELS. 

P.  Stearns  Davis. 
Norwood  P.  Hallowell. 
Albert  Ordway. 
Edmund  Rice. 

BREVET  COLONEL. 

James  B.  Smith. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 

William  W.  Bullock. 
Jeremiah  W.  Coveney. 
J.  Durell  Green. 
William  H.  Lounsbury. 
George  A.  Meacham. 
David  P.  Muzzey. 
James  P.  Richardson. 
Samuel  W.  Richardson. 
Albert  Stickney. 

MAJORS. 

Ezra  P.  Gould. 
C.  Frederick  Livermore. 
Charles  C.  Parsons. 
Henry  L.  Patten. 


Thomas  O.  Barri. 
Joseph  H.  Baxter. 
James  B.  Bell. 
George  N.  Bennett. 
Robert  T.  Bourne. 
John  T.  Burgess. 
Richard  Gary. 
Charles  H.  Chapman. 
Joseph  H.  Clark. 
J.  Warren  Cotton. 
Lewis  S.  Dabney. 
Alexander  J.  Dallas. 
George  H.  Dana. 
James  T.  Davis. 
Horace  Dexter. 
Edward  G.  Dyke. 
Charles  W.  Folsom. 
William  H.  Gertz. 
Joseph  A.  Hildreth. 
Arthur  Hodges. 
George  F.  Holman. 
Henry  A.  Homer. 
Henry  P.  Hoppin. 
Samuel  D.  Hovey. 
William  G.  Howe. 
Alpheus  Hyatt. 
William  H.  Jewell. 
Edward  B.  P.  Kinsley. 
Leodegar  M.  Lipp. 
Roger  S.  Littlefield. 


John  T.  Richards. 

Atherton  H.  Stevens,  Jr.2  Frederick  A.  Lull. 

BREVET  MAJOR.        John  W.  McGregor. 
Charles  J.  Mills.  Samuel  McKeever. 

CAPTAINS.  Robert  R.  Newell. 

Thomas  H.  Annable.         William  J.  O'Brien. 


William  Plumer. 
Josiah  Porter. 
Thomas  R.  Robeson. 
J.  Emery  Round. 
Taylor  P.  Rundlett. 
John  S.  Sawyer. 
George  A.  Schmitt. 
J.  Lewis  Stackpole. 
George  H.  Taylor. 
Levi  P.  Thompson. 
George  O.  Tyler. 
Charles  C.  Wehrun. 
Henry  C.  Wells. 
Thomas  R.  WTells. 
Edward  E.  White. 
William  H.  Whitney. 
John  B.  Whorf. 
John  Wilder. 
John  C.  Willey. 
Andrew  Wilson. 
John  T.  Wilson. 
J.  Henry  Wyman. 

BREVET    CAPTAIN. 

Benjamin  Vaughn. 

SURGEONS. 

Alfred  F.  Holt. 
Anson  P.  Hooker. 
Alfred  A.  Stocker. 
A.  Carter  Webber. 

ASSISTANT    SURGEON. 

Henry  O.  Marcy. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANTS. 

John  S.  Allanson. 
William  B.  Allyn. 
John  Bigelow. 


1  Cambridge  Chronicle,  July  27,  1861. 

2  To  Major  Stevens   was  allotted    the 
privilege  of  conferring  special   honor  on 
Cambridge.     On   the   morning  of  April 
3,  1865,  he  received  from  the  Mayor  of 


Richmond  a  formal  surrender  of  the  city, 
led  his  squadron  within  the  walls,  and 
displayed  the  Stars  and  Stripes  upon  the 
State  House. 


MILITARY   HISTORY. 


435 


George  W.  Booth. 
William  S.  Buck. 
Isaac  H.  Bullard. 
John  H.  Butler. 
A.  L.  Chamberlain. 
Daniel  H.  Chamberlain. 
Frederick  Chandler. 
William  H.  Clark. 
Theodore  Collamore. 
Marcus  M.  Collis. 
John  H.  Conant. 
George  H.  Copeland. 
Calvin  A.  Damon. 
Henry  C.  Dana. 
Charles  M.  Duren. 
Gerald  Fitzgerald. 
Charles  F.  Foster. 
John  C.  GalFney. 
Thomas  L.  Harmon. 
John  C.  Heymer. 
Charles  V.  Holt, 
George  H.  Howard. 
Eli  P.  Kinsley. 
Thomas  J.  Langley. 
James  R.  Lawrence. 
Edward  M.  Livermore. 
Charles  A.  Longfellow. 
James  J.  Lowell. 
Alphonso  M.  Lunt. 
Timothy  McCarty. 


Lebbeus  H.  Mitchell. 
William  Mullett. 
James  Munroe. 
Isaac  H.  Pinkham. 
John  H.  Rafferty. 
W.  Carey  Rice. 
Darius  P.  Richards. 
Edwin  F.  Richardson. 
Ezra  Ripley. 
William  A.  Robinson. 
Nathan  Russell,  Jr. 
Frank  N.  Scott. 
Jared  Shepard. 
George  B.  Smith. 
George  W.  Smith. 
Charles  B.  Stevens. 
Frank  E.  Stimson. 
William  B.  Storer. 
Humphrey  Sullivan. 
Robert  Torrey,  Jr. 
Emory  Washburn,  Jr. 
Charles  P.  Welch. 
Austin  C.  Wellington. 


Amos  W.  Bridges. 
Joseph  P.  Burrage. 
Edward  F.  Campbell. 
Howard  Carroll. 
William  M.  Cloney. 
George  Cole. 
Daniel  G.  E.  Dickinson. 
Lowell  Ellison. 
George  A.  Fisher. 
Thomas  J.  Fletcher. 
Nathan  G.  Gooch. 
James  B.  Hancock. 
Stephen  S.  Harris. 
Harrison  Hinkley. 
Henry  C.  Hobbs. 
Andrew  J.  Holbrook. 
George  M.  Joy. 
Henry  B.  Leighton. 
John  McClintock. 
Edmund  Miles. 
Daniel  S.  Parker. 
William  L.  Putnam. 
Hiram  Rowe. 


William  L.  Whitney,  Jr.  George  P.  Small. 
SECOND  LIEUTENANTS.  William  H.  B.  Smith. 
Leonard  C.  Alden. 
Pardon  Almy,  Jr. 
Rudolph  N.  Anderson. 
John  V.  Apthorp. 
Charles  P.  Blaisdell. 
George  L.  Bradbury. 


William  A.  Tarbell. 
William  H.  Tibbetts. 
Pay  son  E.  Tucker. 
Oliver  H.  Webber. 
Nathaniel  S.  Wentworth. 


William  McDermott. 

To  these  should  be  added  three  officers  in  the  Navy,  whose 
names  are  inscribed  on  the  Soldiers'  Monument  :  Assistant 
Surgeons  William  Longshaw,  Jr.,  Henry  Sylvanus  Plympton  ; 
Assistant  Engineer,  John  M.  Whittemore.  And  it  would  be  un- 
pardonable to  omit  the  name  of  Rear  Admiral  Charles  Henry 
Davis,  who  rendered  active  and  efficient  service  during  the  War. 

On  the  17th  of  June,  1869,  the  Mayor  and  City  Council  laid 
the  corner-stone  of  a  monument,1  which  was  dedicated,  with  fit- 
ting ceremonies,  July  13,  1870.  It  stands  upon  the  Common  in 
front  of  the  College,  and  bears  this  inscription  :  "  THE  SOLDIERS 
AND  SAILORS  OF  CAMBRIDGE,  WHOSE  NAMES  ARE  HERE  IN- 


1  The  committee  charged  with  the  erec- 
tion of  this  monument  give  due  credit  to 
the  persons  engaged  in  its  construction  : 
"  Designers  of  the  Monument  and  Artists 
of  the  Statue,  Cyrus  and  Darius  Cobb, 
of  Cambridge;  Architect,  Thomas  W. 


Silloway,  A.  M.,  of  Boston  ;  Contractors 
for  the  Stone  and  Masonry,  McDonald  & 
Mann,  of  Cambridge ;  Manufacturers  of 
the  Tablets,  The  Metallic  Compression 
Company,  of  Somerville." 


436 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


SCRIBED,  DIED  IN  THE  SERVICE  OF  THEIR  COUNTRY,  IN  THE 
WAR  FOR  THE  MAINTENANCE  OF  THE  UNION.  To  PERPETUATE 
THE  MEMORY  OF  THEIR  VALOR  AND  PATRIOTISM,  THIS  MONU- 
MENT is  ERECTED  BY  THE  CITY,  A.  D.  1869-70."  The  names 
are  inscribed  on  eight  tablets,  two  upon  each  buttress.  It  is 
surely  no  more  than  just  that  they  should  also  be  inscribed  here  : 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL. 

Charles  Russell  Lowell. 

COLONEL. 

P.  Stearns  Davis. 
MAJOR. 
Henry  L.  Patten. 

BREVET  MAJOR. 

Charles  James  Mills. 

CAPTAINS. 

Thomas  O.  Barri. 
Joseph  A.  Baxter. 
Robert  T.  Bourne. 
Richard  Gary. 
Alexander  J.  Dallas. 
Thomas  R.  Robeson. 
Levi  P.  Thompson. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

William  Bradford  Allyn. 
Gerald  Fitzgerald. 
James  J.  Lowell. 
James  Munroe. 
John  H.  Rafferty. 
W.  Carey  Rice. 
Ezra  Ripley. 
Jared  Shepard. 
Frank  E.  Stimson. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANTS. 

Leonard  C.  Alden. 
Pardon  Almy,  Jr. 
Rudolph  N.  Anderson. 
Joseph  P.  Burrage. 
Howard  Carroll. 
James  B.  Hancock. 
William  L.  Putnam. 
Hiram  Rowe. 
William  H.  B.  Smith. 
William  H.  Tibbetts. 

SERGEANT  MAJOR. 

Walter  W.  Nurse. 

SERGEANTS. 

J.  Frank  Angell. 
William  H.  Babcock. 


Charles  Bisbee. 
Charles  B.  Brown. 
Daniel  F.  Brown. 
James  L.  Brown. 
George  F.  Gate. 
Martin  G.  Child. 
A.  Stacy  Courtis. 
John  L.  Fenton. 
George  Grier. 
William  P.  Hadley. 
Anselm  C.  Hammond. 
Oliver  Hapgood. 
George  W.  Harris. 
Edward  M.  Hastings. 
George  E.  Henshaw. 
Curtis  Hobbs. 
Oliver  L.  Hodgdon. 
Horace  M.  Hosmer. 
Charles  A.  Howard. 
William  H.  Keene. 
Andrew  A.  Langley. 
Lauren  F.  Langley. 
William  Matthews. 
James  McCalvey. 
Nathaniel  Prentiss. 
John  Henry  Purcell. 
Edwin  F.  Richardson. 
Charles  C.  Schwartz. 
John  P.  Turner. 
Theodore  E.  Waters. 

CORPORALS. 
Alexander  T.  Barri. 
Erastus  R.  Bullard. 
Thomas  Cassidy. 
William  L.  C'hampney. 
Richard  Condon. 
John  Cooley. 
Owen  Duffy. 
Hezekiah  O.  Gale. 
John  Hamilton. 
John  Hogan. 
John  E.  Howe. 


Levi  Langley. 
Thomas  Lawson. 
David  K.  Munroe. 
Jeremiah  Murphy. 
Joseph  McEvoy. 
Charles  E.  Neale. 
William  J.  Rand. 
Frederick  Ruhling. 
Lucian  J.  Sanderson. 
John  Scanlan. 
Frank  Snow. 
William  F.  Sparrow. 
Thomas  Tabor. 
Augustus  A.  Thurston. 
Alphonzo  D.  Titus. 
Henry  Walker. 
Joseph  H.  Wyman. 

PRIVATES. 
William  Adams. 
George  N.  Allen. 
Sidney  Allen. 
Frank  M.  Almy. 
Lucien  Andrews. 
James  Angling. 
Joseph  Baldwin. 
Samuel  Benjamin. 
George  W.  Bentley. 
Joseph  D.  Bertsch. 
Edwin  J.  Bigelow. 
George  R.  Blake. 
Horace  O.  Blake. 
Walter  S.  Bradbury. 
Charles  M.  Bridges. 
John  P.  Brown. 
George  W.  Bullock. 
George  L.  Burton. 
John  D.  Burtwell. 
Albert  L.  Butler. 
John  E.  Butler. 
Patrick  Callahan. 
William  C.  Games. 
Charles  A.  Carpenter. 


MILITARY   HISTORY. 


437 


Charles  A.  Carter. 
John  Caswell. 
H.  Gray  Chipman. 
Edwin  R.  Clark. 
Herman  J.  Clark. 
Thomas  J.  Clements. 
Jeremiah  Cokely. 
Timothy  Condlin. 
Peter  Conlan. 
John  Conner. 
Bernard  Con  way. 
Daniel  Con  way. 
Michael  Conway. 
Jeremiah  Corkery. 
Joseph  Corrigan. 
Thomas  F.  Costello. 
Franklin  J.  Cremin. 
John  Crockett. 
Michael  T.  Croning. 
George  Cubery. 
Augustus  Cunningham. 
Samuel  A.  Cutting. 
Robert  L.  Dale. 
Michael  Daley.   • 
Milo  H.  Daley. 
John  H.  Dame. 
Charles  T.  Denton. 
William  A.  Dillingham. 
John  A.  Dodge. 
Joseph  Donavan. 
Patrick  Donavan. 
Marcus  Downing. 
John  Ducy. 
John  Dunn. 
Francis  W.  Eaton. 
Charles  F.  Edwards. 
Herbert  L.  Emerson. 
Charles  W.  Emery. 
James  English. 
Henry  L.  Ewell. 
James  M.  Fairfield. 
George  F.  Falls. 
Charles  C.  Fatal. 
Patrick  Fay. 
Isaac  Fenton. 
Thomas  Fitzgerald. 
Bernard  Flanigan. 
Herman  Flint. 
Howard  J.  Ford. 
William  F.  Freeman. 
Thomas  Gaffney. 


Benjamin  F.  Garland. 
Charles  R.  Gay. 
John  Gibbons. 
James  J.  Gibson. 
Thomas  Gibson. 
John  M.  Gilcreas. 
Patrick  J.  Gill. 
James  Golden. 
Charles  W.  Goodwin. 
Henry  Gould. 
Samuel  S.  Gould. 
Francis  Graham. 
Aurelius  Gray. 
Benjamin  F.  Gunnison. 
Winfield  S.  Gurney. 
Ferdinand  Haberer. 
Bernard  Haley. 
Aromel  H.  Hamilton. 
Peter  Hanlon. 
Charles  D.  Harlow. 
William  Harlow. 
John  Harney. 
David  G.  Hatch. 
John  F.  Hawkes. 
George  W.  Hearsey. 
Daniel  Hickey. 
Edward  T.  Hixon. 
Michael  Hoar. 
Joseph  Hodges,  Jr. 
Joseph  Hoey. 
Francis  C.  Hopkinson. 
Dennis  Horrigan. 
Patrick  Howard. 
John  Hughes,  2d. 
Joseph  H.  Hughes. 
John  Irwin. 
William  R.  Jackson. 
Austin  Jefferson. 
Alfred  Jennings. 
George  A.  Jewett. 
Charles  D.  Johnson. 
William  Johnson. 
David  Johnston. 
John  O.  Keefe. 
Timothy  Kelleher. 
Peter  Kelly. 
Thomas  Kelsey. 
Paul  Kennedy. 
Alois  Kolb. 
Benjamin  F.  Lancton. 
Francis  L.  Lander. 


William  H.  Lattimer. 
William  Laws. 
Philo  G.  Lawton. 
Timothy  Leary. 
Edward  Lennon. 
John  M.  S.  Lernard. 
Thomas  Long. 
George  W.  Lucy. 
William  H.  Lunt. 
John  Lynch. 
John  W.  Macconnell. 
Bernard  Madden. 
John  Madden. 
John  H.  Maguire. 
Elias  Manning. 
John  Manning. 
Thomas  Marin. 
Thomas  Maroney. 
John  Marshall. 
Ferdinand  Matthews. 
Archibald  McCaffrey. 
John  McCarthy. 
Patrick  McDermott. 
Albert  McKown. 
Dennis  McMahon. 
James  McNall. 
Francis  McQuade. 
Michael  McQuillan. 
Michael  McVey. 
Dennis  Meagher. 
William  Mitchell. 
Alvah  Montgomery. 
Stephen  Moore. 
William  Z.  Morey. 
Alexander  Morin. 
Christopher  Morris. 
Joseph  A.  Morris. 
George  E.  Morse. 
Bernard  Mullen. 
Charles  Murphy. 
John  Murphy. 
John  C.  Murphy. 
Michael  Murphy. 
Thomas  Murphy. 
Dennis  B.  Nash. 
Thomas  Neville. 
George  Nichols. 
Dennis  O'Brien. 
Martin  O'Brien. 
William  O'Brien. 
John  O'Connor. 


438 


HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 


John  O'Hara. 
Patrick  O'Niel. 
Thomas  Palmer. 
Charles  Parker. 
William  L.  Parker. 
George  W.  Paul. 
James  D.  Paul. 
Edwin  R.  Pearson. 
Henry  Penmore. 
Walter  S.  Penniman. 
William  Pliipps. 
James  H.  Pierce,  Jr. 
William  Plant. 
Augustus  R.  Pope. 
John  Powers. 
William  B.  Price. 
Edwin  C.  Proctor. 
Philip  J.  Quinn. 
John  H.  Ready. 
Frederick  S.  Richards. 
William  Robins. 
James  B.  Robinson. 
Thomas  H.  Roper. 
James  H.  Rowe. 


Randolph  Ruther. 
Thomas  F.  Ryan. 
William  Schmidt. 
Orrin  Seavey. 
David  Shattels. 
Thomas  J.  Short. 
William  H.  Smart. 
Daniel  F.  Smith. 
Augustine  Sorg. 
George  H.  Stearns. 
Walter  H.  Stedson. 
Francis  E.  Stevens. 
William  L.  Stevens. 
Humphrey  Sullivan. 
Thomas  Sullivan. 
Francis  C.  Swift. 
John  H.  Talbot. 
Edward  B.  Thomas. 
William  Thompson. 
Robert  Thornton. 
George  G.  Thwing. 
William  Tingey. 
Frank  Todd. 
John  Toomey. 


James  Travis. 
George  T.  Tucker. 
John  H.  Tucker. 
David  Tyler. 
Leonard  Volk. 
George  F.  Wakefield. 
George  W.  Waters. 
Henry  C.  Waters. 
George  P.  Welch. 
Lewis  Westacott. 
Richard  Westacott. 
Charles  White. 
Dennis  White. 
Edward  P.  White. 
George  R.  White. 
Ebenezer  AVhiting. 
Thomas  Wilson. 
William  Wilson. 
Robert  Wiseman. 
George  T.  Wood. 
Levi  Woofindale. 
William  H.  Wyeth. 
Charles  F.  York. 
Thorn  a*  Yuill. 


Of  those  engaged  in  the  naval  service:  Assistant  Surgeons, 
William  Longshaw,  Jr.,  Henry  Sylvanus  Plympton ;  Assistant 
Engineer,  John  M.  Whittemore ;  Gunner,  Jacob  Amee  ;  George 
Bacon,  Charles  F.  Brown. 

Among  the  documents  deposited  under  the  corner-stone  of  the 
Soldiers'  Monument  is  a  u  Brief  History  of  Cambridge,"  (pre- 
pared by  Henry  W.  Muzzey,  Esq.,  President  of  the  Common 
Council),  in  which  it  is  stated  that,  "  During  the  War,  Cam- 
bridge furnished  to  the  army  of  the  United  States  four  thousand 
one  hundred  and  thirty-five  men,  and  to  the  navy  four  hundred 
and  fifty-three  men."  This  was  about  one  sixth  part  of  the  en- 
tire population,  which  was  26,060  in  1860,  and  29,112  in  1865.1 


1  Cambridge  not  only  furnished  a  full 
share  of  soldiers,  but  was  active  in  reliev- 
ing the  distress  occasioned  by  the  war. 
A  subscription  was  commenced  in  July, 
1862,  which  amounted  to  more  than 
$30,000,  for  the  benefit  of  soldiers  and 
their  families.  When  the  "  Massachusetts 
Soldiers'  Relief  Association"  was  formed 
at  Washington,  Aug.  11,  1862,  its  first 
President,  George  W.  McLellan,  and  its 
Corresponding  Secretary,  George  F.  Mc- 
Lellan, were  Cambridge  men.  One  of  its 
Directors  was  Zenas  W.  Bliss,  then  a 
clerk  in  the  Department  of  the  Interior, 
but  previously  and  for  many  years  since  a 


proof-reader  at  Riverside.  Before  that 
Association  was  formed,  however,  Mr. 
Bliss  was  appointed  by  the  Senators  and 
Representatives  of  Massachusetts  in  Con- 
gress to  visit  and  relieve  the  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers.  As  their  agent,  and 
afterwards  on  behalf  of  the  Association, 
until  his  appointment  as  Commissioner 
of  Enrollment,  he  visited  the  hospitals  and 
battle-fields  near  Washington,  on  his  er- 
rand of  mercy,  and  at  one  time  was  for 
ten  days  within  the  rebel  lines,  minister- 
ing to  the  wants  of  the  soldiers  who  were 
wounded  at  the  second  Bull  Run  Battle. 


CHAPTER   XXII. 


STATISTICS. 

THE  Town  Records  contain  the  following  Rate  List  :  "  The 
number  of  persons  &  of  the  estate  of  the  [inhabitants]  as  it  was 
taken  by  the  townsmen  by  the  order  of  the  Court  1  in  the  yeare 
1647  (1)  mo.  :  - 

135  ^sons,  at  20'  ^  heade,  one  peny  in  the  pound,  comes 

to  11'.  5< 
90  houses,  at  2537'.  10" 

Broaken  land,  776  ac.  at  1'  ^  ac.  3'.  4*.  8rf 
Unbroaken  land,  1084  ac.  at  10s  "$  ac. 
Marsh  land,  500  ac.  at  10s  ^  ac. 
ffarr  medowes,  258  ac.  at  6s  ^  ac. 
208  cowes,  at  5l  ty  cow,  1040' 
42  three  yearelings,  at  4'  "$  head, 

head, 


74  two  yearelings,  at  2'.  10" 


heade, 


heade, 
heade, 
heade, 


79  one  yearling,  at  1'.  10* 
14  steers,  at  5'.  ^  heade, 
131  oxen,  at  61.  "$  heade, 
20  horse,  at  71.  f  heade, 
6  thre  yearlings,  at  5'  ^ 
9  two  yearlings,  at  3'.  "$ 
5  one  yearelings,  at  2'  ^ 
37  Sheepe  at  I1.  10s  *$  heade, 
62  swine,  at  1'  f  heade, 
58  goates,  at  8'  ^  heade, 

total,  40'.  01'.  4d 


1  This  "Order  of  the  Court,"  estab- 
lishing what  was  called  a  "  single  rate," 
was  passed  in  November,  1 646 :  "  That  a 
due  proportion  may  be  had  in  all  public 
rates,  it  is  ordered,  that  every  male  within 
this  jurisdiction,  servant  or  other,  of  the 
age  of  sixteen  years  and  upward,  shall 
pay  yearly  into  the  common  treasury  the 
sum  of  20d.,  and  so  in  some  proportion- 
able way  for  all  estates,  viz.  that  all  and 
every  person  that  have  estates  shall  pay 


/.  s.  d. 
11  05  00 
10  11  05 

03  04  08 

02  05  04 
01  01  08 
00  06  05 

04  06  08 
00  14  00 
00  15  05 
00  09  10, 
00  05  10 

03  05  06 
00  11  00 
00  02  06 
00  02  03 
00  00  10 
00  04  07, 
00  05  02 
00  01  11 

40  01  04 


one  penny  for  every  20^  estate  both  for 
lands  and  goods ;  and  that  every  laborer, 
artificer,  and  handicrafts  man  that  usually 
take  in  summer  time  above  18<i.  by  the 
day  wages,  or  work  by  the  great  which  by 
due  valuation  amounts  to  more  than  I8d. 
by  the  day,  shall  pay  per  annum  3*.  4d- 
into  the  treasury,  over  and  besides  the  20<*. 
before  mentioned,"  etc.  — Mass.  Col.  Rec., 
ii.  173. 


440  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

I.  s.    d. 

It.  More  in  a  barke  of  Mr.  Sparahauke,  50Z.  at  peny  f  \  00  04  02 

More  in  goods  of  Mr.  Tanners,  70'  10s.  at  peny  f  l.     00  05 

a  hoy  of  John  Thrumbles  at  50'.                                      00  04  02 

Halfe  a  shallup  of  Bro.  Hutchins,  5Z.                               00  00  05 
It.  10  men  to  be  added  to  there  rate  3s.  4<*.  ty  heade,  1'. 

13.  4                                                                              01  13  04 


02  07  11 
More,  halfe  a  barke  of  Mr.  Andrews,  halfe  come  to 

a  140*  00  11  06 

Halfe  a  boate,  2Z  00  00  02 


02  19 
40  01  04 

43  00  11 

In  Stocke  55'.  4'.  7".  00  04  07 

In  Sheepe,  3Z.  00  00  03 


43  05 

CAMBRIDGE  LIST  OF  PERSONES  AND  ESTATES  TAKEN  IN  THE  MONTH 
OF  AUGUST,  1688.1 

PBKSONS.  J.  «•         <*• 

1  Tho.  Danforth  Esqr  person  &  estate  is  00  12  01 

1  Edmond  Angier  person  &  estat  is  00  05  03 

1  Sam11:  Gookin  Esqr  person  &  estate  is  00  04  11 

1  Leut.  Sam11  Green  person  &  estate  is  00  02  06 

3  Nath:  Hancock  persons  &  estate  is  00  06  03 

1  Will:  Barritt  person  &  estate  is  00  04  03 

2  Arron  Bordinau  persons  &  estate  is  00  05  01 

0  Andrew  Bordmans  widdow  estate  00  01  03 

1  Joseph  Cooledg  person  00  01  08 
1  Isacc  Day  person  &  estate  is  00  01  11 
1  Jonah  Clarke  person  &  estate  is  00  02  05 

1  Fetter  Town  person  &  estate  is  00     04     00 

2  Jonath  Cane  persons  &  estate  is  00     05     11 

1  This  List  purports  to  contain    the  the  River,  or  the  Brighton  District ;  those 

ratable  polls  and  estates  in  Cambridge ;  between  the  second  and  third,  residents  in 

the  polls  being  rated,  as  in  the  preceding  Menotomy,   or  the  Arlington   District ; 

list,  at  1*.  8d.  each   (or  one  penny  in  the  and  those  below  the  third  blank  line,  resi- 

pound  on  a  valuation  of  "20*.  per  head"),  dents  at  the  Farms,  or  the  Lexington 

and  the  estates  also  at  one  penny  in  the  District.    The  original  document,  recently 

pound.     The  names  above  the  first  blank  discovered,  was  the  property  of  the  late 

line  indicate  residents  in  the  present  City  John  Jeffries,  M.  D.,  of  Boston,  by  whose 

of  Cambridge ;   those  between   the  first  permission  it  is  now  printed, 
and  second,  residents  on  the  south  side  of 


STATISTICS.  441 

I.  t.  d. 

3  Nicholas  ffessenden  persons  &  estat  is  00  09  02 

0  Mr.  Steadman  estate  00  05  09 

1  Zecheriah  Hicks  senr.  person  &  estat  is  00  03  03 

2  Zecheriah  Ilickes  junr.  person  &  estate  is  00  04  11 
1  Joseph  Hickes  person  &  estate  00  01  10 

1  Tho:  Stacy  person  &  estate  00  01  11 

2  John  Buncker  persons  &  estate  is  00  03  06 
2  Mr.  Joseph  Cook  persons  &  estate  is  00  06  10 
2  John  Goue  persons  &  estate  is  00  05  09 
1  Mr.  Sam":  Gaskell  person  &  estate  00  02  08 

0  John  Green  estate  00  01  06 

1  Sam11:  Gibson  person  &  estate  is  00  03  09 

2  Ovvin  Warland  persons  &  estate  is  00  03  09 

1  Jacob  Amsden  person  &  estate  is  00  02  06 

2  Daniell  Cheeuers  persons  &  estate  00  05  03 
1  John  Steadman  junr.  person  &  estat  is  00  02  01 

1  Jonath:  Remington  person  &  estate  00  03  03 

2  Sam11:  Andrew  persons  &  estat  00  05  06 

4  Sam11:  Goff  persons  &  estate  is  00  15  09 

2  Abraham  Hill  persons  &  estate  is  00  13  05 
1  Ephraim  ffrost  person  and  estate  is  00  04  00 
1  Will:  Burges  person  &  estat  00  02  11 
1  Michell  Spencer  person  &  estate  .  00  02  01 

0  Tho:  ffox  estate  is  00  01  08 

1  Sam11  Green  person  &  state  is  00  02  11 
1  Christopher  Muchin  person  &  estat  00  02  01 
1  John  Palfry  person  &  estate  is  00  03  09 
1  John  Green  person  &  estate  is  00  02  01 
1  John  Cooper  junr  person  &  estate  00  02  04 
1  Tho:  Andrew  person  &  estate  is  00  04  10 
1  Sam11  Cook  person  &  estate  is  00  04  03 

3  John  Watson  persons  &  estate  is  00  10  05 
1  Phillip  Cook  person  &  estate  is  00  03  03 

1  Barnabus  Cook  person  &  estate  is  00  04  00 

2  ffrancis  More  persons  &  estate  is  00  08  08 
2  Walter  Hastin  persons  &  estate  is  00  09  02 
1  John  Marritt  person  00  01  08 

0  Richard  Eccles  estate  00  01  04 

1  John  Collice  person  &  estat  is  00  02  11 

1  Sam11:  Prentice  person  00  01  08 

2  John  Hasting  persons  &  estate  is  00  06  02 
2  Sam11.  Hasting  persons  &  estat  is  00  05  01 
1  Edward  Goff  person  &  estate  is  00  03  03 
1  James  ffrost  person  00  01  08 


442  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

I.  i.  d. 

1  John  Jackson  person  &  estate  is  00  08  08 

1  Henry  Prentice  person  &  estate  is  00  02  02 

1  Solomon  Prentice  person  &  estate  is  00  03  02 

0  John  Cooper  sen1  estate  00  04  07 

1  Joseph  Cragbon  person  &  estate  is  00  04  t)2 
1  Jer:  Holman  person  &  estate  00  04  01 
1  Jacob  Hill  person  &  estate  is  00  04  10 
1  John  "Wieth  person  &  estate  is  00  03  04 
1  Will:  Wieth  person  &  estate  is  00  03  07 
1  Sam11:  Cooper  person  &  estate  is  00  04  01 
1  Piam  Blores  person  &  estate  is  00  04  00 

1  John  Marritt  senr  person  &  estate  00  04  02 

3  Samuell  Chamne  persons  &  estate  is  00  10  04 

2  Tho:  Oleuer  persons  &  estat  is  00  09  09 
1  Richard  Dany  person  &  estate  is  00  02  08 
1  Jacob  Dany  person  &  estate  is  00  03  08 
1  Beniamin  Dany  person  &  estate  is  00  04  10 
1  Dauiell  Dany  person  &  estat  is  00  02  04 
1  Daniell  Chamne  person  &  estate  is  00  06  11 

1  Nath:  Robbins  person  &  estate  is  00  05  05 

2  John  Squire  persons  &  estate  is  00  06  07 
1  Richard  Hauen  person  &  estate  is  00  06  08 
1  John  Hauen  person  &  estate  is  00  05  03 

3  Tho:  Brown  persons  &  estate  is  00  08  11 
1  Henry  Smith  person  &  estate  is  00  04  01 
1  John  ffrancis  person  &  estate  is  00  05  00 
1  John  Smith  person  &  estate  is  00  04  00 

1  Isacc  Wilson  person  &  estate  is  00  02  10 

2  Sam11:  &  Nath:  Sparahauke  persons  &  estat  00  10  01 

3  Tho:  Cheeny  persons  &  estate  is  00  10  07 
1  John  Mackoon  junr  person  &  estate  is  00  02  04 
1  James  Phillips  person  00  01  08 
1  Dauid  Stowell  person  &  estate  is  00  02  10 
1  James  Clarke  person  &  estate  is  00  02  10 
1  John  Oldum  person  &  estate  is  00  05  01 
1  Sam11:  Oldum  person  &  estate  is  00  03  09 

0  John  Mackoon  senr  estate  is  00  01  09 

1  Joshua  ffuller  person  &  estate  00  03  05 
1  Ebenezer  Ston  person  &  estate  is  00  03  01 

0  Justin  Houldon  estat  is  00  04  03 

1  John  Willington  person  &  estate  is  00  04  01 
1  Jonath:  Sanders  person  &  estate  is  00  08  04 


STATISTICS.  443 

I.  5.  d. 

1  Will:  Cutter  person  &  estate  is  00  06  03 

1  Mathew  Abdee  person  &  estate  is  00  02  07 

2  John  Addams  persons  &  estate  is  00  10  08 
1  Richard  Cutter  person  &  estate  is  00  05  08 
1  Nath:  Cutter  person  &  estate  is  00  02  11 

0  Tho:  Hall  estate  is  00  00  09 

1  Joseph  Russell  person  &  estate  is  00  05  09 

2  Nath:  Pattin  persons  &  estate  is  00  09  09 
1  Joseph  Winship  person  &  estate  is  00  03  01 
1  Gersham  Cutter  person  &  estate  is  00  04  01 

0  Leut.  Edward  Winship  estate  is  00  03  00 

1  Edward  Winship  person  &  estate  is  00  06  03 
1  Jason  Russell  person  &  estate  is  00  05  05 
1  Will:  Russell  person  &  estate  is  00  04  09 
1  James  Herberd  person  &  estate  is  00  05  04 

1  Sam11:  Buck  person  &  estate  is  00  04  11 

2  Will:  Dickson  persons  &  estate  is  00  10  03 
1  John  Dickson  person  &  estate  is  00  03  05 
1  Israeli  Mead  person  &  estate  is  00  03  10 
1  Jonath:  Dunster  person  &  Doom  00  02  06 

3  Mathew  Bridge  persons  &  estate  is  00  11  06 
1  Phillip  Jones  person  &  estate  is  00  03  07 
1  Widdow  Boeman  person  &  estate  is  00  06  00 
1  ffrancis  Boeman  person  &  estate  is  00  05  03 
1  Goorg  Addams  person  &  estate  is  00  03  01 
1  Tho:  Smith  person  &  estate  is  00  03  07 
1  James  Guttler,  junr  person  &  estate  is  00  03  02 
3  John  Winter  sen1  persons  &  estate  is  00  11  07 
1  Tho:  Cutler  person  &  estate  is  00  04  07 
1  Sam11:  Ston  junr  person  &  estate  is  00  03  03 
1  John  Cutler  person  &  estate  is  00  01  09 
1  Sam":  Cutler  person  &  estate  is  00  02  01 
1  Tho:  Johnson  person  00  01  08 
1  John  Ston  Sam11  Stons  son  person  &  estat  00  04  04 
1  John  Miriam  person  &  estate  is  00  03  07 
1  Widdow  Miriam  person  &  estate  is  00  06  08 
1  Joseph  Miriam  person  &  estate  is  00  04  02 
1  Isacc  Sternes  person  &  estate  is  00  04  05 

1  John  Ston  Dauid  Stons  son  person  &  estat  00  04  03 

2  Sam11:  Ston  senr  persons  &  estate  is  00  11  09 
1  John  Sternes  person  &  estate  is  00  02  05 

0  Dauid  Ston  estate  is  00  01  07 

1  Daniel  Ston  person  00  01  08 


444  HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 

I.  s.  d. 

1     Dauid  ffisk  sen1  person  &  estate  is  00  06  03 

1     Dauid  ffisk  junr  person  &  estate  is  00  04  11 

1     Ephraim  Winship  person  &  estat  00  05  06 

1     John  Russell  person  &  estate  is  00  04  08 

1     Phillip  Gleesson  person  &  estate  00  02  01 

3     John  Tidd  persons  &  estate  is  00  09  08 

1  Phillip  Russell  person  &  estate  is  00  04  10 

2  Will:  Munroe  persons  &  estate  is  00  08  10 
2     Sam11:  Whittmore  persons  &  estate  00  07  00 
2     Beniamin  Muzy  persons  &  estate  00  06  08 
1     Will:  Reed  person  &  estate  is  00  03  03 
1     Joseph  Simons  person  &  estate  is  00  04  11 
1     Will:  Carly  person  &  estate  is  00  02  10 
1     John  Johnson  person  &  estate  is  00  02  06 
1     Will:  Johnson  person  &  estate,  is  00  02  01 
1     Sam11:  Winship  person  &  estat  is  00  03  08 

N°.  persons  192     Total  sum  is  37  02  11 

The   foregoing  "List"  is  endorsed  "Cambridge  Rate,  £37.   2.  11. 
Jacob  Hill,  John  Wythe,  Joseph  Symons,  Constables." 


NUMBER  OF  PKOPLE  IN  CAMBRIDGE,  1777.1 

Between  the  Bridges.2 

Henry  Holden    ....         1  Nathaniel  Prentice         .         .         .3 

Jonas  Prentice       .         ...     1  Thomas  Prentice        ...         1 

Ebenezer  Wyeth        ...         4  Esq.  [Abraham]  Watson        .         .     3 

Col.  [Samuel]  Thatcher         .         .     2  Daniel  Watson  .         .  '      .        .         2 

Seth  Hastings    ....         3  Jacob  Watson        .         .         .         .2 

Thomas  Fayerweather  .         .         .2  Henry  Dickson  ....         1 

Judge  [Joseph]  Lee  ...         1  Samuel  Cook         .         .                  .1 

Col.  [Ebenezer]  Bridge          .         .     2  Edward  Dickson         ...         3 

Deac.  [Aaron]  Hill    ...         1  Walter  Dickson     .         .         .         .2 

James  Munroe        ...         .2  John  Dickson     ....         1 

Josiah  Moore     ....         1  Nathaniel  Kidder  .         ...     3 

Josiah  Mason         ....     2  Gideon  Frost      ....         2 

Corp1.  Prentice  ....         1  Torrey  Hancock    .         ...     1 

Jonas  Wyeth         .         ...     1  Samuel  Hastings         ...         1 

Widow  Wyeth  ....         4  John  Wyeth           ....     1 

Daniel  Prentice     .         .                  .     1  Nathaniel  Jarvis         ...         1 

Noah  Wyeth      ....         1  William  Bordman           .         .         .1 

John  Prentice        .         ...     1  Capt.  [John]  Walton          .         .         1 

Noah  Bowman  ....         2  Jotham  Walton     ....     1 

Thomas  Goddard  .         ...     1  John  Hastings    ....         1 

Mansfield  Tapley        ...         1  Moses  Richardson          .                 .1 

1    Rather,  number  of  ratable  polls.  2  In  the  present  city. 


STATISTICS. 


445 


Stewd.  [Jona.]  Hastings    . 

1     John  Manning 

John  Foxcroft        .... 

2     Owen  Warland  . 

"F  •  "t 

3     Doct.  [Francis]  Moore  . 

f.  i  \jo\j       .... 

John  Kidder           .... 

1     Samuel  Hicks     . 

William  Manning 

2     Edward  Prentice  . 

[Thomas]  Farrington    . 

3     Samuel  Hinds    .         .         .         . 

Samuel  Chandler 

1     James  Kettell 

Thomas  Barrett     .... 

1     Francis  Moore    .         .         .         . 

Stephen  Palmer 

3     Joseph  Cooke 

James  Read  ..... 

1     Judge  [Edmund]  Trowbridge     . 

Samuel  Hill        .... 

1     Rev.  Mr.  [Nathaniel]  Appleton 

Robert  Twadwell  .... 

1     Jonathan  Ireland 

Joseph  Welch    .... 

1     Hunt  &  Flagg 

Samuel  Champney 

1     Hubbard  Russell 

John  Wyman      .... 

1     Stephen  Sewall 

William  Manning  .... 

2     Rev.  Mr.  Wigglesworth 

Isaac  Bradish     .... 

2     George  Douglass    .         .         . 

Doct.  [William]  Kneeland 

1     Ye  President  [Langdon]     . 

William  Gamage 

4     Person  Smith 

Mr.  [John]  Winthrop    . 

O                                                                T}rt4-^VCT 

o                    jDciies       .          .          .          . 

Thomas  Hastings 

2     James  Frost  .... 

Ebenezer  Bradish 

1     Joseph  Read      .         .         .         . 

William  Darling 

1     Joseph  Eares 

William  Howe       .... 

1     Benjamin  Bird  .          .         .         . 

Mr.  [Thomas]  Marsh 

1     John  Baverick 

Deac.  [Samuel]  Whittemore 

2     Philemon  Hastings 

Capt.  [Ebenezer]  Stedman 

3     Ebenezer  Fessenden 

I^ael  Porter  ..... 

1     Nathaniel  Chad  wick  . 

John  Phillips,  Jr.        ... 

2 

Stephen  Randall    .... 

1                            Blacks,  9. 

Edward  Marrett 

1 

As  far  as 

Menotomy  Bridge. 

Deac.  Thomas  Hall 

1     Aaron  Swan       . 

Capt.  Ephraim  Frost 

2     Nathaniel  Swan 

Joseph  Wellington 

1     Solomon  Bowman 

William  Bowman 

1     Samuel  Russell 

James  Perry  ..... 

1     William  Cutler  .         .         .         . 

Ebenezer  Prentice 

1     Nehemiah  Cutter   . 

Ebenezer  Prentice,  Jr.  . 

1     William  Winship 

Stephen  Robbins 

3     Israel  Blackington  . 

Thomas  Williams  .... 

2     Deac.  Joseph  Adams  . 

Philip  Bemis       .... 

1     John  Cutter  .... 

Aaron  Williams     .... 

1     Ammi  Cutter      . 

Benjamin  Locke 

1     Thomas  Russell 

Samuel  Locke        .... 

1     Ebenezer  Swan  . 

Francis  Locke    .... 

1     Capt.  William  Adams    . 

Gregory  Hill  

1     Lieut.  Daniel  Brown  . 

Gershom  Cutter          .         .         . 

1     William  Whittemore 

Gershom  Cutter,  Jr. 

2     Samuel  Cutter    . 

.    1 

4 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

3 
.-  1 

1 
.  3 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  2 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 

155 


446 


HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 


Capt.  Thomas  Adams    . 
Edward  Wilson  . 
John  Winship 
Samuel  Russ 
Samuel  Hill    . 
Jason  Belknap   . 
Seth  Russell  . 
Joseph  Belknap 
Aaron  Cooke 
Zechariah  Hill'  . 
Capt.  Sam1.  Whittemore 
Thomas  Whittemore  . 
Samuel  Whittemore,  Jr. 
Thomas  Robbing 
William  Butterfield 
Thomas  Cutter  . 
John  Wilson  . 
Timothy  Swan   . 
Samuel  Frost 
Joseph  Frost 
Edward  Fillebrown 
Ephraim  Frost,  Jr. 
Abraham  Hill 
William  Hill       . 
John  Hill       . 
Samuel  Swan 
Joshua  Kendall 
George  Prentice 
Patten  Russell 
Samuel  Frost,  Jr. 
Solomon  Prentice  . 
Joseph  Locke     . 
William  Cutter      . 
Lemuel  Blanchard 


1  George  Swan 

2  Lieut.  Stephen  Frost 
1  Stephen  Cutter 

1  John  Adams 

1  William  Cutter 

1  Jeduthun  Wellington 

2  Moses  Hovey 

1  Benjamin  Cooper 

2  Jonathan  Robbins 
2  Seth  Stone 

1  Capt.  Samuel  Carter 

2  Josiah  Hall 

2  Thomas  Adams,  Jr. 

1  John  Cutter,  3d 

1  Thomas  Cutter 

1  Jonathan  Perry          . 

1  John  Locke  . 

1  Josiah  Wilson    . 

2  James  Frost 
2  John  Stone 

1  Jonathan  Locke     . 

1  John  Cutter,  Jr. 

2  Caleb  Hovey 

1  Francis  Locke,  Jr. 

1  Ephraim  Cooke    . 

t  Am  mi  Cutter     .         . 

1  William  Adams,  Jr. 

1  James  Locke 

2  Stephen  Locke 
1  John  Perry 

1  Ebenezer  Robbins 

1  Joseph  Shaw 

1 

1  Black,  1. 


.     1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 
.  1 

1 

122 


Number  of  Inhabitants  on  the  South  Side  of  Charles  River. 


Eliphalet  Robbins 
Josiah  Warren  . 
Seth  Brown  . 
Caleb  Child 
Cool  id  ge  Wood 
Benjamin  Baker 
Widow  Capen 
John  Ellis 
Thaddeus  Wyman 
Nehemiah  Fuller 
Henry  Coolidge    . 
Widow  Hood 
Edward  Jackson  . 


5  Widow  Smith  . 

6  Lois  Brown  . 

3  John  Wyman   . 

5  Jonathan  Fessenden 

4  Nathaniel  Sparhawk 

6  John  Dennie,  whites 

6  blacks,  2. 

3  James  Bryant    . 

4  William  Fuller      . 

5  Abijah  Learned 

2  Samuel  Learned    . 

2  Elijah  White      . 

8  James  Holton 


STATISTICS.  447 

Thomas  Thwinf  .         .         3     Jonathan  Park      .  .5 

O 

Nathaniel  Thwing         .         .  .6  Silas  Robbins    ....  5 

Nathaniel  Clark          ...  2  Benjamin  Faneuil,  Esq.,  white  .     4 

Jona.  Winship,  whites    .         .  .12                              blacks,  3. 

black,  1.  John  Tudor,  white      ...  4 

Mr.  Cocklin       ....  9                              black,  1. 

Ebenezer  Seaver  .         .  .9  Thomas  Sparhawk,  Esq.,  white  .     8 

Nathaniel  Wilton       ...  3                              black,  2. 

Caleb  Coolidge      .         .         .  .3  James  Robbins           ...  4 

Ezekiel  Comee  ....  5  Benjamin  Hill       ...  .7 

Samuel  Champney         .         .  .4  Phinehas  Robbins      ...  6 

Daniel  Dana       ....  4  David  Ross             .         ...     3 

Mr.  Wells A  Edmund  Horton         ...  6 

Benjamin  Dana          ...  6  Samuel  Sparhawk          .         .  .10 

Josiah  Sanderson           .         .  .2  Edward  Hastings,  white     .         .  7 

Moses  Robbins          ...  7                               black,  1. 

John  Stratton         .  .6  Moses  Griggs      ....  6 

Jonas  White     ....  2  Maj.  John  Gardner,  white     .  .     8 

Samuel  Zeagars,  white          .  .     8                               black,  2 

blacks,  2.  Ezra  Comee       ....  5 

Stephen  Dana     ....  4  Michael  Taylor      ....     3 

The  foregoing  enumeration  is  preserved  in  the  City  Clerk's 
Office.  It  is  manifest  that,  in  the  last  section,  the  whole  number 
of  inhabitants  is  included,  instead  of  ratable  polls  as  in  the  first 
and  second  sections.  On  a  separate  paper  in  the  same  file,  this 
memorandum  is  found :  "  The  whole  number  of  polls  on  the 
south  side  of  Charles  River  in  Little  Cambridge,  from  sixteen 
years  of  age  and  upwards,  66  whites,  4  blacks."  The  whole 
number  is :  — 

In  the  Town,  155  whites.  9  blacks. 

In  Menotomy,  122  whites.  1  black. 

South  side  of  the  River,     66  whites.  4  blacks. 


Total,  343  whites.  14  blacks. 

In  1781,  a  general  valuation  was  taken  of  the  property  in  the 
Commonwealth,  as  the  basis  of  a  State  tax.  The  Cambridge  List 
was  as  follows l :  — 

1  Mass.  Arch.,  clxi.,  p.  369. 


448 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Value  of 
Property. 

Income. 

417  Polls       

100s. 
30s. 
40s. 
80s. 
14s. 
3s. 
11s. 
6s. 
4s. 
80s. 

£6 
£7 
£4 
6s. 
12s. 

£.         s.       d. 

2  per  cent. 

990    00     00 
1314     00     00 
1309     00     00 
2496     00     00 
77     08     00 
78     12     00 
650     00     00 
101     06     08 
498     06     08 

£. 

1145 
369 
2 
16 
1012 
165 
427 
420 
704 
94 
397 

s.      d. 

00 
00 
00 

04 
09 
07 
12 
12 
16 
02 

246  Barns      

4  Distill-houses   Mills  &c  

1446  Acres  of  English  mowing      .... 
1003  Barrels  of  Cyder      

777  Acres  of  Tillage  land  

1402  Acres  of  salt  and  fresh  meadow     .     . 
3593  Acres  of  Pasturing       

1185  Acres  of  wood  and  unimproved  land 
£6619  Money  on  interest  and  on  hand      .     . 
£990  Amount  of  goods,  wares,   and   mer- 
chandise   

219  Horses    

187  Oxen               

6°4  Cows                

258  Sheep  and  Goats      

131  Swine     

£650  Coaches  chaise  &c  

20  Ounces  of  gold,  coined  or  not  coined 
1495  Ounces  of  silver,  coined  or  not  coined 

LIST  OF  VOTERS,1  March  18,  1822. 


Abbot,  James. 
Abbot,  Joseph. 
Adams,  Isaac. 
Allen,  Edward  F. 
Ames,  Simon. 
Appleton,  John. 
Ay  res,  James. 
Alexander,  Henry. 
Bangs,  Isaiah. 
Bard  well,  Seth. 
Barker,  John. 
Barker,  Mark. 
Barton,  Charles. 
Bates,  Jacob  H. 
Bates,  William. 
Beers,  Joseph. 
Bent,  Newell. 
Bigelow,  Benjamin. 
Bigelow,  Thaddeus  B. 
Biglow,  Abraham. 
Boardman,  Andrew. 
Board  man,  John. 
Boardman,  William. 
Bosworth,  Isaac. 


Bowman,  Benjamin. 
Brackett,  John. 
Brackett,  Joseph. 
Bradford,  Gamaliel  L. 
Bray  man,  Daniel  P. 
Brigham,  Lincoln. 
Brigham,  Taylor. 
Brooks,  Cyrus. 
Brown,  Edward. 
Brown,  William. 
Bruce,  Abel  W. 
Bruce,  Chandler. 
Bruce,  Sylvanus. 
Bryant,  Amos. 
Burridge,  Joseph. 
Burrows,  James. 
Butler,  Aaron. 
Brooks,  Calvin. 
Bogle,  William. 
Barnard,  Alpha. 
Barnard,  Silas. 
Baker,  George. 
Baxter,  Valentine. 
Cambridge,  Frederick. 


Carpenter,  Benjamin. 
Chamberlin,  Ephraim. 
Chamberlin,  John. 
Chaplin,  James  P. 
Cheney,  Artemas. 
Child,  James. 
Child,  Oliver  L. 
Child,  Samuel. 
Clark,  John. 
Cole,  John. 
Cole,  Richard  G. 
Cook,  John. 
Coolidge,  Flavel. 
Coolidge,  Josiah. 
Coolidge,  Nathaniel. 
Cox,  Samuel. 
Cox,  Samuel,  Jr. 
Crafts,  Joseph. 
Craggin,  John. 
Crane,  Nathan. 
Curtis,  Daniel  T. 
Cutler,  Samuel. 
Cutler,  Samuel  B. 
Cutter,  Nehemiah. 


1  For  this  list  of  voters,  prepared  by  the  Selectmen,  I  am  indebted  to  John  Liver- 
more,  Esq. 


STATISTICS. 


449 


Cutter,  William  F. 
Carter,  George. 
Child,  Nathan. 
Carter,  Nathan  C. 
Clark,  Hosea. 
Clark,  Horace. 
Daley,  David. 
Dana,  Edmund  T. 
Dana,  Joseph. 
Dana,  Joseph,  Jr. 
Dana,  Richard  H. 
Dane,  Joseph. 
Danforth,  Otis. 
Dascomb,  Daniel. 
Davenport,  John. 
Davis,  Asa. 
Davis,  Eliphalet. 
Derby,  Loring. 
Dickson,  Edward. 
Ditson,  Thomas. 
Dodge,  John. 
Dowse,  Thomas. 
Dudley,  Ephraim. 
Dunbar,  Alpheus. 
Dana,  Francis  W. 
Dudley,  John. 
Ditson,  William. 
Edwards,  Abraham. 
Edwards,  John. 
Emmet,  William. 
Everett,  Charles. 
Everett,  William. 
Ellis,  Benjamin. 
Fairfield,  Barney. 
Farrington,  Isaac. 
Farwell,  Levi. 
Faulkner,  Francis  E. 
Fay,  Samuel  P.  P. 
Felsit,  Harry. 
Fillebrown,  Richard. 
Fisher,  Jabez. 
Fisk,  Nathan. 
Fisk,  Rufus. 
Fisk,  William. 
Fogg,  Ebenezer. 
Ford,  Jonathan  W. 
Ford,  Simeon. 
Foster,  John. 
Foster,  Joseph. 
Foster,  Thomas. 
Freeman,  John. 


29 


Frost  James. 
Frost,  James,  2d. 
Frost,  William. 
Fuller,  J.  N. 
Fuller,  Oliver. 
Fuller,  Robert. 
Fuller,  Timothy. 
Ford,  Thomas. 
Farrar,  Jacob. 
Fairbanks,  Silas. 
Fay,  Isaac. 
Gary,  Jonathan. 
Gay,  Lusher. 
Gideon,  John. 
Gilson,  Asa. 
Gilson,  Simeon. 
Goddard,  Benjamin. 
Goddard,  Daniel. 
Goddard,  John. 
Goddard,  Nathaniel. 
Goddard,  Thomas. 
Goodenow,  Daniel. 
Gookin,  Squire. 
Gookin,  Thomas  T. 
Gordon,  Charles. 
Gorham,  Benjamin. 
Gould,  Camaralzaman. 
Grant,  Abraham. 
Gray,  Benjamin. 
Gray,  Lewis. 
Green,  John. 
Green,  Samuel  S. 
Green,  Zaccheus. 
Greenwood,  Henry. 
Gibbs,  John. 
Gray,  Samuel. 
Goodhue,  Nathaniel. 
Gannett,  Thomas  B. 
Hadley,  Israel. 
Hagar,  Jonathan. 
Hall,  Jesse. 
Hancock,  Samuel. 
Hancock,  Solomon. 
Hancock,  Torrey. 
Harlow,  Asaph. 
Harlow,  Joshua. 
Harris,  Benjamin. 
Harris,  Leonard. 
Harris,  Samuel. 
Hastings,  Charles. 
Hastings,  Edmund  T. 


Hastings,  John,  Jr. 
Hastings,  Joseph. 
Hastings,  Samuel. 
Hay  den,  John. 
Hayden,  John  C. 
Hayden,  Lot. 
Hearsey,  Jonathan. 
Hale,  Stephen. 
Hall,  Prentice. 
Holmes,  Abiel. 
Hearsey,  Jonathan,  Jr. 
Hemenway,  Luke. 
Higginson,  Stephen,  Jr. 
Hill,  Benjamin. 
Hill,  John. 
Hill,  Joseph. 
Hill,  Thomas. 
Hilliard,  Abraham. 
Billiard,  William. 
Hammond,  Shaw  B. 
Holmes,  Joseph. 
Hosmer,  Josiah. 
Hovey,  Ebenezer. 
Hovey,  Josiah. 
Hovey,  Phinehas  B. 
Hovey,  Samuel. 
Hovey,  Thomas,  Jr. 
Hovey,  William. 
Howe,  Joseph  N.,  Jr. 
Hunnewell,  Charles. 
Hunnewell,  Leonard. 
Hunnewell,  William. 
Hyde,  Jonathan. 
Howe,  Artemas  W. 
Henley,  Charles. 
Hayden,  Caleb. 
Hastings,  Thomas. 
Hastings,  Thomas,  Jrv 
Ireland,  Nathaniel. 
Jackson,  Jonathan, 
Jacobs,  Bela. 
Jewell,  Benjamin, 
Jarvis,  Deming. 
Jennings,  Gilbert. 
Jennison,  Timothy  L. 
Johnson,  Jonas. 
Johnson,  Josiah. 
Jennings,  Joseph. 
Johnson,  William. 
Johnson,  Moses.' 
Jewell,  Gilman. 


450 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Jordan,  Sylvanus. 
Keating,  Oliver. 
Keyes,  Ephraim. 
Keyes,  Joshua. 
Kidder,  Samuel. 
Kidder,  Samuel,  Jr. 
Kimball,  Henry. 
Kimball,  Isaac. 
King,  George. 
King,  Horatio. 
King,  Lemuel. 
Kuhn,  George. 
Kimball,  Joseph. 
Lawrence,  Jonas. 
Leach,  Thomas. 
Learned,  Benjamin  G. 
Leathe,  AVilliam. 
Lee,  Thomas. 
Lenox,  Charles. 
Lewis,  Adam. 
Litchfield,  Roland. 
Livermore,  David. 
Livermore,  David,  Jr. 
Livermore,  Isaac. 
Livermore,  Marshall. 
Livermore,  Nathaniel. 
Livermore,  Oliver. 
Lord,  Joseph  EL 
Lyon,  John. 
Lowell,  Charles. 
Lyon,  Isaac. 
Lyon,  Leonard, 
Lord,  Joseph  W. 
Lovell,  Joshua. 
Lyman,  Samuel  F. 
Lake,  Robert. 
Leonard,  Thomas. 
Linscott,  Samuel. 
Lowden,  George. 
Makepeace,  Royal. 
Manning,  Samuel. 
Manson,  Frederick. 
Marcy,  Marvin. 
Marshall,  Josiah  N. 
Mason,  Alphonso. 
Mason,  Josiah. 
Mason,  Josiah,  Jr. 
Mason,  Samuel. 
Mason,  Thomas. 
Mason,  Walter  R. 
Mclntire,  Charles. 


Meacham,  George. 
Mellen,  John. 
Meriam,  William. 
Merritt,  Gamaliel. 
Messenger,  Henry. 
Metcalf ,  Eliab  W. 
Metcalf,  Thomas. 
Miranda,  John. 
Mixer,  Josiah. 
Mixter,  Amos. 
Mixter,  Joshua. 
Moore,  Luke. 
Moore,  Lyman. 
Morse,  Calvin. 
Morse,  Cyrus. 
Morse,  Daniel. 
Morse,  Royal. 
Mumler,  George  F. 
Munroe,  Amos. 
Munroe,  Edmund. 
Munroe,  James. 
Munroe,  Nathaniel. 
Murdock,  Asa. 
Murdock,  Robert. 
Mycall,  John. 
Martin,  Samuel. 
Mallard,  George. 
Mclntire,  Jonathan. 
Mallard,  David. 
Manning,  Samuel,  Jr. 
Miller,  Joel. 
Meacham,  Albert. 
Nevens,  Elijah. 
Newton,  Abraham. 
Noble,  George. 
Nowell,  Henry. 
Norton,  Henry. 
Nowell,  Mark. 
Nowell,  James. 
Oakes,  Josiah. 
Oliver,  David. 
Orcutt,  Levi. 
Odin,  David. 
Oliver,  Daniel. 
Orcutt,  Henry. 
Orne,  John  G. 
Page,  Jacob. 
Page,  Jonathan. 
Palmer,  John. 
Parker,  Aaron. 
Parker,  Thomas  L. 


Parks,  Leonard. 
Parks,  Leonard,  Jr. 
Parmenter,  William. 
Peirce,  Abijah  H. 
Penn,  William. 
Pickett,  Samuel. 
Pond,  Samuel. 
Porter,  Israel. 
Porter,  Joseph. 
Prentiss,  Caleb. 
Prentiss,  Ellis. 
Prentiss,  Jonathan  C. 
Putnam,  Artemas. 
Page,  Isaac. 
Payson,  Samuel. 
Pay  son,  Samuel,  Jr. 
Peirce,  Artemas. 
Peirce,  Joseph. 
Pitts,  Edmund. 
Pratt,  Dexter. 
Priest,  Jonathan. 
Palmer,  Nathan. 
Rand,  Benjamin. 
Read,  James. 
Read,  Joel. 
Read,  Joseph  S. 
Read,  Lawrence. 
Reed,  Enos. 
Reemie,  Marcus. 
Reney,  William  L. 
Reynolds,  Nathaniel  S. 
Rice,  Charles. 
Rice,  Joseph  W. 
Richards,  Edward. 
Richardson,  Augustus. 
Richardson,  Loa. 
Rindge,  Samuel. 
Roberts,  Rufus. 
Ruggles,  John. 
Rule,  James. 
Russell,  Nathan. 
Russell,  John. 
Rand,  James. 
Richards,  Sullivan. 
Robertson,  John. 
Roulston,  George. 
Roundy,  Oliver. 
Rumrill,  Joseph. 
Russell,  Phinehas. 
Roby,  Ebenezer. 
Sales,  Francis. 


STATISTICS. 


451 


Saunders,  Richard. 
Saunders,  William. 
Sawin,  Joshua. 
Sawyer,  Franklin. 
Sawyer,  Samuel  F. 
Scott,  Ebenezer  B. 
Scott,  Nathaniel. 
Seaver,  Richard. 
Short,  Thomas  W. 
Skinner,  Benjamin. 
Slocomb,  Emmons. 
Smith,  Billings. 
Smith,  Jacob. 
Smith,  Ralph. 
Soper,  Frederick. 
Southwick,  Simeon. 
Stearns,  Asahel. 
Stebbins,  Smith. 
Stedman,  Ebenezer. 
Stedman,  Samuel. 
Stevens,  Atherton  H. 
Stimson,  James. 
Stimson,  Royal. 
Stone,  Abraham. 
Stone,  Daniel. 
Stone,  William  F. 
Snyder,  John. 
Sherman,  Abraham  P. 
Sherman,  Prentice. 
Snow,  Joseph. 
Summers,  Samuel  S. 
Stevens,  Alexander. 
Stone,  Ezra. 


Studley,  George. 
Tarbell,  John. 
Tarbell,  Samson. 
Teel,  Arnmi  C. 
Thayer,  Richard. 
Tidd,  John. 
Thayer,  Cephas  P. 
Train,  Isaac. 
Trowbridge,  John. 
Tufts,  Peter,  Jr. 
Tupper,  Hiram. 
Tainter,  William  C. 
Taylor,  Daniel  G. 
Taylor,  Coffin. 
Taylor,  David  G. 
Tilley,  John. 
Tirrell,  Ebenezer. 
Turner,  Barnabas. 
Valentine,  Elijah  F. 
Walton,  Charles. 
Walton,  John. 
Walton,  John,  2d. 
Ward,  Winthrop. 
Wadsworth,  Ira. 
Ware,  Galen. 
Warland,  John. 
Warland,  Thomas. 
Warland,  William. 
Waterhouse,  Benjamin. 
Waters,  Thomas. 
Watson,  Jacob. 
Watson,  Samuel. 
Watson,  Samuel,  2d. 


Wetherbee,  Jeremiah. 
Weld,  John. 
Wellington,  Joel. 
Wheeler,  Edward. 
Wheeler,  John. 
Whipple,  William  J. 
Whitney,  Abel. 
Whitney,  Zaccheus. 
Wilde,  Daniel. 
Willard,  Abel. 
W'illard,  Charles. 
Williams,  Amasa. 
Williams,  John. 
Winthrop,  William. 
Worcester,  Joseph  E. 
Wryeth,  Jacob. 
Wyeth,  Job. 
Wyeth,  Jonas. 
Wyeth,  Jonas,  2d. 
White,  Sewall. 
Wheelock,  L.  J. 
Walker,  Edward. 
Winchester,  William. 
Wells,  Thomas. 
Warner,  Stephen. 
Wallace,  James. 
Whitney,  Stephen. 
Woodbury,  John. 
Wyeth,  Stephen. 
Wyman,  William. 
York,  Uriah. 


For  nearly  two  hundred  years  after  its  foundation,  Cambridge 
increased  very  slowly  in  population  and  wealth.  Most  of  the  in- 
habitants were  employed  in  agriculture  and  ordinary  handicraft. 
The  "New  England  Glass  Company,"  established  about  1814, 
and  sundry  "  soap  factories,"  represented  almost  the  entire 
manufacturing  interest  of  the  town.  The  College  gave  employ- 
ment to  several  professors,  mechanics,  and  boarding-house  keep- 
ers ;  and  there  was  a  competent  supply  of  professional  men  and 
retail  traders.  In  those  early  days  the  municipal  affairs  were 
very  economically  administered.  The  school-houses  and  other 
public  buildings  were  few  and  inexpensive  ;  the  streets  and  side- 
walks were  neglected  and  unlighted ;  thorough  sewerage  was  un- 
known ;  the  members  of  the  fire  department  were  volunteers ; 
and  the  police  consisted  of  one  constable  in  each  of  the  three 


452 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


principal  villages.  As  the  result  of  this  self-denying  system,  the 
inhabitants  enjoyed  a  grateful  immunity  from  excessive  taxation. 
In  1830  (near  the  close  of  the  second  century  of  its  corporate 
existence),  with  1,514  polls,  and  property  valued  at  $3,061,570, 
the  town  levied  a  tax  of  $8,387.88,  at  the  rate  of  $2.26  on  $1,000, 
to  defray  its  current  expenses.  Even  in  1840,  the  rate  was  only 
$2.77  on  $1,000 ;  but  in  that  year  the  Committee  on  Finance 
uttered  a  warning  voice  against  a  ruinous  system,  then  recently 
introduced  :  "  There  has  been  expended  within  the  last  six  years 
$40,000  more  than  has  been  raised  by  taxation."  The  town  debt 
was  then  $36,600  ;  it  reached  its  highest  point,  $41,527.41,  in 
1842 ;  after  which  it  was  reduced  to  $22,000  in  1846,  when  the 
town  became  a  city.  Meantime,  an  increase  of  population  and 
wealth  commenced,  which  from  year  to  year  became  more  rapid. 
Various  manufactures  were  introduced,  giving  employment  to 
many  workmen.  Merchants,  mechanics,  and  others,  transacting 
business  in  Boston,  adopted  Cambridge  as  a  residence.  With 
this  increase  came  naturally  a  demand  for  public  improvements 
and  increased  expenditures.  Unwisely,  instead  of  postponing 
such  improvements,  or  making  them  gradually  and  paying  for 
them  when  made,  the  policy  was  adopted  of  making  them  rapidly 
and  extensively,  and  providing  for  the  expense  by  the  creation  of 
a  City  Debt.  The  following  tables  exhibit  the  increase  of  popu- 
lation and  wealth,  and  the  much  larger  increase  of  taxation  and 
debt. 

POPULATION.1 


1765, 

1,571. 

1820, 

3,295. 

1860, 

26,060. 

1776, 

1,586. 

1830, 

6,072. 

1865, 

29,112. 

1790, 

2,115. 

1840, 

8,409. 

1870, 

39,634. 

1800, 

2,453. 

1845, 

12,490. 

1875, 

47,838. 

1810, 

2,323.2 

1850, 

15,215. 

1  According  to  the  United  States  Cen- 
sus, except  1765,  1776,  1865,  and  1875, 
which  are  according  to  the  State  Census, 
and  1845,  which  was  taken  by  the  Asses- 
sors in  that  year. 


2  Between  1800  and  1810,  West  Cam- 
bridge and  Brighton  were  separated  from 
Cambridge. 


STATISTICS. 


453 


Polls. 

Valuation. 

Rate 
per  51,000. 

City  Tax: 

City  Debt. 

1846 

3,224 

$9,312,481 

$5.00 

$46,122.59 

$22,000.00 

1847 

3,387 

9,806,539 

5.40 

52,760.08 

43,861.27 

1848 

3,639 

10,476,230 

5.50 

55,967.53 

51,661.27 

1849 

3,720 

10,667,272 

6.30 

64,964.79 

63,661.27 

1850 

3,436 

11,469,618 

6.30 

68,809.16 

91,661.27 

1851 

4,010 

12,392,440 

6.30 

73,478.70 

116,780.27 

1852 

4,044 

13,175,257 

7.50 

94,252.19 

134,800.00 

1853 

4,298 

13,599,360 

6.50 

82,522.26 

147,903.68 

1854 

4,648 

15,437,100 

7.10 

108,604.53 

146,600.00 

1855 

4,277 

16,111,700 

7.60 

110,941.73 

134,100.00 

1856 

4,806 

18,038,650 

7.70 

125,790.88 

207,100.00 

1857 

5,323 

20,148,150 

8.00 

140,892.05 

240,692.00 

1858 

4,974 

20,261,850 

9.10 

175,652.74 

250,692.00 

1859 

5,572 

20,603,000 

8.60 

168,415.93 

237,092.00 

1860 

5,629 

21,280,700 

9.00 

182,977.40 

257,508.40 

1861 

5,990 

21,687,700 

9.50 

188,940.08 

250,670.07 

1862 

5,615 

21,527,100 

10.00 

169,974.72 

501,224.28 

186.3 

5,775 

22,549,200 

11.00 

189,702.92 

603,736.28 

1864 

6,289 

23,271,500 

11.50 

210,969.23 

830,236.28 

1865 

6,594 

26,085,900 

15.00 

267,724.60 

853,092.00 

1866 

7,253 

28,385,700 

13.20 

293,562.40 

871,092.00 

1867 

7,807 

31,853,500 

15.30 

351,282.98 

1,161,900.22 

1868 

8,196 

34,093,800 

13.80 

413,214.43 

1,262,072.01 

1869 

8,933 

39,210,900 

14.00 

478,136.10 

1,389,082.50 

1870 

9,435 

43,097,200 

14.00 

533,544.40 

1,671,072.40 

1871 

10,323 

46,859,800 

15.60 

674,808.92 

1,970,082.40 

1872 

10,867 

55,248,350 

12.00 

592,165.46 

2,184,584.42 

1873 

11,687 

62,421,215 

13.50 

741,500.00 

3,126,656.91 

1874 

11,983 

66,576,671 

12.50 

757,508.36 

4,399,066.02 

1875 

11,983 

66,623,415 

17.00 

1,060,396.52 

4,676,360.73 

Of  this  debt  $1,395,200  represents  what  is  styled  the  Water 
Loan,  which  the  income  of  the  Water  Works  is  expected  grad- 
ually to  extinguish  ;  and  $25,000  represents  certain  perpetual 
funds,  on  which  interest  only  is  to  be  paid.  These  two  sums 
being  deducted,  there  remains  — 

A  balance  of  outstanding  debt $3,256,160.73 

For  the  payment  of  this  debt,  Sinking  Funds  are  pro- 
vided, amounting  nominally  to  605,011.99 

Balance  to  be  provided  for  by  taxation $2,651,148.74 

A  more  particular  statement  of  the  debt,  at  the  close  of  the 
financial  year,  1876,  is  made  in  the  Mayor's  Address,  Jan.  1, 
1877:- 

"  The  total  debt  of  the  City,  November  20,  1876,  is  shown  by 
the  following  exhibit :  — 


454  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

Note  of  the  City $30,000.00 

City  Bonds    .     . 3,186,000.00 

-  $3,216,000.00 

f  Daniel  White  Charity     .     .     .       5,000.00 
Trust  Funds  •)  Dowse  Institute 10,000.00 

(  Sanders  Temperance  Fund      .     10,000.00 

25,000.00 

State  and  County  Tax 84,426.47 

Unpaid  approved  bills 3,883.08 

Unpaid  interest,  due 565.00 

Water  Loan 1,500,300.00 

Gross  amount  of  outstanding  debts $4,830,174.55 

"  Towards  the  payment  of  this  debt  there  was,  November  30, 
1876,  in  the  hands  of  the  — 

Commissioners  of  the  Sinking  Funds  of  the  City  (not  in- 
cluding the  premium  —  $14,080.00  —  paid  on  securities 
purchased  for  investment  of  the  funds,  as  has  been  the 
custom  heretofore) 531,945.85 

Trustees  of  the  Sinking  Funds  of  the  Cambridge  Water 

Works,  June  30,  1876 179,441.33 

City  Treasurer,  cash 27,157.58 

738,544.76 


Leaving  the  total  net  debt  of  the  City  November  30, 1876,  $4,091,629.79 

•  * 

"  Deducting  the  Water  Loans  from  the  net  amount  of  debt,  as 
before  stated,  we  have  as 

The  real  Municipal  Debt,  November  30,  1876,  for  which 

provision  must  be  made  by  taxation $2,770,771.12 

"  To  pay  the  interest,  and  provide  for  the  Sinking  Funds  upon 
this  portion  of  the  debt,  there  must  be  raised  by  taxation  this 
year  the  sum  of  8188,162.50  for  interest,  and  $155,265.00  for 
the  Sinking  Fund,  making  a  total  of  $343,427.50,  equal  to  more 
than  $5.50  per  thousand  on  the  valuation  of  the  City,  as  deter- 
mined last  year." 


STATISTICS. 


455 


CENSUS   OF  MASSACHUSETTS  -  1875.1 
MANUFACTURES  AND  BELATED  OCCUPATIONS. 

MIDDLESEX   COUNTY.    CITY  OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


NAMES  OF  INDUSTRIES. 


MANUFACTURES. 

Artists'  Materials 2 

Barrels 1 

Barrels  and  Harnesses 2 

Boats 1 

Boilers,  Tanks,  etc 2 

Boots  and  Shoes 7 

Bookbinding 2 

Book  and  Pamphlet  Printing  ...  3 

Bread,  Cake,  and  Pastry     ....  13 

Bricks 7 

Brittania  Ware,   Stationers'  Hard- 
ware, etc 1 

Brooms 2 

Brushes    3 

Buildings 8 

Carriages,  Wagons,  Sleighs,  etc.      .  9 

Car  Springs 1 

Car  Wheels 1 

Cigars 12 

Clothing,  Men's 6 

Coffins,  Robes,  etc 2 

Collars  and  Cuffs,  Paper    ....  1 

Confectionery  and  Ice  Cream      .     .  5 

Cordage 3 

Crackers 2 

Diaries 1 

Drain  Pipe,  Chimney -Tops,  etc.      .  1 

Earthenware 2 

Engine  Polish,  Boiler  Composition, 

etc 1 

Fishing  Rods 1 

Furniture,  House,  Church,  and  Office  10 

Furnace  Registers  and  Borders   .     .  1 

Gas 1 

Glass  Ware 2 

Glass  Syringes,  Tubes,  etc.     ...  1 

Hardware 1 

Hats  and  Bonnets,  Women's  ...  1 

Ice 2 

Iron  Castings 1 

Iron,  Rolled 1 

Ladders,  Steps,  Clothes-Driers,  etc.  2 

Leather 5 

Lumber,  Planed,  etc 1 

Machinery 4 

Mats,  Door 1 

Medicines,  Proprietary 2 

Monuments,  Mantels,  Tablets,  etc.  .  7 

Mouldings,  Brackets,  Boxes,  etc.     .  3 

Newspapers,  Magazines,  etc.   ...  6 

Oil  Clothing  and  Water-proof  Hats  1 

*  Copied  from  advance  sheets,  kindly  furnished  by  lion 
of  Statistics  of  Labor. 


Number  of 
Establish- 
ments. 


Capital 
Invested. 


$400 

30,000 

57,500 

2,500 

55,000 

3,150 

72,000 

420,000 

46,800 

513,000 

30,000 
1,500 

90,000 
105,000 

55,500 
6,000 

20,000 

12,300 

14,550 
100,500 
140,000 

22,081 
650 

92,000 
130,000 

10,000 

60,700 

500 
50 

150,300 

3,000 

950,000 

500,000 

500 

10,000 

500 

125,000 

10,000 

160,000 

15,000 

110,000 

10,000 

386,000 

4,000 

108,000 

91,500 

265,000 

35,000 

9,000 


Value  of  Good 

made  and  Work 

done. 


$2,672 

201,000 

56,650 

18,000 

180,550 

9,135 

435,300 

551,000 

261,222 

249,275 

33,000 

9,375 

221,000 

377,500 

83,885 

12,000 

34,000 

49,978 

79,900 

175,350 

550,000 

131,375 

9,700 

500,000 

150,000 

75,000 

60,000 

5,000 

1,050 

616,837 

8,725 

248,100 

370,500 

5,000 

15,750 

800 

32,500 

40,000 

420,000 

10,500 

605,646 

50,000 

480,493 

8,000 

1 70,000 

138,080 

231,000 

103,600 

35,000 


Carroll  D.  Wright,  Chief  of  the  Bureau 


456  HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

MANUFACTURES  AND   BELATED   OCCUPATIONS  —  (Continued.) 


NAMES  OP  INDUSTRIES. 


Number  of 
Establish- 
ments. 


Capital 
Invested. 


Value  of  Goods 

made  and  Work 

done. 


Oleomargarine  and  Stearine   ...  1 

Organs,  Cabinet  and  Church  ...  3 

Patterns,  Wooden 1 

Photographs 1 

Piano-fortes 1 

Piano-forte  Actions 2 

Piano  and  Organ  Key-boards      .     .  1 

Piano  Taborets 1 

Picture-Frames 3 

Pocket  Books 1 

Printing,  Job 3 

Pumps,  Wooden 1 

Roofing  Cement 2 

Rum 1 

Sausages 3 

Shirts,  Cuffs,  and  Collars    ....  1 

Shirts,  Overalls,  and  Jumpers     .     .  1 

Slippers 1 

Soap,  Tallow,  and  Candles      ...  9 

Spring  Beds  and  Cots 2 

Stair  Rails,  Balusters,  etc.      ...  2 

Steel  Engravings 1 

Sugar,  Refined 1 

Telescopes 1 

Tinware 5 

Trunks  and  Valises 1 

Tools,  for  Ice  Cutting 2 

Wood,  sawed  and  turned     ....  1 
Washstands     and    Woodwork     for 

Sewing-machines 1 

Whips 1 

OCCUPATIONS. 

Bell-hanging 1 

Blacksmithing 23 

Bookbinding 1 

Building  Moving 2 

Butchering 1 

Cabinet  Making  and  Repairing   .     .  1 

Carpentry  and  Joinery 26 

Carpet,  Feather,  and  Hair  Cleansing  1 

Carriage  Trimming 4 

Carriage  Painting 7 

Carriage  Smithing 4 

Chair,  Cane-seating 5 

Clock  Repairing 4 

Clothes  Cleaning,  etc 6 

Clothing,  repairing  and  remodelling  9 

Coat  Making 1 

Cobbling 36 

Coffin  and  Casket  Trimming  ...  1 

Coopering 2 

Drain  Building 2 

Dressmaking 6 

Fruit  Preserving 1 

Funeral  Wreath  Preserving    ...  1 

Furniture  Repairing 6 

Fur  Skin  Dyeing 1 


50,000 

571,000 

200 

5,000 

10,000 

12,000 

33,000 

400 

5,300 

1,000 

21,000 

300 

6,000 

45,000 

5,500 

550 

1,000 

10,000 

168,500 

18,000 

4,500 

2,000 

20,000 

204,850 

3,000 

4,500 

65,000 

700 
300 


100 
25,815 

500 
4,000 
5,000 

25,760 

4,600 

325 

2,700 

2,300 

98 

110 

50 

4,025 

4,745 

6,000 

4,500 

12,000 

190 

25,000 

25 

720 

50 


69,000 

1,036,000 

1,000 

15,000 

6,060 

33,200 

137,604 

4,000 

10,700 

6,195 

27,500 

250 

17,500 

199,347 

31,000 

7,500 

4,000 

120,000 

928,800 

51,300 

22,550 

4,000 

4,000,000 

10,000 

321,068 

14,800 

9,790 

80,000 

1,550 
1,200 


800 

102,262 

5,000 

11,999 

200,000 

400 

182,070 

4,300 

2,750 

9,600 

10,500 

1,100 

1,500 

1,930 

7,342 

800 

26,463 

9,000 

55,000 

26,773 

5,050 

12,000 

300 

2,850 

250 


STATISTICS.  457 

MANUFACTURES  AND  RELATED  OCCUPATIONS—  (Continued). 


NAMES  OP  INDUSTRIES. 


Number  of 
Establish- 
ments. 


Capital 
Invested. 


Value  of  Goods 

made  and  Work 

done. 


Gilding 1 

Glazing 6 

Ham  Curing 1 

Hair  Work,  etc. 2 

Harness  and  Saddle  Repairing    .     .  10 

Horseshoeing 4 

House  Painting 8 

House  and  Sign  Painting  ....  1 

Japanning 1 

Jewelry  Repairing 8 

Lard  Rendering 1 

Locksmithing  and  Bell-hanging  .     .  2 

Machinists'  Work 2 

Machine  Stitching  and  Sewing    .     .  3 

Masoning 5 

Marble  Finishing 1 

Marble  Sawing 1 

Millinery  Work 9 

Organ-pipe  Making  and  Repairing  .  1 

Painting 9 

Paper  and  Wood  Hanging      ...  6 

Paving 1 

Photographing 1 

Piano  Hammer  Covering    ....  1 

Picture  Framing 1 

Plastering 5 

Plumbing 12 

Roofing 5 

Sign  Painting 3 

Stair  Building 1 

Steam  and  Gas  Fitting 6 

Stone  Cutting  and  Dressing    ...  4 

Tailoring 2 

Tinsmithing 16 

Upholstering 7 

Varnishing  and  Polishing  ....  2 

Watch  Repairing 10 

Wheelwrighting 9 

Whitening  and  Coloring    ....  4 


AGGREGATES. 


Manufactures  (goods  made) 
Occupations  (work  done)  . 


211 
321 


536 


100 

150 

5,000 

4,600 

1,700 

8,500 

200 

330 

15,000 

1,200 

10,500 

75 

6,300 

3,000 

3,000 

.  1,750 

200 

7,750 

6,230 

75,000 

800 

500 

300 

250 

25,070 

19,500 

110 

1,000 

7,350 

24,000 

500 

21,150 

15,575 

1,400 

2,120 

6,100 

50 


$6,033,081 
383,473 

$6,686,554 


500 

2,000 
25,000 
850 
18,830 
13,800 
54,925 

2,500 
200 

1,790 
35,000 

2,700 

35,000 

320 

44,274 

8,000 

7,500 
10,238 

1,500 
39,500 

6,327 
135,000 

1,800 

6,000 
750 

8,945 
80,946 
43,200 

1,320 

6.000 
12,800 
95,000 

2,200 

67,246 

76,250 

600 

8,450 
14,300 

1,450 


$15,229,765 
1,561,555 

$16,971,320 


458 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 
AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTS.1 


Value. 


Apples bush.,  50 

Beans,  String  and  Shell bush.,  300 

Beets bush.,  200 

Cabbage heads,  6,500 

Carrots bush.,  100 

Corn,  green bush.,  90 

Flowers,  Leaves,  and  Vines,  cut    .... 

Fodder,  corn tons,  2 

Grapes bush.,  6 

Hay,  English tons,  36 

Hay,  meadow tons,  9 

Hay,  salt tons,  20 

Lettuce heads,  2,000 

Melons 1,000 

Milk gals.,  2,400 

Onions bush.,  185 

Parsnips bush.,  150 

Pears bush.,  2,900 

Pease,  green bush.,  75 

Peppers bush.,  30 

Plants,  flowering  and  other,  in  greenhouses 

Potatoes,  Irish bush.,  275 

Radishes b'ches,  3,000 

Raspberries qts.,  1,150 

Shrubbery  in  nurseries 10,000 

Squashes Ibs.,  18,000 

Tomatoes bush.,  400 

Trees,  Fruit,  in  nurseries 15,000 

Trees,  Ornamental,  in  nurseries    ....  40,000 

Turnips bush.,  100 

Vines  in  nurseries 6,000 

AGGKEGATES. 

Hay,  65  tons 

Other  Agricultural  Products 


$50 

300 

100 

300 

50 

80 

25,000 

40 

24 

800 

136 

300 

40 

100 

600 

200 

100 

7,200 

100 

30 

21,800 

260 

150 

210 

5,000 

375 

200 

15,000 

5,000 

30 

3,500 


$1,236 
85,839 


$87,075 


1  Over  and  above  home  consumption. 


CHAPTER  XXIII. 

CIVIL    OFFICERS. 

THE  following  list  of  civil  officers,  resident  in  Cambridge,  is 
compiled  chiefly  from  official  records. 

VICE-PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 
Elbridge  Gerry,  1813,  1814. 

GOVERNORS. 

Thomas  Dudley,  1634.1  Elbridge  Gerry,  1810,  181 1.8 

John  Haynes,  1635.8 

• 

DEPUTY  OR  LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS. 

Thomas  Dudley,  1630-1633.1  Spencer  Phips,  1 732-1 757.6 

Thomas  Danforth,  1679-1692.4  Thomas  Oliver,  1774.6 

ASSISTANTS  UNDER  THE  FIRST  CHARTER. 

Simon  Bradstreet,  1630-1636.7  Herbert  Pelham,  1645-1649. 

Thomas  Dudley,  1635,  1636.1  Daniel  Gookin,  1652-1675,  1677-1686. 

John  Haynes,  1634,  1636.  Thomas  Danforth,  1659-1678. 
Roger  Harlakenden,  1636-1638. 

COUNCILLORS  UNDER  THE  SECOND  CHARTER. 

Thomas  Danforth,  1693-1699.  Thomas  Oliver,  1715.8 

John  Leverett,  1 706.  Spencer  Phips,  1 721-1 723, 1 725-1 782. 

1  Held  one  or  other  of   these  offices  11,  1749,  to  Aug.  7,  1753,  and  from  Sept. 
every  year,  residing  elsewhere,  until   he  25,  1756,  until  he  died,  April  4,  1757. 
died,  July  31,  1653.  6  Left  the  country  at  the  Revolution. 

2  Afterwards  for  many  years  Governor        7  Mr.   Bradstreet,   residing  elsewhere, 
of  Connecticut.  remained  in  the  office  of  Assistant  until 

8  He  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Dec-  1778,  when  he  was  elected  Deputy  Gover- 

laration   of  Independence.     He  was  de-  nor;   in  1679  he  was  elected  Governor, 

feated   as   a  candidate  for   Governor  in  and  held   that  office  until  1692,  except 

1812,   but   before   the  end  of  that  year  during  the  administration  of  Andros.    He 

was  elected  Vice-president  of  the  United  was  a  member  of  the  Council  under  the 

States,  in  which  office  he  died,  November  Second  Charter,  but  retired  in  1693,  after 

23,  1814.  sixty-three  years'  continuous  official  ser- 

4  Except  during  the  administration  of  vice,  with  the  exception  before  named. 

Andros.  8  Died  in  office,  October  31,  or  Novem- 

6  He  was  acting  Governor  during  the  ber  1,  1715. 
absence  of  Governor  Shirley,  from  Sept. 


460 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Jonathan  Remington,  1730-1740. 
Francis  Foxcroft,  1732-1757. 
Samuel  Danforth,  1739-1774. 
William  Brattle,  1755-1 7 73.1 


Edmund  Trowbridge,  1764,  1765. 
John  Winthrop,  1773,  1775,  1776. 
Francis  Dana,  1776-1779. 


MANDAMUS  COUNCILLORS,  1774. 


Thomas  Oliver. 
Samuel  Danforth. 


Joseph  Lee. 

All  resigned  in  Sept.  1774. 


COUNCILLORS   UNDER   THE  CONSTITUTION. 


Aaron  Hill,  1810,  1811,  1824,  1825. 
Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  1818,  1819. 
Timothy  Fuller,  1828. 


Sidney  Willard,  1837,  1838. 
Albion  K.  P.  Welch,  1868. 


SENATORS  UNDER  THE  CONSTITUTION. 


Elbridge  Gerry,  1793. 
Aaron  Hill,   1797,1801-1808. 
William  Winthrop,  1 799. 
Timothy  Fuller,  1813-1816. 
Asahel  Stearns,  1830,  1831. 
Sidney   Willard,    1834,    1835,    1839, 

1840. 

William  Parmenter,  1836. 
Francis  Bowman,  1837. 
Levi  Farwell,  1838. 
John  P.  Tarbell,  1842. 
Isaac  Livermore,  1844,  1845. 
Joseph  T.   Buckingham,    1846-1848, 

1850,  1851. 


John  Sargent,  1849,  1876. 
Anson  Burlingame,  1852. 
Zebina  L.  Raymond,  1855,  1856. 
J.  M.  S.  Williams,  1859. 
Stephen  T.  Farwell,  1860. 
John  C.  Dodge,   1862. 
Knowlton  S.  Chaff ee,  1868. 
Estes  Howe,  1869,  1871. 
Robert  O.  Fuller,  1872,  1873. 
Ezra  Parmenter,  1874,  1875. 
Charles  T.  Russell,  1877. 


REPRESENTATIVES  IN  THE  GENERAL  CouRT.2 


William  Goodwin,  1634. 

William  Spencer,  1634-1638. 

John  Talcott,  1634-1636. 

John  Steele,  1635. 

Matthew  Allen,  1636. 

George  Cooke,  1636,  1642-1645.8 

Clement  Chaplin,   1636. 

Joseph  Cooke,  1636-1641. 

Nicholas  Danforth,  1636,  1637. 

Richard   Jackson,    1637-1639,    1641, 

1648,  1653,  1655,  1661,  1662. 
John  Bridge,  1637-1639,  1641. 
Joseph  Isaac,  1638. 
Gregory  Stone,  1638. 

1  Negatived  by  the  Governor  in  1759. 

2  Styled    Deputies,    under    the    First 
Charter. 


Samuel  Shepard,  1639,  1640,    1644, 

1645. 
Nath.  Sparhawk,    1642-1644,     1646, 

1647. 

Edward  Goffe,  1646,  1650. 
Edward    Jackson,    1647-1654,    1656, 

1665-1668,1675,  1676. 
Daniel  Gookin,  1649,  1651. 4 
Edward  Collins,  1654-1670. 
Thomas  Danforth,  1657,  1658. 
Edward    Oakes,    1659,    1660,    1669- 

1681. 
Edward  Winship,  1663,  1664,   1681- 

1686. 

8  Speaker  in  1645. 
4  Speaker  in  1651. 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


461 


Joseph  Cooke  [2d],  1671,  1676-1680. 
Thomas  Prentice,  1672-1674. 
John  Stone,  1682,  1683. 
Samuel  Champney,   1686,  1689-1692, 

1694,  1695. 

David  Fiske,  1689,  1697. 
Thomas     Oliver,    1692,     1693,    1698, 

1701-1713. 
John    Leverett,    1696,    1699,     1700, 

1706.1 
Jona.  Remington,  1714,   1715,  1717, 

1718,  1722-1728. 

Edmund  Goffe,  1716,  1720,  1721. 
Andrew  Bordman,  1719,  1720. 
Spencer  Phip?,  1721. 
William    Brattle,     1729-1733,     1735, 

1736,  1754,  1755,  1770. 
Samuel  Danforth,   1734,    1735,    1737, 

1738. 

John  Vassall,  1739,  1740,  1747. 
Samuel  Bowman,  1741. 
Andrew    Bordman  [2d],    1742-1751, 

1757-1768. 
Edmund      Trowbridge,      1750-1752, 

1755,  1763,  1764. 
Henry  Vassall,  1752,  1756. 
William  Fletcher,  1753,  1754. 
David  Phips,  1  753. 
Henry  Prentice,  1 756. 
Joseph  Lee,  1764,  1765. 
Thomas  Gardner,  1769-1774. 
John  Winthrop,  1774. 
Abraham  Watson,  Jr.,  1775,  1776. 
Samuel  Thatcher,   1775,   1776,   1779, 

1782,  1784-1786. 
William  Bowman,  1776. 
Eliphalet  Robbins,  1776. 
Stephen  Sewall,  1777. 
Stephen  Dana,  1778,  1787,  1788,  1792. 

1793. 

Thomas  Farrington,  1780. 
Jeduthun     Wellington,     1788,     1793, 

1794,  1800-1802,  1804-1806.   . 
Aaron  Hill  [Deac.],  1789,  1790. 
Ebenezer  Bradish,  1791. 
Aaron  Hill  [Dr.],  1795-1800. 
Joseph  Bartlett,  1801. 

1  Speaker  in  1700. 

2  Mr.  Austin  was  Secretary  of  State, 
1806-1807,  and  State  Treasurer,  1811. 


Jonathan  L.  Austin,  1803,  1806.2 

Daniel  Mason,  1804-1806. 

William  Whittemore,  1804-1806. 

Nathaniel  P.  Watson,  1807. 

Samuel  Butterfield,  1807. 

Josiah  Mason,  1807. 

Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  1808-1812,  1815- 

1818,  1820. 

John  Mellen,  1808-1812. 
William  Hilliard,  1811-1817,  1821, 

1822,  1827, 1834. 
Royal  Makepeace,  1813,  1814,  1818, 

1827-1830. 

James  P.  Chaplin,  1819. 
Richard  H.  Dana,  1819. 
Levi  Farwell,  1823-1825,  1833-1835, 

1844. 

Newell  Bent,  1824-1826. 
Deming  Jarvis,  1824. 
Timothy    Fuller,8  1825,    1827,    1828, 

1831. 

Ephraim  Buttrick,  1825,  1827,  1828. 
Isaac  Train,  1826. 
William  J.  Whipple,  1826,  1828-1834, 

1836-1838. 

William  Parmenter,  1829. 
Francis  Dana,  1829. 
John  Trowbridge,  1829,  1834. 
Ralph  Smith,  1829,  1835,  1837. 
Benjamin  Bigelow,  1830,  1835. 
James  Hayward,  1830-1832,  1835. 
Jesse  Hall,  1830. 

Abraham  P.  Sherman,  1830,  1831. 
Thomas  Whittemore,  1831-1833, 1836, 

1837. 

Levi  Parker,  1831,  1834,  1836. 
Josiah  Mason,  Jr.,  1832. 
Samuel  King,  1832,  1833. 
Amasa  Davies,  1832-1834. 
Sidney  Willard,  1833,  1837,  1843. 
Charles  Everett,  1833. 
Robert  Fuller,  1834. 
Thomas  B.  Gannett,  1834,  1835,  1837, 

1838. 

Luther  Brooks,  1835-1839. 
Eliab  W.  Metcalf,  1835. 
Jos.  T.  Buckingham,  1836,  1838,  1839. 

8  Speaker,  1825. 


462 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Isaac    Livermore,    1836,    1838,    1841, 

1842,  1849. 

Charles  C.  Little,  1836,  1837. 
Abraham  Edwards,  1836. 
Enos  Reed,  1837. 

Ezekiel  Hayden,  1839,  1840,  1844. 
Joel  Giles,  1840. 
James    D.    Green,    1841-1843,    1846, 

1853,  1854. 

Sylvanus  Plympton,  1842,  1843. 
John  Sargent,  1844-1848. 
John  S.  Ladd,  1845-1847,  1852. 
Charles  R.  Metcalf,  1845. 
Samuel  Batchelder,  1847. 
Stephen  T.  Farwell,  1848-1852. 
William  Wyman,  1848,  1849. 
Charles  Wood,  1850,  1851. 
Justin  Jones,  1850-1852. 
Willard  Phillips,  1851. 
Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr.,  1851. 
Isaiah  Bangs,  1852,  1853. 
John    Livermore,    1852,    1853,    1867, 

1868. 

William  A.  Brewer,  1853. 
Joseph  Whitney,  1853,  1854. 
Franklin  Hall,  1854,  1856. 
Thaddeus  B.  Bigelow,  1854. 
Justin  A.  Jacobs,  1854. 
Stephen  Smith,  1855. 
J.  M.  S.  Williams,  1855. 
Oliver  T.  Leighton,  1855. 
David  S.  Buck,  1855. 
George  Fisher,  1855. 
Asa  F.  Lawrence,  1856. 
William  Parker,  1856. 
Eben  Manson,  1856. 
Henry  S.  Hills,  1856,  1857. 
William  A.  Saunders,  1857,  1858. 
Wm.  T.  Richardson,  1857,  1859. 
John  C.  Dodge,  1857. 
Josiah  Burrage,  Jr. ,  1857. 
Nathan  K.  Noble,  1858-1860. 
William  Page,  1858. 
Alanson  Bigelow,  1859. 


Francis  L.  Chapman,  1860-1861. 
George  W.  McLellan,  1860,  1861. 
Anson  Hooker,  1861,  1862. 
Charles  Beck,  1862,  1864. 
Hamlin  R.  Harding,  1862,  1867. 
Knowlton  S.  Chaffee,  1863. 
Charles  F.  Choate,  1863. 
P.  Francis  Wells,  1863. 
J.  Warren  Merrill,  1864. 
Lorenzo  Marrett,  1864,  1865. 
George  S.  Saunders,  1865,  1866. 
George  P.  Carter,  1865,  1866. 
Isaac  S.  Morse,  1866. 
Richard  H.  Dana,  Jr.,  1867,  1868. 
John  S.  March,  1867. 
Anson  P.  Hooker,  1867,  1868. 
Curtis  Davis,  1868,  1870,  1874. 
JohnMcDuffie,  1868,  1871,  1872. 
Asa  P.  Morse,  1869,  1873. 
James  R.  Morse,  1869,  1870. 
Charles  A.  Fiske,  1869. 
Martin  L.  Smith,  1869. 
Charles  J.  Mclntire,  1869,  1870. 
Joseph  Newmarch,  1870. 
Alonzo  B.  Wentworth,  1870. 
Charles  F.  Walcott,  1871,  1872. 
Robert  O.  Fuller,  1871. 
Curtis  C.  Nichols,  1871,  1872. 
Ezra  Parmenter,  1871,  1872. 
John  W.  Hammond,  1872,  1873. 
George  P.  Sanger,  1873. 
Joshua  B.  Smith,  1873,  1874. 
Samuel  W.  McDaniel,  1873. 
Levi  L.  Cashing,  Jr.,  1874,  1875. 
Daniel  H.  Thurston,  1874.  1875. 
Jeremiah  W.  Coveney,  1874-1876. 
Edward  Kendall,  1875,  1876. 
Austin  C.  Wellington,  1875,  1876. 
Leander  M.  Hannum,  1876,  1877. 
Solomon  S.  Sleeper,  1876,  1877. 
Emory  W'ashburn,  1877. 
Oliver  J.  Rand,  1877. 
Charles  F.  Thurston,  1877. 
Joseph  J.  Kelley,  1877. 


SELECTMEN.1 

John  Haynes,  Feb.  1634-1635.  John  Talcott,  Feb.  1634-1635. 

Simon  Bradstreet,  Feb;  1634-1635.          William  Westwood,  Feb.  1634-1635. 


1  Styled  Townsmen  until  1656.     It  is  certain,   from  the  Records,  that  the  Con- 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


463 


John  White,  Feb.  1634-1635. 

William  Wadsworth,  Feb.  1634-1635. 

James  Olmstead,*  Feb.  1634-1635.1 

Roger  Harlakenden,  1635-1638. 

William  Spencer,  1635. 

Andrew  Warner,  1635.    - 

Joseph  Cooke,  1635-1637,  1639,  1641, 

1643,  1645. 

John  Bridge,  1635,  1637-1639,  1641- 

1644,  1646,  1647,  1649,  1652. 
Clement  Chaplin,  1635. 
Nicholas  Danforth,  1635-1637. 
Thomas  Hosmer,  1635. 
William  Andrews,  1635,  1640. 
Richard   Jackson,    1636,   1637,   1641, 

1644,  1654,  1656. 
Edward  Goffe,  1636,  1637,  1639, 1641, 

1643,  1644,  1646-1655. 
Simon  Crosby,  1636,  1638. 
Barnabas  Lamson,  1636. 

Edward   Winship,    1637,  1638,  1642- 

1644,  1646,  1648,  1650,  1651,  1662, 
1663,  1673,  1682,  1684. 

George  Cooke,  1638,  1642,  1643. 

Samuel  Shepard,  1638. 

Joseph  Isaac,  1638. 

Thomas  Parish,  1639,  1640. 

Thomas     Marritt,    1639-1641,     1644, 

1646,  1647. 
John  Moore,*  1639. 
Thomas  Brigham,   1639,   1640,  1642, 

1647. 

Edmund  Angier,*  1640. 
John  Stedman,  1640,  1647-1649, 1651, 

1653-1655,  1669-1676. 
Abraham  Shaw,  1640. 
Edward  Collins,*  1641. 
Roger  Shaw,  1641,  1642,  1644,  1645. 
John  Russell,  1642,  1643,  1648. 
Edward  Oakes,  1642-1646, 1648,  1649, 

1652,   1655,  1657-1664,  1666-1668, 

1670-1678. 

stables  acted  as  members  of  the  Board  of 
Townsmen  or  Selectmen  until  1666;  and 
there  is  no  evidence  that  they  ceased  so  to 
act  until  the  first  Charter  was  abrogated 
in  1686.  Their  names  are  therefore  in- 
cluded in  this  list ;  but  the  names  of  those 
persons  who  were  never  members  of  that 
Board,  except  by  virtue  of  their  election 


Herbert  Pelham,  1645. 

Thomas  Beale,  1645,  1647,  1651,  1653. 

Richard  Hildreth,  1645. 

Thomas  Danforth,  1645-1669,  1671. 

John  Cooper,  1646,  1648,  1650,  1652, 

1654,  1656-1681,  1683,  1685-1690. 
Robert  Holmes,*  1649,  1657,  1662. 
Roger  Bancroft,  1649-1651. 
John  Fessenden,  1650,  1655-1666. 
John  Jackson,*  1650. 
Richard  Robbins,*  1651,  1655. 
Thomas  Fox,  1652,  1658,   1660-1662, 

1664-1672,  1674,  1675. 
William  Manning,    1652,   1666-1670, 

1672,  1675-1681,  1683. 
John  Hastings,*  1653. 
Thomas  Oakes,*  1653. 
Samuel  Hyde,*  1653. 
Thomas  Prentice,*  1 654. 
Gilbert  Crackbone,*  1656,  1663. 
Philip  Cooke,*  1655. 
Richard  Parkes,*  1656. 
Edward  Shepard,*  1656. 
Robert  Parker,*  1656. 
Thomas  Hammond,*  1657,  1677. 
John  Watson,  1657,  1665,  1682,  1684, 
Nathaniel  Sparhawk,  1658,  1677-1680. 

1683,  1685,1686. 
John  Shepard,*  1658. 
Francis  Moore,  1659, 1673-1681,  1683, 

1685-1687. 

Thomas  Longhorn,*  1659. 
Thomas  Cheney,*  1659. 
Thomas  Chesholme,*  1660,  1664. 
John  Ward,*  1660. 
Richard  Eccles,*  1660,  1669. 
Daniel  Gookin,  1660-1672. 
Richard  Dana,*  1661. 
Abraham  Errington,*  1661. 
Walter    Hastings,  1661,  1669,    1673- 

1681,  1683,  1685-1705. 
Jonathan  Hyde,*  1662,  1676. 

as   Constables,   are    distinguished    by  a 
star  (*). 

1  Mr.  Olmstead  was  elected  Constable, 
Nov.  3,  1634,  before  the  office  of  Towns- 
man was  established  ;  and  still  earlier,  in 
May,  1632,  Edmund  Lock  wood  was  ap- 
pointed Constable  by  the  General  Court, 
and  John  Benjamin,  May  29,  1633. 


464 


HISTORY   OF  CAMBRIDGE. 


Edward  Hall,*  1663. 

Thomas  Brown,*  1663. 

John  Greene,*  1664. 

Isaac  Williams,*  1664. 

Thomas  Parks,*  1665,  1685. 

Edward  Jackson,  1665,  1682. 

Samuel  Andrews,  1666,  1681-1693. 

James  Trowbridge,*  1666. 

Joseph  Cooke,*  1667,  1689. 

William   Dickson,    1667,    1679,  1680, 

1682,  1684. 

Gregory  Cooke,*  1667. 
Francis  Whitmore,*  1668,  1682. 
Peter  Towne,  1668,  1676,  1690,  1691, 

1694,  1695. 

John  Spring,*  1668,  1678. 
John  Fuller,*  1669,  1675. 
Samuel  Goffe,*  1670. 
Thomas  Prentice,  Jr.,*  1670. 
Samuel   Champney,  1670,  1681-1687, 

1689,  1691,  1692,  1694. 
John  Kendrick,*  1671. 
John  Gove,  1671,  1684,  1690,  1697. 
William  Barrett,  1671,  1681. 
Samuel  Hastings,  1672,  1691,  1692. 
Daniel  Bacon,*  1672. 
Marmaduke  Johnson,*  1672. 
Nathaniel  Hancock,*  1673,  1685. 
Samuel  Stone,  1673,  1681,  1688,  1692. 
Daniel  Champney,  1673,   1684,  1686, 

1687. 

Noah  Wiswall,*  1673. 
Job  Hyde,*  1674. 
John  Palfrey,*  1674. 
Jonathan     Remington,     1674,    1688, 

1689,  ,1691-1694,  1698-1700. 
Isaac  Stearns,*  1674. 
Matthew  Bridge,*  1675. 
John  Jackson,  1675,  1693,  1694. 
David  Fiske,  1676,  1688. 
Andrew  Bordman,*  1676. 
Francis   Bowman,  1677,  1689,  1696, 

1700-1711. 

Nicholas  Fessenden,*  1677,  1692. 
Christopher  Reed,*  1677. 
John  Marrett,*  1678. 
John  Winter,*  1678. 
Thomas  Foster,*  1678. 
Jonas  Clarke,  1679,  1690. 
John  Mason,*  1679. 


Ephraim  Winship,*  1679. 

John  Oldham,  1679,  1695-1698,  1700- 

1703,  1706-1708,  1711-1714. 
John  Hastings,*  1680. 
Nathaniel  Wilson,*  1680. 
John  Russell,*  1680. 

James  Prentice,*  1680. 

Abraham  Holman,  1681,  1684,  1685. 

James  Cutler,  Jr.,*  1681. 

Sebeas  Jackson,*  1681. 

Solomon  Prentice,*  1682. 

Nathaniel  Patten,*  1682. 

Samuel  Buck,*  1G83. 

Abraham  Jackson,*  1683. 

Samuel  Gookin,*  1683. 

John  Tidd,*  1683. 

David  Fiske,  Jr.,*  1684. 

Joseph  Russell,*  1684. 

John  Prentice,*  1684. 

James  Hubbard,*  1685. 

Thomas  Cutler,*  1685. 

Aaron  Bordman,*  1686. 

Thomas  Andrews,*  1686. 

Ebenezer  Wiswall,*  1686. 

Philip  Russell,  1686,  1700,  1701. 

Edward   Wins-hip,    1691-1693,   1695- 

1701. 

James  Oliver,  1694,  1698,  1699. 
Abraham  Hill,  1695,  1696. 
William    Russell,    1697,    1700-1702, 

1704,  1705,  1712-1714. 
Joseph  Simons,  1698,  1699. 
William  Reed,  1698,  1699. 
John  Leverett,  1699,  1700. 

Samuel   Sparhawk,   1701-1705,  1709, 

1710. 
Samuel     Cooper,     1702-1710,    1712- 

1716. 
Andrew  Bordman    [2d],   1706-1710, 

1719-1730,  1732. 
Joseph  Winship,  1706,  1725. 
Jason  Russell,  1707-1709,  1711. 
Josiah  Parker,  1710. 
John  Dickson,  1711,  1717,  1722-1724. 
Thomas  Blodgett,  1711. 
Jonathan      Remington      [2d],     1712, 

1715-1719. 

Jcsej;h  Bowman,  1712. 
Moses    Bordman,     1713-1718,    1720- 

1724,  1726,  1727,  1731,  1733-1736. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


465 


Joseph  Coolidge,  1713,  1714,  1730. 
Daniel  Dana,  1715,  1725. 
William  Cutter,  1715,  1718-1721. 
Samuel  Kidder,  1716,  1719-1721. 
Nath.    Sparhawk,    1716-1724,    1726, 

1727,  1730. 

Edmund  Goffe,  1717,  1718. 
Samuel    Bowman,    1722-1724,    1726, 

1727,  1735-1743. 
John  Bradish,  1725,  1729,  1730,  1732, 

1735,  1736. 
Francis    Foxcroft,   Jr.,    1725,    1728, 

1734. 
Ephraim    Frost,     1725,    1727,    1730, 

1735. 

Nathaniel  Bowman,  1726. 
Solomon  Prentice  [2d],  1728. 
Gershom    Davis,    1728,    1729,    1731, 

1732. 

John  Cutter,  1728,  1T36,  1741. 
William     Brattle,    1729,     1731-1733, 

1748-1757,  1766-1772. 
Joseph    Adams,     1729,     1731,    1732, 

1737,  1738. 

Isaac  Watson,  1731,  1737,  1738. 
Samuel  Danforth,   1733,  1734,  1737- 

1739. 

Henry  Dunster,  1733,  1734. 
Samuel  Smith,  1733. 
Benjamin  Dana,  Jr.,  1734-1736,  1742, 

1743. 

Samuel  Sparhawk,  1737-1741. 
John  Vassall,  1739,  1740,   1747. 
Jonathan  Butterfield,  Jr.,  1739,  1740. 
Andrew  Bordman  [2d],  1740-1769. 
Joseph  Bean,  1741. 
Jacob  Hill,  1742. 
John  Winship,  1742. 
Edmund  Trowbridge,  1743-1746. 
Capt.  Sam.  Whittemore,    1743-1746, 

1748-1757,  1759,  1762. 
Stephen  Prentice,  1744. 
Thomas  Sparhawk,  1744,  1745,  1747, 

1750-1764. 
Abraham  Watson,   1745-1749,    1757- 

1760. 

Caleb  Dana,  1746,  1748,  1749. 
John  Butterfield,  1747. 
John  Wyeth,  1750-1756. 
30 


Gershom  Cutter,  1757. 
William  Dana,  1757,  1765-1768. 
Joseph  Adams,  Jr.,  1758,  1769-1771. 
Ephraim  Frost,  Jr.,  1758,  1760,  1761, 

1763-1768,  1772-1777. 
Ebenezer  Stedman,  1759-1764,  1767- 

1776,  1786-1790,  1796-1801. 
Henry  Prentice,  1761-1765. 
Abraham  Watson,  Jr.,  1765,  1766. 
Joseph  Wellington,  1769-1773,   1776. 
Abij ah  Learned,  1769-1771. 
Thomas  Gardner,  1769-1775. 
Edward  Marrett,  1769-1777. 
Nath1.  Sparhawk,  1772-1775. 
Samuel   Thatcher,    1773-1776,    1780- 

1786. 

John  Cutter,  Jr.,  1774,  1775. 
Eliphalet  Robbins,  1775-1776. 
Stephen  Dana,  1776-1778,1787,  1788, 

1793,  1794. 
Deac.  Aaron  Hill,   1777,  1778,  1787, 

1788. 

Jonas  Wyeth,  1777,  1778. 
Benjamin  Locke,  1777,  1778. 
Edward  Jackson,   1777,    1778,   1780- 

1782. 

Thomas  Farrington,  1778.  1779. 
Benjamin  Cooper,  1778. 
William  Howe,  1779. 
Gideon  Frost,  1779-1785. 
William  Adams,  1779. 
Ammi  Cutter,  1779,  1786. 
John  Gardner,  1779. 
Moses     Robbins,     1779,     1781-1786, 

1790-1792. 
John  Wyeth,  1 780. 
Jeduthun  Wellington,  1780-1785, 1792 

-1802,  1805. 

Samuel  Whittemore  3d,  1780. 
Ebenezer  Seaver,  1780. 
Ebenezer   Wyeth,    1781-1785,    1789, 

1790. 

John  Adams,  1781,  1782,  1791-1795. 
Ephraim  Frost,  Jr.,  1783-1788. 
Daniel  Dana,  1783. 
Jonathan  Winship,   1784-1789,   1793, 

1794. 
William  Winthrop,  1786,   1789-1791, 

1793,  1794,  1799,  1800-1802. 


466 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Walter    Dickson,     1786-1788,    1791, 

1792. 

Samuel  Butterfield,  1787,  1788. 
Ephraim  Cook,  1789,  1790. 
Samuel  Locke,  1789,  1790. 
James  Robbins,  1 789. 
Moses  Griggs,  1790-1792. 
Richard  Richardson,  1791-1795. 
George  Prentiss,  1791,  1792. 
John  Walton,  1793,  1794,  1796-1798, 

1809-1811. 

Tim.  L.  Jennison,  1795,  1806,  1817. 
Dr.  Aaron  Hill,  1795-1805,  1807. 
Nathaniel      Champney,      1795-1801, 

1806. 
Ebenezer    Brown,    1795-1801,    1803- 

1805. 

William  Locke,  1796-1802. 
Ebenezer  Hall,  1802-1804. 
James  Frost,  1802-1805,  1807. 
Dudley  Hardy,  1802-1806. 
Thomas  Mason,  1802,  1811-1814. 
John  Holbrook,  1802. 
Daniel  Mason,  1803-1805. 
William  Whittemore,  Jr.,  1803-1805. 
Nathaniel  P.  Watson,  1806,  1807. 
Asa  Nichols,  1 806. 
Benjamin  Locke,  1806,  1807. 
Jonathan  Whittemore,  1806,  1807. 
Newell  Bent,  1807,  1822-1824. 
Nathan  Fiske,  1807. 
John  Mellen,  1808-1810. 
John  Hayden,  1808-1811. 
Royal  Makepeace,  1808-1811. 
William    Billiard,    1808-1816,    1818, 

1822,  1826,  1827. 
Josiah  Mason,  1808. 
Benjamin  Bigelow,  1812-1814. 
Thomas  Austin,  1812,  1813,  1815. 
PhinehasB.  Hovey,  1812-1814. 
Josiah  Moore,  1814. 
Job  Wyeth,  1814,  1815. 
John  Cook,  1815,  1816. 
Rufus  Fiske,  1815,  1816,  1839,  1840. 
Josiah  Hovey,  1816-1818. 
Abel  Whitney,  1816,  1838,  1839. 
John  Williams,  1817. 
Levi  Farwell,  1817-1821. 
Thomas  L.  Parker,  1817-1822. 
Luke  Hemenway,  1818,  1819. 
Jonas  Wyeth  2d,  1819-1821. 


Henry  Messenger,  1819-1821. 

Isaac  Train,  1820-1822,  18'.'5-1827. 

Thomas  Warland,  1822,  1823. 

Lusher  Gay,  1822. 

Samuel  F.  Sawyer,  1823-1825. 

Deming  Jarvis,  1823,  1824. 

Lincoln  Brigham,  1823. 

John  Whitney,  1824,  1825. 

Isaiah  Bangs,  1824-1826. 

Jabez  Fisher,  1825,  1826,  1840. 

William  Brown,  1826-1828. 

William  Fiske,  1827. 

Ephraim  Buttrick,  1827-1831,  1842, 

1843. 

Josiah  Mason,  Jr.,  1828-1831. 
Atherton  H.  Stevens,  1828-1831. 
Edmund  T.  Hastings,  1828-1830. 
Eliab  W.  Metcalf,  1829-1833. 
James  Hayward,  1831,  1832. 
Ralph  Smith,  1832-1835,  1837. 
Luther  Brooks,  1832-1835,  1837. 
Robert  Fuller,  1832-1834. 
Wm.  J.  Whipple,  1833-1835. 
John  Chamberlin,  1834,  1835. 
Joseph  Burridge,  1835,  1836. 
William  Parmenter,  1836. 
Charles  C.  Little,  1836-1841. 
Jesse  Hall,  1836. 
William  Hunnewell,  1836,  1837. 
Nathan  Childs,  1837,  1838. 
Walter  R.  Mason,  1838,  1839. 
John  L.  Hobbs,  1838,  1839. 
Walter  M.  Allen,  1840,  1841. 
Jonathan  Wheeler,  1840. 
Sidney  Willard,  1841,  1844. 
William  H.  Odiorne,  1841. 
Levi  Parker,  1841. 
Thomas  Whittemore,  1842,  1843. 
James  Luke,  1842,  1843. 
Sylvanus  Plympton,  1842. 
William  Saunders,  1842. 
Jacob  H.  Bates,  1843. 
Nathaniel  J.  Wyeth,  1843. 
Stephen  T.  Farwell,  1844. 
William  Wyman,  1844,  1845. 
Josiah  Burrage,  Jr.,  1844,  1845. 
Jonas  Wyeth,  1844. 
James  D.  Green,  1845. 
Alex.  H.  Ramsay,  1845. 
Charles  Wood,  1845. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


467 


ASSESSORS.1 


Walter   Hastings,    1694,  1697,   1698, 

1700-1705. 

Samuel  Stone,  1694,  1697,  1698. 
Thomas     Oliver,     1694,     1697-1699, 

1706,  1715. 
Josiah  Parker,  1699. 
Francis  Bowman,  1699-1709,  1711. 
Jonathan  Remington,  1700. 
Edward  Winship,  1700,  1701. 
John  Oldham,  1700,  1701,  1710-1714, 

1716,  1718,  1719,  1721,  1727. 
William    Russell,    1700,    1701,    1704, 

1705,  1712,  1714. 
Philip  Russell,  1700,  1701. 
Samuel    Sparhawk,  1701,   1703-1705, 

1707-1709. 
Andrew  Bordman,  1702,  1707,   1709- 

1713,  1715,  1716,  1718. 
Samuel    Cooper,     1704,    1705,    1708, 

1709,  1714. 

Samuel  Kidder,  1706,  1715. 
Jason  Russell,  1709,  1710. 
Joseph  Coolidge,  1710,  1714. 
Joseph  Bowman,  1712. 
Moses  Bordman,    1714,    1717,   1733- 

1736. 

William  Cutter,  1716. 
Jonathan  Remington  [2d],  1717. 
Edmund  GofFe,  1717. 
Nath.    Sparhawk,    1717,    1722-1724, 

1726. 

John  Dickson,  1717-1720,  1722,  1723. 
John  Bradish,  1719-1721,  1725,  1726, 

1729,  1732. 

Daniel  Dana,  1720,  1725. 
John  Cutter,  1721,  1724,  1727,  1728, 

1736,  1741. 
Samuel    Bowman,    1722-1724,    1727, 

1737-1743,  1745,  1746. 
Ephraim    Frost,    1725,    1726,    1730, 

1735. 

Samuel  Andrew,  1728. 
Gershom    Davis,    1728,    1729,    1731, 

1732. 

1  The  Selectmen  performed  the  duty 
of  Assessors,  until  1697,  except  in  the 
year  1694. 


Joseph    Adams,    1729,     1731,    1732, 

1737,  1738. 

Andrew  Bordman,  Jr.,  1730. 
William  Brown,  1730. 
Isaac  Watson,  1731. 
Henry  Dunster,  1733,  1734. 
Samuel  Smith,  1733. 
Benjamin  Dana,  1734-1736,  1742. 
Samuel  Sparhawk  [2d],  1737-1741. 
Jonathan  Butterfield,  1739,  1740. 
John  Winship,  1742. 
Samuel      Whittemore,2      1743-1746, 

1748-1757,  1759,  1762. 
Edmund  Trowbridge,  1744. 
Thomas  Sparhawk,  1744,  1745,  1747, 

1750-1764. 

Caleb  Dana,  1746,  1748,  1749. 
John  Butterfield,  1747. 
Abraham  Watson,    1747-1749,   1757, 

1758,  1765,  1766. 
John  Wyeth,  1750-1756. 
Joseph  Adams,  Jr.,  1758. 
Ebenezer  Stedman,  1759-1764,  1767- 

1776. 
Ephraim  Frost,   Jr.,  1760,  1761,.  1763 

-1768,  1772,  1775-1777. 
William  Dana,  1765-1768. 
Joseph  Wellington,  1769-1771. 
Thomas  Gardner,  1769-1775. 
John  Cutter,  Jr.,  1774. 
Nathaniel  Sparhawk  [2d],  1775. 
Eliphalet  Robbins,  1776,  1779. 
Aaron  Hill,   1777,   1778,   1782,  1786- 

1792. 
Stephen    Dana,    1777,    1778,     1780- 

1806. 

Benjamin  Locke,  1778,  1788,  1789. 
Thomas  Farrington,  1779. 
Ammi  Cutter,  1779,  1781-1786. 
Abraham  Watson  [2d],  1780,  1781. 
William  Whittemore,  1780. 
Samuel  Thatcher,  1783-1786. 
Thomas  Cutter,  1787. 
Samuel  Locke,  1790-1805. 

2  Capt.  Samuel  Whittemore. 


468 


HISTORY   OF    CAMBRIDGE. 


Ebenezer  Wyeth,  1793-1796. 

Aaron  Hill  [2d],  1797-1805,  1807. 

Josiah  Moore,  1806,  1808-1813. 

Ichabod  Fessenden,  1806. 

George  Prentice,  1807. 

Newell  Bent,  1807. 

Maj.  Jonas  Wyeth,  1808,  1809,  1812, 

1813,  1817-1819. 
Thomas  Mason,  1808-1813,  1815. 
Benjamin  Bigelow,  1810,  1811,  1814, 

1825,  1826,  1831-1835. 
Royal  Makepeace,  1814. 
Thomas  Austin,  1814,  1815. 
Nathaniel  Livermore,  1815. 
Loammi  Baldwin,  1816. 
Richard  H.  Dana,  1816,  1817. 
Rufus  Fisk,  1816,  1818,  1837. 
William  Billiard,  1817-1819. 
Jabez  Fisher,  1819. 
Wm.  J.  Whipple,  1820-1841. 
Isaac  Train,  1820,  1821. 
Luke  Hemenway,  1820-1822. 
Deming  Jarvis,  1822,  1823. 
Lusher  Gay,  1823. 
Peter  Tufts,  Jr.,  1824. 
Samuel  S.   Green,    1824-1837,  1843- 

1846. 

John  Wheeler,  1827-1830. 
John  Trowbridge,  1836. 
Eliphalet  Davis,  1838,  1839. 


Abraham  P.  Sherman,  1838,  1839. 

William  H.  Odiorne,  1840. 

Ezekiel  Harden,  1840. 

Ira  Wads  worth,  1841,  1842,  1847. 

Sidney  Willard,  1841. 

Lucius  R.  Paige,  1842-1846. 

Jacob  H.  Bates,  1842,  1843. 

Omen  S.  Keith,  1844. 

Royal  Morse,  1845,  1846. 

Jonas  Wyeth  2d,  1847-1849. 

James  Luke,  1847. 

Josiah  W.  Cook,  1848,  1849,  1855. 

Edward  G.  Stevens,  1848-1850,  1854. 

William  L.  Whitney,  1850-1852. 

John  Hews,  1850. 

Charles  Wood,  1851-1854. 

Joseph  Whitney,  1851-1853,  1857. 

George    Coolidge,    1853,    1854,  1856, 

1857. 

Joseph  H.  Rice,  1855. 
Ozias  Clark,  1855. 
Abel  W.  Bruce,  1856,  1860. 
Atherton  H.  Stevens,  1856. 
Alvaro  Blodgett,  1857. 
William  Frost,  1858-1863. 
George  W.  Livermore,  1858,  1859. 
Andrew  J.  Green,  1860-1877. 
Artemas  Z.  Brown,  1861-1877. 
Charles  H.  Saunders,  1864-1867. 
LeviL.  dishing,  Jr.,  1868-1877. 


TOWN    CLERKS.1 


William  Spencer,  1632-1635. 

Joseph  Cooke,  1636,  1637,  1639-1641. 

Joseph  Isaac,  1638.2 

Roger  Shaw,  1642.8 

Thomas  Danforth,  1645-1668. 

John  Cooper,  1669-1681. 

Samuel  Andrew,  1682-1692. 

Jona.  Remington,  1693,  1698-1700. 

Samuel  Green,  1694-1697. 

Andrew  Bordman,  1  700-1  730.4 

Andrew  Bordman  [2d],  1731-1769. 

1  The  Records  were  kept  by  the  Clerk 
of   the   Selectmen  until   1693,  when   an 


Andrew  Bordman  [3d],  1 769-1 779.5 
Thomas  Farrington,  1780-1782. 
William  Winthrop,  1782-1788. 
Timothy  L.  Jennison,  1789-1797,  1806. 
Aaron  Hill,  1798-1805. 
Timothy  Fuller,  1807. 
William  Billiard,  1808-1816. 
Levi  Farwell,  1817-1826. 
Thomas  Foster,  1827. 
William  J.  Whipple,  1828-1830. 
Luther  S.  Gushing,  1831. 

8  Probably. 
Elected  May  18, 1700,  in  place  of  Jona- 


officer  styled  "Town   Clerk"   was   first    than  Remington,  deceased. 


elccted. 
2  Probably. 


5  Elected  June  2,  1769,  upon  the  de- 
cease of  his  father. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


469 


John  P.  Tarbell,  1832-1834. 
Henry  M.  Chamberlain,  1835-1838. 


Lucius  R.  Paige,  1839,  1843-1846. 
Thomas  B.  Gannett,  1840-1842. 


TOWN    TREASURKRS.1 


Samuel  Andrew,  1694-1699. 

Jona.  Remington,  1700. 

Andrew  Bordman,  1701-1747. 

Andrew  Bordman  [2d],  1747-1769.8 

John  Foxcroft,  1769-1771.8 

Samuel   Thatcher,  1772-1776,  1782- 

1786. 
Andrew  Bordman  [3d],  1777,  1778. 


Abraham  Watson,  1779-1781. 
Ebenezer  Stedman,  1786-1 80S.4 
Samuel  Bartlett,  1809-1815. 
Loammi  Baldwin,  1816. 
William  Hilliard,  1817-1820. 
Levi  Farwell,  1821-1836. 
Abel  W.  Bruce,  1837-1846. 


OFFICERS  AFTER  THE  INCORPORATION  OF  THE  CITY. 

MAYORS. 


James  D.  Green,  1846,  1847,  1853, 

1860,  1861. 

Sidney  Willard,  1848-1850. 
George  Stevens,  1851,  1852. 
Abraham  Edwards,  1854. 
Zebina  L.  Raymond,  1855,  1864. 
John  Sargent,  1856-1859. 
Charles  T.  Russell,5  1861,  1862. 


George  C.  Richardson,  1863. 
J.  Warren  Merrill,  1865,  1866. 
Ezra  Parmenter,  1867. 
Charles  H.  Saunders,  1868,  1869. 
Hamlin  R.  Harding,  1870,  1871. 
Henry  O.  Houghton,  1872. 
Isaac  Bradford,  1873-1876. 
Frank  A.  Allen,  1877. 


ALDERMEN. 


Samuel  Batchelder,  1846. 

Ephraim  Buttrick,  1846,  1848. 

Samuel  P.  P.  Fay,  1846. 

William  Fisk,  1846. 

Joseph  S.  Hastings,  1846,  1847. 

Charles  Wood,  1846,  1847. 

Stephen  T.  Farwell,  1847,  1848. 

Walter  R.  Mason,  1847. 

William  Saunders,  1847. 

Abraham  P.  Sherman,  1847. 

Isaac  Fay,  1848. 

George  Stevens,  1848-1850,  1855. 

Wm.  L.  Whitney,  1848,  1871,   1872, 

1874,  1875. 

Thomas  Whittemore,  1848. 
George  Cummings,  1849. 
Calvin  Dinoick,  1849-1851. 

1  No  officer  styled  "  Town  Treasurer  " 
was  elected  until  1694. 

2  Elected  Aug.  3,  1747,  upon  the  de- 
cease of  his  father. 

8  Elected  June  2,  1769,  in  place  of  An- 
drew Bordman,  deceased. 


Lorenzo  Marrett,  1849,  1850,  1852. 

Charles  R.  Metcalf,  1849. 

Jonas  Wyeth  2d,  1849. 

Isaiah  Bangs,  1850. 

Edmund  A.  Chapman,  1850,  1851. 

Stephen  Smith,  1850-1852,  1854. 

Abraham  Edwards,6  1851-1853. 

John  Hews,  1851. 

Anson  Hooker,  1851,  1852. 

Richard  C.  Joseph,  1851. 

Thaddeus  B.  Bigelow,  1852. 

Ambrose  Chamberlain,  1852,  1853. 

John  W.  Donallan,  1853. 

George  W.  Livermore,  1853,  1854. 

George  Meacham,  1853. 

John  Taylor,  1853. 

Henry  M.  Chamberlain,  1854,  1859. 

*  Elected  July  10, 1786,  in  place  of  Col. 
Thatcher,  deceased. 

6  Elected  July  31,  1861,  in  place  of 
James  I).  Green,  resigned. 

8  Elected  Oct.  6,  1851,  in  place  of  Ed- 
mund A.  Chapman,  deceased. 


470 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Henry  S.  Hills,  1854. 

Linus  A.  Phillips,  1854. 

William  A.  Saunders,  1854,  1867. 

John  B.  Cook,  1855,  1856. 

Isaac  Cutler,  1855-1857. 

John  Dudley,  1855. 

James  W.  Gates,  1855. 

Joseph  R.  Knight,  1855. 

George  H.  Davies,  1856-1858. 

Isaac  Davis,  1856. 

George  W.  Fifield,  1856,  1857. 

Edward  T.  Whitney,  1856-1858. 

John  B.  Atwill,  1857-1860. 

James  G.  Hovey,  1857. 

John  Remick,1  1857,  1858. 

Knowlton  S.  Chaffee,  1858,  1859. 

Chester  W.  Kingsley,  1858. 

Thomas  G.  Rice,  1858. 

James  P.  Richardson,  1858-1860. 

Solomon  Sargent,  1858. 

Albion  K.  P.  Welch,  1858,  1859. 

Josiah  Burrage,  1859,  1860. 

Francis    L.    Chapman,     1859,    1860, 

1864-1866. 

Alex.' Dickinson,  1859,  1860. 
David  Ellis,  1859,  1860. 
Michael  C.  Kenney,  1859. 
Lewis  Hall,  I860. 
Samuel  Slocomb,  1860,  1861. 
Albert  Vinal,  1860,  1861. 
Andrew  S.  Waitt,  1860. 
Levi  L.  Gushing,  Jr.,  1861,  1862. 
Curtis  Davis,  1861,  1862,  1873. 
Amory  Houghton,  1861,  1862. 
Henry  Lamson,  1861-1363. 
Charles  H.  Saunders,  1861,  1862. 
Albert  Stevens,  1861,  1863. 
James  H.  Thayer,  1861-1863. 
Israel  Tibbetts,  1861-1863. 
Hosea  Jewell,  1862,  1863. 
J.  Warren  Merrill,  1862. 
Henry  Whitney,  1862. 
Samuel  W.  Dudley,  1868-1866. 
George  H.  Folger,  1863,  1864. 
Samuel  James,  1863. 


John  Livermore,2  1863-1865. 

Ezra  Parmenter,  1863,  1864,  1866. 

John  P.  Putnam,  1863. 

George  P.  Carter,  1864,  1865. 

Charles  F.  Choate,  1864-1866. 

Arthur  Merrill,  1864. 

James  R.  Morse,  1864. 

Fordyce  M.  Stimson,  1864.8 

Joseph  H.  Tyler,  1864,  1865. 

George  B.  Lathrop,  1865,  1866. 

Alpheus  Mead,  1865,  1866, 1869. 

James  M.  Price,  1865. 

John  L.  Sands,  1865,  1866. 

Sumner  Albee,  1866. 

John  N.  Meriam,  1866,  1867. 

Asa  P.  Morse,  1866. 

John  M.  Tyler,  1866,  1867. 

William  Gibson,  1867. 

Watson  B.  Hastings,  1867,  1868. 

William  Page,  1867,  1868. 

Samuel  B.  Rindge,  1867,  1868. 

Samuel   F.  Woodbridge,    1867,    1868, 

1872,  1873. 

William  Wright,  1867,  1869,  1876. 
Marshall  T.  Bigelow,  1868. 
Daniel  U.  Chamberlin,  1868,  1870. 
U.  Tracy  Howe,  1868. 
John  S.  March,  1868-1870. 
Jabez  A.  Sawyer,  1868. 
Daniel  R.  Sortwell,  1868,  1869,  1872. 
Jeremiah  W.  Coveney,  1869,  1870. 
Henry  O.  Houghton,  1869. 
William  J.  Marvin,  1869. 
George  W.  Park,  1869,  1870. 
James  H.  Sparrow,  1869,  1870. 
Charles  F.  Walcott,  1669. 
D.  Gilbert  Dexter,  1870,  1871. 
Lewis  B.  Geyer,  1870,  1871. 
Horatio  G.  Parker,  1870,  1871. 
Aaron  H.  Saffbrd,  1870. 
Amos  C.  Sanborn,  1870. 
James  H.  Hall,  1871. 
Charles  L.  Harding,  1871,  1872. 
John  Holman,  1871. 
Joseph  A.  Holmes,  1871,  1872. 


1  Elected    May   1,   1857,  in 
James  G.  Hovey,  deceased. 

2  Elected  March  2,  1863,  in   place  of 
Hosea  Jewell,  deceased. 


place    of        8  Resigned  March  23,  1864,  and  suc- 
ceeded by  Francis  L.  Chapman. 


CIVIL   HISTORY. 


471 


Edward  Kendall,  1871-1873. 

Robert  L.  Sawin,  1871,  1873. 

William  Caldwell,  1872. 

Chandler  R.  Ransom,  1872. 

Samuel  Snow,  1872,  1873. 

Jason  Winnett,  1872. 

George  R.  Brine,  1873. 

James  H.  Collins,  1873,  1874. 

Hatnlin  R.  Harding,  1873. 

Isaac  S.  Morse,  1873. 

Daniel  H.  Thurston,  1873,  1876,  1877. 

Horace  O.  Bright,  1874. 

Augustus  P.  Clarke,  1874. 

James  C.  Davis,  1874. 

Leander  M.  Hannum,  1874,  1875. 

Theodore  C.  Kurd,  1874. 

Francis  Ivers,  1874. 

John  McSorley,  1874. 


Francis  H.  Whitman,  1874. 
Walter  S.  Blanchard,  1875. 
Benjamin  F.  Davies,  1875. 
Russell  S.  Edwards,  1875,  1877. 
Leander  Greely,  1875,  1876. 
George  H.  Howard,  1875,  1876. 
John  H.  Leighton,  1875,  1876. 
Samuel  L.  Montague,  1875,  1876. 
Jonas  C.  Wellington,  1875. 
George  F.  Piper,  1876,  1877. 
Edmund  Reardon,  1876,  1877. 
Sulvilyer  H.  Sanborn,  1876. 
Walter  S.  Swan,  1876,  1877. 
John  Clary,  1877. 
James  A.  Fox,  1877. 
Charles  J.  Mclntire,  1877. 
Charles  W.  Munroe,  1877. 
Martin  L.  Smith,  1877. 


PRESIDENTS  OF  COMMON  COUNCIL. 


Isaac  Livermore,  1846. 

John  Sargent,  1847,  1852,  1853. 

John  C.  Dodge,  1848,  1854. 

Samuel  P.  Heywood,  1849,  1850. 

John  S.  Ladd,  1851. 

Alanson  Bigelow,  1855. 

Ezra  Ripley,  1856.1 

George  S.  Saunders,  1856,  1857,  1863, 

1864. 

James  C.  Fisk,  1858,  1859. 
Hamlin  R.  Harding,  1860,  1861. 


Jared  Shepard,  1862.2 
Knowlton  S.  Chaffee,  1862. 
John  S.  March,  1865,  1866. 
Marshall  T.  Bigelow,  1867. 
Henry  W.  Muzzey,  1868,  1869. 
Joseph  H.  Converse,  1870,  1871. 
Alvaro  Blodgett,  1872,  1873.8 
Francis  H.  Whitman,  1873. 
George  F.  Piper,  1874,  1875. 
Frank  A.  Allen,  1876. 
Perez  G.  Porter,  1877. 


MEMBERS  OF  COMMON  COUNCIL. 


Josiah  Coolidge,  1846,  1847. 
John  C.  Dodge,  1846-1848,  1854. 
Francis  Draper,  1846,  1847. 
Charles  Everett,  1846-1848. 
Stephen  T.  Farwell,  1846. 
George  W.  Fifield,  1846,  1847. 
Lewis  Hall,  1846-1848. 
Joseph  A.  Holmes,   1846,  1847,  1852, 

1853. 

Isaac  Livermore,  1846. 
Walter  R.  Mason,  1846. 
Isaac  Melvin,  1846-1848. 
Thomas  F.  Norris,  1846. 


Alex.  H.  Ramsay,  1846,  1847. 
Enos  Reed,  1846,    1847. 
Aaron  Rice,  1846-1848. 
John  Sargent,  1846, 1847,  1852,  1853. 
William  Saunders,  1846. 
Abraham  P.  Sherman,  1846. 
Charles  Valentine,  1846,  1847. 
William  L.  Whitney,  1846,  1847. 
Samuel  P.  Heywood,  1847-1850. 
Anson  Hooker,  1847-1850. 
William  Hunnewell,  1847. 
Levi  Jennings,  1847,  1848,  1856. 
Elijah  Spare,  Jr.,  1847-1849. 


1  Resigned  Jan.  31,  1856. 

2  Resigned  Sept.  17,  1862. 


8  Resigned  June  17,  1873. 


472 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


Jonas  Wyelh  2d,  1847,  1848. 

Edmund  A.  Chapman,  1848,  1849. 

George  Cummings,  1848. 

Eliphalet  Davis,  1848. 

Ralph  Day,  1848,  1849,  1852. 

Jesse  Fogg,  1848,  1849. 

Horatio  N.  Hovey,  1848. 

Estes  Howe,  1848. 

John  S.  Ladd,  1848,  1851. 

Wm.  T.  Richardson,  1848. 

William  Wyman,  1848,  1849. 

David  S.  Buck,1  1849-1852. 

Jesse  Coolidge,  1849. 

Isaac  Davis,  1849,  1850,  1855. 

Israel  P.  Dunham,  1849. 

William    P.    Fisk,   1849,    1850,   1852, 

1853. 

Amory  Houghton,  1849. 
Edward  Hyde,  1849. 
Andrew  Jones,  1849-1851,  1858. 
Charles  T.  Murdoch,  1849,  1850. 
Geo.  C.  Richardson,  1849-1851. 
Hosea  Spencer,2  1849-1852. 
Edwin  Scudder,  1849,  1850. 
Robert  P.  Tuten,  1849-1851. 
Francis  Wells,  1849,  1850. 
Charles  Wood,  1849. 
James  Atwood,  1850,  1851. 
Thomas  P.  Ayer,  1850-1852. 
John  Dudley,  1850-1852. 
David  B.  Hadley,  1850,  1851. 
Henry  S.  Hills,8  1850,  1851. 
George  Meacham,  1850-1852. 
Luther  L.  Parker,  1850,  1851. 
Wm.  A.  Saunders,  1850. 
Edmund  Boynton,  1851,  1852. 
Hiram  Brooks,  1851. 
Mason  Davis,  1851,  1863,  1864. 
Royal  Douglass,  1851. 
George  T.  Gale,4  1851,  1852,  1856. 
Josiah  Dana  Hovey,  1851. 
Zebina  L.  Raymond,6  1851,  1852. 
Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr.,  1851. 


Andrew  S.  Waitt,  1851,  1852. 

Jonas  Wyeth,  1851. 

Alvaro  Blodgett,   1852-1854,   1867- 

1869,  1871-1873. 
Ozias  Clark,  1852,  1853. 
Isaac  Cutler,  1852. 
Joseph  M.  Doe,  1852. 
Phinehas  B.  Hovey,  1852,  1853. 
George  L.  Mitchell,  1852,  1853. 
William  Stevens,  1852,  1853. 
Francis  L.  Batchelder,  1853,  1854. 
Alanson  Bigelow,  1853-1855. 
Barnabas  Binney,  1853. 
Daniel  U.  Chamberlain,  1853,  1854. 
John  B.  Cook,  1853,  1854,  1863. 
Lloyd  Grossman,  1853,  1854. 
George  H.  Davies,  1853,  1854. 
Franklin  Hall,  1853,  1854. 
George  G.  Ryder,  1853,  1854,  1863, 

1864,  1867. 

Charles  H.  Saunders,  1853,  1854. 
Oliver  Tenney,  1853,  1854. 
William  Watriss,  1853,  1854. 
Thaddeus  B.  Bigelow,  1854. 
O.  H.  P.  Green,  1854. 
Rufus  Lamson,  1854,  1855. 
William  A.  Munroe,  1854. 
Benjamin  F.Nourse,  1854,1856,1857. 
Henry  Noyes,  1854,  1855. 
Ebenezer  T.  Tufts,  1854,  1855,  1857, 

1858. 

Almon  Abbott,  1855. 
Daniel  S.  Brown,  1855. 
Luther  Crane,  1855. 
John  Gage,  1855,  1859. 
Augustus  P.  Griffing,  1855,  1856. 
John  Holman,  1855. 
James  G.  Hovey,  1855,  1856. 
William  Hunnewell,  1855. 
Daniel  Kelly,  1855. 
Jacob  S.  Merrill,  1855. 
Philip  Nutting,  1855. 
George  G.  Rice,  1855,  1856. 


1  Elected  June   11,   1849,   in   place  of  4  Elected  Dec.   15,  1851,  in  place  of 
Jesse  Coolidge,  resigned.  Franklin  Sawyer,  Jr.,  deceased. 

2  Elected  Jan.  21,1850,  in  place  of  Jesse  5  Elected  April  22,  1851,  in  place  of 
Fogg,  resigned.  Geo.  C.  Richardson,  resigned. 

8  Elected  Oct.  6,  1851,  in  place  of  Rob- 
ert P.  Tuten,  deceased. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


473 


Joel  Robinson,  1855. 

George  S.  Saunders,  1855-1857,  1863, 

1864. 

Nathaniel  N.  Stickney,  1855. 
William  W.  Bullock,  1856. 
Chester  N.  Clark,  1856-1858. 
Curtis  Davis,  1856-1858. 
Hervey  Davis,  1856,  1857. 
John  H.  Fellows,  1856-1858. 
N.  St.  John  Green,  1856. 
Michael  C.  Kenney,  1856-1858. 
William  Page,  1856,  1857. 
Thomas  G.  Rice,  1856,  1857. 
Ezra  Ripley,  1856. 
Samuel  Sawyer,  1856,  1857. 
Atherton  H.  Stevens,  Jr.,  1856,'  1867. 
Albion  K.  P.  Welch,  1856,  1857. 
James    C.    Davis,   1857,    1858,  1872,1 

1873. 

James  C.  Fiske,  1857-1859. 
George  B.  Lathrop,  1857,  1858,  1862- 

1864. 

John  Murray,  Jr.,  1857. 
Michael  Norton,  1857. 
Samuel  S.  Runey,  1857. 
Samuel  Saunders,  1857. 
J.  Henry  Wyman,  1857. 
Marshall  T.  Bigelow,  1858-1860,  1867. 
Win.  P.  Butterfield,  1858,  1859. 
Francis  L.  Chapman,  1858. 
David  Ellis,  1858. 
Charles  F.  McClure,  1858,  1859. 
Thomas  B.  G.  Messinger,  1858,  1859. 
Joseph  Newmarch,  1858,  1863. 
Lucius  R.  Paige,  1858. 
Ezra  Parmenter,  1858, 2  1871. 
Jared    Shepard,    1858,    1859,    1861, 

1862. 

Albert  Stevens,  1858-1860. 
Sargeant  C.  Whitcher,  1858. 
Ebenezer  Fogg,  1859,  1861-1863. 
Hamlin  R.  Harding,  1859-1861. 
Anson  P.  Hooker,  1859-1861. 
Samuel  James,  1859. 
Henry  Larnson,  1859,  1860. 
John  Livermore,  1859,  1860. 
Edward  Milliken,  1859. 


Augustus  Russ,  1859. 
Charles  T.  Russell,  1859,  1860. 
Israel  Tibbetts,  1859,  1860,  1867. 
Joseph  V.  Wellington,  1859,  1860. 
Henry  Whitney,  Jr.,  1859,  1861. 
George  L.  Cade,  1860,  1864. 
Henry  M.  Chamberlain,  1860,  1861. 
Eben  M.  Dunbar,  1860,  1862. 
John  C.  Farnham,  1860,  1861. 
Watson  B.  Hastings,  1860,  1869. 
James  Jelly,  1860,  1861,  1863. 
John  H.  Leighton,  1860. 
James  Mellen,  1860,  1861,  1868. 
Nathan  K.  Noble,  1860,  1866. 
Josiah  Porter,  1860,  1861. 
Jonas  C.  Wellington,  1860,  1861. 
John  S.  Bates,  1861,  1862. 
Russell  S.  Edwards,  1861,  1862. 
John  A.  Ellis,  1861. 
William  Gibson,  1861,  1862. 
Isaac  C.  Holmes,  1861,  1862,  1872. 
William  F.  Knowles,  1861,  1862. 
J.  Warren  Merrill,  1861. 
John  S.  Pollard,  1861,  1862. 
Nathaniel  D.  Sawin,  1861,  1862. 
George  P.  Carter,  1862,  1863. 
K.  S.  Chaffee,  1862,  1863,  1867,  1871, 

1872,  1876. 
Hosea  Clark,  1862. 
P.  Stearns  Davis,  1862. 
Samuel  W.  Dudley,  1862. 
Edward  B.  P.  Kinsley,  1862. 
James  P.  Richardson,  1862. 
Joseph  H.  Tyler,  1862,  1873. 
John  Wilder,  1862. 
Sunnier  Albee,  1863-1865. 
Nathaniel  P.  Brooks,  1863-1866. 
Francis  C.  Foster,  1863,  1864. 
James  M.  Price,  1863,  1864. 
Henry  C.  Rand,  1863,  1864. 
George  E.  Richardson,  1863,  1864. 
Amos  C.  Sanborn,  1863-1865. 
Fordyce  M.  Stimson,  1863. 
James  M.  Thresher,  1863. 
William  Brine,  1864,  1865. 
William  Daily,  1864-1866. 
Samuel  H.  Folsom,  1864. 


1  Elected  March  24,  1872,  in  place  of  J.        2  Elected   May  24,   1858,  in   place  of 
Milton  Clark,  resigned.  John  H.  Fellows,  resigned. 


474 


HISTORY   OF   CAMBRIDGE. 


William  Hutchins,  1864. 
John  S.  March,  1864-1866. 
John  S.  Sawyer,  1864,  1865. 
Charles  B.  Stevens,  1864,  1865. 
James  H.  Wyeth,  1864,  1865. 
Walter  S.  Blanchard,  1865. 
Robert  O.  Fuller,  1865,  1866. 
Nathan  G.  Gooch,  1865,  1866. 
Samuel  C.  Knights,  1865,  1866. 
Arthur  Merrill,  1865,  1866. 
Phineas  Parker,  1865,  1866. 
Aaron  H.  Safford,  1865,  1866. 
Augustus  Towne,  1865,  1866. 
John  M.  Tyler,  1865. 
Bradley  C.'Whitcher,  1865. 
Joseph  Whittemore,  1865,  1866. 
Charles  W.  Eliot,  1866. 
Charles  A.  Fiske,  1866. 
Lewis  B.  Guyer,  1866. 
William  H.  Lounsbury,  1866. 
JohnMcDuffie,  1866,  1867. 
Charles  J.  Mclntire,  1866,  1867. 
Benjamin  R.  Rand,  1866,  1867. 
Samuel  F.  Woodbridge,  1866. 
Joseph  Child,  Jr.,  1867,  1868. 
Jeremiah  W.  Coveney,  1867,  1868. 
William  R.  Hurlbut,  1867. 
Lucien  S.  Learned,  1867,  1868. 
Horatio  Locke,  1867,  1868. 
Elijah  H.  Luke,  1867,  1868. 
William  J.  Marvin,  1867,  1868. 
Jabez  A.  Sawyer,  1867. 
Samuel  Snow,  1867,  1868,  1871. 
James  H.  Sparrow,  1867,  1868. 
Charles  F.  Walcott,  1867,  1868. 
Charles  C.  Clapp,  1868,  1869. 
Noah  M.  Cofran,  1868,  1869. 
Leander  Greely,  1868-1870. 
John  W.  Hammond,  1868. 
Henry  O.  Houghton,  1868. 
Bernard  J.  McCormic,  1868,  1869. 
Henry  W.  Muzzey,  1868,  1869. 
George  W.  T.  Riley,  1868. 
Frank  D.  Wheeler,  1868,  1873,  1874. 
Samuel  P.  Adams,  1869,  1870. 
George  R.  Brine,  1869,  1870. 
Joseph  H.  Converse,  1869-1871. 
James  H.  Hall,  1869,  1870. 

1  Elected  July  1,  1871,  in  place  of  Ezra 
Parmenter,  resigned. 


Orrin  W.  Hall,  1869. 

William  G.  Hill,  1869,  1870. 

George  W.  Homer,  1869. 

John     McSorley,     1869-1871,     1873, 

1877. 

James  Richardson,  1869-1871. 
Gustavus  A.  Smart,  1869,  1870. 
Seymour  B.  Snow,  1869,  1870,  1876. 
Daniel  H.  Thurston.  1869. 
Samuel  K.  Williams,  Jr.,  1869,  1870. 
Isaac  Bradford,  1870. 
J.  Milton  Clark,  1870,  1872. 
Thomas  Devens,  1870. 
Augustus  W.  Fix,  1870. 
Thomas  G.  Lally,  1870. 
Francis  M.  Mason,  1870,  1871. 
Robert  L.  Sawin,  1870. 
Robert  Stewart,  1870. 
John  Wilson,  1870,  1871. 
Augustus  P.  Clarke,  1871,  1873. 
Darius  Cobb,  1871. 
Joseph  Cogan,  1871,  1872,  1877. 
Joshua  G.  Gooch,  1871,  1872. 
James  E.  Hall,  1871,  1872. 
Levi  Hawkes,  1871,  1872. 
Wm.  L.  Lockhart,  1871. 
Charles  R.  Patch,  1871,  1872. 
Warren  G.  Roby,  1871.1 
Alonzo  R.  Smith,  1871. 
John  H.  Swiney,2  1871,  1872. 
Francis  H.  WThitman,  1871-1873. 
James  A.  Woolson,  1871. 
Sumner  J.  Brooks,  1872. 
George  B.  Hamlin,  1872. 
Joseph  G.  Holt,  1872. 
Thomas  L.  Huckins,  1872. 
Harrison  W.  Huguley,  1872. 
Francis  Ivers,  1872,  1873. 
John  L.  Porter,  1872. 
Thomas  L.  Smiih,  1872. 
Johr  Stone,  1872,  1873,  1875. 
Joseph  A.  Wellington,  1872. 
John  Clary,  1873-1876. 
Frank  Corcoran,  1873,  1874. 
G.  C.  W.  Fuller,  1873. 
Thomas  Grieves,  1873. 
Leander  M.  I  Ian  num.  1873. 
George  H.  Howard,  1873,  1874. 

2  Elected  May  15, 1871,  in  place  of  Wm. 
L.  Lockhart,  resigned. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


475 


John  F.  Hudson,  1873. 
Samuel  L.  Montague,  1873,  1874. 
Edward  H.  Norton,  1873,  1874. 
George  F.  Piper,  1873-1875. 
Charles  C.  Read,  1873,  1874. 
Richard  F.  Tobin,  1873. 
Thomas  H.  Emerson,  1874. 
John  J.  Fatal,  1874. 
Alexander  Frazer,  1874,  1875. 
Thomas  A.  Graham,  1874,  1875. 
John  J.  Henderson,  1874. 
Joseph  J.  Kelley,  1874,  1875. 
Charles  Laurie,  1874. 
James  Mellen  Jr.,  1874,  1875. 
John  T.  G.  Nichols,  1874,  1875. 
Charles  Quinn,  1874,  1875. 
Edmund  Reardon,  1874,  1875. 
Sulvilyer  H.  Sanborn,  1874,  1875. 
Frank  A.  Allen,  1875,  1876. 
William  E.  Doyle,  1875,  1876. 
Henry  D.  Forbes,  1875,  1876. 
David  Heffernan,  1875. 
Lemuel  Kempton,  1875. 
Charles  Moore,  1875,  1876. 
Jeremiah  Murphy,  1875,  1876. 
Hibbard  P.  Ross,  1875. 


Walter  S.  Swan,  1875. 
William  E.  Andrews,  1876. 
Joseph  H.  Bancroft,  1876. 
James  F.  Davlin,  1876. 
Benjamin  Dow,  1876.1 
Franklin  Gay,  1876. 
Archibald  M.  Howe,  1876,  1877. 
Isaac  A.  Nay,  1876.2 
William  Poland,  1876,  1877. 
Perez  G.  Porter,  1876,  1877. 
George  W.  Rawson,  1876,  1877. 
Silas  Rhoades,  1876,  1877. 
Daniel  B.  Shauohnessy,  1876,  1877. 
Benjamin  R.  Tilton,  1876. 
George  F.  Whiting,  1876,  1877. 
Henry  A.  Doherty,  1877. 
Woodward  Emery,  1877. 
Samuel  Noyes,  Jr.,  1877. 
Henry  K.  Parsons,  1877. 
John  T.  Scully,  1877. 
Joseph  W.  Smith,  1877. 
James  H.  Snow,  1877. 
Z.  H.  Thomas,  Jr.,  1877. 
Edward  P.  Tucker,  1877. 
Nathan  Underwood,  1877. 
Edward  H.  Whitney,  1877. 


Lucius  R.  Paige,  1846-1855. 
Henry  Thayer,8  1855,  1856. 


Abel  W.  Bruce,  1846-1848. 
Samuel  Slocomb,  1849-1855. 
Alonzo  J.  Webber,4  1855. 


CITY  CLERKS. 

Justin  A.  Jacobs,  1857-1877. 

CITY  TREASURERS. 

Joseph  A  Holmes,  1856,  1857. 
Joseph  Whitney,  1858-1877. 


CLERKS  OP  THK  COMMON  COUNCIL. 

Charles  S.  Newell,  1846-1848.  James  M.  Chase,  1856-1861. 

Eben  M.  Dunbar,  1849-1853.  Joseph  G.  Holt,  1862-1867. 


Henry  Thayer,  1854,  1855. 
Anson  J.  Stone,6  1855. 


J.  Warren  Cotton,  1868-1877. 


1  Elected  March  14,  1876,  in  place  of       *  Elected  Feb.  26,   1855,   in   place  of 
Wm.  E.  Andrews,  resigned.  Samuel  Slocomb,  resigned. 

a  Elected  March  14,  1876,  in  place  of       6  Elected  Oct.  1, 1855,  in  place  of  Henry 


Franklin  Gay,  deceased. 

8  Elected  Oct.  1,  1855,  in  place  of  Lu- 
cius R.  Paige,  resigned. 


Thayer,  resigned. 


ABBOTT,  DANIEL,  owned  a  house  in  1635,  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  which  he  sold  to  John  Russell,  and  removed  to 
Providence,  R.  L,  about  1639.  No  trace  is  found  here  of  his  family. 

2.  GEOKGE,  in  1715,  purchased  a  building  lot,  "near  Adams's  gate."  By 
w.  Rebecca,  he  had  Jacob,  b.  25  Jan.  1715-16;  George,  b.  2  Oct.  1718;  Re- 
becca, bap.  24  June  1721;  Rebecca,  bap.  22  Nov.  1724;  Samuel,  bap.  12  Mar. 
1726-7. 

ABDY,  MATTHEW,  "  Boston,  came  in  the  Abigail,  1635,  from  London,  was 
a  fisherman;  by  w.  Tabitha,  dau.  of  Robert  Reynolds  of  B.,  who  d.  1661, 
had  Mary,  b.  24  May  1648,  and  Tabitha,  24  Nov.  1652;  besides  Matthew, 
named  in  the  will  of  his  grandfather  R.  He  next  m.,  24  May  1662,  Alice 
Cox,  perhaps  dau.  of  Moses  of  Hampton."  Savage,  Gen.  Diet. 

2.  MATTHEW,  s.  of  Matthew  (1),  b.  about  1654,  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  An- 
drew Stevenson  of  Camb.,  and  wid.  of  Robert  Wilson  of  Sudbury.  Widow 
Ruth  Abdy,  who  d.  10  Dec.  1762,  aged  93,  was  a  subsequent  wife  of  Matthew. 
He  is  supposed  to  have  resided  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Mt.  Auburn  and  Hol- 
yoke streets,  and  to  have  died  in  1730,  leaving  no  posterity.  For  several 
years  he  was  a  fisherman;  but  in  1718  he  was  appointed  College  Sweeper  and 
Bedmaker,  an  office  in  which  his  widow  succeeded  him.  After  his  death, 
"  Father  Abdy's  Will,"  in  doggerel  rhyme,  afforded  much  amusement  on  both 
sides  of  the  Atlantic. 

ADAMS,  JOHN,  was  here  about  1650.  His  children,  by  w.  Ann,  were  Re- 
becca, bap.  in  England;  Mary,  John,  Joseph,  all  bap.  here;  Hannah,  bap.  17 
June  1660,  and  d.  25  Jan.  1660-61;  Daniel,  bap.  14  Sept.  1662,  and  d.  14  May 
1685.  Rebecca  m.  Nathaniel  Patten,  24  Nov.  1669,  and  d.  18  Dec.  1677. 
John  rem.  to  Sudbury,  m.  Hannah  Bent,  had  John,  1684,  Daniel,  1685,  Han- 
nah, 1688,  and  was  living  in  1714.  JOHN  the  father  resided  in  Menotomy, 
was  a  millwright,  and  d.  1706,  a.  about  85.  His  w.  Ann  was  living  in  1714. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (1),  received  from  his  father  a  deed  of  the  homestead, 
4  Sept.  1697.    He  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Thomas  Eames,  21  Feb.  1687-8,  but  I 
find  no  record  of  the  birth  or  baptism  of  their  children.     He  d.  20  July  1701, 
and  his  w.  Margaret  was  appointed  administratrix;  she  was  prob.  the  person 
whom.  Lieut.  Daniel  Dean  of  Concord,  27  Dec.  1705. 

3.  JOSEPH,  prob.  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  m.  Rebecca  Cutter  18  Jan.  1710-11;  she 

d.  12  Jan.  1717-18,  aged  24,  and  he  m.  Rachel ,  who  survived  him.     His 

chil.  were  Thomas,  b.  3  Dec.  1711,  and  d.  17  Nov.  1713;  Thomas,  b.  20  Aug. 
1713;  Joseph,  b.  3  July  1715;    Margaret,  b.  26  May  1717,  m.  —   -  Double- 
day;  Rebecca,  b.  12  Sept.  1720,  in.  Samuel  Kent  27  Nov.  1740;  Lucy,  b.  29 
Oct.  1722,  m.  John  Cutter,  Jr.,  21  May  1745,  and  d.  17  Ap.  1810;    William, 
b.  12  Jan.  17-24-5;  Anne,  b.  8  July  1729,  m.  Peter  Tufts,  Jr.,  of  Charlestown, 
19  Ap.   1750;   Mary,  b.   12  May  1733,  m.  Nathan  Tufts  of  Charlestown,  6 

l  I  adopt  this  plan  of  a  Genealogical  Reg-  dau.,    for   daughter,    etc.    The    ivimes    of 

ister,  because   it   is  less   complicated  than  towns   are  also   sometimes   abbreviated,  as 

others,    yet   sufficiently    particular    for  all  Bos.,  for  Boston;    Camb.,  for  Cambridge: 

practical  purposes.     The  system  is  too  plain  Chs.,   for  Charlestown;    Lex.,  for   Lexiug- 

and   obvious    to    require    an}'  explanation,  ton;  Medf.,  for  Medford;   Menot.,  for  Me- 

The  ordinary  abbreviations  are  used,  such  notomy;    Som.,  for   Somerville;    Wat.,  for 

as  a.,  for  aged;  b.,  for  born;  bap.,  for  bap-  Watertown;  and  if  there  be  any  other,  the 

tized;  d.,  for  died;  m.,  for  married;  f.,  for  reference  will  be  easily  perceived, 
father;  w.,  for  wife  or  widow;  s.,  for  son; 


478  ADAMS. 

June  1751.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  selectman  five  years,  and  d.  18  Oct.  1774,  a. 
86.     His  w.  Rachel  d.  1  Aug.  1775,  a.  85. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m    Anna  Frost,  22   Sept.  1737;   she  d.  at 
Worcester  6  Oct.  1740,  and  he  in.  Lydia  Chadwick;    she  also  d.  at  Wore., 
1748,  and  he  ra.  Elizabeth  Bowman  of  Camb.  15  Sept.  1754.     His  chil.  were 
Joseph,  b. ,  d.  at  Wore.,  1740  ;  Hannah,  b.  13  Ap.  1743,  in.  Walter  Rus- 
sell   17  Dec.   1761,  and  (2d)  Enos  Jones  26   Dec.  1790;  John,  b.    22  Jan. 
1744-5,  m.  Joanna  Munroe  of  Lexington,  by  whom  he  had  nine  children,  all 
b.  in  Ashburnham,  from  which  place  he  removed,  in  his  old  age,  to  Hartford, 
Penn.,  where  he  d.  26  Feb.  1849,  aged  one  hundred  and  four  years  and  one 
month;  Lydia,  b.  20  Aug.  1755,  m.   Lemuel  Blanchard,  and   (2d)  Joseph 
Thorndike,  Esq.,  of  Jaffrey,  N.  H.;  Lucretia,  b.  2  Aug.  1757,  m.  Ethan  Weth- 
erbee  31  Dec.  1775;  Ebenezer-Thomas,  b.  10  Jan.  1762,  m.  Polly  Goodwin  of 
Charlestown  20  June  1784.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  captain,  resided  a  few 
years  at  Wore.,  but  returned  to  Menot.  about  1748,  where  he  kept  a  tavern, 
and  d.  there  in  October  1802,  a.  89. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Ephraim  Frost,  10  Jan. 
1739-40;  she  d.  23  Dec.  1749,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Hall  11   Sept.  1750.     His 
chil.  were  Anna,  b.  14  Dec.  1740,  m.  Timothy  Tufts  of  Medf.  7  May,  1761, 
and  d.  8  Oct.  1825;   Joseph,  b.  29  Nov.  1743,  m.  Lucy  Kent   6  Sept.  1770; 
Martha,  b.  25  Sept.  1746,  in.  Samuel  Locke,  Jr.,  16  May  1771;   Thomas,  b.  19 
July  1751,  m.  Martha  Stone  28  May  1780,  rem.  to  New  Salem,  where  he  d. 
27  June  1848,  a.  nearly  97;  his  w.  Martha  d.  22  Jan.  1847,  a.  96;  Rebecca,  b. 
16  Aug.   1753,  d.  unm.   19  May  1834;  Hannah,  b.  12  April  1756,  m.  Peter 
Tufts,  3d,  of  Medf.  22  July  1773,  and  d.  24  Jan.  1843;  Susanna,  b.  26  June 
1758,  m.  Gershom  Teele  of  Medf.  3  Oct.  1776,  and  d.  28  June  1828;  Mary, 
b.  13  Feb.  1761,  m.  Benjamin  Winship,  4  April  1788,  and  d.  2  Oct.  1846; 
Nathan,  b.  9  Aug.  1763,  res.  in  Medf.,  where  he  d.  25  Mar.  1842;  Joel,  b.  23 
Aug.  1765,  m.  Sybil  Stone  of  Medf.,  23  Aug.  1788,  and  d.  at  New  Salem,  8 
Feb.  1841;  Amos,  twin  with  Joel,  b.  23  Aug.  1765,  m.  Lydia  Adams  19  April 
1790,  and  d.  24  Mar.  1844;  Daniel,  b.  14  Mar.  1768,  m.  Phebe  Britton  3  June 
1793;  Abigail,  b.  18  Sept.  1772,  m.  Joseph  Convers  of  Medf.  19  Oct.  1800; 
Ann,  b.  1  April  1775,  m.  James  Hill  11   Oct.  1796.     JOSKPH  the  f.  was  for 
many  years  deacon  of  the  church  in  Menotomy,  now  Arlington,  Selectman  four 
years,  and  d.  3  May  1794,  a.  79;   his  w.  Hannah  d.  13  Aug.  1803,  a.  73. 
When  her  youngest  child  was  eighteen  days  old,  Mrs.  Adams  was  driven  from 
her  home  by  the  British  troops  on  their  retreat  from  Lex.,  and  the  house  was 
set  on  fire;  but  the  flames  were  extinguished  before  much  damage  resulted 

6.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Sarah  Hill  14  June  1750,  and  had  John, 
b.  25  July  1751;  William,  b.  12  Dec.  1753,  m.  Hannah  Stone  26  June  1781, 
and  d.  9  July  1820;  Sarah,  b.  10  April  1756,  m.  James  Perry  19   Oct.  1773, 
and  d.  19  July  1780;  Lucy,  b.  7  Sept.  1758,  m.  John  Cutter,  3d,  4  Feb.  1777, 
and  d.  9  Nov.  1830;  Anna,  b.  1  Mar.  1761,  m.  Richard  Hay  of  Chs.  25  Mar. 
1781;  Rebecca,  b.  12  June  1764  ;  Lydia,  b.  2  Sept.  1767,  m.  Edward  Russell, 
9  May  1786;  Margaret,  b.  12  Nov.  1769,  m.  Thomas  Russell  of  Chs.  25  Nov. 
1788;  Mary,  b.  9  July  1772,  m.   Nathaniel  Russell   of  Chs.  8  Mar.    1795; 
Susanna,  b.  10  April  1778.    WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  captain,  and  d.  10  Sept. 
1787,  a.  63:  his  w.  Sarah  d.  11  Nov.  1805,  a.  74. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (6),  m.  Ruth  Perry  2  Dec.   1773;  she  d.  12  July 
1776,  a.  24,  and  he  m.   Elizabeth  Gardner  of  Chs.  18  Nov.  1777  ;  she  d.  20 
April  1785,  a.   29,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Phelps  6  July  1786.     His  chil.  were 
John,  b.  7  June  1774,  m.   Susanna  Cutter,  5  April  1798  ;  James,  b.  7  May 
1776,  and   d.   24  Aug.  1776  ;  James,  b.  28  July  1778,  and  d.  16  Dec.  1818; 
Bettey,  b.  28  Feb.   1780,  m.  David  Hill  13  Sept.  1799  ;  Joseph,  b.  15  April 

1782,  m.  Elizabeth ,  and  d.  10  Dec.  1819  ;  Sarah,  b. ,  m.  Thomas 

Fillebrown,  Jr.,  31  Jan.  1808  ;    William,  b, .  m.  Sukey  Foster  17  Sept. 

1818,  and  d.  26  March  1827;  Samuel,  b. ,  m.  Anna  Whittemore  of  Chs. 

26  May  1822  ;  Amos,  b.  1792,  and  d.  29  Sept.  1794;  Lydia,  b.  9  Nov.  1797  ; 
Hannah,  b.  25  Sept.  1799,  and  d.  unm.  14  Oct.  1821  ;  Amos,  b.  16  Nov.  1804, 
m.  Rebecca  Whittemore  25  June  1834.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  deacon  of  the 


ADAMS  —  AMSDEN.  479 

Church  in  Menot.  and  d.  31  Mar.  1819,  a.  67  ;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  16  Dec. 
1854,  a.  93. 

8.  GKOKGE,  s.  of  George  Adams  (who  was  of  Watertown  in  1645,  rein,  to 
Camb.  Farms  about  1664,  and  was  killed  at  Wat.  10  Oct.  1696,  by  the  fall  of 
a  rock,  according  to  the  verdict  of  Coroner's  Jury,  preserved  hi  the  Suffolk 
Court  Files),  in.  Martha  Fiske  20  Jan.  1683-4,  and  had  George,  b.  28  April 
1685,  a  "bone-setter"  or  "  chirurgeon,"  d.  at  Wat.  8  Feb.  1767  ;  Martha, 
b.  10  Jan.  1686-7  ;  John,  b.  2  Sept.  1688  ;  Nathaniel  and  Sarah,  both  bap. 
at  Wat.  12  June  1698  ;  Benjamin,  b.  20  Dec.  1701.  By  second  w.  Judith  he 
had  Lydia,  b.  9  July  1706  ;  Jonas,  b.  6  June  1708  ;  Judith,  b.  15  Sept.  1709  ; 
Elizabeth,  b.  8  July  1712. 

JEREMY,  was  here  in  1632,  and  removed  with  Hooker  to  Hartford.  He 
served  as  Deputy  in  the  General  Court  of  Connecticut.  Hinman.  THOMAS, 
sold  a  house  and  nine  acres  of  upland  "at  the  Fresh  Pond,"  in  1638,  to 
Nathaniel  Sparhawk.  WILLIAM,  owned  a  house  on  the  south  side  of  Brattle 
Street,  not  far  westerly  from  Ash  Street,  in  1638.  HENRY,  bought  of  Moses 
Payne  a  house  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  South  streets,  in  1646,  and 
in  the  same  year  sold  it  to  William  Manning,  Jr.  All  these  probably  left 
Cambridge  early,  as  no  trace  of  their  families  appears  on  the  Records. 

ALBONE.     See  LUXFORD. 

ALDUS,  NATHAN,  is  named  in  1642,  as  occupying  the  estate  at  the  westerly 
corner  of  Dunster  Street  and  Harvard  Square. 

ALEXANDER,  JOHN,  by  w.  Beatrix,  or  Beatrice,  had  Martha,  b.  16  July 
1668  ;  Deliverance,  b.  17  Jan.  1671  ;  and  Elizabeth,  b.  16  Sept.  1674. 

ALLEN,  MATTHEW,  was  here  in  1632,  and  in  1635  he  owned  the  estate  at 
the  N.  W.  corner  of  Winthrop  and  Dunster  streets.  He  also  owned  the  oppo- 
site corner,  south  of  Winthrop  Street.  He  was  a  Deputy  in  the  General 
Court,  3  Mar.  1635-6,  removed  to  Connecticut  with  Hooker,  and  settled  at 
Windsor,  where  he  d.  1670,  having  had  children,  John,  Thomas,  and  Mary. 
Mr.  Allen  sustained  a  high  rank  among  his  fellow  colonists  ;  held  several  town 
offices,  and  served  as  Juror,  Deputy,  Magistrate,  and  Assistant,  in  the  Colony 
government.  He  was»also  appointed  by  the  Colony,  in  1660  and  1664,  one  of 
the  "  Commissioners  of  the  United  Colonies," —  an  office  fully  equal  in  dig- 
nity and  importance  to  that  of  Senator  in  the  Congress  of  the  United  States. 
Hinman  and  Hazard. 

AMES,  JOANNA,  was  buried  23  Dec.  1644.  She  was  widow  of  "  that 
famous  light,"  and  distinguished  Puritan  clergyman,  William  Ames,  D.  D. 
She  came  to  N.  Kng.  in  the  summer  of  1637,  then  aged  50.  Mather  says  "  Dr. 
Ames  had  a  design  to  follow  Mr.  Hooker;  but  he  died  soon  after  Mr.  Hooker's 
removal  from  Rotterdam.  However,  his  widow  and  children  afterwards  came 
to  N.  Eng.,  where,  having  her  house  burnt,  and  being  reduced  unto  much  pov- 
erty and  affliction,  the  charitable  heart  of  Mr.  Hooker  and  others  that  joined 
with  him,  upon  advice  thereof,  comfortably  provided  for  them."  Mrs.  Ames 
resided  for  a  time  in  Salem,  before  she  came  to  Camb.  The  General  Court,  15 
Nov.  1637,  "gave  £40  to  Mrs.  Ames,  the  widow  of  Doctor  Ames  of  famous 
memory."  Her  children  were  William;  Ruth,  who  married  Edmund  Angier 
and  d.  3  July  1656;  and  John,  who  came  with  her  to  New  England. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  the  foregoing,  grad.  H.  C.  1645,  returned  to  England  ; 
succeeded  his  father  in  the  ministry  at  Wrentham  ;  was  ejected,  under  the 
Act  of  Uniformity,  1662,  and  d.  1689,  a.  65.  Winthrop. 

AMSDEN,  ISAAC,  m.  Francis  Perriman  8  June  1654,  and  had  Isaac,  b. 
prob.  1655  ;  Jacob,  b.  17  Nov.  1657.  ISAAC  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  owned 
land  south  of  the  river.  He  d.  7  Ap.  1659,  and  his  w.  Frances  m.  Richard 
Cutter  14  Feb.  1662-3. 

2.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Isaac  (1),  m.  Jane,  dau.  of  John  Rutter  of  Marlborough,  17 
May  1677,  and  had,  in  Camb.,  Elizabeth,  b.  3  Feb.  1677-8,  and  Isaac,  b.  28 
Aug.  1680.  Soon  after  1680  he  removed  to  Marlborough,  where  he  was  living 
in  T727.  His  w.  Jane,  in  her  will,  dated  Feb.  1729-30  and  proved  26  May 
1  740,  names  children,  Isaac,  John,  Thomas,  Jacob,  Abraham,  Elizabeth  Read, 
and  grandchild,  Amity  Wheeler. 


480  AMSDEN  —  ANDREW. 

3.  JACOB,  s.  of  Isaac  (1),  in.  Susanna,  dau.  of  John  Marrett,  and  resided 
on  the  westerly  side  of  Ash  Street.  He  was  a  glazier,  and  in  1681,  contracted 
"  to  repair  the  glass  of  our  meeting-house,  for  ten  shillings  ;  and  to  keep  it  in 
repair  for  seven  years  following,  for  fifteen  shillings  a  year."  He  d.  11  June 
1701,  and  his  w.  Susanna  d.  16  Oct.  1707,  without  issue. 

ANDREW,  WILLIAM,  was  here  as  early  as  1634,  and  in  1635  resided  at  the 
N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets  ;  which  estate  he  sold  in  1637, 
and  purchased  a  house  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  South  streets.  He 
was  a  mariner,  but  served  as  Constable  (then  a  very  important  office)  in  1635 
and  1640,  and  Selectman  in  1635.  His  w.  Mary  d.  19  Jan.  1639-40,  and  he 
m.  wid.  Reana  James  of  Watertown  about  Aug.  1640 ;  their  marriage  contract 
is  dated  11  Aug.  1640.  He  d.  1652,  leaving  an  only  son  Samuel,  b.  about 
1621.  His  w.  Reana  m.  Robert  Daniel  2  May  1654,  who  d.  6  July  1655, 
and  she  then  m.  a  fourth  husband,  Elder  Edmund  Frost,  whom  also  she  sur- 
vived. The  date  of  her  death  does  not  appear. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  inherited  the  homestead,  which  he  sold  in 
1680,  and  purchased  the  estate  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mt.  Auburn 
streets.     He  m.  Elizabeth  White,  22  Sept.  1652,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  29  Jan. 
1655-6;   William,  b.  7  June  1658;  John,  b.  2  Mar.  1660-61,  d.  30  May  1693  ; 
Elizabeth,  b.  5  Ap.  1663,  m.  William  Gedney  of  Salem,  25  May  1704;  Thomas, 
b.  13  May  1665,  d.  24  Feb.  1666-7;  Mary,  b.  28  Dec.  1666,  d.  20  June  1667  ; 
Thomas,  b.   23  March  1667-8,  had   "been  missing"  four  years,  in  1698,  and 
does  not  appear  to  have  returned  afterwards  ;  Mary,  b.  22  Feb.  1671-2,  d. 
29  Feb.   1671-2  ;  Jonathan,  named  in  his  father's  will  as  the  youngest  son, 
1698,  d.  9  May  1700  ;  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  in  early  life  a  mariner,  and  is  men- 
tioned as  follows:   "  Mr.  Jonas  Clarke  and  Mr.   Samtiell  Andrews,  both  well 
skilled  in  the  mathematics,  having  had  the  command  of  ships  upon  several 
voyages,  being  appointed  to  take  an  observation  at  the  northerly  bounds  of 
our  Patent  upon  the  seacoast,"  submitted  a  report  to  the  General  Court,  dated 
29  Oct.  1653.     He  was  Constable,   1666,  Selectman,   1681-1693,  Town  Clerk 
1682-1693,  Town  Treasurer,  1694-1699,  and  County  Treasurer  from  1683  to 
1700,  except  during  the  usurpation  by  Andros.     He  d.^1  June  1701,  a.  80. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1675  ;  was  Fellow  of  the  Col- 
lege ;  ordained  at  Milford,  Conn..  18  Nov.  1685;   united  with  Rev.  Messrs. 
Pierpont  and  Russell  in  concerting  a  plan  for  the  foundation  of  Yale  College, 
1698  ;  was  one  of  its  first  Board  of  Fellows  1700  ;  and  served  in  that  capac- 
ity during  life;  was  its  acting  President  between  1707  and  1719;  and  d.  24 
Jan.  1738.     He  was  prob.  f.  of  Samuel  Andrew,  who  grad.  Y.  C.  1711. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  by  w.  Seeth,  had  Seeth,  b.  1690,  d.  21  Sept. 
1700  ;   William;  Samuel;  Jonathan,  b.   1696,  d.  28  Oct.   1717  ;  Elizabeth,™. 
Thomas  Stone  of  Sudbury  18  June  1730  ;  Mary,  bap.  10  Aug.  1701.      WIL- 
LIAM the  f.   was  a  merchant,  and  inherited  the  homestead.     He  d.  13  June 
1702  ;  his  w.  Seeth  in.  Zechariah  Hicks,  and  was  living  in  1740.     The  eldest 
son  William  was  living  in  1704 ;  but  on  the  final  division  of  the  estate  in  1740 
his  name  does  not  appear,  and  he  prob.  d.  without  issue.     Mary  was  living 
unm.  in  1  753,  when  the  Selectmen  represented  her  to  be  insane,  and  in  need 
of  a  guardian.     Mary  Andrew,  perhaps  the  same,  d.  at  Menot.  7  Dec.  1  756. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (4),  grad.  H.  C.  1714.     Winthrop  calls  him   a 
"  preacher  "  ;  but  he  is  not  so  designated  on  the  Catalogue,  and  no  evidence 
has  been  found  that  he  was  ever  ordained.     He  appears  to  have  resided  on 
the  homestead  in  Camb.  until  1745,  when  he  and  his  sisters  sold  it  to  Edward 
Marrett,  Jr.     He  m.  Elizabeth  Cooper,  10  Ap.  1741.      Administration  on  his 
estate  was  granted   18  May  1747,  in  which  year  he  probably   died,  without 
issue. 

6.  THOMAS,  perhaps  brother  to  William   (1),  had  by  w.  Rebecca,  Thomas, 
b.  at  Watertown  15  Oct.  1641  ;  Daniel;  Rebecca,  b.  at  Cambridge  18  Ap. 
1646,  m.  John  Frost  26  June  1666,  who  d.  in  1672,  and  she  m.  George  Jacobs, 
Jr.,  of  Salem  Village.    THOMAS,  the  f.  d.  about  1647,  and  his  w.  Rebecca  m. 
Nicholas  Wyeth,  who  d.   19  July  1680  ;  she  m.  (3d)  Thomas   Fox  16  Dec. 
1685,  andd.  in  1698. 


ANDREW  —  ANGIER.  481 

7.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (6),  m.  Martha  Eccles  30  Oct.  1673,  and  had 
dau.  Rebecca,  who  m.  Samuel  Bowman  21  Nov.  1700,  and  d.  18  Nov.  1713. 
THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  mason;  Constable,  1686,  1696,  and  resided  on  the  easterly 
side  of  North  Avenue,  near  the  Fitchburg  Railroad.  This  estate  he  conveyed 
to  his  dau.  Rebecca  5  Feb.  1699-1700,  shortly  before  her  marriage  to  Bowman. 

8  DANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (6),  b.  Mar.  1643-4,  was  a  mason  ;  received  deed 
of  house  and  land  east  of  North  Avenue  28  Feb.  1666-7  ;  and  removed  to 
Salem,  where  he  was  schoolmaster  in  1672.  He  was  a  representative  of  Salem 
Village  in  1689,  and  suspected  of  witchcraft  in  1692. 

ANGIKR,  EDMUND,  '•  The  youngest  of  four  sons  of  John  Angier,  a  person  of 
good  account  and  property  at  Dedham,''  England  (Co//.  Mass,  Hist.  Soc.,  xxx. 
166),  was  here  in  1636;  m.  Ruth  Ames,  "daughter  of  that  famous  light,  Dr. 
Ames,"  who  d.  3  July  1656;  he  m.  Anna  Batt  of  Newbury  12  June  1657, 
whod.  3  Oct.  1688,  a.  57.  His  children  were  John,  b.  21  Aug.  1645,  d."2  Jan. 
1647-8;  Ruth,  b.  28  Sept.  1647,  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Cheever  of  Marblehead  ; 
John,  b.  22  Ap.  1649,  d.  young  ;  Ephraim,  b.  1652,  d.  unm.  16  Jan.  167H-9,  a 
merchant  ;  Samuel,  b.  17  Mar.  1654  or  1655  ;  Jotin,  b.  2  June  1656,  d.  25  Jan. 
1657-8;  Edmund,  b.  20  Sept.  1659,  d.  young;  Anna,  b.  9  Dec.  1660,  d.  unm. 
23  Jan.  1690-1;  Mary,  bap.  10  May  1663,  d.  young  ;  John,  bap.  15  May  1664, 
d.  3  July  1664;  Nathaniel,  bap.  14  May  1665,  d.  young:  Elizabeth,  bap.  22 

Sept.  1667,  m.  Rev.  Jonathan  Pierpont  of  Reading;  Mary,  b. ,  m.  John 

March  of  Newbury;  Sarah,  b. ,  m.  Rev.  Christopher  Tappan  (or  Toppan) 

of  Newbury,  13  Dec.  1698.  Of  these  fourteen  children,  only  five  were  living 
in  1703,  when  the  four  married  daughters  and  their  husbands  executed  an 
agreement  with  their  brother,  Rev.  Samuel  Angier  of  Watertown.  EDMUND 
the  f.  was  a  grocer  or  merchant,  sometimes  styled  "  woolen-draper,"  ami 
resided  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mt.  Auburn  streets,  his  store  be- 
ing on  the  opposite  or  S.  E.  corner.  He  d.  4  Mar.  1691-2,  a.  80. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1673  ;  ordained  at  Rehoboth, 
now  Seekonk,   15  Oct.    1679;    installed  at  Watertown,  West  Parish,  25  May 
1697.     He  in.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Rev.   Urian  Oakes,  2  Sept.   1680,  who  d.   15 
Aug.  1714,  a.  55,  and  was  buried  at  Cambridge.     He  d.  21  Jan.  1719,  leaving 
children  thus  named  in  his  will  :    Ames,  Edmund,   Samuel,  Urian,  Ephraim, 
Oakes,  John,  Ruth,  Eunice,  Sarah.    Of  these,  Ames,  b.  29  June  1681,  grad.  H. 
C.  1701,  and  d.  1720  ;  Edmund  and  Samuel  resided  here;   Urian  was  of  Sud- 
bury  ;    Ephraim,   a  saddler,   m.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Goddard  of  Wat.   30  April 
1717,  and  d.  there  19  Oct.  1724  ;  Oakes,  a  saddler,  m.  Abigail  Coolidge,  12  Feb. 
1703-4,  and  resided  in  the  village  which  was   so  long  known  as  "  Angier's 
Corner"  in  Newton;  John,  b.  1  July  1701,   grad   H.  C.    1724,   ordained  at 
East  Bridgewater  28   Oct.   1724,  and   d.   14   April   1787;  Ruth,    m.  Francis 
Bowman  of  Lex.,  and  d.  23  July  1754,  a.  70;  Eunice,  d.  unm.  at  E.  Bridge- 
water.  1771,  a.  73  ;  Sarah,  m.  Rev.  John  Shaw  of  Bridgewater  (she  was  mother 
of  Rev.  Oakes  Shaw  of  Barnstable,  H.  C.  1758,  whose  son  Lemuel    Shaw, 
H.  C.  1800,  was  Chief  Justice  of   the  Supreme  Court;    of    Rev.  Bezaleel 
Shaw  of  Nantucket,  H.   C.  1762,  whose  only  child  was   Elizabeth,  wife  of 
Dr.   Andrew   Craigie  of  Camb. ;  of  Rev.  William  Shaw  of  Marshfield,  II.  C. 
1762  ;  of  Rev.  John   Shaw  of  Haverhill,  H.  C.  1772  ;  and  of  Ruth  Shaw, 
who  m.  Gen.  Nathaniel  Goodwin,  and  gave  birth  to  the  Rev.  Ezra  S.  Goodwin 
of  Sandwich,  H.  C.  1807).     Hannah,  the  eldest  dau.  of  Rev.  Mr.  Angier,  d. 
unm.  at  Watertown  27  Sept.  1714,  a.  32. 

3.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  an  innholder.     In  1710,  his  father  gave 
him  a  house  and  f  ac.  of  land  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mt.  Auburn 
streets;  and  he  afterwards  inherited  house  and  about  two  acres  bounded  S.  and 
E.  on  Bow  Street.    He  m.,  9  Ap.  1717,  Abiel,  wid.  of  John  Hovey,  who  had  for 
several  years  owned  and  kept  the  original  "  Blue  Anchor  Tavern,"  at  the  N.  E. 
corner  of  Brighton  and  Mt.  Auburn  streets,  which  tavern  Mr.  Angier  appears 
to  have  kept  for  the  remainder  of  his  life.     Their  children  were  William,  b. 
9  Dec.  1717;  Mary,  b.   7  May   1719,  m.  Rev.  Joshua  Prentice  of  Holliston 
9  Nov.   1743,  d.  1754;  Samuel,  b.  15  July  1722.     EDMUND  the  f.  d.  4   Ap. 
1724,  a.  38,  and  his  w.  Abiel  m.  Isaac  Watson,  27  Aug.  1725. 

31 


482  ANGIER  — BACON. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  a  shoemaker,  and  resided  at  the  home- 
stead of  his  grandfather,  N.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mt.  Auburn  streets, 

and  used  the  old  store  on  the  opposite  corner  for  a  shop.    He  m.  Dorothy , 

and  had  Dorothy,  b.  16  Oct.  1713,  m.  Rev.  Gad  Hitchcock  of  Pembroke  22 
Dec.  1748;  Hannah,  b.   11  Feb.  1715-6,  m.  Rev.  Ebenezer  Gay  of   Suffield 
7  July  1742;  Sybil,  b.  5  Sept.  1718,  m.  Daniel  Farnham  of  Newbury  11  July 
1749,  probably  the  graduate  of  1739;  Patience,  b.  9  Jan.  1721-2,  d.  21  Feb. 
1721-2.     SAMUEL  the  £.  d.  6  Mar.  1721-2,  a.  "  34  years  and  6  mo."     His  w. 
Dorothy  was  living,  a  widow,  in  1750,  when  she  and  her  three  daughters  sold 
the  homestead  to  Ebenezer  Stedman. 

5.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Edmund  (3),  was  a  tanner,  and  inherited  real  estate  of 
his  father.     He  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Dea.  Samuel  Whittemore,  15  Sept.  1742; 
she  d.  and  he  in.  Elizabeth  Dana  (prob.  dau.  of  Thomas)    18  Dec.  1760.    His 
children  were,  William,  b.  12  July  1743,  d.  13  Sept.   1743;  Ruth,  b.  10  Ap. 

1745,  m. Wiswall;  living  in   1784;  Mary,  b.  26  Feb.  1746-7,  d.  young; 

Sarah,  b.  4  June,  1749,  m.  John  Hildreth  of  Boston,  3  Jan.  1776;  Hannah, 
bap.  4   Oct.  1761;  Hannah,  bap.   3    Oct.   1762;    William,  bap.   1  July   1764; 
Margaret,  bap.  15   June  1766;  Mary,  bap.  18  Sept.  1768,  m.   Edmund  Win- 
ship,  3  Dec.  1789;  Lydia  and  Hannah,  twins,  bap.  27  Feb.  1774.     WILLIAM 
the  f.  was  a  Captain  in  two  campaigns,  1758,  1760,  in  the  French  War.     To- 
wards the  close  of  life  he  became  poor,  and  d.  in  the  almshouse,  11  Dec. 
1796,  a.  79. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edmund  (3),  grad.  H.  C.  1748,  taught  school  at  Medford, 
and  preached  for  several  years,  though  he  was  probably  never  ordained.     He 
d.  23  Aug.  1775,  a.  53. 

APPLETON,  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Hon.  John  Appleton,  and  grandson  of  Pres- 
ident Rogers,  was  b.  at  Ipswich,  9  Dec.  1693,  in.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Rev.  Henry 
Gibbs  of  Wat.  1719-20,  and  had  Margaret,  b.  29  Nov.  1720,  m.  Rev.  Joshua 
Prentice  9  Jan.  1755;  Jose,  b.  9  Mar.  1722-3,  d.  6  June  1723;  Nathaniel,  b. 
22  Feb.  1724-5,  d.  1  Dec.  1726;  Elizabeth,  b.  16  Dec.  1726,  m.  Dr.  Isaac 
Rand,  10  Jan.  1754;  Mehitabel,  b.  6  Dec.  1728,  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Haven,  11 
Jan.  1753;  John,  b.  23  Mar.  1729-30,  d.  22  May  1730;  Nathaniel,  b.  5  Oct. 
1731,  H.  C.  1749,  loan  officer,  d.  25  June  1798;  Mercy,  b.  18  Jan.  1732-3,  d. 
4  July  1733  ;  Mercy,  b.  24  Aug.  1734,  d.  12  Sept.  1734;  Henry,  bap.  29  May 
1737,  H.  C.  1755,  merchant  in  Portsmouth,  d.  5  Sept.  1768;  John,  bap.  1  April 

1739,  H.  C.  1757,  merchant  in   Salem,  d.  Mar.  1817;  Samuel,  bap.  11  May 

1740,  prob.  d.  young.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1712,  and  was  Fellow 
of  the  Corporation,  1717-1779.     He  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  church  in 
Cambridge  9  Oct.  1717,  and  remained  in  office  more  than  sixty-six  years.     In 
1771  his  Alma  Mater  conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  D.  D.,  an  honor  never 
bestowed  before  by  that  college,  except  on  President  Mather  about  eighty 
years  previously.     Dr.  Appleton  d.  9  Feb.  1784,  aged  ninety  years  and  two 
months;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  17  Jan.  1771,  a.  72. 

AUNOLD,  JOHN,  in  1635,  resided  on  the  south  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  be- 
tween Brighton  and  Eliot  streets.  He  removed  with  Hooker's  company,  and 
was  "  of  Hartford,  1639,  in  the  division  of  lands.  He  died  in  1664,  and  left 
children,  Josiah,  Joseph,  and  Daniel."  Hinman. 

AUSTIN,  JONAS,  about  1638,  sold  "two  acres  of  planting  ground  in  the 
west  end." 

BACON,  MICHAEL,  of  Woburn,  in  1648,  bought  of  Roger  Shaw  a  farm  in 
the  northwesterly  part  of  Camb.  (now  Bedford),  including  "  all  the  meadow 
adjoining  to  the  great  swamp  near  the  east  corner  of  Concord  bounds,  that 
falls  in  Cambridge  bounds."  The  Shawshine  River  runs  from  this  "  great 
swamp,"  on  which  Mr.  Bacon  is  said  to  have  erected,  before  "  Philip's  War" 
in  1675,  a  mill,  which  was  very  recently,  if  it  is  not  now,  standing.  He  had 
a  son  Michael,  and  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  ancestor  of  the  large  family 
of  his  name,  in  Bedford. 

2.  DANIEL,  brother  of  Michael  (2),  was  early  in  Bridgewater,  and  owned 
land  there,  "  which  he  sold  to  his  nephew,  Michael  Bacon,  Jr.,  of  Billerica." 
He  "  was  one  of  the  jury  for  laying  out  highways  in  1664,  and  is  mentioned 


BACON  — BARRETT.  4&o 

again  in  1668,  but  the  family  early  left  the  town."  Mitchell.  In  1668,  he 
purchased  a  house  and  6  acres  near  Angier's  corner,  about  which  time  he  prob- 
ably came  to  Cambridge.  His  w.  was  Mary,  dau.  of  Thomas  Read  of  Colches- 
ter, Essex  Co.,  England;  and  their  children,  recorded  here  in  1674,  but  prob. 
all  born  in  Bridgewater,  were  Isaac,  b.  14  Ap.  1650;  Rachel,  b.  8  June  1652; 
Jacob,  b.  2  June  1654;  Lydia,  b.  6  Mar.  1656-7.  They  had  also  son  John,  to 
whom  the  father  gave  deed  of  land  in  Watertown,  Feb.  1678-9,  "  in  observ- 
ance of  the  last  will  and  testament  "  of  his  grandfather  Read.  DANIEL  the 
f.  was  a  tailor,  and  d.  7  Sept.  1691. 

3.  JACOB,  s.  of  Daniel  (2),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Mar.  1677-8, 
d.  6  Ap.  1678  7  Jacob,  b.  9  Ap.  1680  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  27  Mar.  1682  ;  Ruhamah, 
b.  8  Ap.  1686. 

BALLARD,  SAMUEL,  m.  Hannah  Belcher,  2  Sept.  1678.  SAKAH,  m.  Caleb 
Dana,  Jr.,  24  May  1756. 

BANBRIDGE,  GUY,  had  a  grant  of  land  in  Aug.  1634,  and  resided  at  the  S. 
E.  corner  of  Garden  and  Mason  streets.  His  name  appears  in  the  records 
under  an  unusual  variety  of  forms,  — such  as  Bambrige,  Bambrigg,  Bainbrick, 
Banbridge,  Banbricke,  Banbrook,  and  Benbricke.  He  was  buried  10  Ap. 
1645.  His  w.  Justice  subsequently  exchanged  the  homestead,  with  William 
Towne,  for  a  house  on  the  east  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Harvard  and 
Mt.  Auburn  streets,  which  she  sold  to  Nathaniel  Hancock,  6  Oct.  1666.  She 
was  living,  and  received  alms  of  the  church,  1670.  No  account  of  posterity 
has  been  found,  except  the  incidental  remark  in  the  Church  Record,  that  Jane, 
the  first  wife  of  Capt.  Samuel  Green,  was  "  daughter  to  the  foresaid  Justice 
Bainbrick." 

BANCROFT,  ROGER,  in  1639,  purchased  house  and  half  an  acre  on  the  south 
side  of  Brattle  Street,  not  far  westerly  from  Ash  Street.  He  d.  28  Nov.  1653, 
leaving  w.  Elizabeth,  but  apparently  no  children.  His  w.  must  have  had  un- 
common attractions,  it  would  seem  ;  for  she  successively  m.  three  additional 
husbands,  to  wit,  Martin  Saunders  of  Braintree,  23  May  1654,  Deac.  John 
Bridge  of  Camb.  in  1658,  and  Edward  Taylor  of  Boston.  She  was  living  in 
1685,  as  appears  by  a  receipt  indorsed  on  her  marriage  contract  with  Deac. 
Bridge,  acknowledging  the  full  payment  of  her  claim  on  his  estate.  The  re- 
ceipt is  dated  23  Dee.  1685,  and  signed  by  "  Timothy  Pratt  of  Boston,  tailor, 
attorney  and  by  order  of  Edward  Taylor  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  the  relict  of 
John  Bridge  deceased,  within  named." 

BARNARD,  JOHN,  in  1635,  owned  house  and  eight  acres,  extending  from 
Brattle  Street  to  Garden  Street,  embracing  a  part  of  the  Craigie  estate  ;  but, 
within  two  or  three  years,  he  sold  to  John  Bridge,  and  his  name  disappears 
from  the  record. 

BARKETT,  WILLIAM,  m.  Sarah,  prob.  dau.  of  John  Poole  of  Reading,  and 
wid.  of  Joseph  Champney  of  Billerica,  19  Aug.  1656.  She  d.  21  Aug.  1661,  and 
he  m.  Mary  Barnard  16  June  1662;  she  d.  28  Mar.  1673,  and  he  m.  Mary,  dau. 

of  Nathl.  Sparhawk,  8  Oct.  1673;  shed.  27  Oct.  1673,  and  he  m.  Margaret , 

who  survived  him.  His  children  were  Lydia,b.  17  Sept.  1657,  m.  Arthur  Cole 
27  Nov.  1673,  whod.  4  Sept.  1676;  John,  b.  6  Feb.  1660-61 ;  William,  b.  3  May 
1665;  Edward,  b.  8  Jan.  1667-8;  Samuel,  b.  7  Feb.  1669-70;  Bartholomew,  b. 
1  Ap.  1672,  d.  6  May  1672;  Margaret,  b.  4  Mar.  1675-6,  m.  Giles  Roberts  ; 
Thomas,  b.  28  Jan.  1678-9;  Bartholomew.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and 
resided  on  the  west  side  of  Dunster  Street,  the  second  lot  from  Harvard  Square, 
which  he  purchased  of  William  French  10  June  1656,  together  with  the  lot  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  street.  He  d.  17  Mar.  1688-9,  aged  about  60. 

2.  THOMAS,  had  by  w.  Lydia,  son  Thomas,  b.  17  Dec.  1672.     He  prob.  re- 
moved to  Marlborough.     Barry's  Framingham. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  William,  prob.  b.  1695, 
bap.  17  Jan.  1696-7;  Hannah,  bap.  7  Mar.  1696-7;  Elizabeth,  bap.  21  May 
1699;  Hannah,  b.  23  Mar.   1700-1;    William,  bap.  30  May  1703;  John,  b.   9 
July  Ii06;  Daniel,  b.  28  Feb.  1708-9.    *WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  resided 
on  the  homestead  of  his  f .  and  d.  about  1 730. 

4.  EDWARD,  s.  of  William  (1),  was  a  cordwainer,  and  called  of  Bos.  1705, 


484  BARRETT  — BARTLETT. 

and  of  Camb.  1708,  apparently  unm.  at  both  dates.  No  further  trace  of  him 
has  been  discovered,  unless  he  was  the  same  who  united  with  the  sons  of  his 
brother  William,  in  1740,  in  a  sale  of  land. 

5.  BARTHOLOMEW,  s.  of  William  (1),  in.  Rebecca  Warland  (prob.  dau.  of 
Owen),  23  July  1706,  and  had  Rebecca,  bap.  18  May  1707;  Thomas,  bap.  17 
Aug.  1712;  Bartholomew,  b.  27  Dec.  1713.  BARTHOLOMEW  the  f.  was  a  mariner. 

7.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (3),  by  w.  Mary,  had  William,  b.  30  Nov.  1728; 
Jonathan,  b.  6  Feb.  1729-30;  Hannah,  b.  14  Oct.  1731 ;  Daniel,  b.  12  Nov.  1733, 
m.  his  cousin  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Daniel  Barrett,  5  Nov.  1761,  and  d.  2  Nov. 
1809;  Samuel,  bap.  3  Aug.  1735;  Mary,  bap.  15  May  1737;  Mary,  bap.  11 
Feb.  1739;  Joshua,  bap.  25  June  1741;  Jonathan,  bap.  28  Nov.  1742,  perhaps 
m.  Susanna  Robbins  24  Aug.  1  783,  served  long  in  the  Revolutionary  Army, 
and  d.  in  the  almshouse  15  Nov.  1794;  Caleb,  bap.  27  June  1745;  Hannah, 
bap.  8  Feb.  1747.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer  and  occupied  the  estate 
on  the  east  side  of  Dunster  Street  until  1738,  when  he  sold  the  southerly  half 
to  Samuel  Danforth,  having  previously  sold  the  other  half  to  his  brother 
Daniel  Barrett. 

7.  JOHN,  s.   of  William  (3),  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Samuel  Champney,  5  May 
1737,  and  had  Hannah,  bap.  9  Ap.  1738,  d.  unm.  3  Feb.  1759;  John,  bap.  6 
July  1740;   Thomas,  bap.  3  July  1743.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and  resided 
on  the  old  homestead.     He  d.  16  Nov.  1754,  a.  48;  his  w.  d.  25  Nov.  1768, 

a.  61. 

8.  DANIEL,  s.  of  William  (3),m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Isaac  Manning,  10  Nov. 
1737,  and  had  children,  baptized  as  follows  :    Elizabeth,  29  Oct.  1739,  m.  her 
cousin   Daniel  Barrett,  5  Nov.   1761;  Lydia,   24  Aug.  1740;  Sarah,  22  Aug. 
1742;  Maraaret,  17  Mar.  1745  ;  Margaret,  1  Sept.  1746  ;  James,  18  Dec.  1748; 
Daniel,  8  Sept.  1751.     DANIEL  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  owned  the  northerly 
part  of  estate  on  the  east  side  of  Dunster  Street  from  1733  to  1737,  when  he 
sold  it,  with  a  new  house,  to  Andrew  Bordman,  Jr.     He  was  College  Sweeper 
in  1753,  and  d.  before  1764,  when  his  w.  held  the  same  office,  and  retained  it 
in  1768;  she  d.  in  the  almshouse,  13  Feb.  1794,  a.  84. 

9.  THOMAS,   s.  of  John  (7),  m.    Elizabeth  Cook,  6  Dec.  1771,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  30  Oct.  1772;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Jan.  1774,  m.  Edward   Fillebrown 
16  Ap.  1801  ;  Ruth,  b.  19  July  1775,  m.  Oliver  Blake,  30  Nov.  1813;  Sarah, 

b.  26  July  1776,  m.  Oliver  Blake,    29  Nov.  1798;  Hannah,  b.  20  Oct.  1780; 
d.  unm.   16   Sept.  1855;  John,  bap.  31  Aug.  1783,  d.   7  Nov.  1784.     THOMAS 
the  f.  was  a  saddler;  he  owned  the  old  homestead  on  the  west  side  of  Dunster 
Street,  the  south  half  of  which  he  sold  to  William  Morse,  5  Ap.  1773,  having 
purchased  in  1 768  an  estate  on  Brattle  Street,  next  southwesterly  of  the  Court 
House.     His  w.  d.  17  Ap.  1785,  a.  41,  and  he  m.  Mercy  Cook,  4  Feb.  1787. 
He  d.  1  Dec.  1812,  a.  70. 

BARTLETT,  JOSEPH,  m.  Mary  Wayte,  27  Oct.  1668,  and  had  Mary,  b.  17 
Feb.  1672-3;  Joseph,  b.  5  Mar.  1673-4;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  July  1676. 

2.  JOSEPH,  by  w.  Zabilla,  had  Lydia,  bap.  28  Sept.  1735  ;  James,  b.  11  Ap. 
1737;  Rhoda,  b.  12  Oct.  1738;  David,  b.  20  Mar.  1741-2. 

3.  JOSEPH,  said  to  have  been  born  in  Plymouth,  grad.  H.  C.  1782,  came 
here  from  Woburn  in  1795,  and  purchased  the  estate  long  called  the  "  Far- 
well  Store,"  corner  of  Brighton  Street  and  Harvard  Square.     He  prob.  left 
about  1809,  when  his  estate  passed  into  the  hands  of  A.  Biglow,  Esq.     He 
afterwards  resided   in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  Saco,  and  Boston,  in  which  last 
place  his  sun  went  down  in  a  cloud,  1827.     He  had  no  children.     His  taste 
was  very  singular.     In  Woburn  he  painted  his  house  black,  with  white  win- 
dow-sashes and  green  doors.     In   Saco  he  built  a  house  of  round  form,  and 
painted  with  fiery  red. 

4.  SAMUEL,  of  Concord,  a  silversmith,  was  elected  Register  of  Deeds  in 
1795,  and  soon  removed  here.     He  remained  in  office  until  his  death,  29  Sept. 
1821.     The  names  of  his   children,  recorded  here,  were  Lydia,  d.  25  Sept. 
1796;  Joanna,    d.  21   Oct.  1837,  a.  44;  and  Joseph,  b.  July  1799,  and  d.  2 
Oct.  1799.     Besides  these,  he  had,  Samuel ;  John,  grad.  H.  C.  1805,  minister 
at  Marblehead,  d.  3    Feb.  1849,  a.  66;  Benjamin   Dixon,  grad.  H.  C.  1810, 


BARTLETT  — BATHERICK.  485 

a  physician  in  Lowell,  d.  here  7  Feb.  1853,  a.  63;  Mary,  m.  Willard  Buttrick 
of  Dracut  28  April  1799;  Elizabeth,  d.  here  unm.  6  Aug.  1873,  a.  85;  Susan, 
d.  here  unm.  6  Oct.  1875,  a.  85. 

ABIAH,  m  Jonathan  Sanders  24  Oct.  1669.  MARY,  m.  Thomas  Thwing 
19  May  1731.  JOHN,  m.  Tabitha  Kidder  3  May  1759. 

BARSTOW,  GEORGE  (Bearstow,  Baistow,  and  Baisto,  on  Town  and  Pro- 
bate Records),  d.  here  18  Mar.  1653-4.  His  w.  Susanna,  who  was  dau.  of 
Thomas  Marrett  of  Camb.,  d.  11  Ap.  1654.  They  left  two  children,  Margaret, 
aged  four  years,  and  George  aged  two  years,  who  were  taken  into  the  family  of 
their  grandfather,  and  were  living  in  1669.  He  was  brother  to  Michael  of 
Wat.,  and  to  William  of  Scituate,  and  removed  here  from  Scituate,  in  1653, 
according  to  Deane,  who  adds  a  melancholy  note:  "  We  notice  the  follow- 
ing entry  in  the  Plymouth  Colony  Records,  1653:  'A  suit  was  commenced 
against  William  Barstow  by  Mr.  Charles  Chauncy  (afterwards  President),  for 
saying  that  he  (Mr.  Chauncy)  was  the  cause  of  the  death  of  his  brother, 
George  Barstow,  late  deceased:  and  for  saying  that  the  said  Mr.  Chauncy 
sent  his  bulls  abroad  to  the  Church  at  Cambridge,  whereby  the  said  George 
Barstow  was  hindered  from  communion  with  said  Church,  which  hastened  his 
death  through  grief.'  The  court  ordered  William  Barstow  to  retract.  The 
explanation  of  this  is,  that  George  Barstow  was  a  member  of  the  Second 
Church  in  Scituate,  with  which  Mr.  Chauncy  was  at  variance."  Deane's 
Hist.  Scituate,  p.  219. 

BASTER,  JOSEPH,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  13  May  1643.  Savage  says 
he  removed  to  Boston  in  1647,  and  had  other  children. 

BATHERICK,  or  BAVERICK,  THOMAS,  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Roger  Buck,  about 
1670,  and  perhaps  resided  for  a  time  in  Woburn.  Only  one  of  his  children 
is  recorded  here,  Jonathan,  b.  3  Sept.  1683,  and  the  f.  d.  2  Nov.  1683.  In 
1688,  Roger  Buck,  then  of  Woburn,  formerly  of  Camb.,  executed  a  deed, 
reciting  that  he  had  formerly  sold  a  part  of  his  homestead  to  "  Thomas  Bath- 
erick  who  married  my  daughter  Ruth."  A  part  of  this  estate  was  sold  in 
1701,  by  Thomas  Batherick  and  Ruth  Wales,  probably  a  son  and  daughter  of 
Thomas,  first  named;  and  the  remainder,  in  1732,  by  the  said  Thomas  and 
Ruth,  joined  by  Ruth  Hook,  perhaps  a  daughter  of  Ruth  Wales,  and  by  Jona- 
than Batherick  of  Billerica.  Anna,  who  m.  Richard  Robbins  2  Jan.  1700-1, 
was  prob.  dau.  of  THOMAS. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Beeger  9  Oct.  1701,  and  had 
John,  b.    12  May  1702;   Ruth,  b.   7  Aug.   1703;  Elizabeth,  b.  2  Sept.  1705; 
Thomas,  b.  23  Ap.  1709;   William,  b.  23  Oct.  1710;  Jonathan,  b.  24  Oct.  1713; 
Samuel,  b.  5  Nov.  1718.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  "  at  widow  Robbins's,"  20  Aug. 
1762,  a.  87;  his  w.  d.  8  Ap.  1749,  a.  80. 

3.  JONATHAN,  prob.  s.  of   Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Jemima,  who  owned  the 
covenant  4  Oct.  1722,  had  Samuel  and  Jonathan,  both  bap.  21   Oct.    1722; 
Jemima,  bap.  1   Dec.   1723;  Jonathan,  bap.   9  May  1725;  Lucy,  bap.   26  Jan. 
1728-9;  Rebecca,  bap.  28  Feb.  1730-31.   Mehetabel,  dau.  of  wid.  Jemima,  bap. 
1  Nov.  1741. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (2),  m.  Mary  Boyce,  who  d.  about  1726,  and  he  m. 

Elizabeth ,  who  d.  18  June  1747,  a.  39*  and  he  m.  Ruth  Hook  (prob.  his 

cousin),  24  Dec.  1747.     He  had  Elizabeth,  b.  7  Sept.  1724,  m.  James  Brooks 
of  Concord    26  Dec.   1745;  Mary,  b.  '24  Dec.   1725;  John,  b.  4  Jan.   1728-9; 
John,  bap.  8  Nov.  1730;  Henry,  bap.  13  Aug.  1732;  Timothy,  bap.  3  Ap.  1737; 
Hannah.  30  Aug.  1741;  Josiah,  b.  3  Dec.  1743,  d.  11  Dec.  1743;  Li/dia,  b.  30 
June  1746,  d.  17  July  1749;  Ruth,  b.  31  July  1748,  d.  29  May  1754;  a  son  b. 
4  Dec.  1750,  d.  the  next  day;  Lydia,  b.  19  Mar.  1752;  Ruth,  b.  8  Oct.  1754. 
JOHN  the  f.  d.  3  June  1769.     Ruth,  prob.  w.  of  JOHN,  d.  in  the  almshouse,  14 
Sept.  1795,  a.  78. 

5.  SOLOMON  (f.  not  ascertained),  m.  Rebecca  Russell,  1744,  and  had  chil- 
dren, born  in  1745,  1747,  1749,  and  1750,  who  prob.  d.  young,  as  their  names 
are  not  entered  on  record. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  (name  of  w.  not  recorded)   had  Eunice,  b.  2 
Feb.  1755;  Phebe,  b.  21  Aug.  1757,  d.  unm.  at  Brighton,  1837;  Lazarus,  b.  31 


486  BATHERICK— BELCHER. 

July  1760,  and  prob.  Hannah,  b.  1762.  The  last  two  were  inmates  of  the 
almshouse  in  1807,  and  described  as  "  non  compos." 

7.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Beulah  Prentice,  1759.  No  record  of  chil- 
dren is  found. 

DEBORAH,  owned  the  covenant  3  Dec.  1727.  HANNAH,  was  pub.  to 
Edward  Giner  of  Sudbury  8  Feb.  1736.  JASON,  was  a  corporal  in  the  army, 
during  the  French  War,  in  1760. 

BEALE,  THOMAS,  had  a  grant  of  land  in  1634;  and  in  1635  owned  and 
occupied  the  easterly  half  of  the  estate  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and 
Mt.  Auburn  streets;  and  purchased  the  other  half  about  1650.  He  owned 
also  four  acres,  fronting  on  Harvard  Street,  which  was  purchased  by  the 
church  in  1669,  and  was  occupied  as  a  parsonage  for  more  than  a  century  and 
a  half;  it  now  forms  part  of  the  College  Square.  It  does  not  appear  that  Mr. 
Beale  had  any  children.  He  d.  in  1661,  a.  63,  devising  by  will  one  half  his 
estate  to  the  church,  subject  to  the  life-estate  of  his  w.  Sarah,  who  d.  about 
1679. 

BEARD,  ANDREW,  was  chosen  Hog-reeve  for  Menotomy,  1692. 

BELCHER,  ANDREW,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Nicholas  Danforth,  1  Oct.  1639, 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  in  Sudbury  17  Aug.  1640,  m.  Pyam  Blowers  31  Jan. 
1668-9,  and  d.  29  May  1709;  Jemima,  b.  in  Camb.  5  Ap.  1642,  m.  Joseph 
Sill  5  Dec.  1660;  Martha,  b.  in  Sud.  26  July  1644,  m.  Jonathan  Remington 
13  July  1664,  and  d.  16  July  1711;  Andrew,  b.  in  Camb.  1  Jan.  1646-7;  Anna 
(or  Hannah,  as  she  was  more  generally  called),  b.  in  Camb.  1  Jan.  1649-50, 
m.  Samuel  Ballard  2  Sept.  1678.  ANDREW  the  f.  was  in  Sud.  as  early  as 
1640,  and  probably  resided  there  until  1646;  for,  although  one  of  his  children 
was  b.  here  in  1642,  yet  the  next  was  b.  at  Sud.  in  1644,  and  he  sold  "his 
now  dwelling  house"  at  Sud.  23  Jan.  1645-6,  reserving  possession  of  it  until 
the  next  May.  In  June  1654  he  was  licensed  by  the  County  Court,  '•  to  keep 
a  house  of  publique  enterteinment  at  Cambridge."  This  license  was  renewed 
from  year  to  year,  until  1673,  in  which  year  he  probably  died,  as  the  license 
"  to  keep  an  ordinary  "  was  granted  to  his  widow  Elizabeth  in  Ap.  1674;  she 
d.  26  June  1680,  "  aged  about  61,"  and  was  succeeded  by  her  son  Andrew. 
This  "  ordinary,"  "  house  of  entertainment,"  or  "  tavern,"  was  the  original 
"  Blue  Anchor  Tavern,"  and  stood  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mt. 
Auburn  streets. 

2.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (1),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Jonathan  Gilbert  of 
Hartford,  and  had  Andrew,  b.  in  Hartford  12  March  1671-2;  Elizabeth,  b. 
in  Camb.  12  Jan.  1677-8,  m.  Daniel  Oliver  of  Boston  23  April  1696;  [she 
was  mother  of  Daniel,  H.  C.  1722,  a  merchant,  who  d.  in  London  5  July 
1727;  of  Andrew,  H.  C.  1724,  Secretary  and  Lieut.-governor  of  Mass.;  and  of 
Peter,  H.  C.  1730,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court.  Mrs.  Oliver  d.  21 
May  1735.]  Mary,  b.  in  Chs.  7  Mar.  1679-80,  m.  George  Vaughn  of  Ports- 
mouth, and  d.  3  Feb.  1699-1700  ;  Jonathan,  b.  in  Camb.  8  Jan.  1681-2;  Anna, 
b.  in  Chs.  30  March  1684,  m.  Oliver  Noyes  of  Chs.;  Martha,  b.  in  Chs.  29 
March  1686,  m.  Anthony  Stoddard  of  Boston,  and  d.  11  Feb.  1748;  Deborah, 

b.  in  Chs., 3  Jan.  1688-9;  Sarah,  b. ,  m.  John  Foye,  Jr.,  of  Chs.  Mrs.  Sarah 

Belcher  d.  in  Chs.  26  Jan.  1688-9.  Mr.  Belcher  in  early  life  was  a  mariner, 
and  commanded  the  vessel  which  so  opportunely  arrived  at  Smith's  Garrison, 
with  provisions,  on  the  evening  after  the  sanguinary  Narragansett  battle  in 
Dec.  1676.  Hutchinson,  i.  300.  He  is  described  as  of  Hartford  in  1671  and 
1672,  of  Chs.  in  1679,  of  Camb.  in  1681  and  1682  (where  he  seems  also  to 
have  resided  in  1677-8),  of  Chs.  again  in  1684  to  1689,  and  of  Boston  in 
1696-7,  where  he  continued  afterwards  to  reside,  and  became  one  of  the  most 
enterprising  and  wealthy  merchants  in  the  Province.  He  was  often  employed 
in  important  public  stations.  He  was  one  of  the  Committee  of  Public  Safety, 
20  Ap.  1689,  in  which  year  he  was  associated  with  Col.  John  Pynchon  and 
Major  Thomas  Savage,  in  negotiating  a  treaty  of  peace  with  the  Maquas,  or 
Mohawks;  a  Commissioner  of  Imposts,  25  Dec.  1691;  Commissary  General 
from  8  Sispt.  1703  to  1708;  and  a  member  of  the  Council  from  1702  until  his 
death,  31  Oct.  1717.  He  had  a  second  wife,  Hannah,  who  was  buried  9  Ap. 
1729. 


BELCHER— BESBEECH.  487 

3.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Andrew  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1699,  and  after  a  few  years 
spent  in  Europe,  established  his  residence  in  Boston.     He  m.  Mary,  sister  of 
Richard  Partridge,  agent  for  N.  H.  in  England,  and  dau.  of  Wm.  Partridge, 
Lieut-governor  of  New  Hampshire.     His  children,  born  in  Boston,  were  An- 
drew, b.  7  Nov.  1707,  grad.  H.  C.  1724,  Register  of  the  Court  of  Admiralty, 
member  of  the  Council,  and  d.  at  Milton  24  Jan.  1771,  a.  63  ;  Sarah,  b.  22 
Ap.   1709,  m.  Byfield  Lyde,  Esq.,  17  Aug. -1727,  and  d.  5  Oct.   1768;  Jona- 
than, b.  23  July  1710,  grad.  H.  C.  1728,  Chief  Justice  and  Lieut.-governor  of 
Nova  Scotia,  where  he  d.  29  Mar.  1776,  leaving  son  Daniel,  a  merchant  in 
Halifax,   d.   at  Boulogne,  France,   17  Nov.    1841,  a.    78,  and  a  dau.  Mary 
Emilia  Elizabeth,  who  m.  Dr.  Tim.  L.  Jennison,  and  d.  in  Camb.,  23  Aug. 
1848,  a.   88;   William,  b.  12  Ap.    1712;    Thomas,  b.   14  May  1713.     JONA- 
THAN the  f.  after  his  return  from  Europe,  devoted  himself  for  a  time  to  com- 
merce, in  company  with  his  father,  but  afterwards  abandoned  it  for  public  life. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Council,  1718,  1719,  1720,  1722,  1723,  1726,  1727  ; 
and  was  elected  in  1729,  but  was  negatived  by  Gov.  Burnet.     He  then  visited 
Europe  again,  and  returned  early  in  August  1730,  bringing  his  commission  as 
Governor  of  Mass,  and  N.  H.    'The  Boston  News  Letter,   5  Feb.  1730,  says 
he  received   this  appointment  27  Nov.   1729.     The  New   England  Journal, 
14  Ap.  1730,  contains  this  paragraph  :  "  By  Capt.  Homans  from  London,  we 
are  informed  that  his  Majesty  has  been  pleased  to  confer  the  honor  of  Knight- 
hood on  his  Excellency,  Jonathan  Belcher,  who  is  appointed  Governor,"  etc. 
He  was  superseded  in  office  by  Gov.  Shirley,  in  1741  ;  appointed  Governor  of 
New  Jersey,  1747,  which  office  he  held  until  his  death,  at  Elizabethtown,  31 
Aug.  1757.     By  his  special  direction,  his  body  was  removed  to  Camb.,  where 
he  had  caused  a  tomb  to  be  constructed. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard   and  Mary  Belcher  of  Chs.,  was  a  tailor,  and 
resided  in  Camb.  1722.     He  purchased  an  estate,  9  Feb.  1724-5,  on  the  west 
side  of  Dunster  Street  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mt.  Auburn  Street.     He 
in.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Ichabod  Brown,  27  Dec.  1726,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  5  Dec. 
1727:  Sarah,  b.  13  Oct.  1729:  Mary,  b.  21  Mar.  1731-2;  Martha,  b.  22  Mar. 
1733-4;  Abigail,  b.  16  Dec.  1735;  Elizabeth,  b.  3  Aug.  1738;  Andrew,  b.  10 
Sept.  1740;  SAMUEL  the  f.  removed  to  Wrentham  about  1743. 

MARY,  dau.  of  Jeremiah  of  Ipswich,  m.  Joseph  Russell,  of  Camb.  23  June 
1662. 

BEMIS,  JOSEPH,  perhaps  s.  of  Joseph  of  Wat.  (1640),  was  a  husbandman, 
and  sold  land  in  1709  to  Jonathan  Robinson.  The  only  other  record  found 
concerning  him  is  dated  11  Nov.  1700,  and  recites  that  "there  hath  been  of 
late  a  public  contribution  for  the  relief  of  Joseph  Bemus  and  William  Cham- 
berlin,  their  substance  having  been  of  late  consumed  by  fire." 

2.  PHILIP,  m.  Elizabeth  Lawrence  21  Nov.  1723.  Their  children  were 
baptized  as  follows:  Philip  and  William,  13  Nov.  1726;  David,  30  July 
1727;  Abigail,^  July  1731;  Edmund,  22  Oct.  1732;  Zaccheus,  25  July  1736. 

SAMUEL,  m.  Elizabeth  Robinson  of  Lexington,  16  Nov.  1775.  ABIGAIL, 
m.  John  Brown,  19  Mar.  1778. 

BENJAMIN,  JOHN,  was  Constable  of  Camb.  in  1633.  He  was  released  from 
the  duty  of  training,  in  1634,  but  required  "  to  have  in  readiness  at  all  times 
sufficient  arms."  He  resided  in  1635  and  1642  on  the  easterly  side  of  Ash 
Street,  his  land,  six  acres,  bordering  on  said  street  and  on  Charles  River. 
"Mr.  Benjamin's  house  burnt,  and  £100  in  goods  lost,"  1636.  Savage's 
Winthrop,  i.  185.  He  removed  to  Wat.  and  d.  14  June  1645.  His  eldest  son 
was  John. 

2.  JOSEPH,  of  Barnstable,  sold  land  in  Camb.  30  Oct.  1686,  bounded  on 
land  of  "  Abel  Benjamin,  my  brother,"  which  was  devised  by  will  of  •'  my 
honored  father,  Mr.  John  Benjamin,  sometimes  of  Watertown,  deceased." 

BESBEECH,  THOMAS,  sold  land  in  Camb.  1636.  About  1636  ho  purchased 
of  William  Lewis  a  house,  which  he  sold  to  William  Cutter  in  1638,  on  the 
N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Winthrop  streets.  His  name  is  variously 
written  on  the  records,  Besbeche,  Besbege,  and  Besbidge,  and  is  supposed  to 
be  the  same  as  the  present  Bisbee  or  Bisby.  He  seems  to  have  resided  in 


488  BESBEECH  — BLACKLEACH. 

Scituate,  1634,  but  soon  removed;  he  was  of  Duxbury  in  1639,  and  of  Sud- 
bury  in  1647,  where  he  d.  9  Mar.  1673-4,  leaving  dau.  Mary,  w.  of  William 
Brown,  dau.  Alice,  w.  of  John  Bourne  of  Marshfield,  and  numerous  grand- 
children and  great-grandchildren. 

BETTS,  JOHN,  came  to  N.  E.  1634,  aged  40.  Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxx. 
143.  Before  1639,  he  purchased  a  house  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and 
Winthrop  streets,  which  he  sold  to  John  Shepard,  6  Dec.  1662.  In  1642, 
besides  many  other  lots  of  land,  he  owned  about  an  acre,  fronting  the  Com- 
mon, which  he  sold  to  Harvard  College  in  1661.  Dane  Hall  stands  on  the 
southerly  part  of  this  lot.  He  d.  21  Feb.  1662-3,  a.  about  68.  His  w. 
Elizabeth  d.  2  Jan.  1663-4.  In  her  will,  dated  16  Dec.  1663,  she  devises 
house  to  John  Bridge,  Sen.,  who  seems  to  have  been  her  brother,  and  trifling 
legacies  to  a  large  number  of  friends,  but  does  not  mention  any  children.1 
The  following,  from  the  Colony  Records,  18  May  1653,  is  sufficiently  defi- 
nite: '*  John  Betts  of  Cambridge,  being  at  a  Court  of  Assistants  on  his  trial 
for  his  life,  for  the  cruelty  he  exercised  on  Robert  Knight  his  servant,  strik- 
ing him  with  a  plough-staff,  &c.  who  died  shortly  after  it,  the  jury  brought  in 
their  verdict,  which  the  magistrates  not  receiving,  came  in  course  to  be  tried 
by  the  General  Court."  ..."  The  General  Court  do  not  find  John  Betts  legally 
guilty  of  the  murdering  of  his  late  servant  Robert  Knight ;  but  forasmuch  as 
the  evidence  brought  in  against  him  holds  forth  unto  this  Court  strong  pre- 
sumptions and  great  probabilities  of  his  guilt  of  so  bloody  a  fact,  and  that  he 
hath  exercised  and  multiplied  inhuman  cruelties  upon  the  said  Knight,  this 
Court  doth  therefore  think  meet  that  the  said  John  Betts  be  sentenced,  viz. 
1.  That  the  next  lecture  day  at  Boston,  (a  convenient  time  before  the  lecture 
begin,)  the  said  Betts  have  a  rope  put  about  his  neck  by  the  executioner,  and 
from  the  prison  that  he  be  carried  to  the  gallows,  there  to  stand  upon  the 
ladder  one  hour,  by  the  glass,  with  the  end  of  his  rope  thrown  over  the  gal- 
lows. 2.  That  he  be  brought  back  to  prison,  and,  immediately  after  the 
lecture,  to  be  severely  whipped.  3.  That  the  said  Betts  shall  pay  all  the 
witnesses  brought  in  against  him  2s.  per  day  for  so  many  days  as  they  have 
attended  upon  the  Court  of  Assistants  and  the  General  Court,  upon  his  trial. 
4.  That  he  shall  pay  £15  into  the  Country  Treasury,  for  and  towards  the 
charges  the  Court  have  been  at,  upon  big  trial.  5.  That  the  said  Betts  be 
bound  to  the  good  behavior,  for  one  whole  year,  in  the  sum  of  ten  pounds." 

BITTLESTOXE,  THOMAS  (elsewhere  written  Bittleston,  Bicklestone  and 
Beetlestone),  d.  here  23  Nov.  1640,  owning  house  and  land  east  of  North 
Avenue,  which  was  in  possession  of  his  wid.  Elizabeth,  in  1642.  By  will, 
dated  3  Nov.  1640,  he  bequeathed  £150  to  his  dau.  Elizabeth,  £5  to  Mr. 
Thomas  Shepard,  £l  to  Mr.  Foordham  (prob.  Rev.  Robert  Fordham,  who 
settled  at  South  Hampton,  Long  Island,  1648,  and  d.  1674)  and  the  re- 
mainder to  his  w.  Elizabeth.  His  boy,  John  Swan,  was  enjoined  to  serve  the 
w.  five  years  and  was  then  to  receive  £5.  Mr.  Bittlestone  was  prob.  from 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  as  he  ordered,  in  case  his  w.  and  dau.  should  both 
decease  without  legal  heirs,  his  estate  should  be  divided,  one  third  to  his 
natural  kindred  in  Old  England,  one  third  to  the  Church  in  Camb.,  and  one 
third  to  "my  two  friends  Thomas  Cheesholme  and  William  Cutter,"  which 
two  persons  are  known  to  have  formerly  resided  in  Newcastle.  Elizabeth  the 
w.  or  dau.  of  Thomas,  m.  John  Bisco  of  Watertown,  13  Dec.  1650. 

2.  WILLIAM,  prob.  brother  of  Thomas  (1),  in  1638,  owned  house  and  three 
acres,  east  of  Garden  Street,  near  the  Botanic  Garden.  He  d.  (on  the  5th  of 
October,  the  date  of  the  year  mutilated),  before  1642,  when  the  estate  was 
held  by  Guy  Banbridge,  Edward  Hall,  and  Edward  Winship,  feoffees ;  but 
for  what  heirs,  or  for  what  purpose,  it  was  so  held,  does  not  appear. 

BLACKLKACH,  BENJAMIN,  by  w.  Dorcas  (dau.  of  Nathaniel  Bowman,  of 
Wat.),  had  Nathaniel,  b.  12  Oct.  1666. 

1  Among  these  bequests  was  the  follow-  make  it  up  in  some  other  things  that  will 
ing:     "I    give    to    Mr.     [Stephen]    Day  sute  him;   but  he  is  not  to  have  them  ex- 
twenty   shillings    in    old    iron    and    leaden  cept  he  mend  the  cob-irons." 
weights,  and  if  they  will  not  reach  it,  to 


BLODGETT  —  BONNER.  489 

BLODGETT,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Bloget,  Blogget,  Bloggitt,  Bloged, 
and  Blokwod),  a  glover,  came  to  New  England  in  1635,  and  had  a  grant  of 
land  6  Mar.  1636-7.  By  w.  Susan  he  had  Daniel;  Samuel;  Susan,  b. 
June  1637,  m.  in  Woburn,  Jonathan  Tompson,  28  Nov.  1655.  THOMAS 
the  f.  d.  7  Aug.  1639,  according  to  the  record;  but  the  date  of  his  will  is  10 
Aug.  1641.  His  w.  Susan  m.  in  Woburn,  James  Tompson,  15  Feb.  1643-4, 
and  d.  10  Feb.  1660-61. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  of  Camb.,  freeman  1652,  of  Chelmsford  1654, 
where  his  son  Nathaniel  was  b.  22  Oct.   1664,  and  d.  27  Oct.  1666;  his  w. 
Mary  d.  5  Sept.  1666.     He  had  also  s.  Samuel.     DANIKL  the  f.  d.  28  Feb. 
1671-2,  leaving  w.  Sarah. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Ruth  Eggleden  13  Dec.  1655,  and  had 
Ruth,  b.  28  Dec.  1656;  Samuel,  b.  11  Dec.  1658;  Thomas,  b.  26  Feb.  1660-61; 

Susanna,  b. ;    Sarah,  b.  17  Feb.  1667-8;    Martha   and  Mart/,  twins,  b. 

15  Sept.  1673.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided   in  Woburn,   and    d.  21  May  1720, 

a.  nearly  87  ;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  14  Oct.  1  703. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (2),  d.  at  Woburn  3  July  1687,  and  Samuel  Blodg- 
ett  of  Woburn  was  appointed  administrator  25  Jan.  1687-8. 

5.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Rebecca  Tidd,  11  Nov.  1685,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  5    Aug.  1686;  Rebecca,  b.  5  June    1689,  m. Russell;  Ruth, 

b.  14   Oct.  1694;  Joseph,  b.  17  Sept.  1696;  Abigail,  b.  7  Nov.  1698,  in.  - 
Reed:  Samuel,  b.  17  June  1702.     THOMAS  the  f.  removed  from  Woliurn  to 
Lex.  about  1692,  and  became  one  of   the  most   active  and  useful   citizens. 
He  d.  29  Sept.  1  740;  his  w.  Rebecca,  who  d.  8  March  1750,  and  all  the  be- 
fore named  children,  except  Ruth,  are  mentioned  in  his  will,  dated  26  Oct. 
1738.     [Deac.  Alvaro  Blodgett,  who  d.  14  May  1874,  was  of  this  family,  and 
the  last  male  representative  in  Camb.  of  the  first  named  Thomas  Blodgett.] 

BLOOMKIELD,  WILLIAM,  about  1638  sold  to  Robert  Stedman  a  house  on 
the  north  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  between  Dunster  and  Brighton  streets. 

BLOSSE,  JOHN,  buried  23  April  1646.  FRANCIS,  buried  29  Sept.  1646. 
Probably  the  name  was  BLOIS. 

BLOWERS,  PYAM  (sometimes  written  Blower  and  Blores),  m.  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  Andrew  Belcher,  31  Mar.  1668,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  27  July  1669,  d.  14 
Aug.  1669;  Samuel,  b.  14  Jan.  1671-2,  d.  12  Feb.  1671-2;  Jonathan,  b.  8  Feb. 
1671-3,  d.  young;  Hannah,  b.  4  July  1674,  d.  16  July  1676;  Elizabeth,  b.  19 
July  1675,  m.  Rev.  Thomas  Symmes  of  Bradford,  9  July  1701;  Thomas,  b.  1 
Aug.  1677;  Pyam,  b.  29  July  1679,  d.  14  Aug.  1679;  John,  b.  22  Oct.  1680, 
d.  22  July  1707;  Andrew,  b.  27  Aug.  1682,  d.  21  Oct.  1682.  THOMAS  the 
f.  was  a  ship-master,  and  in  1686  commanded  the  ketch  Adventure,  owned  in 
part  by  his  brother-in-law,  Capt.  Andrew  Belcher.  In  1672,  he  purchased  a 
house  and  4£  acres,  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets,  where 
he  resided  through  life ;  after  his  decease,  it  was  sold  by  his  son  to  Abraham 
Hill,  in  1713.  Capt.  Blowers  d.  1  June  1709.  His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  three  days 
previously,  29  May  1 709. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of   Pyam  (1),  grad.   H.  C.  1695,  ordained  at  Beverly  29 
Oct.   1701,   m.  Emma   Woodbury,  and   had   Pyam,  grad.  H.   C.  1721,  mer- 
chant, d.  in  Boston   18  Mar.   1739;    Emma;  Thomas:  John;  Elizabeth;  An- 
drew.    THOMAS  the  f.  d.  17  June  1729.     His  w.  and  six  children  survived 
him. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (2),  resided  in  Boston,  and  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Samson 
Salter,  25  Nov.  1735.      One  of  their  sons  was  Samson  Salter  Blower*,  b.   10 
Mar.  1741-2,  grad.  H.  C.  1763,  in.  a  dau.  of  Benjamin  Kent,  was  Ch.  Justice 
of  the  Sup.  Court  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  d.  Oct.  1842,  having  lived  more  than 
half  a  year  beyond  a  full  century. 

BONNER,  JOHN,  came  here  from  Boston  about  1690.  By  second  w.  Mary 
Clark,  who  d.  here  20  April  1697,  he  had  Jane,  b.  2  May  1691,  in.  John 
Ellery  of  Boston,  31  Aug.  1710;  John,  b.  6  Dec.  1693,  in.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Sam- 
uel Marsh,  17  Nov.  1715;  Thomas,  b.  6  Jan.  1695-6,  and  d.  3  June  1 719  ; 
"buried  in  South  Carolina."  JOHN  the  f.  «>ld  his  house  1 705,  returned  to 
Bos.,  and  d.  30  Jan.  1725-6,  a.  83  years.  An  obituary  represents  him  as 


490          BONNER  —  BOONE  — BORDMAN. 

"  a  gentleman  very  skillful  and  ingenious  in  many  arts  and  sciences,  espe- 
cially in  navigation,  drawing,  moulding  of  ships,  &c.  ;  one  of  the  best  ac- 
quainted with  the  coasts  of  North  America,  of  any  of  his  time;  of  great 
knowledge  and  judgment  in  marine  affairs;  was  very  much  consulted, 
improved,  and  relied  upon,  by  the  Government,  as  principal  pilot  in  our 
marine  expeditions;  and  with  diligent  care  and  faithfulness  discharged  his 
trust.  .  .  .  By  his  second  wife,  who  was  a  daughter  of  the  famous  Elder  Clark 
of  Cambridge,  he  had  several  children ;  a  son  and  a  daughter  only  surviving." 
Bost.  News  Letter.  A  plan  of  Boston  and  the  harbor,  drawn  by  Capt.  Bonner, 
was  published  in  1722,  and  has  recently  been  republished. 

BOONE,  MATTHEW,  by  w.  Anna,  had  Frank,  b.  28  Mar.  1664. 

BORDMAN,  WILLIAM  (now  generally  written  Boardman),  by  w.  Frances, 
had  Moses,  d.  16  Mar.  1661-2,  owning  real  estate,  and  therefore  prob.  of  age; 
b.  about  1640;  Rebecca,  b.  1  Nov.  1643,  m.  John  Palfrey,  4  Aug.  1664;  An- 
drew, b.  1646;  Aaron,  b.  1649;  Frances,  b.  1650,  d.  unm.  16  Sept.  1718; 
Martha,  b.  about  1653,  m.  Daniel  Epes,  17  Ap.  1672,  and  d.  9  Feb.  1692; 
Mary,  b.  9  Mar.  1655-6;  William,  b.  6  Dec.  1657,  was  a  carpenter,  resided  in 
Maiden  1684,  and  d.  at  Rumney  Marsh,  or  Chelsea,  14  Mar.  1695-6;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  17  Aug.  1660,  m.  John  Cooper,  28  Ap.  1686,  and  d.  15  Nov.  1714. 
WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  25  Mar.  1685,  aged  71  years.  He  was  b.  in  England. 
When  quite  young,  his  father  died,  and  his  mother  m.  Stephen  Day,  with 
whom  he  emigrated  to  New  England,  in  1638.  About  1659,  Day  paid  to  him 
a  legacy  of  £50,  left  by  his  father,  styling  him  his  "son-in-law,"  and  ac- 
knowledging that  it  should  have  been  "paid  to  him  twenty-three  years  agone." 
As  early  as  1656,  he  owned  and  occupied  the  estate  at  the  easterly  corner  of 
Harvard  Square  and  Dunster  Street.  At  the  death  of  Day  in  1668,  he  came 
into  possession  of  the  estate  on  the  opposite  corner,  to  which  his  son  Aaron 
added  the  adjoining  land,  extending  to  Brighton  Street.  Both  these  estates 
remained  in  the  Bordman  family  about  a  hundred  and  fifty  years.  Mr.  Bord- 
man  was  a  tailor,  and  was  early  appointed  Steward  and  Cook  of  Harvard  Col- 
lege, which  last  office  he  held  until  his  death.  He  resigned  the  office  of  Stew- 
ard in  1667,  and  Thomas  Danforth  was  elected  in  his  stead.  Judge  Sewall, 
in  noticing  his  death,  styles  him  "  Major  Bordman."  This  was  probably  a 
title,  indicating  his  office  in  College,  a  Steward  being  in  some  sort  a  major- 
domo. 

2.  ANDREW,  s.  of  William  (1),  m.  Ruth  Bull,  15  Oct.  1669,  and  had  An- 
drew, b.  22  Aug.  1670;  Ruth,  b.   15  Jan.  1671-2,   m.  Rev.  Benjamin  Wads- 
worth,  President  of  Harvard  College,  30  Dec.  1696,  and  d.  without  issue,  17 
Feb.  1744-5;  Moses,  b.  8  July  1672,  d.  15  Feb.  1672-3;  Martha,  b.  31  Oct. 
1675,  d.  14  June  1676;  Abigail,}).  10  Mar.  1677-8,  d.  10  July  1678.     Such  is 
the  record  of  births;  but  there  are  manifest  mistakes  in  it.     The  son  Andrew, 
in  a  manuscript  account  of  his  family,   dates  his  own  birth  22  Aug.  1671, 
and  that  of  his  sister  Ruth,  28  Jan.  1672-3.     I  cannot  reconcile  these  dates 
with  the  others.     ANDREW  the  f .  was  a  tailor;  inherited  the  homestead;  suc- 
ceeded his  father  as  College  Cook;  and  the  Corporation  voted,  23  July  1686, 
that  he  "henceforward  manage  the  office  of  Steward  in  the  manner  as  of 
late."     He  also  kept  a  shop,  or  variety  store,  as  is  plainly  indicated  by  his 
inventory.     He  d.  of  fever,  15  July  1687,  a.  41;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  of  small-pox, 
17  Dec.  1690,  a.  39  years. 

3.  AARON,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  1  Ap.  1674,  d.  20 
June  1674;  Moses,  b.  17  Feb.   1675-6;  Mary,   b.   9   Mar.   1678-9,  d.   15  Ap. 
1679;  Andrew,1  b.  21  June  1681;  Martha,  b.  9  Nov.  1683,  m.  Stephen  Willis 
of  Medf.  30   Sept.   1708;    Aaron,  b.    18  Ap.   1586;    Mary,  b.  6   May   1689, 
m.  Ebenezer  Dorr  of  Roxbury  16  Feb.  1709-10.     AARON  the  f.  was  a  lock- 
smith; was  appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  College  clock,  and  also  to  serve  as 
College  Smith,  1675;  and  succeeded  his  brother  as  College  Cook  and  Steward. 

1  The  record  has  Aaron,  but  I  think   it  resided  in  Roxbury,  and  had  three  children 

should  be   Andrew,   who  is   named   in   his  living  in  1714,   Mary,   Moses,  and  Aaron, 

father's  will,  and  who  sold  lands  in  Camb.  He  m.  second  w.  Sarah  Goddard,  at  Rox., 

bequeathed  by  his  father.    He  was  a  saddler,  20  Oct.  1715. 


BORDMAN.  491 

He  inherited  his  father's  estate  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  to 
which  he  made  large  additions,  and  became  an  extensive  land-holder  in  the 
town.  He  d.  15  Jan.  1702-3,  a.  53;  his  w.  Mary  was  living  in  1717. 

4.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (2),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Kit-hard  Trusedale, 
17  Dec.  1697,  and  had  Kuth?  b.  19  Nov.  1698,  m.  Mr.  John  Higginson  of 
Salem,  4  Dec.  1719,  and  d.   14  June,  1727;  Andrew,  b.  1  Aug.  1701.     AN- 
DREW the  f.  was  a  saddler,  and  endowed  with  an  unusual  tact  for  business. 
Though  only  sixteen  years  old  when  his  father  died,  he  assumed  the  charge 
of  the  store,  aided  by  his  mother,  indeed,  until  her  death,  three  years  after- 
wards ;  and  he  continued  to  manage  his  mechanical  and  commercial  affairs, 
in  addition  to  his  official  duties.     He  succeeded  his  uncle  in  the  office  of  Stew- 
ard and  College  Cook,  in  1  703,  and  so  satisfactorily  performed  the  duties  of 
Steward  for  a  period  of  forty -four  years,  that,  on  his  death,  the  Corporation 
entered  on  their  records  a  testimony  to  his  faithfulness.     He  was  Town  Clerk 
thirty-one  successive  years,  from  1700;  Town  Treasurer,  forty-six  successive 
years,  from  1701;  Selectman,  eighteen  years,  between  1706  and  1732;  Rep- 
resentative, 1719  and  1720.     He  resided  through  life  on  the  homestead,  where 
he  d.  30  May  1747,  aged  nearly  76;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.   16  Aug.   1760,  a. 
86  years  6  months. 

5.  MOSES,  s.  of  Aaron  (3),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Deac.  Walter  Hastings,  25 
June  1700,  and  had  Moses,  b.   2  June  1703;  Elizabeth, .  b.  19  Aug.  1704;  m. 
Col.  Abraham  Williams  of  Marlborough,  5  Nov.  1730;  Abigail,  b.  5  July  1706, 
m.  John  Colson  of  Bos.,   18  Feb.  1731,  and  d.  before  1751;  Aaron,  b.  8  Sept. 
1707,  d.  young;    William,  b.  30  Ap.  1711,  d.  10  Aug.  1715;  Mary,  b.  10  Aug. 
1713,   m.  Josiah   Stearns  of  Watertown,  1752;  Martha,  b.   25  July  1715,  m. 
John  Williams  of  Lynn,  9  Oct.  1740;  Aaron,  bap.  9  Mar.  1717-18,  d.  young; 
Walter,  bap.  15  Mar.  1718-19,  living  in  1751;  Andrew,  bap.  20  Feb.  1720-21, 
grad.  H.  C.  1737,  ordained  at  Chilmark,  1746,  d.  of  small-pox  19  Nov.  1776; 
William,  neither  birth  nor  baptism  recorded,  but  named  in  the  father's  will, 
and  in  the  division  of  his  estate.     MOSES  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  resided  on 
the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  the  Common.     He  was  a  Captain  in 
the  militia,  and  an  active,  energetic  man.     He  was  a  Selectman  eighteen  years 
between  1713  and  1736,  and  on  various  important  committees.     He  d.  21  Jan. 
1750-51,  aged  nearly  75;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  Oct.  1752,  a.  75  years  8  months. 

6.  AARON,  s.  of  Aaron  (3),  m.  Elizabeth  Parker  14  Oct.  1708,  and  had 
Aaron,  b.  6  May  1711,  a  tin-plate  worker  in  Boston,  1737;  Zechariah,  b.  24 
Oct.  1713.     AARON  the  f.  was  a  saddler,  and  inherited  the  homestead,  on 
Harvard  Square.     He  d.  24  Jan.  1718-19,  a.   32;  his  w.  Elizabeth  was  living 
in  1732. 

7.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (4),  grad.  H.  C.  1719;  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Lieut.- 
gov.  Spencer  Phips,  25  Feb.  1731-2,  and  had  Ruth,  b.  28  Jan.  1732-3,  d.  23 
June  1740;  Andrew,  b.  15  Ap.  1735,  d.  24  June  1740;  a  son  (twin  with  An- 
drew), d.  18  Ap.  1735;  Elizabeth,  b.  30  Mar.  1742,  d.  16  Nov.  1749;  Andrew, 
b.   31  Aug.    1 745.     ANDREW  the  f.  inherited    the   homestead   on   Harvard 
Square,  east  of  Dunster  Street,  and  succeeded  his  father  as  Steward  of  the 
College,  in  1747,  which  office  he  held  about  three  years;  thus  nearly  if  not 
entirely  completing  a  century  pf  Stewardship  by  the  same  family.     He  suc- 
ceeded his  father,  also,  in  the  office  of  Town  Clerk,  which  he  held  thirty-nine 
years,  from  1731;  and  of  Town  Treasurer,  which  he  held  twenty-three  years 
from  1747.     He  was  a  Representative  in  the  General  Court  twenty-two  years, 
1742-1751,  and  1757-1768;  Justice  of  the  Peace;  Register  of  Probate  twenty- 
four  years,  1745-1769;  and  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  seventeen 
years,   1752-1769.     He  d.  19  May  1769,  aged  nearly  68;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  at 
Tewksbury,  Dec.  1793,  a.  81. 

8.  MOSES,  s.  of  Moses  (5),  in.  Elizabeth  Fillebrown,  25  Dec.  1746.     He  was 
a  tanner,  and  inherited  part  of  the  homestead,  including  half  the  dwelling- 
house.     He  d.  8  Mar.  1753,  aged   nearly  50.     His   w.  Elizabeth   d.    1784. 
They  had  no  children. 

1  Mrs.  Ruth  Higginson  had  four  children,     1722 ;  Ruth,   b.  26   Sept.  1723,  d.  10  July 
John,  b.  12  Oct.  1720;  Elizabeth,  b.  30  Mar.     1727;  Andrew,  b.  5  June  1727. 


492  BORDMAN. 

9.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Moses  (5),  m.  Susanna  Bricksey,  15  Mar.  1753,  and  had 
Abigail,  bap.  7  Oct.  1753,  m.  William  Prentiss;  Elizabeth  (twin  with  Abigail), 
bap.  7  Oct.   1753,  m.   Andrew  Brown,  13  Dec.  1775;    William,  bap.   10  Aug. 
1755;  Moses,  bap.    23    Oct.    1757,  a  cordwainer   in    Camb.    1779;    Susanna 
Mackey,  bap.  23  Sept.  1759,  living  in  1781.     WILLIAM  the  f.   inherited  part 
of  the  homestead,  including  half  the  dwelling-house.     He  d.  before  18  May 
1779;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  about  1794. 

10.  ZECHARIAH,  s.  of  Aaron  (6),  m.  Mary  Stebbins,  16  Aug.  1743,  and  had 
Aaron,  bap.   16  June  1744,  d.  22    Dec.    1746;1  Aaron,   bap.   10  Oct.  1746,' 
grad.  1767,  and  d.  Oct.  1772,  leaving  a  son  Aaron,  who  d.  28  July  1817,  a. 
48;  Zechariah,  bap.   2    Dec.  1750,  prob.  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  bap.   20  Dec. 
1753,  m.  Major  John  Brown,  13  May  1776  ;  Mary,  bap.  16  May  1756,  d.  1795; 
Richard,  bap.  30  Nov.  1760.     ZECHARIAH  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  in- 
herited the  homestead.     He  d.  1776. 

11.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (7),  m.  Mary,  onlydau.  of  William  Blair  Town- 
send,  Esq.,  1  Nov.  1770;  she  d.  13  Mar.   1797,  a.  46,  and  he  m.  Abigail,  dau. 
of  Bartholomew  Richardson  of  Woburn.     He  inherited  the  homestead  and, 
after  his  mother's  death,  the  whole  estate,  including  more  than   a  hundred 
acres  in  the  northeasterly  section  of  Cambridgeport.     This  tract  embraced, 
substantially,  besides   a   large  quantity  of   marsh,   all   the   upland   bounded 
northerly  by  Lincoln  Street,  easterly  by  the  marsh,  southerly  by  School  Street 
and  westerly  by  a  line  passing  through  the  centre  of  the  Brick  Meeting-house 
lot,  nearly  parallel  with  Columbia  Street.     About  1782  he  removed  to  Tewks- 
bury,  but  returned  about  1796,  and  resided  several  years  in  the  house  on  Plym- 
outh   Street,  recently   destroyed,  familiarly   known    as   the    Cholera  House, 
having  sold  the  homestead,  in  1794,  to  the  Corporation  of  Harvard  College. 
In  1805  he  erected  the  house  now  standing  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Hampshire 
and  Windsor  streets,  where  he  subsequently  resided.     When  the  great  specu- 
lations in  land  commenced,  about  1802,  he  sold  large  portions  of  his  estate, 
united  with  others  in  laying  out  streets  for  a  great  city,  and  gave  to  the  Town 
the  school-house  lot  at  the  corner  of  Windsor  and  School  streets,  and  to  the 
proprietors  of  the  Brick  Meeting-house  the  easterly  half  of  the  square  on  which 
that  house  stood.     He  was  Town  Clerk,  1769-1780,  and  Town  Treasurer,  1777, 
1778.     It  is  remarkable,  that  the  office  of  Town  Clerk  was  held  by  three  gene- 
rations of  the  same  family,  father,  son,  and  grandson,  for  eighty  consecutive 
years,  and  that  the  name  of  the  incumbent  was  Andrew  Bordman,  through  the 
whole  period.     The  first  two  also  held  the  office  of  Treasurer,  for  sixty-eight 
successive  years.     They  deserve  the  thanks  of  posterity  for  the  very  legible 
and  neat  appearance  of  their  records.     It  is  to  be  lamented,  however,  that  in 
regard  to  births  and  deaths,  after  about  1740,  the  record  is  so  meagre.     He  d. 
27  July  1817,  a.  nearly  72;  his  w.  Abigail  d.    27  Aug.  1848,  a.  °78.     As  he 
had  no  children,  the  male  line,  in  this  branch  of  the  family,  became  extinct. 

12.  WILLIAM,  s.   of  William  (9>,  m.   Sally  McCleary,  17  Mar.  1784,  and 
had  William,  b.  1785,  d.  unm.  16  Mar.  1851;  Sally,  b."  1787,  in.  Isaac  Bos- 
worth,  1  Dec.  1805,  and  d.  2   Oct.   1842;  John,  b.   1789;  Andrew,  b.   1792; 
Moses,  b.  1794  ;  James,  b.  1796  ;   Esther,  b.  1798,  m.  Joseph  Hiscock,  23  Sept. 
1821;  Charles,  b.  1801,  m.  Christiana  Reed   14  June   1827,  and  d.  of   cholera 
at  Cincinnati,  July  1834.     WILLIAM  the  f.  in  1802  sold  his  interest  in  the 
homestead,   and   erected  a  house  at  the   S.  W.  corner  of  Washington  and 
Cherry  streets,  where  he  d.  22  Sept.  1829;  his  w.  Sally  d.   25  Jan.  1837,  a. 
71. 

13.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Zechariah  (10),  was  a  bricklayer,  and  inherited  a  part 
of  the   homestead  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Harvard   Square   and   Dunster 
Street.     He  m.  Prudence  Dockum,  10  April,  1794,  and  d.  s.  p.  17  Dec.  1816; 
his  w.  Prudence  m.  Deac.  Levi  Farwell  21  May  1818,  and  d.  in  August  1847, 
a.  72. 

14.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (12),  m.  Aliphal  B.  Wheeler  18  Jan.  1813,  and  had 
John;  James,   d.  20  Dec.  1865,  a.  49;   Charles;  Joseph  PL,  d.  3  Mar.  1857, 
a.  25.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  painter,  resided  in  Cambridgeport,  and  d.  21  Nov. 
1834,  a.  45 ;  his  w.  Aliphal  B.  d.  8  Oct.  1843,  a.  48. 

1  Such  is  the  record  of  baptism  and  of  death. 


BORDMAN— BOWERS.  493 

15.  ANDREW,  s.  of  William  (12),  m.  Adeline  Hiscock  26  Oct.  1816;  she 
was  bur.  29  Aug.  1834,  and  he  m.  Anne  Emery  21  June  1835.  He  resided  in 
Cambridgeport,  had  children  by  both  wives,  and  d.  7  Sept.  1868,  a.  76. 

BORLAND,  JOHN,  of  Boston,  m.  Anne,  or  Anna,  dau.  of  Leonard  V  assail, 
20  Feb.  1749.  In  1765,  he  purchased  of  Rev.  East  Apthorp's  agent,  and  of  the 
Wigglesworth  heirs,  the  estate  bounded  by  Harvard,  Bow,  and  Holyoke 
streets,  except  a  small  lot  in  the  northwesterly  corner.  Bow  Street,  however, 
was  then  further  north  than  its  present  location.  The  house  in  which  he 
dwelt  was  long  the  residence  of  Dr,  Plympton.  Probably  he  remained  here 
until  the  Revolutionary  troubles  commenced.  Two  of  his  twelve  children 
were  baptized  here,  in  the  Episcopal  Church,  Samuel,  26  Dec.  1765,  and 
Thomas,  21  June  1767,  d.  29  Sept.  1767.  He  d.  in  Boston,  5  June  1775,  a. 
47.  "  His  death  was  occasioned  by  the  sudden  breaking  of  a  ladder  on 
which  he  stood,  leading  from  the  garret  floor  to  the  top  of  his  house."  N. 
E.  Chronicle.  His  w.  Anna  prob.  m.  William  Knight,  Esq..  of  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  Ap.  1784;  she  executed  a  release  to  her  son  Leonard  Vassal  Borland, 
of  the  shares  of  her  children,  William,  Anna,  and  Elizabeth,  deceased,  26  Ap. 
1784,  styling  herself,  Anna  Borland,  widow  of  John  Borland,  Esq.;  and,  28 
Ap.  1784,  William  Knight,  Esq.,  and  his  w.  Anna,  executrix  of  the  will  of 
John  Borland  late  of  Cambridge,  Esq.,  executed  a  general  power  of  attor- 
ney to  Leonard  V.  Borland.  By  sundry  conveyances,  dated  1783  and  1784, 
it  appears  that  the  children  of  John  and  Anna  Borland,  besides  those  pre- 
viously named,  were  John  Lindall :  James  (of  New  York);  Francis  (physi- 
cian, of  Boston);  Phebe,  wife  of  George  Spooner  of  Boston;  and  Jane,  wife 
of  Jonathan  Simpson  of  Cambridge.  Of  these,  John  Lindall,  grad.  H.  C. 
1772,  was  Lieut.-col.  in  the  British  service,  and  d.  in  England,  16  Nov.  1825; 
Francis,  grad.  H.  C.  1774,  resided  a  few  years  in  Boston  and  Portsmouth,  N. 
H.,  and  was  probably  the  same  who  died  at  Somerset,  Mass.,  in  1820,  aged 
86.  JOHN  the  f.  was  probably  s.  of  Francis  Borland  of  Boston, —  who  was  b.  28 
Dec.  1691,  m.  Jane,  dau.  of  Hon.  Timothy  Lindall  of  Salem,  22  Sept.  1726, 
and  died  16  Sept.  1763,  —  and  grandson  of  John  Borland,  "one  of  the  prin- 
cipal merchants  "  of  Boston,  who  d.  30  Mar.  1727,  aged  68. 

BOSWORTH,  JONATHAN,  was  here  in  1632.  In  1635  he  owned  a  house  and 
land  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  not  far  from  the  Botanic  Gar- 
den. He  prob.  left  early.  It  would  seem  that  he  was  son  or  perhaps  brother 
of  Edward  Bosworth,  and  had  brothers  Nathaniel  and  Benjamin,  and  a  sister 
who  m.  William  Buckland.  The  General  Court  ordered,  5  Aug.  1634,  "  That 
such  moneys  as  shall  be  laid  out  for  the  maintenance  of  widow  Bosworth  and 
her  family  shall  be  paid  again  by  the  Treasurer  ;  "  and,  7  July  1635,  "  in  con- 
sideration of  money  disbursed  by  Mr.  Henry  Seewall  for  the  transportation 
of  Edward  Bosworth  and  his  family,"  it  was  ordered  that  Jonathan  Bos- 
worth, William  Buckland,  Nathanael  Bosworth,  and  Benjamin  Bosworth, 
should  pay  £5  each,  to  said  Sewall. 

BOWERS,  GEOUGK,  was  of  Scittiate  in  1637,  of  Plymouth  in  1639,  and  soon 
afterwards  in  Cambridge.  His  w.  Barbarie  d.  25  Mar.  1644,  and  he  m.  Eliz- 
abeth Worthington  15  Ap.  1649.  Their  s.  Jerathmeel  was  b.  2  May  1650. 
GEORGE  the  f.  d.  1656,  and  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Henry  Bowtell  25  June 
1657.  In  his  will  are  named  wife,  and  children,  Benanuel  (who  had  already 
received  his  portion);  John;  Patience,  wife  of  Humphrey  Bradstreet;  Silence; 
and  Jerathmeel;  the  wife  and  Jerathmeel  to  inherit  the  homestead.  Matthew 
Bowers,  who  d.  30  Jan.  1644-5,  was  prob.  s.  of  George.  Mr.  Bowers  resided 
on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  not  far  south  from  the  Railroad  bridge. 
In  1656  he  conveyed  to  his  son  Benanuel  20  acres  in  Charlestown,  adjoining 
Cambridge  line.  Previously,  however,  an  unhappy  difficulty  occurred  between 
the  father  and  son;  for  Thomas  Danforth  complained  to  the  General  Court, 
May  1652,  against  George  Bowers,  "for  rendinga  deed  committed  to  liis  trust, 
with  several  articles  between  the  said  George  Bowers  and  Benanuel  Bowers 
his  son;  "  for  which  offence  a  fine  was  imposed  ;  at  the  same  Court,  "  George 
Bowers  of  Cambridge  being  complained  on,  for  putting  in  a  vote  on  the  elec- 
tion day  for  the  Governor,  acknowledged  the  fact,  not  only  this  year  but  every 


494  BOWERS  —  BOWMAN. 

year  since  he  came  into  these  parts,  [and]  pleaded  ignorance:  It  is  ordered, 
that  the  said  George  Bowers,  for  his  offence  therein,  shall  pay  the  sum  of 
£10."  He  was  not  a  sworn  freeman,  and  therefore  not  a  legal  voter. 

2.  BENANUEL,  s.  of  George  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Dunster  (called  "cousin"  by 
President  Dunster,  in  his  will),  9  Dec.  1653,  and  had  son  George,  b.  3  Feb. 
1653-4.     In  1656,  he  received  a  deed  of  land  in  Charlestown,  now   Somer- 
ville,  adjoining  Camb.,  where  he  had  Barbary,  b.   4  Jan.  1655;   Elizabeth,  b. 
8  Dec.  1656;  *Mary,  b.  16  Sept.  1660;  Henry,  b.  2  June  1665,  and  d.  16  Oct. 
1690;  Anna,  b.  14  Oct.  1668;  Bathsheba, b.  4  June  1671;  Jonathan,  b.  11  Aug. 
1673;  Mary,  b.  20  May  1679,  and  d.  26  Dec.  1669.     His  passage  through  life 
was   stormy,  as  related  somewhat  fully  on   pp.  344-352.     His   will,  dated   5 
Oct.   1693,  was  proved  28  May  1698.     His  w.  Elizabeth  was  living  26  Dec. 
1693. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  George  (1),  grad.  H.  C.   1649;  preached  at  Guilford,  New 
Haven,  Branford,  Derby,  and  Rye,  in  Connecticut;  and  d.  about  1697.     Quart. 
Keg.,  Mny  1836.     Savage  (Gen.  Diet.)  says  he  died  14  June  1687;  and  that 
his  son  John  was  minister  at  Rye,  and  died  at  Derby  23  Sept.  1708. 

JEKATHMEEL,  s.  of  George  (1),  sold  the  homestead  2  Jan.  1683-4;  he  then 
resided  in  Chelmsford,  of  which  town  he  was  a  prominent  inhabitant,  and 
Representative  in  the  General  Court.  His  w.  was  Elizabeth. 

BOWES,  NICHOLAS,  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  James  Hubbard,  2  June  1684,  and 
had  James,  b.  16  Jan.  1686-7,  and  another  child  who  d.  in  infancy.  His  w. 
Sarah  d.  26  Jan.  1688-9,  aged  27,  and  he  m.  Dorcas,  dau.  of  Daniel  Champ- 
ney,  6  May  1690:  she  d.  and  he  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Capt.  John  Remington, 
•29  Jan.  1718-19.  He  removed  to  Boston,  and  d.  23  Oct.  1721,  aged  65.  His 
s.  William  was  bap.  here,  31  Jan.  1702-3. 

2.  NICHOLAS,  prob.  s.  of  Nicholas  (1)  by  his  second  wife,  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of 
Rev.  John  Hancock  of  Lexington,  and  had  William;  Lucy,-m.  Rev.  Jonas  Clark 
of  Lex.;  Nicholas;  Elizabeth;  Dorcas,  m.  John  Hill;  Lydia ;  Mary;  all  of 
whom  were  living  in  1768.  NICHOLAS  the  f .  grad.  H.  C.  1725,  was  ordained 
at  Bedford  15  July  1730,  and  dism.  in  1754;  was  Chaplain  in  the  Army  at 
Fort  Edward  in  1755,  and  d.  at  Brookfield  as  he  was  returning  home.  His 
w.  Lucy  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Cook  of  Menotomy  25  Nov.  1762,  and  d.  12  Sept. 
1768,  aged  56. 

ELIZABETH,  m.  Rev.  Henry  Ware,  15  Sept.  1807.  Widow  HANNAH,  d.  18 
July  1848,  aged  81. 

BOWMAN,  NATHANIEL,  was  a  proprietor  "then  inhabiting"  Watertown, 
4  Feb.  1636-7,  but  removed  to  Cambridge  Farms  (Lexington)  about  1650, 
and  d.  26  Jan.  1681-2.  His  chil.  were  Francis,  b.  1630;  Mary,  bur.  1  Jan. 
1637-8;  Joanna,  bur.  20  Nov.  1638;  Dorcas,  buried  6  Feb.  1638-9,  aged  7 

days  ;  Na/haniel,  b.  6  Mar.  1640-41  ;  Joanna,  b.  20  Nov.  1642,  prob.  m. 

Turner;  Dorcas,  b. ,  m.  Benjamin  Blackleech,  who  d.  and  she  m. 

Marsh. 

2.  FRANCIS,   s.  of  Nathaniel  (1),  m.  Martha  Sherman  of  Watertown,  26 
Sept.  1661,  and   had  Francis,  b.   14   Sept.  1662;  John,  b.   19  Feb.  1664-5; 
Martha,  b.  2   Mar.   1666-7,  d.  10  Dec.   1667;  Nathaniel,  b.   9  Feb.   1668-9; 
Mary,  b.  about  1671,  m.  Rev.  John  Eveleth,  2  Dec.  1692,  and  had  s.  Joseph 
who  d.here,  27  Oct.  1714,  aged  18    Joseph,  b.  18  May  1674;  Anna,  b.  19  Sept. 
1676;  Samuel,  b.  14  Aug.  1679;  Jonathan,  b.  about   1682;  Martha,  b.  4  April 
1685.     FRANCIS  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d.  16  Dec.  1687;  his  w. 
Martha  survived. 

3.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis  (2),  m.  Lydia  Stone  26  June  1684;    she  d.  and 
he  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Rev.  Samuel  Angier  of  Watertown.     He  inherited  the 
homestead  in  Lexington,  near  Watertown,  and  d.  23  Dec.  1744,  aged   82  ;  his 
w.  Ruth  d.  23  July  1754,  aged  70.     He  was  a  very  active  citizen,  and  fre- 
quently sustained  public  office.     He  was  Constable  1689,  and  Selectman  1696 
and  from  1700  to  1711.     After  the  incorporation  of  Lex.,  he  was  Representa- 
tive from  that  town  eight  years,  between  1715  and  1733,  and  was  also  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  when  that  office  was  bestowed  much  more  sparingly  than  now. 
His  children,    according  to    Hudson  (Hist.  Lex.),  were   Francis,   b.   about 


BOWMAN.  495 

1685  ;  Mary,  m. Morse  ;  Lydia,  m.  Jonathan  Simonds  ;  John,  b.  14  July 

1689;   Sarah,  m.  Philip  Russell  ;  haac,  b.  1693,  d.  18  July  1785. 

4.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Francis  (2),  m.  Anna  Barnard  of  Watertown,  16  Dec. 
1692,  and  had  Mary,  b.   22  Dec.   1693,  m.    Samuel   Garfield  of  Wat.  about 
1  714;  Anne,  bap.  6  Sept.  1698,  m.  Nathaniel  Bright  of  Wat.  about  1714,  and  m. 
(2d)  Richard  Clarke;  Elizabeth,  bap.  13  Nov.  1698,  d.  unm.  25  Feb.  1748;   Abi- 
gail, b.  1700,  in.  Matthew  Bridge,  Jr.,  22  Mar.  1719-20,  and  d.  15  June  1785; 
Nathaniel,  bap.  31   May,  1702,  and   d.  26   Dec.  1723,  leaving  dau.  Mary,  b. 
19  Dec.  1723,  and  wife   Ruth,  who  m.  Oliver  Livermore  24   Aug.  1726  ;  and 

afterwards Soden  ;   Grace,  bap.  1   Oct.  1704,  m.  Nathaniel  Coolidge   10 

Mar.  1726-7  ;  Sarah,  bap.  25  May  1707,  m.  Samuel  Stearns,  3  Feb.   1731-2; 

Jane,  b. ,  m.  James  Brown  21  Jan.  1733-4.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  resided 

in  Lexington   near  Wat.,  and   d.  30  June  1748  ;  his  w.  Anna  d.    16   Sept. 
1757. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Francis  (2),  m.  Phebe ,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  16  Sept. 

1697;  Hannah,  b.  11   Nov.  1699;  James,  b.   11   Sept.  1701;  Jonathan,  b.   23 
Feb.  1703-4,  grad.  H.  C.  1724,   ordained  at  Dorchester  5  Nov.  1729,  and  d. 
30  May  1775  ;  Francis,  b.  10  June  1705,  d.  unm.  1750,  and  his  brother  Wil- 
liam, of  Cauib.,  administered;  Edmund,  b.  5  Mar.  1709-10,  grad.  H.  C.  1728, 
merchant  in  Portsmouth  N.  H.  ;    Thaddeus,  b.  2  Sept.   1712  ;   William,  b.    2 
Sept.  1715;  Martha,  b.  8  Sept.  1718,  m.  Samuel  Bridge,  27  Ap.  1738.     JOSEPH 
the  f.  resided  in  Lexington,  which  town  he  represented  in  the  General  Court 
six  years  between  1718  and   1737.     He  was  also  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and 
Selectman  of  Camb.,  1712.     He  d.  8  Ap.  1762,  a.  nearly  88;  his  w.  Phebe 
d.  20  Dec.  1751,  a.  78. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Francis  (2),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Thomas  Andrew,   21 
Nov.  1700;  she  d.  18  Nov.  1  713,  and  he  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  John  Wyeth,  who 
prob.  d.  about  1783.     His  children  were  Andreiv,  b.  15  Oct.  1701,  d.  6  Ap. 
1702;  Samuel,  b.  2  Mar.  1702-3;  Martha,  b.  13  May  1704,  d.  1  Dec.  1713;  Mary, 
b.  14  Aug.   1706;  Rebecca,  b.   10  Jan.  1708-9;  Hannah,  b.   2  Ap.  1711,  m. 
Beriah  Wetmore  of  Middletown,  Conn.;  Andrew,  b.  27  Ap.  1713  ;  Martha,  b. 
10  Feb.  1714-15,  m.  Nehemiah  Cutter,  17  July  1739;  Deborah,b.  30 May  1716, 
m.  Nathaniel  Kidder,  17  Sept.  1741  ;  Noah,  b.  23  Oct.   1718;  Elizabeth,  bap. 
7  May  1721,  d.  11  Oct.  1739  ;  Eunice,  bap.   4  Nov.    1722;  Abigail,  bap.  15 
Mar.  1723-4,  m.  William  Winship,  Jr.,  30  Dec.  1755  ;  Susanna,  bap.  10  July 
1726.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.   1746,  and  his   son  Samuel,  then   of  Chs.,  admin- 
istered.    He  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  the  Bridge  on 
the  homestead  of  Thomas  Andrew,  since  owned  and  occupied  by  Mr.  Ozias 
Morse  ;  and  his  estate  extended  to  the  Charlestown  line,  and  perhaps  beyond 
it.     He  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Cambridge  Church  Aug.  5.  1724  ;  Select- 
man fourteen  years,  1722-1727,  1735-1743;  and  Representative,  1741. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  Francis  (3),  d.  at  Lex.   30  April   1726,  leaving  w.  Mary, 
who  d.   28  June   1757,  and   children,  John,  Jonas,   Francis,   Ebenezer,  and 
Ruth.     He  named  his  father,  Francis  Bowman,  as  executor  of  his  will. 

8  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Joseph  (5),  m.  Mary  Reed  of  Lex.  5  May  1753,  and 
had  Mary,  b.  28  Feb.  1754,  m.  Joel  Viles,  27  June  1775  ;  Hannah,  bap.  4 
Jan.  1756,  m.  James  Walker  of  Burlington;  Phebe,  bap.  19  June  1757,  m. 
Jonathan  Bridge,  22  Feb.  1781;  Martha,  bap.  19  Nov.  1758,  m.  Abraham 
Smith  8  May  1788;  Betty,  bap.  28  Oct.  1759,  m.  William  Bridge  of  Waltham; 
Lydia,  bap.  14  Dec.  1766,  m.  John  Davis  of  Methuen.  WILLIAM  the  f.  re- 
sided in  Lex  ,  and  afterwards  in  West  Cambridge.  He  was  a  prominent 
citizen,  and  d.  12  Oct.  1793,  a.  78  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  27  Oct.  1802,  a.  76. 

9.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  in.  Hannah  Frost,  20  Mar.  1745-6,  and  had 
Samuel,  bap.  26   Ap.  1747;  Edmund,  bap.   12  Feb.   1748-9  ;  Hannah,  bap. 
17  Feb.  1750-51.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  June  1783  ;  his  w.  prob.   d.   25   Ap. 
1794. 

10.  NOAH,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  m.  Hannah  Winship  of  Lex.   (pub.    14  July 
1744),  and  had  Hannah,  prob.  b.  1745,  adm.  to  the  Ch.  1763  ;  Joshua,  bap. 
15  Feb.  1746-7,  grad  H.  C.   1766,  a  Captain  in  the  Continental  army,   in. 
Abigail   Fowle  of    Wat.,   1767  ;    Elizabeth,    bap.    1    May  1748,   perhaps  in. 


496  BOWMAN  — BIIADISH. 


Francis  Whitmore  3d  of  Medf.,  6  June  1765;  Andrew,  bap.  3  Mar.  1754,  a 
physician,  d.  9  Feb.  1777.  He  had  also  dau.  Susanna,  adin.  to  the  Ch.  1777. 
In  his  will,  dated  19  May  1782,  and  proved  2  Oct.  1782,  are  named  w.  Hannah, 
grandson  Nathaniel  Bowman,  living  in  his  family,  and  then  in  College, 
nephew  Samuel  Kidder,  and  son-in-law  Nicholas  Pike  of  Newburyport. 

11.  SOLOMON,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Abigail  Brown  1  Mar.  1768, 
and  had  Abiquil  Brown,  b.  12  Mar.  1769,  m.  Ebenezer  Cutter  of  Charlestown, 

6  Dec.  1789;'  Sybil,  b.  2  Oct.    1770.  m.  Nathan  Nurse  24  Mar.  1803  ;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  23  July  1773,  d.  24  Ap.  1797. 

BOWTELL,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Boutell,  Bouttill,  and  Boutaile),  by  w. 
Margaret,  had  Mary,  b.  26  Oct.  1646  ;  Margaret,  b.  4  Jan.  1650-51  ;  John, 
b.  1652,  d.  1  Dec.  1673.  JOHN  the  f.  d.  30  Aug.  1676,  a.  about  60  ;  his  w. 
Margaret  was  living  in  1689.  M<iry,  who  was  "  burned  to  death  in  a  fit," 
24  Jan.  1701-2,  may  have  been  dau.  of  JOHN. 

2.  HENRY,  m.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  George  Bowers,  25  June  1657,  and  d.  24 
May  1681  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  survived  him. 

BRACKETT,  JOHN,  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  John  Stedman,  23  Aug.  1662,  and 
had  Sarah,  b.  11  April  1663,  d.  19  Sept.  1665;  John,  bap.  21  April  1667. 
JOHN  the  f.  d.  in  Boston  between  12  Dec.  1666  and  30  Jan.  1666-7  ;  his  w. 
Sarah  m.  successively  Dr.  Samuel  Alcock  of  Boston,  and  Hon.  Thomas  Graves 
and  Col.  John  Phillips,  both  of  Charlestown. 

BRADISH,  ROBERT  (sometimes  written  Bradishe,  Breadish,  Broadish,  and 
Brodish),  purchased  of  John  Steele,  28  Aug.  1635,  a  house  and  land  at  the 
westerly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Holyoke  streets,  a  lot  on  the  opposite  side  of 
Harvard  Street,  where  the  Sewall  house  stood,  and  several  acres  out  of  the 
village.  By  his  w.  Mary,  he  had  s.  Joseph,  b.  May  1638.  His  w.  d.  Sept. 

1638,  and  he  m.  Vashti ,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  23  Feb.  1639-40,  d.  6  July 

1642;  John,  b.  3  Dec.  1645;  Samuel,  b.  28  Nov.  1648,  d.  9  Dec.  1648;  he  had 
also,  perhaps  by  first  wife,  James ;  Hannah ;  Mary.  m.  Matthew  Gibbs.  ROBERT 
the  f.  d.  about  1659;  in  his  will,  dated  1  May  1657  and  proved  29  Oct.  1659, 
he  named  w.  Vashti  (who  d.  in  1672),  and  chil.  James,  John,  Joseph,  Mary 
Gibbs,  Hannah  ;  also  son-in-law  Ezekiel  Morrill. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Robert  (1),  was  in  Sudbury,  1662,  in  Framingham,  1672, 

and  returned  to  Camb.  about  1678.     He   in.  Mary ,  and  had  Mary,  b.  10 

Ap.  1665,  m.  John  Green  22  Nov.  1684;  Sarah,  b.  6  May  1667,  prob.  d.  young; 
Hannah,  b.  14  Jan.  1669-70,  m.   Edward  Marrett,  and  d.  9  Ap.  1754  (Barry 
says  she  first  m.  Joseph  Stanhope.  Hist.  From.);  Joseph,  b.  28  Nov.  1672,  prob. 
the    pirate  sent  to  London,   1699,  and  executed;  James;  Ruth,  m.   Thomas 
Ford  of  Marshfield,  5  Ap.  1711;  John,  b.  18  Sept.  1678.  •  JOSEPH  the  f.  d. 
before  2  Ap.  1725,  when  a  part  of  his  estate  in  Cambridge  was  sold  by  Ed- 
ward Marrett  and  w.  Hannah,  John  Green  and  w.  Mary,  John  Bradish,  all 
of  Camb.,  James  Bradish  of  Westborough  and  Thomas  Ford  and  w.  Ruth  of 
Marshfield,  describing  themselves  as  "  children  of  Joseph  Bradifh,  late  of 
Cambridge,  yeoman,  deceased,  who  was  son  of  Robert  Bradish,  formerly  of 
Cambridge  aforesaid,  yeoman,  also  deceased." 

3.  JAMES,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),rem.  to  Marlborough  where  he  m.  Damaris  Rice 
16  June  1708,  and  had  Hepzibah,  b.  1709;  Sarah,  b.  1711;  Robert,  b.   1712; 
Mary,  b.  1715;  James,  b.  1717;  John,  b.  30  Aug.  1719,  who  removed  to  Hard- 
wick,  1742,  m.  Mary   Green  of   Southborough  1746,  adm.  Hardwick   Church, 
1746,  chosen  Deacon,    1774,  and  removed  to  Cummington,    1778;  Jonas,  b. 

7  Aug.  1724;  Sarah,  b.  about  1727,  d.  27  Aug.  1740,  in  her  13th  year;  Anna, 
b.  6  June  1729;  Joseph,  b.  26  Feb.  1731-2,  d.  28  Aug.  1740 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  m.  Hepzibah ,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  27  Oct. 

1705:  John,  b.   10  Sept.  1717;  James,  b.   30  July  1709;  Elizabeth,  b.  1  Feb. 
1711-12,  m  John  Wood  of  Charlestown,   1732;  Jonathan,  b.  16   Sept.  1713; 
William,  b.  31  May  1715,  d.  1  Oct.  1736  ;   Ebenezer,  b.  28  April  1716;  Sarah, 
b.  27  Jan.  1717-18,  m.  John  Morse  29  July  1736;  Rebecca,  b.  10  Dec.  1720, 
m.  Thomas  Oliver,  and  was  his  wid.  in  1746;  Mary,  bap.  17  June  1722,  d. 
young;  Isaac,  b.  25  June  1723.     JOHN   the  f.  d.  17  July  1741,  a.  nearly  60; 
his  w.  Hepzibah  d.  10  Dec.  1735,  a.  50;  his  second  w.  (Mrs.  Abigail  Tucker  of 


BRADISH.  497 

Chs.,  whom  he  m.  1 738)  survived  him.  His  residence  was  at  the  N.  W.  cor- 
ner of  Brighton  and  Eliot  streets.  He  was  College  Glazier,  forty  years  from 
1701;  Selectman  six  years,  first  in  1725;  and  Deacon  of  the  church  from  5 
May  1738. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  had  dau.  Hepzibah,  bap.  15  Mar.  1740-41,  d.  22 
Mar.  1740-41;  he  was  then  at  his  father's  house. 

6.  JAMES,  s.  of  John  (4),  resided  at  Chs.,  where  he  d.  Mar.  1798,  a.  89; 
Mary  w.  of  James  Bradish,  Jr.,  of  Chs.  d.  4.  Mar.  1776,  a.  47,  and  was  buried 
at  Camb. 

7.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (4),  may  have  been  the  same  whose  dau.  Sarah 
was  bap.  29  Mar.  1741.    He  resided  in  Chs.,  where  his  dau.  Catherine  d.  1836, 

a.  83. 

8.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Eunice,  dau.  of  Joseph  Cook,  1739  (pub. 
10  June),  and  had  Eunice,  bap.  15  June  1740,  d.  5  Mar.  1740-41;   Ebenezer, 
bap.  29  Aug.  1742,  d.  young;  Sarah,  b.  26  Feb.   1743-4,  m.  Dr.  Ebenezer 
Hunt  of  Northampton,  5  Nov.  1772;  Eunice,  b.  22  Mar.  1744-5,  d.  unm.  10 
Jan.  1797;  Ebenezer,  b.  17  Sept.  1746;  Eleanor,  b.  30  Jan.  1748-9,  m.  Hon. 
David  Cobb  of  Taunton,  and  d.  7  Jan.  1808.     EBENEZER  the  f.  was  a  glazier 
and  succeeded  his  father  in  the  care  of  glazing  the  College  edifices.     He  pur- 
chased the  estate  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  south  of  Mount  Au- 
burn Street,  sometimes  called  the  Holyoke  estate,  in  1740,  where  he  resided 
until   1749,  when  he  bought  the  Blue  Anchor  Tavern,  in  Brighton   Street, 
where  he  continued  through  life.     This  house,  under  his  direction,  became 
very  popular.     He  dealt  largely  in  real  estate,  and  appears  to  have  been  not 
only  enterprising,  but  judicious  and  successful  in  his  transactions.     He  d.  17 
Oct.  1785,  a.  nearly  70. 

9.  ISAAC,  s.  of  John  (4),  by  w.  Esther,  had  Esther,  m.  John  Goodwin  3d  of 
Chs.  (afterwards  of  Camb.)  21  Nov.  1764,  and  d.  19  Aug.  1840,  a.  95;  Isaac, 

b.  3  Nov.  1752,  grad.  H.  C.  1773,  of  Topsfield  in  1795;    William,  b.  20  July 
1754;  Abigail,  b.  15  July  1756,  d.  2  Oct.  1756;  Abigail,  b.  14  June  1758,  d. 
unm.  18  Oct.  1815;  Ebenezer  King,  b.  21  Nov.  1760,  d.  19  Dec.  1760;  Eben- 
ezer King,  b.  24  June  1762,  d.  16  July  1796;  Timothy,  b.  28  Sept.  1763,  d.  15 
Nov.  1763;  Sarah,  b.  9.  Oct.  1765,  d.  5  Oct.  1767;  Jame*,  b.  18  Mar.  1770, 
d.  4  May  1770.     The  eldest  child,  Esther,  was  b.  about  1745;  and  there  may 
have  been  others  between  her  and  Isaac,  the  first  recorded  in  Camb.    ISAAC 
the  f.  resided  on  the  homestead.     He  was  a  blacksmith,  and  for  several  years 
College  Smith;  his  shop  stood  on  Winthrop  Street,  opposite  the  old  jail.     For 
many  years  before  his  death  he  was  jailor;  in  which  office  he  was  succeeded 
by  his  son-in-law,  John  Goodwin,  who  in  turn  was  succeeded  by  his  son-in- 
law,  Jacob  Watson,  the  office  being  to  some  extent  hereditary  in  the  female 
line.     Like  many  of  his  relatives  in  different  branches  of  the  family,  he  was 
occasionally  insane,  and  d.  by  suicide,  May  1790,  a.  nearly  67. 

10.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (8),  m.  Hannah  Paine  of  Worcester,  1772 
(pub.  12  Sept.),  and  had  Ebenezer,  b.  8  Sept.  1773,  grad.  H.  C.  1792,  rem.  to 
Wilkesbarre,  Penn.,  was  largely  concerned  in  land  speculations,  and  d.  several 
years  ago;   Timothy  Paine,  b.  10  Ap.  1775,  d.  young;  Elizabeth  W.,  m.  Wal- 
ter Burling  of  New  York,  22  June  1800  ;  Timothy  Paine,  b.  4  Sept.  1781,  d. 
young;   Timothy  Paine,  bap.  28  Jan.  1786,  d.  before  attaining  manhood;  Eu- 
nice, bap.  14  Sept.  1788,  d.  22  Ap.  1791.     EBENEZKR  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1769, 
studied  law,  practiced  a  short  time  in  Menotomy,  afterwards  in  Camb.,  and 
resided  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Mt.  Auburn  and  Eliot  streets.     His  supposed 
Tory  predilections  subjected  him  to  considerable  inconvenience  during   the. 
Revolution.     By  a  humble  submission,  however,  and   a  promise  of  good  be- 
havior, as  well  as  by  the  recommendation  of  a  committee  on   his  behalf,  he 
was  permitted  to  remain,  and  his  property  escaped  confiscation.     In  the  lat- 
ter part  of  his  life  he  resided  in  Lancaster,  where  his  habits  of   self-indul- 
gence became  more  inveterate,  and  he  d.  by  suicide,  29  or  30  Ap.  1818. 

11.  WILLIAM,  e.  of  Isaac  (9),  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Benjamin  Green  of  Groton, 
and  had  Esther  Rand,  b.  1   Mar.  1789,  d.  17  Mar.  1805;   Elizabeth  Woods,  b. 
23  Jan.  1791;  Sarah  Goodwin,  b.  13  Feb.  1793;  Ruth  Keep,  b.  10  Mar.  1795; 

32 


498       BRADISH— BRADSHAW  — BRADSTREET. 

William  King,  b.  19  Sept.  1797;  Louisa  Chandler,\>.  29  Jan.  1800.  WILLIAM 
the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  but  thriftless,  and  of  unsteady  habits.  He  sold  his 
share  of  the  homestead  in  1 794,  and  was  a  public  charge,  with  his  family,  in 
1807.  He  d.  in  the  almshouse,  26  Aug.  1817,  a.  63. 

BRADSHAW,  HUMPHREY  (elsewhere  written  Bradsheere,  Bredsha,  and 
Bredshew),  was  in  Camb.  in  1652,  and  received  his  dividend  of  the  Shaw- 
shine  lands.  By  his  w.  Patience,  dau.  of  Geo.  Bowers,  he  had  Sarah,  b.  3 
May  1653;  John,  b.  24  June  1655,  had  liberty  to  build  a  seat  in  the  meeting- 
house, 1678,  and  is  supposed  to  have  afterwards  resided  in  Medford;  Ruth,  b. 
3  Nov.  1657.  His  w.  d.  and  he  m.  Martha,  wid.  of  William  Russell,  24  Mar. 
1665-6.  He  resided  in  Menotomy,  frequently  held  minor  offices  and  acted  on 
committees  for  the  town,  and  d.  9  May  1682.  His  wid.  m.  Thomas  Hall,  24 
May  1683. 

MARY,  perhaps  sister  to  Humphrey,  m.  William  Mitchelson,  26  Ap.  1654. 
STEPHEN,  s.  of  John,  bap.  25  July  1708.  HENRY,  m.  Hannah  Gibbs  Cooke, 
3  June  1781. 

BRADSTREET,  SIMON,  was  one  of  the  original  founders  of  Camb.  He  re- 
sided at  the  easterly  corner  of  Brighton  Street  and  Harvard  Square.  He  was 
a  prominent  citizen  here,  as  well  as  in  other  towns  where  he  successively  re- 
sided, and  was  one  of  the  first  board  of  Selectmen,  or  Townsmen,  elected  in 
Camb.  About  the  time  of  Hooker's  emigration  to  Hartford,  he  removed  to 
Ipswich,  and  thence  to  Andover,  about  1644;  of  which  town  he  was  a  princi- 
pal founder,  and  Selectman  from  its  organization  until  1672.  He  afterwards 
removed  to  Boston,  and  thence  to  Salem,  in  1695,  where  he  d.  27  Mar.  1697, 
a.  94  years.  Before  he  left  England,  he  m.  Ann,  dau.  of  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley. 
She  d.  at  Andover,  16  Sept.  1672,  in  the  60th  year  of  her  age.  He  afterwards 
m.  a  sister  of  Sir  George  Downing.  His  children,  all  by  his  first  w.,  were 
Samuel;  Simon;  Dudley;  John;  Dorothy,  m.  Rev.  Seaborn  Cotton  25  June 
1654,  had  nine  children,  and  d.  26  Feb.  1671-2;  Hannah,  m.  Andrew  Wiggin 
of  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  Sarah,  m.  Richard  Hubbard  of  Ipswich,  who  d.  in  1681,  and 
she  m.  Samuel  Ward  of  Marblehead,  a  Major  in  the  Canada  Expedition  of 
1690,  in  which  he  lost  his  life;  Mercy,  m.  Maj.  Nathaniel  Wade,  who  d.  in 
Medford,  28  Nov.  1707.  These  names  are  gathered  from  Gov.  Bradstreet's 
will.  Some  writers  name  another  daughter,  Ann,  whom  I  regard  as  identical 
with  Hannah ;  these  two  names  were  often  used  interchangeably,  and  the 
father  mentions  only  one  in  his  will.  Those  who  make  a  duplicate  of  Ann 
and  Hannah,  omit  Sarah  entirely,  and  thus  preserve  the  number,  four  sons 
and  four  daughters,  which  Mrs.  Bradstreet  claimed  as  her  own.  The  name 
of  Mercy  has  been  called  Mary,  in  some  publications,  but  erroneously  ;  it  is 
Mercy  in  her  father's  will,  and  on  the  Medford  Records,  where  the  birth  of 
her  children  is  recorded. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Simon  (1),  m.  Mercy,  dau.  of  Capt.  William  Tyng,  and 
had,  in  Boston,  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Jan.  1663-4,  d.  young  ;  Annice  or  Ann,  b.  17 
Nov.    1665,  d.   young;  Mercy,  b.    20   Nov.    1667,   m.   Dr.  James    Oliver  of 
Camb.,  and  d.  29  Mar.  1710.     Dr.  Bradstreet's  w.  Mercy  d.  6  Sept.  1669,  and 
he  m.  Martha,  and  had  Ann,  b.  3   Sept.  1670;  John;  Simon,  b.  1680,  elected 
John   Leverett.  Esq.,  as  his  guardian,  29  July    1697,  being  then   17   years 
old.     SAMUEL  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1653,  and  was  Fellow.     He  was  a  physi- 
cian in  Boston,  Representative  of  Andover,  1670,  removed  to  Jamaica,  and  d. 
1685. 

3.  SIMON,  s.  of  Simon  (1),  m.  his  cousin  Lucy,  dau.  of  Rev.  John  AVood- 
bridge  of  Newbury,  and  had  Simon;  John,  b.  1677;  Lucy,  b.  1680,  m.  Hon. 
Jonathan  Remington  of  Camb.,  5  Sept.  1711,  and  d.  18  Ap.  1743.     John,  a.  20, 
and  Lucy,  a.  17,  chose  Samuel  Ruggles  of  Roxbury  (whose  wife  was  their 
aunt),  to  be  their  guardian,  9  Sept.  1697.     SIMON  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1660, 
preached  for  a  time  at  Charlestown,  was  settled  at  New  London,  and  d.  1683; 
his  wid.  Lucy  m.  Daniel  Epes,  and  d.  at  Medford.     Her  will,  dated  20  Dec. 
1707,  was  proved  11  July  1710. 

4.  DUDLEY,  s.  of  Sirnon  (1),  m.  Ann,  wid.  of  Theodore  Price,  1673  (Felt's 
Hist.  Salem),  and  had  Dudley,  b.  Ap.  1678,  grad.  H.  C.  1698,  taught  school  in 


BRADSTREET  — BRATTLE.  499 

Andover,  ordained  at  Groton,  16  June  1706,  became  an  Episcopalian,  went  to 
England  for  Episcopal  orders,  and  d.  there  of  small-pox,  1714.  DUDLEY 
the  f.  resided  at  Andover,  and  d.  13  Nov.  1702. 

5.  JOHN,  s.   of  Simon  (1),  resided  in  Topsfield,  and  had,  by  w.  Sarah, 
Simon,  b.   14  Ap.  1682  (who  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Rev.  Joseph  Capen  of 
Topsfield),  and  perhaps  others.      Tkayer's  Fam.  Mem. 

6.  SIMON,  s.  of  Simon  (3),  grad.  H.   C.   1693,  preached  a  few  years  at 
Medford,  was  ordained  at  Chs.  26  Oct.  1698,  and  d.  31  Dec.    1741,  a.  72. 
He  was  distinguished  especially  for  his  knowledge  of  the  Greek  language ; 
and  it  is  reported  that  Lieut. -gov.  Tailer,  in  introducing  him  to  Gov.  Burnet, 
remarked,  "Here  is  a  man  who  can  whistle  Greek."     Mr.  Bradstreet  had 
several  children,  and  among  them  was  Rev.  Simon  of  Marblehead. 

BRATTLE,  THOMAS,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Capt.  William  and  Elizabeth 

Tyng,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  ,  d.   5  Sept.  1657;   Thomas,  b.  20  June  1658; 

Elizabeth,  b.  30  Nov.  1660,  m.  Nathaniel  Oliver,  3  Jan.  1676-7;  William,  b. 
22  Nov.  1662;  Katherine,  b.  26  Sept.  1644,  m.  John  Eyre  20  May  1680,  and 
after  his  death  m.  Wait  Winthrop  13  Nov.  1707,  and  d.  2  Aug.  1725;  Bethia, 
b.  13  Dec.  1666,  m.  Joseph  Parsons  of  Boston,  and  d.  4  July  1690;  Mary,  b. 
10  Aug.  1668,  m.  John  Mico  20  Aug.  1689,  and  d.  22  Dec.  1733;  Edward, 
b.  18  Dec.  1670,  m.  Mary  Legg  of  Marblehead  23  Mar.  1692-3,  and  d.  in 
1719.  THOMAS  the  f.  resided  in  Boston,  and,  while  towns  were  permitted 
to  elect  non-residents  as  Representatives,  he  represented  Lancaster,  1671, 
1672,  and  Concord,  1678,  1679.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Suffolk  Troop, 
Cornet  in  1670,  and  Captain  in  1676,  in  which  office  he  was  actively  engaged 
in  Philip's  War.  He  d.  5  Ap.  1683,  a.  60.  His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  suddenly  9 
Nov.  1682,  a.  44,  at  the  wedding  of  her  niece  Anna  Shepard  and  Daniel 
Quincy.  Judge  Sewall,  who  was  present,  says  she  died  immediately  after 
her  illness  commenced,  and  that  she  was  laid  out  on  the  bridal  bed.  [Her 
mother,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Tyng,  was  daughter  of  Rowland  Coytmore,  Master  of 
the  Trinity  or  East  India  House,  whose  widow  Katherine  d.  at  Charlestown, 

29  Nov.  1659;  Mrs.  Coytmore,  by  her  first  husband, —  Gray,  had  Parnell,  m. 

Increase  Nowell ;  Katherine;  m.  Thomas  Graves,  a  Rear  Admiral ;  Sarah,  m. 

Williams;  by  her  second  husband,  Coytmore,  she  had  Elizabeth,  m.  Capt. 

William  Tyng;  and  Thomas,  a  ship-master,  who  was  lost  at  sea  1645,  and 
whose  wid.  Martha,  dau.  of  Capt.  Rainsborough  and  sister  to  Col.  Rains- 
borough  of  Cromwell's  army,  became  successively  the  wife  of  Gov.  John 
Winthrop  and  of  Mr.  John  Cogan,  and  d.  1660;  of  her,  it  is  remarkable  that 
she  had  three  husbands,  children  by  each,  and  yet  d.  childless.] 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1676,  resided  in  Boston,  was 
Treasurer  of  the  College  twenty-five  years  from  1688,  and  d.  unm.  16  or  18 
May  1713.     He  was  a  principal  founder  of  the  Brattle  Street  Church,  and  a 
steadfast  opposer  of  the  violent  proceedings  of  the  courts,  during  the  witch- 
craft delusion  in  1692. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Hayman  of  Boston,  3  Nov. 
1697,  and  had  Thomas,  bap.   14  Aug.  1698,  d.  young;   William,  b.  18  Ap. 
1706.     WILLIAM  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1680;    Tutor;    Fellow,  1707  to  1717; 
Treasurer,   1713  to  1715;   Bachelor  of  Divinity,  1692;  Fellow  of  the  Royal 
Society;  ordained  at  Cambridge  25  Nov.  1696,  where  he  d.  15  Feb.  1716-17, 
a.  54.     His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  28  July  1715,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Rev. 
Joseph  Green  of  Danvers,  and  dau.  of  Rev.  Joseph  Gerrish  of  Wenham ;  she 
d.  at  Medford  26  Nov.  1747.      See  pp.  282-287. 

4.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  settled  in  Marblehead,  was  a  Captain,  m. 
Mary,  dau.  of  John  Legg,  and  d.  in  1719,  and  his  w.  Mary  in.  Col.  Edmund 
Goffe  24  July  1728. 

5.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (3),  m.  Katherine,  dau.  of  Gov.  Gurdon  Salton- 
stall,   23  Nov.   1727,  and   had  William,   b.  4.  Jan.  1728-9,  d.  14  Oct.  1730; 
Katherine,  b.  2  June  1730,  m.  John  Mico  Wendell  13  Aug.  1752,  and  d.  30 
Jan.  1821;   Mary,  bap.  18  March  1732-3;    Elizabeth,   bap.    16   June   1734; 
Sarah,  bap.   20  June  1736;   William,  bap.  8  Oct.   1738;  Lucy,  bap.  30  Mar. 
1740;    Thomas,  bap.   14  Feb.   1741-2;   Elizabeth,  bap.  8  May  1743.     Only 


500  BRATTLE  — BREWER  — BRIDGE. 

Katherine  and  Thomas  survived  to  maturity.  His  w.  Katherine  d.  28  April 
1752,  a.  47,  and  he  m.  wid.  Martha  Allen  of  Boston,  dau.  of  Thomas  Fitch, 
Esq.  WILLIAM  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1722,  resided  in  the  house  which  still 
bears  his  name  on  Brattle  Street,  and  was  successively  physician,  preacher, 
and  lawyer,  and  was  Attorney-general,  1736  and  1747.  An  inordinate  love  of 
popularity  seems  to  have  been  one  of  his  most  striking  characteristics ;  and  his 
taste  was  abundantly  gratified.  He  was  appointed  Justice  of  the  Peace,  1729, 
at  the  early  age  of  twenty-three  years ;  was  Selectman  twenty-one  years, 
between  1729  and  1772;  Representative  ten  years,  first  elected  in  1729; 
member  of  the  Council  from  1755  to  1773,  except  the  single  year  1769,  when 
he  was  negatived  by  the  Governor.  As  early  as  1729,  he  was  Major;  Capt. 
of  the  Ancient  and  Hon.  Artillery  in  1733;  Adjutant-general  as  early  as  1758; 
and  Brigadier-general.  Up  to  1769,  Gen.  Brattle  seems  to  have  advocated 
the  popular  rights,  and  was  probably  negatived  by  the  royal  Governor  as  a 
punishment.  But  soon  afterwards  he  received  new  light  concerning  the 
matter  in  dispute  between  the  Provinces  and  Great  Britain,  and  was  allowed 
to  resume  his  seat  in  the  Council.  As  a  further  reward  for  his  political  con- 
version, he  was  appointed,  in  1771,  Major-general  of  the  Militia  throughout 
the  Province;  and  from  this  time  the  Government  had  not  a  more  devoted 
servant.  On  the  other  hand,  his  subserviency  to  British  power  did  not 
secure  all  which  he  desired.  He  was  doubtless  gratified  with  the  commission 
of  Major-general ;  but,  after  nearly  twenty  years'  service  as  a  member  of  the 
Council,  he  must  have  been  mortified  and  chagrined,  when  he  learned  that  he 
was  not  named  as  a  Mandamus  Councillor,  but  wns  superseded  by  Judge  Lee, 
and  still  worse,  by  Col.  Oliver,  his  subordinate  officer,  both  as  Councillor  and 
Lieutenant-governor.  His  fate  furnishes  a  sad  example  of  the  folly  of  at- 
tempting to  serve  two  masters.  He  took  shelter  in  Boston  when  the  people 
became  roused  to  action ;  he  had  gone  too  far  ever  to  reinstate  himself  in 
their  good  opinion,  and  his  only  alternative  was  to  put  his  trust  under  the 
shadow  of  British  power.  In  Dec.  1774,  ostensibly  for  the  consideration  of 
£1,500  sterling,  he  conveyed  to  his  son  Thomas  Brattle  all  his  real  estate  in 
Cambridge.  When  the  British  troops  evacuated  Boston  he  went  to  Halifax, 
N.  S.,  and  there  d.  25  Oct.  1776. 

6.  THOMAS,  s.  of  William  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1760,  and  was  Member  of  the 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  and  of  the  Mass.  Historical  Society.  He  was 
in  Europe  when  the  Revolutionary  War  commenced;  and,  perhaps  chiefly  on 
account  of  his  father's  apostacy,  he  was  proscribed  as  an  absentee  in  1778. 
He  returned  to  Newport,  R.  I.  in  1779,  but  was  not  permitted  to  reside  in 
Massachusetts  until  1784,  when  he  was  forgiven  on  account  of  his  kindness 
and  generosity  to  Americans  in  Europe.  It  is  doubtful  whether  he  was  a 
thorough  Tory;  but  it  is  certain  he  was  not  an  active  one.  He  was  too  fond 
of  luxurious  ease  to  peril  life,  limb,  or  personal  comfort,  upon  any  political 
question.  After  his  return,  he  lived  in  quietness  among  his  fellow-townsmen. 
His  house  was  open  to  his  friends,  where  he  dispensed  a  most  generous  hospi- 
tality. The  taste  he  displayed  in  ornamenting  his  grounds,  and  cultivating 
the  choicest  fruits  and  flowers,  was  a  subject  of  general  admiration.  His  per- 
sonal conduct  was  such,  that  the  late  Dr.  Holmes  styles  him  a  "  very  worthy 
and  respectable  man."  He  d.  unm.  7  Feb.  1801,  a.  59.  In  him,  the  male 
line,  in  direct  descent  from  Rev.  William  Brattle,  became  extinct. 

BREWER,  JOHN,  by  w.  Anne,  had  John,  b.  10  Sept.  1642;  Hannah,  b.  18 
Jan.  1644-5.  This  family  prob.  rem.  to  Sudbury,  and  thence  to  Framing- 
ham. 

BRIDGE,  JOHN,  was  among  the  earliest  inhab.  of  Camb.,  and  owned  land 
here  in  1632.  He  resided,  1635,  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  South 
streets,  and  soon  afterwards  owned  a  house  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Winthrop  streets.  About  1638,  he  purchased  a  house  near  the  spot 
where  the  Washington  Head-quarters  now  stands,  with  twelve  acres  of  land, 
and  resided  there.  He  was  early  elected  Deacon  of  the  Church ;  was  Select- 
man twelve  years,  between  1635  and  1652;  Representative  four  yeai-s,  from 
1637  to  1641;  and  frequently  employed  in  the  settlement  of  estates,  and  in 


BRIDGE  —  BRIGHAM.  501 

determining  the  boundaries  of  towns.  He  in.  Elizabeth  Saunders  1658 
(marriage  contract  dated  29  Nov.  1658),  who  had  previously  been  the  w.  of 
Roger  Bancroft  of  Camb.  and  Martin  Saunders  of  Braintree.  He  d.  about 
1665,  leaving  wife,  son  Matthew,  and  granddaughter  Dorcas,  dau.  of  s.  Thomas 
deceased.  His  w.  Elizabeth  subsequently  m.  Edward  Taylor  of  Boston,  and 
was  Jiving  in  1685.  See  ROGER  BANCROFT. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Dorcas ,  and  had  Dorcas,  b.   16  Feb. 

1648-9,  m.   Daniel  Champney  3  Jan.  1665-6.     THOMAS  and  his  w.  Dorcas 
both  d.  before  28  Nov.  1654,  when  his  father  was  appointed  administrator. 

3.  MATTHEW,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Anna,  dau.   of  Nicholas  Danforth,  and 
had  John,  b.  15  June  1645,  d.  1672,  and  his  father  administered;  Anna,  b. 
about  1647,  living  in  1674,  m.  Saml.  Livermore,  Wat.,  4  June  1668  ;  Martha, 
b.  19  Jan.  1648-9,  d.   15  Jan.  1649-50;  Matthew,  b.  5  May  1650;  Samuel,  b. 
14,  17,  or  24  Feb.  1652-3,  d.  25  Feb.  1672-3;   Thomas,  b.  1  June  1656,  d.  28 
Mar.  1673  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  1  7  Aug.  1659,  in.  Capt.  Benj.  Garfield,  Wat.,  19  Jan. 
1677-8,  and  (2d)   Samuel  Harrington.     MATTHEW  the  f.  rern.  to  the  Farms, 
now  Lex.,  where  he  owned  400  acres,  m.  1668,  previously  to  which  he  had  prob. 
resided  on  the  estate  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets,  which 
he  bought  in  1657,  and  sold  to  Capt.  Pyam  Blowers  in  1672,  being  then  occu- 
pied by  Reuben  Luxford.     He  inherited  his  father's  homestead,  which  he  sold 
to  John  Marrett  in   1683.     In  early  life  he  was  accused,  probably  without 
sufficient  cause,  of  a  heinous  crime,  for  which  he  was  arraigned  before  the 
General    Court.      June  4    1637,  "  Matthew  Bridge,   being   accused    to    be 
guilty   of  the  untimely  death  of  John  Abbot,  the  said  Matthew  and  John 
Bridge  his  father  were  bound  in  £40.  for  his  appearance  at  the  next  Quarter 
Court,  to  be  held  the  first  Tuesday  in  the  7th  mo.  at  Boston."     Sept.  19,  1637, 
"  Matthew  Bridge  appearing,  and  no  evidence  coming  in  against  him,  he  was 
quit  by  proclamation."     His  innocence  is  to  be  presumed,  not  only  from  the 
absence  of  testimony  against  him,  but  from  his  subsequent  character  and  con- 
duct.    He   married  into  one  of  the  most  respectable  families  in  Camb.  and 
appears  to  have  lived  to  a  good  old  age,  respected  by  his  townsmen.     He  d. 
28  Ap.  1700,  when  he  must  have  been  more  than  80  vears  old;  his  w.  Anna  d. 
2  Dec.  1704. 

4.  MATTHEW,  s.  of  Matthew  (3),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Joseph  Russell,  and 
had  Mary,  b.  19  June  1688,  m.  Wm.  Russell;  Anna,b.  12  Sept.  1691,  m.  — 
Watson;  Matthew,  b.  1   Mar.  1693-4;  Abigail,  b.   1   Ap.  1696,  m. Whit- 
ney; Joseph,  b.  8  July  1698,  d.   1   Nov.  1778,  and  his  w.  Abigail  d.  13  Dec. 
1797,  a.  95;  John,  b.  1    Sept.  1700;  Elizabeth,  b.    30  Nov.    1703;  Samuel,   b. 
2  May   1705,   d.   8  June   1791,  and  his  w.   Martha  d.   10  June  1793,  a.  76; 
Martha,  b.   20   Sept.  1807.     MATTHEW  the  f.  resided  on  the  homestead  in 
Lex.,  which  was   secured  to  him  by  deed  from  his  father  in  1674.     He  d.  29 
May  1738,  a.  88  ;  his  w.  Abigail  d".  14  Dee.  1722,  a.  55. 

5.  MATTHEW,  s.  of  Matthew  (4),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Bowman, 
24  Mar.   1719-20,  and  had   Matthew,  b.   18  July  1721,  grad.  H.  C.  1741,  or- 
dained at  Framingham   19  Feb.  1745-6,  and  d.  2  Sept.   1775  ;  Anna,  b.  1723, 
m. Brooks;  Nathaniel,  b.  8  July  1725;  Sarah,  b.  30  Sept.  1728.     MAT- 
THEW the  f.  d.  at  Waltham  25  Mar.  1761.     His  w.  Abigail  d.  15  June  1785. 
See  Barry's  Hist.  From. 

BRIGHAM,  SEBASTIAN,  about  1638  bought  house  and  garden  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Holyoke  and  Winthrop  streets,  which  he  sold  to  John  Bridge  in 
1639.  He  prob.  rem.  to  Rowley,  where  one  of  the  same  name  was  Captain  of 
the  militia,  1643,  and  was  Representative  in  1650.  Gage's  Hixt.  Rowley. 

2.  THOMAS,  came  to  N.  E.  in  the  Susan  and  Ellen,  1635,  then  aged  32,  and 
about  1638  resided  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets.  By 
his  w.  Mercy  he  had  Thomas,  b.  about  1641,  d.  25  Nov.  1717,  a.  76;  John, 

b.  9  Mar.  1644-5,  d.  16  Sept.  1728,  a.  83;  Mary,  b.  ,  m.  John  Fay  of 

Marlborough,  had  John,  b.  30  Nov.  1669,  David,  b.  15  Oct.  1671,  d.  2  Aug. 
1676,  and  Samuel,  b.  11  Oct.  1673,  not  long  after  whose  birth  the  mother 
died;  Hannah,  b.  9  Mar.  1650-51,  m.  Wm.  Ward  of  Marlborough;  Samuel,  b. 
12  Jan.  1652-3,  d.  24  July  1713,  aged  60.  THOMAS  the  f.  was  Constable  in 


502  BRIGH  AM  —  BROWN. 

1639  and  1642,  Selectman,  1640,  1647,  and  d.  8  Dec.  1653.  His  w.  Mercy 
(whose  name  is  said  to  have  been  Hurd)  m.  Edmund  Rice,  Sen.,  of  Sudbury  1 
Mar.  1655-6,  who  removed  to  Marlborough  and  d.  in  May  1663,  and  she  m. 
William  Hunt  of  Concord  whom  she  survived,  and  d.  at  Mavlborough  22  or 
28  Dec.  1693.  On  her  second  marriage,  she  took  with  her  to  Sudbury  and  to 
Marlborough  all  her  children,  from  whom  descended  a  numerous  posterity, 
residing  in  and  near  Marlborough,  some  of  whom  attained  high  distinction.1 

BROWN,  or  BROWNE,  RICHARD,  owned  land  south  of  the  river,  which  he 
sold  in  1645;  but  probably  was  a  resident  of  Watertown. 

2.  ROBERT,  m.  Barbara  Eden  8  May  1649.     They  seem  to  have  had  no 
children.     In   1657  he  purchased  a  house  and  land  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of 
Holyoke  and  Bow  streets,  when  the  westerly  end  of  Bow  Street  was  several 
rods  more  northerly  than  its  present  location.     He  d.    23  Nov.   1690,  a.   70. 
His  w.  Barbara  d.  1  June  1693,  a.  80. 

3.  JOHN,  m.  Esther  Makepeace  of  Boston,  and  had  in  Camb. ,  Joseph,  b.  8 
Feb.  1655-6,  killed  by  a  cart  24  Sept.  1671;  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Mar.  1657  ;  Sarah, 
b.  18  July  1661;  Mary,  b.  19  Dec.   1662;  and  "in  Marlboro,"  John,  b.  27 
Nov.  1664;  Hester,  b.  and  d.  1667;  Thomas,  b.  1669;  Daniel,  b.  1671 ;  Deborah, 
b.  1673;  Abigail,  b.  1675;  Joseph,  b.  1677.    JOHN  thef.  resided  in  Menotomy, 
sold  his  estate  27  Oct.  1665,  and  four  days  afterwards  bought  in  Marlborough;  in 
the  deed  of  purchase,  he  is  styled  "  Scotsman."     He  again  "  sold  to  Thomas 
Rice,  1678,  moved  to  WTat.,  and  d.  1696,  leaving  John,   Thomas,  Daniel,  and 
Joseph;  and  four  daus.  who  m.  John  Justin,  John  Adams,  Thomas  Darby,  and 
John  Hartshorn."     Barry's  Hist.  From. 

4.  THOMAS,  m.  Martha,  wid.  of   Richard  Oldam,  7  Oct.  1656,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  28  Ap.  1658,  d.  young;  Mehetabel,  b.  13  May  1661  ;  Mary,  b.  1  Nov. 
1663,  d.  before  1690  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  15  June  1665;  Ichabod,  b.  5.  Sept.  1666; 
Martha,  b.   19   Oct.   1668,   m.    Samuel   Parker   of   Reading,  3  Jan.  1688-9. 
THOMAS  the  f.  resided  south  of  the  river,  on  the  estate  which  he  purchased 
of  Richard  Oldam 's  executor  in  1659.     He  d.  in  1690.     His  w.  Martha  and 
four  children  survived. 

5.  EBENEZKR,  s.  of  Thomas  (4),  by  w.  Mary  had  Thomas,  b.  16  May,  1692, 
d.  May  1696;  Ebenezer,  b.  30  Nov.  1694;  Mary,  b.    9  Ap.  1696,  d.  25  Jan. 
1711-12;  Thomas,  b.  19  Aug.  1698;  Hepzibah,  b.  31  Mar.  1702;  Mehetabel,  b. 
2  May  1710. 

6.  ICHABOD,  s.  of  Thomas  (4),  m.  Martha,  had  John,  b.  1  Nov.  1696,  grad. 
H.  C.  1714,  ordained  at  Haverhill  13  May  1719;  d.  2  Dec.  1742;  Martha,  b. 
16  June  1699,  m.   William  Fessenden,  4  Jan.   1727-8;  Priscilla,  b.   16  Dec. 
1702,  m.  Noah  Sparhawk,  24  Sept.  1724;  Sarah,  b.  26  Sept.  1706,  m.  Samuel 
Belcher   27  Dec.  1726.     Martha  the   m.  d.  1    Sep.   1708,  and  her  husb.  m. 
Margaret  Odlin  13  Jan.  1708-9  and  had  Abigail,  b.  8  May  1710.     ICHABOD 
the  f.  d.  1728.     His  w.  Margaret  and  his  five  children  survived. 

7.  WILLIAM,  m.  Deborah,  wid.  of  Thomas  Squire,  11  Nov.  1703,  and  had 
William,  b.  24  Nov.  1704;  Josiah,  b.  22  Oct.  1706;  Jonathan,   b.  8  July  1708, 

1  The  marriage  of  Mar}-  to  John  Fay,  and  Deeds,  vol.  viii.  John  Fay's  wife  was  Mary, 

of  Hannah  to  William  Ward,  is  indicated  and  there  was  no  other  Fay  in  Marlborough 

by  two  legal  documents  found  on  record  in  at  that  time  of  suitable  age  to  be  the  father 

Middlesex  County:  (1.)  "  Thomas  Brigham,  of  John  and  Samuel  before  named;  and  I 

John  Brigham,  Samuel  Brigham,  Hannah  do  not  find  any  Hannah  Ward  in  that  town 

Ward,  and  John  Fay  and  Samuel  Fay,  chil-  who  could  represent  herself  as  a  daughter 

dren  of  Mary  Fay,  all  of  Marlborough   in  of    Thomas  Brigham,   except  the  wife  of 

said  County  of  Middlesex,  being  the  chil-  William  who  united  with  the  Brighams  in 

dren  and  heirs  of  their  father  Thomas  Brig-  the  sale  of  Cambridge  land.     This  Hannah 

ham  late  of  Cambridge,"  etc.,  commenced  had  been  wife  of  Gershom  Eames,  and  is 

a  suit  28  Sept.  1695,  to  recover  certain  lands  supposed    by  her    descendant  Andrew   H. 

in  possession  of  "  Samuel  Hastings,  Sen.,"  Ward  (Hist.  Shrewsbury,  p.  457)  to   have 

who    purchased    the    Brigham    homestead,  been  daughter  of  Solomon  Johnson  of  Sud- 

Mid.  Prob.  Rec.,  vii.  9,  at  the  end  of  the  bury;   but  I   think  it  more  probable   that 

volume.      (2.)  Thomas,  John,  and   S:imuel  Thomas  Brigham  was  her  father,  and  that 

Brigham,  and  William  Ward,  all  of  Marl-  John  Brigham,  who  witnessed  the  execution 

borough,  jointly  convey  land  in  Cambridge  of  her  will,  30  Oct.  1714,  was  her  brother, 
to  Nicholas  Fessenden,  27  Dec.  1681.    Mid. 


BROWN  — BUCK.  503 

m.  Hannah  Gore  of  Roxbury  1731,  d.  in  Camb.,  and  his  bro.  Josiah  of  New- 
ton was  appointed  adm.  18  Nov.  1751;  Deborah,  b.  6  Oct.  1712,  m.  James 
Green  20  Mar.  1733-4;  Mary,  b.  16  Jan.  1715-16,  m.  John  Bowles  of  Rox- 
bury 1735;  John,  b.  19  Jan.  1717-18,  m.  Esther  Hovey  of  Brookline  7 
Dec.  1739.  By  a  second  w.  Mary  Bayley  (pub.  13  Oct.  1744),  he  had  Thad- 
deus,  bap.  28  Sept.  1746;  Susanna,  bap.  24  Ap.  1748;  Seth  Ingersoll,  bap.  8 
July  1750,  m.  Lucy  Brown  7  July  1777,  and  Sarah  Goddin  5  Oct.  1786; 
Mary,  b.  1752;  Jonathan,  bap.  15  Sept.  1754;  AUjah ;  Josiah;  Lucy.  WIL- 
LIAM the  f .  d.  1 768.  His  w.  Mary  (who  afterwards  m. Bray)  and  her  six 

children  survived;  also  William,  the  eldest  son  by  the  first  wife;  the  others 
had  deceased,  leaving  heirs.  From  the  long  interval  between  1718  and  1746, 
these  children  might  be  thought  to  compose  two  families;  but  the  father  names 
them  all  in  his  will,  describing  the  second  class  as  his  "  five  younger  sons," 
and  his  "  three  younger  daughters."  About  two  years  before  his  death,  he 
rem.  from  Camb.  to  Natick. 

8.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  William  (7),  m.  Mary  Sever  of  Brookline  1737.     He  is 
supposed  to  have  resided  principally  in  Newton,  but  was  of  Camb.  at  the  time 
of  his  death.     His  w.  Mary  and  s.  Josiah  were  appointed  adms.  7  Sept.  1761. 
His  chil.  were  Josiah,  became  non  comp.  and  Thomas  Learned  and  Stephen 
Dana  were  appointed  guardians,  21  Nov.  1768;  Mary,  m.  Stephen  Paine,  Jr., 
of  Maiden  28  Feb.  1754;  Deborah,  m.   Thomas  Learned  of  Watertown  1759; 
Sarah,  m.  William  Bowles  of  Roxbury  26  Nov.  1761  ;   Phineas.  b.  abt.  1742; 
Eleanor,  bap.  in  Camb.  5  Aug.  1744,  m.  Stephen  Dana  16  Sept.  1762,  d.  in 
Brighton  19  Nov.  1837,  a.  93  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  1745  or  1746,  m.  Thomas  Hovey 
21  Ap.  1763,  d.  at  Rutland  14  Jan.  1821,  a.  75. 

9.  JOHN,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Zachariah  Bordman,  13  May  1776,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  9  Feb.  1777,  d.  18  Feb.  1777;  John  Thomas,  b.  23  Nov.  1778,  d. 
on  the  passage  from  Africa  to  Havana,  15  Sept.  1811  ;  Mary  Stebbins,  b.   18 
Dec.  1780  (1781  on  the  record),  m.  James  Read;  Charles,  b.  13  Jan.  1782, 
d.  8  Ap.  1782;  George  Bulkley,  b.  11  Dec.  1783;  Elizabeth,  b.  13  Sept.  1786, 
m.  John  Labottiere  of  Boston  31  Aug.  1806;  Sally,  b.  17  Aug.  1789.    JOHN 
the  f .  was  a  bricklayer,  and  a  Major  of  militia.    He  kept  a  tavern  several  years 
on  Harvard  Square.     He  d.  1  Sept.  1815,  a.  68,  having  m.  two  wives  after 
the  decease  of  his  first  w.  Elizabeth,  both  of  whom  it  is  said  followed  his  body 
in  the  funeral  procession. 

BUCK,  WILLIAM  (sometimes  written  Bucke),  a  "  plowrite,"  came  toN.  E. 
in  the  Increase  1635,  then  a.  50,  with  his  son  Roger,  a.  18.  He  resided  in 
the  west  field,  northeasterly  from  Garden  Street,  where  was  formerly  one  of 
the  highways  to  the  Great  Swamp  now  called  Raymond  Street.  He  d.  24 
Jan.  1657-8,  a.  about  73. 

2.  ROGER,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.   Susan,  or  Susanna,  had  Samuel,  b.  6 
Feb.  1642-3;  John,  b.  3  Sept.  1644;  Ephraim,  b.  26  July  1646;  Mary,  b.  23 
June  1648,  d.  31  Aug.  1669;  Ruth,  b.  6  Nov.  1653,  m.   Thomas  Baverick ; 
Elizabeth,  b.  5  July  1657,  m.  Joshua  Wood,  20  Aug.   1678.     John,  prob.  s.  of 
Roger,  d.  1664.     Lydin,  perh.  dau.  of  Roger,  m.  Henry  Smith,  3  Mar.  1672-3. 
ROGER  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead  and  the  occupation  of  his  father.     He 
was  also  for  a  time  the  public  executioner,  in  which  capacity  he  was  ordered  to 
inflict  twenty  lashes  on  a  culprit  in  1668.     His  w.  Susanna  d.  10  Sept.  1685  ; 
after  which  he  seems  to  have  removed  to  Woburn,  where  in  1688  he  acknowl- 
edged 'the  sale  of  part  of  his  homestead  to  his  son-in-law  Thos.  Baverick,  on 
condition  that,  if  Baverick  should  sell  the  same,  his  son  Ephraim  Buck  should 
have  the  preference  as  a  purchaser.     He  d.  at  Woburn  10  Nov.  1693,  a.  76. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Roger  (2),  m.  Rachel  Leven  16  Mar.  1669-70,  and  had 
Nathaniel,  b.  16  July  1672,  d.  19  July  1672  ;  Hannah,  b.  3  Jan.  1674-5,  d.  13 

Ap.  1675;  Rachel,  b.  7  July  1676,  m. Brooks;  Hannah,  b.  18  Aug.  1680; 

Sarah,  b.  5  July  1684;  Samuel,  b.  3  Dec.  1686.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  in 
Menotomy,  and  d.  21  Sept.  1690.     His  w.  Rachel  survived  about  four  years,  her 
inventory  being  presented  27  Feb.  1694-5.     The  estate  was  divided,  2  Mar. 
1696-7,  between  Rachel  Brooks,  Hannah  Buck,  Sarah  Buck,  and  Samuel  Buck. 

4.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Roger  (2),  resided  in  Woburn.     His  will,  dated  23  Nov. 


504  BULL  — BUNKER -BURGESS. 

1717,  proved  20  Mar.  1720-21,  names  w.  Sarah,  and  chil.  Ephraim,  Samuel, 
John,  Ebenezer,  Sarah  Grover,  Mary  w.  of  Nathaniel  Pike,  Eunice. 

BULL,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Blythe,  had  Rebecca,  b.  22  Aug.  1644;  John,  b.  9 
Mar.  1646-7;  Mary,  b.  9  Mar.  1649-50;  William,  10  Sept.  1652;  Samuel,  b. 
17  Sept.  1654 ;  Elisha,  b.  21  June  1657.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  13  Sept.  1688,  a. 
72.  At  the  date  of  his  will,  21  May  1687,  all  his  chil.  were  living.  His  w. 
Blythe  d.  23  Sept.  1690,  a.  72. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  resided  in  Menotomy,  and  d.  without  chil. 
about  the  end  of  the  year  1724.     His  w.  Elizabeth  was  prob.  sister  to  Wrilliam 
Goddin  or  Goding  of  Watertown.     He  conveyed,  29  Oct.  1724,  to  his  adopted 
children,  Samuel  Goding  and  Mary  Boyce,  all  his  estate,  except  £50,  due  by 
his  brother-in-law  William  Goding  of  Watertown,  which,  being  a  part  of  his 
wife's  inheritance,  was  left  to  her  disposal. 

3.  ELISHA,  s.  of  William  (1),  resided  in  Menotomy.     He  m.  Deborah  Wil- 
son 2  May  1689,  and  had  Elisha,  b.  12  Mar.  1689-90;  John,  b.  1693,  d.   2 
Ap.  1698;  John,  bap.   25  June  1699,  d.  14  Jan.  1720-21  ;    William,  b.  11  Ap. 
1703;  Samuel,  b.  23  Ap.  1705;  Robert,  b.  3  July  1707;  Deborah,  b.  1   July 
1710,  was  non  comp.  from  her  birth,  and  was  living  in  1771.     Deborah  the  m. 
d.  7  Ap.  1722. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Elisha  (3),  was  a  public  charge,  and  d.  prob.  unm.  be- 
fore 1755.     His  brother  Robert  left  a  legacy  to  the.  Town,  of  £40,  in  consid- 
eration of  the  expense  incurred  for  the  support  of  William,  and  his  sister 
Deborah. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Elisha  (3),  by  his  w.  Mary,  had   Samuel,  bap.  9  Dec. 
1733,   prob.  d.   young;  John,  bap.   21   Sept.  1735;  Mary,  bap.  17  Ap.   1737; 
Sarah,  bap.   14  Jan.  1738-9.     SAMUEL  the  f.  prob.  d.  in  1747,  when  guar- 
dians were  appointed  to  his  children,  John,  Mary,  and  Sarah.     His  w.  Mary 
d.  9  Feb.  1739-40,  a.  29. 

6.  ROBERT,   s.   of  Elisha  (3),  executed  a  will  10   Sept.  1755,  which  was 
proved  6  Nov.  1758.     He  had  w.  Tabitha  who  d.  in  Aug.  1770,  but  no  chil- 
dren.    His  property  was  bequeathed  to  John,  Mary,  and  Sarah,  children  of 
his  bro.  Samuel,  deceased,  subject  to  the  widow's  life  estate  and  to  a  legacy 
of  £40  to  the  Town  of  Cambridge. 

RUTH  m.  Andrew  Bordman  15  Oct.  1669.  JACOB,  m.  Rebecca  Gamage  25 
Mar.  1756.  ROBERT,  m.  Mellicent  Mason  7  Oct.  1771. 

BUNKER.  JOHN,  of  Maiden  (prob.  son  of  George,  of  Charlestown),  m. 
Hannah  Miller  —  Sept.  1655,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  —  Oct.  1656,  m.  in 
Camb.,  Samuel  Newman  of  Rehoboth,  2  May  1689;  and  was  living  in  1715; 
Mary,  b.  29  Dec.  1658,  m.  Jonathan  Sprague  of  Maiden,  and  was  living  in 
1714;  John,b.  and  d.  in  Jan.  1660-61;  John,  b.  —  May  1662;  perhaps  a  third 
John;  Edward,  a  mariner,  d.  1691 ;  Joseph,  a  felt-maker,  d.  in  Boston,  prob. 
unm.  about  1690.  His  will  is  dated  18  Aug.  1687;  his  inventory  presented 
1  July  1690;  JOHN  the  f.  d.  10  Sept.  1672,  on  which  day  he  executed  a  will  in 
which  are  named  children,  John,  Mary,  Hannah,  Edward,  and  Joseph,  all 
minors,  "cousin  Mr.  Edward  Bulkley,"  and  "sister  Hills,  w.  of  Joseph 
Hills." 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  in  Camb.,  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Benoni  Eaton,  28 
Ap.  1690,  and  had  daughter  Rebecca,  who  m.  John  Stimpson  of  Chs.  5  July 

1709.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  saddler;  his  shop  was  in  Harvard  Square.     In  1708, 
the  spot  where  the  shop  stood  was  granted  for  a  Court  House,  but  the  right 
was  reserved  to  John  Bunker  and  Andrew  Bordman  to  finish  and  use  the 
lower  story  for  shops.     In  1701,  he  purchased  the  estate  formerly  the  home- 
stead of  his  wife's  father;  and,  in  1709,  a  house  and  land  on  the  east  side  of 
Brighton  Street,  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mt.  Auburn  Street,  part  of 
which  was  subsequently  owned  by  his  nephew  Joseph  Sprague.     He  d.  1 7 
May  1712,  a.  48  (so  marked  on  the  gravestone);  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  15  Sept. 

1710,  a.  40  years  and  9  months. 

BURGESS,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Burges,  Burgis,  and  Burgiss).  m. 
Hannah,  dau.  of  Andrew  Stevenson,  20  May  1684,  and  had  in  Camb.,  Wil- 
liam, b.  2  Mar.  1685-6;  John,  b.  14  Aug.  1687;  Elizabeth,  b.  1690,  d.  13  Dec. 


BURGESS—  BUTTERFIELD.  505 

1713,  a.  23,  and  was  buried  in  Cambridge.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  husband- 
man, and  was  living  in  Ipswich  25  Mar.  1695,  when  he  and  his  w.  Hannah 
conveyed  to  Jonathan  Nutting  their  share  of  her  father's  estate  in  Camb. 

BURR,  SAMUEL,  son  of  John,  and  grandson  of  Jehu,  b.  at  Fairfield,  Conn., 
2  Ap.  1679,  grad.  H.  C.  1697,  and  m.  Dorothy,  wid.  of  Samuel  Shove,  and 
great-granddaughter  of  John  Stedman,  16  Dec.  1700.  Their  dau.  Sarah 
was  b.  17  Oct.  1701.  Dorothy  the  m.  d.  20  Feb.  1701-2,  a.  30.  After  her 
death,  Mr.  Burr  was  unsettled  for  a  time,  residing  in  Woburn,  1704,  and  in 
Concord,  1705.  He  subsequently  settled  in  Chs.,  where  he  m.  Elizabeth  Jen- 
ner  19  June  1707,  and  had  John,  b.  14  Ap.  1708;  Samuel,  b.  28  May  1709; 
Rebecca,  b.  14  Mar.  1710-11.  His  four  children  are  named  in  his  will,  dated 

2  May  1717.  He  d.  7  Aug.  1719;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m. Wyer,  and  was 

living  22  Mar.  1741-2,  when  she  was  appointed  administratrix  on  the  estate 
of  her  son  Samuel  Burr. 

BUSH,  RANDOLPH  (otherwise  written  Randall,  Renold,  Renould,  Rey- 
nold, and  Reighnold),  owned  a  house  and  18  acres,  in  1642,  near  Newton 
Corner.  No  record  of  children.  One  of  the  same  name,  perhaps  the  same 
person  or  his  son,  contracted  2  Sept.  1678  to  marry  Susanna  Lovell,  late  of 
Beverley,  Wilts  Co.,  England.  On  the  Town  Records  her  name  appears  as 
Susanna  Lovett. 

2.  JOHN,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Joseph,  b.  16  Aug.  1654;  Elizabeth,  b.  14 
Aug.  1657;  Daniel,  b.  4  Ap.  1659;  Abiah,  b.  2  Mar.  1660-61;  Mary,  b.  17 
Nov.  1662.  JOHN  the  f.  d.  1  Jan.  1662-3. 

DEBORAH,  m.  John  Maccoone,  8  Nov.  1656. 

BUTLKR,  RICHARD,  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants  here.  In  1635,  he 
owned  2  acres  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Main  and  Dana  Streets.  His  brother  Wil- 
liam owned  2  acres  adjoining,  extending  eastward  of  Hancock  Street.  Mr. 
Butler  removed  to  Hartford,  with  Hooker,  was  a  Deacon,  and  d.  in  1684, 
leaving  wife  Elizabeth,  and  children,  Thomas,  Samuel,  Nathaniel,  Joseph, 
Daniel,  Mary  Wright,  Elizabeth  Olmstead,  and  Hannah  Green.  (Binman.) 

2.  WILLIAM,  brother  to  Richard  (1),  owned  house  and  one  acre,  in  1635, 
on  the  north  side  of  Brattle  Street  near  Brattle  Square.  He  removed  to 
Hartford,  with  Hooker,  and  d.  in  1648  or  1649;  had  sister-!,  West  and  Winter. 
"  He  appears  to  have  left  neither  wife  nor  children."  (Hinmttn.) 

BUTTERFIELD,  JONATHAN,  by  w.  Ruth,  had  Jonathan;  John,  m.  Mary 
Hill  1  Mar.  1725-6;  Mary ;  all  baptized  2  July  1699;  Abigail,  b.  11  May 
1702,  m.  Joseph  Wheeler  2  Mar.  1726-7;  Ruth,  b.  7  Sept.  1704,  m.  William 
Robbins  13  July  1733;  Jane,  b.  7  Aug.  1706,  m.  George  Cutter  10  July 
1729:  Lydia,  bap.  3  Oct.  1708;  William,  bap.  24  Sept.  1710;  Phebe,  bap.  30 
Aug.  1713;  Deborah,  bap.  3  June  1716.  JONATHAN  the  f.  was  Field-driver 
for  Menotomy  fields,  1693. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Jonathan  (1),  m.  Sarah  Robbins  12  Dec.  1733,  and  had 
Mary,  bap.  15  Sept.  1734;  Jonathan,  bap.  21  Mar.  1735-6;  Mary,  bap.  5  Feb. 
1737-8.      WILLIAM,   probably  the  same,    m.    Mehitabel  Chamberlin   1   May 
1740,  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  31   May  1741,  d.   24  June  1741;    William,  bap.  6 
Mar.  1743;  Jonathan,  bap.  27  Jan.  1745;  John,  bap.   11  Jan.   1747;  Samuel, 
bap.  15  April  1750;  Sarah,  bap.  16  Feb.  1752;  Mary,  bap.  25  Aug.   1754; 
Abel,  bap.  13  Feb.  1757;  Stephen,  hap.  30  Dec.  1759. 

3.  JOHN,  had  Abigail,  bap.  22  Nov.  1772;  John,  bap.  26  Nov.  1775;  Jame*, 
bap.  20  July  1777. 

4.  JONATHAN,  m.  Mary  Dickson  4  Aug.  1772,  and  had  Jonathan,  bap.  1 
Aug.  1773;  Mary,  bap.  18  Dec.  1774. 

5.  SAMUEL,  m.  Elizabeth  Bemis  of  Watertown   14  July  1774,    and   had 
Samuel,  b.  8  Ap.  1776;  Samuel,  bap.  5  Ap.  1778;  Abel,  b.  28  Feb.  1797;  and 
probably  others. 

6.  BENJAMIN,  m.  Mary  Hackleton  4  Ap.  1776,  and  had  Mary,  bap.  5  Jan. 
1777. 

MARY,  m.  Abraham  Watson  4  Jan.  1750.  WILLIAM,  m.  Deborah  Lock 
12  Jan.  1768.  MEHETABKL,  m.  Samuel  Lock  6  June  1770.  SARAH,  in.  John 
Dickson,  Jr.,  6  Oct.  1771.  MARY,  m.  Joseph  Lock  19  Nov.  1772.  JOSEPH, 
m.  Polly  Hastings  of  Weston  12  Mar.  1792. 


506  C  ANE  —  CH  AMPNE  Y. 

CANE,  CHRISTOPHER  (elsewhere  written  Caine,  Cayne,  Kane,  Ken,  and 
Kene),  by  w.  Margaret,  had  Jonathan,  b.  27  Mar.  1640;  Nathaniel,  b.  5  Aug. 
1642;  Deborah,  b.  17  Jan.  1644-5,  was  living  unm.  1695,  and  prob.  d.  about 
1723;  Ruth,  b.  6  Dec.  1647,  m.  Marmaduke  Johnson  28  Ap.  1670,  and  d.  1676. 
CHRISTOPHER  the  f.  was  here  in  1634;  owned  a  house  on  the  east  side  of 
Dunster  Street,  about  100  ft.  N.  of  Mt.  Auburn  St.,  in  1635,  which  he  sold 
about  1638,  and  afterwards  owned  and  occupied  the  estate  at  the  S.  E.  corner 
of  Brighton  and  Winthrop  streets.  He  d.  9  Dec.  1653;  his  w.  Margaret  d. 
3  Ap.  1687. 

2.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Christopher  (1),  m.  Deborah  Welch,  14  May  1674, 
who  d.   18   Oct.  1689,  a.    36.     He  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d.  without 
issue  March  1694-5,  devising  the  use  of  his  estate  to  his  sister  Deborah,  dur- 
ing life,  and  then  the  fee  to  his  brother  Nathaniel. 

3.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Christopher  (1),  prob.  settled  in  Kittery,  Me.     In 
Sept.  1 723,  Nathaniel  (prob.  the  same  or  his  son)  sold  the  homestead  in  Cam- 
bridge to  John  Hill,  who  conveyed  it,  four  days  afterwards,  to  Judah  Monis, 
who  long  resided  there. 

4.  SAMUEL,  prob.  s.  of  Nathaniel  (3),  was  Representative  of  York,  Me., 
for  many  years   Justice  of  the  Peace,  Judge  of  Inferior  Court,  Member  of 
the  Council,  and  d.  at  Wells  26  Dec.  1768,  a.  nearly  95  years,  leaving  167  de- 
scendants.    {Boston  Post  Boy,  Jan.  16,  1769.) 

CARLEY,  WILLIAM  (prob.  Kerley),  had  a  grant  of  land  in  Camb.,  "  near 
his  house,"  in  1683. 

CARTER,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Jane,  had  Rachel,  b.  7  Mar.  1675;  Ruth,  b.  25 
Feb.  1677;  Hester,  b.  8  Mar.  1678,  d.  25  June  1678;  Elizabeth,}).  15  May 
1680. 

SUSANNA,  m.  Richard  Eccles  4  June  1677.  JABEZ,  m.  Abigail  Manning  27 
June  1723.  Mrs.  ELIZABETH,  d.  3  Feb.  1797,  a.  84. 

CHADWICK,  JOHN,  m.  Mary  Barlow  30  Oct.  1674.  BENJAMIN,  of  Water- 
town,  in.  Hannah  Welch  10  May  1711.  NATHANIEL,  m.  Mary  Burgess  24 
Oct.  1738.  MARY,  m.  John  Oldham  2  June  1743.  MARTHA,  m.  Israel  Por- 
ter 29  Jan.  1772. 

CHAMBERLIX,  THOMAS,  m.  Elizabeth  Hammond  18  Ap.  1681,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  10  Sept.  1683;  Elizabeth,  b.  1  Aug.  1686,  perhaps  the  same  who 
m.  Benjamin  Winchester  of  Brookline,  22  June  1726. 

2.  JACOB,  chosen  Hog-reeve  for  Menotomy,  in  1695. 

3.  WILLIAM;  his  house  had  been  destroyed  by  fire,  and  a  contribution  was 
made  for  his  relief,  in  1700. 

4.  JOSHUA,  by  w.  Anna,  had  Amelia,  b.  18   Dec.   1793;  Anna  Perkins,  b. 
19  July  1795,  d.  14  Sept.  1796;   Thomas  Gould,  b.  26  Sept.  1796. 

MEHETABEL,  m.  William  Butterfield  1  May  1740. 

CH  AMPNE  Y,  JOHN,  was  here  as  early  as  1638,  and  resided  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets.  By  his  w.  Joanna,  he  had  three  chil- 
dren, all  baptized  here,  but  without  dates;  Mary,  m.  Theophilus  Richardson 
of  Woburn  2  May  1664;  Sarah,  m.  John  Russell,  Jr.,  of  Woburn  31  Oct. 
1661;  John,  d.  unm.  20  Feb.  1664-5,  and  his  estate  was  distributed  to  his 
mother  and  sisters.  JOHN  the  f.  d.  and  his  w.  Joanna  m.  Golden  Moore, 
before  1642,  and  d.  at  Billerica  18  Feb.  1675-6.  The  General  Court,  15 
Oct.  1650,  authorized  Richard  Champney  and  John  Bridge  to  sell  the  estate  in 
Camb.  for  the  benefit  of  the  children,  who  soon  afterwards  went  to  Billerica 
with  their  mother  and  her  husband. 

2.  RICHARD,  Ruling  Elder  of  the  Cambridge  Church,  came  to  N.  Eng.  in 
1635.  By  his  wife  Jane,  he  had  Esther,  b.  in  England  abt.  1633,  m.  Josiah 
Convers  of  Woburn  26  Mar.  1651,  who  d.  30  Dec.  1689,  and  she  m.  Jonathan 
Danforth  of  Billerica  17  Nov.  1690,  and  d.  5  Ap.  1713,  a.  80  ;  Mary,  b.  Oct. 
1635,  d.  young;  Sam,uel,  b.  Sept.  1636;  Sarah,  b.  May  1638;  Mary,  b.  Nov. 
1639,  m.  Jacob  French  of  Billerica  20  Sept.  1665,  and  d.  1  Ap.  1681;  John, 
b.  23  May  1641;  Lydia,  b.  abt.  1643,  m.  John  Hastings  20  May  1668.  and  d. 
23  Jan.  1690-91;  Daniel,  b.  9  Mar.  1644-5.  RICHARD  the  f.  resided  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  on  the  second  lot  southerly  from  Harvard 


CHAMPNEY.  507 

Street.     He  d.  26  Nov.  1669;  his  w.  Jane  survived.    His  estate  was  appraised 
at  £1,449,  16s. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard   (2),  m.  in  Billerica  Sarah  Hubbard  13  Oct. 
1657,  where  the  five  children  first  named  were  born.     Samuel,  b.  8  Dec.  1658, 
d.  young;  Sarah,  b.  17  Feb.  1659-60,  m.  James  Clark  24  Sept.  1685;  Afari/. 

b.  12   May  1662,  m. Stowell;  Hester,  b.  14  May  1664,  d.  31    Mar.  1667; 

Samuel,  b.  9  Mar.  1666-7;  Joseph,^.  1  Sept.  1669;  Richard,  b.  20  Aug.  1674. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  returned  to  Cambridge  about  1667,  and  resided  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river.     He  was  Selectman  eleven  years  between  1681  and  1694, 
Muster-master    1690;   Deputy  or  Representative   during   the   stormy  period 
from  1686  to  1695,  and  d.  in  1695,  leaving  w.  Ruth,  who  was  his  second  w. 
and  had  formerly  been  w.  of  Marshal-general  John  Green. 

4.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Richard  (2),  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  m. 
Dorcas,  dau.  of  Thomas  Bridge,  3  Jan.  1665-6,  who  d.  7  Feb.  1683-4,  and  he  m. 
Hepzibah  Minot,  wid.  of  James  Minot  and  dau.  of  Elijah  Corlett,  9  June  1684. 
His  children  were  Dorcas,  b.  22  Aug.  1667,  m.  Nicholas  Bowes  6  May  1690  ; 
Daniel,  b.  14  Dec.  1669;  Thomas,  b.  12  Sept.  1673;  Noah,  b.  27  Sept.  1677,  prob. 
the  same  who  was  of  Boston,  and  appointed  guardian  to  his  daughter  Sarah 
in  1705;  Downing,  b.  1  June   1680,  and  d.  27  June  1705;  Abigail  b.  26  Ap. 
1683  ;  Hepzibah,  b.  23  June  1687,  m.  Jonathan  Wyeth  and  was  living  in  1743. 
DANIKL  the  f.  was  appointed  by  the  General  Court,  1677,  to  redeem  Indian 
captives  near  Wachusett;  Selectman,  1684-1687,  and  d.  19  Nov.  1691 ;  his  w. 
Hepzibah  and  his  seven  children  survived. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Hannah,  bap.  27  June 
1697;  Man/,  bap.  21  May  1699,  m.  Rev.  Ebenezer  Parkman  of  Westborough 

7  July  1724,  and  d.  29  Jan.  1735-6;  Samuel,  b.  12  Nov.  1701;  Rebecca,  b. 

8  Oct.  1703,  m.  John  Hicks  8  May   1721  ;  Lydia,  b.  4  Jan.   1705-6;  Ruth, 
b.  16  Jan.  1707-8,  m.  John  Barrett  5  May  1737,  and  d.  25  Nov.  1761;  John, 
b.  6  Feb.  1709-10,  and  d.  12  June  1710.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  8  Mar.  1745-6; 
his  w.  Hannah  d.  1  Sept.  1748,  a.  78. 

6.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Sarah,  bap.  21  Feb.  1696-7; 
Esther,  bap.  9  Oct.  1698  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  23  Mar.  1701-2 ;  Joseph,  b.  19  Sept. 
1704;  Abigail,  b.   24  June  1706;  Susanna,  b.  8  Sept.  1709;  John,  b.  7  June 
1713.     JOSEPH    the  f.   d.    19   Jan.   1729-30;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  1  July  1730, 
a.  58. 

7.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (4),  m.  Bethia,  dau.  of  Solomon  Phipps  and  gr. 
dau.  of  Thomas  Danforth,  and   had  Thomas,  bap.  7  Mar.  1696-7  ;  Dorcas, 
bap.  18  Ap.  1697,  d.  26  Mar.  1705;   Daniel,  b.  21  July  1700;  Solomon,  b.  17 
Mar.  1701-2  ;  Noah,  b.  14  Sept.  1704;  Downing,  bap.  10  Mar.  1705-6;  Rich- 
ard, bap.   23    Nov.  1707;   Thomas,  b.   14   Oct.   1709.     The   parents   prob.  d. 
1754,  in  which  year  their  son  Richard  was  appointed   administrator  of  their 
joint  estates. 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (5),  m.   Abigail  Stearns  of  Concord  1739,  had 
Mary,  bap.  19  Ap.  1741,  d.  22  Sept.  1743;  Mary,  bap.  26  Aug.  1744  ;  Abigail, 
bap.  19  July  1747.     SAMUEL  the  f.  owned  the  Holyoke  Place  several  years. 
He  may  have  been  the  same  who  was  pub.  to  Hannah  Corey  17  Dec.  1772. 

9.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (6),  grad.    H.  C.  1721,   ordained  at  Beverly  10 
Dec.  1729,  where  he  d.  23  Feb.  1773.     His  first  wife  was  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
his  predecessor,  Rev.  Thomas  Blowers,  whom  he  m.  1  Oct.  1730;  she  had  one 
son  Thomas,  and  d.  13  Jan.  1731-2,  a.  19.     He  then  m.  Thankful  Pickens  of 
Lynn    1733,  and  had  Richard,  a  second  Richard,   Israel,    Sarah,   Elizabeth, 
and  Thomas.     His  wid.  Thankful  d.  31  July  1777.  a.  71.     (Stone's  Beverly.) 

10.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (7),  m.  Tabitha  Hancock  4  Sept.  1723,  and  had 
Daniel,  bap.  19  Ap.  1724;  Dorcas,  bap.  22  Aug.  1725,  d.  young;  Mary,  bap. 
21    Ap.    1728;    Dorcas,  bap.   20  Aug.   1732;  Nathaniel,   bap.    1    Dec.   1734; 
Tabi/ha,  bap.  5  June   1737,  d.  young;  Ebenezer,  bap.  29  Ap.  1739;   Tabitha, 
bap.  19  July  1741,  perh.  m.  Samuel  Hancock  of  Wells,  12  Sept.  1774;   Thomas, 
bap.  24  May  1747.     DANIEL  the  f.  d.,  and  his  wife  Tabitha  was  appointed  ad- 
ministratrix 20  Ap.  1747. 

11.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Daniel  (7),  m.  Elizabeth  Chamberlin  8  May  1723,  who 


508  CHAMPNEY  —  CHAPLIN  —  CHAUNCY. 

d.  suddenly  21  Feb.  1736-7,  and  he  m.  Abigail,  wid.  of  Geo.  Macsparran, 
1738;  his  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  4  Nov.  1723;  Solomon,  b.  7  Jan.  1724-5  ; 
Ebenezer,  b.  27  Ap.  1729  (Town  Rec.  1730,  but  bap.  4  May  1729)  ;  Nathan, 
b.  27  Sept.  1733;  John,  b.  25  Sept.  1735;  Silence,  b.  22  Mar.  1739-40,  d.  29 
Nov.  1747;  Ebenezer,  bap.  29  Ap.  1744;  grad.  H.  C.  1762,  was  the  first  law- 
yer in  New  Ipswich,  N.  H.,  Judge  of  Probate  sixteen  years,  and  d.  10  Sept. 
1810.  SOLOMON  the  f.  was  living  in  1764;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  18  Jan.  1785. 

12.  NOAH,  s.  of  Daniel  (7),  m.  Martha  Hubbard   26   Oct.  1725,  and  had 
John,  b.  12  Oct.  1729  ;  Noah,  14  Jan.  1731-2;  Noah,  bap.  23  Dec.  1733.     All 
these  appear  to  have  d.  young.     NOAH  the  f.  died  1749.     His  w.  Martha 
long  survived  him,  and  was  a  distinguished  school-dame.     In  1758  she  pur- 
chased the  homestead  of  Dr.  Coolidge,  at  the  E.  corner  of  Harvard  and  Hoi- 
yoke  Streets,  where  she  resided,  in  the  old  red  house,  until  her  death.     Her 
will  was  proved  11  Jan.  1776. 

13.  DOWNING,  s.  of  Daniel  (7),  had  Downing,}),  abt.  1734,  bap.  3  Ap.  1737; 
Bethia,  bap.  1  Jan.  1737-8,  perh.  in.  John  Colston  9  Dec.   1779  ;  Joseph,  bap. 
17  July  1748.     DOWNING  the  f.  was  a  carpenter;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  24  Sept. 
1775,  a.  68. 

14.  RICHARD,  s.   of  Daniel  (7),  by  w.  Catherine,  had  nine  chil.  bap.  in 
Camb.:    William,  8  Ap.   1739;   William,  2  Nov.  1740;  Richard,  5  Dec.   1742; 
Jonathan,  2  Dec.   1744;  Noah,  21  Dec.  1746;  Samuel,  2  Oct.  1748;  Sarah, 
21  July  1751:  Nathan,  26  Mar.  1753;  Daniel,  26  Sept.  1756.     RICHARD  the 
f.  died  in  Framingham,  1769,  and  his  son  Jonathan,  of  Southborough,  admin- 
istered on  his  estate. 

15.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Daniel  (7)  by  w.  Jane,  had  Danforth,  b.  27  Oct.  1730; 
Thomas,  b.  7  Nov.  1735. 

16.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (10),  m.  Hannah  Emmons  22  Sept.  1746,  and  d. 
before  1  Dec.  1773,  when  his  "only  son  and  heir,"  Benjamin  Champney  of 
Providence,  R.  I.,  released  all  interest  in  the  estate  in  Framingham,  formerly 
belonging  to  his  ancestor  Thomas  Danforth,  Esq. 

17.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Solomon  (11),  m.  Rebecca  Brown,  1756,  and  had  .ZVa- 
thaniel,  bap.  17  Ap.  1757.     He  was  suddenly  killed  by  the  wheel  of  a  loaded 
cart  passing  over  his  head  5  or  7  Ap.  1763. 

18.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Solomon  (12),  m.  Elizabeth  Osborn  of  Charlestown  24 
June  1760. 

19.  DOWNING,  s.  of  Downing   (13),  in.  Hannah  Reed  4  July  1765,  and 
had  Mary,  bap.  15  June  1766;  Mary,  b.  10  Dec.  1767. 

20.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Solomon  (17),  by  w.   Susanna,  had  Lucy  Stratton, 
b.  20  Jan.  1796  ;   William  Richard*,  b.   18  Mar.  1798.     NATHANIEL  the  f. 
was  Selectman  of  Camb.  eight  years,   1795-1806,  and  d.  in  Brighton  12  Nov. 
1826,  a.  70. 

CHAPLIN,  CLEMENT,  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  the  Elizabeth  and  Ann,  1635,  then 
a.  48,  and  was  elected  the  same  year  a  Selectman  of  Cambridge.  He  pur- 
chased the  estate  of  William  Goodwin  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Harvard  and 
Holyoke  streets,  which  was  afterwards  sold  to  Samuel  Shepard.  He  removed, 
probably  in  1636,  to  Connecticut,  of  which  colony  he  was  Treasurer  in  1637, 
and  was  an  Elder  of  the  church  in  Weathersfield. 

CHAUNCY,  REV.  CHARLES,  s.  of  George  Chauncy  of  Hertfordshire,  Eng., 
bap.  at  Yardley  5  Nov.  1592,  came  to  N.  Eng.  163«,  and  after  preaching  at 
Plymouth  and  Scituate,  became  President  of  Harvard  College  27  Nov.  1654, 
in  which  office  he  d.  19  Feb.  1671-2.  His  w.  was  Catherine,  dau.  of  Robert 
Eyre,  Esq.,  of  Wiltshire,  Eng.,  and  d.  in  Camb.  24  Jan.  1667-8.  Their  children 
(all  born  before  the  parents  removed  to  Camb.),  were  Isaac,  b.  23  Aug.  1632, 
grad.  H.  C.  1651,  went  to  England,  preached  until  the  reign  of  Charles  II., 
when  he  was  ejected,  and  afterwards  resided  in  London,  until  his  death,  28 
Feb.  1711-12;  Ichabod,  b.  1635,  grad.  H.  C.  1651,  went  to  England,  preached, 
and  afterwards  practised  medicine,  and  d.  at  Bristol  25  July  1691;  Barnabas, 
grad.  H.  C.  1657  ;  Nathaniel,  grad.  H.  C.  1661,  minister  of  Hatfield,  d.  4 
Nov.  1685  ;  Elnathan,  grad.  H.  C.  1661,  physician  in  Boston,  d.  1684  ;  Israel, 
grad.  H.  C.  1661,  minister  of  Stamford,  Conn.,  d.  14  Mar.  1702-3.  Besides 
these,  were  two  daughters  ;  Sarah,  m.  Rev.  Gershom  Bulkeley,  and  Hannah. 


CHEEVER  —  CHENEY  —  CHES  HOLME.       509 

CHEEVER,  DANIEL  (otherwise  written  Cheevers,  and  Cheavers),  by  w. 
Esther,  had  Mary,  b.  14  Feb.  1645-6,  d.  young;  Lydia,  b.  26  Nov.  1647  ; 
James,  b.  abt.  1649;  Esther,  b.  abt.  1651,  d.  21  Mar.  1654-5;  Daniel,  b.  1 
Jan.  1652-3,  d.  1654  ;  Daniel,  b.  12  Dec.  1654,  d.  4  Jan.  1659-60;  Mary,  b. 
6  Oct.  1656,  m.  William  Taylor  28  Nov.  1683;  John,  b.  24  July  1659;  Esther, 
b.  26  Dec.  1660,  d.  Feb.  1660-61;  Israel,  bap.  26  Jan.  1661-2;  Anna  and 
Elizabeth,  twins,  b.  28  May  1664,  and  d.  14  and  16  June  1664  ;  Elizabeth, 
bap.  6  Aug.  1665,  d.  young  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  9  May  1672.  DANIEL  the  f.  suc- 
ceeded William  Healy  as  prison  keeper,  1683,  and  held  the  office  about  ten 
years,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  his  son.  He  resided  on  an  estate  adjoining 
the  prison,  west  of  Winthrop  Square.  He  d.  Mar.  1703-4. 

2.  ISRAEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (1),  m.  Bridgett  Woodhead  10  June  1690,  and 
had  Daniel,  William,   Esther,  all  bap.  15  Aug.   1697  (Esther  m.   Rev.  Henry 
Messingerof  Wrentham  5  Jan.  1719-20)  ;  James,  bap.  19  Mar.  1698-9 ;John, 
b.  25  Aug.  1702.    ISRAEL  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead  of  his  father;  was 
appointed  Prison  Keeper,  1693,  and  Keeper  of  the  House  of  Correction,  1699. 
He  prob.  d.   before  1720,  in  which  year  Bridgett  Cheever,  prob.  his  wid.,  m. 
Daniel  Hawes  of  Wrentham,  and  soon  afterwards  the  homestead  was  sold  by 
his  sons  Daniel  of  Concord,  William  of  Cambridge,  James  of  Wrentham,  and 
John  of  Roxbury. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Israel  (2),  was  a  victualler,  and  by  w.  Miriam,  had 
William,  b.  27  Aug.  1718  ;  John,  b.  15  Aug.  1722  ;  Aaron,  b.  28  Nov.  1725. 

CHENEY,  THOMAS,  m.  Jane  Atkinson  11  Jan.  1655-6,  and  had  Margaret, 
b.  26  Nov.  1656;  Thomas,  b.  25  Dec.  1658;  Mehetabel,  b.  20  Feb.  1660-61; 
William,  b.  30  June  1663  ;  Mary,  b.  17  Ap.  1665;  Joseph;  Benjamin;  and 
perhaps  others.  THOMAS  the  f.  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  d. 
before  1698,  when  his  son  Joseph  mortgaged  certain  lands  to  his  mother  Jane, 
and  brother-in-law  Thomas  Belknap.  The  w.  Jane  was  living  in  1724. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Rebecca  Robbins,  and  had  Ebenezer,  b. 
1  Nov.  1694;  Mary,  b.  1  Dee.  1695,  m.  Thomas  Dill  11  May  1713  ;  Rebecca, 
b.  19  Nov.  1697  ;  Mehetabel,  b.  13  Jan.  1700-1  ;  Abigail,  b.  30  June  1703,  m. 
Thomas  Brown,  9  Oct.   1722;   Thankful,  b.  abt.  1708;  Sarah,  b.  abt.  1710, 
m.   Daniel   Burnap    14    Dec.    1731  ;    and   perhaps   others.      JOSEPH    the   f. 
resided  south  of  the  river,  and  d.  before  1725;  and  guardians  of  his  minor 
children  were  appointed. 

3.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Benjamin,  b.  7  Sept. 
1703  ;  Mary  and  Hannah,  twins,   b.  23  Oct.  1705  (Mary  m.   Henry  Cheney, 
and  Hannah  m.  Zaccheus  Goodale,  before  1726)  ;  Mary  the  m.  d.  31   Oct. 
1705  ;  and  BENJAMIN  m.  a  second  Mary,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  abt.   1709  ; 
Joseph;  Ebcnezer ;  Ruth,  b.  abt.   1714,  m.   Elias  Mason  7  Nov.  1740  ;  John; 
William.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  resided  south  of  the  river,  and  d.  13  July  1718. 
His  w.  Mary  m.  Michael  Falshaw  before  1720,  and  prob.  d.  about  1761,  when 
her  dower  in  Mr.  Cheney's  estate  was  distributed. 

4.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (3),  in.  Elizabeth  Parker  3  Jan.  1744-5,  and 
had  Benjamin,  b.  23  Nov.  1745;  Elizabeth,  b.  13  Feb.   1747-8.     Elizabeth  the 
m.  d.  25  Dec.  1748;  and  BENJAMIN  m.  Margaret  Stednian  9  Nov.  1752;  no 
children  are  recorded.     He  died  about  1762. 

JOHN,  d.  6  Aug.  1689,  a.  26.  "  Robin,  negro  servant  of  Andrew  Gardner 
of  Muddy  River,  indicted  for  that  on  the  2d  Aug.  1689,  he  wounded  John 
Cheney  of  Cambridge,  by  striking  him  on  the  head  with  a  stick,  whereof  he 
died  Aug.  6."  Verdict,  guilty  of  manslaughter;  sentence,  to  pay  costs, 
prison  fees,  etc.  Sup.  Court  Records.  EBENEZER,  d.  17  Nov.  1689,  a.  about 
11.  THOMAS,  m.  Sarah  Fessenden  30  July  1629.  RKBECCA,  m.  John  Mullis 
28  April  1748.  THOMAS,  m.  Hannah  Hill  22  Feb.  1787. 

CHESHOLME,  THOMAS  (sometimes  written  Chessham,  Chesseholme,  and 
Cheeseholme),  was  admitted  freeman  1636,  in  company  with  Shepard.  Soon 
afterwards  he  owned  and  occupied  the  estate  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Dunster 
and  Winthrop  streets,  wlu>re  he  resided  until  his  death  18  Aug.  1671.  Ho 
was  a  tailor,  and  for  several  years  a  Deacon  of  the  Church,  and  Steward  of 
Harvard  College.  In  1636  he  was  licensed  by  the  General  Court,  "  to  keep 


510         CHESHOLME  —  CHESTER  —  CLARK. 

a  house  of  entertainment,"  being  apparently  the  first  in  Camb.  who  received 
such  license.  His  wife  was  Isabel;  but  they  left  no  posterity. 

CHESTER,  MKS.,  owned  land  in  Camb.  1635.  She  was  sister  of  Rev.  Thomas 
Hooker,  and  was  probably  the  widow  Dorothy  Chester,  who  settled  at  Weath- 
ersfield,  Conn.,  and  whose  son,  Leonard  Chester,  is  said  by  Hinnian  to  have 
been  "the  father  and  ancestor  of  the  Chester  family;"  and  to  have  "died 
when  young,  under  forty  years  of  age,  in  1648."  His  children  at  Weathers- 
field  were  John,  b.  3  Aug.  1635;  Dorcas,  b.  Nov.  1637;  Stephen,  b.  Mar.  3 
1639;  Mary,  b.  Jan.  1641;  Prudence,  b.  Feb.  1643;  Eunice,  b.  Jan.  1645; 
Mercy,  b.  Feb.  1647.  Hinman.  Of  these  children,  Dorcas  m.  Rev.  Samuel 
Whiting  of  Billerica  12  Nov.  1656;  Prudence  m.  Mr.  Thomas  Russell  of 
Chs.  30  Dec.  1669;  Eunice  m.  Richard  Sprague  of  Chs.  25  Feb.  1672-3; 
Mercy  d.  in  Chs.  15  Sept.  1669.  Mary  the  mother,  widow  of  Leonard,  had 
become  the  wife  of  Richard  Russell,  Esq.,  of  Chs. 

CLARK,  JOHN  (or  Clarke),  owned  the  lot  on  the  easterly  corner  of  Brattle 
and  Mason  streets  in  1635,  which  he  sold  to  Edward  Winship,  and  removed 
to  Hartford,  where  he  was  a  juror  in  1642,  and  Deputy  to  the  General  Court 
in  1649. 

2.  NICHOLAS,  sold  a  lot  on  the  easterly  side  of  Mason  Street  to  Edward 
Winship,  and  removed  to  Hartford  before  1639. 

3.  JONAS,  the  "  famous  "  ruling  Elder  of  the  Cambridge  Church,  was  here 
in  1642,  and  Selectman  in  1679  and  1690.     He  seems  to  have  been  a  ship- 
master in  early  life.    The  General  Court  Records,  under  date  of  Oct.  18,  1654, 
contain  a  report  made  by  "  Mr.  Jonas  Clarke  and  Mr.  Samuel  Andrews,  both 
well  skilled  in  the  mathematics,  having  had  the  command  of  ships  upon  sev- 
eral voyages,  being  appointed  to  take  an  observation  at  the  northerly  bounds 
of  our  Patent  upon  the  sea-coast,"  etc.     This  report,  doubtless  made  by  two 
residents  of  Camb.,  is  dated  Oct.  29, 1653  ;  the  observation  was  taken  Oct.  13, 
1653.     The  residence  of  Elder  Clark  was  on  the  southerly  side  of  South  Street 
near  its  junction  with  Holyoke  Street.     He  was  three  times  married  ;  first,  to 
Sarah— — ,  who  died  20  Feb.  1649-50;  second,  to  Elizabeth  Clark,  30  July 
1650,  who  died  21  Mar.  1672-3;  third,  to  Elizabeth  Cook,  19  Aug.  1673;  this 
last  wife  survived  him,  and  became  the  third  wife  of  Deac.  Walter  Hastings, 
7  Jan.  1702-3,  whom  also  she  survived.     By  these  several  wives  he  had  seven- 
teen  children,  as  follows:   Thomas,  b.  2  Dec.  1642,  d.   20  May  1649;  Sarah, 
b.  15  Sept.  1644,  m.  Samuel  Green,  the  veteran  printer,  23  Feb.  1662-3,  and 
was  living  in  1705;  Jonas,  b.  4  Sept.  1646;  Mary,  b.  prob.  1648,  d.  15  Nov. 
1649;  Elizabeth,  b.  prob.   1651,  m.  (1)  Mr.  John  Woodmancy  23  July  1672, 

and  (2) Monk;   Thomas,  b.  2  Mar.  1652-3  ;  John,  b.  30  May  1655,  d. 

young;   Timothy,  b.  1657;  Samuel,  bap.  6  Nov.  1659;  Abigail,  b.  7  Ap.  1662; 
Mary,  b.  6  Mar.   1664-5,  m.  Capt  John  Bonner  before  1687,  and  d.   20  Ap. 
1697;  John,  b.  7  Aug.  1674,  d.  15  Oct.  1675;  John,  b.  3  Nov.  1675,  d.  7  Mar. 
1676;  Nathaniel,  b.  27  Oct.   1677,  d.   15  June  1686;  Joseph,  b.  5  May  1679, 
living  in  1705;  Hannah,  b.  and  d.  Dec.  1680;  Sumnna,  b.  20  Oct.  1682,  m. 
Ebenezer  Hancock  14  Jan.  1702.     JONAS  the  f.  was  ordained  Ruling  Elder 
of  the  Church  15  Nov.   1682.     His  associate,  Elder  John  Stone,  ordained  at 
the  same  time,  died  within  a  year  afterwards,  and  Elder  Clark  held  the  office 
alone  until  14  Jan.  1700,  when  he  died  a.  80  years  ;  and  the  office  was  never 
again  filled.     Judge  Sewall  notices  his  death  thus  :  "  Lord's-day,  January 
14  |f  £$•     Elder  Jonas  Clark  of  Cambridge  dies  ;  a  good  man  in  a  good  old 
age,  'and  one  of  my  first  and  best  Cambridge  friends.     He  quickly  follows  the 
great  patron  of  Ruling  Elders,  Tho.  Danforth,  Esq." 

4.  JONAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (3),  resided  in  Boston,  where  he  d.  14  Jan.  1737-8, 
a.  91  years,  4  months,  10  days. 

5.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (3),  grad.  H.  C.  1670,  was  settled  at  Chelmsford 
as  successor  to  Rev.  John  Fiske,  in  1677;   "died   7  Dec.  1704,  a.  52.     His 
children  were,  Jonas,  a  Colonel  and  Magistrate,  b.   20   Dec.  1684,  d.  8  Ap. 
1770;   Thomas,  b.   28  Sept.  1694;  Elizabeth,  who  m.   Rev.  John   Hancock  of 
Lexington;  Lucy,  who  m.  Major  William  Tyng  of  Dunstable;  and  several 
who  died  in  infancy."     Farmer. 


CLARK— COLLINS.  511 

6.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Jonas  (3),  resided  in  Boston,  where  he  d.  13  June  1737, 
a.  80  years.     An  obituary,   published  in  the    "  Weekly  Journal,"   21  June 
1737,  describes  him  as  a  "  son  of  the  exemplary,  pious  and  well-known  Mr. 
Jonas  Clarke,  Ruling  Elder  of  the  Church  at  Cambridge,  where  he  was  born  in 
1657.     He  followed  the  sea  till  he  was  near  forty  years  of  age;  when,  settling 
on  shore,  he  was  successively  employed  by  this  town  in  the  various  offices  of 
Assessor,  Selectman,  Overseer  of  the  Poor,  &c.,  and  by  the  Government  as 
Captain  of  our  south  and  north  batteries,  overseer  of  the  buildings  of  Castle 
William,  with  Col.  Romer,  director  and  overseer  of  the  fortifications  on  the 
Neck,  and  of  the  building  our  Light-house,  and   as  a  Justice  of  the  Peace. 
He  had  likewise  served  as  a  member  of  the  Hon.   House  of  Representatives, 
in  the  time  of  the  Non-resident  Act;  and  he  discharged  the  duty  of  every  em- 
ployment with  singular  wisdom,   diligence,  and  fidelity  ;  and  was  esteemed 
among  us  as  a  pattern  of  every  grace  and  virtue,  a  true  and  sincere  lover  of 
his  country,  and  who  took  a  singular  pleasure  in  being  useful  to  all  about  him. " 

7.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Jonas  (3),  was  a  goldsmith,  and  probably  resided  in  Bos- 
ton.    He  was  living  in   1705.     Under  date  of  Nov.   1,   1673,  John  Hull  of 
Boston  writes,  "  I  accepted  Samuel  Clark,  s.  of  Jonas  Clark,  as  an  apprentice 
for  eight  years." 

8.  JAMES,  a  housewright,  was  in  Camb.  as  early  as  1685.    He  was  probably 
the  same  who  in.  Hannah  Heath  27  April  1681,  in  Roxbury,  where  their  son 
James  was  b.  4  Feb.  1681-2,  and  where  also  the  w.  Hannah  d.  30  May  1683. 
He  m.  in  Camb.  24  Sept.  1685,   Sarah,  dau.  of  Samuel   Champney,  and  had 
Surah,  b.  20  Sept.  1686,  d.  13  Oct.  1707;  Ebenezer,  b.  31  July  1688,  d.  7  Nov. 
1688;  Mercy,  b.  18  Dec.  1690,  m.  Joseph  Gibbs  of  Framingham  1  July  1712; 
Abigail,  b.  3  May  1703;  and  perhaps  others.     JAMES  the  f.  d.  8  Ap.   1714, 
a.  62  ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  1716. 

9.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (8),  a  cordwainer,  purchased  in  1705  the  former 
homestead  of  Elder  Jonas  Clark.     He  m.  (1)   Mary  Lamson  4  Nov.   1703, 

who  d.  25  June  1711,  a.  32;  (2)  Elizabeth ,  who  d.  7  Feb.  1722-3,  a.  43; 

(3)  Elizabeth  Collis,  29  Oct.  1723.     His  children  were  Hannah,  b.   30  July 
1704;  Mary,  b.  3  Oct.  1705;  James,  b.   10  Jan.  1707-8;  Susanna,  b.  4  May 
1709  (bap.   2  July  1710)  ;    Samuel,  b.    28   Ap.  1711,  d.   young;    John  and 
Samuel,  twins,  b.   19  Ap.  1713  (Samuel  d.  young);   Elizabeth,   b.    10  Dec. 
1714.     JAMES  the  f.  d.  29  Oct.  1751,  a.  69. 

CLEMANCE  or  CLEMENT,  WILLIAM,  owned  a  house  and  land,  1642,  on  the 
south  side  of  the  river  (now  Newton).  No  record  of  children  ;  but  a  William 
Jr.  appears  on  record,  1866.  In  1672,  William  Clemance,  Sen.,  sold  all  his  real 
estate  in  Camb.  and  Billerica  to  Daniel  Hudson  of  Lancaster,  and  said  Hudson 
agreed  to  maintain  him  and  his  wife.  Martha,  probably  w.  of  WILLIAM, 
Sen.,  d.  4  Jan.  1659,  and  WILLIAM  m.  Ann  Taylor  3  Ap.  1660. 

COLBY,  ANTHONY  (otherwise  written  ColeLy,  Colebie,  Coldby,  Couldby, 
Couldbey),  in  1635,  owned  house  and  three  acres  near  the  southerly  side  of 
Brattle  Street;  and  another  house  with  three  acres,  extending  from  Garden 
Street  to  the  way  leading  from  Brattle  Street  to  Fresh  Pond.  These  and 
other  parcels  he  sold  in  1639  to  Simon  Crosby,  and  removed  to  Salisbury. 
He  "  died  1663,  leaving  8  children."  Farmer. 

COLE,  ARTHUR,  m.  Lydia  Barrett,  27  Nov.  1673,  and  had  Arthur,  b.  20 
Dec.  1674,  d.  30  Oct.  1702;  Daniel,  b.  7  Mar.  1675-6.  ARTHUR  the  f.  d. 
4  Sept.  1676. 

2.  JACOB  COLE  (or  Coale),  and  others,  "single  men  and  inmates  in  this 
town,"  were  required  by  the  Selectmen,  Feb.  12,  1665-6,  to  connect  them- 
selves with  some  family.  The  next  month,  "Jacob  Coale  submitted  himself 
to  the  family  government  of  Francis  Whitmore,  who  engaged  to  respond  his 
rates  and  orderly  carriage,  during  his  abode  there."  Town  Rec. 

MARY,  who  m.  Samuel  Frost  12  Oct.  1663,  may  have  been  sister  to  Arthur 
Cole,  Sen.  SARAH,  m.  Philemon  Hastings,  19  Mar.  1766. 

COLLINS,  EDWARD,  was  a  large  land-holder  in  Catnb.  as  early  as  1636, 
and  during  his  sojourn  here  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  citizens.  He 
was  appointed  "  Clerk  of  the  Writs,"  with  power  "to  grant  summons  and 


512  COLLINS  — COMEE. 

attachments  in  all  civil  actions,"  Oct.  7,  1641  ;  Representative  or  Deputy  to 
the  General  Court  from  1654  to  1670.  He  was  Deacon  of  the  church  before 
the  death  of  Rev.  Thos.  Shepard,  who  appointed  him  as  one  of  the  execu- 
tors of  his  will,  in  1649.  His  residence  was  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke 
Street,  nearly  opposite  to  where  the  Printing  Office  now  stands*.  This  estate 
he  sold  to  Gen.  Gookin,  in  whose  famiiy  it  remained  until  1760.  The  latter 
part  of  his  life  was  spent  in  Charlestown,  where  he  d.  9  Ap.  1689,  a.  "  about 
86."  His  widow  Martha  survived,  and  executed  a  deed  of  her  mansion  house, 
12  Feb.  1691-2,  to  William  Stoughton,  in  trust  for  the  family  of  her  "son 
John  Collins  in  England,  deceased  ; "  the  widow  Margaret  to  have  £10,  son 
Edward  to  have  a  double  portion,  and  the  remainder  to  be  divided  equally 
between  the  other  children.  I  find  no  record  of  her  death,  unless  (which  is 
probable),  she  is  the  person  named  in  the  following  memorandum  in  Rev. 
John  Pike's  manuscript  Journal:  "March  22,  1699-1700.  Grandmother 
Collins  departed  this  life,  being  very  aged,  and  many  years  shaken  with  the 
palsy,  yet  retained  her  understanding  wonderful  well."  The  chil.  of  Deacon 
Collins  were  Daniel;  John;  Samuel ;  Sybil;  all  born  in  England  ;  Martha,  b. 
Sept.  1639  ;  Nathaniel,  b.  7  Mar.  1641-2  ;  Abigail,  b.  20  Sept.  1644,  m.  John 
Willett,  who  d.  2  Feb.  1663  ;  Edward,  bap.  here,  was  living  in  1663.  Sybil 
m.  Rev.  John  Whiting,  and  had  in  Camb.  Sybil,  John,  and  William,  bap. 
19  Feb.  1659-60.  Phebe  Collins,  who  d.  5  Jan.  1653-4,  may  have  been  dau. 
of  Deacon  Collins. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  was  in  Koningsberg,  Prussia,  in  1658.     It 
is  not  known  whether  he  returned. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1649,  went  to  Europe,  preached  in 
Edinburgh  1658,  went  as  chaplain  with  Gen.  Monk  from  Scotland  to  Eng- 
land, settled  in  London,  where  he  was  pastor  of  an  Independent  church,  and  a 
popular  preacher  at  Pinnar's  Hall.     He  was  also  the  political  agent  of  Massa- 
chusetts several  years.     He  d.  in  London  3  Dec.  1687.     His  s.  John  was  after- 
wards pastor  of  the  same  church. 

[A  Rev.  John  Collinges,  son  of  "Edward  Collinges,  M.  A."  which  Edward 
was  "  one  whose  faithfulness  in  the  ministry  many,  both  in  New  England  and 
Old,  could  bear  witness  to."  But  this  John  is  said  to  have  been  "educated  at 
Cambridge,  where  he  was  of  Emmanuel  College."  Oct.  18,  1645,  being  then 
B.  A.,  he  was  recommended  for  ordination  and  afterwards  preached  at  Norwich 
44  years.  He  died  Jan.  1690.  He  was  a  voluminous  writer.  "In  Poole's  An- 
notations, he  was  the  author  of  Notes  on  the  six  last  chapters  of  Isaiah,  the 
whole  of  Jeremiah  and  Lamentations,  the  Four  Evangelists,  both  the  Epistles 
to  the  Corinthians,  the  Epistle  to  the  Galatians,  both  the  Epistles  to  Timothy, 
the  Epistle  to  Philemon,  and  the  Book  of  Revelations." — David's  Annals  of 
Evang.  Nonconformity  in  Essex  Co.,  England,  fol.  589-591.] 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  resided  in  Scotland  a  few  years,  but  re- 
turned to  New  England.     His  s.  Edward  was  bap.  in  Camb.  June  1664.     He 
is  said  to  have  resided  in  Middletown,  Conn.,  in  1670.  {Field's  Hist.  Mid.  Co.) 
The   following   document  is   recorded   with   the   Middlesex  Deeds,  xi.   172: 
"Charlestown,  Nov.  4.  1691,  I  whose  name  is  underwritten,  do  oblige  myself, 
my  heirs,  executors,  and  assigns,  to  set  free  for  himself  a  Mulatto  Boy,  which 
was  given  me  by  my  mother,  Mrs.  Martha  Collins,  at  the  age  of  thirty-one 
years,  which  Boy  was  born  in  the  year  1686,  on  the  30th  of  March.     In  wit- 
ness whereof  I  set  my  hand  and  seal.     Samuel  Collins." 

5.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1660,  ordained  at  Middle- 
town,  Conn.,  4  Nov.  1668,  where  he  d.  Dec.  1684. 

COLLIS,  JOHN  (or  CoLLiCE),had  a  grant  of  land  in  Camb.  1683;  was  Hog- 
reeve  in  1700;  his  w.  Mary  d.  19  June  1711 ;  and  he  received  assistance  from 
the  church  several  years,  to  1716.  No  record  of  children. 

ELIZABETH,  m.  James  Clark,  29  Oct.  1723.  Mrs.  ANNA,  d.  26  Oct.  1730,  a.  51. 

COLLOR,  JOHN,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  John,  b.  6  March  1661  ;  Thomas,  b.  14 
Dec.  1663.  Probably  removed  to  Sudbury.  See  Barry's  Framwoham. 

COMEE  (CooMEY,  or  COMY),  JOHN,  was  at  Camb.  Farms  (Lexington), 
1690.  He  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  William  Munroe,  21  June  1688,  and  had  David, 


COMEE.  — COOK.  513 

b.  11  Jan.  1695-6;  klizibeth,  b.  29  Jan.  1700-1,  and  probably  others.     RUHA- 
MAH  Comee  in.  Isaac  Corey  9  Dec.  1762.    MARY,  ra.  James  Leah  21  July  1768. 

COOK  (or  COOKE),  GEORGE,  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  1635  in  the  same  vessel 
with  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard.  He  was  then  twenty-five  years  of  age.  He  and 
his  brother,  Joseph  Cook,  were  registered  as  servants  to  Roger  Harlakenden. 
The  position,  however,  which  they  at  once  assumed  in  the  community,  shows 
that  this  was  only  a  disguise,  which  enabled  them  the  more  easily  to  leave  Eng- 
land. Such  a  disguise,  at  that  period,  was  frequently  adopted  by  prominent 
men;  even  Shepard  embarked  under  a  fictitious  name  and  character,  being 
styled  "  John  Shepperd,  husbandman."  Coil.  Mass,  ll'ist.  Soc.,  xxviii.,  268. 
Immediately  on  his  arrival,  in  connection  with  his  brother,  he  purchased  a 
large  number  of  houses  and  lots,  of  those  who  were  about  removing  to  Con- 
necticut. While  he  remained  here,  he  was  among  the  most  active  and  ener- 
getic citizens,  both  in  civil  and  military  affairs.  He  was  Selectman  1638,  1642, 
1643;  Deputy  or  Representative,  1636,  1642-1645,  five  years,  and  Speaker  of 
the  House  in  1645.  While  a  member  of  the  House  he  was  frequently  placed  on 
important  committees,  especially  in  relation  to  military  affairs.  In  1645  he 
was  elected  one  of  the  Reserve  Commissioners  of  the  United  Colonies.  He 
was  appointed  in  1637  Captain  of  the  first  train-band  in  Camb. ;  became  a 
member  of  the  Artillery  Co.  in  1638,  and  its  Captain  in  1643  ;  and  when  a 
similar  company  was  incorporated  in  Middlesex,  14  May  1645,  he  was  placed 
at  the  head  of  it.  He  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  and  Commander-in-chief 
of  the  expedition  sent  to  Rhode  Island,  in  1643,  to  apprehend  "  Samuel  Gor- 
ton and  his  company."  He  returned  to  England  about  the  end  of  1645,  be- 
came a  Colonel  in  Cromwell's  army,  and  was  "reported  to  be  slain  in  the  wars 
in  Ireland,  in  the  year  1652."  (Mid.  Court  Files.)  By  his  w.  Alice  he  had,  in 
Camb.,  Elizabeth,  b.  27  Mar.  1640,  d.  July  1640;  Thomas,  b.  19  June  1642,  d.  16 
July  1642;  Elizabeth,  b.  21  Aug.  1644,  m.,  in  England,  Rev.  John  Quick  of 
London;  Mary,  b.  15  Aug.  1646,  m.,  in  England,  Samuel  Annesley,  Esq.,  of 
Westminster;  both  the  last  named  daughters  were  living  in  1697,  when  they 
were  prosecuting  a  suit  for  the  possession  of  property  formerly  belonging  to 
their  father.  The  dau.  Mary  was  not  born  until  after  her  father  returned 
to  England;  and  the  County  Court,  5  Oct.  1652,  empowered  "Mr.  Henry 
Dunster  and  Mr.  Joseph  Cooke  to  improve  the  estate  of  Col.  George  Cooke, 
deceased,  for  the  good  of  Mary  Cooke,  the  daughter  of  the  said  Col.  George 
Cooke,  deceased,  as  also  to  dispose  of  the  said  Mary  Cooke  for  her  education 
as  they  shall  apprehend  maybe  for  her  best  good."  Perhaps  she  was  placed  in 
the  custody  of  John  Fownell  of  Charlestown,  millwright,  as  guardian  or  agent, 
who  sold  thirteen  acres  of  land  in  1655,  describing  it  as  the  same  "  which  I 
recovered  by  law  from  the  estate  of  George  Cooke,  Coronell,  for  the  education 
of  his  daughter."  (Mid.  Deeds,  i.,  109).  Col.  Cooke  probably  resided  on  the 
northerly  corner  of  Brighton  and  Eliot  streets. 

2.  JOSEPH,  elder  brother  to  George  (1),  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  the  same  vessel 
with  him,  in  the  same  disguise,  and  like  him  became  a  prominent  citizen. 
His  residence  was  on  the  east  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  near  Holyoke  Place. 
Connected  with  his  house  were  several  acres  of  land,  extending  northerly  to 
Mount  Auburn  Street,  and  southerly  and  easterly  into  the  marsh ;  besides 
which  he  owned  numerous  other  houses  and  lots.  He  was  Selectman  seven 
years,  from  1635  to  1645,  Town  Clerk  five  years,  from  1635  to  1641,  local 
Magistrate  or  Commissioner,  1648  to  1657,  and  Representative  six  years,  from 
1636  to  1641.  He  also  was  a  military  man;  and  when  his  brother  embarked 
for  England,  "the  Court  think  meet,"  says  the  record,  "  to  desire  Mr. 
Joseph  Cooke,  to  take  charge  of  the  Company  in  the  absence  of  the  Captain, 
and  till  the  Court  shall  take  further  orders."  He  was  the  friend  and  patron 
of  Mr.  Shepard  in  England,  and  is  affectionately  noticed  in  his  autobiography. 
He  went  to  England  in  1658,  and  in  1665  was  residing  at  Stannaway,  Co. 
Essex,  at  which  date  he  conveyed  his  homestead  and  several  lots  of  land  to 
his  son.  It  is  not  known  that  he  returned  here  afterwards.  By  his  w.  Eliza- 
beth he  had  Joseph,  b.  27  Dec.  1643;  Elizabeth,  b.  16  Mar.  1644-5,  in.  Rev. 
Joseph  Cawthorne  of  London  ;  Mary,  b.  30  Jan.  1646-7  ;  Grace,  b.  9  Dec. 
33 


514  COOK. 

1648 ;  Grace,  b.  1  May  1650.     Mitchell  (Ch.  Rec.)  names  Ruth  as  the  young- 
est dau. ;  perhaps  the  second  Grace  is  a  mistake  and  should  be  Ruth. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1660  or  1661,  and  m.  Martha, 
dau.  of  John  Stedman,  4  Dec.  1665,  by  whom  he  had  John,  b.  '25  Jan.  1667-8, 
d.  3  June  1684;  Elizabeth,  b.  11   Feb.  1669-70,  d.  2  Feb.  1687-8;  Joseph,  b. 
16  Sept.  1671;  Haynes,  b.   1  Feb.   1677-8,  resided  in  Camb.,  Woburn,  and 

Concord,  and  was  living  in  1724;  Alice,  b (elder  than  Haynes),  m.  Rev. 

John  Whiting  of  Lancaster  about  1693;  he  was  killed  by  the  Indians  11  Sept. 
1697,  and  she  m.  Rev.  Timothy  Stevens  of  Glastonbury,  Conn  ,  19  May  1701; 
her  dau.  Alice  d.  here  19  Oct.  1697,  a.  2  years  10  mo.,  and  Eunice,  d.  4  Nov. 
1697,  a.  1  year.     JOSKPH  the  f.  resided  on  the  homestead,  and  purchased 
several  tracts  of  land,  in  addition  to  those  which  were  given  him  by  his  father. 
It  is  not  known  that  he  devoted  himself  to  any  profession.  He  was  Represent- 
ative six  years,  from  1671  to  1680.     He  inherited  the  military  spirit  of  his 
relatives,  was  Lieutenant  (commanding)  of  Maj.  Gookin's  company,  1677,  and 
was  engaged  in  King  Philip's  War.     He  d.  about  Feb.  1690-91,  in  which 
month  administration  was  granted  to  Jonathan  Remington,  on  behalf  of  the 
son  Joseph,  a  minor. 

4.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  by  w.  Eunice,  had  Eunice,  b.  2  June  1716,  m. 
Ebenezer  Bradish  1739  (pub.  June  10);  Joseph,  b.  5  Mar.   1717-18.     He  in- 
herited the  homestead,  was  a  farmer,  and  d.  28  May  1739,  a.  nearly  68.     His 
w.  Eunice  d.  9  May  1718,  a.  34  y.  1  mo.  19  days. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (4),  m.  Elizabeth  Stratton  7  June  1739,  and  had 
Joseph,  b.  14  May  1740;  Eleanor,  bap.  19  July  1741;  Benjamin,  b.  16  Aug. 
1742,  d.  2  Dec.  1790;  Jonathan,  bap.  5  Jan.    1745-6;   Elizabeth,  bap.  20  Mar. 
1747-8,  m.  Joseph   Sanderson   25  Oct.    1775;  Eunice,  bap.  7   Oct.   1750,  m. 
Joseph  Read  4  July  1775,  and  d.  3  Oct.  1825.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a  tanner. 
He  sold  the  homestead  to  his  brother-in-law,  Ebenezer  Bradish,  in  1740,  and 
seems  afterwards  to  have  lived  on  the  south  side  of  the  river.     Both  he  and 
his  w.  were  living  in  1 7  70. 

6.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Joseph  (5),  m.  Esther  Johnson  8  Nov.  1770,  and  had 
Thomas,  bap.  22  Dec.  1771. 

7.  PHILIP,  freeman  1647,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Barnaby  Lamson,  and  had  prob. 

Hannah,  b. ,  d.  13  July  1654;  Mary,  b.  26  July  1652;  Philip,  b.  19  Aug. 

1654,  d.  young  ;  Samuel,  b. 1655;  Hannah,  b.  4  July  1657;  Sarah,  b. , 

d.  12  May  1661;  Philip,  b.  2  May   1661;  John,  b.  25  Aug.    1663;  Barnabas, 
bap.  4  June  1665.     PHILIP  the  f.  d.  10  Feb.  1666-7  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  17  Mar. 
1714-15,  a.  93.     His  residence  was  on  the  northerly  side  of  North  Avenue, 
not  far  from  the  almshouse. 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Philip  (7),   m.  Abigail  Griggs   14  Nov.  1681,   and  had 
Samuel,  b.  29  Aug.  1682,  d.  10  Jan.  1699-1700;  John,  b.  15  July  1685,  d.  8 
Sept.  1723,  a.  38,  leaving  no  children;  Philip,  b.  5  Mar.  1686-7  ;  Abigail,  b. 

31  Mar.  1688,  m.  Joseph  Farley  of  Billerica,  8  May  1712;  Mary,  b. ,  m. 

Jonathan   Willard  23  Jan.  1728-9;  Hannah,   b. ;  Joseph,  bap.    23  May 

1697;  Elizabeth,  bap.  6  Nov.  1698,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.  18  Jan.  1700-1,  m. 

Samuel  Prentice  23  Dec.  1736;  Samuel,  b.  29  Nov.  1702;   Sarah,  b.  , 

d.  27  Sept.  1706.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  22  Aug.  1731,  a.  76  ;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  28 
Jan.  1714,  a.  54.     He  was  a  farmer,  and  resided  on  the  homestead. 

9.  PHILIP,  s.  of  Philip  (7).  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Ephraim,  bap.  30  July  1699; 

Sarah,  b.  19  July  1702;  m. Haskins  of  Boston;  Philip,  b.  13   Oct.  1704; 

Israel,  b.  29  Oct.  1710;  Mary  bap.  8  Feb.  1712-13;  Abigail,  bap.  16  Oct.  1715, 
m.  John  Milledge.     PHILIP  the  f.  d.  25  Mar.  1718;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  1742. 

10.  BARNABAS,  s.  of  Philip  (7),  m.  Mary  Goodwin  4  Dec.  1689,  and  had 
son  Barnabas,  b.  1691.     He  d.  1696. 

11.  PHILIP,  s.  of  Samuel  (8),  by  w  Mary,  had  John,  b.  9  Oct.   1726;  Abi- 
gail, b.  18  Ap.  1729;  Martha,  bap.  27  June  1731  ;  Hepzibah,  bap.  6  July  1735. 
PHILIP  the  f.  d.  5  Ap.  1 736. 

12.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (8),  m.  Joanna,  dau.  of  Solomon  Prentice,  31 
Mar.    1726,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  12  Jan.   1726-7;  Samuel,  bap.  20  Oct.  1728; 
d.  young;  Susanna,  bap.  3  May  1730,  m.  Aaron  Teel,  5  Sept.  1754;  Lydia, 


COOK.  515 

bap.  5  Nov.  1732,  d.  unm.  20  June  1765;  Joanna,  bapt.  21  Sept.  1735,  d. 
young;  Joanna,  bap.  7  Nov.  1736;  Sarah,  bap.  10  June  1739,  m.  Henry  Dick- 
son  15  Nov.  1774;  Samuel,  bap.  8  Nov.  1741;  Solomon,  bap.  1  Jan.  1743-4, 
d.  young;  Eunice,  bap.  16  Aug.  1747,  d.  unm.  7  Ap.  1765:  Solomon,  bap.  11 
Feb.  1749-50.  SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  3  Nov.  1785,  a.  83;  his  w.  Joanna  d.  28 
Nov.  1772,  a.  63. 

13.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Philip  (9),  m.  Sarah   Swan  14  Dec.  1727,  and  had 
Eunice,  bap.  12  Jan.   1728-9;  Sarah,  b.  15  Mar.   1729-30,  m.  Joseph  Frost  8 
Feb.  1753;  Ephraim,  b.  12  Sept  1732;  Mercy,  b.  21  Nov.  1733;  Abigail,  b.  6 
Dec.  1735,  m.  Eben.  Tufts  23  Ap.   1760;  Mary,  b.  17  Ap.  1737;  Ann,  b.  17 
Mar.  1739,  d.  unm.  7  Ap.  1813  ;  Aaron,  b.  20  Dec.  1740;  Elizabeth,  b.  7  Dec. 
1743,  m.  Thomas  Barrett  6  Dec.  1771,  and  d.  17  Ap.  1785;  Martha,  b.  6  Feb. 
1748,  m.  Jonathan  Dickson  7  Mar.  1771.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  resided  in  Menot- 
omy,  and  d.  11  Sept.  1763,  a.  64;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  24  Mar.  1748,  a.  47. 

14.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Samuel  (12),  m.  Abigail  Winship  3  May  1746,  and  had 
Joseph,  bap.  23  Aug.  1747;  Elizabeth,  bap.  Oct.  1750;   William,  bap.  20  May 
1753;  Abigail,  bap.  18  Feb.  1759  (Joseph  Cook,  perhaps  the  same,  m.  Mar- 
gery Dickson  13  May  1756;  and  the  last  named  child,  Abigail,  may  have 
been  the  offspring  of  this  marriage). 

15.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (12),  m.  Elizabeth  Dickson  26  April  1764,  and 
d.  1765;  his  w.  owned  the  covenant  24  May  1767,  on  which  day  their  dau. 
Rhoda  was  baptized. 

16.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (13),  m.  Mercy  Hale  of  Boston  (pub.  July 
1755),  and  had  Ephraim,  b.  17  Ap.  1756;  Abraham,  bap.   5  Mar.  1758,  m. 
Naomi  Russell  5  July  1781,  and  d.  29  Oct.  1795;  Sarah,  twin  with  Abraham, 
bap.  5  Mar.  1758;  Mercy,  bap.  10  June  1759,  m.  Ephraim  Mullett  28  May 
1782;  Deborah,  bap.  16  Aug.  1761,  m.  Benj.  Perry  4  Dec.  1794;  Thomas,  b. 
10  June  1763  ;  Ly<Ha,  b.  11  Oct.  1765,  d.  unm.  1813;  Lucy,  b.  19  July  1767, 
m.  Walter   Foss  10  Jan.   1786;   Mary,   b.    3  July    1769,   d.  28  July  1780. 
EPHRAIM  the  f.  resided  in  Menotomy,  and  d.  14  Nov.  1773. 

17.  AARON,  s.  of  Ephraim  (13),  m.  Elizabeth  Mullet  (pub.  7  June)  1766, 
and  had  Aaron,  b.  12  June  1767,  d.  19  Sept.  1819,  having  had  son  Jefferson, 
b.  22  Sept.   1803;  John,  b.  18  Oct.    1768,  d.  24  May   1770;  Elizabeth,  b.  25 
Feb.  1770;  Sarah,  b.  20  Feb.  1772:  John,  b.  19  May  1774;  Mary,  b.  26  Jan. 
1777;  Rebecca,  b.  14  June  1779.     Elizabeth  the  m.  d.  8  April  1808,  aged  62. 

18.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (16),  m.  Hannah  Crosby  (pub.  6  Dec.)  1777, 
and  had  Hannah,  b.  25  Sept.  1778;  Ephraim,  b.  2  Mar.  1780;  Isaac,  b.  2  Oct. 
1781,  d.  12  Dec.  1815;  Sally,  b.   27  April  1783;  Jazaniah,  b   25  Feb.   1785, 
d.  27  Nov.  1846;  Simeon,  b.   20  Dec.   1786,  d.   20  Mar.  1815;   Polly,  b.  23 
Feb.   1790;  -Sukey,  b.  9  Oct.  1791.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  resided  in  Menotomy, 
and  d.  30  April  1824. 

19.  EPHRAIM,   s.  of  Ephraim  (18),  m.  Susan  Wellington  18  Dec.  1803,  and 
had  Josiah  W.,  b.  12  Nov.  1805;  Susan  W.,  b.  4  Mar.  1810;  Micah  W.,  b.  12 
July  1812;  John  B.,  b.  14  Jan.  1816  ;  Ann  L.  W.,  b.  22  Aug.  1818;   Thomas 
D.,  b.  4  May  1821  ;  Aaron  S.  W.,  b.  22  Aug.  1824;  Harriet  A.,  b.  16  Dec. 
1827.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  resided  on  North  Avenue,  and  d.  27  Jan.  1861 ;  his 
w.  Susan  W.  d.  22  Aug.  1858,  aged  74. 

20.  SAMUEL  (a  descendant  from  Aaron  Cooke  of  Dorchester  and  North- 
ampton), b.   in  Hadley  1708,  grad.  H.  C.   1735,  ordained  at  Menotomy,  12 
Sept.   1739,   where   he   d.  4  June   1783.     He   was   three   times   married:  to 
Sarah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Porter  of  Hadley  (pub.  29  Aug.  1740);  she  d.  22  Aug. 
1741,  a.  24,  and  he  m.  Anna,  dau  of  Rev.  John  Cotton  of  Newton  (nub.  5 
Sept.   1742);  she  d.  12  Feb.  1761,  a.  38,  and  he  m.  Lucy,  widow  of  Rev. 
Nicholas  Bowes  of  Bedford,  and  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Hancock  of  Lexington 


b.  14  July  1745,  d.  21  Aug.  1745;  Elizabeth,  twin  with  Samuel,  b.  14  July 
1745,  d.  unm.  13  Feb.  1784;  Mary,  b.  15  May  1747,  d.  unm.  1  Feb.  1824; 
Sarah,  b.  9  Aug.  1750,  living  unm.  1784;  Samuel,  b.  29  Mar.  1752,  grad. 


516  COOK— COOLIDGE  — COOPER. 

H.  C.  1772,  d.  in  Boston,  suddenly,  2  Jan.  1795,  leaving  no  posterky  ;  Han- 
nah Gibbs,  b.  17  Ap.  1754,  m.  Henry  Bradshaw  3  June  1781,  and  d.  21  Jan. 
1793;  Rebecca,  b.  29  Dec.  1758,  d.  2  Feb.  1778.  Mr.  Cooke  is  described  in 
his  epitaph,  as  a  social  friend,  a  man  of  science,  an  eminent  and  faithful 
clergyman.  As  might  be  expected,  from  his  family  connection,  he  was  an 
ardent  patriot  in  the  Revolution  ;  and  he  was  chaplain  of  the  General  Court 
at  Watertown,  in  the  summer  of  1776. 

COOLIDGE,  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Simon  and  grandson  of  John,  b.  in  Watertown 
May  31  1666,  was  here  as  early  as  1696,  when  he  purchased  an  estate  on 
Harvard  Street,  extending  from  Holyoke  Street  to  Bow  Street.  His  house 
stood  near  the  corner  of  Harvard  and  Holyoke  streets.  He  was  a  tailor,  and 
accumulated  a  large  estate.  He  was  a  Selectman,  1713,  1714,  1730;  and  Dea- 
con of  the  Church  from  22  Jan.  1718,  until  his  death.  His  w.  was  Rebecca, 
dau.  of  John  Frost  and  granddaughter  of  Elder  Frost.  Their  children  were 
Rebecca,  bap.  5  Dec.  1697,  d.  young;  Rebecca,  bap.  4  June  1699,  m.  Rev. 
Edward  Wigglesworth  10  Sept.  1729,  and  d.  5  June  1754;  Joseph,  bap.  18 
Jan.  1701-2,  prob.  d.  young,  as  he  is  not  named  in  the  settlement  of  his 
father's  estate;  Mary,  b.  14  Ap.  1706,  d.  3  June  1707;  Stephen,  b.  18  Ap. 
1708;  Mary,  b.  15  Jan.  1710-11,  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Porter  of  Sherburne  30 
Oct.  1735,  and  d.  10  Aug.  1752.  JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  17  Dec.  1737,  a.  71  ; 
his  w.  Rebecca  d.  1  July  1750,  a.  81. 

2.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Joseph  (1)   grad.  H.   C.    1724,  was  a  physician,  and 
taught  the  Grammar  School  here  many  years.     He  never  married ;  but  re- 
sided with  his  mother  on  the  homestead  until  her  death,  and  probably  until 
his  own  death,  which  occurred  5  May  1758. 

3.  STEPHEN,  prob.  brother  of  Joseph  (1),  m.   Sarah,  dau.  of  Capt.  Josiah 
Parker,  30  Ap.  1702  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  11  May  1704,  d.  3  Feb.  1704-5. 
He  d.  1704,  and  his  w.  Sarah  in.  Nicholas  Fessenden,  the  somewhat  noted 
Schoolmaster,  8  Aug.  1706. 

ELIZABETH,  m.  Gilbert  Crackbone  17  June  1656.  HENRY,  m.  Phebe 
Dana  12  Sept.  1747.  EUNICE,  m.  Joseph  Miller  15  April  1765.  ELIZABETH, 
m.  George  Brown  24  April  1777. 

COOPER,  JOHN,  son,  by  a  former  marriage,  of  Lydia,  wife  of  Gregory  Stone, 
b.  1618,  came  to  Camb.  before  May  1636.  He  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of 
North  Avenue,  not  far  from  Linnzean  Street,  and  was  a  prominent  citizen. 
He  was  a  Selectman  thirty-eight  years,  from  1646  to  1690,  and  Town  Clerk 
thirteen  years,  1669-1681.  He  was  also  Deacon  of  the  Church,  from  1668 
until  his  death.  He  m.  Anna,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Sparhawk,  and  had  Anna, 
b.  16  Nov.  1643,  m.  Edward  Pinson  2  Aug.  1664,  and  d.  8  May  1666  ;  Mary, 
b.  11  Sept.  1645,  m.  John  Meriam  21  Aug.  1663,  and  was  living  in  1713; 
John,  b.  2  Ap.  1651,  d.  26  Aug.  1652;  Samuel,  b.  3  Jan.  1653-4;  John,  b.  3 
Oct.  1656;  Nathaniel,  b.  2  May  1659,  d.  19  Dec.  1661 ;  Lydia,  b.  8  Ap.  1662, 
m.  John  Francis  5  Jan.  1687-8;  Anna,  b.  26  Dec.  1667  (T.  Rec.  1668),  d.  in 
Woburn  1712.  Deac.  Cooper  d.  22  Aug.  1691,  a.  73.  His  w.  Anna  in. 
James  Convers,  Sen.,  of  Woburn,  and  was  living  in  1712. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  John  (1),  was  a  farmer,  and  inherited  the  homestead. 
He  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Church  22  Mar.  1705;  and  was  a  Selectman  12 
years,  from  1704  to  1716.     He  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Deac.  Walter  Hastings, 
4  Dec.  1682,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  23  Dec.  1683,  m.  Edmund  Frost  1  Feb. 
1710-11;  Lydia,  b.  9  Mar.  1684-5,  m.  Jona.  Gove   26  Dec.  1706;  Sarah,  m. 
Ephraim  Frost,  Jr.,  9  Sept.  1714;  Samuel;  Mary,  m.  Nathaniel  Goddard  26 
Nov.  1723;  Elizabeth,  prob.  d.  young;   Walter  (the  last  five  were  bap.  17  Jan. 
1696-7);  John,  b.  2  Oct.  1698;  Jonathan,  b.  6  Dec.  1707.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d. 
8  Jan.  1717-18,  a.  64 ;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  9  Oct.  1732,  a.  66. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  was  a  shoemaker.     He  resided  on  the  easterly  side 
of  North  Avenue;  his  estate  adjoined 'that  of  his  father,  and  was  formerly 
owned  by  George  Bowers.     He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Wm.  Bordman,  28  Ap. 
1686;  she  d.  15  Nov.  1713  (G.  S.  1714),  and  he  m.  Sarah  Hancock   21  June 
1720.     His  children  were  John,  bap.  3  July  1698;  Elizabeth,  bap.  3  July  1698; 
Elizabeth,  b.  9  May  1699,  m.  Samuel  Andrew  10  Ap.  1741  ;  Anna,  bap.  7  July 


COOPER— CORLETT.  517 

1700,  m.  Joseph  Carter  of  Woburn  12  Feb.  1718-19;  Hannah,  b.  29  Dec. 
1701;  Sarah,  b.  9  Ap.  1704;  Timothy,  b.  9  Ap.  1706;  Joshua,  b.  25  Jan. 
1708-9;  Abigail,  b.  10  July  1711;  and  perhaps  others,  previous  to  1698. 
JOHN  the  f.  d.  12  Feb.  1735-6,  and  his  estate  was  divided,  about  a  month 
Afterwards,  between  the  widow  Sarah,  grandson  John  Cooper,  legal  represen- 
tative of  only  son  John,  daughter  Elizabeth,  and  grand  daughter  Anna  Carter. 
Amount  of  the  estate,  £2,868  5  3. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  a  farmer  and  inherited  the  homestead, 
which  he  sold  to  Ebenezer  Frost,  14  Ap.  1730.     He  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deae. 
Samuel  Kidder,  29  Mar.  1720,  and  had  Nathaniel,  bap.  18  Sept.  1720;  Samuel, 
bap.  15  Oct.  1721;   Joseph,  bap.  20  Oct.  1723;   John,  bap.  7  Mar.  1724-5; 
Sarah,  bap.  12  Jan.  1728-9.     In  the  summer  of  1730,  he  removed  with  his 
family  to  Grafton. 

5.  WALTER,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  a  shoemaker.     He  m.  Martha,  dau.  of 
Benjamin  Goddard,  7  June  1722,  and  had  Walter,  bap.  31  Mar.  1724;  Walter, 
b.  23  Feb.  1728-9;  Benjamin,  b.  8  Feb.  1729-30;  Martha,  b.  2  Jan.  1733-4; 
Samuel,  bap.  28  Nov.  1736;  Martha,  bap.  7  May  1738;  Benjamin,  bap.  10  Feb. 
1740-41,  d.  11   Sept.  1760;  Nathaniel,  bap.  18  April  1742;  Samuel,  bap.  25 
Aug.  1745.     WALTER  the  f.  d.  27  Sept.  1751,  a.  55;  his  w.  Martha   d.  10  Ap. 
1768,  a.  65. 

6.  JOHN,  s,  of  Samuel  (2),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Solomon  Prentice,  6  Ap.  1  721, 
and  d.  13  Mar.  1723-24,  without  children.     His  w.  Lydia  m.  Thomas  Kidder, 

8  April  1725. 

7.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  a  saddler;  he  seems  to  have  served  his 
apprenticeship  in  Rox.,  and  to  have  remained  there  a  short  time  afterwards; 
but  he  returned  early  to  Camb.,  and  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Solomon  Prentice,  25 
Oct.  1732.     His  children,  bap.  here,  were  Jonathan,  23  Mar.  1734-5;  Sarah, 
5  Sept.  1736;   Samuel,  18  Feb.  1738-9,  pub.  to  Hannah  Geohegan  of  Chs. 
19  Mar.  1763,  and  d.  Sept.  1765,  leaving  his  whole  estate  to  his  wife;  Simon, 
24  July  1741:  Daniel,  7  Aug.  1743,  m.  Lydia  Mullett  9  May  1764;  Solomon, 

9  Feb.  1745-6;  Lydia,  24  Ap.  1748,  m.  Samuel  Cox  16  Nov.  1768.    JONA- 
THAN the  f.  d.  in  Chs.  1766,  prob.  in  that  portion  near  "Porter's,"  which  is 
now  embraced  in  Camb.,  and  formerly  called  "  Cooper's  Corner." 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Hannah  Johnson  21   Oct.  1725,  and  had  John, 
b.  22  Jan.  1727-8,  represented  in  1748  to  be  incapable  of  managing  his  affairs; 
William,  bap.  11  Jan.  1729-30,  d.  young;  Anna,  bap.  2  Ap.  1732.     JOHN  the 
the  f.  d.  15  Ap.  1733  (as  appears  by  receipts  on  the  Probate  Files),  and  his 
w.  Hannah  prob.  m.  Benjamin  Crackbone,  pub.  30  Sept.  1738. 

9.  WALTER,  s.  of  Walter  (5),  m.  Lydia  Kidder  13  Mar.  1755,  and  had 
Walter,  b.  17  Ap.  1756,  d.  14  Sept.  1758;  previously,  however,  to  the  birth 
of  this  child,  the  father  d.  1   Ap.  1756,  a.  27.     His  w.  Lydia  prob.  in.  Jon- 
athan Hill  10  Jan.  1763. 

10.  JONATHAN,   s.  of  Jonathan   (7),   m.   Mercy,  dau.  of  Jonas  Prentice 
(pub.  10  Ap.  1755),  and  had  Mercy,  bap.  18  Ap.  1756;  Jonathan,  bap.  1  Oct. 
1758,  d.  17   Sept.  1760;  Anna,  bap.   6  Feb.  1763;  Mara  (her  father  having 
"died  suddenly  sixteen  days  past,"  Ch.  Rec.),  bap.  12  May  1765,  m.  Joshua 
Palmer  23  May  1791.     JONATHAN  the  f.  d.  26  Ap.  1765. 

11.  BENJAMIN,  an  innholder  in  Menotomy  duringthe  Revolutionary  War, 
removed  to  Boston  in  1781,  and  opened  a  tavern  in  Fish  Street,  at  the  sign  of 
the  Masons'  Arms,  but  soon  returned  to  Menotomy,  where  he  d.  5  Sept.  1786, 
a.  54;  his  w.  Rachel  d.  12   Oct.  1805,  a.  73.     The  birth  of  only  one  child, 
Isaac,  is  found  on  record;  but  the  father's  will,  dated  17  May  1782,  mentions 
w.Rachel  and  chil.  Benjamin;  Mary,  m.  Thomas  Beals  8  July  1779;  William, 
prob.  m.  Rebecca  Jenkins  24  April  1780,  and  Boradell  Fessenden  1  Sept. 
1784;  John,  d.  in  Georgia  before  1813,  leaving  posterity;  Sarah,  d.  unm.  at 
Newton  in  1813;  Samuel,  living  at  Boston  in  1813;  Isaac,  b  2  Sept.  1775. 

SARAH,  m.  Nathaniel  Patten  8  Oct.  1678.  SALLY,  m.  Josiah  Dickson  10 
July  1788. 

CORLETT,  ELIJAH,  the  famous  schoolmaster,  educated  at  Lincoln  College, 
Oxford,  had  charge  of  the  Grammar  School  here,  for  nearly  half  a  century, 


518  CORLETT  —  COX  —  CBACKBONE. 

and  trained  up  many  of  English,  American,  and  Indian  birth,  for  admission 
to  the  College.  This  school  he  had  taught  so  long  before  1643,  that  he  had, 
according  to  Johnson,  "  very  well  approved  himself  for  his  abilities,  dexterity, 
and  painfulness,  in  teaching  and  education  of  the  youths  under  him; "  and  he 
remained  in  office  until  1680,  and  probably  until  his  death.  His  fame  extended 
through  the  colony;  and  Mather,  in  his  Magnalia,  refers  to  him  as  "that 
memorable  old  schoolmaster  in  Cambridge,  from  whose  education  our  college 
and  country  has  received  so  many  of  its  worthy  men,  that  he  is  himself 
worthy  to  have  his  name  celebrated,"  etc.  He  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of 
Dunster  Street,  between  Mt.  Auburn  and  Winthrop  streets.  By  his  w.  Bar- 
bara (who  was  sister  to  Richard  Cutter),  he  had  Rebecca,  b.  14  Aug.  1644, 
prob.  d.  young;  Hepzibah,  bap.  here,  m.  James  Minott  2  May  1673  (by  whom 
she  had  Mary,  living  unm.  1723),  and  Daniel  Champney  9  June  1684  (by 
whom  she  had  Hepzibah,  b.  23  June  1687),  and  d.  prob.  1715;  Ammi-Ruha- 
mah,  bap.  here.  ELIJAH  the  f.  d.  25  Feb.  1686-7,  aged  78.  His  w.  Barbara 
survived  him  about  twenty  years.  She  had  a  grant  of  land  in  1707,  but  prob. 
d.  during  that  year. 

2.  AMMI-RUHAMAH,  s.  of  Elijah  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1670;  is  said  to  have 
taught  school  in  Plymouth,  1672  ;  was  afterwards  Fellow  of  the  College,  and 
probably  engaged  as  one  of  the  instructors  until  he  d.  unm.  1  Feb.  1678-9; 
for  the  corporation  ordered,  "that  the  Treasurer  of  the  College  do  pay  to 
Mrs.  Belshar  for  wine  of  her  received  and  expended  at  the  funeral  of  Mr. 
Ammi-Ruhamah  Corlett. " 

Cox,  MATTHEW,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Walter  Russell  (pub.  30  Mar. 
1739),  and  had  Elizabeth,  bap.  20  Jan.  1739-40,  m.  Henry  Dickson  24  July 
1766;  Agnes,  bap.  1  Mar.  1740-41,  m.  James  Phillips  14  May  1778;  Walter, 
bap.  7  Oct.  1744;  Samuel,  bap.  28  Sept.  1746;  Matthew,  bap.  27  Mar.  1748; 
William,  bap.  8  Ap.  1750;  Phebe,  bap.  14  Ap.  1754,  m.  John  Hobbs  24  June 
1777;  Benjamin,  bap.  7  Mar.  1756.  MATTHEW  the  f.  was  instantly  killed  by 
a  fall  from  an  apple  tree,  which  he  was  pruning,  16  Feb.  1756;  his  w.  Eliz- 
abeth d.  Jan.  1768. 

2.  WALTER,  s.  of  Matthew  (1),  was  a  tanner;  he  m.  Judith  Deland  of  Chs. 

16  Nov.  1769,  and  had  Elizabeth,  bap.   18  Nov.   1770;    Walter,  bap.  6  June 
1773;  William,  bap.  7  Sept.  1777;  John  Hobbs,  bap.  7  Ap.  1782;  John  Upham, 
bap.  6  Mar.  1785 ;  Samuel,  bap.  28  Sept.  1788.     Mrs.  Judith  Cox  was  living 
(chargeable)  with  her  sons,  William  and  Upham,  Mar.  5  1807. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Matthew  (1),  m.  Lydia  Cooper  16  Nov.  1768;  she  d.  and 
he  m.  Jemima  Hasey  16  Feb.  1775.     He  d.  1776  ;  and  his  w.  Jemima  m.  John 
Christian  Fricke  18  Aug.  1778.     Children  not  recorded. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Matthew  (1),  m.  Mary  Sawin  25  Nov.  1779.     No  fur- 
ther record. 

5.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Matthew  (1),  m.  Susanna  Leeds  of  Dorchester  (pub. 
25  Sept.  1779),  and  had  Nancy,  bap.  12  Feb.  1786,  and  perhaps  others. 

6.  WALTER,  s.  of  Walter  (2),  m.  Susanna  Smith,  11  Dec.  1796,  and  had 
Susanna,  b.  28  Mar.  1797;  Sarah,  b.  28   Oct.  1799;    Walter,  b.  5   Nov.  1801. 
WALTER  the  f.  d.  27  Ap.  1807;  his  w.  Susanna  survived. 

7.  SAMUEL,  prob.  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Fanny,  dau.  of  Daniel  Watson,  and 
had  Samuel,  b.  9  Nov.  1793;  Leonard,  b.  3  Mar.  1796  ;  Fanny,  b.  7  July  1800; 
Elbridge,  b.  4  May  1806.    SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  26  Oct.  1848,  a.  82;  his  w.  Fanny 
d.  27  April  1855,  a.  88. 

CRACKBONE,  GILBERT  (otherwise  written  Crackbon,  Cragbone,  Crake- 
borne),  was  an  early  inhabitant  of  Camb.  and  freeman  in  1636.  He  bought 
an  estate  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street  of  Joseph  Isaac  about  1638, 
which  he  sold  in  1646  to  Philip  Cook;  and  he  seems  afterwards  to  have  re- 
sided on  North  Avenue.  His  w.  having  deceased,  he  m.  Elizabeth  Coolidge 

17  June  1656.     He  d.  2  Jan.  1671-2,  and  devised  his  estate  to  his  w.  and  to 
Joseph  and  Sarah,  children  of  his  only  son  Benjamin;  of  which  son  he  says, 
"it  is  my  sore  affliction  that  his  disobedient  carriage  have  obstructed  the 
manifestation  of  my  fatherly  compassions  towards  him."     His  w.  Elizabeth  m. 
Richard  Robbins  26  Mar.  1673.     Mary,  who  d.   30  May  1655,  and  Judith, 
who  d.  1  July  1655,  were  probably  his  daughters. 


CRACKBONE  —  CROSBY  —  CUTLER.         519 

2.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Gilbert  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Button  10  Nov.  1657.  and  had 
Hannah,  b.  3  Sept.  1658,  d.  24  Sept.  1658;  Sarah,  b.  24  Aug.  1659;  Benjamin, 
23  Jan.  1660-61,  d.  27  April  1661;  Joseph,  b.  28  Mar.  1663.     BENJAMIN  the 
f.  served  in  "  Philip's  War,"  under  Capt.  Beers,  and  was  killed  in  1675. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Benjamin  (2),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  John  Marrett  and  widow 
of  Timothy  Rice  of  Concord,  11  May  1698;  she  d.  6  Jan.  1700-1,  and  he  m. 

Abigail .     His  chil.  were  Joseph,  bap.   19   Mar.  1698-9;  Elizabeth,  b.  29 

Dec.  1700,  m.  Joseph  Hunnewell  of  Chs.  before  1729;  Abigail,  b.  20   Aug. 
1707,  m.  George  MacSparran  2  Ap.  1730,  and  Solomon  Champney  (pub.  12 
Ap.  1738),  and  was  living  his  widow  in  1767;  John,  b.  and  d.  11  Feb.  1708-9; 
Benjamin,  b.  22  Ap.  1710.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a  shoemaker,  and  owned  an 
estate  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets.     He  d.  about  1 738  ; 
his  w.  Abigail  survived. 

4.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  was  a  shoemaker,  res.  in  Watertown,  m.  Abi- 
gail Grant  10  Jan.   1734-5,   had  Abigail  and  Lydia,  b.   20  Oct.   1735,   and 
removed  to  Sherburne,  where  a  Joseph  Crackbone,  perhaps  his  son,  res.  in 
1793. 

5.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  was  a  tanner,  and  resided  on  the  easterly 
side  of  North  Avenue,  near  Roseland   Street.     This  place  he  sold  1764  to 
Gideon  Frost,  and  purchased  a  small  lot  on  the  same  street  near  the  Common. 
He  in.  Hannah,  prob.  wid.  of  John  Cooper  (pub.  30  Sept.  1738),  but  there  is 
no  record  of  children.     He  d.  28  Mar.  1767,  devising  his  estate  to  his  w. 
Hannah. 

CROSBY,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Crosbee  and  Crosbie),  styled  "  senior," 
1640,  was  early  in  Camb.  No  record  of  family.  He  resided  on  the  westerly 
side  of  Ash  Street,  which  estate  he  sold  partly  to  Edmund  Frost,  1649,  and 
partly  to  Richard  Eccles,  1651  ;  at  both  which  dates  he  resided  in  Rowley. 

2.  SIMON,  perhaps  brother  to  Thomas  (1),  embarked  for  N.  Eng.  in  the  Susan 
and  Ellen   18  Ap.  1634,  then  a.  26,  with  w.  Ann,  a.  25,  and  son  Thomas,  a. 
8  weeks.     (CW/.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxviii.,  26.)     His  children  b.  in  Camb.  were 
Simon,  b.  —  Aug.  1637;  Joseph,  b.  —  Feb.  1638-9.     SIMON  the  f.  was  Select- 
man, 1636,  1638.      He  resided  at  the  corner  of  Brattle  Street  and  Brattle 
Square,  nearly  where  the  old  Brattle  house  stands.    He  d.  —  Sept.  1639,  a.  31 ; 
his  w.  Ann  m.  Rev.  William  Tompson  of  Braintree,  before  1646,  and  became 
a  second  time  a  widow  at  his  death,  10  Dec.  1666. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Simon  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1653,  minister  in  East-ham  from 
1655  to  1670,  where,  by  w.  Sarah,  he  had  Thomas,  b.  7  April  1663;  Simon,  b. 
5  July  1665;   Sarah,  b.  24  Mar.  1667;  Joseph,  b.  27  Jan.  1668-9;  John  and 
another  son,  twins,  b.  11  Feb.  1670-71 ;  William,  b.  March  1673;  Ebenezer,  b. 
28  Mar.  1675;  Anne,  Mercy,  and  Increase,  triplets,  b.  14  and  15   April  1678; 
Eleazar,  b.  30  Mar.  1680.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  in  Boston   13  June   1702.     His 
posterity  on  the  Cape  was  both  numerous  and  respectable. 

4.  SIMON,  s.  of  Simon   (2),  removed  early  to  Billerica,  was  the  first  Inn- 
holder  in   that  town,  and  Representative   1691,  1697,  1698.     He  m.  Rachel 
Brackett,  15  July  1659,  and  had  Simon ;  Rachel,  m.  Ephraim  Kidder  ;  Thomas, 
b.  16  Mar.  1665-6;  Joseph,  b.  5  July  1669,  m.  Sarah  French  7  Jan.  1691-2; 
Hannah,  b.  30  Mar.  1672,  m.  Samuel  Danforth ;  Nathan,  b.  9   Feb.   1674-5; 
Josiah,  b.  11  Nov.  1677;  Mary,  b.  23  Nov.  1680,  m.  John   Blanchard;   Sarah, 
b.  27  July  1684,  m.  William  Rawson  of  Braintree.     SIMON  the  f.  d.  about 
1725  ;  his  wife  Rachel  and  all  the  before  named  children  were  living  at  the 
date  of  his  will,  7  June  1717,  which  was  proved  26  Feb.  1724-5. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Simon  (2),  settled  in  Braintree,  where  he  was  prob.  carried 
in  his  childhood  by  his  mother;  was  Representative  in   1690;  appointed  to 
assist  in  laying  out  the  Braintree  6,000  acres  in   1673;  m.   Sarah  Brackett 
1675,  had  sons  Thomas,  Simon,  Ebenezer,  and  perhaps  others,  and  d.  26  Nov. 
1695. 

CUTLER,  JAMES,  was  early  in  Watertown,  and  about  1049  removed  to 
Cambridge  Farms,  where  his  posterity  remain  to  this  day.  His  w.  Anne  was 
buried  30  Sept.  1644,  and  he  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  Thomas  King,  9  Mar.  1645; 
she  d.  7  Dec.  1654,  and  be  m.  Phebe,  dau.  of  John  Page  of  Watertown.  His 


520  CUTLER. 

chil.  were  James,  b.  6  Nov.  1635;  Hannah,  b.  26  July  1638,  m.  John  Winter, 
Jr.;  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Jan.  1640;  Mary,  b.  29  Mar.  1644;  Elizabeth,  b.  20  July 
1646,  m.  John  Parmenter  2d  of  Sudbury;  Thomas,  b.  about  1648;  Sarah,  b. 

about  1653,  m.  Thomas  Waite,  and  d.  17  Jan.   1744;  Joanna,  b.  ,  m. 

Philip  Russell  19  April  1680,  and  d.  26  Nov.  1703;  Jemima,  b.  ;  John, 

b.  19  May  1663,  d.  21   Sept.  1714  ;  Samuel,  b.  18  Nov.  1664;  Phebe,  b. . 

JAMES  the  f.  d.  17  May  1694,  aged  about  88.  See  Bond's  Watertown  and 
Hudson's  Lexington. 

2.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (1),  m.  at  Sudbury  Lydia,  wid.  of  Samuel  Wright, 
dau.  of  John  Moore  of  Sudbury,  15  June  1665,  and  had  in  Camb.  James,  b. 
12  May  1666,  d.  1  Feb.  1690-1;  Ann,  b.  20  Ap.  1669,  m.  Richard  Bloss  (or 
Bloise)  of  Watertown  26   Sept.  1688  ;  Samuel  and  Joseph,  twins,  b.  2  May 
1672;  John,  b.  14  Ap.  1675;  Thomas,  b.  15  Dec.  1677;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  Mar. 
1680-81.     JAMES  the  f.  d.  31  July  1685,  a.  nearly  50;  his  w.  Lydia  survived. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  James  (1),  by  w.  Abigail  had  Abigail,  b.  31   Oct.  1674; 
Thomas,  b.  19  Jan.  1677-8;  Mary,  b.  15  Mar.  1680-81;  Hannah,  b.  7   Mar. 
1682-3  ;  James,  bap.  in  Watertown,  9  Jan.  1687;  Jonathan,  bap.  in  Wat.   17 
June  1688;  Benjamin,  b.  4  July  1697.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  13  July  1722. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  James  (1),  m.  Mary  Stearns  1  Jan.  1694,  and  had  Samuel, 
b.  20  Dec.  1694;  John,  b.  3  June  1696;  Ehenezer,  b.  24  July  1700;  Mary,  b. 
3  Ap.  1702,  m.  Capt.  Samuel  Bond  of  Weston;  Sarah,  b.  20  Nov.  1704.    JOHN 
the  f.  d.  21  Sept.  1714;  his  w.  Mary  d.  24  Feb.  1733. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  James  (2),  d.  at  Camb.  Farms,  and  his  brother  Thomas 
was  appointed  admr.  20  Nov.  1 700. 

6.  THOMAS,  s.  of  James  (2),  m.  Sarah  Stone,  and  had  Abigail,  b   2  June 
1703;  David,  b.   28  Aug.  1705;  Amity,  b.   19  Dec.  1707;  Sarah,  b.  19  Jan. 
1709-10;  Mary,  b.  8  Nov.  1714;  Hannah,  b.   13  May   1717;   Thomas,  b.  30 
Sept.  1719;  Millicent,  bap.  29  July  1722. 

7.  JAMES,  prob.  s.  of  Thomas  (3),  by  w.  Alice,  had  James,  b.  13  Ap.  1715; 
William,  b.  3  Ap.  1717;  Thankful,  bap.  24  Mar.  1719;  Robert,  b.  3  Ap.  1721; 
Alice,  b.  27  Nov.   1729,  m.  Ephraim  Jones,  Jr.,  of   Concord  16   Nov.   1752. 
JAMES  the  f.  d.  at  Menotomy  16  Sept.  1756,  a.  abt.  70;  his  w.  Alice  d.  22 
Sept.  1756,  a.  67. 

8.  DAVID,  s.  of  Thomas  (6),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph  Tidd,  and  had  Abi- 
gail, b.  1  May  1728   m.  Samuel  Hodgman  of  Western  (now  Warren)  7  May 
1755  ;  David,  b.  15  July  1730,  m.  Dorcas  Reed  of  Lex.  and  rem.  to  Western; 
Joseph,  b.  31  May  1733,  m.  Rebecca  Howe  of  Lincoln,  who  d.  and  he  m.  Mary 
Reed  of  Western,  to  which  town  he  rem. ;  Isaac,  b.  June  1736,  d.  Jan.  1737; 
Mary,  b.  12  Aug.  1738,  m.  John  Paige  of  Hard  wick  15   Sept.  1758  ;  Solomon, 
b.  15  May  1740,  m.  Rebecca  Paige  of  Bedford;  Thomas,  b.  5  May  1742,  m. 
Abigail  Reed  of  Western;  Elizabeth,  b.  5  Aug.  1745,  m.  Benjamin  Moore  of 
Lex.  3  May  1768;  Amittai,  b.  15  July  1748,  m.  Nathan  Leonard  of  Hard  wick 
6  Nov.  1766.     DAVID  the  f.  d.  of  small-pox  5  Dec.  1760  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  25 
May  1797,  a.  93. 

9.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (7),  m.  Abigail,  dau.   of  Henry  Dunster  (pub.  29 
Oct.  1737),  and  had  James,  b.  30  May  1741;  Abigail,  b.  22  Sept.  1742:  Alice, 
b.  16  April  1745;  Martha,  b.  14  July  1746  ;  Henry,  b.  10  May  1748;  Betty,  b. 
12  May  1750,  d.  24  July  1754;  Sarah,  b.  1  Feb.  1753,  d.  30  July  1754;    Wil- 
liam, b.  11  April  1755.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  brickmaker,  and  rem.  to  Salem 
before  1772,  when  he  joined  with  the  Dunster  heirs  in  the  sale  of  land  in 
Cambridge.     He  d.  18  Feb.  1795;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  before  1776.  and  he  was 
twice  m.  afterwards. 

10.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  James  (7),  was  an  innholder  in  Menotomy.     He  m. 
Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Samuel  Whittemore,  15  Sept.  1743.     She  d.  29  Dec.  1770, 
and  he  m.  Rebecca,  wid.  of  Thomas  Hall,  and  dau.  of  Samuel  Cutter  (pub.  2 
Jan.   1773).     The  death  of  the  first  w.  is  thus  noticed  in  the  Boston  News 
Letter,    of  Jan.    10,   1771:    "Died  at  Menotomy,  the  wife   of    Mr.   William 
Cutler  of  that  place,  aged  48  years.     She  was  the  mother  of  36  children;  but 
the  35th  was  the  only  one  that  survived  to  follow  her  to  the  grave."     This 
account  seems  incredible.     The  records  show,  however,  that  she  had  a  large 


CUTLER  —  CUTTER.  521 

number  of  children,  all  of  whom  died  young,  except  one.  The  survivor  of 
this  numerous  progeny,  William,  b.  23  Dec.  1764,  grad.  H.  C.  1786,  was  a 
physician,  resided  in  Virginia  more  than  thirty  years,  and  d.  in  Dinwiddie  Co. 
17  May  1836,  a.  71.  By  the  second  w.  Mr.  Cutler  had  James,  b.  12  May  1774, 
a  printer  in  Boston,  1817;  Rebecca,  b.  Jan.  1777,  d.  6  Aug.  1778 ;  Rebecca,  b. 
22  Dec.  1779,  m.  John  Tufts  13  Dec.  1798.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  of  dropsy 
1  Ap.  1781;  his  w.  Rebecca  survived,  and  in  1817,  by  reason  of  old  age,  was 
placed  under  the  guardianship  of  her  son  James. 

11.  ROBERT,  s.  of  James  (7),  grad.  H.  C.  1741.  was  ordained  at  Epping, 
N.  H.,  in  1747,  dismissed  in  1755,  installed  at  Greenwich,  Mass.,  13  Feb. 
1760,  where  he  d.  24  Feb.  1786,  a.  65.  He  m.  Hannah  Crosby  of  Billerica  ; 
she  d.  and  he  m.  Elizabeth  Fiske  of  Lexington  3  Sept.  1751.  His  chil.  were 
Hannah,  b.  22  July  1745,  m.  John  Haskell  of  Hardwick,  and  d.  4  Sept.  1831  ; 
Millecent,  b.  20  Jan.  1747,  m.  Denison  Robinson  of  Hardwick,  and  d.  at 
Windsor,  Mass.,  5  July  1798;  Robert,  b.  2  Oct  1748,  a  physician  in  Am- 
herst,  m.  wid.  Esther  Guernsey,  and  d.  10  Mar.  1835;  Prudence,  b.  18  Feb. 
1750,  m.  Joshua  Clark,  and  d.  17  Aug.  1782;  Dudley,  b.  1  July  1752,  m. 
Lydia  Howard,  and  d.  in  1838;  William,  b.  23  Dec.  1753,  a  physician  in  War- 
ren and  Hardwick,  m.  Rebecca  Cutler  of  Western  (now  Warren)  2  Nov.  1780, 
and  d.  9  Feb.  1832;  James,  b.  24  Sept.  1756,  d.  8  Oct.  1856;  Elizabeth,  b.  2 
June  1758,  d.  4  Nov.  1758;  Ebenezer,  b.  17  July  1759,  d.  unm.  26  June  1839; 
James,  b.  5  Sept.  1761,  d.  27  Mar.  1768;  Amos,  b.  11  Oct.  1763,  d.  15  Ap. 
1764;  Elizabeth,  b.  2  May  1766,  m.  Benjamin  Harwood,  and  d.  in  Nov.  1849; 
Alice,  b.  23  Nov.  1768,  m.  Jairus  Howard,  and  d.  29  June  1811;  Samuel,  b. 
16  Ap.  1771,  d.  7  May  1771 ;  James,  b.  23  May  1772,  d.  3  Oct.  1773. 

CUTTKR,  ELIZABETH,  a  widow  aged  87  years,  executed  a  will,  dated  16 
Feb.  1662-3,  proved  5  Ap.  1664,  in  which  she  declares  herself  to  have  resided 
for  about  twenty  years  with  her  dau.  Barbary,  w.  of  Elijah  Corlett.  She  had 
three  children  who  resided  here  :  William;  Richard ;  and  Barbary,  m.  Elijah 
Corlett. 

2.  WILLIAM,   s.  of  Elizabeth  (1),  about  1638,  owned   and   occupied   the 
estate  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets.     He  returned  to 
England,  and  in  1653  resided  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne ;  at  which  date  he  em- 
powered Edward  Goffe,  Elijah  Corlett,  and  Thomas  Sweetman,  of  Camb.,  and 
Robert  Hale  of  Chs.  to  collect  debts  d.ue  to  him  in  New  England.     He  prob- 
ably d.  without  children;  for  Richard  Cutter,  by  deed  dated  10  June  1693  (six 
days  previous  to  his  own  death),  conveyed  to  his  son  William  a  house  and  lot 
in  Camb.  describing  the  premises  as  "  formerly  the  right  and  proper  estate  of 
William  Cutter,  my  brother,  deceased,  and  from  him  descended  to  me  as  my 
lawful  right  of  inheritance." 

3.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Elizabeth  (1),  probably  came  here,  when  a  minor,  with 

his  mother.     He  m.  Elizabeth ,  who  d.  5  Mar.  1661-2,  and  he  m.  Frances, 

wid.  of  Isaac  Amsden,  14  Feb.  1662-3.     His  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  15  July 
1645,  d.  10  Jan.  1663-4;  Samuel,  b.  3  Jan.  1646-7  ;   Thomas,  b.  19  July  1648, 
d.  young;    William,  b.  22  Feb.  1649-50;  Ephraim,  bap.  here;   Gershom,  bap. 
here;  Marah,   bap.  here,  m. Sanger;  Nathaniel,  b.  11  Dec.  1663;   Re- 
becca, b.  5  Sept.  1665,  m.  Thomas  Fillebrown    19  Dec.  1688;  llepzibah,  b.  11 

Nov.  1667,  d.   27   Feb.   1667-8;    Elizabeth,  b.  1    Mar.  1668-9,  m. Hall; 

Hepzibah,  b.  15  Aug.  1671 ;   Sarah,  b.  31   Aug.  1673  ;    Ruhamah,  b. ;  the 

last   three  are  named  as  unmarried,  in  their  father's  will,  1693.     RICHARD 
the  f.  d.  16  June  1693,  a.  "about  72."    His  w.  Frances  probably  d.  1725, 
when  an  additional  inventory  was  taken  of  his  estate. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard  (3),  was  unm.  at  the  time  of  his  father's  decease, 
and  prob.  d.  without  posterity. 

5.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Richard  (3),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  John  Rolfe,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.   5  Mar.   1680-81,  m.   John  Harrington;    Richard,   b.    13   Nov. 
1682;  Mary,  b.  26  Jan.  1684-5,  d.  6  Ap.  1685;   Hannah,  b.   20  May  1688,  m. 
Ephraim  Winship  17  June  1708;  John,  b.  15  Oct.  1690;  Rebecca,  b.  1693,  m. 
Joseph  Adams,  18  Jan.  1710-11,  d.  12  Jan.  1717-18:  William,  b.  1697;  Sam- 
uel, b.  14  June  1700;  Sarah,  bap.  18  Oct.  1702,  m.  Ebenezer  Cutter  19  July 


522  CUTTER. 

1722;  Ammi  Ruhamah,  bap.  6  May  1705.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  1  Ap.  1723,  a 
73.  His  w.  Rebecca  m.  Deac.  John  Whitmore,  3  June  1724,  and  d.  13  Nov. 
1751,  a.  89.  Mr.  Cutter  resided  in  Menotomy,  not  far  from  the  present  centre 
of  Arlington.  In  1685  he  purchased  of  John  Rolfe  the  mill  formerly  called 
"  Cook's  Mill,"  which  long  remained  in  his  family,  and  is  known  as  "  Cut- 
ter's Mill." 

6.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Richard  (3),  m.  Bethia  Wood  11  Feb.  1678-9,  and  had 
in  Chs.  Ephraim,  b.  9  Aug.  1680;  in  Camb.  Jonathan,  b.  5  May  1685  ;  Bethia, 
b.   2  Dec.   1686;  Mary,  b.   29  Mar.  1689,  d.   27  Jan.   1696-7;   and  at  Wat. 

Hannah,  22  July  1690;  Abigail,  b.  1693,  d.  26  Nov.  1702;   George,  b.  ; 

John,  b.  23  July  1 700.     EPHRAIM  the  f .  was  a  glazier,  and  res.  successively 
in  Chs.,  Camb.  (at  the  N.  E.  cor.  of  Dunster  and  South  streets),  and  Wat., 
where  he  was  living  in  1729,  and  where  his  w.  Bethia  d.  18  Sept.  1731,  a.  71. 

7.  GKRSHOM,  s.  of  Richard  (3),  m.  Lydia  Hall  6  Mar.  1677-8,  and  had 
Gershom,  b.  1  June  1679;  Lydia,  b.  14  Sept.  1682,  m.  Jonathan  Hall  of  Medf. 
11  Nov.   1702,  and  d.   1   Jan.  1754;  Hannah,  b.   26  Nov.  1684,   m.  Thomas 
Hall  of  Medf.   22  Dec.   1702;    and  d.  in   1705;  Isabel,  b.   9  May  1687,  m. 
Thomas  Fillebrown,  Jr.,  9  Dec.  1713.     GERSHOM  the  f.  res.  in  Menotomy, 
was  a  soldier  in  Philip's  War,  1675,  and  d.  2  Ap.  1738,  "  in  the  85th  year  of 
his  age,"  as  inscribed  on  his  gravestone. 

8.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Richard  (3),  m.  Mary  Fillebrown  8  Oct.  1688;  she 
d.  14  Mar.  1713-14,  a.  52,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth .     His  children  were  Na- 
thaniel ;  Jacob;  Mary  (last  two  bap.   24  July  1698);  Ebenezer,  bap.  2  July 
1699;  John,  bap.  23  Ap.  1704;  Richard,  bap.  21  Oct.  1716,  d.  6  Aug.  1717; 
Elizabeth,  bap.  26  Jan.  1717-18,  m.  John  Williams  of  Groton  5  May  1741. 

9.  RICHARD,  s.  of  William  (5),  was  a  mill-wright,  and  removed  to  Wood- 
bridge,  N.  J.,  where  he  d.  17  Dec.  1756. 

10.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (5),  m.  Lydia  Harrington,  and  had  Lydia,  b.  13  Ap. 
1710,  m.  Seth  Reed  ;  Rebecca,  b.  13  July  1712,  m.  Zechariah  Hill  10  Feb. 
1731-2,  and  Samuel  Carter  11  Dec.  1770;  Hannah,  b.  14  June  1715,  m.  John 
Brooks;  Mary,  b.  1  June  1717,  pub.  Ephraim  Frost,  Jr.,  16  Mar.  1739,  and  d. 
20  Oct.  1805,  a.  88  ;  John,  b.  13  June  1720;  Abigail,  b.  21  Ap.  1722,  m.  Sam- 
uel Frost  19  Feb.  1741;  Richard,  b.  9  Mar.  1725-6;  Thomas,  b.  2  Nov.  1727, 
d.  21  May  1737;  Martha,  b.  31  Mar.  1731,  m.  Jonathan  Stone  21  May  1747; 
Ammi,  b.  4  Nov.  1733;  Ruhamah,  twin  with  Ammi,  b.  4  Nov.  1733,  d.  7  June 
1737.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  church  in  Me- 
notomy at  its  organization  in  1739,  and  d.  21  Jan.  1776,  a.  85;  his  w.  Lydia  d. 
7  Jan.  1754,  a.  64.     On  his  gravestone  is  this  inscription  :  "His  surviving 
children,  8;  grand-children,  68;  great  grand-children,  115;  of  the  fifth  gen- 
eration, 3." 

11.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (5),  appears  to  have  HI.  Ann ,  much  older 

than  himself,  by  whom  he  had  s.  Jonathan,  b.  2  June  1726.     WILLIAM  the  f. 
d.  16  Nov.  1756,  a.  59  ;  his  w.  Ann  d.  19  May  1753,  a.  70. 

12.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (5),  in.  Anne  Harrington  10  Nov.  1720,  and  had 
William,  b.   10  Sept.  1721,  d.  27  Ap.  1737;  Esther,  b.  15  Feb.  1722-3,  m. 
Stephen  Prentice;  Samuel,  bap.  31  Mar.  1728;  Ann,  bap.  8  Feb.  1729-30,  m. 
Walter  Dickson  3  May  1750;  Rebecca,  bap.  12  Mar.  1731-2,  m.  Jason  Dunster 
26  Oct.  1749;  Hannah,  b.  1733;  John,  b.  1735.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  in 
Chs.  after  1724,  and  d.  29  Sept.  1737,  a.  37  ;  on  the  division  of  his  estate,  1744, 
all  the  before  named  children  were  living  ;  his  wid.  Anne  had  then  m.  Na- 
thaniel Francis  of  Medford. 

13.  AMMI  RUHAMAH,  s.  of  William  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1725,  was  ordained 
at  North  Yarmouth  8  Nov.  1730,  dismissed  in  1735  on  account  of  Arminianism ; 
afterwards  practised  as  a  physician,  was  a  captain,  and  died  at  Louisburg 
during  the  military  expedition  in  1746.     His  son  Ammi  Ruhamah  grad.  H.  C. 
1752,  and  was  an  eminent  physician  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  where  he  d.  1820. 
Charles  Cutter,  son  of  the  last  named,  a  sophomore  in  H.  C.,  was  drowned 
here  22  Oct.  1779,  a.  16. 

14.  JOHN,   s.  of  Ephraim  (6),  m.  Rachel  Powers,  and  had,   at  Woburn, 
Rachel,  b.  9  May  1724  ;  John,  b.  9  Jan.  1726-7;  Jonathan,  b.  2  Mar.  1728-9; 


CUTTER.  523 

David,  b.  4  Dec.  1730;  Nathan,  b.  13  Mar.  1733-4;  and  at  Lex.  Abigail, 
b.  15  Aug.  1735;  Benjamin,  b.  29  Ap  1738,  d.  24  Nov.  1740;  Elizabeth,  b.  24 
May  1741 ;  Benjamin,  b.  27  Jan.  1744-5.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  glazier,  and  re- 
sided in  Woburn  and  in  Lex.,  where  he  d.  20  Nov.  1747,  a.  47;  his  w.  Rachel 
m.  Barnabas  Davis. 

15.  GERSHOM,  s.  of  Gershom  (7),  m.  Mehetabel  Abbott  11  June  1701,  and 
had   Thomas,  b.  8  May  1702,  d.  25  Oct.  1727;   Gershom,  b.  13  Jan.  1703-4; 
George,  b.  7  Oct.  1705  ;  Hannah,  b.  29  Dec.  1707,  m.  Thomas  Eminons  17  Nov. 
1726  ;  Mehetabel,  bap.   9  Oct.  1709,  m.  Ephraim  Winship  of  Lex.   28  Aug. 
1735;  Lydia,  bap.  29  Mar.  1713,  m.  John  Whitmore  24  June  1735;  Sarah, 
bap.  31  Oct.  1714;  Richard,  bap.  22  Jan.  1715-16;  Nehemiah,  bap.  14  Ap. 
1717  ;  Isabel,  bap.  25  Jan.  1718-19,  m.  Jonathan  Winship  1  Oct.  1741 ;  Aaron, 
bap.   24  June  1722;   Thomas,  bap.  17  Nov.  1728.     GERSHOM  the  f.  was  a 
farmer,  resided  in  Menotomy,  and  d.  7  July  1753,  a.  74  ;  his  w.  Mehetabel 
d.  28  Mar.  1757,  a.  78. 

16.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (8),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Joseph  Winship, 

11  Dec.  1712;  shed,  before  16  June  1726,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth .     His 

children  were  Joseph,  b.  19  Jan.  1713-14,  d.  4   May  1714;  Mary,  b.  25  Nov. 
1715,  pub.  Peter  Fassett  of  Bedford  4  Mar.  1737;  Nathaniel,  b.  31  July  1731 ; 
Josiah,  bap.  17  Mar.  1733-4. 

17.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (8),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Wm.  Cutter,  19  July 
1722.  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  14  July  1723,  m.  James  Blanchard;  Ebenezer,  bap. 
15  May  1726;  Mary,  bap.  25  Mar.   1728,  m.   Timothy  Hall;  Susanna,  bap.  5 
Ap.  1730,  d.  young;  Daniel,  bap.  29  Ap.  1733  ;  Susanna,  bap.  30  Nov.  1735; 
Rebecca,  bap.  5  Feb.  1737-8,  pub.  Thomas  Hall,  Jr.,  17  Sept.  1756;  Abigail. 
EBENEZER  the  f.  resided  for  some  time  in  Medf.  where  he  d.  29  June  1750; 
his  w.  Sarah  survived. 

18.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (10),  m.  Lucy  Adams  21  May  1745,  but  had  no  chil- 
dren.   He  resided  in  Menotomy,  d.  12  Feb.  1797,  a.  77,  and  devised  his  estate 
by  will   (which  was  disallowed),  to  w.  Lucy,  nephews  John  Frost  and  Samuel 
Kent,  except  $5,000  for  a  free  school  in  Menotomy.     His  w.  Lucy  d.  17  Ap. 
1810,  a.  87. 

19.  RICHARD,  s.  of  John  (10),  m.  Kezia  Peirce  (pub.  3  July  1747),  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  29  May  1748;  Ruhamah,  b.  6  Mar.  1750;  Kezia,  b.  10  Oct.  1751; 
Hannah,  b.  16  Jan.  1754;  Richard,  b.  25  Mar.  1756;  Seth,  bap.  16  Ap.  1758; 
Susanna,  b.  14  Oct.   1760;  Rhoda,  b.  4  Dec.   1762;  Lucy,b.  19  June  1765; 
John,  b.  14  Ap.  1767. 

20.  AMMI,  s.  of  John   (10),  m.  Esther  Peirce  of  Woburn   (pub.  11  May 
1751);  she  d.  8  Jan.  1772,  a.  39,  and  he  m.  Abigail  Holden  of  Charlestown 

12  Nov.  1772;  she  d.  in  childbed  (child  still-born)   29  June  1773,  a.  29  ;  and 
he  m.  Hannah  Holden,  sister  to  his  former  wife,  27  Oct.  1774.     As  the  dates 
show,  he  was  less  than  eighteen  years  old  at  his  first  marriage;  and  from  this 
time  until  a  few  months  previous   to  his  death,  children  were  born  to  him 
abundantly,  —  ten  by  the  first  wife,  and  ten  by  the  third;  of  which  number, 
seventeen  survived  him;  and,  though  he  died  at  the  age  of  62  years,  he  had 
then  46  living  grandchildren.     His  children  were  Esther,  b.  10  Nov.  1751,  d. 
18  Dec.   1751;  John,  b.  25  Oct.  1753;  Ammi,  b.  22  Oct.    1755;  Lydia,b.  26 
Oct.  1757,  m.  Jonathan  Teel  of  Medford  7  Ap.  1776;  James,  b.  14  Dec.  1759; 
Benjamin,\).  1  Nov.  1761  ;  Jonas,  b.  13  Oct.  1763;  Esther  Ruhamah,  b.  27  Sept. 
1765,  m.  Ebenezer  Hall  26  Mar.  1786;  Ephraim,  b.  31  Oct.  1767;  Frances,  b. 
30  Dec.  1769,  m.  Walter  Russell  26  June  1788;  Joshua,  b.  1  Dec.  1774,  d,  7 
Dec.  1776;  Thomas,  b.  1  Nov.  1776,  d.  25  Nov.  1795;  Joshua,  b.  20  Mar.  1779; 
Abigail,  b.  25  Mar.  1781;  Hannah,  b.  24  Oct.  1783,  d.  young;  Rebecca,  b.  24 
May  17.86;  Simon,  b.  17  Ap.  1788;  Hannah,  b.  29  July  1790;  Artemas,  b.  16 
Aug.  1792;  Abiel,  b.  29  Aug.  1794.     AMMI  the  f.  d.  20  Ap.  1795,  a.  62;  his  w. 
Hannah  d.  23  Aug.  1801,  a.  48.     He  owned  the  mill  which  had  long  been  in 
the  Cutter  family,  and  transmitted  it  to  his  posterity. 

21.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  William  (11),  m.  Anne  Jennings  23  Nov.  1749,  and 
had  William,  b.  15  Feb.  1751;   Anne,  b.  28  Mar.  1753,  d.  29  Oct.  1754;  Anne, 
b.  6  Ap.  1755;  Rebecca,  b.  4  Oct.  1757;  Mary,  b.  7  May  1760,  in.  Benj.  Rich- 


524  CUTTER. 

ardson  16  Feb.  1783;  Jonathan,  b.  19  Oct.  1762;  Mehetabel,  b.  25  Dec. 
1765,  d.  3  Mar.  1809;  Solomon,  b.  23  Ap.  1769.  JONATHAN  the  f.  d.  24  Ap. 
1770,  a.  44;  his  w.  Anne  d.  29  Ap.  1797,  a.  67. 

22.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (12),  m.  Susanna  Francis  of  Medf.  28  Ap.  1757, 
and  had  Samuel,  bap.  26  Feb.   1758;   William,  bap.  22  July  1759;  Susanna, 
bap.  15  May  1761,  m.  Thomas  Whittemore  16  Nov.  1783;  Francis,  b.  17  Ap. 
1763;  Ezekiel,  b.  24  Dec.  1764;  Ebenezer,b.  31  Dec.  1766  ;  Abigail,  b.  19  Jan. 
1769,  m.   Samuel  Cutter  21   Jan.   1787;  Anne,  b.  25  June   1771,  m.  William 
Whittemore,  Jr.,   2  Feb.  1796;  Adam,  b.  13  Ap.  1773;  Edward,  b.  9  June 
1775,  d.  2  Aug.   1778;    Washington,  b.  18  June,  1777,  m.  Elizabeth  Robbins 
16  Mar.  1800;  she  prob.  d.  10  July  1817,  a.  39.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  7  Ap.  1791; 
his  w.  Susanna  d.  19  Dec.  1817,  a.  86. 

23.  GERSHOM,  s.  of  Gershom  (15),  m.  Anna  Fillebrown  13  Feb.   1728-9, 
and   had    Thomas,  b.  9  Jan.   1729-30;  Anna,  b.   13  Nov.  1731,  m.   Thomas 
Whittemore  1   Feb.  1753;    Gershom,  b.  19  Feb.  1733-4;   James,  b.   31  Jan. 
1735-6,  d.  16  July  1738;  John,  b.  26  Sept.  1737;  Mehetabel,  b.  6  Feb.  1739-40, 
d.  29  Nov.  1750;  James,  b.  28  Mar.  1742;  Sarah,  b.  27  Sept.  1744,  m.  Joshua 
Swan  20  July  1762,  d.  before  15  Oct.  1777,  leaving  children;  Elizabeth,  b.  20 
Jan.  1746-7,  d.  24  Nov.  1750;  Stephen,  b.  26  Ap.  1750;  Amos,  b.  7  Aug.  1752, 
d.  21  Dec.  1753.     GERSHOM  the  f.  d.  of  jaundice  10  Dec.    1777,  a.   74;  his 
w.  Anna  and  six  children  survived. 

24.  GEORGE,  s.  of  Gershom   (15),  m.  Jane  Butterfield  20  July  1729,  and 
had   Hannah,  bap.   1   Mar.   1729-30,   d.  young;  Jane,  bap.  17  Jan.  1731-2; 
George,  bap.  21  Jan.  1732-3  ;    Hannah,  bap.  20  July  1740;    Isabel,  b.  18  June 
1742;   Jonathan,  b.  30  Aug.  1744,  d.  19  Aug.  1747  ;   Phebe,  b.  12  Mar.  1746-7; 
Jonathan,  b.  6  Oct.  1749,  d.  11   Sept.  1751.     Jane,  wife  of  George  Cutter,  d.  7 
May  1776,  a.  69. 

25.  AAROX,  s.  of  Gershom  (15),  m.  Mary  Moore   1  Ap.    1745,  and  had 
Aaron,  b.  (apparently  before  the  marriage)  15  Mar.  1744-5;  Mary,  b.  22  Oct. 
1746,  d.  (felo  de  se)  11  May  1809,  a.  about  63;  Thomas,  b.  17  May  1749,  d. 
(drowned)   21  Oct.  1751  ;  Lydia,  b.  1  Feb.  1750-51,  m.  John  Bowers  21   Jan. 
1773;   Thomas,  b.  21    Sept.   1753;   Charles,  b.  4  Oct.   1757;   Isaac,  b.  17  July 
1760,  m.  Sarah  Bucknam  23  July  1784,  and  d.  14  Sept.  1819,  a.  59;  Amos,  b. 
26  May  1762,  d.  27  Sept.  1818,  a.  56;  Benjamin,  b.  10  Ap.  1766,  d.  26   Sept. 
1812,  a.  46,  and  his  wid.  Anna  d.  Mar.  1842,  a.  76;  Robert,  b.  25  June  1768. 
AARON  the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  d.  9  July  1768,  a.  47;  his  w.  Mary  d.  27 
Sept.  1793. 

26.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (17),  m.  Patience  Hall  18  Nov.  1756,  at  which 
time  he  resided  in  Medf.     They  may  have  been  the  parents  of  Jacob,  b.  23 
May  1774,  and  Isaac,  b.  10  Feb.  1777,  d.  28  June  1778,  in  Menotomy  Parish. 

27.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Richard  (19),  m.  Miriam  Brown  25  May  1781,  and  had 
Hannah,  b.   29  Dec.   1782;  Elizabeth  Meriam,  b.  30  Sept.  1784;  Mary,  b.  25 
Dec.  1786,  m.  Joseph  Bird  of  Watertown  ;  Charles,  b.  10  Jan.  1788;  Leonard, 
b.  11  Mar.  1791,  and  perhaps  others. 

28.  JOHN,  s.  of  Ammi  (20),    m.  Lucy  Adams  4  Feb.  1777,  and  d.  7  June 
1811,  a.  58. 

%29.  AMMI,  s.  of  Ammi  (20),  m.  Esther  Winship  6  Feb.  1776,  and  had 
Ammi,  b.  7  Sept.  1777  ;  Edward,  b.  22  Mar.  1780;  James,  b.  6  Oct.  1782; 
Esther,}).  25  Dec.  1784,  d.  young;  Esther,  b.  2  Nov.  1786;  Charlotte,  b.  11 
Oct.  1789;  Amos  (d.  young)  and  Hannah,  twins,  b.  29  Aug.  1792;  Amos,  b. 
14  Aug.  1794. 

30.  JAMES,    s.  of  Ammi  (20),  m.  Anna  Harrington  Russell  11  Aug.  1785. 
She  d.  14  Dec.  1806,  a.  41,  and  he  m.  Mehetabel  Cutter,  who  d.  1  Mar.  1809, 
a.  43.     His  children  were  James,  bap.  28  Sept.  1788;  Seth  Russell,  ibap.   13 
June  1790,  d.  15  Feb.  1796;  Benjamin,  bap.  19  Feb.  1792,  d.  19  Dec.  1819; 
Cyrus,   bap.  23  Feb.  1794;  Anna,  bap.  7  Feb.   1796;  Mahala,  bap.  26  Nov. 
1797;    Seth  Russell,  bap.   16   Feb.  1800;   Either  Peirce,  bap.  13    Dec.  1801. 
JAMES  the  f.  d.  15  Dec.  1823,  a,  64. 

31.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Ammi  (20),  m.  Elizabeth  Wyeth  6  Mar.  1785,  and  d. 
7  Mar.  1824;  his  w.  d.  15  Ap.  1842.     No  children. 


CUTTER.  525 

32.  JONAS,  s.  of  Ammi  (20),  in.  Lydia  Frost  19  Oct.  1786,  and  had  Lydia, 
b.  24  Ap.  1787,  m.   Nehemiah  Mason  16  Oct.  1803;  Esther  Peirce,  b.  15  Ap. 
1789,  m.  Jonas  Gleason  31  Oct.  1805;  Jonas,  bap.  21   Aug.  1791,  d.  -_>2  Oct. 
1795;  Pamela,  b.  25  Feb.  1794;  Ephraim  Frost,  bap.  1  Jan.  1797;  Louisa,  b.  9 
Jan.  1800,  d.  14  Jan.  1800;  Jonas,  b.  17  Aug.  1801,  d.  3  Mar.  1840;  Albert, 
b.  4  Jan.  1805;  and  perhaps  others.     JONAS  the  f.  d.  29  July  1844;  his  w. 
Lydia  d.  7  Dec.  1858,  a.  90. 

33.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ammi  (20),  m.  Deborah  Locke  13  Mar.  1791,  and  had 
Deborah,  b.  18  June  1791,  d.  7   Sept.    1802;  Fanny,  b    25  July  1792,  d.   26 
Sept.  1795;  Anna,  b.   7    Sept.  1793,  m.   Jona.    Benjamin  8  Sept.    1816,  and 
Peter  Tufts  of  Camb.  17  May  1825;   Ephraim,  b.  2  Dec.  1794,  d.  4  Ap.  1826; 
Esther  Peirce,  b.  28  Ap.  1796,  d.  29  June  1798;  Ammi,  b.  5  Aug.  1797  ;  Sam- 
uel Locke,  bap.  19  Jan.  1800,  d.  1   Sept.  1802;  Benjamin,  bap. 13  Sept.  1801, 
d.  8  Sept.  1802;  Benjamin,  bap.  12  June  1803,  a  physician  in  Wob.,  d.  9  Mar. 
1864;    Helen,  bap.   2    Sept.    1804;    Samuel  Locke,  bap.  23    Nov.   1806,  d.  in 
Cambridgeport  20  June  1871 ;  Eliza  Ann,  bap.  9  Ap.  1809;  Joseph,  bap.  25  Nov. 
1810;  d.  23  Aug.  1811.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  was  elected  Deac.  of  the  church  in 
West  Camb.  about  1819,  and  d.  31  Mar.  1841,  a.  75;  his  w.  Deborah  d.  29 
Jan.  1823,  a.  50. 

34.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Jonathan  (21),  m.  Mary  Blackman  6  Nov.  1774,  and  d. 
11  June  1824,  a.  74;  his  w.  Mary  d.  9  Mar.  1836,  a  80.     A  granite  monument 
was  erected  by  the  town  of  West  Camb.  to  commemorate  their  donation  of 
the  "  School  Fund." 

35.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (21),  m.  Lydia  Trask  of  Lex.  15  Sept.  1788, 
ami  had  a  child,  b.  28  Mar.  1789,  d.  2  Ap.  1789  ;  Jonathan  Trash,  bap.  31  July 
1791;  William,  bap.  6  Oct.  1793;  David  Cummings,  bap.  21  June  1795;  Lydia, 
bap.  12  May  1798  ;  Bitty,  bap.  15  Feb.  1801. 

36.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Jonathan  (21),  m.  Sarah  Wyman  of   Wob.  30  June 
1793,  and  removed  from  the  town. 

37.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (22),  m.  Rebecca  Hill  29  Sept.  1780,  and  had 
Samuel,   bap.  25  Mar.   1781;  Edward,   b.  3  Jan.   1783;  Rebecca,  b.  20  Jan. 
1786;   Sukey  Francis,  bap.  24  May  1789;  Fitch,  bap.   17  Ap.  1791;    Sophia, 
bap.  2  Feb.  1794;  Ebenezer,  b.  12  Ap.  1796,  d.  22  Ap.  1796;  Anna,  b.  and  d. 
23  May  1799;  Ebenezer  Francis,  b.  13  Mar.  1801. 

38.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Samuel  (22),  m.    Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Cutter,  29 
Ap.  1783,  and  Lydia,  widow  of  Jonathan  Cutter,  9  Nov.  1818.     He  d.  at  West 
Camb.  28  Nov.  1846. 

39.  FKANCIS,  s.  of  Samuel  (22),  m.  Susanna  Whittemore  29  Dec.  1782, 
and  had  a  child,  b.  and  d.  28  Ap.  1783;  Francis  (over  21  years  old,  and  non 
compos,  in  1807);  Eliot  and  Sukey,  both  bap.  3  Jan.  1790;  and  perhaps  others. 
FRANCIS  the  f.  d.  (felo  de  se)  6  Mar.  1807,  a.  44;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  24  Sept. 
1805,  a.  42. 

40.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Samuel  (22),  m.  Abigail  Brown  Bowman  6  Dec.  1789, 
and  Anna  Frost  14  Nov.  1781.     He  d.  10  Dec.  1824. 

41.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Gershom  (23),  m.  Hannah  Whittemore  19  July  1757, 
and  had  Hannah,  bap.  10  Dec.  1758,  d.  unm.  27  July  1783;  Mehetabel,  b.  23 
June  1760,  d.  1  May  177J;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  July  1762;   Thomas,  b.  26  June 
1764;  James,  b.  16  Mar.  1766;  Marshall,  b.  7   Mar.  1768;  Eunice,  b.    10  Ap. 
1770;   Abijah,  b.  11  July   1772,  d.  16   Oct.  1772;  Abijah,  b.  27  Aug.   1773,  d. 
13  Nov.  1773.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  17  May  1782,  a.  52. 

42.  GERSHOM,  s.  of  Gershom  (23),  m.  Rebecca  Crosby  15  Mar.  1757,  and 
had   Gershom,  b.  6  Nov.  1757,  a  very  skilful  inventor  and  machinist;  he  d. 
(felodese)  20  Aug.  1799;  Rebecca,  b.  1  Aug.  1760;  Amos,  b.  15  Feb.  1763; 
Hannah,  b.  17   Mar.  1768;  Rhoda,  b.  12  July  1770;  Aaron,  b.  4  June   1772; 
Susanna,  b.  27  Oct.  1774,  m.  John  Adams,  Jr.,  5  Ap.  1798;  Sarah,  b.  20  May 
1778,  m.  Nathan  Locke  14  Nov.  1797.     GERSHOM  the  f.  d.  20  Ap.  1807;  his 
w.  Rebecca  d.  12  Dec.  1817,  a.  80. 

43.  JOHN,  s.  of  Gershom  (23),  m.  Rebecca  Hill  24  Jan.  1765,  and  had  Re- 
becca, b.  26   July  1765,  m.  William   Cutter   21   June  1789;   Anna,  b.  16  Aug. 
1767;  John,  b.  26  July  1770;  Zechariah,  b.  8  Feb.  1773;  Elizabeth,  b.  25  Mar. 
1775;  and  perhaps  others. 


526  CUTTER  — DANA. 

44.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Gershom  (23),  m.  Mary  Meads  of  Medf.  8  Oct.  1776, 
and  d.  without  children  13  Ap.  1816,  a.  66.     His  w.  Mary  d.  18  Aug.  1836, 

a.  83. 

45.  GEORGE,  s.  of  George  (24),  m.  Sarah  Bobbins  21   Oct.  1  756,  and  had 
Jonathan,  b.  18  June  1757,  m.  Mary  Locke  20  Nov.  1777;  Joseph,  bap.  22  Ap. 
1759;  Sarah,  bap.  2  Aug.  1761. 

46.  AARON,  s.  of  Aaron  (25),  m.  Abigail  Bowman  17  Dec.  1772,  and  had 
Aaron,  b.  28  Ap.  1774.     AARON  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  d.  about  1776.     His 
w.  Abigail  survived,  and  m.  Thomas  Goodwin  of  Chs.  24  Dec.  1776. 

47.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Aaron  (25),  m.  Elizabeth  Brown  15  Oct.  1780,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  5  Oct.  1781,  d.  23  May  1818;  Aaron,  b.  14  Sept.  1783,  d.  22  June 
1786;  Lewis,  b.  20  Nov.  1785;   Oliver,  b.  21  June  1787;  Sounders,  b.  13  Mar. 
1789;  Betsey,  b.  21  Jan.  1791. 

48.  CHARLES,  s.  of  Aaron  (25),  m.  Sarah  Bobbins  9  Nov.  1784,  and  d.  12 
Dec.  1840,  a.  83.     His  w.  Sarah  d.  9  Feb.  1840,  a.  84. 

49.  AARON,  s.  of  Gershom   (42),  m.   Polly  Putnam  of  Medford   23  Aug. 
1796,  and  had  Rhoda,  b.  31  Mar.   1797;  Maria,  b.  22  Ap.  1798;  Gershom,  b. 
12  Mar.   1800;   Aaron  Burr,  b.  10  Dec.    1801;  Jefferson,  b.  22   Sept.    1803. 
AARON  the  f.  d.  25  Dec.  1822,  a.  50. 

50.  NEHEMIAH,  s.  of  Gershorn  (15),  m.  Martha  Bowman  17  July  1739,  and 
had  Samuel,  bap.  20  July  1740;  Martha,  b.  1  Nov.   1742,  m.   Henry  Luckis 
12  Feb.  1767;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  Feb.   1743-4;  Joseph,  b.  21   Sept,  1745,  d.  23 
Dec.  1749;  William,  b.  14  Ap.  1748,  d.  9  Oct.  1788;  Sarah,  b  14  Feb.  1  749-50, 
m.  James  Foster  of  Boston  26  Nov.  1773;  Joseph,  b.  23  Dec.  1751;  Nehemiah, 

b.  3  June  1753;  Mehetabel,  b.  28  Ap.  1755,  pub.  Thomas   Hopkins  of  Boston 
19  Dec.  1778;  Andreic,  b.  9  Feb.  1757,  m.  Rebecca  Cutter  15   Nov.   1779. 
NEHEMIAH  the  f.  d.  12  Sept.  1798,  a.  81;  his  w.  Martha  d.  1  July  1790,  a.  75. 

51.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nehemiah  (50),  m.  Hannah  Hartwell  of  Charlestown    1 
Dec.   1760,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  1  Dec.   1760  (on  the  day  of  marriage),  m. 
Abigail  Cutter  21  Jan.  1787;  Hannah,  b.  18  July  1763;  Elizabeth   (twin  with 
Hannah),  b.  18  July  1763;  Mary  Bowman,  b.  13  Mar.  1766.     SAMUEL  the  f. 
d.  8  April  1791. 

52.  NEHEMIAH,  s.  of  Nehemiah  (50),  m.  Deborah  Hill  30  Oct.  1781,  and 
had  Nehemiah,  b.  26  Mar.  1782,  m.   Hannah  Packard  24   Nov.    1808,  d.  11 
Dec.  1864;  Deborah,  b.  19  Oct.  1783,  d.  unm.  14  May  1842;  Sarah,  bap.  7 
Jan.  1786,  m.  William  Dickson,  Jr.,  3  Feb.  1819,  d.  5  Oct.  1855;  Elijah,  bnp. 
11  May  1788;  Asa,  bap.  31  Jan.  1790,  m.  Susan  Rand  9  Jan.  1820,  d.  2  Mar. 
1866;  Rebecca,  bap.  20  May  1792,  m.  Benjamin  Rand  3  Feb.  1817,  d.  8  Aug. 
1873;  Ezra,  bap.  23  Mar.  1794;  Leander,  bap.  13  Dec.  1795;  Alpheus,  bap.  8 
April  1798;  Maria,  bap.  26  Jan.  1800.     NEHEMIAH  the  f.  d.  3  May  1828;  his 
w.  Deborah  d.  28  May  1824,  a.  68. 

The  Cutter  family  has  resided  principally  in  Menotomy,  now  Arlington,  and 
in  the  adjoining  sections  of  Charlestown  (or  Somerville)  and  Medford.  So 
numerous  are  its  branches,  and  such  a  similarity  of  names  occurs  in  the  fam- 
ilies, that  it  is  very  possible  some  mistakes  may  be  found  in  the  preceding 
arrangement.  Fora  very  full  genealogy,  see  "  A  History  of  the  Cutter  Family 
of  New  England,"  compiled  by  Dr.  Benjamin  Cutter,  and  revised  with  large 
additions  by  his  son  William  Richard  Cutter,  1871. 

DANA,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Danie,  and  Dany),  was  an  early  in- 
habitant, and  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  River.  He  m.  Ann  Bullard, 
and  had  John,  b.  15  Ap.  1649,  d.  12  Oct.  1649;  Hannah,  b.  8  July  1651,  m. 
Samuel  Oldham  5  Jan.  1670-71;  Samuel,  b.  13  Oct.  1653,  d.  8  Nov.  1653; 
Jacob,  b.  2  Feb.  1654;  Joseph,  b.  21  May  1654;  Abiah,  b.  21  May  1655;  d.  8 
Dec.  1668;  Benjamin,  b.  20  Feb.  1661-2;  Elizabeth,  b.  20  Feb.  1662-3,  m.  Danl. 
Woodward;  Daniel,  b.  20  Mar.  1663-4;  Deliverance,  b.  5  May  1667,  m.  Saml. 
Hides,  d.  1741;  Sarah,  b.  1  Jan.  1669-70,  d.  11  Jan.  1669-70.  Such  are  the 
dates  in  the  record ;  but  some  of  them  are  manifestly  wrong.  RICHARD  the  f. 
was  killed  bv  a  fall  from  his  scaffold,  2  Ap.  1690 ;  his  w.  Ann  d.  prob.  15  July 
1711. 

2.  JACOB,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  by  w.  Patience,  had  Jacob,  b.  12  Nov.  1679; 


DANA.  527 

• 

Hannah,  b.  25  Nov.  1685,  m.  Jonathan  Hides,  Jr.,  of  Newton  4  April  1706; 
Experience,  b.  1  Nov.  1687;  Samuel,  b.  7  Sept.  1694;  Abigail,  bap.  7  Feb. 
1696-7,  m.  Samuel  Griffin  9  Jan.  1716-17;  Jacoli,  b.  13  Aug.  1699.  JACOB 
the  f.  d.  24  Dec.  1698;  his  w.  Patience  prob.  d.  in  1711,  when  administration 
on  her  estate  was  granted. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  was  living  in  1690,  when  he  received  a  share 
of  his  father's  estate.     He  was  probably  the  same  who  d.  at  Concord,  1699  or 
1 700,  leaving  wife  Mary. 

4.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Mary  Buckmaster,  or  Buckminster,  24 
May  1688,  and  had  Benjamin,  b.  28   Ap.   1689;  Isaac,  bap.   10  Oct.   1697; 
Joseph,  b.  21  Feb.  1699-1700;  John,  b.  16  Aug.  1702,  d.  13  Sept.  1702;    Wil- 
liam, b.  11  Oct.  1703;  Anne,  b.  14  May  1705,  m.  Matthew  Davis  of  Pomfret 
17  Nov.  1726;  Sarah,  b.  14  May  1705,  m.  Gamaliel  Rogers   14  Ap.  1726; 

Jedediah,  b.    11  Feb.    1707-8;  Mary,  b. ,  d.  21  Oct.  1712,   and  perhaps 

others.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  d.  13 
Aug.  1738,  a.  78;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Joshua  Fuller  19  July  1742,  the  groom,  ac- 
cording to  Dr.  Appleton's  record,  being  in  the  87th  year  of  his  age,  and  the 
bride  in  her  75th;  she  prob.  d.  13  Feb.  1754. 

5.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Naomi  Croswell  of  Chs.  and  had  Thomas, 
named  in  his  father's  will;   Caleb,  bap.   13  June  1697;  Richard,  b.   26  June 
1700;  Naomi,  b.  7  Aug.  1702,  m.  Win.  Upham  of  Pomfret  21  June  1722,  and 
prob.  d.  before  1  742,  leaving  son  William;  Timothy,  b.  16  Ap.  1705,  d.  3  May 
1705;  Priscilla,  b.  10  Mar.  1705-6,  m.  Joseph  Hill  24  Aug.  1727,  and  Capt. 
Samuel  Gookin  15  May   1740;  she  d.   prob.   in  April   1785;  Ebenezer,  b.  12 
Dec.  1711  ;  Hepzibah,  bap.  24  Oct.  1714,  m.  Samuel  Hastings  8  May  1735;  a 
son  Daniel  d.  5  Dec.  1713.     DANIEL  the  f.  d.  10  Oct.  1749,  a.  8*5;  his  w. 
Naomi  d.  24  Feb.  1750,  aged  81. 

C.   SAMUEL,  s.  of  Jacob  (2),  m.  Abigail ;  she  d.  1  June  1718,  and  he 

m.  Susanna .     He  had  Nathaniel,  b.  1  Feb.  1716-17;  Susanna,  b.  10  Oct. 

1720;  and  perhaps  others. 

7.  JACOB,  prob.  s.  of  Jacob  (2),  perhaps  the  same  who  "  went  to  Pomfret, 
Conn.,  and  was  ancestor  to  the  late  Rev.  Joseph  Dana,  D.  D.,  two  of  whose 
sons,  Rev.  Daniel  Dana,  a  graduate  and  president  of  D.  C.,  and  Rev.  Samuel 
Dana,  were  ministers  of  Newburyport  and  Marblehead."     Farmer. 

8.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (4),  m.  Anna,  dau.  of  John  Francis  of  Medf. 
and  had  John,  b.  10  July  1725;  Anna,  b.  25  Nov.  1726,  d.  20  Ap.  1727;  Anna, 
b.  5  Mar.  1727-8,  m.  John  Kenrick  2  Mar.    1748-9;  Benjamin,  b.  10  Feb. 
1729-30,  d.  young;  Mary;  Benjamin,  b.  7  June  1734;  Francis,  b.  6  Feb.  1737; 
Stephen,  b.  1740  (in  his  12th  year,  16  Mar.  1752,  when  his  guardian  was  ap- 
pointed).    BENJAMIN  the  f.  was  a  captain,  and  d.  5  June  1751,  a.  62;  his  w. 
Anna  survived. 

9.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Benjamin  (4),  m.  Mary  Green  of  Maiden,  pub.  20  Feb. 
1735-6,  and   had  Jonathan,  b.   22  Mar.  1736-7;  Samuel,  b.  14  Jan.  1738-9; 
Benjamin,  b.  6  Ap.  1741;  Sarah,  b.  16  Ap.  1743,  m.  Moses  Robbins  31   Oct. 
1765;    William,  b.  29  Sept.  1745;  Mary,  b.  29  Feb.  1747-8;  Lucy,  b.  2  Ap. 
1750;  Josiah,  b.  19  Sept.  1752;  Ezra,  b.  29  Sept.  1755.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d. 
17  May  1770,  a.  67;  his  w.  Mary  d.  5  Mar.  1763,  a  44.     All  the  children  sur- 
vived. 

10.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Daniel  (5),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Capt.  Josiah  Parker,  22 
Jan.  1718-9;  and  had  Mary,  b.  27  Nov.  1719,  d.  unm.  17  Dec.  1740;  Susanna, 
b.  4   Aug.  1721;   Thomas,  b.  8  Aug.  1723;  Naomi,  b.  28  Aug.  1725,  d.  young; 
Daniel,b.  22  Oct.  1726;  Naomi,  bap.  12  Jan.  1728-9,  m.  Ebenezer  Frost,  Jr., 
21  Ap.  174X;  Elizabeth,  b.  7  Feb.  1730-1,  prob.  m.  Capt.  William  Angler  18 
Dec.  1760;  Ann,  b.  8  June  1733,  pub.  David  Wyman,  Woburn,  3  Nov.  1752; 
Richard,  b.  6  Aug.  1735;  Sarah,  b.  2  Sept.  1737,  in.  George  Lamb  of  Spring- 
field 1  Dec.  1757;  Silence,  b.  5  Oct.  1739,  prob.  d.  young.     THOMAS  the  f. 
d.  1752;  his  w.  Mary  d.  10  Oct.  1739. 

11.  CALEB,   s.  of  Daniel  (5),   m.  Phebe  Chandler  of  Andovcr,  and  had 
Caleb,  b.  20  Mar.  1726-7,  d.  6  Aug.  1727;  Phebe,  b.  12  July  1729,  m.  Henry 
Coolidge  12  Sept.  1747;  Priscilla,  b.  24  Aug.  1731;  Caleb,  bap.  13  Aug.  1733; 


528  DANA. 

• 

James,  bap.  18  May  1735;  George,  bap.  10  Oct.  1742,  and  was  living  in  Stow 
1769.  CALEB  the  f.  was  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  d.  28  April  1769;  his  w. 
Phebe  d.  in  Dec.  1772. 

12.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Daniel  (5),  in.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Thomas  Trowbridge,  31 
May  1737,  and  had  Lydia,  b.  at  Marblehead  14  April  1738,  d.  24  Sept.  1744; 
at  Charlestown,  Edmund,  b.  15  Nov.   1739;  Henry,  b.  12  Aug.  1741,  d.   14 
Mar.  1761;  Francis,  b.   13  June  1743;  Mary,  b.  2  Mar.    1744-5,  d.  12  Dec. 
1747;  Robert,  b.  13  April  1747,  d.   10  July  1748;  and  at  Boston,  Anne,  b.  14 
July  1749,  d.  4  Aug.  1749;  Mary,  b.  17  Feb.  1750-51,  d.  16  Aug.  1752;  Lydia, 
b.  26  Jan.  1755,  in.  John  Hastings  7  Dec.  1783,  and  d.  2  May  1808.     RICHARD 
the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1718,  was  Counsellor  and  Barrister  at  Law,  resided  several 
years  in  Charlestown  and  Boston,  a  zealous  patriot  during  the  Revolutionary 
period,  but  d.  17  May  1772,  before  the  commencement  of  hostilities;  his  w. 
Lydia  d.  at  Newton  7  April  1776,  a.  65. 

13.  JOHN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (8),  m.  Abigail  Smith  (pub.  6  May  1748),  and 
had  Abigail,  b.   8  May  1749;  Lydia,  b.   7   Sept.   1750;  Benjamin,  b.   24  Feb. 
1751-2;  Elizabeth,  bap.  18  Oct.  1754;  John,  b.  26  May  1756,  and  others. 

14.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (8),  m.  Eleanor  Brown  16  Sept.  1762,  and 
d.  15  Oct.  1822,  a.  82;  his  w.  d.  19  Nov.  1837,  a.  91.     They  left  no  posterity. 
Mr.  Dana  was  a  carpenter,  but  much  engaged  in  public  life.     He  was  Colonel 
of  Militia;  Justice  of  the  Peace;  Selectman  seven  years,  between  1776  and 
1794;  Representative  from  Camb.  four  years,  from  1778  to  1792,  and  from 
Brighton,  1806,  1808.    His  epitaph  well  describes  him  as  "a  prudent,  pleasant 
friend,  the  father,  legislator,  judge,  and  peace-maker  of  Brighton,  extensively 
useful,  and  greatly  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him." 

15.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (9),  grad.  H.  C.  1755;  was  settled  in  the  minis- 
try at  Groton  3  June  1761,  dismissed,  on  account  of  his  supposed  hostility  to 
the  Revolution,  May  1775,  and   not  many  years  afterwards  removed  to  Am- 
herst,  N.  H.,  and  was  there  a  lawyer  and  Judge  of  Probate.     He  d.  2  Ap. 
1798,  a.  59,  and  was  buried  with  Masonic  honors.    The  address  at  his  funeral 
was  delivered  by   Hon.  Timothy  Bigelow,  of  Groton.     Mr.   Dana   m.   Anna 
Kendrick,  and  had  at  Groton,  Luther,    b.  13  Aug.   1763;  Amelia,  b.  14   Ap. 
1765;  Samuel,  b.  26  June  1767,  Judge  of  Court  of  Common  Pleas,   in   Mid- 
dlesex;  Thesta,  b.  14  Aug.  1769;  Anna,  b.  16   June  1771;  and  others  born  in 
New  Hampshire. 

16.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  William  (9),  was   prob.  the  same  who,  by  w.  Lucy, 
had  Jonathan,  bap.  13  Nov.  1785. 

17.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  William  (9),  m.  Rachel  Leverett  31  Oct.  1782,  and  had 
Sarah,  bap.  7  Mar.  1784;  Josiah,  bap.  25  Feb.  1787. 

18.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  in.  Experience    Hunting  of  Dedham  16 
Jan.  1745-6  ;  she  d.  25  Jan.  1766,  and  he  m.  wid.  Elizabeth  Bowen   22  May 
1766.     His  cliil.  were  Mary,  b.  24  June  1748;  Samuel,  b.  29  Nov.  1749;  Abi- 
gail,  b.  15  Oct.  1752;  Daniel,  b.  25  Nov.  1754;  Joseph,  b.  2  Oct.  1756  ;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  15  Mar.  1767;  Experience,  b.  14  Dec.  1768.     DANIEL  the  f.  resided  in 
Brookline  and  Warwick;  he  d.   15   Nov.   1787;   his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  in   1779. 
See  Dana  Family,  p.  52. 

19.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Edward,  b.  18  May  1756. 

20.  CALEB,  s.  of  Caleb  (11),  m.   Sarah  Ballard  21   May   1756,   and  had 
Charles;  Orlando,  bap.  23  Sept.  1760;    Henry,    bap.    19  Sept.   1762;  Caleb; 
James.    CALEB  the  f.  d.  Ap.  1769;  his  w.  Sarah  survived. 

21.  JAMES,  s.  of  Caleb  (11),  grad.  H.  C.  1753  (D.  D.,  Edinb.  1768),  settled 
in  the  ministry  at  Wallingford,  Conn.,  1758;  installed  at  New  Haven  29  Ap. 
1789;  dismissed  Dec.  1805,  d.  Aug.  1812,  a.  77.     His  s.  Hon.  Samuel  Whittlesey 
Dana,  was  several  years  Senator  in  Congress. 

22.  GEORGE,  s.  of  Caleb  (11),  m.  Margaret  Clark  of  Waltham  (pub.   28 

Jan.  1764);  she  d.  3   Oct.  1770,  and  he  m. ;  his  chil.  were  Sarah,  bap. 

23  Sept.  1770;  Edmund,  bap.  20  Dec.  1772;  and  probably  others. 

23.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Richard  (12),  grad.  H.  C.  1759;  went  to  England,  and 
was  Rector  of  Wroxeter,  Co.  of  Salop;  m.  Helen,  dau.  of  Lord  Kinniard,  and 
niece  of  Sir  William  Pulteney;  d.  7  May  1823,  a.  84.     His  s.  George  Kinniard 
Dana,  was  a  Brigadier-general  in  the  British  Army. 


DANA  —  D  ANFORTH.  529 

24.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Richard  (12),  H.  C.  1762,  LL.D.  1792,  m.  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  William  Ellery  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  5  Aug.   1773,  and  had   Edmund 
Trowbridge,  b.  13  June  1774,  d.  12  Aug.  1776;  Francis,  b.  14  May  1777;  Ed- 
mund   Trowbridge,  b.  26   Sept.  1779,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  a  gentleman  of 
leisure,  founded  the  Dana  Library  by  a  generous  donation,  and  d.  unm.  6  May 
1859;  Martha  Remington,  b.  29  Sept.   1784,  m.  Washington  Allston,  and  d. 
s.  p.  24  Dec.  1862;  Richard  Henry,  b.   15  Nov.  1787;  Elizabeth  Ellery,  b.  6 
Sept.   1789,   d.   unm.   20  Nov.   1874;  Sarah-Ann,  b.   1    Sept.   1791,  d.  unm. 
6  Feb.   1866.     FRANCIS  the  f.  was  a  large  landholder,  and  resided  on  the 
northwesterly  corner  of  Main  and  Dana  streets.     He  was  a  lawyer;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  1778,  1783,  1784,  1786,  1787;  Elector  of  Presi- 
dent,  1789;  Ambassador  to   Russia:  Chief  Justice  of   the  Supreme  Judicial 
Court  of  Mass. ;  and  d.  25  Ap.  1811  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  31  Aug.  1807,  a.  56. 

25.  HENRY,  s.   of   Caleb  (20),   m.    Sally  Wilson  31    Aug.  1786,  and   had 
Sarah,  bap.  27  May  1787;  Charles,  bap.  26  Ap.  1789;  Henry  Ballard,  bap. 
11  Sept.  1791;  Mary,  bap.  30  Mar.  1794;  Martha,  bap.  23  July  1797;  Orlando 
Nelson,  bap.  21  Dec.  1800;  James,  bap.  21  Oct.  1804.     HENRY  the  f.  d.  20 
Feb.  1817,  a.  53. 

26.  CALEB,  s.  of  Caleb  (20),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Caleb ;  Elizabeth;  Sarah 
Weld,  all  bap.  3  Aug.  1794;  Francis,  bap.  3  May  1795;  Harriet,  bap.  5  Mar. 
1797;   Thomas  Weld,  bap.  19  May  1799.     CALEB  the  f.  was  a  victualler,  and 
d.  prob.  1801,  in  which  year  administration  was  granted  to  his  w.  Elizabeth. 

27.  JAMES,  s.  of  Caleb  (20),  m.  Catherine  Graton  2  Sept.  1790,  and  had 
Samuel  Heath,bap.  1  June  1794. 

28.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis  (24),  m.  Sophia,  dau.  of  President  Joseph  Wil- 
lard,  4  Aug.  1802,  and  had  Sophia  Willard,  b.  6   July  1803,  m.  Rev.  George 
Ripley  22   Aug.   1827;  Mary  Elizabeth,  b.  6  May    1805;  Francis,  b.  2  Dec. 
1806;  H.  C.  1827,  physician,  d.  I  July  1872;  Joseph  Willard,  b.  17  Sept.  1808, 
H.  C.  1828,   d.  at  Donaldsonville,   La.,  5  Dec.  1830.     FRANCIS  the  f.  d.  in 
Boston  28  Dec.  1853;  his  w.  Sophia.d.  27  Feb.  1840,  a.  67. 

29.  RICHARD  HENRY,  s.  of  Francis  (24),  m.  Ruth  Charlotte  Smith  of  Prov- 
idence 11  May  1813,  and  had  Ruth  Charlotte,  b.  28  Feb.  1814;  Richard  Henry, 
b.  1   Aug.  1815;  Edmund  Trowbridge,  b.  28  Aug.  1818,  grad.  Ver.  Uni.  1838, 
lawyer,  d.  18  May  1869;  Susan,  b.  3  June  1820,  d.  27  Ap.  1822.     RICHARD 
HENRY  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1808,  LL.D.  at  W.  C.  1867,  devoted  himself  to  lit- 
erature and  enjoys  an  honored  old  age  in  1877;  his  w.  Ruth  Charlotte  d.  9 
Feb.  1822,  a.  34. 

30.  RICHARD  HENRY,  s.  of  Richard  Henry  (29),  m.  Mary  Watson  of  Hart- 
ford 25  Aug.  1841,  and  had  Sarah  Watson,  b.  12  June  1842;  Ruth  Charlotte,  b. 
30  June  1844;  Elizabeth  Ellery,  b.  3  Ap.  1846;  Mary  Rosamond,  b.  1  Sept. 
1848;  Richard  Henry,  b.  3  Jan.  1851,  H.  C.   1874;  Angela  Henrietta  Chan- 
ning,  b.  22  Feb.  1857.    RICHARD  HENRY  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1837,  LL.D.  1866, 
an  eminent  lawyer,  has  resided  alternately  in  Cambridge  and  Boston. 

31.  JAMES  FREEMAN,  s.  of  Luther  and  grandson  of  Samuel  (15),  b.  at 
Amherst,  N.  H.,  23  Sept.  1793,  H.  C.  1813,  M.  D.  1817,  Professor  of    Chem- 
istry in  Dartmouth  College  and  at  New  York,  where  he  d.  in  Ap.  1827.     He 
m.  Matilda,  dau.  of  President  Webber,  18  Jan.  1818,  and  had  one  child,  who 
d.  young. 

32.  JOSEPH,  supposed  to  be  a  descendant  of  Richard  (1),  through  Daniel 
(5),  Thomas  (10),  and  Daniel  (18),  b.  2  Oct.  1756,  m.  Joanna  Loud,  and  had 
Mary,  b.   17  July  1791,  d.  12  Ap.  1837;  Experience,  b.  about  1793,  m.  Jona- 
than Hyde,  and  d.  22  May  1849,  a.  55;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  May  1795,  d.  4  Oct. 
1797;   Joseph,  b.  11  Feb.  1799,  d.  7  June  1847;  Elizabeth,  b.  1801,  d.  unm.  17 
Dec.  1863,  a.  62;  Joan  Frances,  b.  27  May  1810,  d.  27  Sept.  1829;  and  per- 
haps others.     JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  13  Feb.  1827,  and  his  w.  Joanna,  who  was  b.  26 
Mar.  1766,  d.  12  Dec.  1847. 

DANFORTH,  NICHOLAS,  was  here  in  1635,  and  resided  on  the  northerly  side 
of  Bow  Street,  near  its  intersection  with  Mt.  Auburn  Street.     He  was  Select- 
man 1635-1637,  Deputy  or  Representative  1636,  1637,  and  d.  in  April  1638. 
His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  in  England  in  1629.     Their  children,  all  born  in  England, 
34 


530  DANFORTH. 

were  Elizabeth,  b.  1619,  m.  Andrew  Belcher,  and  d.  26  Oct.  1680,  a.  61 ;  Thomas, 
b.  1622;  Anna,  b.  prob.  1624,  m.  Matthew  Bridge,  and  d.  2  Dec.  1704;  Sam- 
uel, b.  1626;  Jonathan,  b.  29  Feb.  1627-8. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Henry  Withington  (Rul- 
ing Elder)  of  Dorchester,  23  Feb.  1643-4,  and  had  Sarah,  b.  16  Ap.  1645,  d. 
29  Oct.  1645;  Sarah,  b.  11  Nov.  1646,  m.  Rev.  Joseph  Whiting  of  Lynn,  and 
afterwards  of  Southampton,  L.  I.,  and  d.  before  1699;  Mary,  b.  20  Ap.  1649, 
d.  29   Ap.  1649;  Mary,   b.  28  July   1650,  m.    Solomon  Phipps  of  Chs.  July 
1669,  and   Maj.  Thomas  Brown  of   Sudbury,  1  Mar.  1703-4,  and  was  living 
as  his  widow  in  1725;  Samuel,  b.  5  Oct.  1652,  grad.  H.  C.  1671,  and  d.  unm. 
in  England  22  Dec.  1676,  of  small-pox;   Thomas,  b.  16  Dec.  1654,  d.  young; 
Jonathan,  b.  27  Feb.   1656-7,  d.   20  Ap.  1657;  Jonathan,  b.   10  Feb.  1658-9, 
grad.  H.  C.  1679,  d.  unm.  of  consumption,  13  Nov.  1682;  Joseph,  b.  18  Sept. 
1661,  d.    2  Oct.  1663;  Benjamin,  b.    20  May  1663,  d.  23  Aug.  1663;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  17  Feb.  1664-5,  m.  Francis  Foxcvoft,  3  Oct.  1682,  and  d.  4  July  1721; 
Bethia,  b.  21  June  1667,  d.  21    Sept.  1668.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  5  Nov.  1699, 

a.  77  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  26  Mar.  1697.     Mr.  Danforth  inherited  the  homestead, 
which  he  sold  in  1652,  and  removed  to  the  northerly  side  of  Kirkland  Street 
near  Oxford  Street,  where  a  number  of  elm  trees  recently  marked  the  loca- 
tion of  his  house.     Connected  with  his  house  he  had  about  120  acres  of  land, 
including  nearly  the  whole  lying  between  the  estates  of  the  late  Dr.  Holmes 
and  Nathaniel  Jarvis,  the  Charlestown  or  Somerville  line,  Kirkland  Street,  and 
Holmes  Place  ;  together  with  about  the  same  quantity  on  the  southerly  side 
of  Kirkland  Street,  extending  across  Cambridge  Street,  from  the  junction  of 
Cambridge  Street  and  Ellsworth  Avenue  nearly  to  Gore  Hall,  including  the 
northeasterly  portion  of  the  College  grounds,  the  Delta,  etc.     This  will  readily 
be  recognized  by  many  of  the  elder  inhabitants,  as  the  Foxcroft  estate.     Be- 
sides this  farm,  he  owned  many  other  large  tracts  of  land  in   Camb.  and 
about  10,000  acres  in  Framingham.     Mr.  Danforth,  through  a  long  life,  was 
one  of  the  most  energetic  and  useful  citizens  in  the  town  and  in  the  Colony.   He 
was  a  Selectman,  1645-1671,  27  years;  Town  Clerk,  1645-1668,  24  years;  Rep- 
resentative (or  Deputy),  1657,  1658;  Assistant  1659-1678,  20  years;  Deputy 
Governor  1679-1692,  except  during  the  three  years' usurpation  by  Andros,  and 
probably  nothing  but  the  prolonged  life  of  the  venerable  Bradstreet  prevented 
his  election  as  Governor.     With  the  same  exception,  he  was  President  of  the 
District  of  Maine  1681-1692.     Under  the  second  charter  he  was  one  of  the 
Council  from  1693  to  1699  ;  and  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court,  to  which  office 
be  was  appointed  6  Dec.  1692,  "  being  pressed  to  accept  his  place  "  as  Judge 
Sewall  says.     He  was  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College  1650-1669,  Treasurer  of 
Middlesex  County  several  years,  and  Recorder  1648-1686.    He  was  also  Com- 
missioner of  the  United   Colonies  at  every  session   from    1662  to  1678,  and 
President  of  that  Board  in  1675.    Through  his  whole  life,  his  appointment  and 
action  on  numerous  and  highly  important  committees,  especially  during  the  long 
struggle  which  preceded  the  vacation  of  the  old  Charter,  abundantly  indicate 
the  confidence  reposed  in  him,  and  his  wisdom  and  integrity  in  the  perform- 
ance of  the  duties  assigned  to  him.    He  was  confessedly  the  leader  of  the  party 
in  opposition  to  the  arbitrary  proceedings  of  the  King  and  his  counsellors. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1643,  one  of  the  first  Board  of 
Fellows,  named  in  the  act  of   incorporation   1650,   ordained  Pastor  of  the 
Church  at  Roxbury  24  Sept.  1650,  the  apostle  Eliot  being  teacher.     He  m. 
Mary,  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Wilson  of  Boston  5  Nov.  1651,  and  had  Samuel,  b. 
14  Jan.   1652-3,  d.   22  July  1653;  Mary,  b.   24  May  1654,  d.  7   Dec.   1659; 
Elizabet/i,  b.  13  July  1656,  d.  15  Dec.  1659;  Sarah,  b.  30  Oct.  1658,  d.  5  Dec. 
1659  ;  John,  b.  8  Nov.  1660;  Mary,  b.  13  Mar.  1662-3,  in.  Edward  Bromfield, 
Esq.,  4  June  1683,  and  d.  7  Oct.  1734;  Elizabeth,  b.  9  Feb.  1664-5,  d.  26  Oct. 
1672;  Samuel,  b.  18  Dec.  1666;  Sarah,  b.  21  Feb.  1669-70,  d.  young;  Thomas, 

b.  3  Ap.  1672,  d.  13  Ap.  1672;   Elizabeth,  b.   16   Oct.  1673,  d.  30  Oct.  1673; 
Abiel  (posthumous),  bap.  31  Jan.  1674-5,  m.  Thomas  Fitch,  merchant,  Bos- 
ton.    SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  of  putrid  fever  19  Nov.  1674,  aged  about  48  years; 
his  w.  Mary  m.  Joseph  Rocke  of  Boston,  and  d.    13  Sept.  1713,  a.  80.     On 


DANFORTH.  531 

the  death  of  his  father,  he  was  placed  under  the  care  of  Rev.  Thomas  Shep- 
ard,  and  he  well  improved  his  advantages.  Having  graduated  at  the  early 
age  of  seventeen,  he  devoted  himself  diligently  to  study,  and  became  a  skilful 
mathematician,  and  one  of  the  most  learned  theologians  of  his  time.  He  was 
particularly  distinguished  however,  for  the  fervor  of  his  piety  and  the  purity 
of  his  life.  So  peaceful  was  his  conscience  and  so  firm  his  faith,  in  the  hour 
of  death,  that  his  colleague  Eliot  is  reported  to  have  said,  "  My  brother  Dan- 
forth  made  the  most  glorious  end  that  ever  I  saw."  It  is  certain  that  Eliot 
entered  this  testimony  on  record:  "  My  brother  Danforth  died  in  the  Lord; 
it  pleased  the  Lord  to  brighten  his  passage  to  glory." 

4.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  in  Billerica, 
where  he  spent  his  long  and  useful  life.    "  He  was  the  first  Captain  of  Billerica, 
was  chosen  Representative  in  1684,  Town  Clerk  20  years,  and  one  of  the 
most  eminent  land  surveyors  of  his  time."    (Farmer.)    He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau. 
of  John  Poulter  22  Nov.  1654;  she  d.  7  Oct.   1689,  a.  56,  and  he  m.  Esther, 
wid.  of  Josiah  Converse  of  Woburn,  and  dau.  of  Elder  Champney  of  Camb. 
17  Nov.  1690.     His  children  were  Mary,  b.  29  Jan.  1655-6,  m.  John  Parker 
of  Chelmsford  4  June  1678;  Elizabeth,  b.  27  May  1657,  m.   Simon  Hayward 
of  Concord   7  Mar.    1686-7;  Jonathan,  b.  18  Feb.   1658-9;  John,  b.  23  Jan. 
1660-61,  d.  7  Feb.  1660-61;  John,  b.  22  Feb.  1661-2,  d.  4  June  1664  ;  Lydia, 
b.  1  June  1664,  m.   Edward  Wright;   Samuel,  b.  5  Feb.  1665-6;   Anna,  b.  8 
Mar.  1667-8,  m.  Oliver  Whiting  22  Jan.  1689-90;   Thomas,  b.  29  Ap.  1670, 
d.  31  July  1670;  Nicholas,  b.  1  July  1671,  d.  8  Mar.  1693-4;  Sarah,  b.  13  Dec. 
1676,  m.  William  French.    Of  this  family,  only  two  sons  survived  their  father; 
but  from  them  have  descended  a  very  numerous  posterity.     JONATHAN  the 
f.  d.  7  Sept.  1712,  a.  84,  being  the  last  survivor  and  the  longest  liver  of  his 
father's  children.     His  w.  Esther  d.  5  Ap.  1713,  a.  80. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Rev.  Samuel  (3),  grad.  II.  C.  1677,  at  the  age  of  seventeen, 
and  was  ordained   at  Dorchester  28  June   1682,  where  bed.  26  May   1730. 
His  children,  by  his  w.  Elizabeth,  were  Elijah,  bap.  2  Dec.  1683,  grad.  H.  C. 
1703,  a  physician  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  d.  8  Oct.  1736;  Thomas,  b.  1685, 
settled  at   Surinam,  where  he  d.  18   Oct.  1714;  Israel  Stoughton,  b.  14   Oct. 
1687,  d.  22  Mar.   1688;  John,  b.   16   Jan.   1688-9,  d.  3  Mar.   1728;  Ann,  b. 
prob.  1691,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Nov.  1693,  m.  Capt.  John  Lowder,  Bos- 
ton; Samuel,  b.  12  Nov.  1696;  Hannah,  b.  3  Nov.  1698,  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Dun- 
bar  of  Stoughton;  Alary  and   Mehetabel,  twins,  b.  4  June  1701,  of  whom  the 
latter  d.  1  May  1727;  Stoughton,  b.  24  July  1702,  buried  26  Nov.  1735;  George, 
b.  11  Nov.  1704.     Soon  after  Mr.  Danforth's  death,  an  obituary  appeared  in 
the  New  England  Journal,  in  which  it  is  said  that  he  "  was  one  greatly  quali- 
fied by  many  bright  accomplishments  for  the  evangelical  ministry,  and  was 
eminently  a  man  of  God,  a  man  of  prayer,  a  close  and  profitable  preacher,  of 
sound  principles,  a  pattern  of  all  the  virtues  of  the  Christian  life,  and  zealous 
for  the  cause  of  God  and  religion  among  us;  greatly  beloved  and  valued  while 
living,  and  now  lamented  at  his  death ;  and  his  memory  will   always  be  pre- 
cious to  those  who  have  had  the  honor  and  pleasure  of  an  acquaintance  with 
him."     He  had  a  fondness  for  writing  epitaphs  in  rhyme,  of  which  very  many 
specimens  remain  in  the  Dorchester  burial  ground.     An  allusion  to  this  trait 
in  his  character  is  made  in  Blake's  Annals:  "  He  was  said  to  be  a  man  of 
great  learning;  he  understood  the  mathematics  beyond  most  men  of  his  func- 
tion.    He  was  exceeding  charitable,  and  of  a  very  peaceful  temper.     He  took 
much  pains  to  eternize  the  names  of  many  of  the  good  Christians  of  his  own 
flock;  and  yet  the  world  is  so  ungrateful  that  he  has  not  a  line  written  to  pre- 
serve his  memory,  no,  not  so  much  as  upon  his  tomb,  he  being  buried  in  Lt.- 
Gov.  Stoughton's  tomb,  that  was  covered  with  writing  before;  and  there,  also, 
lyeth  his  consort,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Danforth." 

6.  SAMUEL,   s.  of  Samuel  (3),  grad.  H.  C.  1683,  and  was  settled  in  the 
ministry  at  Taunton,  where  he  d.  14  Nov.  1727.     "  He  was  esteemed  one  of 
the  most  learned  and  eminent  ministers  of  that  period."     Farmer. 

7.  JONATHAN,  e.  of  Jonathan  (4),  resided  in  Billerica,  in.  Rebecca  Parker 
27  June  1682,  and  d.  1710;  his  w.  d.  prob.  1755,  when  her  dower  was  divided 


532  DANFORTH  —  DATE. 

to  her  son  Jonathan,  the  heirs  of  sons  Thomas,  Samuel,  Nicholas,  Jacob,  and 
John,  all  deceased,  and  to  daughters  Rebecca,  Elizabeth,  and  Sarah. 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Jonathan  (4),  resided  in  Billerica  and  was  perhaps  the 
same  whose  estate  was  divided  in  1742,  to  wid.  Hannah,  and  children  Samuel, 
Jonathan,  Elizabeth,  Hannah,  Rachel,  Lydia,  and  the  heirs  of  Abigail  Ruggles, 
deceased. 

9.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Rev.  John  (5),  b.  in  Dorchester,  grad.  H.  C.  1715,  estab- 
lished himself  in  Cambridge  as  schoolmaster  about  1724,  having  had  the  gen- 
eral charge  of  the  school  for  some  years  previously,  it  would  seem.    In  1725  he 
purchased  of  Samuel  Hancock  the  estate  on  the  easterly  side  of  Dunster  Street, 
between  Harvard  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  where  he  resided  for  the  next  half 
century.     The  house  in  which  he  dwelt  was  demolished  not  many  years  ago. 
He  m.  Elizabeth  Symmes  (perhaps  dau.  of  Rev.  Thomas  Symmes  of  Bradford, 
and,  if  so,  a  relative  to  himself),  14  Aug.  1726,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  24  July 
1729,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.  29  July  1736,  d.  unm.  4  June  1816;  Samuel,  b. 
4  Aug.  1740,  grad.  H.  C.  1758,  an  eminent  physician  in  Boston,  President  of  the 
Mass.  Medical  Society,  and  d.  16  NOT.  1827;  Thomas,  b.  21  Aug.  1744,grad.  H. 
C.  1762,  was  a  lawyer  in  Chs.  until  the  Revolution,  when  he  fled  to  England, 
and  d.  at  London  6  Mar.  1820;  John,  b.  17  Sept.  1748.    SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  at  the 
house  of  his  son  in  Boston,  27  Oct.  1777,  a.  about  81;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  13 
Jan.  1775,  a.  67;  but  both  were  buried  here.     Judge  Danforth,  during  a  large 
portion  of  his  life,  filled  offices  of  trust  and  responsibility.     He  was  Select- 
man five  years,  1733-1739,  Representative  four  years,  1734-1738,  Member  of 
the  Council  thirty-six  years  in   succession,  1739-1774,  in  which  last  named 
year    he  was   appointed    "Mandamus    Councillor;"   but    having  taken   the 
oath  of  office,  he  was  speedily  induced  to  resign.     He  was  also  Justice  of  the 
Peace  and  Quorum;  Register  of  Probate,  1731-1745;  Judge  of  Probate,  1745- 
1775;  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  1741-1775.    At  the  Revolution  he 
passed  out  of  office ;  but  was  so  quiet  in  his  deportment  that,  although  under- 
stood to  be  a  royalist,  he  was  not  disturbed  in  the  possession  of  his  property. 

DANIEL,  ROBERT,  was  an  early  inhabitant  of  Cambridge.  About  1638  he 
purchased  of  Thomas  Blodgett  a  house  and  land,  on  the  westerly  side  of  Gar- 
den Street,  which  he  sold  about  1645  to  Nicholas  Wyeth.  By  his  w.  Eliza- 
beth he  had  Elizabeth,}). ,  m.  Thomas  Fanning  17  May  1653;  Samuel; 

Joseph;  Sarah;  Mary,  b.  2  Sept.  1642.  These  children  are  named  in  the 
father's  will;  Thomas,  who  was  buried  6  Nov.  1644,  was  probably  of  the  same 
family.  His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  2  Oct.  1653,  and  he  m.  Reana,  wid.  of  William 
Andrew,  2  May  1654.  He  d.  6  July  1655,  and  his  wid.  Reana  m.  Elder 
Frost,  whom  also  she  survived. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Robert  (1),  purchased  of  David  Fiske  12  Dec.  1660   a 
house  and  land  on  the  northerly  side  of  Linnaean  Street,  being   the  south- 
easterly corner  of  the  present  Botanic  Garden.     Before  28  May  1662  he  had 
removed  to  Medfield.     There  is  no  record  here  of  his  family. 

3.  RICHARD,  of  Edmonton,  England,  gentleman,  was  in  New  England  12 
Nov.  1669,  and  purchased  the  farm  in  Billerica,  700  acres,  belonging  to  Cam- 
bridge Church.     He  remained  in  Billerica  several  years,  and  is  said  to  have 
resided  subsequently  in  Andover.     No  record  is  found  of  wife  or  children. 

DAVIS,  DOLOR  (Dolard,  Dollard,  and  Doller,  .on  the  Record),  owned  a 
house  lot,  in  1635,  on  the  easterly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Winthrop 
and  South  streets.  He  removed  early;  was  a  proprietor  of  Groton  in  1656, 
and  an  early  planter  of  Barnstable,  where  he  d.  in  1673.  "  He  m.  Margery, 
sister  of  Major  Simon  Willard.  His  sons  were  John,  Simon,  and  Samuel.  Si- 
mon and  Samuel  lived  in  Concord,  the  former  of  whom  was  Representative  in 
John  1689."  (Farmer.)  From  this  family  descend  Gov.  John  Davis  and  a  nu- 
merous race  of  that  name  in  Worcester  County. 

DAYE,  STEPHEN,  resided  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Dunster 

streets  in  1656.  By  his  w.  Rebecca  (wid.  of Bordman,  and  mother  of 

William  Bordman),  he  had  and  brought  to  N.  Eng.  with  him,  Stephen,  who  d. 
1  Dec.  1639,  and  Matthew.  STEPHEN  the  f.  d.  22  Dec.  1668,  a.  about  75;  his 
w.  Rebecca  d.  17  Oct.  1658.  Mr.  Daye  was  unquestionably  the  first  printer  in 


DATE.  533 

New  England,  though  it  may  be  doubted  whether  he  ever  served  a  regular  ap- 
prenticeship to  that  trade.  In  his  agreement,  1638,  to  emigrate  to  N.  Eng., 
and  to  labor  in  the  employment  of  Rev.  Mr.  Glover,  he  is  styled  "  lock- 
smith," and  various  circumstances  sufficiently  indicate  that  he  labored  in  that 
occupation,  after  he  was  superseded  by  Green  in  the  management  of  the 
printing-office.  It  may  be  that  Mr.  Glover  was  unable,  or  judged  it  impru- 
dent, to  engage  a  regular  printer  to  emigrate;  and  therefore  employed  Daye  to 
superintend  the  press,  on  account  of  his  skill  in  working  iron,  and  perhaps  a 
general  knowledge  of  machinery.  However  this  be,  it  is  certain  that  he  was 
called  locksmith  in  the  agreement,  and  so  styled  himself  in  a  deed  executed 
1660;  and  the  inventory  of  his  goods  in  1668  indicates  the  same  fact.  He  re- 
ceived several  grants  of  land,  in  cousideration  of  his  services  as  a  printer;  but 
he  seems  always  to  have  been  poor,  and  was  probably  dependant  for  assist- 
ance, in  his  old  age,  on  Wm.  Bordman,  a  son  of  his  wife  by  a  former  marriage. 
His  age,  at  death,  has  been  erroneously  represented  as  58.  In  a  deposition, 
2  Ap.  1656,  he  called  himself  62  years  old,  and  must  have  been  about  75  in 
Dec.  1668,  if  his  own  estimate  was  correct. 

2.  ROBERT,  in  1635,  owned  a  house  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street, 
but  removed  early  to  Hartford.     "He  died  in   1648,  and  left  a  comfortable 
estate  for  his  widow  and  several  children.     He  had  been  a  good  citizen  in  the 
Colony.     He  was  the  first  ancestor  who  came  to  Connecticut  of  President  and 
Secretary  Day,  and  of  the  Day  family  in  this  State."     Hinman. 

3.  MATTHEW,  s.  of  Stephen  (1),  appears  from  his  will1  to  have  been  a 
printer;  he  was  also  Steward  of  Harvard  College,  as  appears  by  the  following 
memorandum  in  the  Records  of  the  Corporation,  Lib.  iii.  fol.  32:  "  Mr.  John 
Buckley,  first  Master  of  Arts  in  Harvard  College,  and  Matthew  Day,  Stew- 
ard of  the  College,  gave  a  garden,  containing  about  one  acre  and  one  rood  of 
land,  situate  and  near  adjoining  to  the  College,  and  ordered  the  same  to  be 
for  the  use  of  the  Fellows  that  should  from  time  to  time  belong  to  and  be  resi- 
dent at  the  said  society;  the  said  garden  being  commonly  called  and  known 
by  the  name  of  the  Fellow's  Orchard."     Gore  Hall  stands  on  the  northerly 
end  of  this  tract;  the  southerly  end  fronts  on  Harvard  Street.     From  Buck- 
ley's Deed,  dated  20  Dec.  1645,  it  appears  that  the  orchard,  or  garden,  was 
purchased  of  Thomas  Marrett,  by  himself,  Emanuel  Downing,  Samuel  Win- 
throp,  and  John  Alcock.     Buckley  conveyed  one  quarter  part;  hence  it  would 
seem  that  Day  purchased  the  other  three  quarters,  which  he  bestowed,  by  will, 
on  the  College.     Mr.  Day  d.  unm.  at  Cambridge  10  May  1649. 

4.  ISAAC,  not  ascertained  to  have  been  a  relative  of  the  foregoing,  was  in 
Camb.  fora  short  time  previous  to  1700,  and  prob.   resided  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets.     His  w.  was  Susanna,  prob.  dau.  of 
Robert  Meriam  of  Concord.     They  had  Robert,  b.  24  Oct.  1686,  d.  4  Feb. 
1688-9;  Susanna,  b.  28  Nov.  1688.     In  1692,  "Isaac  Day,  heretofore  citizen 
and  embroiderer  of  London,"  and  his  wife  Susanna,  together  with  Mary,  the 

1  "  The  last  Will  and  Testament  of  Mat-  for  the  training  up  of  the  childe  to  schoole. 

thew  Day,   May   10,    1649.     1.  I  doe    give  6.   I  doe  give  unto  my  mother  that  eight 

with  all  my  heart  all  that  part  1  have  in  the  pound  or  there  about  which  is  due  to  me  for 

Garden  unto  the  fellowes  of  Harvard  Col-  printing,  to  pay  for  the  house  which  is  due 

lege,  for  ever.    2.  I  doe  give  to  Mrs.  Shep-  at  Michalemas.     7.    I  would  have  Daniell 

ard  my  diaper   table   cloath   and   napkins  and  Mary  Lemon  and  my  mother's  girle 

which  were  not  yet  made  up.     3.  I  doe  give  have  some  thing  given  them,  as  Mr.  Shep- 

my  3  silver  spoones,  the  one  to  David  Dun-  ard  and  my  mother  shall  see  meet.    8.  I 

ster,  the  other  to  Doraty  Dunster,  and  the  3d  doe  give  my  Ivory  Inkhorne  in  my  box  with 

that  hath  my  owne  name  on  it  wc  I  brought  a  whistle  in  it  unto  Jeremy  Shepard.    9.  I 

out  of  England,  to  my  old  acquaintance  lit-  give  20s  in  mony  which   once  I  had  and 

tie  Samuell  Shepard.    4.  I  doe  give  to  my  Jayd  out  for  the  Colledge,  and  is  to  be  payd 

mother  all  the  estate  I   have  in   both  the  by  it  in  mony  againe  unto   Mr.  Thomas 

houses  together  with  all  the  furniture,  beds  Shepard.     10.  I  give  unto  John  Glover  my 

and  all  mo veables( my  debts  being  first  paid)  lookinge  glasse.     11.  I  give  to  Elder  ffrost 

to  her  for  her  life,  and  when  she  dies  to  the  foure  pound.    Those  before  whom  he  spake 

little   child   Moyses.     5.   I  doe  give  to  S*.  these  things  were  Mr.  Tho.  Shepard,  Mrs. 

Brocke  (my  ould  and  deare  friend)  all  the  Day.    Deposed  the  30th  8th  mo.  1649.    IN- 

bookes  I  have  which  he  thinks  may  be  use-  CKEASE  NOWKLL."  —  Middlesex  Deedt,  i.  2. 
full  to  him,  except  those  which  may  serve 


534  DATE  —  DICKSON. 

widow  and  executrix  of  Robert  Meriam  late  of  Concord,  deceased,  sold  to 
Richard  Proctor  of  Boston,  the  above  mentioned  estate,  describing  it  as  "  here- 
tofore the  mansion  place  whereof  one  Thomas  Chesholme  died  siezed,  of  whose 
administrators  the  said  Robert  Meriam  in  his  life-time,"  to  wit,  3  Oct.  1671, 
purchased  it.  After  this  sale,  no  further  trace  is  found  here  of  this  family. 
The  name  now  exists  in  Camb. ;  but  it  is  not  known  that  the  individuals  bear- 
ing it  are  descendants  of  either  of  these  early  families. 

DEMING,  DAVID,  was  a  Fence-viewer  in  Camb.  1699,  and  Tything-man, 
1700.  He  owned  the  Brattle  estate,  extending  from  Brattle  Square  to  Ash 
Street.  Before  Nov.  1707  he  removed  to  Boston;  at  which  date  he  sold  the 
westerly  portion  of  this  estate  to  Andrew  Belcher,  and  the  easterly  portion, 
including  the  house,  to  Rev.  William  Brattle.  In  the  conveyance,  he  is  styled 
"  Knacker,"  which  Johnson  defines,  "a  maker  of  small  work;  a  ropemaker." 
There  is  no  record  here  of  his  family. 

DENISON,  WILLIAM,  came  to  N.  Eng.  about  1630,  and  settled  at  Roxbury. 
He  was  a  merchant,  Representative,  1635,  and  d.  25  Jan.  1653-4.  By  his  w. 
Margaret,  who  d.  3  Feb.  1645-6,  he  had  in  England,  Daniel ;  Edward,  resided 
in  Roxbury,  Selectman,  Town  Clerk,  Representative  1652,  1655,  and  d.  26 
Ap.  1668,  a.  about  50,  leaving  five  daughters  who  married,  and  an  only  son, 
William,  who  grad.  at  H.  C.  1681,  was  many  years  Town  Clerk,  Representa- 
tive more  than  twenty  years,  and  d.,  leaving  a  widow  but  no  children,  22  Mar. 
1718,  a.  53;  George,  removed  early  to  Stonington,  Conn.,  was  highly  distin- 
guished as  a  military  leader  in  "Philip's  War,"  and  d.  about  1693;  he  was 
twice  married,  (1)  to  Bridgett  Tompson,  1640,  and  (2)  to  Ann  Boradell, 
about  1644;  he  left  a  numerous  family,  and  among  his  descendants  are  many 
distinguished  citizens  of  Connecticut. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants  of  Camb. 
He  was  probably  among  those  who  erected  the  first  buildings,  under  the  agree- 
ment to  establish  this  as  a  fortified  town  and  the  seat  of  government.  His 
residence,  as  nearly  as  can  be  determined  from  the  Proprietor's  Records,  was 
the  spot  since  known  as  the  Winthrop  Estate,  near  Bow  Street,  between  Ar- 
row and  Mount  Auburn  streets.  He  removed  early  to  Ipswich,  and  became 
one  of  the  most  distinguished  citizens  of  that  town  and  of  the  Colony.  He 
was  Representative,  eleven  years;  Speaker  of  the  House,  two  years;  Assistant 
twenty-nine  years,  until  his  death ;  Major-general  of  the  whole  military  force 
of  the  Colony,  eleven  years,  including  the  period  of  "Philip's  War;"  Com- 
missioner of  the  United  Colonies,  eight  years,  and  once  President  of  that 
Board.  He  m.  Patience,  dau.  of  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley,  by  whom  he  had  two 
children,  who  survived  to  maturity.  (1)  John,  who  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Dep. 
Gov.  Samuel  Symonds,  and  d.  1671,  leaving  a  daughter  Martha,  and  a  son 
John,  who  grad.  H.  C.  1684,  m.  Elizabeth  Saltonstall,  commenced  preaching 
at  Ipswich,  but  died  1689,  leaving  an  only  son,  John,  who  grad.  H.  C.  1710, 
was  Sheriff  of  Essex  Co.,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  President  Leverett,  and  d.  1724, 
leaving  one  son  and  one  daughter.  See  Felt's  Ipswich.  (2)  Elizabeth,  m. 
John  Rogers,  President  of  Harvard  College,  and  d.  13  June  1723,  a.  82.  Her 
children  were  Elizabeth,  m.  John  Appleton,  Esq.,  and  was  mother  of  the  ven- 
erable Dr.  Appleton  of  Cambridge,  and  of  Margaret,  wife  of  President  Hoi- 
yoke;  Margaret,  m.  Capt.  Thomas  Berry,  and  (2d)  President  Leverett;  John, 
grad.  H.  C.  1684,  minister  at  Ipswich,  d.  28  Dec.  1745,  a.  79;  Daniel,  grad. 
H.  C.  1686,  a  physician  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  perished  on  Hampton  Beach 
in  a  snow  storm  1  Dec.  1723;  Nathaniel,  grad.  H.  C.  1687,  minister  at  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H.,  d.  3  Oct.  1723;  Patience,  m.  Benjamin  Marston,  and  was  liv- 
ing his  widow  in  1721. 

DEXTER,  JOHN,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Richard,  b.  6  Nov.  1676.  He  may  have 
been  s.  of  Richard  of  Maiden ;  but  there  is  no  further  trace  of  him  here. 

DICKEKMAN,  LYDIA,  d.  13  Sept.  1680. 

DICKSON,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Dikson,  and  Dixon),  in  1642  owned 
the  estate  fronting  on  Brattle  Square,  extending  from  Mount  Auburn  Street  to 
Winthrop  Street.  At  what  time  this  residence  was  changed  does  not  dis- 
tinctly appear.  But,  at  an  early  period  the  Dickson  family  occupied  an  es- 


DICKSON.  535 

tate  on  the  easterly  side  of  Menotomy  River,  extending  from  North  Avenue 
to  the  Winter  Hill  road,  a  portion  of  which  remained  until  very  recently  in 
their  possession.  Mr.  Dickson,  by  his  w.  Jane,  had  Mary,  b.  10  Aug.  1644. 
d.  21  July  1648;  Lydia,  bap.  here,  and  d.  young;  Abigail,]},  10  Mar.  °1 647-8, 

m. Thwing,  and  d.  before   1692,  leaving  an  only  son  William;  Mary,  b. 

17  Jan.   1649-50,  m.  prob.  Butterfield;  Hannah,  bap.  here,  m.  Stephen 

Francis  16  Sept.  1633;  John,  b.  21  Mar.  1655-6.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  5  Aug. 
1692,  a.  78;  his  wife  Jane  d.  4  Dec.  1689,  a.  73. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (1),  m.  Margery  (or  Margaret),  dau.  of  Edward 
Winship,  12  May  1687,  and  had  Jane,  b.  4  Oct.  1688,  m.  Joseph  Robbins,  3 
Aug.   1709;  he  d.  and   she  m.  John  Green  before   1737;  Elizabeth,  bap.  24 
July  1698,  m.  Hubbard   Russell,  9  May  1710;    William,    bap.  24  July  1698; 
John,  bap.   24  July   1698;  Margery,  b.   11   Dec.   1698,  m.   Samuel  Carter  of 
Woburn,  30  June  1719;  Edward,  b.  16  Jan.  1701-2.     JOHX  the  f.  d.  22  Mar. 
1736-7,  a.  81;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  6  Oct.  1734,  a.  70. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Solomon  Prentice,  12  June 
1718,  and  had  William,  b.  26   Ap.   1719;  Solomon,  b.  8  June  1720,  d.  3  Aug. 
1720;  Solomon,  bap.  27  Aug.  1721,  d.  young;  Ruth,  bap.  21  July  1723,  d.  19 
Sept.  1723  ;  Josiah,  bap.  15  Nov.  1724  ;  Ruth,  bap.  23  Oct.  1726,  m.  —   -  Teel; 
Margery,  bap.  12  Jan.  1728-9,  m.  Joseph  Cook,  Jr.,  13  May  1756;  Jonns,  bap. 
15  Feb.  1729-30,  d.  young;  Jonas,  bap.  28  May  1732,  d.  young;  Lydia,  bap.  8 
June  1735,  m.  Samuel  Prentice  (pub.  17  Oct.  1765);  Jane,  bap.  31  Oct.  1736, 

in.  Teel;  Isaac,  bap.  26  Mar.  1738,  d.  young;  Hannah,  bap.  29  July  1739, 

d.  13  Jan.   1739-40;  Jonas,  b.  28  May  1741,  d.  5  July  1749.     WILLIAM,  the 
f.  d.  15  Jan.  1768,  a.  74;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  12  June  1776,  a.  73.    After  1720,  Mr. 
Dickson  seems  to  have  resided  on  the  Charlestown  part  of  the  estate. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.   of  Walter   Russell  4  Aug.  1725, 
and  had  John,  b.   31   Mar.   1726;    Walter,  b.    18  Mar.   1728-9;  Mary,  bap.   5 
Dec.    1731,  in.   Patten   Russell  of  Chs.   25  July  1749,  and  d.  12  Feb.  1813.  a. 
82.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  26  July  1775,  a.  80;  his  w.  Mary  d.  4  July  1770,  a.  63. 

5.  EDWARD,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Henry  Dunster,  18  Mar. 
1730-31,  and  had  Edward,  bap.    2   Ap.  1732,  d.    3  May  1732;  Martha,    b.  8 
Dec.  1734,  d.  unm.   May  1788;  Edward,  b.  7  June  1737,  d.  without  issue,  30 
Oct.  1820,  a.    83;  Elizabeth,  bap.  4  Nov.  1739,  m.   Samuel  Cook,  Jr.,  26  Ap. 
1764;  Henry,  bap.  8  Nov.   1741;  Gilbert,  bap.    18   Nov.  1744;  Isaiah,  bap.  12 
Ap.  1747;  Abigail,  named  in  her  father's  will,  and  prob.  b.  1749,  d.   unm.  6 
July  1817,  a.  68.     EDWARD  the  f.  d.  May  1788,  a.  86. 

6.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (3),  m.  Elizabeth  Lawrence  3  Dec.  1741,  and 
had  in  Camb.  William,  b.  9  Aug.  1 742,  d.  5  Dec.  1744 ;  Aaron,  b.  10  Aug.  1 744, 
d.  10  July  1749;   William,  b.   28   Feb.  1745-6,  d.   2  Nov.   1746;  Jonathan,  b. 

23  Ap.  1748.     His  w.  d.  24  Feb.  1753,  a.  32,  and  he  m.  Rachel ,  and  had 

in  Chs.  Rachel,  b.  12  Sept.  1754  ;    William,  b.   14  Aug.  1757  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  10 
June  1760,  d.   13  Aug.  1761;  Elizabeth,}).   27   May    1763;  Aaron,  b.   1   Oct. 
1767.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  28  Jan.   1801,   a.  82;   his  w.  Rachel  d.  21  May 
1796,  a.  65. 

7.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  William  (3),  had  dau.  Mary,  b.  10  Ap.  1750. 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Sarah  Whittemore  19  Jan.  1748-9,  and  had 
Sarah,  b.  10  Aug.   1749,  m.  John  Blanchard  (pub.  6   Jan.  1767)  ;  John,  bap. 
17  Feb.  1750-51,  m.  Sarah  Butterfield  6  Oct.  1771  ;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  22  Ap. 
1753;  Susanna,  bap.  28   Dec.  1755,   m.  Joseph  Shaw,  23  Jan.   1777;  David, 
bap.  6  Aug.  1758.     JOHN  the  f.   d.   1762  (administration   granted   28  June) ; 
his  w.  Sarah  d.  13  May  1777,  a.  51. 

9.  WALTER,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Anna  Cutter  of  Charlestown,  3  May  1750, 
and  had  Anna,  b.  1  Oct.  1752,  m.  Richard  Peirce  21   Oct.  1777;  Mary,  b.  23 
Mar.    1755,   m.  Jonathan  Butterfield   4  Aug.  1772;  Esther,  b.  23  Aug.  1757, 
m.  Joseph  Tufts  23  Dec.  1779;  Rebecca,  b.  16  Oct.  1759,d.  29  July  1765  ;  Lucy, 
b.  12  May  1764,  living  unm.  in  1798;  Walter,  b.  9  Dec.  1767,  m.  Anna  Tufts 
3  Jan.  1793.    WALTER  the  f.  d.  1798;  his  w.  d.  at  Groton,  4  Ap.  1819,  a.  89. 

10.  HENRY,  P.  of  Edward  (5),  m.  Elizabeth  Cox  24  July  1766;  she  d.  and 
he  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Cook,  15  Nov.  1774;  she  d.  about  1785,  and  he 


536  DICKSON  —  DUDLEY. 

m.  Mercy .     His  children  were  Elizabeth,  b.  1767,  d.  unm.  3  Mar.  1800  ; 

Eunice  Cook,  bap.  17  May  1778,  m.  John  Goddard  21  Dec.  1806;  Henry,  bap. 
21  Feb.  1790.  HENRY  the  f.  resided  at  the  easterly  corner  of  North  Avenue 
and  Cedar  Street,  and  d.  23  Sept.  1815,  a.  74,  leaving  only  one  surviving 
child,  Mrs.  Goddard,  who  inherited  the  homestead;  his  w.  Mercy  d.  4  Dec. 
1815,  a.  69  or  71. 

11.  GILBERT,  s.  of  Edward  (5),  m.  Martha ,  and  had  in  Pepperell, 

Hannah,  b.  13  May  1773,  m.  Thomas  Rundle  of  Boston   17  July  1810;  Sally, 
b.   21  Feb.  1775,  m.  Joshua  Shed;  Patty,  b.  9  Feb.  1778,  d.  6  Aug.  1868;  in 
Acton,  John,  b.  29  Dec.  1781;  Polly,  b.  4  Oct.  1783,  m. Hosley;  in  Pep- 
perell, Lydia,  b.   10  Sept.    1787;  and  in  Camb.,  Nobby,  b.   17  Sept.  1790,  m. 
Walter  Fisk.     GILBERT  the  f.  d.  of  lockjaw  15   Sept.   1818,   a.   74  ;  his  w. 
Martha  d.  28  June  1800,  a.  50. 

12.  ISAIAH,  s.  of  Edward  (5),   m.  Judae  (Judith)  Symmes  of  Woburn  15 
May  1773,  and  had  John  Eliot,  bap.   9   Feb.   1777,  d.    1783  ;  Judith,  bap.  10 

Nov.  1781,  d.  1783.     His  w.  Judith  d.  1783,  and  he  m.  Sarah ,  and  had 

Edward  (prob.  the   same  who  d.  at  Bedford  23  Mar.  1825,  a.  33),  Ann,  and 
Abigail,  who  all  survived  him.     ISAIAH  the  f.  d.  2  Aug.  1805,  a.  59. 

13.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  William  (6),  m.  Martha  Cook   7  Mar.  1771,  and  had 
several  children  who  died  in  infancy.     I  find  no  record  of  any  who  survived, 
nor  of  the  death  of  the  parents. 

14.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William   (6),   m.    Rachel  Cutter  15  May  1792,  and 
had  William,  bap.  6  Oct.  1793;  Rachel,  bap.  16   Sept.    1798  ;  Oliver,  bap.  11 
Jan.  1801,  d.  young;  Martha,  bap.    17   July   1803,  d.  unm.   19  June   1839; 
Oliver,  bap.  8  Sept.  1805:  Mary  Cutler,  bap.  17  July  1808.      WILLIAM  the  f. 
d.  15  Ap.  1835,  a.  78;  his  w.  Rachel  d.  15  Aug.  1842,  a.  76. 

15.  AARON,  s.  of  William  (6),  m.  Lucy  Cutter  21  Nov.  1797,  and  d.  2  Oct. 
1805,  a.  38. 

MARY,  m.  Capt.  Samuel  Chandler  4  Nov.  1777.  JOHN,  m.  Eleanor  Russell 
23  June  1781.  JOSIAH,  m.  Sally  Cooper  10  July  1788.  Wid.  SARAH,  d.  13 
Sept.  1780.  SALLY,  d.  16  Nov.  1792,  a.  23.  ELIZABETH,  d.  11  Feb.  1793,  a. 
20.  Mrs.  HANNAH,  d.  31  July  1801,  a.  45. 

DOOLITTLE,  JOHN,  m.  Sibilla  Nutt,  wid.  of  Miles  Nutt  of  Chs.,  30  Oct. 
1674.  She  d.  in  Maiden  23  Sept.  1690,  a.  82.  He  is  called  by  Dr.  Bond  of 
Runmey  Marsh. 

DRUCE,  VINCENT  (otherwise  written  Druse,  Drusse,  and  on  the  list  of 
Freemen,  1645,  "Vincent  Ruth"),  removed  from  Hingham  and  purchased  a 
farm  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  adjoining  Brookline,  4  Feb.  1650-51.  He 
was  father  of  Vincent,  and  probably  also  of  John  of  Roxbury  who  was  slain  in 
Philip's  War,  to  whom  Eliot  refers  in  the  Roxbury  Church  Record,  under 
date  of  24  July  1675:  "John  Druse  dyed  in  the  warrs,  and  was  there 
buried;  he  acquited  himselfe  valiantly." 

2.  VINCENT,  s.  of  Vincent  (1),  had  John,  b.  25  Feb.  1668-9;  Mehetabel,  b. 
26  Sept.  1670;  Mary,  b.  7.  Aug.  1672;  Deliverance,  b.  15  Mar.  1674-5.  VIN- 
CENT the  f.  d.  1683;  his  w. and  these  four  children  survived. 

DUDLEY,  THOMAS,  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Cambridge,  and  among  the 
first  who  erected  houses  here  in  the  spring  of  1631.  He  remained  here  only 
a  few  years;  but  removed  to  Ipswich  about  the  time  of  Hooker's  removal  to 
Hartford,  and  thence  to  Roxbury  before  the  close  of  1636.  During  his  whole 
life  in  New  England,  and  even  before  the  colonists  left  England,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  government.  First  elected  an  Assistant  in  England  in  1629,  he 
held  that  office  eight  different  years,  was  Deputy  Governor  thirteen  years,  and 
Governor  four  years,  to  wit,  1634,  1640,  1645,  1650;  Commissioner  of  the 
United  Colonies,  1643,  1647,  1649,  and  President  1647, 1649.  His  military  skill 
and  energy  seem  to  have  been  appreciated;  he  commanded  a  company  of 
eighty  volunteers  at  the  siege  of  Amiens  in  1597;  was  appointed  Lieut.-col- 
onel  of  the  Southern  regiment,  on  the  first  military  organisation  of  the  Colony, 
in  1636,  and  Major-general  of  all  the  forces,  1644.  So  entirely  was  his  life 
devoted  to  the  public  service,  that  a  particular  biography  of  him  would  be  a 
general  history  of  the  Colony  during  the  same  period.  Gov.  Dudley  was  twice 


DUDLEY  —  DUNKLIN  —  DUNSTER.  537 

married;  by  his  first  wife,  Dorothy,  he  had  five  children,  who  came  to  N.  Eng.; 
she  d.  27  Dec.  1643,  and  he  m.  Katherine,  wid.  of  Samuel  Hagburne,  14  Ap. 
1644,  by  whom  he  had  three  children.  Besides  these,  it  is  not  improbable 
that  Thomas  Dudley,  of  Emanuel  College  1626,  A.  M.  1630,  was  also  his  son; 
but  there  is  no  evidence  that  he  came  to  N.  Eng.,  and  he  is  not  named  in  the 
Governor's  will.  The  known  children  were  Samuel,  b.  1606;  Ann,  b.  1613, 
m.  Simon  Bradstreet;  Patience,  m.  Daniel  Denison,  and  d.  1690;  Sarah,  m. 

Maj.  Benjamin  Keayne,  and Pacy;  she  d.  3  Nov.  1659,  leaving  an  only 

child  Ann  (by  her  first  husband),  who  m.  Edward  Lane,  and  Col.  Nicholas 
Paige,  and  d.  without  surviving  issue,  30  June  1704;  and  thus  this  branch  of 
the  Dudley  family,  and  the  entire  family  of  Capt.  Robert  Keayne,  became 
extinct;  Mercy,  b.  27  Sept.  1621,  m.  Rev.  John  Woodbridge,  and  d.  at  New- 
bury  1  July  1691,  having  had  eleven  children,  three  of  whom  were  clergymen; 
Deborah,  b.  27  Feb.  1644-5,  m.  Maj.  Jonathan  Wade  of  Medford,  and  d. 
about  1685;  Joseph,  b.  23  Sept.  1647,  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Edw.  Tyng,  and 
was  successively  Representative  of  Roxbury,  Assistant,  President  of  New 
England,  Counsellor  under  Andros,  Governor  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  mem- 
ber of  the  British  Parliament,  Chief  Justice  of  New  York,  and  Governor  of 
Massachusetts  and  New  Hampshire;  he  d.  at  Roxbury,  2  Ap.  1720,  a.  72; 
Paul,  b.  8  Sept.  1650,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Gov.  John  Leverett,  was  a  "  well 
accomplished  merchant,"  (Sewatt)  Register  of  Probate  for  a  short  period, 
and  d.  1  Dec.  1681,  a.  31.  The  posterity  of  Gov.  Dudley,  in  these  several 
branches,  is  a  multitude  which  no  man  can  number.  Among  them  have  been 
many  representatives  in  Cambridge.  The  residence  of  Governor  Dudley, 
while  he  remained  here,  was  on  the  northwesterly  corner  of  Dunster  and 
South  streets;  his  house  lot,  which  contained  half  an  acre,  extended  westerly 
nearly  to  Brighton  Street.  He  died  at  Roxbury  31  July  1653,  a.  76;  his  w. 
Katherine  m.  Rev.  John  Allen  of  Dedham,  and  d.  29  Aug.  1671. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  came  here  and  departed  with  his  father. 
While  here  he  resided  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn 
streets.  He  was  three  times  married;  first  to  Mary,  dau.  of  Gov.  John 
Winthrop,  who  d.  12  Ap.  1643.  He  resided  for  short  periods  at  Boston, 
Ipswich,  and  Salisbury ;  was  Representative  1641,  1644;  and  settled  in  the 
ministry  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  1650,  where  he  d.  1683,  a.  77.  His  children,  ac- 
cording to  Farmer,  were  Thomas,  bap.  9  Mar.  1634,  grad.  H.  C.  1657,  d.  7 
Nov.  1655;  John,  bap.  28  June  1635;  Margaret;  Samuel,  bap.  2  Aug.  1639, 
d.  17  Ap.  1643  ;  Anne,  b.  16  Oct.  1657,  m.  Edward  Hilton  of  Exeter;  The- 
ophilus,  b.  4  Oct.  1644;  Mary,  b.  and  d.  1646  ;  Biley,  b.  27  Sept.  1647;  Mary, 
b.  1649,  m.  Samuel  Hardy,  a  schoolmaster,  of  Beverly,  24  Jan.  1676;  Thomas; 
Stephen;  James;  Timothy;  Abigail;  Dorothy;  Rebecca;  Elizabeth,  who  m. 
Kinsley  Hall;  Samuel.  His  descendants  are  very  numerous,  particularly  in 
New  Hampshire.  See  Dudley  Genealogies,  by  Dean  Dudley,  pp.  19,  20. 

DUNKLIN.  NATHANIEL  (otherwise  written  Duntlin),  owned  land  at  Cam- 
bridge Farms,  in  1699.  NATHANIEL,  probably  the  same,  by  w.  Mary,  had 
Robert,  b.  13  Mar.  1709-10. 

DUNSTER,  HENRY,  President  of  Harvard  College  from  27  Aug.  1640  to 
24  Oct.  1654,  m.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  Rev.  Jose  Glover,  21  June  1641;  she  d. 

23  Aug.  1643,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth ,  and  had  David,  b.  16  May  1645, 

who  was  an  expensive  son  to  his  mother,  went  to  England  about  1664,  and 
returned  not;  Dorothy,  b.  29  Jan.  1647-8,  prob.  d.  young;  Henry,  b.  about 
1650,  prob.  d.  young;  Jonathan,  b.  28  Sept.  or  27  Oct.  1653;  Elizabeth,  b.  29 
Dec.  1656,  was  the  second  wife  of  Major  Jonathan  Wade  of  Medford  (by 
whom  she  had  Elizabeth,  b.  1687,  d.  unm.  19  Aug.  1721;  Dorothy,  b.  17 
Feb.  1689,  d.  young);  Major  Wade  d.  24  Nov.  1689  and  she  m.  Colonel 
Nathaniel  Thomas  of  Marshfield  (a  Judge  of  the  Sup.  Court),  about  1714  ;  he 
d.  22  Oct.  1718,  and  she  returned  to  Medford,  where  she  d.  between  31  May 
and  8  Nov.  1729.  HENRY  the  f.  d.  at  Scituate  27  Feb.  1658-9,  and  was 
buried  in  Cambridge,  as  specially  directed  in  his  will ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  2 
Sept.  1690,  a.  60,  according  to  the  Record;  but  she  was  probably  somewhat 
older.  In  a  memoir,  formerly  in  possession  of  Rev.  Samuel  Sewall  of  Bur- 


538  DUNSTER. 

lington,  drawn  up  by  his  predecessor,  Rev.  John  Marrett,  a  lineal  descendant 
of  this  family,  it  is  said  that  President  Dunster  was  son  of  Henry,  of  Bale- 
hoult,  England,  a  man  liberally  educated  and  living  20  Mar.  1640,  as  appears 
by  a  letter  from  him  of  that  date;  that  he  had  three  brothers,  Thomas, 
Richard,  and  Robert,  and  two  sisters,  Faith,  who  m.  Edmund  Rice  of  Sud- 
bury,  and  had  many  children,  and  Dorothy,  who  m.  [Simon]  Willard  and 
had  children.  The  marriage  of  Faith  to  Edmund  Rice  I  have  not  been  able 
to  verify;  nor  have  I  found  evidence  that  Dorothy  was  the  name  of  Mrs.  Wil- 
lard. In  the  Amer.  Quar.  Reg.,  1839,  it  is  stated  that  Major  Willard  m.  two 
of  Mr.  Dunster's  sisters;  but  their  names  are  given  as  Elizabeth  (or  Isabel), 
and  Mary.  Mr.  Dunster,  in  his  will,  speaks  of  his  sister  Willard,  and  also  of 
sister  Hills,  understood  to  be  the  w.  of  Joseph  Hills  of  Maiden;  but  Mr. 
Hills  m.  Helen  Adkinson  (or  Atkinson)  in  Jan.  1655-6,  who  was  prob.  living 
at  the  date  of  the  will,  1658;  she  may,  however,  have  been  a  widow,  at  the 
time  of  this  marriage,  or  she  may  have  been  sister  to  Mrs.  Dunster,  and 
sister-in-law  to  the  testator.  He  also  speaks  of  his  cousin  Bowers  (the  wife  of 
Benanuel),  and  cousin  Faith  Dunster.  It  is  singular  that  so  much  obscurity 
should  rest  on  such  a  distinguished  family,  even  the  name  or  origin  of  his  wife 
not  being  known.  The  only  clue  which  the  most  diligent  search  has  obtained, 
is  a  bequest  to  her,  in  his  will,  of  "  twelve  or  sixteen  books  brought  by  her 
out  of  England." 

2.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Henry  (1)  m.  Abigail  Eliot,  prob.  dau.  of  Francis  of 
Braintree,  5  Dec.  1678;  she  d.  and  he  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  Maj.  Jonathan  Wade 
of  Medford  (by  his  first  wife),  5  Ap.  1692  ;  after  her  death  he  in.  Ruth,  wid. 
of  Joshua  Eaton  of  Reading,  —  marriage  contract  signed  23  Nov.  1719.      His 
children  were  (by  first  wife),  Henry,  b.  17  July,  1680;   Elizabeth,  b.  22  Feb. 
1681-2,   d.  young;  and  by  second  wife,  Jonathan,  b.  1695,  d.  unm.  11  April 
1742,  aged  47;  Elizabeth,  b.  about  1699,  m.  Philip  Carteret  (or  De  Carteret), 

and  d.  25  Jan.  1787,  aged  87,  as  inscribed  on  her  gravestone;  Thomas,  b. , 

d.  unm.  between  3  Ap.  1726  and  1  Ap.  1728;  Dorothy,  b.  1702,  m.   Solomon 
Page  of  Hampton,  N.  H.  (prob.  the  graduate  H.  C.  1729),  13  Ap.  1732,  and 
d.  13  Oct.  1741,  leaving  five  children;  David,  b.  1705.     JONATHAN  the  f.  d. 
1725;   his  w.    Ruth  m.   Lieut.   Amos    Marrett   22   Nov.   1732,   and  after  his 
death,  Peter  Hayes  of  Stoneham,  pub.  30  Sept.  1742. 

3.  HENRY,  s.  of  Jonathan  (2),  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Jason  Russell,  25  Feb. 
1707-8,  and  had  Martha,   b.   7   Feb.   1708-9,   m.   Edward  Dickson   18  Mar. 
1730-31;   Mary,  b.   7  July,   1712,  ra.  Amos  Marrett  21   Sept.  1732;  Abigail, 
bap.  21  Mar.  1713-14,  m.  James  Cutler  (pub.  29  Oct.  1737);  Elizabeth,  b.  7 
July  1717,  d.  7  Nov.   1717;  Isaiah,  b.  21  Oct.  1720,  grad.  H.  C.   1741,  or- 
dained in  the  north  parish  of  Harwich  (now  Brewster)  2  Nov.  1748,  and  d.  18 
Jan.  1791.  a.  70;  Henry,  b.  13  Feb.  1722-3;  Elizabeth,  bap.  10  May  1724,  d. 
young;   Jason,   bap.   18  July  1725;    Eunice,    bap.    26    May  1728,  d.   young; 
Jonathan,  bap.   1  June  1729,  d.  young;  Ruth,  bap.   7  Oct.  1733,  d.  30  June 
1735.     HENRY  the  f.  d.  28  Jan.  1753,  a.  72;  his  w.  Martha  m.  Francis  Locke 
15  Mar.  1759. 

4.  DAVID,  s.  of  Jonathan  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Hubbard  Russell,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  bap.  25  Ap.  1731  ;  Mary,  bap.  4  Mar.  1732-3;  Margery,  b.  1739; 
and  others.     Mr.  Dunster  resided  in  Menotomy;  but  removed  to  Westminster 
(being  dismissed  from  the  Church  17  Oct.  1742,  to  help  form  a  Church  at 
Narragansett  No.  2),  where  he  d.  1758,  leaving  w.  Mary,  and  chil.  Hubbard ; 
Thomas ;  Elizabeth,  w.  of  James  Taylor;  Mary,  w.  of  David  Bemis;  Margery ; 
Ruhamah ;  Carteret ;  Henry. 

5.  HENRY,   s.   of   Henry  (3),  m.    Abigail   Moore   27   Ap.    1748,   and   had 
(posthumous),  a  daughter,  b.  and  d.  4  Mar.  1748-9.     He  d.  13  Oct.  1748,  a. 
25;  his  w.  Abigail,  m.  Jonathan  Harrington  of  Lex.  (pub.  9  June  1750). 

6.  JASON,  s.  of  Henry  (3),   m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Samuel  Cutter  26  Oct. 
1749,  and  had  Ruth,   b.  10  Aug.  1750;  Rebecca,  b.  17  Aug.  1752,  d.  5  July 
1753;  Henry,  b.  4  Aug.  1754;  Rebecca,  b.  18  June  1756;  Martha,  b.  28  Aug. 
1758;  Josiah,  b.  10  Ap.  1761;  Jason,  b.  27  Mar.  1763;  Samuel  Cutter,  b.  20 
Ap.  1766.     Before  5  Aug.  1769  Mr.  Dunster  removed  to  Mason,  N.  H.,  and  d. 
1  805,  a.  80. 


DUNSTER  —  EATON.  539 

7.  HENRY,  parentage  not  ascertained,  had  Elizabeth,  bap.  24  May,  1767. 

ELIZABETH,  called  cousin  by  Henry  (1),  m.  Benanuel  Bowers,  9  Dec. 
1653.  FAITH,  called  cousin  by  Henry  (1),  m.  John  Page,  at  Groton,  12  May 
1664. 

DUTTON,  ELIZABETH,  m.  Benjamin  Crackbone  6  Nov.  1657. 

EAGER,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  2Egur,  Egar,  and  Eger),  m.  Ruth 
Hill  in  Maiden,  1659,  and  was  here  between  1672  and  1682.  His  w.  Ruth  d.  16 
Jan.  1679-80,  and  he  m.  Hester  Cole  (Lydia,  wid.  of  Arthur?)  13  Ap.  1680. 
His  children,  born  here,  vrere  Zerubbabel,  b.  8  June  1672;  Martha,  b.  26  Nov. 
1674;  Ruth,  b.  1  Feb.  1677;  Sarah,  b.  25  June  1679;  Margaret,  b.  25  May 
1681.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  at  Maryborough  4  Ap.  1690;  in  his  will,  dated  Dec. 
1687,  he  speaks  of  his  w.  Lydia,  and  children,  William,  Zachary,  Abraham, 
Zerubbabel,  James,  Jacob,  Sarah,  Margaret,  Mercy,  Lydia,  Esther,  Ruth,  and 
one  unborn.  Many  of  his  descendants  may  be  found  in  the  County  of  Wor- 
cester, especially  in  the  vicinity  of  Shrewsbury.  "  Abraham  (w.  Lydia),  Zech- 
ariah  (w.  Elizabeth),  Zerubbabel  (m.  Hannah  Kerly  1697),  had  children  in 
Marlborough,  from  about  1693."  Barry's  Hist.  Fram.  In  Camb.,  Mercy  m. 
David  Morse  of  Newton  1  May  1706,  and  Margaret  m.  Isaac  Mannin^  8  Ap. 
1708. 

EAMES.  THOMAS  (having  previously  resided  at  Dedham,  where  he  had 
John,  b.  16  May,  1641,  d.  17  Sept.  1641 ;  John,  b.  6  Oct.  1642,  and  Mary,  b.  24 
May,  1645),  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  Jonathan  Paddlefoot,  and  had  Thomas,  bap.  here 
12  July  1663;  at  Sudbnry,  Samuel,  b.  15  Jan.  1664-5;  Margaret,  b.  8  July 
1666;  Nathaniel,  b.  30  Dec.  1668;  and  at  Framingham,  Sarah,  b.  3  Oct. 
1670;  Lydia,  b.  29  June  1672.  While  at  Framingham  his  house  was  de- 
stroyed, and  his  wife  and  some  of  his  children  were  killed  by  the  Indians.  He 
d.  25  Jan.  1680,  a.  about  62.  See  Barry's  Hist.  Framingham. 

EASON,  JOSEPH,  owned  a  two-acre  lot  on  the  northerly  side  of  Brattle 
Street  in  1635,  which  he  sold  about  1638,  to  Abraham  Morrill.  He  "re- 
moved early  to  Hartford."  Savage. 

EATON,  NATHANIEL,  styled  a  schoolmaster  by  Winthrop,  and  brother  to 
Gov.  Theophilus  Eaton,  was  the  first  teacher  at  Harvard  College,  before  it 
was  fully  organized  by  the  appointment  of  Dunster  to  be  President.  Mather  re- 
lates that  while  preparations  were  in  progress  for  the  erection  of  a  college  edi- 
fice "  a  society  of  scholars,  to  lodge  in  the  new  nests,  were  forming  under  the 
conduct  of  one  Mr.  Nathaniel  Eaton,  a  blade  who  marvellously  deceived  the 
expectations  of  good  men  concerning  him ;  for  he  was  one  fitter  to  be  master  of 
Bridewell  than  a  College;  and  though  his  avarice  was  notorious  enough  to  get 
the  name  of  a  Philargyrius  fixed  upon  him,  yet  his  cruelty  was  more  scandal- 
ous than  his  avarice.  He  was  a  rare  scholar  himself,  and  he  made  many 
more  such;  but  their  education  truly  was  in  the  school  of  Tyrannus."  His 
severity  and  other  misconduct  attracted  public  attention.  He  was  fined  and 
discharged  from  his  office  by  the  General  Court,  and  excommunicated  by  the 
Church.  He  fled  to  Virginia,  and  subsequently  to  England,  where  he  is  said 
to  have  died  in  prison  for  debt  after  rendering  himself  an  object  of  detestation 
by  his  persecution  of  his  former  brethren  in  the  faith.  While  he  remained  in 
Virginia  "  he  sent  for  his  wife  and  children.  Her  friends  here  persuaded  her 
to  stay  a  while,  but  she  went  notwithstanding,  and  the  vessel  was  never  heard 
of  after."  (Winthrop.)  One  child,  Benoni,  remained  in  Cambridge;  the 
names  of  the  others  are  not  known. 

2.  BENONI,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (1),  was  brought  up  in  the  family  of  Deac. 
Chesholme,  and  the  Church  contributed  something  for  his  maintenance.  He 
became  a  maltster,  and  res.  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop 


1690-91,  a.  24;  and,  perhaps,  Ursula,  who  m.  Jacob  Parker  of  Boston  29 
Ap.  1708.  BENONI  the  f.  d.  20  Dec.  1690;  his  wid.  Rebecca  m.  John  Hast- 
ings 28  Sept.  1691. 

ALBEE,  m.  Francis  Moore  7  Sept.  1650.     WILLIAM,  m.  Elizabeth  Osborn, 
in  Camb.,  1  Jan.  1781. 


540  ECCLES  — ERRINGTON. 

ECCLES,  RICHARD,  resided  for  a  time  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  Common, 
and  afterwards  on  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets.  By  his  w. 
Mary  he  had  Timothy,  b.  15  Mar.  1644-5,  d.  21  Nov.  1656.  Mary,  m.  John 
Watson  of  Roxbury;  Anna  (or  Hannah),  m.  Gershom  Brooks  of  Concord; 
Martha,  m.  Thomas  Andrew  30  Oct.  1673.  His  w.  Mary  d.  23  Aug.  1675,  and 
he  m.  Susanna  Carter  4  June  1677.  Mr.  Eccles  was  a  weaver,  and  d.  before  10 
Mar.  1696-7,  when  the  estate  was  sold  by  his  daus.  Mary  and  Anna  (both 
widows),  and  Martha,  whose  husband,  Thomas  Andrew,  joined  in  the  sale. 

ELDRED,  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Oct.  1642;  Samuel, 
b.  26  Oct.  1644;  Mary,  b.  15  June  1646;  Thomas,  b.  8  Sept.  1648;  no  further 
trace  of  the  family  is  found  here. 

ELIOT,  JOHN,  styled  the  "Apostle  to  the  Indians,"  was  for  nearly  sixty 
years  minister  at  Roxbury,  where  he  d.  20  May  1690.  By  his  w.  Ann  (or 
Hannah),  he  had  Hannah,  b.  17  Sept,  1633;  John,  b.  31  Aug.  1636  ;  Joseph, 
b.  20  Dec.  1638,  grad.  H.  C.  1658,  minister  at  Guilford,  Conn.,  where  he  d. 
24  May  1694;  Samuel,  b.  22  June  1641,  grad.  H.  C.  1660,  Fellow  of  the  Col- 
lege and  candidate  for  the  ministry,  d.  1  Nov.  1664;  Aaron,  b.  19  Feb.  1643-4, 
d.  18  Nov.  1655  ;  Benjamin,  b.  29  Jan.  1646-7,  grad.  H.  C.  1665,  assisted  his 
father  in  the  ministry,  and  d.  15  Oct.  1687. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1656,  was  ordained  20  July  1664,  the 
first  minister  at  Cambridge  Village  (now  Newton),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Thomas 
Willett  of  Swansea  (first  English  mayor  of  New  York);  she  d.  13  June  1664 
(or  1665,  as  Jackson  says),  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Gen.  Daniel  Gookin, 
23  May  1666.     By  his  first  wife  he  had  Sarah,  bap.  21   Sept.  1662,  m.  John 
Bowles  of  Roxbury  16  Nov.  1681;  and  by  his  second  wife,  John,  b.  28  April 
1667,  who  was  educated  by  his  grandparents,  grad.  H.  C.  1685,  and  res.  in 
Windsor,  Conn.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  11  Oct.  1668;  his  widow  Elizabeth  m.  Col. 
Edmund   Quincy  8  Dec.  1680.     Mr.  Eliot  "was  a  person  of  notable  accom- 
plishments, and  a  lively,  zealous,  acute  preacher,  not  only  to  the  English  at 
New  Cambridge,  but  also  to  the  Indians  thereabout."     Mather. 

3.  EBENEZER,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Susanna  Soden  2  May  1745, 
and  had  Susanna,  b.  19  Mar.  1745-6,  m.  Aaron  Swan  19  Sept.  1765;  Hannah, 
b.  18  Jan.  1747-8;  Ebenezer,  b.  18  Aug.  1749;  Lovisa,  b.  20  Aug.  1751;  Mar- 
garet, b.  30  June  1753;  Elizabeth  Prentice,  b.    27  Sept.  1755;  Thomas,  b.  3 
Jan.  1758;  Rebecca  and  Abigail,  twins,  b.  4  Feb.  1760.     Before  1770  Mr. 
Eliot  removed  with  his  family  to  Royalston. 

ELMER,  EDWARD,  was  here  in  1635  and  owned  several  tracts  of  land;  but 
removed  to  Hartford  before  1639. 

ELY,  NATHANIEL  (or  Elly),  in  1635  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden 
Street,  nearly  opposite  to  the  Botanic  Garden.  He  rem.  with  the  first  com- 
pany to  Connecticut,  and  was  one  of  the  purchasers  of  Norvvalk  from  the 
Indians  in  1651.  At  Hartford,  he  was  "a  Constable  in  1639,  Townsman  in 
1644,  also  in  1649,  Juror  in  1643,  was  in  the  division  of  land  in  1639.  He 
was  one  of  the  settlers  of  Norwalk,  but  afterwards  rem.  to  Springfield.  He 
was  a  loss  to  the  Colony."  Hinman. 

EMMONS,  THOMAS,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  26  Nov.  1683.  MARY,  m. 
Mephibosheth  Bigsbeeof  Andover  28  May  1713.  THOMAS,  m.  Hannah  Cutter 
17  Nov.  1726.  HANNAH,  m.  Daniel  Champney,  Jr.,  22  Sept.  1746. 

ENSIGN,  JAMES,  in  1635,  owned  an  estate  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brighton 
Street,  extending  from  Mt.  Auburn  Street  to  Winthrop  Street.  He  rem.  with 
the  first  company  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Constable  in  1645  and  1648,  and 
died  1670.  See  Hinman. 

ERRINGTON,  ANN  (otherwise  written  Erinton,  Arrington,  Herrington,  and 
Harrington),  a  widow,  died  here  11  Dec.  1653;  or  according  to  the  inscrip- 
tion on  her  gravestone,  the  most  ancient  now  standing  in  our  burial  ground, 
25  Dec.  1653,  a.  77.  She  was  formerly  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  as  appears 
by  a  document  recorded  Mid.  Reg.  Deeds,  i.  87.  It  is  not  known  at  what 
time  she  came  here,  nor  whether  she  was  at  that  time  a  widow.  She  left  chil- 
dren, Abraham;  Rebecca,  who  m.  John  Watson;  and  possibly  Robert  of  Water- 
town. 


ERRINGTON— FARRABAS.  541 

2.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Ann  (1),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Robert  Cutler  of  Chs.,  and 
had  Rebecca,  bap.  here,  m.  John  Gibson  9  Dec.  1668;  Abraham,  b.  11  Nov. 
1652,  d.  young;  Abraham,  b.  1  Nov.  1654,  d.  young;  Hannah,  bap.  here,  in. 

Thomas  Ayres,  and  was  living  in  Newbury  in  1699;  Sarah,  bap.  here,  m. 

Lewis,  and  was  living  in  1716;  Mary,  bap.  13  Jan.  1660-61,  d.  prob.  1689; 

Abraham,  bap.  8  Nov.  1663,  d.  prob.  1689;  Ann,  b. ,  m. Parker, 

and  was  living  in  1697;  Jacob,  b.  12  Sept.  1668,  d.  2  Oct.  1668;  and  perhaps 
others.  ABRAHAM  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of 
Brighton  Street,  about  midway  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount  Auburn 
Street ;  he  owned  also  the  lot  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  street,  where  the  old 
"Porter  Tavern"  stands.  He  d.  9  May  1677,  a.  55;  his  wid.  Rebecca  d. 
prob.  1697,  as  in  that  year  she  received  alms  for  the  last  time  of  the  Church, 
and  in  the  same  year  a  final  settlement  was  made  of  her  husband's  estate. 
She  seems  to  have  endured  much  affliction  in  her  old  age.  Frequent  donations 
were  made  to  her  by  the  Church  between  1686  and  1697,  and  for  a  much 
longer  period  to  her  daughters  Gibson  and  Lewis,  both  widows.  Especially, 
in  1689,  "there  was  a  contribution  for  widow  Arrington  and  her  family, 
they  being  under  the  afflicting  hand  of  God;  her  sons  were  taken  away  by 
death,  and  her  daughter,  and  a  grandchild."  The  male  line  seems  to  have 
become  extinct. 

ESTABKOOK,  JOSEPH,  according  to  Savage  came  from  Enfield  in  Middle- 
sex, England,  about  1660.  He  grad.  H.  C.  1664,  and  was  ordained  at  Con- 
cord, where  he  continued  in  the  ministry  during  life.  He  m.  Mary,  dau.  of 
Capt.  Hugh  Mason,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  6  May  1669;  Benjamin,  b.  24  Feb. 
1670-71;  Mary,  b.  28  Oct  1672;  Samuel,  b.  7  June  1674,  grad.  H.  C.  1696, 
ordained  at  Canterbury,  Conn.,  13  June  1711  (Trumbull) ,  and  d.  26  June 
1727;  Daniel,  b.  14  Feb.  1675-6;  Ann,  b.  30  Dec.  1677.  Such  are  the  dates 
of  Births,  on  the  County  Records.  Savage  has  some  of  them  different.  I 
know  not  which  is  the  more  correct.  Rev.  JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  16  Sept.  1711. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (1),  m.,  at  the  Farms,  Millicent  Woodis  31  Dec. 
1689;  she  d.   20  Mar.  1692-3,  and  he  m.  Hannah,  wid.  of  Joseph  Loring,  25 
Aug.  1693.     His  children  were  Joseph,  b.   10  Oct.  1690;   John,  b.  28  July 
1694;  Solomon,  b.  22  Dec.  1696,  "deceased  in  15  days;"  Hannah,  b.  2.  Aug. 
1698;  Millicent,  b.  21   Mar.  1700;    Elijah,  b.  25  Aug.   1703.     JOSEPH  the  f. 
res.  at  Cambridge  Farms,  or  Lexington,  was  a  Captain,  was  elected  Deacon 
1716,  and  d.  23  Sept.  1733,  a.  64. 

3.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Joseph  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1690,  commenced  preaching  at 
Camb.  Farms  in  May   1692;  was  ordained  there,   21    Oct.    1696,  and  d.  22 
July  1697,  a.  26.     By  his  w.  Abigail  (dau.  of  Rev.  Samuel  Willard),  he  had 
Benjamin,  b.  13  Dec.  1695,  and  Richard,  b.  5  July  1697. 

4.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  m.   Submit,  dau.  of  Joseph  Loring,  8  July 
1713;  she  d.  31  Mar.  1718,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Bowman  26  Mar.  1719.     His 
children  were  Joseph,  b.   27  June,  and  d.   17  July  1714;  Joseph,  b.  16  and 
d.  18  Mar.  1717-18;  Joseph,  b.   9  Ap.  1720;   Hannah,  b.  22  Sept.  1725,   d. 
young;  Benjamin,  b.  9  Oct.  1727,  d.  29  Dec.  1728;  Hannah,  b.  24  Oct.  1728; 
Benjamin,  b.  20  Dec.  1729  (whose   son  Joseph,  b.  4  Mar.  1758,  grad.   H.  C. 
1782,  was  ordained  at  Athol  21   Nov.    1787,  and  d.   1830);  a  daughter,  b.  6 
Oct.   1731;  Solomon,  b.  10   June,  and   d.  1  Oct.  1733;  Samuel,  b.  16  June 
1735;   Millicent,  b.   25  July  1738;    Ebenezer,  posthumous,  b.  21  Sept.  1740. 
JOSEPH  the  f.  succeeded  his  father  in  the  office  of  Deacon  1733,  and  d.  19 
Aug.  1740,  a.  nearly  50. 

ESTWICK,  PHEASANT,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Stephen,  b.  3  Oct.  1679. 

EVERETT,  FRANCIS,  m.  Mary  Edwards  7  Dec.  1675.  The  name  does  not 
occur  again  on  our  Records,  for  about  a  century. 

FANNING,  THOMAS,  m.  Elizabeth  Daniel  17  May  1655.  He  was  of 
Camb.  in  1652,  when  he  purchased  of  John  Belts  land  in  Billerica.  He  d.  in 
Wat.  30  Aug.  1685,  leaving  wid.  Elizabeth,  and  children,  Mary,  w.  of  Benoni 
Lamed,  Elizabeth,  and  Sarah.  His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  27  Jan.  1722,  a.  92. 

FARRABAS,  DANIEL,  m.  Rebecca  Perriman  27  Mar.  1660;  she  d.  1  May 
1677  in  Camb.,  and  he  m.  Deborah  Rideat  22  May  1679.  He  had  in  Camb. 


542  FARRABAS  —  FESSENDEN. 

Daniel,  b.  20  Nov.  1664;  Thomas,  b.  7  Mar.  1666-7;  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Mar. 
1669;  in  Concord,  Rebecca,  b.  15  Feb.  1672;  Samuel,  b. ;  and  in  Marl- 
borough,  John,  b.  1681;  Isaac,  b.  30  Oct.  1682;  Jonathan,  b.  12  Mar.  1684. 
DANIEL  the  f.  d  in  Oct.  1687.  This  name  subsequently  underwent  various 
transformations,  becoming  Farrowbush  in  1688,  and  Forbush  in  1693,  at 
Marlborough,  and  afterwards  Forbes  at  Westborough. 

FASSETT,  JOSEPH,  owned  land  at  the  Farms,  1699.  He  was  prob.  the 
same  who  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  William  Munroe,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  6  Dec.  1701. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (1),  res.  at  Lex.,  and  by  w.  Amittai,  had  Joseph, 
b.  and  d.  8  Jan.  1726-7;  Mary,  b.  18  Aug.  and  d.  12  Oct.  1728;  Joseph,  b.  21 
Mar.  1730-31;  Amittai,  b.  1  Feb.  1732-3;  m.  Simon  Newton  of  Bedford  14 
Nov.  1754;  Mary,  b.  9  May  1736  ;  John,  b.  7  Dec.  1739;  Jonathan,  b.  15 
Mar.  1741-2;  Sarah,  b.  13  Jan.  1744-5.  JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  1755;  his  w. 
Amittai  m.  John  Page  of  Bedford  15  Jan.  1756,  and  d.  25  Dec.  1771. 

FEAN,  HANNAH,  "  Servant  to  Nathaniel  Sparhawk,"  d.  11  Mar.  1650-11. 

FELCH,  SAMUEL,  a  tailor,  rem.  here  from  Weston  in  1718,  having  w. 
Catherine  and  children,  among  whom  were  Catherine,  m.  Henry  Prentice  31 
Jan.  1728-9;  and  Jemima,  m.  Abraham  Hasey  17  Jan.  1739-40;  he  had  here, 
Ruth,  b.  30  July  1719,  d.  9  July  1722;  Samuel,  b.  21  Sept.  1721;  Elizabeth, 
b.  13  Ap.  1723;  Abigail,  b.  26  Ap.  1725.  SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  1725,  and  his  w. 
Catherine  m.  Joseph  Badger  2  June  1731. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (1),  had  Eunice,  bap.  16  Sept.  1744,  and  Samuel, 
bap.  21  Feb.  1747-8. 

FERGUSON,  RICHARD  (Forginson  on  Town  Rec.  and  Fergeson  on  Ch.  Rec.), 
m.  Sarah  Hurley  31  July  1690,  and  d.  apparently  s.  p.  25  April  1701 ;  his  w. 
Sarah  m.  John  Laicore  11  Aug.  1701. 

2.  JOHN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  had  five  children  baptized  here:  Anne, 
24  Jan.  1724-5;  Mary,  26  Nov.  1727;  John,  19  July  1730;  James,  7  May 
1732;  David,  29  June  1735. 

DELIVERANCE,  owned  the  covenant  in  1697,  and  was  probably  the  same 
who  m.  William  Chamberlain  at  Watertown  20  Dec.  1698. 

FESSENDEN,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Fesenden,  Fessinden,  Fessington, 
Fezington,  Fiziden,  Fisenden,  Fissenclen,  Fishenden,  Fishington,  Phesenden, 
and  Phesington),  was  here  as  early  as  1638,  and  res.  at  the  southerly  corner  of 
Winthrop  and  Eliot  streets;  which  estate  he  sold  in  1639,  and  purchased  a 
house  and  land  on  the  westerly  side  of  Eliot  Street  south  of  Mt.  Auburn  Street. 
The  family  res.  here  for  more  than  a  century.  Mr.  Fessenden  was  a  glover, 
Selectman  eleven  years,  from  1656  until  his  death,  and  d.  21  Dec.  1666;  his 
w.  Jane  d.  13  Jan.  1682-3,  a.  80.  They  left  no  children.  Their  estate  was 
large,  for  that  period,  and  descended  by  will  to  their  "  cousin  Nicholas  Fes- 
senden," except  a  few  legacies  to  others,  among  which  was  one  of  £30  to 
"  cousin  Hannah  Sewall,"  prob.  sister  to  Nicholas  Fessenden. 

2.  NICHOLAS,  prob.  nephew  to  John  (1),  was  a  glover,  and  inherited  the 
homestead.     By  his  w.  Margaret,  he  had  Jane,  b.  25   Oct.    1674,  d.  24  July 
1676  ;  Hannah,  b.  27  Aug.  1676,  d.  4  Sept.  1676  ;  John,  b.  4  Oct.  1677  ;  Nicholas, 
b.  12  Ja'n.  1680-81;  Thomas,  b.  4  and  d.  28  Jan.  1682-3;  Thomas,  b.  12  Aug. 
1684;  Margaret,  b.  22  Jan.  1686-7,  living  unm.  1742;  Jane,  b.  22  Ap.  1688, 
m.  SamuelWinship  10  Jan.  1711-12;  Mary,  b.  28  Oct.  1689,  m.  Joshua  Par- 
ker 15  June  1712;  Ebenezer,  b.  prob.  1692  ;  William,  b.  1694;  Joseph,  bap.  17 
Jan.  1696-7;  Anna,  bap.  9  Jan.   1697-8;  Benjamin,  bap.  15  June  1701,  grad. 
H.  C.  1718,  ord.  at  Sandwich,  12  Sept.  1722,  and  d.  7  Aug.  1746.     NICHOLAS 
the  f.  d.  24  Feb.  1718-19,  a.  68;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  10  Dec.  1717,  a.  61. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of   Nicholas  (2),  m.   Sarah,  dau.  of  John  Squiers,  and  had 
John,  b.  21   Oct.   1704;  Sarah,  b.  17  July  1706,  m.  Thomas  Cheney  30  July 
1729;  Jonathan,  bap.  24  July  1709;  Jabez"  bap.  9  Jan.  1714-15,  d.  1743;  Mary, 
(named  in  division  of  her  father's  estate),  m.  Stephen  Jennings  of  Framing- 
ham,  pub.  9  June  1737.     JOHN  the  f.  was  of  Lexington  1721,  and  d.  prob. 
1739;  his  Inventory  is  dated  24  Nov.  1739. 

4.  NICHOLAS,  s.  of  Nicholas  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1701,  m.  Sarah,  wid.  of  Ste- 
phen Coolidge  and  dau.  of  Capt.  Josiah  Parker,  8  Aug.  1 706,  and  had  Elizabeth, 


FESSENDEN.  543 

b.  19  May  1707,  m.  Jacob  Sweetser  of  Maiden  4  May  1732;  Sarah,  b.  23  Oct. 
1708;  Nicholas,  b.  8  July  1710,  a  brazier  in  Boston  1737,  and  prob.  the  same 
who  d.  there  of  apoplexy  22  Nov.  1753;  Anne,  bap.  11  May  1712,  d.  6  June 
1714;  Mary,  b.  19  May  1714,  m.  Mr.  Timothy  Bourne  of  Sandwich,  pub.  26 
Oct.  1741;  Josiah,  bap.  10  June  1716;  Stephen,  posthumous,  bap.  25  Oct. 
1719,  grad.  H.  C.  1737,  was  a  lawyer  in  Worcester  1742,  and  is  said  to  have 
been  remarkable  for  the  neatness  and  accuracy  of  his  official  papers;  he 
did  not  long  remain  in  Worcester,  but  whither  he  removed  is  not  ascertained. 
NICHOLAS  the  f.  res.  near  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets; 
he  was  Register  of  Probate  1704  to  1709,  master  of  the  Grammar  School  in 
Cambridge  for  many  years,  and  d.  suddenly  (prob.  of  apoplexy),  5  Oct.  1719; 
his  w.  Sarah  was  living  in  1737. 

5.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Nicholas  (2),  m.  Abigail  Poulter  1708;  she  d.  25  Ap.  1719, 
and  he  m.  Abigail  Locke  8  Jan.  1720;  she  d.  12  June  1736,  and  he  m.  Anna 
Fillebrown  29  Dec.  1737.     After  about  1712,  he  resided  at  Lex.     His  children 
were    Thomas,  b.  9  Dec.  1709;    Samuel,  b.  11  Aug.  1711;   Abigail,  b.  13  July 

1713;  Mary,  b.  17  Jan.  1716;  Elizabeth,  b. ,  d.  25  Ap.  1719;  Elizabeth,  b. 

18  Mar.  1721  ;  Jonathan,  b.  28  Ap.  1723;  Hannah,  b.  18  June  1725,  d.  young; 
Hannah,  b.   19  Jan.  1726-7,  d.  21   Ap.  1729;  John,  b.  27  Ap.  1729,  rem.  to 
Rutland,  was  Representative,  Senator,  member  of  the  Committee  on  Confis- 
cated Estates,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  etc.,  and  d.  of  apoplexy  7  Ap.  1793,  a.  64, 
having  had  seven  children  (See  Reed's  Hist,  of  Rutland) ;  Timothy,  b.  6  May 
1731;   Benjamin,  b.  9  Jan.  1733-4;   Submit,  b.  28  May  1736,  d.  6  Jan.  1737. 
THOMAS  the  f.  d.  6  Mar.  1738,  a.  53 ;  his  w.  Anna  d.  at  Menotomy  (suicide) 
12  July  1753,  a.  62. 

6.  KBKNKZER,  s.  of  Nicholas  (2),  m.  Elizabeth  Barrett  13  June  1733,  and 
Alice  Badcock  16  Ap.  1742.     His  children  were  Alice,  bap.  18  Dec.  1743,  m. 
Thomas  Ireland,  Jr.,  of  Chs.  28  Jan.  1768;  Elizabeth,  bap.  27  Ap.  1746,  m. 
William   Stanwood  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  (pub.  30  Ap.  1768)  ;  Lucy,  bap.  30 
Sept.  1750,  m.  Samuel  Foster  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  15  Oct.  1772.   EBENEZER 
the  f.  d.  about  1756    (his  will  proved  13  Sept.   1756),  and  his  w.  Alice  m. 
James  Pierce  26  June  1760. 

7.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Nicholas  (2),  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  William  Wyeth  12  Oct. 
1716,  and  Martha,  dau.  of  Ichabod  Brown.     His  children  were  Ruth,  b.  28 
June  1717,  m.  John  Hunt  of  Watertown  ;    William,  b.  7  Dec.  1718;  Martha, 
b.  29  Feb.  1719-20,  m.  John  Cheney  (pub.  23  Sept.  1738),  and  was  living,  his 
widow,  in  Rox.  1760;  Margaret,  b.  8  Nov.  1721,  d.  17  Sept.  1722;  Benjamin, 
b.  14  Jan.    1722-3,  d.  21   Sept.  1723;  Benjamin,  b.  23  Oct.  1724,  d.  21   Nov. 
1724;  Nicholas,  b.  22  Nov.  1725;  Peter,  b.  16  Aug.  1728,  was  living  in  Rut- 
land District  (now  Barre),  1760;  John,  b.  16  June  1730;  Hannah,  b.  15  Aug. 

1732,  m.  John  Wright,  a  physician  in  Camb.  (pub.  25  Jan.  1752-3),  d.  9  Dec. 
1800,  a.  68;  Benjamin,  bap.  25   Aug.   1734;  Ebenezer,  bap.   10  July  1737; 
Thomas,  bap.  15  July  1739,  grad.  H.  C.  1758,  ord.  at  Walpole,  N.  H.,  7  Jan. 
1767,  and  d.  9   May 'l813   (he  was  father  to  Thos.  G.  Fessenden,  well  known 
as  an  editor  and  a  poet,  who  d.  at  Boston  of  apoplexy   11   Nov.  1837);  Mar- 
garet, bap.  17  Jan.  1741-2,  d.  unm.  22  Feb.  1815,  a.  73;  Martha,  bap.  19  Oct. 
1746,  according  to  the  Record;  but  another  Martha  was  then  living,  and  the 
Record  may  be  suspected  of  error.    Nicholas,  Benjamin,  and  Ebenezer  are  not 
named  in  the  division  of  their  father's  estate,  and  probably  died  young  ;  only 
one  Martha  had  a  share.     WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  res.  on  the  old 
homestead.     He  d.  26  May  1756,  a.  62;  his  w.  Martha  and  eight  children 
survived. 

8.  JOSKPH,  s.  of  Nicholas  (2),  m.   Mindwell,  wid.  of  John  Oldham,  6  Dec. 

1733.  The  only  child  recorded  was   Margaret,  bap.  11    Dec.    1737,  the   f. 
having  previously  deceased. 

.  9.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Mary  Nowell  19  Sept.  1723,  and  had  Grace, 
bap.  26  Ap.  1724,  m.  Daniel  Smith  10  June  1742;  Martha,  bap.  17  Oct.  1725, 
m.  Alexander  Thompson  (pub.  24  Mar.  1743-4);  Sarah,  bap.  13  Ap.  1729; 
Margaret,  bap.  29  Aug.  1731. 

10.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (3),  in.  Elizabeth  Newell  of  Brookline  (pub.  16 


544  FESSENDEN  — FILLEBROWN. 

Aug.  1735.)  He  was  a  victualler  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  d.  21  Nov. 
1770;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  25  July  1776,  a.  61.  The  estate  was  divided  5  Dec. 
1782,  to  chil.,  Jonathan,  Josiah,  Moses,  Mary,  and  heirs  of  Samuel,  deceased. 

11.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Nicholas  (4),  was  a  brazier  in  Camb.  1737,  and  in  Boston 
1745.     He  is  supposed  to  be  the  same  who  was  pub.  to  Ruth  Frost  of  Camb.  25 
Oct.  1755.     He  then  resided  in  Boston. 

12.  WILLIAM,   s.  of  William    (7),  grad.   H.   C.   1737,   m.  Mary,  dau.    of 
Stephen  Palmer,  and  had  Martha,  b.  8  June  1740,  d.  11  May  1741;  Nicholas 
b.  14  Ap.  1742,  d.  young;  Mary,  bap.  29  July  1744,  d.  15  Nov.  1749  :  Sarah,  b. 
8   Aug.  and  d.  12*  Sept.  1746;   William,  b.   3  Nov.  1747,  grad   H.   C.   1768, 
taught  school  at  Topsfield  a  short  time,  while  there,  m.  Sarah  Read  of  Camb. 
22  Jan.  1771,  was  ord.  at  Fryeburg,    Me.,  Oct.   1775,  and   d.  May   1805. 
Stephen,  bap.  20  May  1750;   Mary,  bap.   1  Mar.    1751-2;  Nicholas,   bap.   8 
Sept.  1754;   Ebenezer,  bap.  13  Feb.  1757.     WILLIAM  the  f.  taught  the  Gram- 
mar School  in  Camb.  several  years,  and  d.  of  apoplexy  17  June  1758,  a.  39. 

13.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (10),  in.  Elizabeth  Parker  2  Sept.  1763,  and 
had  Boradel,  bap.  14  Ap.  1765,  m.  W'illiam  Cooper  1  Sept.  1784. 

14.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Jonathan  (10),  by  w.  Elizabeth  had  Pemberton,  bap.  29 
Oct.  1769;   William,  bap.  10  June  1770;  Sarah,  bap.  12  Dec.  1773,  d.  of  con- 
sumption, at  the  almshouse,   6  Jan.  1797,  a.  23;   Josiah,  bap.   7  July  1776; 
James,  bap.  9  Aug.  1778,  d.  at  the  almshouse  14  Sept.  1795,  a.  17.     JOSIAH 
the  f.  d.  at  the  almshouse  15  Ap.  1793,  a.  47. 

15.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Jonathan  (10),  was  a  victualler  on  the  south  side  of  the 
river,  and  m.  Sarah  Spring  23  Nov.  1762.     Administration  on  his  estate  was 
granted  4  Aug.  1772  to  his  w.   Sarah,  and  guardians  were  appointed  for  his 
children,  Henry  and  Samuel,  4  Dec.  1782. 

HANNAH,  prob.  sister  to  Nicholas  (2),  m.  John  Sewall,  brother  to  Judge 
Sewall,  28  Oct.  1674.  MARY.  m.  Elisha  Hagar  19  Aug.  1752.  SARAH, 
buried  at  Menotorny  28  Jan.  1775.  MARTIN,  d.  "by  accident,"  19  Feb. 
1798. 

FILLEBROWN,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Phillebrown) ,  was  admitted  to 
the  Church  18  May  1666.  By  w.  Anna  he  had  Thomas,  bap.  20  May  1666. 
Mary,  b.  5  May  1662,  bap.  20  May  1666,  m.  Nathaniel  Cutter  8  Oct.  1688  ; 
Hannah  or  Anna,  bap.  14  Oct.  1666,  d.  9  Aug.  1685.  He  prob.  also  had  s. 
John,  b.  about  1672.  THOMAS  the  f.  d.  7  June  1713,  a.  82;  his  w.  Anna  d. 
31  Mar.  1714,  a.  82. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  in.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Richard  Cutter,  19  Dec. 
1688,  and  had   Thomas,  b.  18  Sept.   1689;  Anna,  b.  13  Dec.  1691,  m.  Thomas 
Fessenden  of  Lexington  (pub.  5  Nov.  1737),  survived  him,  and  died  by  sui- 
cide 12  July  1753;  Isaac,  b.  7   Sept.  1693;  Rebecca,  b.  6  Nov.  1695;  John,  b. 
4  Jan.  1699-1700;  Elizabeth,  b.  10  May  1703;  Sarah,  b.  5  July  1707;  Abigail, 
b.  18  Aug.  1711.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  prob.  1736  (adm.  granted  to  his  s.  Isaac 

7  June  1736);  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  26  July  1741,  a.  76. 

3.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Sarah  had  John,  b.  12  Oct.  1698,  d. 

8  Nov.  1716;  Mary,  b.  5   Nov.  1700;   Thomas,  b.  5  June  1703;  Sarah,  b.  31 
Dec.  1704;  Anna,  b.  26  Jan.  1706-7,  m,  Gershom  Cutter  3d,  13  Feb.  1728-9; 
Elizabeth,  b.   20  Ap.   1709,  m.  Moses  Bordman,  Jr.,  25   Dec.  1746;  Edward, 
bap.  18  May  1712;  Ruth,  bap.  23  Jan.  1714-15,  m.  Benj.  Storer,  Boston  (pub. 
4  June  1738).     His  w.  Sarah  d.  16  Oct.  1716.     Perhaps  the  following  were  his 
children  by  a  second  wife  :  John,  bap.  6  Nov.  1720;  Mercy,  bap.  1  Sept.  1723. 
JOHN  the  f.  d.  23  Oct.  1756,  a.  about  85. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (2),  m.  Isabel  dau.  of  Gershom  Cutter,  9  Dec. 
1713;  he  was  admitted  into  the  Church  16  Mar.  1717-18. 

5.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Thomas  (2),  m.  Hannah ,  and  had  Isaac,  John,  and  Rich- 
ard, all  bap.  4  Oct.  1 724  ;  Hannah,  bap.  6  Feb.  1 725-6,  m.  Solomon  Prentice,  Jr., 

at  Chs.  2  Nov.  1744;  Mary,  bap.  25  Mar.  1728,  m. Rand;  Rebecca,  bap. 

29  Mar.  1730,  m.  Nehemiah  Mason;  James,  bap.   13  Feb.  1731-2;  Thomas, 

bap.  16  June  1734;  Elizabeth,  bap.  9  Nov.  1735,  m. Hunnewell;  Sarah, 

bap.  23  Ap.  1738,  d.   unm.  7  Feb.  1803.     ISAAC  the  f.  d.  prob.  1767  (will 
proved  10  Dec.);  his  w.  and  all  the  children  except  John  and  James  survived. 


FILLEBROWN— FISHER— FISKE.  545 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (•>),  res.  in  Chs.  and  d.  17  Oct.  1772,  a.  nearly  73. 

7.  EDWARD,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Susanna  ,  and  had  Edward,  b.  8  June 

1749;  Sarah,  b.  29    Oct.  1752;  Elizabeth,  b.  5  Jan.   1755;  Ruth,  b.  25  Oct. 
1757;  and  perhaps  others.     His  w.  Susanna  d.  23  June  1772,  and  he  m.  (2) 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Stearns  7  Dec.  1775.     He  d.  16  June  1793. 

8.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Isaac  (5),  m. ,  and  had  John,  bap.  24  Nov.  1745; 

Hannah,  bap.  2G  Ap.  1747;   Mart/,  bap.  6   May  1750;  Elizabeth,  bnp.  12   Ap. 
1752;  Rebecca,  bap.    1   Dec.   1754,  d.   young;    Rebecca,  bap.   5   Sept.    1759; 
Thomas,  bap.  5  Sept.  1762. 

9.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Isaac  (5),   m.  Mehetabel ,  and  had  James,  b.  23 

Nov.  1751  ;  Samuel,  b.  27  Nov.  1753,  m.  Mary  Pitts  9  Nov.  1775  ;  a  child,  b. 
and  d.  3   June   1756;  Richard  and    Mehelabel",  twins,  bap.   11    May   1758,  of 
whom  the-  first  d.  25  Feb.  1759,  and  the  other  d.  young:  Mehelabel,  b.  28  Jan. 
1761.     RICHARD  the  f.  d.  (in  the  army)  at  Kittery  20  Nov.  1762;  his  w.  Me- 
hetabel d.  prob.  1764  (administration  granted  8  Oct.). 

10.  THOMAS,  prob.  s.  of   Isaac  (5),  m.  -• ,  and  had  Hannah,  bap. 

25  Oct.    1772,   m.   Josiah  Morse   12   May   1793;  she  d.  and  he  m.   Hannah 
Brown  1  Dec.  1778,  and  had  Thomas,  bap.  3  Oct.  1779  ;  Dorcas  and  Susanna, 
twins,  bap.  21  Ap.  1782;  John,  bap.  11  July  1784;  James,  bap.  20  Aug.  1786; 
Elizabeth,  bap.  20  July  1788;  Leonard,  bap.  28  Feb.  1790.     His  w.  Hannah  d. 
3  Oct.   1797,  a.  47.     Rebecca,  wid.  of  Thomas  Fillebrown,  who  d.  at  AVest 
Camb.  18  Aug.  1840,  a.  85,  was  perhaps  his  third  wife. 

11.  EDWARD,  perhaps  s.  of  Edward  (7),  m.  Lydia  Prentice  23   Aug.  1770, 
and   had   Lydia,  bap.   16  June   1771,  m.  Nathaniel   P.   Watson  9  Feb.   1797; 
Edward,  bap.  20  Sept.  1772;  Jonas,  bap.  22  June  1777.     EDWARD  the  f.  was 
a  tanner,  and  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  not  far  southerly 
from  Linntean  Street.     He  d.  9  July  1798,  a.  54  (so  the  age  is  expressed  on 
the  gravestone  ;  but  if  this  be  correct,  he  was  not  the  son  of  Edward,  7).     His 
w.  Lydia  d.  2  Dec.  1832,  a.  87. 

12.  JAMES,  s.  of  Richard  (9),  m.  Elizabeth  Prentice  5  June  1774;  she  d. 
and  he  m.  wid.  Phebe  Barnard  24  May  1798.     His  children  were  James,  b.  3 
Nov.  1774;  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Sept.  1778,  m.  Joseph  Seaver  Sept.  1795;   Samuel 
Sprague,  b.  30  Nov.  1780;  Richard,  b.   8  Aug.   1783,   m.  Charlotte  Lowe  26 
May  1819,  and  d.  31  May  1829;  John,  b.  25  May  1786,  prob.  m.  Joanna  Mor- 
rison 2  June  1816,  and  d.  24  Dec.  1839;  Silas  Barnard,   b.   15  Aug.  1799,  m. 
Rebecca  R.  Richardson  4  July  1824,  and  d.  27  April  1857  :    William  Jenks,  b. 
29  Jan.  1802.     JAMES  the  f .  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  be- 
tween Harvard  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  and  d.  22  Oct.  1816,  a.  65.     His  w. 
Phebe  <1.  28  Nov.  1851,  a.  92. 

13.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (11),  m.  Elizabeth  Barrett  16  Ap.  1801,  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  20  Ap.  1806,  and  perhaps  others,  and  d.  13  July  1817,  a.  45. 

14.  JONAS,  s.  of  Edward  (11),  m.  Mary ,  and  had  Mary,  b.  Aug.  1799. 

He  d.  19  Nov.  1799,  a.  22. 

15.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (12),  m.  Elizabeth  Newland  2  Ap.  1795,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  24  June  1797;  Mary,  named  in  her  grandfather's  will,  and  living 
in  1816.     JAMKS  the  f.  d.  on  a  voyage  to  the  N.  W.  coast  within  the  year 
previous  to  Sept.  1805,  when  his  wid.  Elizabeth  was  appointed  admx. 

16.  SAMUEL  SPRAGUE,  s.  of  James  (12),  was  prob.  the  same  who  is  called 
Samuel,  on  the  Record,  and  by  w.  Dorcas  had  Klmira,  b.  28  Mar.  1806,  d.  Ap. 
1806.     He  d.  before  10  May  1816,  leaving  children  to  whom  bequests  were 
made  by  their  grandfather. 

This'family  resided  principally  near  the  line  between  Camb.  and  Chs.,  and 
many  of  the  births  were  not  recorded  in  either  town.  Very  little  is  to  be 
gleaned  from  the  Probate  Records,  to  assist  in  determining  the  true  line  of 
descent.  I  apprehend  there  may  be  errors  in  the  foregoing  sketch. 

FISHER,  THOMAS,  in  1635  res.  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  South 
streets.  He  rem.  early,  but  would  seem  not  to  have  settled  in  Hartford,  as  he 
forfeited  his  lot  there.  Hinman. 

FISKE,  DAVID,  of  Watertown,  freeman  1638,  d.  1661  leaving  son  David 
and  dau. Fitch. 


546  FISKE  —  FITT. 

2.  DAVID,   s.   of  David    (1),  was  early  in  Camb.   and  m.   Lydia,  sister  of 
Deac.  John  Cooper,  and  dau.  of  Deac.  Gregory  Stone's  second   wife;  she  d. 
29  Nov.  1654,  and  he  m.  Seaborn  Wilson  of  Ipswich  6  Sept.  1655.     His  chil- 
dren were  Sarah,  b. ,  d.  8  May  1647;  Lydia,  b.  29  Ap.  1647,  m.  Nicholas 

Wyeth  6  Sept.  1681,  and  d.  without  issue  10  Mar.  1697-8;  David,  b.  1   Sept. 
1648,  d.  20  Sept.  1649  ;  Dacid,  b.  15  Ap.  1650;  Ephraim.,  b.  13  Aug.  1653,  d. 
14  Sept.  1653;  Elizabeth,  bap.  here,  m.  John  Russell;  Sarah,  bap.  here,  prob. 
d.  young;  Hannah  (or  Anna),  bap.  27  Nov.  1659,  m.  Timothy  Carter  of  Wo- 
burn  ;  Abigail,  b.   1  Feb.  1674,   m.  Henry  Baldwin  of  Woburn.     DAVID  the 
f.  rem.  from  Watertown  to  Camb.  about  1646,  and  res.  on  the  northerly  side 
of  Linnaean  Street,  near  the  Botanic  Garden,  which  estate,  he  sold  to  Joseph 
Daniel  12  Dec.  1660,  and  prob.  rem.  to  the  Farms  (Lex.)  about  the  same 
time.     He  was  a  wheelwright,  but  much  employed  in  public  service,  especially 
as  a  surveyor  of  lands.     He  was  Selectman  1688,  and  Representative  in  the 
critical  period  of  1689.     He  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  men  in  the  settle- 
ment at  the  Farms;  precinct  clerk,  and  assessor;,  the  first  subscriber  for  erect- 
ing a  meeting-house  there,  and  the  first  named  member  of  the  Church.     He 
d.  14  Feb.  1710-11,  a.  87.     His  w.  Seaborn  d.  prob.  1720. 

3.  DAVID,  s.  of  David  (2),  by  w.    Sarah,  had  Dane?,  b.    5  Jan.  1676-7; 
Jonathan,  b.   19  May  1679;  Robert,    b.  8   May  1681,  a  physician,  d.   18  Ap. 
1753;  Anna,  b.  2  Ap.   1683;  Lydia,  b.    14  May    1685,   m.   Joseph   Loring ; 
Sarah,  b.  16  June  1687;  Abigail,  b.  20  May  1689,  d.  13  Aug.  1691 ;  Ebenezer, 
b.  12  Sept.  1692.     DAVID  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms  (or  Lex.),  and  d.  23   Oct. 
1729:  his  w.  Sarah  d.  22  Ap.  1729.     See  Hudson's  Hint.  Lex. 

4.  THADDEUS,  s.  of  Jonathan  of  Weston,  a  descendant  from  Nathan   of 
Watertown,  b.  22  June  1762,  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of  Rev.  Jonas  Clark  of  Lex.,  17 
June  1789,  and  had  Horatio  Hancock,  b.    22  June  1790,  m.  Letitia  Whitte- 
more  29  Mar.  1818,  and  d.  13  Sept.  1829;  Elmira,  b.  23  Ap.  1792,  m.  Joseph 
Adams,  a  lawyer,  19  Nov.  1811,  and  d.  s.  p.  13  June  1854.     THADDEUS  the 
f.  grad.  H.  C.  1785,  and  received  the  degree  of  D.  D.  from  Columbia  College, 
N.  Y. ,  in  1821  ;  he  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  Church  in  Menotomy  23  Ap. 
1  788,  which  office  he  resigned  23  Ap.  1828,  and  d.  14  Nov.  1855 ;  his  w.  Lucy 
d.  9  Mar.  1855,  a.  88. 

5.  ISAAC,  brother  of  Thaddeus  (4),   b.  4  Dec.   1778,  m.  Sukey  Hobbs  of 

Weston  7  Nov.  1802;  and  had  Isaac,  b.  ,  d.  young;  Augustus  Henry,  b. 

19  Sept.  1805,  H.  C.  1825,  a  lawyer  in  Boston,  d.  22  Mar.  1864;  Isaac  Lam- 
son,  b.  18  Mar.  1810;  George,  b.  19  Nov.  1813;  Susan  Ann,  b.  22  Oct.  1815; 
Andrew,  b.  8  May  1817;  Edwarrl,  b.  17  Dec.  1819.     ISAAC  the  f.  grad.  H.  C. 
1798,  was  a  lawyer  in  Weston,  Register  of  Probate  in  Middlesex  from  1817 
to  1851,  res.  alternately  at  Weston  and  Cambridge,  and  d.  11  Mar.  1861. 

6.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Samuel  of  Waltham,  a  descendant  from  John  of  Water- 
town,  b.  6  Dec.   1780  (according  to  the  family  record,  or  1779,  as  Bond  re- 
cords it),  settled  early  in  Camb.,  m.  Anna  Livermore,  dau.  of  Josiah  Mason,  13 
July  1805,    and  had   Clementina,  b.   12  Aug.  1805,  d.  young;  Frederick  Wil- 
liam, b.    Nov.   1806,  d.  young  ;  Sarah  Ruxsell  Mason,  b.   16  Dec.   1808,   m. 
James  Munroe,  Jr,  8  Oct.  1834;  Elijah,  b.  1  Feb.  1811,  m.  Charlotte  D.  En- 
dicott   5  Oct.  1837,  a  merchant  in  New  York,  where  he  d.  4  Dec.  1859  ;  Mary 
Lois,    b.   1   May    1813,   m.   Alexander  H.   Ramsay   8   Ap.    1835  ;    Margaret, 
b.  1  April   1815,   m.  David   Humphrey  15   Nov.   1837;  Benjamin,  b.    9   May 
1817,  d.  young;  Eibridge  Gerry,  b.  26  July  1819,  m.  Sarah  P.  Teele  24  Nov. 
1842  ;  Joseph  Bradley  Varnum,  b.  Aug.   1821,  d.  young  ;  Josiah  Mason,  b.  23 
Oct.  1823,  m.  Martha  T.  Smith;  Anna  Abigail,  b.  10  July  1826,  m.  Nathaniel 
Prentiss  4  May  1844  ;  Charles  Carroll,  b.    11   June   1828,  grad.   H.  C.  1849. 
NATHAN  the  f.  was  a  grain  dealer  near  West  Boston  Bridge,  and  afterwards 
Deputy  Sheriff,  and  otherwise  engaged  in  public   business.     Late  in  life  he 
res.  on  Holyoke  Place  and  on  North  Avenue,  and  d.  27    April   1868,  his  w. 
Anna  L.  d.  12  Sept.  1861,  a.  77. 

FITT,  ROBERT,  owned  an  estate,  1638,  on  the  southerly  side  of  Winthrop 
Street,  nearly  opposite  the  southwesterly  corner  of  Winthrop  Square.  Per- 
haps he  was  identical  with  ttobert  Fitts,  who  was  at  "  Salisbury  1640  ;  rem.  to 
Ipswich,  and  d.  about  1665,  leaving  a  wife  Grace,  and  son  Abraham-"  Farmer. 


FOORTH— FOX.  547 

FOOKTH,  ROGKR,  (in  the  margin  written  Foord),  d.  24  Ap.  1644.  No 
further  record  of  this  family,  whose  name  was  proh.  Ford. 

FOSTER,  THOMAS,  styled  a  physician  on  the  Court  Files,  was  proh.  s.  of 
Thomas  Foster  of  Wey mouth.  He  was  in  Roxbury  15  Oct.  1662,  when  he 
m.  Sarah  Parker,  dau.  of  Robert  Parker  of  Camb.,  who  bequeathed  property 
in  1684  to  his  dau.  Sarah  Foster.  His  children,  at  Roxbury,  were  Thinna*, 
b.  1  Aug.  1663  ;  Sarah,  b.  3  June  1667,  prob.  m.  Thomas  Williams  of  Stow; 
Hannah,  b.  23  July  1669  ;  Jonathan,  b.  21  Sept.  1671  ;  and  in  Camb.  Elizabeth, 
b.  26  Sept.  1677.  He  d.  here  16  Sept.  1679,  or  as  inscribed  on  his  grave- 
stone 28  Oct.  1679,  a.  39.  His  widow  Sarah  survived,  and  was  empowered 
by  the  General  Court,  May  1680,  to  sell  land  in  Roxbury.  See  Gen.  Reg., 
xxvi.  394. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Experience  Parker  30  Nov.  1686.     He 
removed  to  Stow,  had  son  Thomas,  b.    18  Sept.  1687,  and  was  living  in  1715. 

3.  BOSSKNGER,  s.  of  Thomas  and  grandson  of  Thomas  who  m.  Ann  Bos- 
senger,  in  Boston,  1  June  1711,  res.  on  the  estate  now  owned  by  Samuel  Batch- 
elder,  Esq.,  on  the  south  side  of  Brattle  Street,  west  of  Ash  Street.     He  was 
a  gentleman  of  leisure,  and  d.  of  gout  23  Ap.  1805,  a.  63.    He  m.  Mary,  sister 
to  Andrew  Craigie,  and  had  (all  prob.  b.  in  Boston)  Boxsenger,  grad.  II.   C. 
1787,  a  lawyer,  d.   unm.  of  palsy   17  Jan.   1816,  a.  48 ;  Elizabeth,  m.   lion. 
Samuel   Haven  of  Dedham  ;  Andrew,  grad.  H.  C.  1800,  a   physician  in  Ded- 
hatn,  in.  Marv  Conant  in  Camb.  19  Nov.  1813,  and  d.  1831  ;  John,  b.  —  July 
1782,  grad.  H.   C.  1802,  d.  unm.  3  Nov.  1836  ;  Thomas,  grad.  H.  C.  1805,  a 
physician,    Town  Clerk   1827,  d.  unm.   Feb.  1831,  a.  46;  James,  grad.  H.  C. 
1806,  a  lawyer,  Register  of  Probate  for  a  short  period,  d.  unm.,  of  dysentery, 
27  Aug.   1817  ;  George,   grad.  B.  U.   1811,  a  lawyer,  d.  unm.,  of  dysentery,  4 
Sept.  1817,  a.  27.     Mary  Craigie,  bap.  in  Camb.  7  Dec.  1794,  d.  18  Feb.  1811, 
a.  16. 

4.  JOHN,  s.   of  Nathan,  b.  at  Western  (now  Warren)    19   Ap.  1763,  grad. 
D.  C.  1783,  D.  D.  at  H.  C.  1815,  was  ordained  at  Brighton  1  Nov.  1784,  was 
dismissed  by  mutual  agreement  31  Oct.  1827,  and  d.  15  Sept.  1829,  a.  66.    He 
m.  Hannah  Webster  of  Boston  —  Ap.  1785,  and  had  Wainwriyht,  b.  4  Feb. 
1786  ;  John,  b.  22  Ap.  1789  ;   Hannah  White,  b.  22  Dec.   1790  ;  Henry,  b.  31 
May  1793  ;  Elizabeth  Lane.«ford,  b.  19  Oct.  1794  ;  Harriet  Vaughn,  b.  9  Sept. 
1796. 

FOWNELL,  JOHN,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Sarah,  b.  —  Aug.  1638.  He  was  prob. 
the  same  who.  according  to  Savage,  was  in  Chs.,  freeman  1645,  and  d.  19  Mar. 
1673,  a.  65  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  25  Jan.  1696,  a.  84. 

Fox,  THOMAS,  was  prob.  the  freeman  named  1638,  and  may  have  been 
the  same  whose  name  is  found  in  the  Colony  Records,  8  Mar.  1630-31  ; 
"  Ordered,  That  Tho.  Foxe,  servant  to  Mr.  Cradocke,  shall  be  whipped  for 
uttering  malicious  and  scandalous  speeches,  whereby  he  sought  to  traduce  the 
Court,  as  if  they  had  taken  some  bribe  in  the  business  concerning  Walter 
Palmer."  He  prob.  resided  a  few  years  at  Concord,  for  Mitchell  says  his  son 
Jabez  was  baptized  there,  but  was  in  his  minority  when  his  father  joined  this 
church.  His  w.  Rebecca  d.  at  Concord  11  May  1647.  Before  June  1649,  he 
came  to  Camb.  He  m.  Ellen,  wid.  of  Percival  Green,  the  marriage  contract 
being  dated  24  May  1650.  She  d.  27  May  1682,  a.  82.  "  Her  death  was 
occasioned  by  a  fall  she  got  on  the  floor,  whereby  she  broke  her  thigh."  (N. 
Russell's  Diary,  N.  E.  Gen.  Reg.,  vii.  54.)  Mr.  Fox  m.  (3d)  Elizabeth,  wid. 
of  Charles  Chad  wick  of  Watertown,  24  Ap.  1683,  who  d.  22  Feb.  1684-5,  and 
was  buried  in  the  old  cemetery  in  Watertown,  by  the  side  of  her  former  hus- 
band. Soon  afterwards,  16  Dec.  1685,  Mr.  Fox  m.  Rebecca,  wid.  of  Nicholas 
Wyeth.  He  had  no  children  by  his  last  three  wives.  He  d.  25  Ap.  1693, 
aged  85  ;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  in  1698.  After  his  marriage  to  Mrs.  Green  he 
resided  in  Holmes  Place,  about  midway  between  its  northeasterly  angle  and 
North  Avenue,  until  the  house  was  destroyed  by  fire  about  1681  or  1682  ; 
after  which,  with  the  exception  of  a  very  short  residence  in  Watertown,  he 
probably  occupied  the  estate  on  the  east  side  of  Holmes  Place,  afterwards 
owned  bv  Steward  Hastings  and  still  later  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes. 


548  FOX  — FOXCROFT. 

2.  THOMAS,  of  Concord,  perhaps  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Hannah   Brooks 
13  Dec.  1657,  and  d.  12  Ap.  1658,  leaving  wid.,  and  chil.  Eliphalet,  Elizabeth, 
and  others  not  designated  by  name  in  his  will.     Bond  (Hist.  Waterlown,  p. 
765)  conjectures  that  this  person  was  identical  with  Thomas  (1),  and  Savage 
(Gen.  Diet.,  ii.  197)  doubts.     But  the  record  of  his  death  in   1658,  which  de- 
scribes him  as  "  husband  of  Hannah,"  settles  this  point  beyond  all  question, 
though  it  does  not  indicate  what  relationship,  if  any,  he  sustained  to  the  other 
Thomas  who  survived  until  1693. 

3.  JABEZ,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  bap.  at  Concord,  came  here  in  his  minority, 
m.  Judith,  dau.  of  Rev.  John   Reyner,  and  had  John,  b.  in   Cambridge   10 
May  1678,  and  in  Woburn,  Thomas,  b.  6  July   1680,  and  d.  four  days  after- 
wards;  Thomas,  b.  13  Nov.  1681  ;  Jabez,  b.  2  Dec.  1684;  Judith,  b.  19   June 
1690,  d.  young.     JABEZ  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1665,  was  ordained  pastor  of  the 
church  in  Woburn  about  1679,  and  d.  of  small-pox  28  Feb.  1702-3,  a.  56;  his 
w.  Judith  m.  Col.  Jonathan  Tyng  and  d.  5  June  1736,  a.  98. 

4.  JOHN,   s.  of  Jabez  (3),  grad.   H.  C.  1698,  succeeded  his  father  in   the 
ministry  at  Woburn  17  Nov.  1703,  and  d.   12  Dec.  1756,  a.  78,  having  been 
blind  for  the  last  fifteen  years  of  his  life.     His  son  Jabez,  b.  1705,  grad.  H.  C. 
1727,  was  trained  for  the  ministry  but  did  not  preach;  rem.  to  Portland   as 
early  as  1743,  and  d.  there  6  Ap.  1755,  having  been  Magistrate,  Representa- 
tive, Councillor,  etc.     Smith's  Journal,  note. 

5.  JABEZ,  s.  of  Jabez  (3),  was  a  tailor,  and  res.  with  w.  Hannah  in  Bos- 
ton, 1708,  when  he  and  his  brother  John  sold  land  in  Camb.     He  d.  before 
30  Aug.  1  736,  when  his  heirs,  to  wit.,  widow  Hannah,  and  her  children  Thomas, 
of  Woodstock,  Hannah,  w.  of  Thomas  Roberts,  Boston,  Judith,  w.  of  Thomas 
Prince,  Duxbury,  and  Rebecca,  w.  of  James  Allen,  Boston,  received  from  Rev. 
John  Fox  a  quitclaim  of  all  interest  in  the  Cambridge  homestead,  which  they 
sold    the  next  year  to  Jonathan   Hastings,  the  famous  Steward  and  ardent 
patriot. 

FOXCROFT,  FRANCIS,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Dep.  Gov.  Danforth,  3  Oct. 

1682,   and  had,  in  Boston,  Elizabeth,  b.  ,  m.  Mr.   Christopher  Bridge 

15  May  1701  ;  Daniel,  b. ;  Martha,  b.  26  Mar.  1689,  m.  Benjamin   Ger- 

rish  of  Boston,  merchant,  28  June  1716,  and  d.  here  14  Ap.  1736;  Francis, 
b.  26  Jan.  1694-5;   Thomas,  b.  26  Feb.  1696-7  ;  Samuel,  b.  5  June  1 700,  prob. 
d.  young.     FRANCIS  the  f.  came  from  England  (prob.  Yorkshire,  where  he 
appears  to  have  had  an  estate),  and  established  himself  in  Boston.     On  the 
death  of  his  wife's  father,  he  removed  to  the  homestead  in  Cambridge,  which 
had  been  conveyed  to  him,  and  res.  here  during  the  remainder  of  his  life.    He 
was  a  man  of  wealth  and  energy,  and  sustained  many  public  offices.     He  was 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  under  Andros  ;  and  upon  his  warrant,  Winslow  was 
committed  to  prison  for  announcing  the  Revolution  in  England.     A  few  days 
afterwards,  he  exchanged  places  with  Winslow,  and  became  himself  a  pris- 
oner, with  Andros  and  his  adherents.     He  seems,  however,  not  to  have  been 
very   obnoxious  to  the   new  government,  for  20  Ap.  1689,  it  was  "ordered, 
that  Mr.  Francis  Foxcroft  be  released  from  his  present  imprisonment,  and  be 
confined  to  the  house  of  Thomas  Danforth,  Esq.,  in  Cambridge,  for  one  week's 
time,  and  that  then  he  be  set  at  liberty,  unless  anything  appear  to  be  objected 
against  him,  in  the  mean  time."     He  was  elected  Representative  for  Dunsta- 
ble,  though  residing  in  Boston,  1693.     He  was  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas, 
1707-1719,  and  Judge  of  Probate,  1708-1725.     His  character  is  briefly  but 
graphically  delineated  by  Tutor  Flint,  in  the  preface  to  the  funeral  sermon 
delivered  by  Rev.  Dr.  Appleton.    "  He  was  a  gentleman  by  birth,  of  a  worthy 
family  in  the  north  of  England,  where  he  had  a  good  school  education.     He 
was  bred  a  merchant,  and  was  very  expert  and  skilful,  as  well  as  very  just 
and  upright  in  all  his  business.     His  natural  powers  were  extraordinary;  his 
acquired  knowledge  of  various  kinds  was  so  too;  his  virtues  were  great  and 
eminent.     His  generosity,  prudence,  sincerity,  justice  towards  men,  and  piety 
towards  God,  were  conspicuous  to  those  that  knew  him.     His  temper  indeed 
was  sudden,  and  made  almost  uncontrollable  by  the  violence  of  the  gout  and 
pain  he  was  such  an  uncommon  instance  of ;  but  this  was  his  burden  and 


FOXCROFT.  549 

lamentation.  He  was  a  person  of  a  grave  and  austere  countenance  and  conver- 
sation, mixed  with  much  of  the  gentleman  and  the  Christian."  His  w.  d.  4 
July  1721,  a.  56.  He  d.  31  Dec.  1727,  a.  70.  He  was  an  Episcopalian,  and 
was  buried  with  the  forms  of  that  church;  but  for  nearly  thirty  years  he  had 
worshipped  and  communed  with  the  Congregational  Church  here. 

2.  DANIKL,  s.  of  Francis  (1),  was  Register  of  Probate  1710-1714,  and  Sub- 
commissary  in  the  expedition  against  Canada,  1711.     He  removed  to  England, 
and  as  early  as  4  May  1723,  was  at  "  Rawdon  near  Leeds,  in  the  west  riding 
of  Yorkshire."     Between  14  May  1730,  and  24  Aug.  1731,  he  removed  from 
Rawdon  to  "  Plaistow,  near  London,"  where  he  died,  and  his  brother  Francis 
was  appointed  administrator  on  his  estate  in  N.  Eng.  13  Aug.  1741.     He  prob. 
d.  unm.  as  his  property  descended  to  his  relatives  here. 

3.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1712,  in.  Mehetabel  Coney  of 
Boston   5  Nov.  1722,  and  had  Mehetabel,   b.   19  Aug.   1723,   m.   Rev.  Jonas 
Meriam  of  Newton  25  Jan.    1759,   and  d.  22  Ap.  1770;  Francis,  b.  11  May 
1725,  d.  young;  Daniel,  b.  11  Feb.  1726-7;  Elizabeth,  bap.  30  Mar.  1729,  m. 
Benjamin  Brandon   4  Jan.  1750,  and  d.  before  1765;   Thomas,  bap.  24  Jan. 
1730-31,  d.  young;  Martha,  bap.  4  Feb.  1732-3,  d.  young;  Francis,  bap.  29 
June  1735,  d.  young;   George,  bap.    6  June   1736,  "fell  into  scalding  wort  " 
19  Aug.  1739,  and  d.  the  next  day ;  Katherine,  bap.   24  Ap.  1737,  d.  young; 
William,  bap.  16  Ap.  1738,  d.  young;  Layton,  bap.  11  Mar.  1738-9,  d.  young; 

John,  bap.  30  Mar.  1740;  Georoe,  bap.  5  July  1741,  d.  young;  Phebe,  bap.  14 
Aug.  1743,  m.  Hon.  Samuel  Phillips,  Jr.,  of  Andover  6  July  1773  (who  was 
elected  Lt.-gov.  of  Mass.  1801),  and  d.  1812;  Francis,  bap.  18  Nov.  1744. 
FRANCIS  the  f.  spent  most  of  his  life  in  the  public  service.  It  is  stated  in  an 
obituary  notice,  published  in  the  Boston  News  Lftter,  31  Mar.  1768,  that  "he 
was  early  appointed  Register  of  Probate  for  the  County  of  Middlesex,  which 
office  he  sustained  for  many  years  [1719-1731];  was  clerk  of  the  Hon.  House 
of  Representatives  ;  was  Register  of  Deeds  forty-four  years  [forty-five  years, 
1721-1766];  was  one  of  his  Majesty's  Council  for  twenty-six  years  [1732- 
1757];  the  eldest  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Quorum  through  the  Province, 
and  First  Justice  of  the  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace,  and  Inferior 
Court  of  Common  Pleas,  for  the  County  where  he  lived  [1737-1764],  till  by 
reason  of  bodily  infirmities,  and  from  a  great  scrupulosity  and  tenderness  of 
conscience,  fearing  he  should  not  do  his  duty  by  not  giving  a  constant  attend- 
ance, he  resigned  his  seat  at  the  Board  and  on  the  Bench.  He  abhorred  arbi- 
trary power,  on  the  one  hand,  and  a  mobbish  plebian  spirit,  on  the  other." 
Judge  Foxcroft  occupied  the  paternal  mansion,  and  in  his  will  expressed  a 
strong  desire  that  it  should  be  retained  by  his  family.  He  d.  28  Mar.  1768, 
a.  73.  His  w.  Mehetabel  d.  at  Andover  4  May  1782,  a.  79. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Francis  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1714,  was  selected  by  Pres.  Lev- 
erett  to  salute  the  Governor  in  a  Latin  Oration,  on   a  formal  visitation  of  the 
College,  1716,  was  ordained  minister  of  the  First  Church  in   Boston  20  Nov. 
1717,  m.   Anna  Coney  9  March    1718-9,  and   d.   of  apoplexy  16  or  18  June 
1769,  a.  72.      He  was  eminent  in  his  profession,  and  well  sustained  the  char- 
acter of  his  family.     His  son  Samuel,  grad.  H.  C.  1754,  was  ordained  minis- 
ter at  New  Gloucester,   Me.,   16  Jan.   1765,  was  honorably  dismissed,  1793, 
Justice  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Cumberland,  and  "died  suddenly  2 
Mar.  1807,  in  the  72d  year  of  his  age."     Alden's  Epitaphs,  and  Winthrop's 
(MS.)  Catalogue. 

5.  DANIEL,  e.  of  Francis  (3).  grad.  H.  C.  1746,  and  d.  unm.  3  Jan.   1756, 
aged  29. 

6.  JOHN,  a.  of  Francis  (3),  grad.  H.  C    1758,  m.  Sarah  [DeaneV],  and  d. 
without  issue  23  Dec.  1802,   a.   nearly  63;  his  w.  Sarah  "  fell  from  her  chair 
and  instantaneously  expired,"   2  July  1800,  a.  53.     Mr.  Foxcroft  was  Justice 

f  the  Peace,  and  was  Register  of  Deeds  ten  years  (1 766-1776).  Being  sus- 
ected,  and  probably  with  sufficient  cause,  of  a  strong  sympathy  with  the 
ritish  Government  (luring  the  Revolutionary  struggle,  he  became  unpopular 
nd  lost  office.  He  remained  here,  however,  and  spent  his  days  in  luxurious 
ease,  which  appears  to  have  been  much  more  congenial  to  his  natural  disposi- 


550  FOXCROFT  —  FRANCIS. 

tion  than  a  more  active  employment.  He  heeded  the  request  of  his  father 
and  retained  possession  of  the  homestead,  having  obtained  the  rights  of  the 
other  heirs  by  purchase,  and  prob.  resided  in  the  mansion-house  until  it  was 
destroyed  by  fire  24  Jan.  1777.  He  afterwards  owned  and  occupied  the  estate 
at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets.  After  his  decease,  the 
family  having  become  extinct  here,  the  heirs  residing  in  Essex  and  Worcester 
counties  sold  the  real  estate,  and  the  noble  farm  of  Danforth  and  the  Fox- 
crofts  was  cut  up  into  fragments.  The  only  considerable  portion  of  it  which 
remains  undivided  is  the  valuable  estate  of  the  late  Professor  Norton. 

7.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis  (3),  grad.  H.  C.  1764,  was  an  eminent  physician 
in  Brookfield,  where  he  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Dr.  Jabez  Upham,  5  May  1768, 
and  d.  15  Feb.  1814,  a.  69;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  at  Claremont,  N.  II.,  April  1827. 
Their  children  were  Sarah,  m.  Samuel  Fiske,  Esq.,  Claremont,  N.  H.,  son 
of  Rev.  Nathan  Fiske,  D.  D.,  of  Brookfield;  Betsey,  m.  Thomas  Haskins  of 

Boston,  and  d.  at  Roxbury  in  1849;  Fanny,  m. Witherell  of  Brookfield; 

Mehelabel,  m.  Josiah  Lyon,  and  d.  at  Woodstock,  Vt.,  May  1850,  a.  74; 
Francis  Augustus,  b.  4  A'ug.  1782,  a  merchant  at  Wethersfield,  Vt.,  1804,  and 
at  Boston  about  1810,  d.  at  Newton  7  Ap.  1818;  Martha  Brandon,  m,  David 
H.  Sumner  of  Hartland,  Vt.  ;  John,  prob.  jjrad.  H.  C.  1807,  d.  at  Worcester 
Aug.  1824,  a.  39;  George,  d.  at  Brookfield  July  1803,  a.  15. 

FRANCIS,  RICHARD,  4  July  1644,  bought  of  Nathaniel  Sparhawk  a  house 
and  land  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Holmes  Place,  being  part  of  the  estate  recently 
owned  by  Mr.  Royal  Morse.  By  his  w.  Alice,  he  had  Stephen,  b.  7  Feb. 
1644-5;  Sarah,  b.  4  Dec.  1646,  m.  John  Squires,  and  was  living  his  wid.  1713; 
John,  b.  4  Jan.  1649-50.  RICHARD  the  f.  d.  24  Mar.  1686-7,  "aged  81 
years  or  thereabout,"  and  was  noticed  by  Judge  Sewall,  as  "an  ancient  and 
good  man  indeed." 

2.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Thomas  Hall,  27  Dec. 
1670;  she  d.  2  Ap.  1683,  and  he  m.  Hannah,  d.  of  William  Dickson,  16  Sept. 
1683.     His  children,  in   Camb.,  were  Hannah,  b.  28  Sept.  1671,  d.  17  June 
1677;  Stephen,  b.  15  Aug.  1674;  Hannah,  b.  18  June  1677,  d.  young;  Han- 
nah, b.  7  Ap.  1680.     STEPHEN  the  f.  was  a  brickmaker,  and  rem.  to  Medf. 
about  1680,  where  he  died  24  Sept.  1719;  his  w.  Hannah  survived. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Cooper,  5  Jan. 
1687-8,  and  had  in  Camb.,  John,  b.  10  Oct.  1688,  d.  young;  John,  b.  17  Feb. 
1689-90,  d.  at  Medford  31   Aug.  1750;  Stephen,  b.  2  Nov.  1691;  Nathaniel, 
b.  about  1C93,  named  in  the  division  of  his  father's  estate;  and  in  Medf.,  Sam- 
uel, b.  17  Feb.  1695-6;  Anna,  b.  2  Nov.  1697,  m.   Benjamin   Dana  23  July 
1724;  Joseph,  b.  5  Jan.  1699-1700;  Ebenezer,  b.  30   Oct.  1701,  d.   23   Mar. 
1702-3;    Lydia,   b.   20  Ap.   1703,   m.  Joseph    Tufts;   Ebenczer,  b.   25  Mar. 
1708.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  brickmaker,  and  rem.  to  Medf.  where  he  d.  3  Jan. 
1727-8,  a.  78,  and  administration  was  granted  to  his  eldest  son  John.     The 
following  extract  from  Judge  Sewall's  Diary  refers  to  him:  "  Aug.  7,  1674. 
New  College  raised.     John  Francis,  helping  about  raising  the  New  College, 
had  his  right  leg  (both    bones)  broke,  a  little  above  the  ankle,  and  his   left 
thigh,  about  four  inches  below  the  joint,  by  a  piece  that  fell  on  him."     This 
accident  probably  occasioned  a  permanent  lameness;  such  at  least,  is  a  fair 
inference  from  a  petition  presented  to  the  Council  of  War,  in  the  summer  of 
1676:  "The   petition  of  Stephen   Francis  humbly  showeth,  that  your  peti- 
tioner, being  by  trade  a  brickmaker,  and  having  been  several  times  abroad  on 
the  country's  service, 'and  now  hath  a  servant  out  in  his  stead,  his  father  at 
home,  ancient,  and  his  brother  lame,  and  this  season  only  being  the  time  for 
his  calling  which  he  is  altogether  unable  to  follow  for  want  of  the  abovesaid 
servant ;  your  petitioner  humbly  intreats  your  Honors  to  consider  his  dis- 
tressed condition,  and  give  order  for  the  release  of  his  said  servant  Amoras 
Mackfassitt,  that  is  in  his  stead,  that  so  they  may  improve  the  summer  for 
their  calling;  and  your  petitioner,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray." 

4.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  John  (3),  res.  in  Medf.  and  thence  rem.  to  Chs.  where 
he  d.  2  Sept.  1764,  a.  71,  leaving  wife  Ann  (who  d.  at  Mason,  N.  H.,  31  Dec. 
1777,  a.  74),  and  three  sons,  Nathaniel,  Benjamin,  and  Richard.     Of  these 


FRANCIS -FRENCH.  551 

sons,  Nathaniel  m.  in  Camb.  Phebc  Frost  11  Ap.  1751;  Benjamin  m.  Lydia 
Convers  of  Medf.  7  Ap.  1757,  by  whom  he  had  Benjamin,  d.  at  Baltimore; 
James,  William,  a  daughter,  and  Convers,  b.  14  July  1766,  d.  27  Nov.  1856, 
whose  son  Convers  Francis,  D.  D.,  b.  in  Camb.  9  Dec.  1795,  was  one  of  the 
professors  in  Harvard  College  and  d.  7  Ap.  1863;  by  his  second  w.  Sarah 
Hall,  Benjamin  Francis  had  Sarah,  m.  Ephraim  Bound  of  Middletown.  Conn.; 
Simon;  Nathaniel,  drowned  in  the  British  Channel;  Lydia,  m.  Job  Wyeth  of 
Camb.  31  Jan.  1804;  Ebenezer;  Stephen. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  John  (3),  res.  in  Medf.,  where  he  d.,  and  administration 
was  granted  to  Aaron  Blanchard  1  Dec.  1778.     His  estate  was  divided  be- 
tween  the  heirs  of  son  John,  dec.;  heirs  of  Samuel,  dec.  (b.  at  Medf.  Jan. 
1728-9);  Lydia,  w.  of  Ebenezer  Blunt;  Mary,  w.  of  William  Tufts;  heirs  of 

Hannah,  dec.  w.  of  Diekson  ;  heirs  of  Sarah,  dec.  w.  of  Abraham  Smith; 

and  Rebecca,  w.  of  Aaron  Blanchard. 

6.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (3),  res.  in  Medf.  where  he  d.  1  Feb.  1748,  and  ad- 
ministration was  granted  to  w.  Elizabeth.     His  children,  recorded  at  Medf., 
were,  Elizabeth,  b    7  Nov.  1736,  prob.  the  same  who  d.  unm.  at  Medf.  Feb. 
1829;  Lydia,  b.  12  Dec.  1737;  Joseph,  b.  17  July  1741. 

7.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (3),  res.  in  Medf.  and  by  w.  Rachel  had  Susanna, 
b.  28  Nov.  1734;  Abigail,  b.  6   Oct.  1736;  Lucy,  b.  12  Mar.  1738-9,  m.  Ed- 
ward  Wilson   23    Nov.  1758;  Sarah,  b.  6   June    1741;  Ebenezer,  b.  22  Dec. 
1743;    William,  b.  20  Ap.  1746;   Thomas,  b.   15  July  1748,  in.  Susanna   Hill 
11  July  1771;  Aaron,  b.  16  Feb.  1750-51;  John,  b.  28  Sept.  1753. 

8.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (7),  rem.  to  Beverly  1764,  was  a  Colonel  in 
the  Revolutionary  Army,  highly  distinguished  for  his  bravery  and   good  con- 
duct, and  was  slain  in  battle  at  Hubbardton,  Vt.,  7  July  1777.     By  his  w.  Ju- 
dith Wood,  m.  1766,  he  had  four  daughters  and  one  son,  Ebenezer  Francis, 
of  Boston,  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College,  who  d.  20  Sept.  1858. 

9.  AARON,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (7),  rem.  to  Beverly,  where  he  d.  1825,  a.  about 
74;  his  son  Ebenezer,  b.  at  Bev.  18   Oct.    1790,  has  for  many  years   resided 
here,  and  is  father  of  Rev.  Eben  Francis. 

10.  JOHN*,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (7),  rem.  to  Beverly,  was  adjutant  in  the  regi- 
ment of  his  brother,  Col.  Francis,  at  the  Hubbardton  Battle,  afterwards  Col. 
of  militia,  and  d.  30  July  1822,  a.  nearly  69. 

FRENCH,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  in  England  about 
1631,  m. Ellis  of  Dedham;  Mary,  b.  about  1633,  "bap.  in  England,  be- 
tween two  and  three  years  old  at  her  father's  joining;  John,  bap.  by  Mr. 
Hooker,  in  Camb."  about  1635  (Mitchell).  Sarah,  b.  Mar.  1638;  Jacob,  b. 
16  Jan.  1639-40;  Hannah,  b.  2  Feb.  1641-2,  d.  20  June  1642;  prob.  an- 
other Hannah,  b.  about  1643,  m.  John  Braekett  at  Billerica,  6  Sept.  1661; 
Samuel,  b.  3  Dec.  1645,  d.  15  July  1646.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and 
Lieutenant  of  the  militia;  he  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street, 
about  midway  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount  Auburn  Street,  which 
estate  he  bought  in  1639,  and  sold  to  William  Barrett,  10  June  1656.  About 
1653,  he  removed  to  Billerica  and  was  the  first  Representative  of  that  town, 
1666;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  31  Mar.  1668,  and  he  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  John 
Stearns,  6  May  1669,  and  had  Mari/,  b.  3  Ap.  1670;  Sarah,  b.  29  Oct.  1671; 
Abigail,  b.  14  Ap.  1673,  d.  13  Ap.  1674;  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  20  Nov.  1681,  a. 
78. 

2.  JOHN,  brother  to  William  (1),  by  w.  Joanna,  had  John,  b.  about  1635: 
Sarah,  b.  Oct.  1637,  dismissed  to  the  Church  in   Billerica  16  May  1664,  and 
prob.   the   same  who  m.  John  Trull   11   Dec.   1657;  Joseph,  b.  4   An.  1640; 
Nathaniel,  b.   7  June  1643,  prob.  d.  young.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and 
res.  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  nearly  on  the 
spot  which  now  makes  the  N.  E.  corner  of  said  streets.     He  was  buried   16 
Feb.   1645-6,   and  his  w.    Joanna,    20   Jan.    1645-6.     His    brother  William 
French  of  Billerica  administered,  and  sold  the  homestead  to  Robert  Browne, 
1657 ;   "  John  French,  son  and  heir  of  said  John  French,"  joined  in  the  sale. 

3.  RICHARD,  prob.  brother  to  William  (1),  was  here  a  short  time,  and  by 
w.  Martha,  had  Samuel,  b.  13  July  1653.     He  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of 


552  FRENCH— FROST. 

Bow  Street,  on  the  estate  formerly  of  Nicholas  Danforth,  which  he  bought  26 
Jan.  1651-2,  and  sold  to  Edmund  Angier  8  Oct.  1654,  after  which  time  no 
trace  is  found  of  him  here. 

4.  JOHN,   prob.    s.   of  William    (1),   settled   in   Billerica,   and   m.   Abigail 
Coggan  of  Barnstable  21  June  1659;  she  d.  5  Ap.  1662,  and  he  m.  Hannah 
Burrage  3  July   1663;  she  d.  7  July  1667,  and  he  m.  Mary  Rogers  14  Jan. 
1667-8;  she  d.  16  June  1677,  and  he  m.  another  Mary  soon  afterwards.     His 
children  were  Hannah,  b.    11  Jan.  1663-4,  m.  John  Kittredge  3  Aug.  1685; 
Abigail,  b.  6  Dec.   1665;  Mary,  b.  1  Mar.   1669-70;  John,  b.   15  May  1679; 
Elizabeth,  b.  24  July  1681  ;   William,  b.  26  Nov.  1683,  d.  21  Ap.  1686;   Wil- 
liam, b.  18  Aug.  1687.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  Oct.  1712,  a.  78. 

5.  JACOB,  s.   of  William  (1),  settled  in   Billerica,   and  m.  Mary,  dau.  of 
Elder  Champney  of  Camb.,  20  Sept.  1665;  she  d.  1  Ap.  1681,  and  he  m.  Mary 
Convers  3  June  1685.     His  chil.  were  Jacob,  b.  20  Feb.  1666-7;    William,  b. 
18  July  1668;  Mary,  b.  6  Oct.  and  d.  12  Nov.   1669;  John,  b.  3  Dec.  1670; 
Joseph,  b.  5  May  1673;  Jabez,  b.  and  d.  16  Sept.  1674;  Hannah,  b.  and  d.  23 
Oct.  1677;  Elizabeth,  b.  8  June  1679;  Sarah,  b.  7  Mar.  1680-81;  Abigail,  b. 
20  Ap.   1686,  d.  29  Mar.   1687.     JACOB  the  f.  d.  20  May  1713,  a.  73;  his  w. 
Mary  d.  18  June  1686. 

6.  JOSEPH,   s.   of  John  (2),  settled   in    Billerica,    m.  Experience  Foster  4 
Nov.  1663,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  25  Mar.  and  d.   25  Ap.  1667  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  16 
July   1668;  Joseph,  b.  7  Mar.   1669-70;  John,  b.  30  Jan.   1671-2;  Nathaniel, 
b.  6  May  1674;   Thomas,  b.  29  Feb.  1675-6;  Sarah,  b.  6  and  d.  20  Ap.  1677; 
Jacob,  b.  26  Ap.  1678. 

FROST,  EDMUND,  Ruling  Elder  of  the  Church  in  Camb.,  came  here  in  1635, 
and  by  w.  Thomasine,  had  John,  b.  in  England  about  1634;  Thomas,  b.  Ap. 
1637,  d.  young;  Samuel,  b.  Feb.  1637-8;  Joseph,  b.  13  Jan.  1638-9;  James, 
b.  9  Ap.  1640;  Mary,  b.  24  July  1645;  Ephraim ;  Thomas:  Sarah,}).  1653. 
Elder  FROST  bought  of  Thomas  Blodgett,  about  1639,  an  estate  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount  Auburn 
Street,  which  he  sold  soon  afterwards  to  wid.  Catherine  Haddon;  he  then 
bought  a  house  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  near  Mason  Street, 
which  he  occupied  in  1642,  but  sold  to  Richard  Eccles  in  1646.  His  subse- 
quent residence  is  not  known  with  certainty ;  but  several  circumstances  indi- 
cate that  he  occupied  the  estate  on  the  northerly  side  of  Kirkland  Street, 
extending  from  Divinity  Hall  Avenue  to  and  beyond  Francis  Avenue,  which 
estate  remained  in  possession  of  his  posterity  until  a  very  recent  period  He 
was  reputed  to  be  rich  in  Faith,  and  manifestly  enjoyed  the  confidence  of 
Shepard  and  his  Church.  Yet  he  had  trial  of  earthly  poverty ;  and  while  his 
associate,  Elder  Champney,  added  acre  to  acre  and  became  one  of  the  largest 
landholders  in  town,  he  possessed  little  besides  his  homestead,  and  his  press- 
ing wants  were  relieved  by  the  Church.  His  w.  Thomasine  d.  and  before 
1669  he  m.  wid.  Reana  Daniel,  who  survived  him.  He  d.  12  July  1672, 
leaving  to  his  children  the  example  of  a  godly  life. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Thomas  Andrew,  26  June 
1666,  and  had  John,  b.   19  Nov.  1667,  was  a  mason,  and   resided  in   Salem 
1696 ;  Rebecca,  b.  3  Dec.  1669,  m.  Deac.  Joseph  Coolidge,  and  d.  1  July  1750 
(her  dau.  Rebecca  was  w.  to  the  first,  and  mother  to  the  second,  Prof.  Wig- 

glesworth)  ;  Thomas,  b. ,  was  a  weaver,  and  resided  here  in  1696.     JOHN 

the  f.  d.  and  administration  was  granted,  30  Sept.  1672,  to  wid.  Rebecca,  for 
herself  and  her  three  children.     The  wid.  m.  George  Jacobs,  Jr.,  of  Danvers 
Village,  9  Feb.  1674,  and  was  imprisoned  during  the  witchcraft  delusion. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  in   Camb.,  Samuel,  b.  21 
Aug.  1664;  Isaac,  b.  21   Oct.   1666;  Edmund,  b.  21   Aug.  1668;  he  rem.  to 
Billerica  as  early  as  1674,  at  which  time  he  had  m.  Elizabeth  Miller,  by  whom 
he  had  John,  b.  2  Ap.  1678;  Benjamin,  b.  10  Aug.  1683  ;  Jonathan,  b.  3  Nov. 
1685;  Daniel,  b.  12  and  d.  14  Ap.  1689;  Edmund,  b.  1  Mar.  1691-2.     A  son 
Edmund  had  d.  12  Feb.  1690-91.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  at  Billerica  12  Aug.  1711, 
a.  73. 

4.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  settled  in  Chs. ,  m.  Hannah  Miller  22  May 


FROST.  553 

1666,  and  had  Jabez,  b.  12  Dec.  16G7;  Susanna,  b.  27  Jan.  16G8-9;  Joseph,  b. 
15  Feb.  1670-71,  perhaps  the  same  who  m.  Sarah  Whittemore  12  Jan.  1707-8; 
Stephen,  b.  9  Mar.  1672-3;  Nathaniel,  bap.  7  May  1676;  Hannah,  b.  30  Aug. 
1677;  Abigail,  b.  12  Mar.  1679-80;  Miller,  b.  28  Feb.  1682-3;  Faith,  b.  9  Sept. 
1687.  JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  about  1692,  and  administration  was  granted  to  wid. 
Hannah  23  Jan.  1692-3. 

5.  JAMES,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  settled  in  Billerica,  and  in.  Rebecca  Hamlet 
17    Dec.    1664;  she  d.   20    Aug.  1666,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dan.  of  Thomas 
Foster,  22  Jan.  1666-7.     His  children  were  James,  b.  14  Aug.  1666;   Thomas, 
b.  18  Oct.  1667;   John,  b.   14  Nov.  1668,  d.   3  Mar.  1668-9;  Samuel,  b.  28 
Feb.  1669-70;  Elizabeth,  b.   6  Nov.   1672,  m.  Peter   Cornell;    Edmund,  b.  14 

and  d.  18  May  1675;   Sarah,  b.   15  July  1678,  m.  Howard;  Hannah,  b. 

31  Jan.  1680-81  ;  Joseph,  b.   21  Mar.    1682-3;  Abigail,  b.  23  Aug.   1685,  m. 
Ephraim    Kidder;  Benjamin,  b.    8    Mar.    1687-8,  and   Mary,   who   m.   John 
Walker.     JAMES  the  f.  was  deacon  of  the  Billerica  Church,  and  d.  12   Aug. 
1711,  a.  71;  his  w.  Elizabeth  survived. 

6.  EPHRAIM.  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  by  w.  Hepzibah ,  had  Mary,  b.  20  May 

1678,  in.  Howard;  Edmund,  b.   14  Mar.  1679-80;   Ephraim,  b.  23  Sept. 

1682;   Thomas,  b.  prob.  1688;   Ebenezer,  bap.  17  Jan.  1696-7;  Sarah,  b. , 

m.  Nathaniel  Patten  17  May  1720.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  on  the  homestead,  on 
the  northerly  side  of  Kirkland  Street,  and  d.  2  Jan.  1717-18,  a.   72;  his  w. 
Hepzibah  survived. 

7.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Edmund  (1),  settled  in  Sudbury,  m.  Mary  Goodridge  12 
Nov.  1678,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  23  Aug.  1679;  John,  b.  14  Sept.  1684,  rein,  to 
Groton ;   Samuel,  b.  28  Nov.  1686  (was  father  of   Amariah,  b.  4    Oct.  1720, 
grad.  H.  C.  1740,  minister  at  Milfbrd,  and  d.  1792);  and  Sarah,  who  in.  John 
Kice.     THOMAS  the  f.  m.  (2d)  Hannah  Johnson  of  Sudbury,  9  July  1691,  who 
d.  3  Ma*  1712,  and  he  m.  (3d)  Sarah  Singletary,  22  Dec.  '1712.     He  prob.  d. 
1724.     See  Barry'1  s  Hist.  Framingham. 

8.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Joseph  (4),  prob.  res.  in  Chs.,  where  he  m.  Elizabeth 
Woodward  1    Feb.  1699-1700.     His  children,  baptized  here,  were  Elizabeth, 
22  Dec.  1700;  Stephen,  6  Sept.  1702;  Hannah,  23  Feb.  1703-4;  Susanna,  10 
Mar.  1705-6. 

9.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Ephraim   (6),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Cooper, 
1  Feb.  1710-11,  and  had  Hannah,  bap.  26  Oct.  1712,  m.  Samuel  Bowman  20 
Mar.  1745-6;  Elizabeth  (Ch.  Rec.  Hannah),  bap.  22  Feb.  1712-13,  m.  John 
Goddard    19    Feb.    1734;    Edmund,   bap.   12  June   1715;     Stephen,   bap.    18 
Jan.  1718-19;  Jonathan,  bap.  20  Feb.  1720-21;  Gideon,  bap.   14  June  1724. 
EDMUND  the  f.  was  a  shoemaker,  and  res.  on  the  homestead,  Kirkland  Street. 
He  d.  6  Nov.  1752,  a.  72;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  15  May  1767,  a.  83. 

10.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (6),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Cooper, 
9  Sept.  1814,  and  had  Ephraim,  b.   10  July  1715;  Samuel,  b.  18  Dec.  1716; 
Sarah,  b.  2  Jan.  1718-19,  m.  Moses  Harrington,  and  d.  12  May  1759;  Anna, 
b.  15  Dec.  1720,  m.  Thomas  Adams  22  Sept.  1737;  Martha,  b.  4   Aug.  1722, 
m.  Joseph  Adams,  Jr.,  10  Jan.  1740;  Eunice,  b.  19  July  1724,d.  10  Ap.  1732; 

Abigail,  b.  25  Ap.  1726,  m. Carter;    William,  b.  13  Nov.  1727,  d.  13  Feb. 

1727-8;  Lydia,  b.  8  Aug.  1729.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  26 
June  1769,  a.  87;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  21  Feb.  1753,  a.  66. 

11.  THOMAS,  a.  of  Ephraim   (6),   m.  Mary   Butterfield  25  Oct.  1716,  and 

had  Joseph,  b.   21   Dec.  1717;   Hepzibah,  b.  31    Aug.   1719,  m. Wheeler ; 

Ruth,  b.  17  Mar.  1721-2,  m.  Josiah  Fessenden,  pub.  25  Oct.  1755;   Thomas, 
bap.  9   Feb.    1723-4;  Silas  and   Mary,  twins,  bap.   11   Aug.    1728  (Mary  m. 
Silas  Stone  before  1771,  and  was  living  in  New  Braintree  1795);   Phebc,  bap. 
26  Sept.  1731,  m.  Nathaniel  Francis,  Jr.,  11  An.  1751;  Jonathan  (perhaps  the 
same  who  is  called  John,  in  the   mother's  will,  1771),  bap.  25  Feb.  1732-3; 
Sarah,  b.  about  1736,  named  in  her  mother's  will,  d.  unm.  17  May  1825,  a.  8!); 
Lydia,  b.  29  Aug.  1740.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  in  Menot,,  and  d.  3  May  1765,  a. 
77  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  10  Mar.  1  774,  a.  77. 

12.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ephraim  (6),  in.  Deborah  Martin  2  July  1723,  and  had 
Abraham,  b.  7  Mar.  1723-4;  Ebenezer,  bap.  22  Aug.  1725;  James,  b.   2  Mar. 


554  FROST. 

1731-2.  EBENEZER  the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  purchased  of  Samuel  Cooper, 
1730,  an  estate  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  which  subsequently  de- 
scended to  the  wife  of  Jonathan  W.  Ford.  He  d.  between  16  Ap.  and  28 
June  1768  ;  his  w.  Deborah  survived. 

13.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Edmund  (9),  m.  Sarah  Rand  of  Chs.,  9  Aug.  1750.  and 
had  Sarah,  b.  24  May  1751  ;  Edmund,  b.  21  July  1753;  Stephtn,  b.  13  Sept, 
1755;  Jonathan,}^.  12*  Dec.  1757,  d.  7  Aug.  1800;  Hannah,  b.  13  May  1760,  m. 
Josiah  Wilson  13  Ap.  1 780 ;  Nehemiah,  b.  6  Oct.  1  762 ;  Abigail,  b.  23  Nov.  1763; 
Phebe,  b.  4  June  1766,  d.  unm.  3  Dec.  1811 ;  Samuel,  b.  16  Mar.  1770,  perhaps 
m.  Dorcas  Hill  15  Oct.  1789.     EDMUND  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  res.  on  a 
part  of  the  homestead,  and  prob.  d.  about  1777;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  28  Oct.  1801, 

a.  71.     A  son  Gideon  received  a  share  of  his  estate. 

14.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Edmund  (9),  according  to  Winthrop,  grad.  H.  C.  1 739, 
was  a  preacher,  and  d.  9  Aug.  1749,  a.  nearly  31. 

15.  GIDEON,  s.  of  Edmund  (9),  m.   Sarah  Ireland  18  Jan.  1753,  and  had 
Sarah,  b.  1  Mar.  1754,  d.  unm.  29  July  1821 ;  Gideon,  b.  14  Oct.  1  755,  was  a 
physician  in  Uxbridge ;  John,  b.  4  Mar.  1758,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.  15  Nov. 
1760,  m.   Thomas    Frothingham    24    Sept.   1785;    Walter,  b.   29    Aug.  1766; 
Martha,  b.  29  June  1769,  in.  Thomas  Austin  of  Boston  22  Mar.  1807,  and  d. 
17  Ap.  1838;  William,  b.  23  Ap.  1774.      GIDEON  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and 
for  a  period  of  twenty  years  was  deacon   of  the   Church.     He  possessed,  by 
inheritance  and  purchase,  the  homestead  on  Kirkland  Street,   but  his  resi- 
dence, after  about  1763,  was  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  nearly 
opposite  to  Linnsean  Street.     He  d.  30  June  1803,  a.   79;  his  w.  Sarah  d. 
July  1805,  a.  76. 

16.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (10),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Cutter,  pub. 
16  Mar.  1739,  and  had  Anna,  b.  22  Oct.  1740,  d.  20  Nov.  1740;  Ephniim,  b. 
29   Sept,    1742;  Jonathan,  b.   15  Dee.  1744,  grad.  H.  C.  1767,  and  A  25  Ap. 
1771;   Stephen,  b.  18  June  1747;  Ruhamah,  b.  4  Nov.  1749,  m.  John  Russell 
31  Aug.  1769;  Mary,  b.  4  Mar.  1752,  m.  Jonathan  Locke  3  Jan.  1775;  Anna, 

b.  3  Oct.  1754;  Lydia,  b.  21  Oct.  1756,  d.  23  Oct.  1766;  John,  b.  9  Sept.  1760; 
Amos,  b.  17  Aug.  1763.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.  and  d.  5  Mar.  1799, 
a.  84;  his  w.  Mary  d.  20  Oct.  1805,  a.  89. 

17.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Ephraim  (10),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Cutter,  19 
Feb.  1741,  and  had  Samuel  b.  7  Dec.  1741,  d.  young;  Samuel,  b.  2  Aug.  1743, 
d.  24  Ap.  1790;  Abigail,  b.  24  Jan.  1744-45,  living  unm.  1799;  Rebecca,  b.  28 
Dec.  1746,  m.  Solomon  Prentice  13  Ap.  1775;  John,  b.  29  June  1748,  d.  9  Aug. 
1749;  Martha,  b.  12  May  1750,  m.  Isaac  Tufts  16  Ap.  1769;  she  seems  after- 
wards to  have  m.  a  Cooper,  which  name  she  bore  in  1799;  Sarah,  b.  10  June 

1752,  m.  John  Hutchinson  28  May  1772  ;  John,b.  23  June  1754;  Hannah,  bap. 
21  May  1758,  m.  Josiah  Wilson  13  Ap.  1780;  Seth,  b.  20  Mar.  1760;  William, 
bap.  3  Jan.   1762,  d.  20  Sept.   1791  ;   Cooper,  b.  20  Mar.  1764,  married,  had 
children,  many  of  whom  d.  in  infancy,  and  d.  30  Sept.   1813,  a.  49;  Lydia 
Harrington,  b.  16  Nov.  1766,  m.  Simeon  Crosby  7  May  178T.     SAMUEL  the 
f.  res.  in  Menot,  and  d.  30  Sept.  1798,  a.  nearly  82;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  7  Mar. 
1796,  a.  74. 

18.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Thomas  (H),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Ephraim  Cook,  8  Feb. 

1753,  and  had  James,  b.  9  June  1753;  Joseph,  b.  14  Jan.  1757,  removed  to 
Harvard,  was  Deacon,  and  d.  1827  ;  Sarah,  b.  8  Aug.  1760,  d.  unm.  22  Sept. 
1837;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Dec.  1764,  d.  unm.  1  May  1813;  Mary,b.  11  Nov.  1767; 
Jona'han,  b.  27  Jan.  1775.     JOSEPH  the  f.  res.  m  Menot.  and  d.  22  Sept.  1798, 
a.  nearly  81 ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  28  Oct.  1801,  a.  71. 

19.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  Thomas  (11),  by  w.  Betty,  had  Betsey,  b.  16  Feb. 
1776,  m.  Benjamin  Harrington  of  Chs.  1  Oct.  1792;  Abigail,  b.  12  July  1778, 
d.  20  Nov.  1782;  Eunice,  b.  12  Sept.  1780;  Lucy,  b.  31  May  1782,  m.  Stephen 
Tufts  9  Dec.  1798;  Abigail,  b.  29  Mar.  1784,  m.  John  Niles  27  Mar.  1803; 
John,  b.  12  Oct.  1785;   Reuben,  b.  14  Ap.  1787,  d.  8  May  1829;  Mary,  b.  12 
Mar.  1789.     His  w.  Betty  d.  18  Mar.  1802,  a.  51. 

20.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Ebene/er  (li),  m.  Mary  Oliver  8  June  1747,  and  had 
Deborah,  b.  1  Ap.  1748,  d.  8  Oct.  1753  ;  Olicer,  b.  4  June  1751;  Abraham,  b. 


FROST.  555 

25  Jan.  1754 ;  Mary  and  Lucy,  twins,  bap.  10  June  1759;  Samuel,  bap.  1  Nov. 
1761.     This  family  prob.  rem.  as  no  further  trace  of  them  is  found. 

21.  EBEXEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (12),  m.  Naomi,  dan.  of  Thomas  Dana,  21 
A  p.  1748;  she  d.  and  he  in.  Ruth  Wright  of  Woburn,  pub.  24  Feb.  1761.     His 
children  in  Canib.  were  Ebenezer,  bap.  19  Feb.  1748-9;  Mary,  bap.  24  Feb. 
1750-51 ;  David,  bap.  9  June  1754;  Deborah,  bap.  12  Feb.  1758.     EBENEZER 
the  f.  rem.  to  Rutland,  and  was  appointed  guardian  to  the  four  children  of  his 
w.  Naomi,  13  July  1761. 

22.  JAMES,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (12),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Dr.  Ebenezer  Robv 
of  Sudbury,  about  1753,  and  Mary  Prentice  of  Chs.  1   Dec.  1768.     His  chil- 
dren were  James,  b.  8  Feb.  1754;   David,  b.  4   Ap.  1757;  Elizabeth,  bap.   23 
Dec.  1759,  d.  young;  Ebenezer  Roby,  b.  26  Nov.  1763,  d.  in  the  almshouse,  11 
May  1810,  described  as  "late  of  Providence";   Mary,  posthumous,  b.  3  and 
d.  24  Feb.  1771.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  physician,  possessed  the  homestead  on 
North  Avenue,  and  d.  22  July  1770,  a.  38;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Nehemiah  Rand 
Chs.  1766? 

23.  WALTER,  s.  of  Gideon  (15),  m.  Martha  Tufts  of  Chs.    21  June  1792, 
and  had  Martha,  b.    (prob.    1792),  d.  31   Oct.  1796,  a.  4;  John,  bap.  17  Aug. 
1794,  was  printer  in  Boston  and  New  Orleans:    Walter,  bap.  14  Feb.  1796, 
carriage  maker  in  Boston;  Martha,  b.  abt.  1798,  m.  Geo.  II.  Kuhn,  Boston; 
Sarah  Ann,  bap.  19  July  1801,  d.  10  Oct.  1802;   Gideon,  bap.  17  July  1803, 
d.  5  Sept.  1825;  Samuel  T,  (prob.  the  same  who  was  born   at  his  mother's 
death,  as  she  d.  in  childbed  30  July  1805,  a.  32).     WALTER  the  f.  was  a  tan- 
ner, res.  on   the  easterly  side  of  North   Avenue   near  the   Railroad    Bridge  on 
the  estate  recently  owned  by  Ozias  Morse,  which  passed  out  of  his  hands  in 
1807,    when  he  pVob.  rem.  from  Camb.     He   d.  at  Haverhill  20    Ap.  1818, 
a.  52. 

24.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  GHeon  (15),  m.  Lucy  Adams  of  Chs.  who  d.  25  Nov. 
1809,  a.  36,  and  he  m.  Mary  Teele  (pub.   29    Dec.   1810);     His  chil.  were 

Wiliiam,  bap.  27  Dec.  1801 ;  Edmund,  bap.  17  July  1803;  Lucy  C.,  b. ,  m. 

Gideon  Frothingham  of  Sandlake,  N.  Y.,  3  Sept.  1839;   Henry,  bap.  5   Oct. 
1817,  a  painter,  rem.  to  Galena,  111. ;   Frederick  Austin,   bap.   15  Oct.   1820; 

Benjamin,  b. ,  rem.   to  Galena;  and   perhaps  others.      WILLIAM  the  f. 

res.  in  1800  on   the  northerly  side  of   Linnaean  Street,  but  afterwards  rem.  to 
the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  Forest  Street,  and  d.  10  July  1832, 
a.  58. 

25.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (16),  m.  Lydia  Perry  6  June  1765;  she  d.  19 
Oct.  1792,  and  he  m.  Mary  (or  Martha)  Boylston  of  Chs.   3  June  1794.     His 
children  were  Ephraim,  b.  7  Ap.  1766;  Lydia,  b.  30  Jan.  1768,  m.  Jonas  Cut- 
ter 19   Oct.  1786;  James,  b.  31  Jan.    1770,  m.  Margaret  Locke  1   Feb.  1795, 
who  d.   10   Sept.   1803,  a.  26,  and  he  m.  Susanna  Fillebrown   3  Mar.  1805  ; 
Jonathan,  b.  2  Mar.  1772,  d.  17  Aug.  1773;  Mary,b.  26  Ap.  1775,  m.  Spencer 
Bucknam   of  Medford,  9  Nov.  1794;    Ruth,  b.  26  Ap.  1777  ;  Isaac,  b.  7  Aug. 
1780,  d.  14  Feb.  1804.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  was  deacon  of  the 
Church   forty-one  years,  and  d.  4  Ap.  1833,  a.  nearly  91;  his  w.  Martha  (or 
Mary)  d.  10  Nov.  1824,  a.  68. 

26.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Ephraim  (16),  m.  Susanna  Brown  22  Dec.  1772,  and 
had  Susanna,  b.  18  Nov.  1773,  d.  young;  Step/ten,  b.  14   Sept.    1775;  Jona- 
than, b.  6  Dec.  1777;  Susanna,  b.  26  Aug.  1779;  Abigail,  bap.  14  Oct.  1781; 
Frances,  b.  about  1788,  d.  10  Feb.  1816,  a.  28;  Daniel,  bap.  7  Nov.  1790,  d. 
24  Mar.  1822;  Mary,  bap.  26   Aug.   1792.     STEPHEN,  the  f.  res.  in  Menot., 
was  a  captain,  and  d.   31  Oct.  1810,  a.  63  ;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  15  Oct.  1800, 
aged  50. 

27.  JOHN,   s.  of  Ephraim  (16),   m.  Susanna  Hill  21  Nov.  1780,  and  had 
Susanna,  bap.  4  Mar.  1781;  Anna,  b.  25  Jan.  1783;  Jonathan,  bap.  1   Mar. 
1789;  Asa,  bap.  7  Nov.  1790;  Isaac,  bap.   16  Dec.  1792;  Mary,  bap.  21  Dec. 
1794;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  6  June  1801.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  15 
May  1812,  a.  52;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  29  Sept.  1804,  a.  44. 

28.  AMOS,  s.  of  Ephraim  (16),  by  w.  Lydia,   had  A  most.  bap.  1  June  1788 
(idiot),  d.   18  June  1812;  Joel,  bap.   1   Mar.  1789;   Thaddeu*,  bap.  11  Dec. 


556  FROST  — FRYERS  — FULLER. 

1791,  d.  4  Oct.  1792;  Lydia,  bap.  24  Nov.  1793;  Thaddeus,  bap.  7  Feb.  1796; 
William,  bap.  3  Dec.  1797;  Abijah,  bap.  13  Oct.  1799;  Susan,  bap.  6  Sept. 
1801. 

29.  JOHN,  s'.  of  Samuel  (17),  by  w.  Lydia,  had   Mary,  bap.  15  Mar.  1789; 
Sarah,  bap.  10  Aug.  1790,  d.  13  Feb.  1791:  Sarah,  bap.  5  Feb.  1792;  Maria, 
bap.  14  Dec.  1793;  and  perhaps  others      JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d. 
1  Nov.  1818,  .a.  64;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  9  Ap.  1804,  a.  42. 

30.  SETH,  s.  of  Samuel  (17),  m.  Sarah  Hill  20  Nov.  1781',  and  had  Sarah, 
b.  11  Sept.  1782;  Abigail  Cutter,  bap.  2  Nov.  1788;  Patty,  bap.  14  Ap.  1793; 
Samuel,  bap.  14  Ap.  1793,  d.  25  July  1822,  a.  29;  Rebecca  Wellington,  bap.  5 
June  1795;  and  perhaps  others.     SETH  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  23  Jan. 
1814,  a.  nearly  54. 

31.  JAMES,  s.  of  Joseph  (18),  m.  Susanna  Dutton  3  Dec.   1776,  and  had 
Susanna,  b.  8  Sept.  1777:  Patty,  b.  5  Jan.  1780;  in  the  division  of  the  estate, 
1819,  two  other  children  are  named,  — James,  and  Anna,  w.  of  Eben  Cutter. 
JAMES  the  f.   res.    on    the  westerly   corner  of   North  Avenue  and  Tannery 
Street.     He  d.  7  Aug.  1818,  a.  65;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  prob.  1820;  administra- 
tion on  her  estate  was  granted  10  Jan.  1821. 

32.  JAMES,  s.  of  James   (22),   m.  Grace  Bonner  of   Springfield,   and  had 
Elizabeth,  who  m.  Thomas  Wallace  10  Oct.  1800.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  tin- 
plate  worker,  res.   on   the  southerly  part  of  the  homestead,  and  d.  13  Nov. 
1825;  his  w.  Grace  d.  14  June  1803,  a.  42. 

33.  DAVID,  s.  of  James  (22),  m.  Elizabeth  Allen  8   May    1777,    and  had 
David,  b.  6  Sept.  1777,  d.  of  dropsy  7  Mar.  1816;  /amex,  b.  13  Feb.  1780,  a 
carpenter,  d.  on  his  passage  from  the  West  Indies  25  July  1812;  John,  b.  4 
Feb.  1782,  d.  young;  Betsey  Roby,  b.   17  Aug.  1784,  m.  Jonathan  W.  Ford 
23  Oct.  1808,  and  d.^26  Mar.  1820;  Pamela,  b.  30  Aug.  1786,  d.  8  July  1787 
(date  of  1788  on  G.  S  is  wrong).     DAVID  the  f.  res.  on  the  homestead,  and 
d.  17  Jan.  1787,  a.  about  30;  his  w.  Elizabeth  was  buried  1  Ap.  1839,  a.  86. 

34.  EPHKAIM,  s.   of  Deac.  Ephraim  (25),  m.  Elizabeth  Lolridge  4  July 
1793,  and  had  Ephraim,  bap.  3  Aug.  1794  ;  Mary  Ann  Jones,  bap.  7  Feb.  and 
d.  1  Oct.  1796  ;  Henry  Hope  Jones,  b.  17  Aug.  1797,  d.  24  Aug.  1799;  Henry, 
bap.  22  Mar.  1801 :  and  perhaps  others. 

35.  STEPHEN,  si  of   Stephen  (26),  m.  Sarah  Twadell  29  Mar.  1798,  and 
had  Stephen,  bap.  24  Nov.  1798,  and  perhaps  others. 

FRYERS,  JAMES.     His  w.  Katherine  d.  28  July  1640. 

FULLER,  JOHN,  settled  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  now  Newton,  about 
1644,  and  was  an  extensive  landholder.  By  his  w.  Elizabeth,  he  had  John, 
b.  1645  ;  Jonathan,  b.  1648,  m.  Sarah  Mirick,  and  d.  \  7 22;.  Joseph,  b.  10  Feb. 
1652-3;  Joshua,  b.  16  Feb.  1654-5;  Jeremiah,  b.  4  Mar.  1658-9,  m.  Elizabeth 
,  and  d.  1741  ;  Bethia,  b.  23  Nov.  1661,  m.  Nathaniel  Bond  1684;  Eliza- 
beth, b. ,  m.  Job  Hyde  ;  Isaac,  b.  2  Dec.  1665,  d.  1691,  a.  26.  JOHN  the 

f.  was  a  farmer  and  maltster;  he  d.  1698,  a.  87. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Abigail  Ballstone  (or  Boylston)  30  June  1682, 
and  had  Sarah,  b.  5  Oct.  1683;  John,  b.   2   Sept.  1685,  and  perhaps   others. 
JOHN  the  f.  prob.  m.  (2d)  Margaret  Hicks  14  Oct.  1714,  and  d.  1720,  a.  75. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Edward  Jackson,    13  Feb. 
1678-9,  and  had  John,  b.  15  Dec.  1680.     He  had  in   all  five  sons  and  two 
daughters.     One  of  his  sons,  Joseph,  b.  4  July  1685,  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Abra- 
ham Jackson,  and  had  Abraham,  b.  23  Mar.  1720,  who  was  a  Captain,  Judge, 
Representative  eighteen  years,  between  1764   and  1790,  m.  Sarah  Dyer,  and 
had   Sarah,  b.   27  Ap.  1759,  m.  Gen.  William   Hull,   and  Joseph,   b.   and  d. 
1765.     JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  1740,  a.  88;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  1726,  a.  70. 

4.  JOSHUA,  s.  of  John  (I),  m.  Elizabeth  Ward  7  May  1679;  she  d.  17  Aug. 

1691,  amL  he  in.  Hannah ;   19  July  1742,  he  married  a  third  wife;  the 

record,  as  made  by  Dr.  Appleton,  is,  "  Joshua  Fuller  in  88th  year,  and  Mary 
Dana  in  75th  year."     His  children,  recorded  here,  were  Elizabeth,  b.  22  Jan. 
1679-80,   m.    Isaac   Shepard  of  Medford   31  Dec.  1702;  Hannah,  b.  8  July 
1682;  Experience,  b.  5  Nov.    1685,   m.   Thomas  Miller  of  Newton  23   Mar. 
1709-10;  Mercy,  b.  11  Mar.  1688-9,  m.  Aaron  Cady  23  Mar.  1709-10:  Prix- 


FULLER  — GATES.  557 

cilia,  b.  25  Oct.  1700;  Ruth,  b.  14  Nov.  1702.  JOSHUA  the  f.  d.  1752,  in  the 
98th  year  of  his  age ;  his  w.  Mary  prob.  d.  13  Feb.  1754,  a.  86. 

5.  EBENEZER,  res.  in  what  is  now  Brighton,  and  by  w.  Martha  had  Martha, 
b.  11  Sept.  1791;  Ebenezer,  b.  19  Feb.  1793;  Mary,  b.  4  Ap.  1795  ;  Luci/,  b. 
6  Mar.  1798,  d.  14  Oct.  1799;  Cyrus  Bryant,  b.  21  Ap.  1802,  d.  25  Aug. 
1805;  Lucy,  b.  15  Sept.,  and  d.  in  Nov.  1804.  EBENEZER  the  f.  was  elected 
Deacon  of  the  Brighton  Church  10  Jan.  1803,  and  rein,  to  Newton  about 
1823. 

GARDEN,  RICHARD,  had  a  grant  of  timber,  for  fencing,  1663. 

GARDNER,  THOMAS,  of  Roxbury,  d.  Nov.  1638,  leaving  chil.  Thomas  and 
Peter. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of   Thomas  (1),    m.    Lucy  Smith  4  July  1641,   and   had 
Andrew,  Thomas,  Abigail,  Alary,  Peter,  Abigail  (2d),  Lucy,  Joanna^  Joshua, 
Caleb.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  in  Roxbury,  and  d.  15  July  1689;  his  w.  Lucy  d. 
6  Nov.  1687. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas   (2),  m.  Mary  Bowles  17  Nov.  1673,  and   had 
Sarah,  Thomas,  Mary,  John,  Caleb,  Peter,  Isaac,  Richard,  Solomon  (?),  Ben- 
jamin.    THOMAS  the  f.  res.  in  Roxbury  or  Brookline,  and  d.  in  1725. 

4.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Thomas  (3),  m.  Elizabeth  Winchester,  and  had  Thomas, 
Elizabeth,  John,  Sarah.     RICHARD  the  f.  and  his  w.  were  dismissed  from  the 
Church  in  Brookline,  and  recommended  to  the  Church  in  Cambridge  in  1725. 
He  was  the  first  of  this  family  in   Camb.,  and  d.  9  Jan.  1776,  a.   73;  his  w. 
Elizabeth  d.  Aug.  1795. 

5.  THOMAS,   s.   of   Richard   (4),  m.  Joanna   Sparhawk,  and  had  Richard, 
Thomas,  Thomas  (2d),  Samuel,  Elizabeth.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  the  patriotic 
Colonel,1  who  sealed  his  devotion  to  his  country  with  his  blood  on  Bunker 
Hill,  17  June  1775.     See  pp.  418-420.     He  d.  of  his  wounds  3  July  1775;  his 
w.  Joanna  d.  24  Nov.  1794. 

6.  RICHARD,  s.  of  Thomas  (5),  m.  Hannah  Goldthwait,  and  had  John;  Jo- 
anna; Martha;  Hannah,  m.  Dr.  James  P.  Chaplin  of  Camb.  10  Doc.  1807,  and 
d.  24  May  1838,  a.  45;  Susan;  Sally. 

7.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (5),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Isaac  Gardner,  who  was 
slain  in  Camb.  on  the  memorable   19th  of  April  1775,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  2 
Feb.  1791,  m.  Aaron  Rice  of  Camb.  10  Oct.  1821,  and  d.  7  July  1853;  Thomas ; 
Susanna;  Mary  S. ;  Harriet  E.;  Thomas  S.     No  trace  is  found  in  the  Camb. 
Records  of  Col.  Gardner's  parentage,  or  of  his  children;  nor  do  the  Probate 
Records  refer  to  the  settlement  of  his  estate,,    The  materials  for  the  foregoing 
brief  sketch  were  given  to  me  by  Mr.  Thomas  Gardner  Rice  (son  of   Aaron 
and  Hannah),  the  present  Cambridge  representative  of  two  martyrs  in   the 
cause  of  liberty,  namely  Isaac  Gardner,  Esq.  of  Brookline,  and  Col.   Thomas 
Gardner  of  Cambridge. 

GASKELL,  or  GASKIN,  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  13  May 
1688.  His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  18  Oct.  1686;  his  son  John  d.  9  Oct.  1686.  Un- 
less there  be  an  error  in  the  date,  he  must  have  m.  a  2d  w.  Elizabeth. 

GATES,  STEPHEN,  d.  here  1662,  leaving  w.  Ann,  who  contracted  18  Ap.  1663 
to  marry  Richard  Woodward  of  Watertown.  After  his  death  she  resumed  the 

1  The  spirit  of  patriotism  and  self-sacri-  formed  from  good  authority  that  the  Cotn- 
fice  which  animated  Col.  Gardner  in  the  nuttee  of  Correspondence  for  the  several 
Revolutionary  struggle  is  exhibited  in  his  Towns  in  the  County  of  Worcester  have 
letter  to  the  Committee  of  Correspondence  assembled,  are  in  high  spirits,  and  perfectly 
in  Boston:  "Cambridge,  Aug.  12,  1774.  united.  The  Committee  for  Cambridge  and 
Kriends  and  Brethren,  The  time  is  come  Charlestown  are  to  have  a  conference  to- 
that  every  one  that  lias  a  tongue  and  an  arm  morrow,  and  I  trust  the  whole  County  of 
is  called  upon  by  their  country  to  stand  forth  Middlesex  will  soon  be  assembled  by  Dele- 
in  its  behalf;  and  I  consider  the  call  of  my  gates  from  the  respective  Towns  in  said 
country  as  the  call  of  God,  and  desire  to  be  County.  I  have  the  greatest  re«»on  to  be- 
all  obedience  to  such  a  call.  In  obedience  lieve  that  the  people  will  cluise  rather  to  fall 
thereto  I  would  administer  some  consolation  gloriously  in  the  cause  of  their  Country, 
unto  you,  bv  informing  you  of  the  glorious  than  meanly  submit  to  slavery.  I  am  your 
union  of  the  good  peopfe  of  this  Province,  Friend  and'Brotlier, 
both  in  sentiment  and  action.  I  am  in-  THOMAS  GAHDMBK." 


558  GATES  —  GIBSON. 

name  of  Gates,  and  d.  at  Stow  1683.     Their  children  were  Stephen;  Simon  ; 
Thomas;  Elizabeth,  m.  John  Lasell;  and  Mary,  m.  John  Maynard  of  Sudbury. 

2.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Stephen  (1),  by  w.  Sarah  had  Simon,  b.  here   5  Mar. 
1666-7.     In  his  will,  dated  at  Stow,  5  Sept.  1701,  and  proved  15  Sept.  1707, 
are  named  w.  Sarah,  and  children  Stephen,  Simon,  Thomas,  Isaac,  Nathaniel, 
Daniel,  Surah,  and  Rebecca. 

3.  SIMON,  s.  of  Stephen  (1),  by  w.  Margaret,  had  Abigail,  b.  14  Aug.  1671, 
m.  Nathaniel  Sparhawk;  Simon,  b.   1  Sept.  1673,  d.  2  Jan.  1675-6;  Simon,  b. 
5  Jan.  1675-6,  settled  in  Marlborough,  and  was  ancestor  of  a  numerous  pos- 
terity there  and    in  Worcester  County;   George,  b.   6  Ap.   1678,   d.  23  May 
1679;  Amos,  b.   about  1680;  Jonathan,  b.  22  June  1683;  Samuel,}).   11    Aug. 
]685;    Margaret,    b.    13  Aug.   1689,    m.  James   How.     SIMON  the  f.  d.   at 
Brookline,  and  his  estate  was  settled  by  agreement  11  Oct.  1705. 

4.  AMOS,  s.  of  Simon  (3),  m.  Hannah,  dau.   of  Samuel    Oldham,  19   May 
1703,  and  had  Hannah,  b.    28   Oct.    1706,  m.  Jonathan  Edmunds,  Newton; 
Margaret,  bap.  25  Ap.  1708,  in.  Thomas  Spring,  Newton,  31  Dec.  1729;  Abi- 
gail, bap.  25  June   1710,  m.   Jonathan  Pierson,  Andover,   17   Mar.   1729-30; 
Mary,  bap.  27  July  1712,  m.  Nehemiah  Wright  in  Framingham,  24  May  1  733; 
Amos,  bap.  3  Oct.  1714;  Oldham,  bap.  3  Sept.   1716;  Susanna,  bap.  18  Sept. 
1720;  Samuel;  Sarah,  m.  William  Jones,  Framingham,  31  Mar.  1748.     AMOS 
the  f.  rein,  to  Brookline,  thence  to  Framingham,  and  d.  about  1754. 

5.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Simon   (3),  by  w.  Persis,  had  two  children,  bap.    2 
Aug.  1713,  and  8  Jan.  1715-16,  names  not  recorded;  Jonathan,  bap.  20  Oct. 
1717;  Perais,  bap.   9   Aug.  1719;  Margaret,  bap.  10  Sept.   1721;    William,  b. 
5  Jan.    1723-4,  d.  young;  Susanna,  b.   2   June   1726;    William,  b.    17   Oct. 
1727;  Maryaret  (bap.  Abigail),  b.  17  Jan.   1728-9;  Sarah,  b.  12  June  1730; 
William,  bap.  29  Oct.  1732;  John.     JONATHAN  the  f.  rem.  to  Worcester,  and 
died  there  in  1756. 

For  a  more  extended  account  of  the  Gates  family,  see  Barry's  Hist.  Fram- 
ingham. 

GAY,  JOHN,  of  Wrentham,  Miller,  bought  of  Gov.  Belcher,  8  Feb.  1733,  a 
part  of  the  estate  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount  Auburn  streets; 
and  afterwards  purchased  the  remainder,  which  had  been  owned  by  the  heirs 
of  Edmund  Angier,  or  of  John  Hovey.  This  was  the  original  Blue  Anchor 
Tavern  stand;  it  does  not  appear,  however,  whether  Mr.  Gay  pursued  the 
business  of  an  inn-holder.  His  wife,  whom  he  prob.  m.  before  he  removed 
here,  was  Sarah,  dau.  of  Jonathan  Nutting.  They  had  no  children.  He  d. 
between  18  Dec.  1753  and  14  Jan.  1754;  she  d.  1772. 

2.  HANNAH,  m.  Owen  Warland,  3  Ap.  1679.  Rev.  EBENEZER,  of  Suffield, 
Conn.,  in.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Angier,  5  July  1742.  Rev.  BUNKER,  of 
Hinsdale,  N.  H.,  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Henry  Prentice,  22  Sept.  1763. 

GEARNER,  EDMUND,  in  1635,  owned  house  and  land  at  the  S.  W.  corner 
of  Brighton  and  Winthrop  streets.  Pie  removed  before  1642. 

GIBSON,  JOHN,  in  1635,  owned  a  house  on  the  easterly  side  of  Sparks 
Street  not  far  southerly  from  Vassall  Lane;  and  soon  after  he  added  three 
acres  more,  so  that  his  estate  extended  across  to  Garden  Street.  By  his  w. 
Rebecca  he  had  five  children,  all  bap.  here  :  Rebecca,  b.  about  1635,  m. 
Charles  Stearns  22  June  1654,  and  within  two  years  afterwards  was  griev- 
ously afflicted  with  a  mental  disorder,  imagining  herself  to  be  under  the  power 
of  witchcraft ;  Mary,  b.  Mar.  1637-8,  m.  John  Ruggles  of  Rox.  3  Ap.  1655; 
and  d.  6  Dec.  1674;  Martha,  b.  Ap.  1639,  m.  Jacob  Newell  of  Rox.  3  Nov. 
1657;  John,  b.  about  1641;  Samuel,  b.  28  Oct.  1644.  His  w.  Rebecca  was 
buried  at  Rox.  1  Dec.  1661,  and  he  m.  Joanna,  wid.  of  Henry  Prentice,  24 
July  1662.  He  signed  a  petition  to  the  King  in  1688,  and  d.  in  1694,  a.  93. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  in.  Rebecca  Errington   9    Dec    1668,   and   had 
Rebecca,  \).  4  Oct.  1669,  and  perhaps  others.     He  d.   15  Oct.  1679,  a.  38;  his 
w.  Rebecca  d.  4  Dec.  1713,  after  having  long  been  a  pensioner  on  the  bounty 
of  the  Church. 

3.  SAMUKL,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Sarah  Pemberton  30  Oct.  1668;  she  d.  10 
Oct.  1676,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  John  Stedman,  14  June  1679;  she  d. 


GIBSON  —  GLOVER.  559 

about  1680,  and  he  m.  Abigail ,  who  survived  him.  His  children  wore, 

Sarah,  b.  30  Mar.  1670,  m.  John  Stedman  9  Ap.  1691,  and  d.  1  July  1754; 

Martha,  b.  12  Dec.  1671,  m. llolfc;  Samuel,  b.  6  May  and  d.  14  Sept. 

1676;  Samuel,  b.  2  Oct.  1690;  Elizabeth,  b. ,  who,  with  her  mother 

Abigail,  sold  the  original  homestead,  4  May  1711,  to  Jacob  Hill.  SAMUKL 
the  f.  was  a  glover,  and  d.  20  Mar.  1709-10. 

GIRLING,  or  GURLING,  RICHARD,  a  mariner,  25  Aug.  1635,  bought  100 
acres  of  Simon  Willard,  75  acres  of  John  Bridge,  and  25  acres  of  Dolor  Davis, 
all  on  the  south  side  of  the  River,  at  or  near  the  present  S.  W.  corner  of 
Brighton  District.  He  d.  shortly  afterwards.  Under  date  of  19  Sept.  1637, 
the  General  Court  "ordered,  that  Mr.  Joseph  Weld  and  Mr.  John  Benjamin 
(being  authorized),  should  make  sale  of  Mr.  Gtirling's  land,  for  satisfaction  of 
the  creditors,  in  proportion  if  it  came  short,  and  if  an  overplus  be,  that  to 
remain  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Benjamin."  The  land  was  accordingly  sold  to 
William  Andrew,  and  the  sale  confirmed  by  the  Court,  6  Mar.  1637-8.  At 
the  Quarterly  Court,  4  June  1639.  "  Mr.  Benjamin  gave  in  the  account  of 
Richard  Gurling,  whereby  four  shillings  only  appeareth  remaining  due  to 
widow  Gurling.''  It  is  not  known  whether  any  children  survived.  Mr.  Girling 
was  probably  the  same  who  was  Master  of  the  ship  Hope  of  Ipswich,  in  1634, 
in  which  Shepard  embarked,  with  his  friends,  for  New  England,  but  was 
driven  back,  and  narrowly  escaped  destruction.  Shepard  says,  "The  master 
of  it,  a  very  able  seaman,  was  Mr.  Gurling,  who  professed  much  love  to  me, 
who  had  got  this  ship,  of  400  tons,  from  the  Danes,  and,  as  some  report,  it 
was  by  some  fraud.  But  l,e  denied  it  ;  and  being  a  man  very  loving  and  full 
of  fair  promises  of  going  at  the  time  appointed,  and  an  able  seaman,  hence  we 
resolved  to  adventure  that  time,  though  dangerous  in  regard  of  the  approach- 
ing winter."  Autobiography,  p.  45,  ed.  1832. 

GLEASON,  THOMAS,  by  w.  Susanna,  had  Mary,  b.  here  31  Oct.  1657.  He 
is  said  to  have  res.  previously  in  Wat.  and  subsequently  in  Chs.  and  to  have 
d.  about  1684. 

2.  WILLIAM,   perhaps  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Abiel,  or  Abiah,  had  Wil- 
liam, b.  15  Ap.  1679;  Esther,  b.  13  and  d.  27  Sept.  1688.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d. 
here,  and  adm.  was  granted  to  w.  Abiel,  6  Ap.  1691.     He  seems  to  have  res. 
at  the  Farms. 

3.  WILLIAM,  prob.  s.  of  William  (2),  by  w.  Thankful,  had  Experience,  b. 
18  Jan.  1707-8. 

4.  DAVID,  by  w.  Mercy,  had  David,  b.  2  Aug.  1744;  Mary  (bap.  Mercy), 
b.  31  Jan.  1745-6. 

GLOVER,  REV.  JOSE,  was  Rector  of  Sutton,  in  Surrey,  Eng.  In  1638  he 
made  preparations  for  emigrating  to  New  England;  and,  among  other  things, 
provided  a  printing  press,  types,  and  furniture,  and  contracted  with  Stephen 
Daye  7  June  1638,  to  embark  with  him,  and  devote  his  services  as  he  should 
direct.  This  was  the  first  printing  press  established  in  the  British  American 
Colonies.  Mr.  Glover  is  understood  to  have  embarked,  and  to  have  died  on 
the  passage.  Shortly  before  his  departure  from  England,  being  then  in  Lon- 
don, he  executed  a  will,  from  which  it  appears  that  he  had  then  living  a  wife 
and  five  children;  it  also  appears  that  he  had  already  purchased  estates  in 
New  England,  and  possessed,  in  both  Englands,  a  considerably  large  property. 
His  widow  arrived  here  in  1638,  with  the  children,  and  a  stock  of  merchan- 
dise, which  from  time  to  time  she  replenished,  under  the  superintendence  of 
John  Stedman,  her  agent  or  steward,  until  22  June  1641,  when  she  became 
the  wife  of  President  Dunster.  Her  residence  was  on  the  westerly  side  of 
Winthrop  Square,  the  estate  extending  from  Mt.  Auburn  Street  to  Winthrop 
Street.  She  d.  23  Aug.  1643,  and  her  estate,  after  tedious  and  vexatious  litiga- 
tion, was  settled  by  her  surviving  husband.  As  an  illustration  of  the  manner 
in  which  justice  was  administered  more  than  two  hundred  years  ago,  it  may 
be  mentioned,  that,  on  the  final  settlement  of  his  account  by  the  court  Pres. 
Dunster  was  required  to  pay  for  the  use  of  all  the  property  he  had  by  his  wife, 
and  to  surrender  every  article,  or  its  equivalent,  to  her  children;  but,  on  the 
other  hand,  he  was  allowed  payment  for  his  expenses  in  providing  for  the 


560  GLOVER— GODDARD. 

children  while  in  his  family,  and  also  for  "  disbursements  for  the  maintenance 
of  Mrs.  Glover,  for  diet  and  apparel  in  sickness  and  health,  two  years  and 
two  months,  after  her  marriage  to  Mr.  Dunster  until  her  death,  with  a  maid 
to  attend  her,  at  £30  per  annum,  £65  ";  for  medical  attendance  £15 ;  and  for 
funeral  charges  £10.  Mr.  Glover  was  twice  married;  his  first  wife  (as  in- 
scribed on  her  monument,  erected  24  May  1629,  by  her  husband,  in  the 
church  of  which  he  was  Rector),  was  Sarah,  dau.  of  "  Mr.  Roger  Owfield, 
citizen  of  London,"  by  whom  he  "had  three  children,  viz.,  Roger,  Elizabeth, 
and  Sarah.  She  died  July  10,  1628."  See  Glover  Memorials,  p.  563.  His 
second  wife  was  Elizabeth  Harris,  by  whom  he  had  John  and  Priscilla.  Of 
his  children,  Roger  is  said  to  have  been  a  captain,  slain  at  the  taking  of  Edin- 
burgh castle  about  1649;  Elizabeth,  in.  Adam  Winthrop  about  Mar.  1643-4; 
and  after  his  death  she  m.  John  Richards;  Sarah,  m.  Deane  Winthrop  about 
1648;  Priscilla.  m.  John  Appleton  of  Salem,  Oct.  1651;  John,  grad.  H.  C. 
1650,  M.  D.  at  Aberdeen,  and  d.  unm.  about  1668.  The  date  of  his  gradua- 
tion is  assumed ,to  be  1650  (rather  than  1651  when  his  namesake  graduated), 
because  this  best  agrees  with  one  of  the  items  in  Mr.  Dunster's  account :  — 
"maintenance  of  the  children  after  the  death  of  their  mother,  viz,  John 
Glover's  liberal  education,  for  diet,  apparel  and  schooling,  mostly  at  the 
college,  for  seven  years  and  two  months,  at  20/.  per  annum,  143.3.4."  The 
mother  (Mrs.  Dunster)  d.  in  Aug.  1643;  seven  years  and  two  months  would 
expire  in  Oct.  1650.  The  Christian  name  of  Mr.  Glover  has  appeared  in  vari- 
ous forms,  such  as  Joseph,  Jose,  Josse,  Jesse,  Joss,  and  Joas;  and  antiquari- 
ans have  doubted  which  was  the  true  name.  Proof  has  at  last  been  presented 
by  J.  Hammond  Trumbull,  LL.  D.,  that  his  widow  and  Mr.  Dunster  wrote  the 
name  Josse ;  but  that  he  himself  wrote  it  Jose,  three  times  in  his  last  will.  He 
adds,  "  comparison  of  the  forms  Josse,  and  Joan,  with  the  autograph  Jose,  shows 
that  the  name  was  pronounced  as  a  monosyllable,  and  that  the  first  vowel  was 
moderately  lon<r."  See  N.  Eng.  Hist,  and  Gen.  Register,  xxx.  27. 

GODDARD,  EDWARD,  of  Norfolk   Co.,  England,  a  farmer,  m. Doyley, 

and  had  William,  John,  Richard,  Edward,  James,  Vincent,  Benjamin,  Thomas, 
Josias,  and  three  daughters,  who  reached  maturity.  Goddard  Gen.,  p.  5. 

2.  WILLIAM,   s.  of  Edward   (1),  was  a  grocer  in  London,  m.  Elizabeth 
Miles,  and  had  William,  Joseph,  Robert,  and  three  others  who  d.  young.     He 
came  to  N.  Eng.  in  1665;  his  w.  and  chil.  followed  him  in  1666.     He  had  in 
Watertown,  besides  three  who  d.  young,  Benjamin,  b.  17   Aug.  1668  ;  Josiah, 
b.  about  1672,  resided  on  the  homestead,  and  d.  14  Nov.  1720 ;  Edward,  b.  24 
Mar.  1674-5,  m.  Susanna  Stone,  was  a  schoolmaster  in  Boston,  rein,  to  Fram- 
ingham,  was  Selectman,  Town  Clerk,  Representative  nine  years,  member  of 
the  Council  three  years,  and  d.  9  Feb.  1754.     Goddard  Gen.,  pp.  8-10;  Bond's 
Hist.   Wat.,  pp.  237,  238. 

3.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  John  Palfrey,  30  May 
1689,  and  had  Nathaniel,  b.  19  Aug.  1692,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel 
Cooper,  removed  to  Weston,  and  d.  without  issue  about  1770;  Benjamin,  b. 
26  Aug.  1696,  d.  29  Dec.  1702;  Elizabeth,  b.  20  Aug.  1699;  Martha,  b.  12  Aug. 
1702,  m.  Walter  Cooper  7  June  1  722,  and  d.  10  Ap.  1768;  Benjamin,  b.  8  Aug. 
1705,  was  a  carpenter,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Samuel  Kidder,  9  Dec.  1731,  removed 
to  Grafton,  and  d.  here,  on  a  visit  10  Dec.  1  759,  leaving  children  Josiah,  Benj., 
Nath.,  James,  Eliz.,  Sam.,  Mary,  and  Hannah;  John,  b.  18  May  1709;   Thomas, 
b.  in  Chs.  14  Aug.  1712;    William,  bap.  here  —  Aug.  1716.     BENJAMIN  the  f. 
was  a  carpenter,  and  res.  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Mt.  Auburn  and  Holyoke  streets 
until  about  1712,  when  he  rem.  to  the  estate  opposite  to  Porter's  Hotel,  which 
was  then  a  part  of  Charlestown.     His  w.  Martha  d.  26  Nov.  1737,  a.  67,  and 
he  m.  Anne  Oldhatn  (pub.  16  May  1738),  who  survived  him.     He  d.  24  Oct. 
1748,  a.  80. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (3),  in.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Edmund  Frost,  19  Feb. 
1734-5,  and  had  John,  bap.  26   Sept.    J736,  d.  young;  Martha,  bap.  6   May 

1739;  Stephen,  bap.  6  Sept.  1741  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  5  Sept.  1743,  m. Norton, 

and  d.  Dec.  1834,  a.  91;  Ruth,  bap.  10  Aug.  1746;  John,  bap.  12  Aug.  1750. 
JOHN  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer,  and  d.  12  May  1751,  a.  nearly  42;  at  the  divis- 


GODDARD  -  GOFFE.  561 

ion  of  his  estate  1767,  only  two  children,  Stephen  and  Elizabeth,  appear  to 
have  been  living.     His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  4  Ap.  1786,  a.  74. 

5.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Benjamin  (3),m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Jonathan  Gove,  3  Jan. 
1738-9,  and  had  Kezia,  bap.  25  Nov.  1739;  Hannah,  bap.  11   Ap.  1742,  in. 
Jonas  Prentice  1  Dec.  1785;  Benjamin,  bap.  12  Aug.  1744;   Thomas,  and  Na- 
thaniel,  twins,  bap.  12  July  1747.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  inherited 
the  homestead,  then  in  Chs.  now  in  Camb.      His  estate  was  divided  22  Nov. 
1768,  to  his  widow  Hannah  (who  d.  18  Mar.  1799,  a.  82),  and  chil.  Benjamin, 
Thomas,  Nathaniel,  and  Hannah. 

6.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Mary,  d.  of  Rev.  David  Goddard  of  Leices- 
ter, and  had  Mary,  b.  23  Nov.  1769,  d.  10  Oct.  1798;  John,  b.  2  May  1771, 
d.  young;  Stephen,  b.  3  Feb.  1773,  d.  25  Dec.  1774;  Sarah,  bap.  22  Jan.  1775, 
d.  unm.  26  May  1859,  in  the  almshouse,  —  a  pattern  of  patience  and  Christian 
trust;  Stephen,  bap.  18  May  1777,  m.  Charlotte  Hawes  of  Canton,  26  Nov.  1801, 
removed  to  Leicester;  David,  bap.  22  Aug.  1779,  m.  Hannah  Brown  of  Con- 
cord,  13  June   1805,  was  a  wheelwright  here,  and  a  Baptist  clergyman  at 
Wendell;  Isaac,  bap.  27  Jan.  1782,  m.  Catherine  Johnson  3  Aug.  1806,  and 
d.  in  Boston  14  Mar.  1823;  Benjamin,  bap.  4  Ap.  1784,  m.  Persis  Fullerton 
25    Sept.  1808;  Elizabeth,  b.  24  Ap    1788,  d.  young;     STEPHEN  the  f .  was  a 
wheelwright,  and  res.  on  North  Avenue,  nearly  opposite  to  'Porter's  Hotel. 
He  d.  31  Jan.  1820;  his  w.  Mary  d.  8  Oct.  1798,  a.  54. 

7.  BENJAMIN,   s.  of  Thomas  (5),  was  a  wheelwright  and  res.  nearly  op- 
posite Porter's  Hotel,  on  the  old  homestead,  at  the  easterly  corner  of  North 
Avenue  and  Beech  Street,  and  d.  unm.  July  1828,  a.  74. 

8.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (5),  m.  Hepzibah  Prentice   11   Dec.  1777,  and 
had   Thomas,  b.  11  June  1778,  d.  20  Sept.  1805;  James,  b.  27  July  1780;  John, 
b.  17  May  1783;  Daniel,  b.  11  July  1787,  d.  unm.  10  Nov.  1836;  Mary,  b.  25 
Mar.  1792,  m.  John  Kent  of  Framingham,  9  June  1816;   Charles;  Hannah,  b. 
27  Nov.  1797,  d.  3  Dec.  1799.    THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  res.  on 
the  estate  now  occupied  by  Porter's  Hotel;  he  d.  15  or  17  Mar.  1830,  a.  82; 
his  w.  Hepzibah  d.  17  Aug.  1836,  a.  82. 

9.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (5),  was  a  shoemaker  and  res.  on  the  westerly 
side  of  Beech  Street.     He  d.  s.  p.  in  Jan.  1830;  his  w.  d.  in  July  1828,  a.  75. 

10.  JAMES,  s.  of  Thomas  (8),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Frothingham, 
17  Nov.  1806,  and  had  Rebecca  Austin,  b.  12  Sept.  1807;   Thomas  Austin,  b. 
30  May  1811,  merchant  in  Boston,  d.  16  July  1868;  Matilda,  b.  21  July  1814; 
James,  b.  24  Feb.  1818,  d.  24  Mar.  1838 ;  Charles,  b.  20  Nov.  1820,  d.  young; 
JAMES  the  f.  res.  in  Boston,  and  d.  4  June  1845;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  30  Oct. 
1859,  a.  78. 

11.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (8),  m.  Eunice  Cook,  dau.  of  Henry  Dickson,  21 

Dec.  1806;  she  d. ,  and  he  m.  Anna  Peirce   18  Mar.  1824;  she  d.  Nov. 

1H36,  a.  74,  and  he  m.  Almira   Sanderson   of  Waltham,  30   An.  1837.     His 
second  wife  was   much  older  than  himself.     His  chil.,  all  by  the  first  wife, 
were  Charles  Henry,  John,  and  Hannah,  who  m.  Elhanan  W.  Russell,  18  Oct. 
1838.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  North  Ave- 
nue, near  Cedar  Street,  and  was  killed  on  the  Fitchburg  Railroad  track,  3 
Feb.  1853. 

GOKFE,  EDWARD,  embarked  with  Shepard  in  1634,  for  N.  Eng.  and  nar- 
rowly escaped  shipwreck.  The  next  year,  he  was  more  successful,  and  ar- 
rived safely,  with  his  wife  and  two  (or  three)  children.  His  w.  Joyce  d.  in 

Nov.  1638,  and  he  m.  Margaret .     His  chil.  were  Samuel,  b.  in  England 

about  1630  ;  Lydia,  b.  in  England  about  1632,  m.  John  Sprague  of  Maiden,  2 
May  1651  ;  Nathaniel,  b.  Feb.  1637-8,  d.  23  Aug.  1645;  Deborah,  b.  15  Dec. 
1639,  d.  21  Nov.  1660  Hannah,  b.  23  Mar.  1643-4,  m.  John  Moore  of  Windsor, 
Conn.,  21  Sept.  1664;  Abiah,  b.  1  Ap.  1646,  m.  Henry  Woolcott,  of  Windsor, 
Conn.,  12  Oct.  1664.  A  dau.  Mary  d.  23  Ap.  1646.  EDWARD  the  f.  d.  26 
Dec.  1658;  his  w.  Margaret  m.  John  Witchfield,  of  Windsor,  Conn.,  in  Dec. 
1662,  and  d.  in  Cambridge,  "about  the  end  of  the  4th  mo.  1669."  She  was 
sister  to  Jane,  the  first  wife  of  Edward  Winship,  as  appears  by  her  will;  but 
their  name  before  marriage  is  not  known.  Mr.  Goffe  was  a  prominent  citizen, 
36 


562          GOFFE  —  GOODMAN  —  GOODWIN. 

Selectman  sixteen  years,  between  1636  and  1655;  Treasurer  of  Middlesex 
Co.  1657-8  ;  Commissioner  (or  Magistrate)  to  settle  controversies  for  a  loss 
amount  than  forty  shillings,  seven  years,  between  1648  and  1658;  Representa- 
tive, 1646,  1650.  He  was  a  large  landholder,  and  one  of  the  most  wealthy  men 
in  the  town.  His  homestead  contained  thirty-two  acres,  bounded  southerly  on 
the  old  road  into  the  neck,  easterly  on  land  of  Joseph  Cooke  (near  the  present 
Ellery  Street) ;  northerly  on  the  Danforth  estate ;  and  westerly  on  the  par- 
sonage. His  dwelling-house  stood  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  his  farm,  very  near 
the  junction  of  Main  and  Harvard  streets.  Vestiges  of  the  old  garden,  ex- 
tending into  Beck's  Park,  were  visible  within  the  memory  of  some  now  liv- 
ing. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Hannah  Barnard,  of  Watertown,    25 
June  1656  ;  she  d.  Ap.  1679,  and  he  in.  Mary,  wid.  of  Thomas  Saxton,  9  Nov. 
1682.     His  children  were,  Hannah,  b.  12  May  1657  ;  Edicard,  b.  28  Nov.  1658; 
Deborah,  b.   22  Jan.    1660-1,   d.  27   Dec.   1690;  Samuel,  b.    1    Jan.   1662-3; 
Lydia,  b.  7  Jan.  1664-5,  m.  Rev.  Thomas  Barnard  of  Andover,  20  July  1704, 
and  d.  abt.  1743  ;  John,  b.  11  Nov.  1666;  Elizabeth,  b.  6  Oct.  1668,  d.  15  Jan. 
1690-91 ;  Edmund,  b.  about  1670;  Nathaniel,  b.  9  Ap.  1675  ;  Joseph,  b.  23  May 
1677.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d.  15  Jan. 
1705-6,  a.   75.     In  younger  life,  Mr.  Goffe  had  been  adopted  by  Rev.  Ed- 
mund Brown  of  Sudbury,  as  a  son  and  heir. 

3.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Biscoe  of  Watertown, 
and  had   Mary,  b.  11  May  1687,   m.  Thomas  Trowbridge  of  Newton,   and 
became  the  mother  of  Judge  Edmund  Trowbridge,  and  of  Lydia  the  wife  of 
Richard  Dana,  Esq.,  and  grandmother  of  Chief  Justice  Francis  Dana.     ED- 
WARD the  f.  was  a  tanner,  aud  d.  here  before  20  Ap.  1691,  Avhen  administra- 
tion on  his  estate  was  granted  to  his  w.  Mary.     See  THOMAS  TROWBIUDGK. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  a  shoemaker,  appears  to  have  d.  here  in 
Feb.  1699-1700,  prob.  s.  p. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  prob.  the  soldier  of  that  name  at  Piscataqua, 
who  had  leave  from  the  General  Court,  4  Nov.  1690,  to  return  home.     He  d. 
before  1706,  as  Edmund,  when  appointed  administrator  on  the  estate  of  their 
father,  Samuel,  is  styled  "  the  only  surviving  son." 

6.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  was  the  principal  heir  to  his  father's  estate, 
and  res.  on  the  homestead.     He  grad.  H.  C.  1690,  and  is  said  to  have  been  a 
lawyer;  but  his  time  was  chiefly  devoted  to  public  affairs.     He  was  sheriff  of 
Middlesex    1715-17;    Selectman   of    Cambridge    1717,    1718,    Representative 
1716,  1721,  and  often  rendered  service  on  important  committees.     As  early  as 
1710  he  was  Lieut.-colonel  in  the  expedition  against  Port  Royal;    and  was 
commissioned  Colonel  of  Troopers  in  1724,  in  which  office  he  was  actively  em- 
ployed against  the  Indians.    About  1697  he  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Simon  Lynde 
of  Boston,   who  had  previously  been  the  w.  of  John  Bigg  of  Bos.  and  of 
Jonathan  Mitchell  of  Camb.;  she  d.  and  he  m.  24  July  1728,  Mary  dau.  of 
John  Legg  of  Marblehead,  who  had  been  the   w.  of  Cant.  Edward  Brattle 
and  of  Col.  Nathaniel  Norden,  both  of  Marblehead.     Col.  Goffe  d.  s.  p.  16 
Oct.   1 740.     It   is  worthy  of  note   that   in   1 725   Col.    Goffe  was   appointed 
guardian  to  Edmund  Trowbridge  (grandson  of  his   brother  Edward),  then  a 
minor,  afterwards  a  famous  Judge.    Jn  1740,  Judge  Trowbridge  was  appointed 
guardian  to  Col.  Goffe,  who  had  become  incapable  of  managing  his  affairs. 
Thus  they  alternately  had  guardianship  of  each  other,  —  a  case  of  rare  occur- 
rence, if  it  has  a  parallel. 

GOODMAN,  RICHARD,  was  here  in  1633,  freeman  1634,  but  soon  rem.  to 
Hartford,  where  he  "was  townsman  in  1641  and  in  1646 ;  surveyor  of  common 
lands  and  fences  in  1647;  fence-viewer  in  1649;  member  of  the  civil  court  in 
1637;  juror  in  1643  and  1645;  and  held  other  offices.  He  was  a  valuable 
citizen."  (Hinman.)  A  Deacon  of  the  same  name,  probably  the  same  person, 
was  slain  by  the  Indians,  at  Hadley,  1676. 

GOODWIN,  WILLIAM,  was  here  in  1632,  and  res.  at  the  easterly  corner  of 
Harvard  and  Holyoke  streets.  He  rem.  to  Hartford  with  Hooker,  in  whose 
church  he  was  a  ruling  elder,  and  was  a  prominent  person  both  in  Church  and 


GOODWIN— GOOKIN.  563 

State.  During  the  unpleasant  dissension  in  the  Hartford  Church,  after 
Hooker's  death,  he  rem.  to  Hadley;  but  he  subsequently  returned  to  Connect- 
icut, and  d.  at  Farmington,  1673.  leaving  a  large  estate  to  his  only  child,  a 
daughter,  who  m.  John  Crowe.  See  Hinman. 

GOOKIN,  DANIEL,  is  said  to  have  emigrated,  with  his  father,  from  the 
County  of  Kent  to  Virginia  in  1621.  He  is  supposed  to  have  arrived  in  Bos- 
ton 1<>44,  in  which  year  he  was  admitted  freeman.  He  resided  for  a  short 
time  in  Boston  and  Roxbury,  but  rem.  to  Camb.  about  1647,  and  here  dwelt 
during  the  remainder  of  his  life.  By  his  wife  Mary,1  he  had  Mary,  b.  prob. 
in  Virginia,  in.  Edmund  Batter  of  Salem  8  June  1670,  and  was  living  in 
1685;  Eliznbelh,  b.  at  Rox.  14  Mar.  1644-5,  m.  Rev.  John  Eliot,  Jr.,  23  May 
1666;  he  d.  1668,  and  she  m.  Edmund  Quincy  of  Braintree  1680,  and  d. 
there  30  Nov.  1700;  she  was  mother  of  Edmund  Quincy,  Esq.,  who  d.  in 
London  1738,  and  the  ancestor  of  many  distinguished  persons  of  that  name; 
Hannah,  bap.  at  Rox.  9  May  1647,  d.  there  and  was  buried  2  Aug.  1647;  and 
in  Camb.,  Daniel,  b.  8  Ap.  1649,  d.  3  Sept.  1649;  Daniel,  b.  12  Julv  1650; 
Samuel,  b.  22  Ap.  1652;  Solomon,  b.  20  June  and  d.  16  July  1654;  Nathaniel, 
b.  22  Oct.  1656.  His  w.  Mary  d.  after  4  Oct.  1681,  and  he  m.  Hannah,  wid. 
of  Habijah  Savage  of  Boston,  and  dau.  of  Edward  Tyng,  who  survived  him, 
and  d.  28  or  29  Oct.  1689,  a.  48.  Gen.  Gookin,  for  about  forty  years,  was  one 
of  the  most  active  citizens  of  Camb.  He  was  Licenser  of  the  Printing-press, 
1663;  Selectman,  from  1660  to  1672;  Representative  1649,  1651,  in  which 
last  year  he  was  Speaker  of  the  House;  an  Assistant  from  1652  to  1686  ex- 
cepting 1676,  in  which  the  prejudice  against  the  Praying  Indians,  whom  he  be- 
friended, prevented  his  election.  He  was  elected  Captain  of  the  Cambridge 
band,  or  military  company,  before  1652,  and  was  described  by  Johnson  as  a 
"  Kentish  souldier,"  "  a  very  forward  man  to  advance  martial  discipline,  and 
withal  the  truths  of  Christ."  He  became  Major  of  the  Middlesex  Regiment 
in  1676,  and  was  very  active  in  raising  and  furnishing  troops  in  Philip's  War. 
In  1681  he  was  appointed  Major-general  of  all  the  military  force  of  the  Colony, 
and  was  the  last  who  held  that  office  under  the  old  charter.  He  was  trusted 
by  Oliver  Cromwell  as  a  confidential  agent,  and  was  selected  by  him  to  assist 
in  executing  his  favorite  project  of  transplanting  a  colony  from  New  England 
to  Jamaica.  He  visited  England  twice,  partly  at  least  on  public  service.  On 
his  last  return  to  this  country,  the  two  regicides,  Goffe  and  Whalley,  were  his 
fellow  passengers,  and  accompanied  him  to  Camb.  He  was  therefore  de- 
nounced by  Randolph  as  their  friend  and  protector,  and  as  the  custodian  of 
their  scanty  funds.  In  the  troublesome  contest  which  commenced  soon 
afterwards,  upon  the  restoration  of  Charles  II.,  Major  Gookin  was  among  the 
foremost  defenders  of  the  chartered  rights  of  the  colonists.  Side  by  side  with 
Thomas  Danforth,  he  steadfastly  resisted  the  encroachments  of  arbitrary 
power.  If  Danforth  was  the  acknowledged  leader  of  the  party,  Gookin  was 
one  of  his  most  active  and  reliable  associates.  He  was  as  resolute  in  the 
maintenance  of  religious,  as  of  civil  privileges,  and  when  the  Quakers  dis- 
turbed the  peace  of  the  Church,  he  was  among  the  sternest  of  their  judges.8 

1  J.  Wingate  Thornton,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  bridge,  and  take  bond  of  him  to  the  value  of 
one  of  the  posterity  of  Gen.  Gookin,  com-  twenty   pounds,   with    sufficient    surety  or 
municates  this  note:  " Col.  Chester  of  Lon-  sureties    for    his    appearance    at    the   next 
don  writes  that,  11  Nov.  1639,  the  Bishop  County  Court  holden  at  Charlestown  the  19 
of   London  granted  a  marriage-license   for  day  oi  December  next,  then  and  there  to 
Daniel   Gookin,   of    St.    Sepulchre    Parish,  answer  the   complaint  of   Caleb  Grant    of 
London,  gentleman,  widower,  aged  27,  and  Watertown,  in  an  action  of  defamation,  for 
Mary  Dolling,  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  charging  of  him  for  stealing  of  his  horse, 
London,  spinster,   aged  21,  whose   parents  and  for  pulling  of  him  by  the  hair  and  neck- 
were  dead."  cloth,  and  punching  of  him  with  hi*  staff, 

2  Once  in  his  life  he  was  summoned  before  and  all  this   in  the   King's  highway,   and 
the  tribunal  as  a  transgressor.     I  copv  from  shaking  of  his  staff  over  his  head,  and  say- 
the  Files  of   the   County  Court:    "'fo  the  ing.  Sirrah,  get  you  out  of  the   highway, 
Constable   of   Cambridge,   or    his    Deputy,  and  coming  back  again  several  rods  to  the 
You  are  hereby  required  in   his  Majesty"'*  said  Caleb  Grant,   with  many  threatening 
name  to  attach  the  goods,  or  in  want  thereof  words,  saying,  I  have  had  better  men  than 
the  person  of  Major  Daniel  Gookin,  of  Cam-  you  or  your  father  to  wipe  my  shoes;  and 


564  GOOKIN. 

He  took  a  deep  interest  in  the  conversion  of  the  Indians,  and  rendered  valu- 
able assistance  to  Eliot,  in  his  apostolical  labors.  Under  the  authority  of  the 
General  Court,  he  acted  for  many  years  as  general  superintendent  of  Indian 
affairs,  visiting  their  villages,  holding  courts  among  them,  appointing  officers, 
and  generally  making  provision  for  their  welfare.  Gen.  Gookin  probably  res. 
several  years  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  between  Harvard  and 
Mount  Auburn  streets.  But  he  afterwards  established  himself  on  what  is  gen- 
erally styled  the  Winthrop  Estate,  on  the  southerly  side  of  Arrow  Street, 
near  the  easterly  angle  of  Bow  Street.  Here  he  closed  his  long  and  useful 
life  19  Mar.  1686-7,  a.  75  years. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (1),   m.   Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Edmund  Quincy  of 
Braintree,  in  1681;  she  d.  2  Jan.  1690-91,  and  he  m.  Bethia  Collicutt  21  July 
1692.     His  children  were  Daniel,  b.  7  July  1683;  Mary,  b.   16  Oct.  1685,  m. 
Thomas  Paine  of   Newcastle  23  Jan.    1706-7;    Edmund,   b.  31   Mar.    1688; 
Elizabeth,  b.  20    May  1690,   m.  Isaac    Hinkley  of  Barnstable   6  June  1712; 
Bethia,  b.  7  Oct.  1693,  d.  1  Mar.  1694-5;  Nathaniel,  b.  5  June  1695,  d.  9  Aug. 
1695;  Richard,  b.  12  July  1696.     DANIEL  the  f.  grad.  H.   C.   1669,  was  or- 
dained at  Sherburne  26  Mar.  1685,  where  he  d.  8  Jan.  1717-18.     "  He  was 
eldest  son  of  the  honorable  Daniel  Gookin,  Esq.;  a  good  scholar  and  solid  di- 
vine; was  many  years   Fellow  of   Harvard   College  and  a  Tutor.     From  his 
ordination  he  continued  our  minister  about  34  years,  being  diligent  in  his 
study,  tender  of  his  flock,  and  exemplary  in  his  life.     The  vicinity  of  Natick 
gave  him  the  opportunity  of  preaching  lectures  to  the  Indians  there.     And  al- 
though by  great  pain  and  indisposition   of  body  he  was  taken  off  from  his 
work  for  some  considerable  time,  he  died   lamented."     Boston  News  Letter, 
Jan.  20,  1717-18. 

3.  SAMUEL,   s.  of  Daniel   (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  26  Aug.  1679, 
m.  Dr.  Samuel  Gedney  of  Salem,  2  May  1701,  and  Rev.  Theophilus   Cotton 

of  Hampton  16  Aug.  1711;  he  d.  18  Aug.  1726,  and  she  m. Newmarch; 

Elizabeth,  b.  11  Nov.  1681,  m.  Rev.  Daniel  Greenleaf  of  Portsmouth  18  Nov. 
1701    (of   Yarmouth   in   1723);  Samuel,  b.   14   Aug.  1683;  Nathaniel,  b.   16 
Feb.  1685-6,  d.  young;  Daniel.     His  w.  Mary  d.  after  29  Ap.  1707,  and   he 
m.  Mrs.  Hannah  Biscoe  of  Watertown    (wid.  of  Thomas   Biscoe)    28    Sept. 
1708.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  about  one 
hundred  feet  southerly  from  Harvard  Street,  where  he  d.  16  Sept.  1730,  a.  78. 
He  inherited  his  father's  military  spirit,  and  was  a  Captain  as  early  as  1692, 
when  he  was  commissioned   to   settle  difficulties  existing  at  Little  Compton. 
He  was  active  also  in   raising  troops  for  the  expedition  to  Canada  in   1711. 
Captain  Gookin  seems  to  have  been  more  moderate  than  his  father  in  opposi- 
tion to  arbitrary  power;   as  in  May  1687  he  was  appointed  Sheriff  of  Middle- 
sex by  the  Andros  Administration.     At  the  Revolution,  John  Green  was  rein- 
stated Marshal-general,  and  Gookin  probably  went  out  of  office.     Green  died 
3  Mar.  1690-91,  and  two  days  afterwards  Gookin  was  appointed  Marshal-gen- 
eral, —  equivalent  to  High  Sheriff  of  the  Colony.     After  the  form  of  govern- 
ment was  changed  by  the  new  charter,  this  office  was  abolished,  and  High 
Sheriffs   were    appointed   in  each   county.     Gookin   held   this   office    for    a 
time  in  Suffolk,  and  was  afterwards   appointed,  1702,  to  the  same  office  in 
Middlesex,  which  he  held  (except  from  Dec.  1715  to  July  1717)  until  27  July 
1 729. 

4.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1675,  and  after  assisting  Pres. 
Oakes  in  the  ministry  a  few  years,  was  ordained  minister  of  the  First  Church 

for  all  due  damages.  Hereof  you  are  to  staff  over  the  head  of  Caleb  Grant,  and  lay 
make  a  true  return  under  your  hand.  Dated  his  hand  on  his  shoulder,  but  I  saw  no  blow 
this  27th  of  November,  1676.  By  the  Court,  given,  nor  heard  any  further.  Major  GOO- 
SAMUEL  GKEEN."  At  the  trial,  "John  kin  doth  confess  this  testimony,  he  being 
Johnson,  aged  about  39  years,  doth  say  that  greatly  abused.  19.  10.  76.  T.  D.  R."  An- 
sometime  in  November  last,  near  to  Mr.  other  witness  testified  that  he  heard  the  ob- 
Danforth's  house,  he  saw  Major  Gookin,  jectionable  words.  The  jury  rendered  this 
with  sundry  others,  among  whom  was  Caleb  verdict:  "  In  the  case  between  Caleb  Grant, 
Grant  and  some  of  his  brethren,  and  at  a  plaintive,  and  Major  Gookin,  defendant,  we 
distance  I  saw  Major  Gookin  hold  up  his  tind  (or  the  defendant  cost  of  court." 


GOOKIN.  565 

in  Cambridge,  15  Nov.  1682.  Judge  Sewall  noticed  the  ordination  thus  : 
"Mr.  Sherman  ordains  Mr.  Nath.  Gookin  Pastor  of  Camb.  Church.  Mr. 
Eliot  gives  the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  first  reading  the  Scripture  that  war- 
rants it.  Mr.  Sherman,  Eliot,  and  Mather  laid  on  hands.  Then  Mr.  Gookin 
ordained  Deac.  Stone  and  Mr.  Clark  Ruling  Elders.  The  presence  of  God 
seemed  to  be  with  his  people.  Mr.  Jona.  Danforth,  the  Deputy  Governor's 
only  son,  lay  by  the  wall,  having  departed  on  Monday  morning,  (13th)  of  a 
consumption."  Mr.  Gookin  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Habijah  Savage  (whose 
wid.  Hannah  was  the  last  w.  of  Gen.  Gookin),  and  had  Nathaniel,  b.  15  Ap. 
1687,  grad.  H.  C.  1703,  minister  at  Hampton,  N.  H.,  and  d.  25  Aug.  1734; 
(leaving  son  Nathaniel,  grad.  II.  C.  1731,  ordained  at  North  Hampton,  N.  H., 
31  Oct.  1739,  and  d.  22  Oct.  1766,  a.  53;)  Habijah,  b.  23  Jan.  1689-90,  d.  1 
Aug.  1690;  Hannah,  b.  about  1692,  m.  Vincent  Carter  of  Charlestown. 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  cut  off  in  the  midst  of  his  usefulness  7  Aug.  1692,  at 
the  early  age  of  36.  His  w.  Hannah  d.  14  May  1702,  a.  34.  The  affection 
and  esteem  cherished  by  the  Church  and  town  towards  her,  are  manifested 
by  their  frequent  donations  while  she  lived,  and  by  assuming  the  direction 
and  charge  of  her  funeral,  as  they  had  previously  defrayed  the  expense  of  her 
husband's  burial. 

5.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Daniel  (2),  was  a  joiner  and  owned  the  homestead  in 
Sherburne,    1718,   which  he   sold   to  his  brother  Richard  4    Sept.  1722.     He 
m.   Sarah  Thompson  of  Boston   27  Oct.  1715,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  23  Nov. 
1716;  Mary,  b.  1   Mar.   1718;  Daniel,  b.  11   Mar.  1720,  d.  12  May  1720. 

6.  RICHARD,   s.    of  Daniel   (2),   was  a  husbandman  for  a  short  time  in 
Chelmsford,   but   afterwards  bought  the  homestead  in    Sherburne   and  was 
there  an  innholder;  this  estate  he   sold  29  July  1729,  and  rem.  to  Dedham. 
He  m.  Margaret  Morse  19  Feb.  1716-17,  and  had  at  Sherburne  Bethia,  b.  14 
Jan.  1717-18,  d.  unm.  at  Dedham   14  Ap.  1768;  Hannah,  b.  22  Dec.  1722,  d. 
11  Sept.  1723;  Daniel,  b.  13  Jan.  1725-6,  d.  13  Nov.  1729;  Richard  (twin), 
b.  13  Jan.  1725-6,  d.  15  Jan.  1725-6;  also  at  Dedham,  Mary,  b.  8  May  1729, 
d.  28   Sept.   1734;  Margaret,   b.  15  Feb.   1733-4,  m.  William   Smith  3   May 
1753;  Daniel,  b.  23   Mar.   1735-6;   Edmund,  b.   8  May  1738;  Hannah,  b.  20 
Aug.  1740,  d.  22  Aug.  1740;  Samuel,  b.  29  May  1743.     RICHARD  the  f.  d. 
23  Feb.  1754;  his  w.   Margaret  d.  about  1771,  and  her  son  Daniel  was  ap- 
pointed administrator  5  Ap.  1771. 

7.  SAMUEL,  s.   of   Samuel  (3),  inherited  the  homestead  and  the   military 
spirit  of  his  father.     He  served  as  a  Lieutenant  in  the  expedition  against  Port 
Royal,  1710, and  was  afterwards  a  Captain,  by  which  appellation  he  was  gen- 
erally known.     He  was  appointed  Deputy  Sheriff  by  his  father  in  1702,  when 
he  was  only  nineteen  years  old;  which  office  he  held  for  sixty-four  years,  a 
longer  term  than  I  have  elsewhere  noticed.    He  was  also  appointed  Crier  of  the 
Courts   in   1742,  and  remained  in  this  office  until  2  Dec.  1766;  on  which  day 
is  the  last  record  of  his  appearance  as  Deputy  Sheriff  and  Crier.     Towards 
the   close  of  life,  his  financial  affairs   appear  to  have  become  embarrassed. 
Having  disposed  of  sundry  other  lots  of  land,  he  sold  the  homestead  in  1754, 
reserving  a  life-estate  therein  to  himself  and  his  wife.     His  life-estate  he  sold 
to  Rev.  East  Apthorp,  in   1760,  and   purchased  a  house  and  lands  at  the  N. 
W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  South  streets,  for  the  use  of  himself  and  wife  dur- 
ing their  lives,  and  then  to  descend  one  half  to  their  daughter  Mary,  and  one 
quarter  each  to  Benjamin   and   Priscilla  Hill,  children  of  Mrs.  Gookin  by  a 
former  husband.     He  was  twice  married,  (1)  to  Susanna,  dau.  of  Capt.  Josiah 
Parker,  28  Feb.  1711-12,  by  whom  he  does  not  appear  to  have  had  any  chil- 
dren; (2d)  to  Priscilla,  wid.  of  Joseph  Hill,  and  dau.  of  Daniel  Dana,  15  May 
1740,  by  whom   he  had   Daniel,  b.  28   Mar.  1741;  Mary,  bap.  24  Oct.  1742, 
m.  James  Kettle  1  Dec.  1763;  he  d.  and  she  m.  Joseph  Jeffries  before  1790, 
and  d.  in  Boston  2  or  3  Aug.  1825,  a.  83,  leaving  children.     In  recording  her 
death   Dr.  Holmes  adds  the  remark,  "  she  was  the  last  of  the  Gookin  family 
in  Cambridge."     It  is  said  by  those  who  remember  her,  that  although  she 
possessed  but  a  small  estate,  in  her  personal  deportment  she  fully  maintained 
the  ancient  dignity  of  her  family.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  prob.  1767,  a.  about  84; 


566  GOOKIN  —  GOULD  —  GOVE. 

his  w.  Priscilla  d.  prob.  —  April  1 785,  at  which  date  is  recorded  the  death  of 
"  widow  Gookin,  an  aged  woman." 

8.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Samuel   (3),  was  also  a  Captain,  and  much  engaged  in 
public  affairs.     He  m.  Sarah  Biscoe  (wid.  of  John  Biscoe)  9  July  1716,  and 
had  in  Camb.  Sarah,  bap.  11  May  1718,  d.  young;  Mary,  bap.  24  Ap.  1720; 
Sarah,  bap.  21   Oct.  1722;  Samuel,  bap.  31  Jan.  1724-5.     He  prob.  was  the 
same  who  rem.  to  Worcester,  and  was   the  first  High   Sheriff  of  Worcester 
County,  from  1731  until  his  death  in  1743.    Wor.  Mag.,  ii.  206. 

9.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Richard  (6).  m.  Hannah  Child  24  Dec.  1761;  she  d.  7  May 
1769,  and  he  m.  Susanna  Whiting   12   Dec.  1771.     His  chil.  born  in  Dedhani, 
were  Margaret,  b.  21  Nov.  1762;  Lydia,  b.  7  Mar.  1765;  Hannah,  b.  23  Ap. 
1 769  ;  and  perhaps  other. 

10.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Richard  (6),  res.  in  Roxbury,  m.  a  dau.  of  Seth  Tucker, 
and  d.  10  July  1810.     He  is  said  to  have  had   three  sons,   Edmund,  Squire, 
and  Daniel,  and  four  daughters,  one  of  whom,  Hannah,  was  under  14  years 
of  age  in  1 765. 

11.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard  (6),  is  called  a  surgeon  in  1768.     He  res.  in 
Dedham,  m.  Rebecca  Swan  1  Dec.  1768,  and  had  Richard,  b.  6  Oct.  1769,  set- 
tled in  Haverhill,  N.  H.;   William,  b.  1784,  settled  in  Rutland,  Vt.,  and  per- 
haps others. 

12.  SAMUEL,  the  reputed  s.  of  Samuel  (7)  by  Bethia  Grover  of  Water- 
town,  b.  1739,  was  placed  under  guardianship  of  Samuel  Stratton  31   Mar. 
1755,  being  then  sixteen  years  old.     He  m.  Mary  Mullett  21  Dec.  1761  (being 
styled  Samuel  Gookin,  Jr.),  and  had  Mart/,  bap.    3  Oct.  1762,  and  others. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  rem.  to  Suffield,  Conn.,  and  thence  to  Rupert,  Vt. ,  where  he 
d.  2  April  1812. 

13.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Edmund  (10),  res.  in  Brighton,  and  m.  Sarah  Learned 
18  Oct.  1791,  by  whom  he  had  William  Boyes,  bap.  Ap.  1792,   entered  the 
Army,  and  is  supposed  to  have  died  in  the  service;  Sarah,  bap.  14  Ap.  1793; 

Charlotte,  bap.  14  Aug.  1796;   Samuel  Learned,  b. ,  established  himself  in 

business  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  d.  at  Florence,  Ala.;  and  perhaps  others. 
EDMUND  the  f.  d.  at  Claremont,  N. H.,  about  1843. 

14.  SQUIRE,  s.  of  Edmund  (10),  res.  in  Brighton,  and  m.  Phebe,  dau.  of 
Deac.  Thomas  Thwing,  20  Sept.  1792,  by  whom  he  had  Thomas  Thwing,  bap. 

6  Jan.  1793,  d.  in  Watertown   1  May  1842,  leaving  George  Dana,  m.  Ann  A. 
Plummer;  Abijah  Brown,  m.  Sarah  F.  Munroe ;   and  others;  Phebe,  bap.  24 
July  1794.   d.  unm.   23  Feb.  1860;  Samuel,  bap.  19  Aug.  1798,  d.  15  Oct. 
1842;  Edmund  Parker,  bap.   1  Nov.  1801,  d.  21  June  1839;  George,  hap.  24 
Mar.  1805,  d.  unm.  6   Aug.  1856;  Elizabeth  Barker,  bap.  11  Sept.  1808,  died 
young;   Charles,  b.  3  July  1811.  a  merchant  in  Florence,  Ala.,  where  he   m. 
Sarah  M.  Brocchus  3  Sept.  1838,  and  had  five  sons.     SQUIRE  the  f.  rem.  to 
Camb.,  and  d.  18  June  1833,  a.  62.     His  w.  Phebe  d.  22  Dec.  1855,  a.  81. 

15.  DANIEL  s.  of  Edmund  (10),  rem.   to  New  Hampshire,  and  d.  about 
1849,  leaving  son  Daniel,  and  four  daughters. 

GOULD,  THOMAS,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Jacob,  b.  16  Sept.  1643. 

GOVE,  JOHN,  perhaps  brother  to  Edward  of  Hampton,  N.  H.,  was  a  turner, 
and  was  here  as  early  as  1657,  when  he  bought  an  estate  on  the  easterly  side 
of  Brighton  Street,  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount  Auburn  Street,  where 
he  res.  through  life.  He  m.  Mary  Aspinwall  6  Oct  1658  ;  she  d.  14  Nov.  1676, 
and  he  m.  Mary  Woodhead  15  Mar.  1676-7;  she  d.  11  Sept.  1700,  a.  56,  and 
he  m.  Elizabeth  Waldin  2  Dec.  1700,  who  had  previously  been  the  wid.  of 
Batson.  His  children  were  Mary,  b.  14  Sept.  1659,  m.  Henry  Prentice 

7  Ap.  1682;  John,  bap.  3  Mar.  1660-61,  d.  28  Ap.  1679;  Aspinwall,  b.  2  and 
d.  11  Oct.  1661;  Nathaniel,  bap.  16  Nov.  1662,  living  in  1704;  James,  bap.  13 
Dec.  1663;  a  child  (name  worn  off)  bap.  4  Aug.  1667;  Jonathan,  b.  19  Jan. 
1677-8,  d.  11  Oct.  1681;  John,  b.  about  1680,  d.   16  Jan.  1681-2;  Jonathan, 
b.  3  May  1682;  Sarah,  b.  28  Aug   1686,  living  in   1704.     JOHN  the  f.  d.    24 
Nov.  1704,  a.  77.     His  w.  Elizabeth  was  living  in  1717. 

2.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Cooper,  26 
Dec.  1706,  and  had  John,  b.  2  Nov.  1707  ;  Mary,  b.  3  Mar.  1709-10,  m.  John 


GOVE  — GREEN.  567 

Walker  28  Oct.  1731  ;  Lydia,  b.  22  Aug.  1712,  m.  Jonathan  Wellington  of 
Weston  Jan.  1730-31  ;  Kezia,  b.  17  Ap.  1715,  m.  Deae.  Joseph  Loring  of  Lex., 
pub.  2  Nov.  1735;  Hannah,  b.  27  Feb.  1717-18,  m.  Thomas  Goddard  3  Jan. 
1738-9;  Sarah,  b.  Dec.  1720,  d.  21  Jan.  1720-21;  Jonathan,  b.  and  d.  16  Feb. 
1721-2;  Jonathan,  b.  and  d.  23  Oct.  1723;  all,  except  the  last  three,  living 
in  1742,  at  the  date  of  their  father's  will.  His  w.  Lydia  d.  at  Weston  18  Ap. 

1 740,  and  he  m.  Hannah ,  who  survived  him.    JONATHAN  the  f.  was  a 

husbandman,  and  inherited  the  homestead,  which  he  sold  in  1706,  and  subse- 
quently owned  and  probably  occupied  a  lot  of  two  acres  on  the  S.  W.  side  of 
North  Avenue,  at  its  angle  between  the  Railroad  Bridge  and  Porter's  Hotel. 
This  estate  he  sold  in  1729,  and  rem.  probably  about  that  time  to  Weston, 
where  he  d.  22  Dec.  1747.  His  will,  dated  16  July  1742,  was  offered  for  pro- 
bate 15  Feb.  1747,  but  disallowed;  his  son  John  administered. 

GKEKN,  BARTHOLOMEW,  was  here  in  1634,  and  had  a  house  in  the  West 
Field,  not  far  from  the  Botanic  Garden,  but  prob.  rem.  to  the  S.  W.  corner  of 
Brattle  and  Ash  streets,  where  his  widow  resided  in  1638.  By  his  w.  Eliza- 
beth, he  had  Samuel;  Nathaniel;  Sarah,  m.  Thomas  Longhorn  about  1646; 
Phebe,  m.  William  Healy  15  Aug.  1661;  all  prob.  born  in  England.  BAR- 
THOLOMEW the  f.  d.  about  1638;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  28  Oct.  1677,  a.  88, 
after  a  widowhood  of  about  forty  years. 

2.  PERCIVAL,  perhaps  a  brother  to  Bartholomew  (1),  came  here  in   1635, 
in  the  Susan  and  Ellen,  then  aged  32.  and  resided  on  Holmes  Place  about  mid- 
way between  its  eastern  angle  and  North  Avenue.     By  his  w.  Ellen,  he  had 
John,b.  —  June  1636;  Elizabeth,^.  —  Ap.  1639.  m.  John  Hall  of  Concord  4  Ap. 
1656,  but  subsequently  res.  here  and  d.  at  Medf.  14  Feb.  1713-14;  PERCIVAL 
the  f.  d.  25  Dec.  1639',  a.  36;  his  w.  Ellen  m.  Thomas  Fox  about  16oO,  and  d. 
27  May  1682,  a.  82. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Bartholomew  (1),  m.  Jane,  dau.  of  Guy  Banbridge;  she 
d.  16  Nov.  1657,  and  he  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Elder  Jonas  Clark,  23  Feb.  1662-3. 
His  children  were  Elizabeth,  b.  16  Feb.  1640-41;  Sarah,  b.  7  Oct.  1642;  Lydia, 
b.  23  Mar.  1644-5,  d.  young;  Lydia,  b.  13  Ap.  1646,  d.  young;  Samuel,  b.  6  Mar. 
1647-8;  Joseph,  b.  7  Nov.  1649;  Lydia,  b.  about  1651,  d.  24  Sept.  16C5  ;  Debo- 
rah, b.  19  Mar.  1655-6;  Jonas,  b.  29  Jan.  1663-4;  Lydia,  b.  3  Nov.  1665;  Bar- 
tholomew, b.  26    Oct.   1667;  Mary,  b.  6  Nov.  1669;  Dorcas,  b.  6  Sept.  1671; 
Timothy;  and  perhaps  five  more  not  recorded.    Mr.  Green  is  principally  cele- 
brated as  a  printer,  the  conductor  of  the  Cambridge  printing-office  about  half 
a  century,  and  the  ancestor  of  a  very  numerous  race  of  printers.     Upon  some 
dissatisfaction  with  Daye,  who  was  the  first  to  commence  printing  in  New  Eng- 
land, Green  was  appointed  to  take  charge  of  the  press,  about  1649.     Whether 
he  had  previously  become  acquainted  with  the  business,  under  the  direction  of 
Daye,  does  not  appear.     But  from  this  time  forward,  he  devoted  himself  to  this 
work.     Thomas  (Hist.  Printing)  gives  a  catalogue  of  books  published  under 
Green's  superintendence;  among  which  were  the  Indian  New  Testament,  1661, 
the  Indian  Bible,  1663,  and  a  second  edition  of  the  same,  six  years  in  press, 
completed  in  1685.     Notwithstanding  his  employment,  as  sole  master-printer  in 
New  England,  Mr.  Green  found  some  leisure  for  civil  and  military  duties.     He 
was  Town  Clerk,  1694-1697,  and  Clerk  of  the  Writs,  from  1652  until  a  late 
period  if  not  to  the  end  of  life.     He  had  a  passion  for  military  exercises.    Pro- 
motion was  not  as  rapid  then  as  now;  and  a  practice  then  prevailed,  and  con- 
tinued, I  believe,  until  the  Revolution,  for  a  Captain  to  retain  the  command  of 
his  company,  however  highly  promoted,  so  long  as  he  remained  in  office;  thus 
Gookin,  a  Captain  about  1647,  continued  to  be  Captain  of  his  company  while 
he  was  Sergeant-major,  and  Major-general,  the  immediate  command  being  ex- 
ercised by  a  Lieutenant;  hence  Green  remained  long  in  a  subordinate  office 
before  he  could  attain  high  rank.    He  served  as  Sergeant  in  the  expedition 
against  Gorton  Sept.  1643,  and  had  probably  held  the  same  office  previously; 
he  was  appointed  Ensign  in  1660;  was  Lieutenant  in  1686  ;  and  was  commis- 
sioned Captain  in  1689,  when  seventy-five  years  old,  which  station  ho  seems  to 
have  held  until  death.     See  page  402.     In  an  obituary  notice  of  his  son  Bar- 
tholomew, published  in  the  News  Letter,  4  Jan.  1733,  it  is  stated  that  "  Capt. 


568  GREEN. 

Samuel  Green,. the  famous  printer  of  Cambridge  ....  arrived  with  Gov.  Win- 
throp  in  1630;  he  came  in  the  same  ship  with  the  Hon.  Thomas  Dudley,  Esq., 
and  used  to  tell  his  children  that  upon  their  first  coming  ashore,  both  he  and 
several  others  were  for  some  time  glad  to  lodge  in  empty  casks,  to  shelter 
them  from  the  weather,  for  want  of  housing."  Capt.  Green  res.  from  an  early 
period  on  the  lot  afterwards  occupied  by  Judge  Trowbridge,  on  the  northerly 
side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  between  Holyoke  and  Dunster  streets.  He  d.  1 
Jan.  1701-2,  and  his  w.  Sarah  and  his  children,  Jonas  of  New  London,  mari- 
ner, Bartholomew  of  Boston,  printer,  Joseph  of  Boston,  tailor,  and  Timothy  of 
Boston,  printer,  sold  the  homestead  in  1707  ;  after  which  time,  very  little  trace 
is  found  here  of  this  family. 

4.  NATHANIKL,  s.  of  Bartholomew  (1),  was  a  "  chandler  "  and  res.  on  the 
homestead  with  his  mother.     It  does  not  appear  that  he  ever  married.     The 
last  notice  I  have  found  of  him  is  in  1693,  when  he  and  his  brother  Samuel 
sold  the  homestead. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Percival  (2),  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Edward  Mitchelson  20  Oct. 
1656,  and  had  John,  b.  24  July  1657;  Nathaniel,  b.  25  Sept,   1658;  Percival, 
b.  29  Mar.  1660;  Ruth,  b.  25  Nov.  1661,  m.  Zechariah  Hicks,  18  Nov.  1685; 
Samuel,  b.  4  May  1663;  Elizabeth,  b.  22  Ap.  1665,  m.  Thomas  Johnson  8  Jan. 
1682-3;  Edward,  b.  15   Ap.  1667;   Thomas,  b.  7  Mar.  1668-9;  Jonathan,  b. 
prob.  1671  ;  Bethia,  b.  20  Jan.  1673-4,  m.  Joseph  Hicks,  and  d.  12  Ap.  1708; 
Joseph,  b.   24  Nov.  1675;  Benjamin,  b.   13  Aug.  1677;  was  living  in   1696; 

Mitchelson,  b.  14  Mar.  1680-81,  d.  21  Oct.  1681  ;  and  Mary,  b. ,  m.  Rev. 

Nathaniel  Hunting  of  Easthampton,  L.  I.,  27  Oct.  1701.     JOHN  the  f.  was 
a  tailor.     He  succeeded  his  father-in-law,  Mitchelson,  3  June  1681,  as  Mar- 
shal-general of  the  Colony.     During  the  Andros  administration,  he  was  su- 
perseded in  office  by  Samuel  Gookin  1687.  but  was  reinstated  15  Aug.  1689. 
He  d.  3  Mar.  1690-91,  a.  nearly  55;  his  wid.  Ruth  m.  Samuel  Champney. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  was  a  printer  in  Boston  as  early  as  1682, 
where  he  died  of  small  pox   in  July  1690.     His  wife,  who  is  reputed  to  have 
been  a  lady  of  rare  accomplishments,  died  of  the  same  disease  within  a  few 
days  afterwards. 

7.  BARTHOLOMEW,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  was  a  printer,  and  commenced  busi- 
ness at  Boston,  upon  the  death  of  his  brother  Samuel.     A  sketch  of  his  labors 
and  character  is  given   in   an  obituary  published  soon  after  his  death:    He 
"  first  set  up  his  press  with  his  father  in  Cambridge,  and  afterwards  removed 
to  Boston;  where,  on  Sept.  16,  1690,  soon  after  he  was  first  married,  his  press 
and  letters,  which  were  then  esteemed  the  best  that  had  been  in  the  country, 
were  consumed  by  a  fire  that  began  in  the  neighborhood ;  upon  which  he  re- 
turned to  Camb.  and  there  continued  till  the  winter  1692-3,  when  he  came 
back  to  Boston,  where  he  has  been  printer  to  the  Governor  and  Council  for 
near  forty  years,  and  of  the  Boston  News  Letter  (excepting  a  small  intermis- 
sion), from  its  beginning."     He  was  commended  "for  a  strict  observing  the 
Sabbath;  his  household  piety:  his  keeping  close  and  diligent  to  the  work  of 
his  calling ;  his  meek  and  peaceable  spirit;  his  caution  of  publishing  anything 
offensive,  light,  or  hurtful;  and  his  tender  sympathy  to  the  poor  and  afflicted. 
He  began  to  be  pious  in  the  days  of  his  youth ;  and  he  would  always  speak  of 
the  wonderful  spirit  of  piety  that  then  prevailed  in  the  land,  with  a  singular 
pleasure."     News  Letter,  4  Jan.  1733.     He  was  one  of  the  Deacons  of  the  Old 
South  Church,  and  d.  28  Dec.  1732,  a.  65.     He  left  several  children,  of  whom 
Mary  was  b.  in  Camb.  2  June  1691  ;  one  m.  John  Draper,  the  successor  of 
Mr.  Green  in  the  publication  of  the  News  Letter;  and  Bartholomew,  a  printer 
in  Boston,  1727,  rem.  to  Halifax,  N.  S.,  1751,  to  establish  a  printing  house,  • 
where  he  died  about  a  month  afterwards,  a.   52;  one  of   the  daughters  of 
Bartholomew,  Jr.,  was  mother  of  Joseph  Dennie,  Editor  of  the  Port  Folio. 
Thomas's  Hist.  Printing. 

8.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  was  a  printer  in  Boston   1700,  rem.  to  Con- 
necticut 1714,  was  a  Deacon,  and  d.  at  New  London  5  May  1757,  a.  78. 

9.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph  Bradish,  22  Nov.  1684, 
and  had  John,  b.  23  Aug.  1688;  Mary,  bap.  26  June  1698;  Sarah,  b.  12  June 
1701;  Hannah,  b. ;  and  perhaps  others. 


GREEN  —  GRISWOLD. 

10.  NATHANIEL,  p.  of  John  (5),  was  living  in  1691,  but  not  named  in  his 
brother  Edward's  will,  1696. 

11.  PEKCIVAL,  s.  of  John  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1680,  preached  a  short  time  in 
Stow  and  also  in  Wells,  Me.,  but  probably  was  not  ordained.     He  d.    here 
unm.  10  July  1684. 

12.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  John  (5),  was  a  tailor,  and  res.  here;  he  m.  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  Joseph  Sill,  18  Nov.  1685,  and  d.  soon  after  23  July  1692  (the  date  of 
his  will),  leaving  children  Samuel  and  Elizabeth. 

13.  EDWARD,  s.  of  John  (5),  a  ship-master,  d.  unm.  in   1696.     His  will, 
dated  4  Feb.  1695-6,  was  made  on  board  ship. 

14.  THOMAS,  s.   of  John   (5),  was  living  in  1691,  but  not  named  in  his 
brother  Edward's  will,  1696. 

15.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (5),  a  housewright,  sold  the  homestead  in  1696 
to  Joseph  Coolidge,  and  rein,  to  Newton,  where  by  w.  Mary,  he  had  Mary, 
b.  9   Feb.  1702;  Jonathan,  b.  31  May  1707,  d.   1732;  Ann,  b.  4  Mar.   1713. 
JONATHAN  the  f.  d.  in  1736  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  in  1732. 

16.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1695,  and  was  ordained  at  Salem 
village,  or  Danvers,  10  Nov.   1698.     He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Rev.  Joseph 
Gerrish  of  Weuham,  16  Mar.  1698-9,  and  had  Anna,  b.   27  Nov.  1699,  d.  8 
Aug.  1725;  John,  b.  22  Dec.  1?01,  H.  C.  1719;  Joseph,  b.  12  Dec.  1703;   Ed- 
ward, b.  1  Dec.  1705;  Elizabeth,  b.  8  May  1708,  d.  23  July  1732;  William,  b. 
11  Aug.  1710;  Benjamin,  b.  1  July  1713;  Ruth,  posthumous,  b.  23   Ap.  1716, 
d.  24  Aug.  1716.     JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  26  Nov.  1715;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Rev. 
William  Brattle  of  Camb.  and  d.  at  Medf.  22  May  1747.     See  An  Account  of 
Percival  and  Ellen  Green  and  some  of  their  Descendants,  by  Samuel  Abbot 
Green,  M.  D.,  City  Physician  of  Boston. 

17.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (9),  m.  Elizabeth  Corey  25  Jan.  1711-12,  and  had 
Joseph,  b.  24  Oct.  1712. 

WILLIAM,  parentage  unknown,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  21  May  1661. 
JACOB,  prob.  of  Chs.,  had  s.  Jacob,  bap.  1714.  ABIGAIL,  m.  William  Stevens 
1  July  1673.  JAMES,  of  Maiden,  m.  Deborah  Brown  20  Mar.  1734.  JOHN, 
m.  Mary  Reed  24  Ap.  1777. 

GREENHILL,  SAMUEL,  res.  1635  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount 
Auburn  streets.  He  rem.  to  Connecticut  with  Hooker,  and  "  died  early." 
(Hinman.)  Rebecca  Greenhill,  perhaps  dau.  of  Samuel,  m.  John  Shepard  in 
Camb.  4  Oct.  1649. 

GREENWOOD,  THOMAS,  otherwise  written  Greenhood,  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of 
John  Ward,  8  June  1670,  and  had  John,  b.  prob.  1671;  Thomas,  b.  27  Dec. 
1673;  by  his  2d  w.  Abigail,  he  had  James,  b.  19  Dec.  1687  ;  William,  b.  14 
Oct.  1689,  m.  Abigail  Woodward  1715.  THOMAS  the  f  was  a  weaver,  and 
res.  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  in  what  is  now  Newton,  where  he  d.  1694. 
It  is  said  that  he  was  the  first  Town  Clerk  in  Newton,  and  also  Justice  of  the 
Peace. 

2.  ISAAC,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Isaac,  b.  9  May 
1730;  Sarah,  b.  8  Sept.  1731;  John,  b.  29  Mar.  1733;  Thales,  bap.  23  Mar. 
1735;  Elizabeth,  bap.  1  May  1737.  ISAAC  the  f.  grad.  II.  C.  1721;  was  the 
first  Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy,  to  which  office  he 
was  elected  in  May  1727;  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  Presidency  of  that  Col- 
lege in  1737,  and  divided  the  votes  of  the  Corporation  equally  with  Holyoke, 
who,  about  a  month  later,  was  elected  by  unanimous  vote.  He  was  removed 
from  his  Professorship  a  year  afterwards.  "  He  held  his  office  ten  years  and 
five  months  (from  the  time  of  his  inauguration),  and  might  have  continued  to 
hold  it,  with  credit  to  himself  and  benefit  to  the  College,  had  his  wisdom  and 
firmness  been  equal  to  his  acknowledged  abilities."  "  Little  is  known  of  him 
after  his  dismission.  He  went  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  and  there  he  died  Oct. 
22,  1745."  Pence's  Hist.  Hare.  Unio. 

GRIFFITH,  HENRY,  d.  here  12  Nov.  1639. 

GRISWOLD,  FRANCIS  (variously  written,  Greshold,  Greshould,  Grisell, 
Grissell,  Grissoll,  and  Grisold),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  28  Oct.  1639; 
Hannah,  b.  3  Feb.  1642-3,  d.  Ap.  1643;  Hannah,  b.  4  Mai.  1644-5.  FRANCIS 


570  GRISWOLD  —  HALL. 

the  f.  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Kirkland  Street,  and  d.  in  Charlestown  2 
Oct.  1652,  leaving  two  daughters;  his  wid.  Mary  m.  William  Bullard. 

GROVER,  ANDREW,  m.  Hannah  Hill  7  Feb.  1673-4. 

2.  THOMAS,  a  carpenter,  from  Reading,  bought  the  estate  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets,  1711,  but  sold  it  again,  the  next  year. 

GUY,  JOHN,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Mary,  b.  17  Ap.  1676,  d.  25  July  1676. 
Possibly  this  name  may  be  Gay;  in  which  case,  perhaps  Hannah  may  be  the 
same  who  m.  Owen  Warland  3  Ap.  1679. 

HADDEN  (or  Haddon),  GERARD  (variously  written  Garrad,  Jarett,  and 
Jarritt),  owned  a  house  and  three  acres,  extending  from  Sparks  Street  to 
Garden  Street,  in  1635.  He  rem.  to  Salisbury  about  1640,  and  was  living  in 
1663.  George,  H.  C.  1647,  may  have  been  his  son. 

HALL,  MARY,  a  widow,  is  named  by  Mitchell  as  a  member  of  his  church. 
"  Her  children  were  all  adult  at  the  time  of  her  joining.  But  two  of  them  are 
since  joined  to  the  Church  of  Concord,  viz.,  John,  and  Susanna."  Her  son 
Stephen  was  living  in  1668,  then  "aged  28  or  thereabouts."  William,  who 
d.  at  Concord  10  Mar.  1666-7,  was  another  son.  A  John  Hall  of  Cambridge 
had  a  share  of  the  Shawshine  lands  in  1652,  who  may  have  been  husband  of 
Mary ;  but  he  was  more  probably  her  son. 

2.  EDWARD,  in  Camb.  as  early  as  1638,  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  North 
Avenue,  very  near  Holmes  Place;  the  same  estate  which  afterwards  became 
the  property  of  Aaron  Bordman,  and  remained  in  his  family  several  genera- 
tions. EDWARD  had  w.  Margaret,  but  prob.  no  children;  she  d.  7  Dec.  1676, 
and  he  m.  Mary  Rayner  18  June  1677.  He  d.  20  Oct.  1680,  a.  73;  his  w. 
Mary  m.  Thomas  Brown  23  May  1681,  and  was  living,  again  a  wid.,  in  1696; 
her  last  husband,  Thomas  Brown,  Sen.,  "on  the  common,"  having  d.  3  Nov. 
1688. 

THOMAS,  brother  of  Edward  (2),  had  a  grant  of  land  in  1645.  By  w. 
Isabel  (Mitchell  calls  her  Elizabeth),  he  had  Mary,  m.  Israel  Mead  26  Feb. 
1669-70;  Hannah,  b.  4  Mar.  1658,  m.  Stephen  Francis  27  Dec.  1670,  and  d. 

2  Ap.  1683;  Lydia,  b. ,  m.  Ger.-^hom  Cutter  6  Mar.  1677-8,  and  perhaps 

others.  His  w.  Isabel  d.  28  Ap  1682,  and  he  m.  Martha,  wid.  of  Humphrey 
Bradshaw,  and  formerly  wid.  of  William  Russell,  24  May  1683.  He  d.  about 
1691 ;  his  Inventory  is  dated  5  Oct.  1691 ;  his  w.  Martha  d.  about  1694. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Mary  (1),  by  w.  Grace,  had  Mary,  b.  4  Nov.  1657.     He 
removed  to  Concord  and  d.  10  Mar.  1666-7. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Mary  (1),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Percival  Green,  4  Ap.  1656, 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  *18  Sept.  1658,  m.  John  Oldham  ;  John,  b.  13  Dec.  1661  ; 
William,  b.  prob.  1664,  d.  at  Medf.  4  Jan.  1683-4,  a.  19;  Nathaniel,  b.  7  July 
1666;  Mary,   b.   23  Oct.   1668,   m.  John  Bradshaw;  Stephen,  b.  prob.   1670; 
Percival,  b.  11  Feb.  1672;  Susanna,  b.  prob.  1675;  Jonathan,  b.  28  Sept.  1677; 
Sarah,  b.  31  Mar.  1679;   Thomas,  b.  16  Nov.  1681.     JOHN  the  father  res.  in 
Concord   1658  and   1666;  then  in  Camb.  till  about  1675,  when  he  bought  a 
quarter  of  the  Collins  farm  at  Medf.  where  he  d.   18  Oct.   1701,  a.  74;  his 
widow  Elizabeth  d.  14  Feb.  1713-14  a  nearly  75.     Ten  of  their  children  were 
living  in  1  702. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Jemima,  dau.  of  Capt.  Joseph  Sill,  21  Dec.  1687, 
and  had  John,  b   11  Sept.  1689,  d.  2  Oct.  1689;  John,  b.  19   Sept.  1690;    Wil- 
liam, b.    24  June  1694,  d.   4    Oct.    1694;    William,  b.  1   Nov.   1694.  d.  3  Jan. 
1694-5;  Elizabeth,  b.   10  June  1696;  Andrew,  b.   15  May  1698;  Jemima,  b. 
8  Oct.  1700  ;  Joseph,  b.  30  Nov.  1702;  Stephen,  b.  19  Jan.  1703-4.     JOHN  the 
f.  resided  in  Medf.  and  d.  14  Nov.  1720. 

7.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  John  (5),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  9  Jan. 
1691-2;  Nathaniel,  b.  25   Oct.   1694,  d.  22  Sept.  1773;  Susanna,  b.  30  Aug. 
1696;  Sarah,   b.  8   Sept.    1698;  Tabitha,  b.   9  Nov.    1699;    William,  b.  9  Feb. 
1704-5.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  res.  in  Medford. 

8.  STEPHEN,  s.    of  John  (5),  by  w.   Elizabeth,  had    Grace,   bap.   here  24 
June  1698;  Josiah,  bap.  here  24  Feb.  1705-6;  Ruth,  bap.  here  25  July  1708; 
Mary,   bap.    Medf.   19  Ap.    1719;  Stephen,   bap.  Medf.    13  Aug.  1721;  and 
probably  others.     STEPHEN  the  f.  res.  in  Medf. 


HALL  — HANCOCK.  571 

9.  PERCIVAL,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Jane  Willis,  and  had  Percival,  b.  13  Nov. 
1698;  Jane,  b.    15  May   1700;  Mary,   b.    15  July  1706;   Thomas,  b.  15  Aug. 
1712;  Zaccheus  and  Susanna,  twins,  b.  11  Jan.   1714-15;  Grace,  b.  5  Oct. 
1717;  Willis,  b.  7  Mar.  1718-19  ;  and  perhaps  others.    Mary,  was  b.  in  Cainb. ; 
the  others  named  in  Medf.  where  PEUCIVAL  the  father  res.  until  about  1721, 
when  he  and  his  w.  Jane  were  recommended  for  admission  to  the   Church  in 
Sutton.     He  was  elected  Deacon  in  Medf.  6  Ap.  1720. 

10.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (5),  res.  in  Medf.,  but  had  son  Jonathan,  bap. 
here  20  Oct.  1706. 

11.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (5),  res.  in  Medf.  and  was  elected  Deacon  in  Dec. 
1706.     He  m.   Hannah,   dau.    of    Gershom   Cutter,  22    Dec.    1702,   and   had 
Thomas,  b.  5   Oct.   1703;  by  second   w.  Abigail,   he  had  Edward,  b.  11  Ap. 
1707  ;  Abigail,  b.  24  Oct.  1708  ;  Ruth,  b.  1  July  1712,  d.  30  Oct.  1714;  John, 
bap.  13  Mar.  1715;  Ruth,  bap.  30  Aug.  1719;    William,  bap.   18  June  1721  ; 
Rebecca,  b.  28  Feb.  1727,  m.  A.  Blanchard,  Jr.,  13  Nov.  1745;  Samuel,  bap. 
5  Jan.  1729.    THOMAS  the  f.  m.  a  third  w.,  Elizabeth  Davis,  16  Ap.  1747,  and 
d.  25  Jan.  1757.     In  his  will,  dated  25  Mar.  1755,  he  made  provision  for  his 
wife  and  for  chil.   Thomas,  Edward,  Rebecca,  John,  William,  and  the  heirs  of 
dau.  Ruth,  deceased. 

12.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (11),  received  by  deed  of  gift  from  his  grand- 
father,  Gershom   Cutter,   a  tract  of  land   at  Menot.  22  Nov.  1728.     He  m. 
Patience  Allen  10  July  1729,  and  had  Hannah,  b.   11  July  1731,  m.  Joseph 
Adams,  Jr.,  11   Sept.  1750  ;   Thomas,  bap.  6  Aug.  1733;  Patience,  b.  4  May 
1738,  m.  Daniel  Cutter  of  Medf.  18  Nov.  1756.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  weaver, 
res.  at  Menot ,  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Church  5  Dec.  1759,  and  d.  29  May 
1794,  a.  90. 

13.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (12),  m.  Rebecca  Cutter  of  Medf.  (pub.  17  Sept. 
1756),  and  had  Thomas,  b.  4  July  1760;   Ebenezer,  b.  24  Dec.  1762;   Gershom, 
bap.  31  May  1767.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and  d.  25  Feb.  1770,  a.  37; 
his  w.  Rebecca  m.  William  Cutler  19  Jan.  1773,  and  d.  12  Dec.  1817. 

14.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (13),  by  w.  Elizabeth  had  Elizabeth,  b.  21  Aug. 
1786;  Lydia  and  Rebecca,  twins,  b.  23  Feb.  1788;   Oliver,  b.  about  1792,  d. 
24  Feb.  1796,   a.  4  ;  and  perhaps  others.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and 
d.  8   Sept.  1804. 

15.  EBKNEZKR,  s.  of  Thomas   (13),  m.  Esther  Ruhamah,  dau.  of  Ammi 
Cutter,  26  Mar.  1786,  and  had  Ebenezer,  b.   12   Oct.  1786,  d.  20  Dec.   1826; 
Esther,  b.  10  July  1  788  ;  Sarah  Cutter,  b.  14  Mar.  1790  ;  Ammi,  b.  18  Feb.  1 792, 
d.  5  Ap.  1794  ;  Isaac,  bap.  16  Mar.  1794  ;  Hannah,  bap.  17  Ap.  1796  ;  Ammi, 
bap.  21  Jan.   1798  ;   Thomas,  bap.  20   Oct.  1799;  a  child,  b.  3  and  d.  6  Jan. 
1804  ;  and  perhaps  others.   EBENEZER  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and  d.  7  Jan.  1840. 

ABIGAIL,  m.  Jonathan  Ward  of  Newton  31  Dec.  1700.  EZEKIKL,  of 
Medf.  m.  Anna,  dau.  of  Rev.  Samuel  Cook,  24  Oct.  1765.  STEPHEX,  4th,  of 
Medford  in.  Mary,  dau.  of  Abraham  Hill,  12  July  1770. 

HAMLET,  WILLIAM,  appears  as  an  inhabitant  in  1651.  He  m.  wid.  Sarah 
Hubbard,  and  had  Jacob  and  Rebecca,  before  1658. 

HAMMERSTON,  EDWARD,  was  buried  24  Aug.  1646. 

HAMMOND,  THOMAS,  was  in  Hingham  1636.  In  1650,  he  and  Vincent 
Druce  (also  from  Hingham)  purchased  a  tract  of  land  in  what  is  now  Newton, 
adjoining  Brookline,  which  they  divided  in  1664.  He  d.  1675.  leaving  a 
large  estate  to  his  wid.  Elizabeth,  and  chil.  Elizabeth  Woodward,  Thomas, 
and  Nathaniel,  and  to  his  grandchildren  Sarah  and  Elizabeth,  chil.  of  his  dau. 
Sarah  Stedrnan,  deceased. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Stedman,  17  Dec.  1662,  and 
had  Elizabeth,  b.  3  Nov.  1664;  Thomas,  b.  16  Dec.  1666;  Isaac,  b.  20  Dec. 
1668;  Nathaniel,  b.  3  Feb.  1670-1;  John,  b.  30  Ap.  1674;  Eleazar,  b.  18 
Nov.  1677.  THOMAS  the  f.  d.  20  Oct.  1678.  His  w.  Elizabeth  survived. 

HANCHET,  PETER,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Human,  b.  2  May  1680. 

HANCOCK,  NATHANIEL,  one  of  the  "first  company,"  was  here  as  early  as 
1634,  and  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Harvard  and 
Mount  Auburn  streets.  He  died  in  early  life,  about  1648,  and  his  widow 


572  HANCOCK. 

Joanna  was  appointed,  fifteen  years  afterwards,  in  1663,  administratrix  on  his 
estate.  Their  children  were  Mary,  b.  Nov.  1634;  Sarah,  b.  March  1636-7 ; 
Nathaniel,  b.  18  Dec.  1638;  John,  b.  8  April  1642,  and  d.  2  April  1643;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  1  March  1644-5,  and  Lydia,  b.  5  April  1646. 

2.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (1),  was  a  shoemaker,  and  inherited  the 
homestead.     He  was  also  one  of  the  Town  Drummers,  and  in  1685  recovered 
judgment,  for  £8,  against  the  Selectmen,  "for  drumming  and  the  mainten- 
ance of  drums  for  sundry  years  past."     He  was  admitted  to  the  Church   31 
May  1667  (at  which  time  he  was  baptized),  and  elected  Deacon    7  June  1705. 
He  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Henry  Prentice,  8  Mar.  1663-4,  and  Sarah  Green   26 
Dec.  1699.     He  d.  12  Ap.  1719,  a.  80;  his  last  w.  survived  him,  and  probably 
m.  John  Cooper  21  June  1720.     His  children,  all  by  the  first  wife,  were  Na- 
thaniel, b.  28  Feb.  1664-5,  and  d.  20  July  1665;  Mary,  b   6  May  1666,  prob. 
m.  a  Bixby,  as  a  grandchild  "  Mary  Bigsbee  "  is  named  in  Deacon  Hancock's 
will;  Sara'h,  b.  23  Aug.  1667,  m.  Nathaniel  Patten  15  Oct.  1711;  Nathaniel,  b. 
29   Oct.  1668;  Abigail,  b.  29  Dec.  1669,  and  d.  7  May  1672;  John,  b.  1  Mar. 
1671;  Samuel,  b.  2  Jan.  1672-3;  Abigail,  b.  23  Aug.  1675;  was  unm.  in  1719, 
but  prob.  m.  Richard  Davenport  8  Nov.  1720;  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Aug.  1677,  m. 
Benjamin  Wyman  of  Woburn  20  Jan.  1702,  and  Jonathan  Bacon  of  Bedford, 
and  d.  Mar.  1749;  Ebenezer,  b.  10  Mar.  1680-81;  Joseph,  b.  28  Ap.  1683,  and 
prob.  d.  young,  as  he  was  not  named  in  his  father's  will;  Solomon,  birth  not 
recorded,  d.  16  May  1700. 

3.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (2),  was  a  shoemaker,  and  prob.  res.  in  a 
house  belonging  to  his  father,  opposite  to  the  homestead  in  Dunster  Street, 
until  1699,  when  he  purchased  of  Thomas  Eyers  the  estate  afterwards  famous 
as  the  "  Blue  Anchor  Tavern,"  in  Brighton  Street.     There  is  a  tradition,  how 
well  founded  I  know  not,  that  he  erected  the  ancient  edifice  now  standing, 
formerly  the  "Blue  Anchor,"  and  recently  known  as  the  old  Porter  Tavern. 
This  estate  he  sold  to  Joseph  Bean,  in  1737,  and  purchased  an  estate  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Holmes  Place,  about  midway  between  its  easterly  angle  and 
North  Avenue.     Here  he  d.  10  May  1755,  a.  87.      His  w.  was  Prudence,  dau. 

of  Joseph  Russell,  and  d.  15  July  1742,  a.  72.     Their  chil.  were  Mary,  b. , 

m.  John  Parker  20  Dec.  1711;  he  d.  2  Nov.  1712,  and  she  m.  Francis  Whit- 
more;  Prudence,  bap.   27  Dec.  1696,  m.  Abraham  Hill  18  Dec.  1718,  and  d. 
16  Jan.  1775;  one  of  her  sons  was  Deacon  Aaron  Hill,  father  of  the  late  Dr. 
Aaron  Hill;  and  one  of  her  daughters  (Elizabeth)  m.  Benjamin  Eustis,  and 
was  mother  of  the  late  Governor  Eustis;  Martha,  bap.  21  Feb.  1696-7,  and  d. 
20  Oct.  1712;   Tabitha,  bap.  23  Ap.  1699,  m.  Daniel  Champney  4  Sept.  1723; 
Nathaniel,  b.  14  Jan.  1701-2,  grad.   H.  C.  1721,   settled  in  the  ministry  at 
Tisbury   1727,  dismissed    about   1760,  styled    Esquire  in  1772,  and  d.  Sept. 
1774,  leaving  children  Josiah,  Nathaniel,  Russell,  Mary,  Martha,  and  Tabitha 
Dunham:   Elizabeth,^.  16  Nov.  1704,  m.  John   Wyeth  20  Dec.  1733;  he  d. 
1756,  and  she  administered  on  the  estate;    she  d.  between  1772  and  1781; 
Solomon,  bap.  10  Nov.  1706;  Belcher,  b.  24  Ap.  1709;  grad.  H.  C.  1  727;   Tutor 
1742-1767,  and  Fellow  1760-1767;  he  d.  unm.  8  Nov.  1771  ;  Martha,  bap.  18 
Ap.  1714;  d.  unm.  and  her  estate  was  divided  12  Dec.  1781. 

4.  JOHN,  s.of  Nathaniel  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1689,  taught  the  Grammar  School 
in  Camb.  1691,  was  ord.  at  Lexington  (then  called  Cambridge  Farms),  2  Nov. 
1698,  where  he  continued  in  the  ministry  until  his  death,  6  Dec.  1752,  a.  81. 
He  was  eminent  in  his  profession,  and  was  generally  styled  "Bishop  Hancock." 
He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Rev.  Thomas  Clark  of  Chelmsford,  and  granddau. 
of  Elder  Jonas  Clark  of  Camb.     Their  chil.  were  John,  b.  1  June  1702,  grad. 
H.  C.  1719,  ord.  at  Braintree  2  Nov.  1726,  and  d.  7  May  1744;  his  son  John 
was  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  President  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and 
the  first  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  ;   Thomas,  b.  13  July  1703, 
a  prosperous  merchant  in  Boston,  a  member  of  the  Council,  d.  of  apoplexy 
1  Aug.  1763,  and  bequeathed  his  fortune  to  his  nephew  John,  afterwards  Gov- 
ernor; Elizabeth,  b.  5  Feb.  1704-5,  m.  Rev.  Jonathan  Bowman  of  Dorchester; 
Ebenezer,  b.  7  Dec.  1710,  grad.  H.  C.  1728,  ord.   colleague  with  his  father  2 
Jan.  1734,  and  d.  28  Jan.  1740  ;  Lucy,  b.  20  Ap.  1713,  m.  Rev.  Nicholas  Bowes 


HANCOCK.  573 

of  Concord;  after  his  death  she  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Cooke  of  Menot.  and  d.  21 
Sept.  1 768 ;  her  dau.  Lucy  m.  Rev.  Jonas  Clark  (who  succeeded  Bishop  Han- 
cock at  Lexington),  and  had  twelve  children,  of  whom  Mary  m.  Prof.  Henry 
Ware,  Sen.,  Lucy  m.  Rev.  Thaddeus  Fiske  of  W.  Camb.,  and  Martha  in. 
Rev.  William  Harris  of  Salem. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel    (2),  was  a  cordwainer,   rem.  to   Lexington 
about  1698,  sold  his  estate  there  in  1716,  and  returned  to  Camb.,  inherited 
the  homestead,  which  he  sold  to  Samuel  Danforth  in  1725,  rein,  to  Chs.  where 
he  d.  and  administration  on  his  estate  was  committed  to  his  widow   Dorothy 
and  son  John,  15   Mar.   1735-6.     His  chil.  were  Dorothy,  bap.  at  Camb.  21 
Mar.  1696-7,  m.  Caleb  Sampson  of  Chs.  24  Nov.  1720;  John,  bap.  (as  were  all 
the  following)  at  Lex.  10  Sept.  1699,  was  a  shoemaker,  and  res.  in  Chs.;  prob. 
at  the  burning  of  Chs.  in  1775  he  came  to  Camb.  and  here  d.  18  Mar.  1776, 

a.  77;  his  son  John  was  a  goldsmith,  res.   in  Boston,  m.  Martha  Sparhawk 
20  Nov.  1760,  and  had  John,  Nathan  Sparhawk,  and  Martha  ;  Mary,  bap.  19 

Ap.  1702,  and  m. Paine;  Solomon,  bap.  18  June  1704;  Samuel,  bap.  21 

July  1706,  and  d.  14  June  1716  ;   Hannah,  bap.  27  Feb.  1708-9  ;  Sarah,  bap. 
17  Feb.  1711-12  ;  Nathaniel,  bap.  7  July  1715. 

6.  EBENKZER,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (2),  m.  Susanna,  dau.  of  Elder  Jonas  Clark, 
14  Jan.  1702,  and  had  Ebenezer,  bap.  10  Sept.  1704,  and  Susanna,  bap.  6  July 
1707.     No  further  trace  of   him  has   been  discovered.      Susanna   Hancock, 
prob.  the  widow  of  Ebenezer,  m.  Jacob  Hill  29  Sept.  1714.     The  dau.  Susanna 
was  named  [1719]  in  her  grandfather's  will,  and  was  prob.  the  same  who  in. 
Ebenezer  Wyeth  about  1726. 

7.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (3),  was  a  shoemaker;  m.  Mary,  daughter  of 
Rev.  Josiah  Torrey  of  Tisbury,  4  Nov.  1730,  and  probably  res.  with  his  father 
on  Holmes  Place.     He  served  in  a  company  of  Artillery  during  the  French 
war,  and  d.  at  Lake  George  20   Sept.  1756,  a.  50.     (His   age  is  erroneously 
marked   57  on   the  gravestone.)     His  widow  d.  18   Mar.  1799,  a.  88.     Their 
children  were  Nathaniel,  b.  1  Aug.   1731,  a  housewright  in  Boston   in    1773; 
Torre>/,  b.  4  Nov.  1733,  d.  young;  Ebenezer,  bap.   14  Aug.   1737,  d.    young; 
Mary,  bap.  12  July  1741,  d.  unmarried  —  June  1828,  a.  87,  and  is  well  remem- 
bered by  very  many ;  her  res.  was  on  the  south  side  of  the  Common  near  Ap- 
pian  Way;  Sarah,  bap.  15  Ap.  1744,  m.  William   Colson   21    Oct.  1779,  and 
rem.  to  Northampton  ;   Torrey,  bap.  6  Ap.  1746  ;  Ebenezer,  bap.  10  Sept.  1749, 
was  a  brick-layer,  and  died  in  Boston  1796  ;  Belcher,  bap.  24  Feb.  1754,  was 
a  harness  maker,  and  d.  in  Roxbury  1813  ;  his  son,  of  the  same  name  and  oc- 
cupation, now  res.  in  Cambridge. 

9.  TORREY,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  was  a  brick-layer,  and  res.  on  the  westerly 
side  of  North  Avenue,  near  Avon  Street.     He  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Ebenezer 
Wyeth,  5  July  1774,  and  d.  17  July  1778,  a.  32  ;  his  widow  m.  Deacon  James 
Munroe,  senior,  23  July  1783,  and  d.  31  Mar.  1815,  a.  69.     The  children  of 
Mr.  Hancock  were  John,  bap.  22  Oct.  1775,  and  d.  29   Sept.  1796;  Solomon, 
bap.  14  July  1776  ;  Samuel,  bap.  10  Aug.  1777  ;   Torrey,  bap.  15  Nov.  1778. 

10.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Torrey  (9),  m.  Susanna  Baker  Bird  of  Dorchester.  13 
Jan.  1803  ;  she  d.  10  Nov.  1816,  and  he  m.  Nabby  Hews  of  Weston  23  Nov. 
1817.     His  chil.  were  Susanna  Baker,  b.  15  Ap.  1804  and  d.  same  day  ;  John, 

b.  29   Aug.  1805;  Ann  Susan,  b.  1  June   1807,  m.  Belcher  Hancock  —  Si-pt. 
1834;  and  d.  28  Dec.  1866;  James  Bird,  b.  3  July   Ib09,  d.  9   Mar.  1871  ; 
Joanna  Bird,  b.  21   Dec.  1811,  d.  4  May   1813;  Solomon,  b.   7  Ap.   1814,  m. 
Amaranth  J.  Nash  of  Auburn,  Me.,  10  July   1854;  res.   on  the  homestead; 
Samuel,  b.  26  Sept.  1815,  d.  29  Sept.  1815;    William  Torrey,  b.  18  Oct.  1825. 
SOLOMON  the  f.  was  a  saddler,  harness  maker,  and  chaise  trimmer ;  he  res. 
on  the  northwest  corner  of  Pearl  and  Green  streets,  where  he  d.  G  May  1862; 
his  wife  Nabby  d.  21  Jan.  1851. 

11.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Torrey  (9),  m.  Ann  Bird  of  Dorchester  20  Nov.  1! 
and  had  Royal  Bird,  b.  23   Sept.  1809,  printer,  res.  in   India,  and  was  long 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Baptist  Missionary  Union  ;  he  m.  Abigail  b.  I  haver 
10  June  1832,  and  (2d)  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deac.  William  Brown  and  wid.  of  Dr. 
John  W.  Valentine,  1842 ;  she  d.  here  2  July  1868  ;  Martha  Ward,  b.  20  Oct. 


574  HANCOCK  — HASSELL. 

1811,  d.  unm.  11  Oct.  1867;  Joanna  Bird,  b.  24  Ap.  1814,  in. ,  d.  . 

SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  chaise  maker,  and  in  later  life  a  pump  maker ;  he  res. 
on  the  southeast  corner  of  Magazine  and  Auburn  streets,  and  d.  13  Ap.  1860  ; 
his  w.  Ann  d.  2  May  1864,  a.  78. 

12.  TOHRKY,  s.  of  Torrey  (9),  in.  Olive  Orcutt  28  Feb.  1805;  shed.  11 
Oct.  1809,  aged  34,  and  he  m.  Isabella  Rice  of  Wayland  5  June  1811,  who 
was  bur.  29  May  1838,  aged  48.  His  chil.  were  Ann  Elizabeth,  b.  8  June  1807, 
in.  John  Dolbeare  of  New  York  19  July  1831  ;  Sarah,  b.  16  Sept.  1809,  m. 
Josiah  W.  Cook  11  Oct.  1829;  Mary  Torrey,  b.  10  June  181 2,  m.  Jonas 
Wyeth  2d,  1  Jan.  1833;  Isabella,  b.  28  July  1815,  m.  Shepard  R.  Laughton 
of  Pittsford,  Me.,  11  Aug.  1846;  Abigail  Louisa,  b.  16  Sept.  1817,  d.  unm. 
29  Nov.  1843  ;  John  Torrey,  b.  26  Ap.  1820,  res.  in  Chatfield.  Minn.;  Horace 
Augustus,  b.  22  Nov.  1823,  m.  Nancy  M.  Fuller  21  Sept.  1848.  and  res.  in  Texas  ; 
Charles  Edward,  b.  10  Nov.  1827,  m.  Abby  Han  scorn  9  Oct.  1850.  TORREY 
the  f.  was  a  blacksmith  and  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  near 
Story  Street;  he  d.  at  St.  Catherines,  Canada,  while  on  a  visit  18  Mar.  1852, 
and  was  buried  here. 

HAKLAKKNDEN,  ROGER,  whose  ancestry  is  traced  from  William  Harlak- 
enden  (who  d.  in  Wood-Church  in  Kent  30  Ap.  1081).  was  a  younger  son  of 
a  wealthy  family  at  Earls-Colne,  Essex  Co.,  England,  and  came  to  Camb.  in 
the  same  ship  with  Shepard,  in  1635.  He  had  buried  his  w.  Emlen,  18  Aug. 
1634  ;  and  he  brought  with  him  his  2d  w.  Elizabeth,  dan.  of  Godfrey  Bosville, 
Esq.  (m.  4  June  1735),  by  whom  he  had  Elizabeth,  b.  Dec.  1636;  Mart/are/, 
b.  Sept.  1638.  ROGER  the  f.  purchased  the  Gov.  Dudley  estate,  at  the  N. 
W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  South  streets,  where  he  d.  of  small-pox,  17  Nov.1 
1638,  a.  27;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Herbert  Pelham,  Esq.,  by  whom  she  had 
several  children.  Though  Mr  Harlakenden  was  young  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  he  was  much  employed  and  trusted  in  public  office.  Shepard  had 
known  him  in  England,  and  had  received  favor  and  protection  from  him  and 
his  family.  Less  than  two  months  after  his  arrival  here,  he  was  elected  a 
Townsman  or  Selectman.  The  next  year,  1636,  he  was  elected  an  Assistant ; 
and  in  December  of  the  same  year,  on  the  first  division  of  the  military  forces, 
he  was  commissioned  Lieut.-colonel  of  the  regiment  embracing  the  towns 
of  Cambridge,  Charlestown,  Watertown,  Concord,  and  Dedham.  All  these 
offices  he  held  until  he  died.  His  death  occasioned  public  lamentation.  Gov. 
Winthrop,  in  his  journal,  says,  "  he  was  a  very  godly  man,  and  of  good  use 
both  in  the  commonwealth  and  in  the  church.  He  was  buried  with  military 
honor,  because  he  was  Lieutenant-colonel."  Shepard  describes  him  as  "  my 
most  dear  friend,  and  most  precious  servant  of  Jesus  Christ."  His  daughters, 
if  they  survived  so  long,  probably  went  to  England  with  their  step-father  in 
1648  ;  and  it  is  not  known  that  any  of  his  descendants  have  since  resided  in 
this  country. 

MABEL,  sister  of  Roger  (1),  m.  Governor  John  Haynes. 

HARRIS,  RICHARD,  d.  here  29  Aug.  1644.  Little  is  known  of  him,  though 
from  his  being  styled  "  Mr."  he  was  evidently  a  person  of  considerable  im- 
portance. He  seems  to  have  had  some  connection  with  the  college.  There 
are  indications  that  he  was  brother  to  Mrs.  Dunster,  formerly  the  wife  of 
Rev.  Jose  Glover.  He  probably  had  no  family. 

HART,  STEPHEN,  in  1635  owned  a  house  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Hoi- 
yoke  Street  and  Holyoke  Place.  He  rem.  soon  afterwards  to  Hartford,  and 
thence  to  Farmington.  He  was  a  Deacon  there,  and  d.  1682-3,  leaving  sons 
John,  Stephen,  and  Thomas.  He  was  also  Deputy  to  the  General  Court  1646, 
1648,  1649.  Porter,  in  his  Historical  Discourse  at  Farmington,  1840,  says  that 
he  was  Deacon  "of  the  original  church  formed  by  Thomas  Hooker  in  Cam- 
bridge, in  1633."  He  also  informs  us  that  John  Hart,  prob.  s.  of  Stephen, 
was  burned  in  his  own  house  1666,  with  all  his  family,  except  his  eldest  son 
who  was  absent ;  the  fire  was  supposed  to  have  been  kindled  by  the  Indians. 

HASSKLL,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Hassall,  Hassull,  and  Hasewell), 

lx  The  Town  Record  has  October  as  the  ror,  because  on  the  28th  day  of  that  month 
date  of  his  death  ;  but  this  is  a  manifest  er-  he  was  reflected  to  the  office  of  Townsman. 


HASSELL— HASTINGS.  575 

by  w.  Jane  (or  Joanna),  had  Elizabeth,  b.  20  Sept.  1643;  Joseph,  b.  20  Sept. 
1645,  m.  Mary  Perry  21  Aug.  1667;  Esther,  b.  6  Dee.  1648.  All  were  living 
when  Mitchell  commenced  his  Church  Record,  in  1658. 

HASTINGS,  JOHN,  freeman  1643,  res.  a  few  years  at  Braintree,  and  rein, 
here  about  1654.  His  first  wife  d.  at  Braintree,  and  he  in.  Ann,  the  wid.  of 
John  Meane  of  Camb.  His  chil.,  all  by  first  w.,  were  Walter  and  Samuel,  bap. 
in  England,  and  John  and  Elizabeth,  bap.  in  Braintree.  To  the  name  of  John, 
Mitchell  adds  "  Seaborne,"  indicating  perhaps  that  he  was  born  during  the 
passage  of  his  parents  across  the  ocean;  but  it  does  not  appear  that  he  ever 
used  it  as  a  part  of  his  proper  name.  Elizabeth  is  supposed  to  have  in.  William 

Buttrick  before  1657,  and Billings  before  1 666.    JOHN  the  f.  was  a  tanner, 

and  res.  on  the  easterly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets,  the  former  home- 
stead of  Thomas  Brigham,  which  he  bought  5  Mar.  1654.  He  d.  2  Dec.  1057, 
his  w.  Ann  d.  25  Mar.  1666,  a.  about  60,  as  stated  upon  the  Inventory  of  her 
estate. 

2.  WALTER,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  John  Meane,  10  Ap.  1655; 
she  d.  27  Aug.  1673,  a.  34,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dan.  of  Deac.  Henry  Bright 
of  Watertown,  23  July  1674 ;  she  d.  23  July  1  702,  a.  56,  and  he  in.  Elizabeth, 
wid.  of  Elder  Clark,  7  Jan.  1702-3.     His  children  were  Sarah,  b.  3  June  1656, 
d.  10  June  1663;  John,  b.  2  Dec.  1660,  H.  C.  1681,  was  a  physician  in  Bar- 
badoes,  and  prob.  d.  before  1705  as  he  was  not  named  in  his  father's  will; 

Walter,  b.  29  Nov.  1662,  d.  young;  Walter,  b.  26  Nov.  1663,  d.  19  Sept. 
1673;  Sarah,  b.  9  Dec.  1664,  d.  16  Jan.  1664-5;  Hannah,  b.  9  Jan.  1665-6, 
m.  Samuel  Cooper  4  Dec.  1682  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  19  Feb.  1666-7,  d.  3  May  1669  ; 
Nathaniel,  b.  12  Ap.  1669,  d.  15  Sept.  1669;  Jonat/ian,  b.  15  July  1672; 
Elizabeth,}).  3  and  d.  12  July  1675;  Abigail,  b.  16  Feb.  1676-7,  m.  Moses 
Bordman,  25  July  1700;  Walter,  b.  10  Ap.  1679,  d.  25  Sept.  1699.  WALTKU 
the  f.  d.  5  Aug.  1705,  a.  74;  his  w.  Elizabeth  survived.  He  res.  on  the  estate 
inherited  by  his  first  wife,  at  the  corner  of  -North  Avenue  and  Holmes  Place, 
and  obtained  large  tracts  of  land  elsewhere  by  purchase.  He  was  by  trade  a 
tanner,  but  was  much  employed  in  the  public  service.  He  was  a  Selectman, 
with  the  exception  of  only  two  years,  from  1673  until  his  death.  He  was  also 
Deacon  of  the  Church  as  early  as  1681. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Mary  dau.  of  John  Meane,  12  Nov.  1661, 
and  had  Mary,  b.  29  Sept.  1662;  John,  b.  5  Sept.  1664,  d.   12  Nov.   16HO; 
Samuel,  b.   22   Ap.  1668  (or  more   prob.   1667);    Stephen,   b.   23   May  1669; 
Sarah,  b.  16  Aug.  1671,  d.  20  Dec.  1690;  Nathaniel,  b.  14  July  1673;  Martha, 
b.   20  Oct.  1674;  Daniel,  b.   30  Jan.    d.  12   Mar.   1675-6;  Caleb,  b.  30  Mar. 
1677.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  gunsmith,  and  inherited  a  part  of  the  homestead, 
next  to  Brattle   Street.     He  was    Selectman  1691,    1692,  and   d.    14    Feb. 
1704-5,  a.  about  70;  his  w.  Mary  survived. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  in.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Francis  Moore,  1  Mar.  1665-6; 
she  d.   10  June  1667,  a.  24,  and  he  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Elder  Champney,  20 
May  1668;  she  d.   23  Jan.  1690-91,  a.  about  47;  and  he  m.  Rebecca,  wid.  of 
Benoni  Eaton,    28   Sept.   1691.     His  children  were  John,  b.    17  Ap.    1667; 
Joseph,  b.  6  May  1669;  Lydia,  b.  30  Sept.  1671,  m.  Ebenezer  Allen  ;  Hannah, 
b.  13  Mar.  1672-3,  d.   16  Ap.  1691;  Elizabeth,  b.  11  Ap.  1675,  d.  unm.  May 
1727;  Daniel,  b.  3  Feb.  1676-7.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  res.  on  the 
southerly  part  of  the  homestead,  on  Ash  Street.     He  survived  to.old  age,  and 
his  son  John  was  appointed  administrator  of  his  estate  1  Nov.  1720.     His  w. 
Rebecca  prob.  d.  before  20  June  1723,  when  the  estate  was  divided  between 
chil.  John,  Joseph,  Daniel,  and  Elizabeth. 

5.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Walter  (2),  in.  Sarah  Sharp  of  Brookline,  and  had 
Jonathan,  b.  1  Jan.  1708-9;    Waiter,  b.  4  July  1711,  prob.  the  graduate  II.  C. 
1730,  who  d.  1735;  Sarah,  b.  17  Oct.  1714;  Robert,  bap.  23  June  1718,  was  a 
currier,  and  livin"  in  1743  ;  John,  bap.  6  Mar.  1719-20,  res.  on  the  homestead 

O  '  '     .       .>..      .  «.•  »       1  .-k-A       1. -I..     1    TAT    • 


576  HASTINGS. 

S.  C.,  10  July  1850;]  JONATHAN  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead,  and  suc- 
ceeded his  father  also  in  the  business  of  tanning.  He  accumulated  a  large 
estate,  on  which  his  wid.  Sarah  took  administration,  20  Aug.  1742. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  John  Marrett,  and  d. 
28  Sept.  1699.     Their  son  Samuel,  prob.  posthumous,  was  bap.  4  Feb.  1699- 
1700.  and  d.  15  Aug.  1700. 

7.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Thomas  Stacy,  28  Oct. 
1708,   and  had  Samuel,  bap.   16   Ap.   1710;   Thomas,  bap.  24   Feb.   1711-12 
(and  prob.  a  2d  Thomas,  b.  about  1717,  called  70  years   old  at  his  death  in 
1787);  Stephen,  bap.  7  May  1721.      STEPHEN  the  f.  was  a  currier,  inherited 
the  homestead,  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets,  which  he  sold  in  1707,  and 
afterwards  res.  on  the  north  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  between  Brighton 
Street  and  Brattle  Square.     He  d.  24  Sept.  1726,  a.  57;  his  w.  Hannah  sur- 
vived. 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  was  described  as  a  "husbandman"  residing  in 
Cambridge,  when   he  was   appointed  administrator  of  his  father's  estate  1 
Nov.  1720,  also  when  he  sold  the  homestead  to  Stephen  Palmer  23  May  1733, 
after  which  date  1  find  no  trace  of  him  on  our  records  or  elsewhere. 

9.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (4),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b. ,  m.  John 

Allen  of  Walpole  22  June  1725;  Mary,  b.   1708;  Joseph,  b.  1710;  Hannah, 
b.   1713;  Abigail,   b.    9   Sept.  1716,   d.  young;    Matthew,  b.   18   Sept.  1718; 
Esther,  b.  6  Ap.  1721,  m.  Samuel  Boyce  of  Medfield  13  Ap.  1744.     JOSEPH 
the  f.  was  a  weaver,  and  resided  in  Reading  in  1699,  when  he  petitioned  the 
General  Court  for  relief,  describing  himself  as  "late  of  Cambridge,"  and 
representing  that  in  1690  he  was  in  an  expedition  against  the  Indians,  and 
that   near  Exeter  he  "  was  wounded  by  a  shot  close  by  his  eye,"  which 
destroyed  its  sight.     The  Court  granted  him  £10,  money.     In  July  1716  he 
rem.  to  Weston,  where  he  d.  27  Feb.  1724-5. 

10.  DANIEL,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Abigail  Cooksey  13  Nov.  1701,  and  had  Abi- 
gail, b.  9  and  d.  27  Aug.  1702;  Walter,  b.  24  Mar.  1703-4,  and  d.  in  Hardwick 
6  July  1792;  Abigail,  bap.  19  May  1706;  Daniel,  b.   8  Jan.  1708-9;  Sarah, 
bap.  9  May  1714.     DANIEL  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  his  house  and  shop 
were  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets.     He  removed  to 
Marlborough  before  6  June  1722,  when  he  sold  his  Camb.  homestead  to  Dr. 
Samuel  Wheat  of  Needham;   he  was  residing  in  Sudbury  1727,  in  Oxford 
1732,  after  which  he  rein,  to  Hardwick,  where  he  d.  25  Jan.  1755. 

11.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (5),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Cot- 
ton of  Newton,  30  Oct.  1750,  and  had  Jonathan,  b.  2  Aug.  1751;  Walter,  b.  25 
Sept.  1752;  John,  b.  23  Mar.  1754;  Rebecca,  b.  16  Sept.  1758,  d.  unm.  20  Sept. 
1846.     JONATHAN  the  f.  grad.   H.   C.  1730,   was  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
Steward  of  Harvard  College.     In   1742  he  purchased  the  estate  on  the  east- 
erly side  of  Holmes  Place  (afterwards  owned  by  Rev.  Dr.  Holmes  and  his 
family),  which  was  thenceforth  his  residence.     He  was  an   ardent  patriot  in 
the  War  of  the  Revolution,  and  his  house,  the  same  which  is  now  standing,  was 
the  head-quarters  of  Gen.  Ward  in  the  early  part  of  1775.     From  this  house, 
the  last  probably  which  he  ever  entered,  Gen.  Joseph  Warren  departed,  on 
the  morning  of  17  June  1775,  to  the  field  of  glory  and  of  death.  Mr.  Hast- 
ings d.  16  Feb.  1783;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  10  July  1782,  a.  60. 

12.  SAMITEL,  s.  of  Jonathan  (5),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Whitte- 
more   (pub.   7  Nov.  1746),   and  had    Sarah,  bap.   22   Nov.   1747,   d.    young; 
Sarah,  b.  18   Oct.  1749,  in.  James  Hill  29  Jan.  1791,  and  d.  in  the  following 
March.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  glazier,  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  North 
Avenue,  near  Mellen  Street,  and  d.  16  July  1785. 

13.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Stephen  (7),  m.  Hepzibah,  dau.  of  Daniel  Dana,  8  May 
1735,  and  had   in   Camb.,  Hepzibah,  bap.   11   Ap.  1736,  d.  young;    and  in 
Newton,  Hepzibah,  b.  1  Ap.  1737,  m.  Alexander  Sampson  1754;  Samuel,  b.  1 
Aug.  1738;  Hannah,  b.  20  July  1740,  m.  Caleb  Aspinwall  1763,  and   Stephen 

Winchester;  Mary,  b.  1  Dec.  1742,  m. Howard;  Joseph  Stacy,  b.  9  Feb. 

1745,  grad.  H.  C.  1762,  was  ordained  at  Northampton,  N.  H.,  11   Feb.  1767, 
removed  to  Boston  about  1774,  and  d.  at  Middlebury,  Vt. ,  30  June  1807; 


HASTINGS.  577 

Stephen,  b.  29  Jan.  1747;  Daniel,  b.  12  May  1749;  Thomas,  b.  12  July  1751; 
Aaron,  b.  2  May  1754,  grad.  H.  C.  1780,  and  was  a  physician;  John,  b.  28 
July  1756.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  rem.  to  Newton  about  1737,  and  d. 
in  1776. 

14.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Stephen   (7),  in.  Lydia  Shed  of  Chs.  (pub.  24   Nov. 
1744),  and  had  Lydia,  b.  14  Dec.  1745,  d.   unm.  12  Ap.  1804;  Hannah,  bap. 
20  Nov.  1748,  non  comp.  and  an  inmate  of  the  almshouse  1804;  Abigail,  bap. 
14  Oct.  1750,  d.  young;   Thomas,  bap.  30  Aug.  1752,  d.  young;  Thomas,  bap. 
6  Oct.  1754,  was  a  cordwainer,  and  d.  Nov.  1789;  Stephen,  bap.  6  Nov.  1757, 
was  a  cordwainer,  represented  non  comp.  1805,  d.  in  the  almshouse  6  June 
1815;  Ebenezer,  bap.  6  Ap.  1760;  Abigail,  bap.  6  Feb.  1763,  d.  unm.  11  Nov. 
1803;  Elizabeth,  bap.  21  July  1765,  d.  unm.  26   Sept.  1803;  Samuel,  bap.  21 
Feb.   1768,   living  in   1789,  when  he   sold  his    share  of   his  father's  estate. 
THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  inherited  the  homestead.     He  appears  to 
have  possessed  considerable  property  in  early  life  ;  but  his  family  was  large, 
and  many  of  the  children  imbecile,  so  that  little  estate  remained  after  his 
death.     He  d.  22  Jan.  1787;  his  w.  Lydia  and  several  of  the  children  sold  the 
homestead  to  James  Winthrop,  Esq.,  and  removed  into  a  small  house  on  the 
S.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  South  streets  ;  she  d.  30  Aug.  1804,  a.  82. 

15.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (11),  m.  Christina  Wainwright  24  Nov.  1780, 
and  had  Eliza,  b.  11  Dec.  1781  ;   Caroline,  b.  26  Jan.  1783;  John  Winthrop,  b. 
12  June  1787,  d.  28  Nov.  1787;  Maria  Wainwright,  b.  14  Ap.  1789,  d.  21  July 
1792;   Christina  Newton,  b.  4  Ap.  1790,  d.  24  July  1792;  Frederick,  b.  3  Oct. 
1791,  d.  19  Aug.  1794.     JONATHAN  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1768,  was  appointed 
Postmaster  on  the  resignation  of  James  Winthrop  1775;  afterwards  rem.  to 
Boston,  and  d.  8  Mar.  1831 ;  his  w.  Christina  d.  26  Oct.  1815,  a.  64. 

16.  WALTER,  s.  of  Jonathan  (11),  m.  Lucretia  Bridge  of  Chelrnsford   23 
Nov.  1777,  and  had  Walter,  b.  26  Dec.  1778,  grad.  H.  C.  1799,  a  lawyer  at 
Townsend,  d.  6  June  1821  ;  Jonathan  Cotton,  b.  2  Feb.  1782,  a  broker,  d.  in 
Boston  4  Ap.  1837.     AVALTER  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1771,  was  a  surgeon  in  the 
Revolutionary  Army,  afterwards  practised  medicine  in  Chelmsford,  and  d.  29 
Nov.  1782  ;  his  w.  Lucretia  d.  here,  and  was  buried  2  Mar.  1834,  a.  77. 

17.  JOHN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (11),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Richard  Dana,  and  sister 
to  Chief  Justice  Dana,  7  Dec.  1783,  and  had  Harriet,  b.  20  Sept.  1784,  d.  unm. 
25  Jan.  1817;  Amelia,  b.  13  Mar.  1786,  d.  unm.  at  Medf.  17  July  1872;  Eliz- 
abeth Cotton,  b.  8  Oct.  1787,  m.  Moses  S.  Judkins  of  Castine  6  Mar.  1808,  and 
Charles  P.  Phelps  of  Hadley  5  Aug.  1833;  Edmund  Trowbridge,  b.  15  May 
1789;  a  son,  b.  and  d.  9  Mar.   1791;  Frances  Marion,  b.  2   Oct.   1792,  m. 
Thomas  Gibson  of  Leominster   28  Mar.  1815;     Elmira,  b.  3  June  1794,  m.. 
Reuben   Parker,  and  d.   10   Oct.   1857;  Mary  Augusta,  b.  21    Oct.  1798,  d. 
unm.  at  Medf.  13  Mar.  1869.     JOHN  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1772,  was  an  officer  in 
the  Revolutionary  Army,  attained  the  rank  of  Major,  res.  for  a  time  in  Medf. 
but  returned  here,  and  d.  16  Feb.  1839  ;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  at  Woburn  2  May 
1808,  and  was  buried  here. 

18.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (13),  m.  Mary  Morse,  1772,  and  had  Rebecca,  b. 
25  Mar.  1774;  Daniel,  b.  1  Ap.  1775,  merchant  in  Boston;  Mary,  b.  15  Ap. 
1777  ;  Henry,  b.  10  Sept.  1780  ;  Nathan,  b.  20  Aug.  1782;  Deborah,  b.  8  Ap. 
1785  ;  Joseph  Slacey,  b.  25  June  1789,  merchant,  a  member  of  the  first  board 
of  Aldermen  in  Camb.  1846,  and  d.  at  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  18  Dec.  1872;  Nancy, 
b.  15  May  1791  ;  George,  b.  18  Nov.  1792,  d.  1817;  Lewis,  b.  20  Nov.  1795; 
Elizabeth',  b.  20  May  1800.     DANIEL  the  f.  was  a  gravestone  cutter,  and  res. 
in  Newton. 

19.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Samuel  (13),  m.  Elizabeth  Morse  1777,  and  had  Thomas, 
b.  12  June  1778;  Elizabeth,  b.  2  Mar.  1780,  m.  Jonathan  Balch  1800;  Ifepzi- 
bah,  b.  1  Sept.  1782,  m.  James  Hyde;  Charles,  b.  10  Sept.  1783;  Joseph  S.,  b. 
2  Dec.  1784;  Malinda,  b.  2  Mar.   1789;  Fanny,  b.  20  July  1793.     He  m.  2d 
Betsey  Jackson,  and  3d  Mehetabel,  dau.  of  Jacob  Watson  and  wid.  of  Adino 
Hastings,   and  had  Morse  Curtis  Watson,  b.  17  July  1803,  supposed  to  be  the 
same  who  was  known  and  respected  in  Camb.  by  the  name  of  "  Watson  Hast- 
ings "  and  who  d.  here  5  May  1849,  a.  45;  Jonathan  Balch,  b.  28  Jan.  1805; 

37 


578  HASTINGS. 

Joseph  Warren,  b.  —  Ap.  1806.  THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  grocer  in  Newton  and 
afterwards  a  brewer  in  Camb.  His  will,  dated  31  Dec.  1806,  was  proved  19 
Feb.  1808;  his  w.  Mehetabel  d.  7  Jan.  1850,  a.  84. 

20.  EDMUND  TROWHKIDGK,  s.  of  John  (17),  m.  Elizabeth  Spring  of  Bos- 
ton  1   June   1815,  and   had  Edmund   Trail-bridge,  b.   3  Mar.   1816;  Harriet 
Elizabeth,  b.    3   Aug.   1818,   m.  John   B.  Hatch  5  Oct.  1841;  John  Walter,  b. 
27  Nov.  1819,  m.  Sarah  E.,  dau.  of  Rev.  Thomas  B.  Gannett,  4  Sept.  1850; 
Lydia  Dana,  b.  29   Sept.  1821,  d.  Dec.  1821;  Horace,  b.  16  Sept.  1822,  d.  3 
Nov.  1826;  a  son,  b.  and   d.  7   Feb.  1824;  Mary  Augmta,  b.  6  Dec.  1824,  d. 
14  Dec.  1824;  a  son,  b.  and  d.  15  Jan.  1827.     EDMUND  TKOWBRIDGK  the  f. 
was  a  merchant  and  res.   on  the  westerly  side  of  Prospect  Street,  between 
Main  and  Austin  Streets;  about  1840  he  rem.  to  Medford,  where  he  d.  13  May 
1861. 

21.  JOHN,   by  w.  Mary,   had  Moses,  b. ;  Mary,\>.  24  Jan.  1716-17; 

Anna,  b.  22  Dec.  1718,  m.  Jacob  Caldwell ;  Zebulun,  b.  2  Oct.  1720;  Seth,  b. 
22  Aug.  1722;  Enoch,  b.  31  Aug.  1724,  d.  young;  Elixha,  b.  10  Jan.  1726-7; 
Asher,  b.  9  Nov.  1728,  d.  1731 ;  Sarah,  b.  4  Feb.  1730-31,  d.  1731 ;  Elizabeth, 
b.  27  Oct.  1732  ;  Sarah,  bap.  21  Sept.  1735.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer, 
and  res.  near  the  old  cemetery  in  Wat.  from  1718  until  1738,  when  he  ex- 
changed his  homestead  for  an  estate  opposite  to  the  northeasterly  corner  of 
Mount  Auburn  Cemetery,  extending  from  Mount  Auburn  Street,  where  the 
old  house  remains  standing,  to  Fresh  Pond.      His   son  Seth  and  son-in-law 
Jacob  Caldwell  were  appointed  administrators  of  his  estate  6  Oct.  1746.     His 
parentage  is  not  satisfactorily  ascertained.     Dr.  Bond  conjectured  that  he  was 
son  of  John  (4)  of  Cambridge.    (Hist.  Wat.,  p.  293.)    On  further  investigation, 
he  assigned  him  a  place  among  the  grandchildren  of  Deac.  Thomas  Hastings 
of  Watertown.    (Ibid.,  p.  791.)     The  latter  supposition  is  certainly  the  more 
probable  ;  but  I  have  been  unable  to  find  absolute  proof  of  its  correctness. 

22.  SETH,   s.   of  John  (21),  m.  Hannah  dau.  of  Thomas  Soden  30  Dec. 
1747,  and  had  Mary,  b.  9  Oct.  1750,  m.  Josiah  Moore  19  Sept.  1768,  and  d. 
9  May  1781;   Thomas,  b.  15  Nov.  1753,  d.  4  Feb.  1823;  John,  b.   13  Sept. 
1759  ;  Seth,  b.  5  Ap.  1762,grad.  H.  C.  1782,  lawyer  in  Mendon,  Senator  1810, 
1811,  Member  of  Congress  1801-1807,  Judge  C.  C.  P.  1819,  and  d.   1831   (his 
son  William  Soden,  H.  C.  1817,  was  also  Member  of  Congress,  and  d.  1842); 
William  Soden,  b.  6  Nov.  1764,  d.  unm.   24  Jan.  1792;  Robert,   b.  18  Mar. 
1767,  d.  5  Oct.  1775.    SETH  the  f.  res.  on  the  homestead,  and  d.  15  Oct.  1775. 
His  w.  Hannah  m.  William  How  in  1779,  and  d.  28  Aug.  1817,  a.  90. 

23.  JOHN,  s.  of  Seth  (22),  m.  Elizabeth  Prentice  30  Ap.  1780,  and  had 
Lucretia,  bap.  18  Mar.    1781,  m.  William  Richardson  10  Ap.   1803;  Robert, 

bap.  6  Ap.  1783;  Mary,  b. ,  m.  Franklin  Sawyer  20  Feb.  1806.     JOHN 

the  f.  d.  17  July  1797  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Josiah  Learned  28  Ap.  1799. 

24.  SAMUEL,  a  descendant  from  Deac.  Thomas  Hastings  of  Wat.,  m.  Lydia 
Tidd  16  Jan.    1755,   and  had  nine  chil.  among  whom  were  Samuel,  b.  11 
July  1757,  and  Hepzibah,  b.  3  July  1762,  m.  John  Swan  of  Waltham,  1781  ; 
he  d.  and  she  m.  Jonas  Wyeth  of  Camb.  and  d.  in  1789.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res. 
in  Lex.  and  d.  8  Feb.  1820,  a.  nearly  99  ;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  10  Nov.  1802,  a.  71. 

25.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (24),  m.  Lydia  Nelson  of  Lincoln  1  Oct.  1778, 
and  had  Lydia,  b.  20  Feb.  1780,  m.  Nehemiahl.  Ingraham  of  Boston;  Samuel, 
b.  15  Dec.  1781,  d.  —  Sept.  1798;  Jonathan,  b.   17  Aug.  1783;  iJorcas,  b.  27 
June  1786,   m.    Rev.   Daniel  Marrett  of  Standish,   Me.,   in   1810,  and  was 
mother  of  Lorenzo  Marrett,  Esq.,  of  Camb.;   Thomas,  b.  22  May  1787,  a  mer- 
chant at  East  Cambridge,  d.   14  Aug.  1865;  Polly,  b.  10  Ap.  1789,  m.  Benja- 
min O.  Wellington  20  May  1811;  Oliver,  b.  16  May  1791,  a  retired  merchant, 
now  residing  in  Camb.;  Hepzibah,  b.   24  May  1793,  m.  Peter  Wellington   24 
May  1813;  Harriet,  b.   12  July  1795,  m.  Elias  Smith  8  Aug.  1819;  James,  b. 
5  Oct.  1797.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  in  Lincoln,  near  Lex.,  and  d.  8  Jan.  1834; 
his  w.  Lydia  d.  5  Ap.  1829,  a.  71. 

26.  EDWARD,  parentage  not  ascertained,  had  Lydia,  b.  about  1767,  d.  24 
Ap.  1804,  a.  37;  John,  bap.  6  Jan.  1771,  prob.  d.  16  May  1804  ;  Esther,  bap.  1 
Nov.  1772,  d.  12  Mar.  1800. 


HASTINGS  —  HEALY.  579 

27.  REUBEN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.   Grace ;  she  d.  21  July 

1805,  a.  35,  and  he  m.  Deborah  Park  1806.      He  had  Susanna  Jackson  and 
Sarah  Dana,  twins,  b.  20  .July  1796.     REUBEN  the  f.  res.  in  Brighton,  and  d. 
4  Mar.  1835,  a.  71  ;  his  widow  d.  at  Worcester  29  June  1869,  a.  90. 

28.  ADINO,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Mehetabel,  dau.  of  Jacob  Wat- 
son, 21  June  1795,  and  had  James,  b.  19  Mar.  1797.     ADINO  the  f.  d.  8  Jan. 
1798;  his  w.  Mehetabel  m.  Thomas  Hastings  3  Oct.    1802,  and  d.  7  Jan. 
1850. 

29.  SAMUEL,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Susanna  Lane  of  Bedford,  and 
had  Samuel  Emery,  b.   1806,  d.  21   July  1870;  Susanna,  b.  13  Oct.  1808,  m. 
George  W.  Hubbard  4  Mar.  1827,  d.  21*  July  1852;  Mary  Adeline.,  b.  17  Feb. 
1811,  m.  Gilbert  Cutting  25  Nov.  1832;  Isaac  H.,  b.  23  Ap.  1813  ;  Amittai, 
b.  3   Oct.    1815,   m.   Daniel   Davis   1834;  Sylcana,  b.  3  Mar.  1818,  m.  Rufua 

Cox  2   Ap.  1846;  James  P.,  b. ,  d.  12  Sept.   1874,  a.  51;  Abby,  b. ; 

Andretv  Jackson,  b. ,  res.  here.     SAMUKL  the  f.  res.  in  Cambridgeport, 

and  d.  19  Jan.  1857,  a.  74;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  28  Ap.  1872,  a.  86. 

HAUGH,  ATHERTON  (otherwise  written  Hough  and  Hough t),  was  one  of 
the  Assistants  in  1635,  and  owned  a  house  and  farm  embracing  the  whole  of 
the  upland  in  East  Cambridge,  and  in  1642  he  had  added  so  much  to  his  farm 
that  it  contained  two  hundred  and  sixty-seven  acres.  He  early  removed  to 
Boston,  and  resided  at  the  southerly  corner  of  Washington  and  School  streets, 
where  he  died  11  Sept.  1650.  His  son  Samuel  was  pastor  of  the  Church  at 
Reading,  and  d.  30  Mar.  1662,  leaving  a  son  Samuel,  who  d.  before  15  Oct. 
1679,  leaving  wid.  Anna  and  sons  Samuel,  a  goldsmith,  and  Atherton,  a  tailor, 
who  both  resided  in  Boston,  and  sold  the  farm  in  1699,  to  John  Langdon,  who 
sold  the  same  in  1706  to  Spencer  Phips,  Esq.,  for  £1273.  Atherton  H.  Stev- 
ens, Esq.,  who  d.  at  East  Cambridge  8  Ap.  1875,  aged  nearly  88  years,  was  a 
lineal  descendant  from  the  first  Atherton  Haugh  of  Cambridge,  and  for  many 
years  resided  on  a  part  of  the  original  homestead. 

HAYNES,  JOHN,  "came  to  N.  Eng.  1633,  from  Copford  Hall  in  Essex,  in 
company  with  Rev.  Thomas  Hooker,  was  admitted  freeman  in  1634,  elected 
an  Assistant  in  1634  and  1636,  and  Governor  in  1635.  He  rem.  to  Connecti- 
cut in  1637,  settled  at  Hartford,  was  elected  the  first  governor  of  that  Colony 
in  April  1639,  and  every  second  year  afterwards,  until  his  death  in  1654.  By 
two  wives  he  had  eight'children,  Robert,  Hezekiah,John,  Roger,  Mary,  Joseph, 
Ruth,  and  Mabel,  the  last  three  by  the  second  wife."  (Farmer.)  This  second 
wife  was  Mabel,  sister  of  Roger  Harlakenden.  While  in  Camb.  he  res.  on 
the  westerly  side  of  Winthrop  Square  (then  called  the  Market  Place),  his  lot 
extending  from  Mt.  Auburn  St.  to  Winthrop  St.  Of  his  children,  Robert,  d. 
at  Copford  Hall  "  in  August  1657,  of  a  sickness  so  infectious  that  it  killed  all 
the  persons  employed  in  putting  him  into  his  leaden  coffin.  On  his  decease 
Hezekiah  became  possessed  of  this  estate.  He  was  much  employed  in  the 
civil  wars,  and  a  Major-general."  (Morant's  Hist.  Essex,  ii.  195.)  "John 
and  Roger,  who  came  into  this  country  with  their  father,  sometime  before  his 
death,  returned  to  England.  Roger  d.  on  his  passage,  or  soon  after  his  ar- 
rival. John  [grad.  H/C.  1656]  settled  in  the  ministry  at  or  near  Colchester 
in  the  county  of  Essex  in  England,  where  he  left  issue.  Joseph  [grad.  H.  C. 
1658]  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  first  church  in  Hartford;  [d.  24  May  1679]. 
Mary,  m.  Mr.  Joseph  Cook  in  England;  Ruth,  Mr.  Samuel  Wyllys  of  Hart- 
ford;  and  Mabel,  Mr.  James  Russell  of  Charlestown  in  Mass.;  and  all  had 
issue."  (TrumbulVs  Hist.  Conn.,\.  224.)  Rev.  Joseph  Haynes  of  Hartford  had 
one  son  John  who  "  was  a  gentleman  of  importance  in  the  Colony,  and  for  a 
time  was  a  magistrate  and  judge;  —  and  the  name  became  extinct  in  the  Col- 
ony in  this  generation."  Hinman. 


1645,  d.  at  eleven  months;  Elizabeth,}).  14  Nov.  1647.  His  w.  died  8  Nov. 
1649,  in  childbirth."  (Savage's  Gen.  Diet.)  By  2d  w.  he  had  Sarah,  bap.  2  beb. 
1650-51,  d.  here  10  Oct.  1653;  William,  bap.  11  July  1652;  his  '2d  w.  d.  and 


580  HE  ALT  — HICKS. 

he  m.  in  Camb.  Grace  Butterice  14  Oct.  1653,  and  had  Grace,  b.  about  1654; 
Mary,  b.  4  and  d.  27  Nov.  1657;  Nathaniel,  bap.  6  Feb.  1658-9;  Martha,  bap. 
9  Sept.  1660;  his  w.  Grace  d.  and  he  m.  Phebe,  dau.  of  Bartholomew  Green, 
15  Aug.  1661,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  14  Sept.  1662  ;  Paul,  bap.  3  Ap.  1664  ; 
Mary,  bap.  29  Oct.  1665,  m.  Jacob  Watson  12  Nov.  1702,  d.  16  Sept.  1728; 
his  w.  Phebe  d.  and  he  m.  widow  Sarah  Brown  29  Nov.  1677,  as  certified  by 
her  son  James  in  a  deposition  dated  28  Feb.  1682.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was 
prison  keeper  as  early  as  1674,  which  office  he  held  until  29  Dec.  1682,  when 
he  was  removed  for  gross  misconduct,  u  sentenced  to  be  severely  whipped  20 
stripes,"  and  became  an  inmate  of  the  prison.  He  d.  28  Nov.  1683,  a.  70. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (1),  is  said  to  have  resided  at  Hampton,  N.  H., 
and  to  have  d.  in  1689.     "  He  was  convicted  with  eight  others  of  the  ridicu- 
lous crime  of  high  treason  in  1683,  by  the  tyrannical  government  of  Cranfield, 
and  pardoned  by  advice  of  the  crown."     Savage's  Gen.  Diet. 

3.  NATHANIKL,  s.  of  William   (1),  by  w.  Rebecca,  had  Nathaniel,  b.  28 

Sept.  1686;  Mary,  b.  25  Nov.  1688,  m. Morse;  Samuel,  b.  9  May  1690; 

Ebenezer,  b.  14  Nov.  1691  ;  Martha,  b.  25  Sept.  1694,  m. Badcock;  Wil- 
liam, b. ;  Lydia,  b.  16  Feb.  1697,  m. Avery;  John,  b.  8  Jan.  1699; 

Joshua,  b. ;  Rebecca,  b. ,  m. Thwing;  Abigail,  b. ,  m. 

Brackett;  Hannah,  b. ,  m. Young.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  after  1686 

res.  near  Brook  Farm  in  Newton,  and  d.  2  June  1734;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  7 
Jan.  1735. 

4.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel   (3),  was  "  under  the  command  of  Capt. 
Josiah  Parker  at  Groton  on  the  21st  day  of  July  1706,  and  was  slain  and  his 
gun  carried  away  by  the  enemy,  who  waylaid  him  and  others  as  they  were 
going  to  meeting  on  the  Sabbath  day."     Mass.  Arch.,  Ixxi.  345. 

HKATE,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Hitte),  in  1635  owned  an  estate  on 
the  northeasterly  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  which  he  sold 
about  1638  to  Thomas  Marrett;  after  which  I  find  no  trace  of  him  here. 

HERRING,  JAMES,  in  1639,  sold,  with  other  lands,  a  house  and  land  on 
the  northerly  side  of  South  Street,  near  if  not  bordering  on  Holyoke  Street. 

HICKS,  ZECHARIAH  (otherwise  written  Hicke,  and  Hickes),  res.  on  the 
easterly  side  of  Brighton  Street,  his  estate  extending  from  Winthrop  Street 
to  Mount  Auburn  Street.  He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  Sill,  28  Oct.  1652, 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Ap.  1654,  m.  John  Needham  10  Oct.  1679,  d.  4  Feb. 
1690-91  ;  Zechariah,  b.  27  Sept.  1657  ;  John,  b.  10  Ap.,  d.  4  June  1660  ;  Jo- 
seph, bap.  L2  Jan.  1661-2;  Thomas,  bap.  3  July  1664,  d.  young;  Hannah,  bap. 
4  Mar.  1665-6,  m.  Thomas  Stacy,  20  June  1683;  Margaret,  b.  3  July  1668,  m. 
John  Fuller  11  Oct.  1714;  he  d.  1720,  and  she  m.  John  Weld  of  Roxbury, 
and  was  living  in  1727;  Thomas  and  John,  twins,  b.  15,  and  d.  27  and  25 
Sept.  1676.  ZECHARIAH  the  f.  d.  5  Aug.  1702,  a.  73  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  12 
Sept.  1 730,  a.  93. 

2.  ZECHARIAH,  s.  of  Zechariah  (1),  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  John   Green,  and 
granddaughter  of  Edward  Mitchelson,  18  Nov.  1685;  she  d.  and  he  in.  Seeth, 
wid.  of  William  Andrew,  26  June  1704.     His  chil.were  Ruth,  b.  11  Aug.  1686, 
d.  17  July  1687;  Zechariah,  b.  11  Feb.  1688-9,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.  about 
1692,  m.  Ebenezer  Fisher  of  Boston  19  Oct.  1716;  Margaret,  b.  about  1694, 
m.  Deac.  Samuel  Whittemore  13  Oct.  1715;  John,  bap.  14  Feb.  1696-7;  Ruth, 
bap.  26   Feb.  1698-9,  m.  Joseph  Bradford  of  Boston;   Thomas,  bap.  10  June 
1705,  prob.  d.  young  ;  Zechariah,  bap.  2  May  1708,  grad.  H.  C.  1724,  was  an 
eminent  schoolmaster  in  Boston,  where  he  d  21  July  1761,  leaving  an  only  son 
Timothy  Prout  Hicks.     ZECHARIAH  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  res.  on  the  home- 
stead, and  d.  27  Jan.  1752,  a.  94. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Zechariah  (1),  m.  Bethia,  dau.  of  John  Green,  and  grand- 
daughter of  Edward  Mitchtlson,  about  1693;  she  d.  12  Ap.  1708,  a.  35,  and 
he  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  John  Palfrey,  29  Nov.  1716.     His  chil.  -were,  Joseph, 
b.  about  1694,  who  was  living  at  East  Hampton,  N.  Y.,  in  1751  ;  Bethia,  bap. 
20   Dec.  1696;  Elizabeth,  bap.  19  June  1698;  Mary,  bap.  20  May  1700,  m. 
Samuel  Larkin  of  Chs.  3  Mar.  1723-4;  Zechariah,  bap.  1701-2,  d.  in  Boston 
1744,  leaving  w.  Lydia  and  two  sons,  Thomas  Daggett  and  Mitchelson;  there 


HICKS  —  HILDRETH  —  HILL.  581 

are  reasons  for  supposing  that  he  grad.  H.  C.  1729,  though  he  was  styled 
"Mariner"  in  the  settlement  of  his  estate;  Hannah,  bap.  13  Feb.  1703-4; 
Mercy,  bap.  27  Jan.  1705-6  ;  Samuel,  bap.  28  Mar.  1708.  JOSEPH  the  f.  was 
a  carpenter,  res.  on  the  homestead,  and  d.  at  the  age  of  about  85;  his  son-in- 
law  Samuel  Larkin,  was  appointed  administrator  9  Ap.  1747. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Zechariah  (2),  m.  Rebecca  Champney  8  May  1721,  and  had 
Rebecca,  b.  17  Feb.  1721-2;  Ruth,  b.  19   Sept.  1723;  John,  b.  23   May  1725; 
Zechariah,  b.  25  Jan.  1727-8;  Samuel,  b.  28  Jan.  1728-9.     JOHN  the  f.  was 
a  carpenter,  and   purchased,    1727,  the   northerly  half  of  his  grandfather's 
homestead,  which  until  that  time  had  been  held  in  common  by  the  heirs.    He 
rem.  to  Sutton  before  29  July  1731,  at  which  date  he  sold  his  estate  to  Deac. 
Samuel  Whittemore,  his  brother-in-law,  who   in  December  of  the  same  year 
bought  the  remainder  of  the  old  homestead. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Elizabeth  Nutting  26  Ap.  1748,  and  had  Eliza- 
beth, b.  12  Dec.  1748,  d.  unm.  1841  or  1842  ;  John,b.  16  Oct.  1750;  Jonathan, 
b.  16   Nov.  1752,  grad.  H.   C.  1770,  a  physician,  regimental  surgeon  in  the 
Revolutionary  War,  and  d.  in  Demarara  15  Feb.  1826;  Zechariah,  b.  28  Feb. 
1755,  a  saddler,  res.  in  Boston,  d.  10  May  1842;  Sarah,  b.  20  Aug.  1757,  m. 
Timothy  Flagg   1780,  and  d.  25  May  1830  (she  was  mother  of  Sarah,  b.   9 
Dec.  1789,  m.  William  Saunders  8  June  1815,  d.  6  Nov.  1871;  also,  of  Eliza- 
beth N.,  b.  19  Jan.  1797,  m.  Jonas  Wyeth  8  Feb.  1820);  Samuel,  b.  17  Mar. 
1760;  Rebecca,  b.  17   Sept.    1762,  m.  -   —Hunt,  d.   1852;  James,  b.  7  May 

1765,  was  a  saddler  in  Bennington,  Vt.,  where  he  d. ;  he  is  said  also  to 

have  been  a  Judge;   William,  b.  11  Feb.  1767,  d.  in  Canada  1834;  Mary,  b. 

28    Sept.   1771,  m. Sawyer,   and  d.  in    Camb.   16   Dec.  1855  (she  was 

mother  of  Susan  H.,  who  m.  William  Bates,  and  d.  6  June  1875).     JOHN  the 
f.  in  1760  bought  the  estate  on  the  southerly  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  extend- 
ing from  Dunster  Street  to  Holyoke  Street,  which  passed  into  the  hands  of 
John   Foxcroft  in   1773.     He  was  one  of  the  earliest  martyrs  to  American 
liberty ;  he  was  slain  near  the  junction  of  North  Avenue  and  Spruce  Street, 
by  the  retreating  British  troops,  on  the  19th  of  April  1775;  his  w.  Elizabeth 
d.  here  and  was  buried  22  Dec.  1825,  a.  99. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  was  a  printer  in  Boston,  and  was  regarded  for  a 
time  as  a  whig;  but  in  1773  he  entered  into  partnership  with  Nathaniel  Mills 
in  the  publication  of  the  tory  Post  Boy.     The   sacrifice  of  his  father's  life 
did  not  induce  him  to  forsake  the  British;  he  went  with  the  army  to  Halifax, 
thence  to  England,  to  New  York,  and  to  Halifax  again;  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  he  bought  a  good  estate  at  Newton,  and  d.  there  s.  p.  1794,  making 
generous  provision  in  his  will  for  his  relatives,  especially  for  his  aged1  mother 
and  his  unm.  sister  Elizabeth. 

HILDRETH,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Hildred)  ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  15 
June  1644;  by  2d  w.  Elizabeth,  he  had  Elizabeth,  b.  21  Sept.  1646;  Sarah,  b. 
8  Aug.  1648,  m.  David  Stone  31  Dec.  1674.  RICHARD  the  f.  removed  to 
Chelmsford,  where  he  d.  about  1693,  leaving  w.  Elizabeth,  and  children  James, 
Ephraim,  and  others. 

HILL,  ABRAHAM,  was  an  early  inhabitant  of  that  part  of  Charlestown 
which  is  now  Maiden.  By  w.  Sarah,  he  had  Ruth,  b.  2  June,  1640;  Isaac, 
b.  29  Oct.  1641  ;  Abraham,  b.  1  Oct.  1643;  Sarah,b.  and  d.  Oct.  1649;  Mary, 
b.  May  1652;  Jacob,  b.  Mar.  1656-7;  and  probably  others.  ABRAHAM  the 
f.  d.  at  Maiden  13  Feb.  1669-70. 

2.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Abraham  (1),  in.  Hannah  Hayward  1666,  and  was  prob.  the 
same  who  had,  in  Camb.,  Sarah,  b.  5  Feb.  1677-8;  His  w.  Hannah  d.  25  Ap. 
1679,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Bicknall  12  Jan.  1679-80,  by  whom  he  had  Moses,  b. 
27  Sept.  1680.     ISAAC  the  f.  prob.  returned  to  Maiden,  where  Isaac  and  Sa- 
rah Hill  had  Abraham,  b.  22  Mar.  1687-8. 

3.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (1),  m.  Hannah  Stowe,  Oct.  1666,  and  had, 

in  Maiden,  Abraham,  b.  Aug.  1670;  Hannah,  who  ra. Jefts,  and  is  named 

in  her  father's  will;  and  in  Camb.,  Mary,  b.  10  Dec.  1678;   Sarah,  b.  25  July 
1681,  m.  Samuel  Jones  15  Mar.  1704;  Samuel,  b.  10  Sept.  1683;  Deborah,  b. 
26  Nor.  1685;  Prudence,  b.  24  Feb.  1687-8;  and  perhaps  others.     ABRAHAM, 

he  f.  d.  1713;  his  wid.  Hannah  survived. 


582  HILL. 

4.  JACOB,  s.  of  Abraham  (1),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Elder  John  Stone,  and 
had  Jacob;  Tabitha,  m.  William  Warland  3  Feb.  1701-2;  John,  b.  25  Sept. 
1684  ;   they  had    also,  Nathaniel  and  Abraham;   some  or  all   of  whom  were 
perhaps  b.  in  Maiden,  where  he   sold  an  estate  in  1683.      All  the  children 
before   named  were   living  in  1711,  and    named   in  a  conveyance   of  land. 
JACOB  the  f.  d.  12  Dec.  1690,  a.  nearly  34.     The  date  on  his  gravestone  is 
1689,  but  probably  wrong ;  for  his  Inventory  is  dated  20  Mar.  1690-1,  and 
his  wid.  Sarah  was  appointed  administratrix  7  Ap.  1691. 

5.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (3),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Abraham,  b.  about 
1694,  bap.  18  June  1697;  Deborah,  b.  25  Feb.  1696-7,  bap.   18  June  1697; 
Martha,  bap.  29  May  1698;  Zechariah,  b.  26  Ap.  1708;  and  perhaps  others. 
ABRAHAM  the  f.  res.  a  few  years  in  Chs.     He  d.  9  Mar.  1746,  a.  75;  his  w. 
Sarah  d.  30  Mar.  1752,  a.  79. 

6.  JACOB,   s.  of  Jacob  (4),  m.  Susanna  Hancock  29  Sept.   1714,  and  had 
Sarah,  bap.  17  Aug.  1715,  m.  Henry  Prentice  3d,  19  Aug.  1735,  and  d.  8  July 
1736;  Elizabeth,  bap.  8  Mar.  1718-19;  Mary,  bap.  4  Feb.  1721-2,  m.  Abraham 
Snow,   Chs.,  25  Mar.    1746,    and  d.   before   1768;   Margaret,   bap.    15   Mar. 
1723-4;  Elizabeth,  bap.  16  July  1727;  Sarah,  bap.  25  Aug.  1734,  m.  Nathaniel 
Kingsbury  4  Sept.  1755.     JACOB  the  f.  d.  Jan.  1768;  his  w.  Susanna  survived 
and  was  living  in  1770.     None  of  the  children  are  named,  as  living,  in  the 
father's  will,   5  Jan.  1768,   and  only  two  grandchildren,   Mary  and   Sarah, 
children  of  his  deceased  dau.  Mary  Snow. 

7.  JOHN,   s.  of  Jacob  (4),  m.   Anna  Remington  24  June  1708,  and  had 
Martha,  b.  22  Ap.  d.  25  July  1709;   Jacob,  b.  6  July  1710;  John,  b.  9  Mar. 
1711-12;     Jonathan,  b.  11  Dec.  1714;  Andrew,  b.  5  Jan.  1716-17,  d.  unm.  in 
the  alinshouse,  26   Feb.  1806;    Tabitha,  bap.    8   Mar.    1718-19,   m.  William 
Howe,  pub.  24  Aug.  1 744.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer,  and  res.  on  the 
Judge  Trowbridge   place,  on  the   northerly  side   of  Mount  Auburn  Street, 
between  Dunster  and  Holyoke  streets;  in  1717  he  sold  this  estate  to  Jonathan 
Remington,  and  removed  to  the   easterly  side  of  Brighton   Street,  between 
Mount  Auburn  Street  and  Harvard  Square ;   the  same  estate  was  recently 
owned  by  his  granddaughter,  Mrs.  Lydia  Fogg  of  Kensington,  N.  H. 

8.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Jacob  (4),  by  w.  Martha,  had  Gregory,  b.   14  June 
1724,  d.  prob.  unm.   21  Aug.  1778;  Martha,  b.   21  Mar.   1725-6,  d.  young; 
Martha,  b.  31  Mar.  1728,  d.  12  Nov.  1749;  and  at  Sudbury,  Daniel,  b.  1729; 
Sarah,  b.  1732,  prob.  the  same  who  d.   at  Menot.  22  Feb.   1815,  aged  83. 
NATHANIKL  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  bought  an  estate  on  the  northerly  side  of 
Holmes  Place  near  its  easterly  angle,  30  Nov.  1715,  which  he  sold  to  Francis 
Foxcroft  and  Thomas  Foxcroft  30  Jan.  1727-8,  and  removed  to  Sudbury  and 
afterwards  to  Menot.,  where  he  d.  28  May  1761,  a.  75;  his  w.  Martha  d.  18 
Nov.  1752. 

9.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Jacob  (4),  m.  Prudence,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Hancock,  18 
Dec.  1718,  and  had  Abraham,  b.  27  Sept.  1719,  grad.  H.  C.  1737,  settled  in 
the  ministry  at  Shutesbury  1742,  became  obnoxious  to  the  Sons  of  Liberty  on 
account  of  his  political  sentiments,  and  was  dismissed  in  1778;  he  d.  in  Oxford 
8  June  1788;  Prudence,  b.    13   Aug.   1721,  m.  Joseph  Clark  27  Mar.  1741; 
Mary,  b.  11  Nov.  1722,  m.  William  Codner,  25  Dec.  1745;  Abigail,  bap.  23 
Aug.  1724,  m.  Rev.  Stephen  Badger  20  Sept.  1753;  Elizabeth,  bap.  4  Sept. 
1726,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  bap.   26  Nov.   1727,   m.  Benjamin  Eustis  11  May 
1749,  and  d-  30  May  1775  (she  was  mother  of  Gov.  William  Eustis  who  was 
b.  here  10  June  1753);  Aaron,  bap.  3  May  1730;  Martha,  bap.  28  Nov.  1731, 
m.  William  Bell  9  Aug.  1767;  Sarah,  bap.  7  Oct.  1733,  m.  Rev.  Nathan  Fiske 
of  Brookfield  19  Oct.  1758;  Tabitha,  bap.  4  Jan.  1735-6;  Lucy,  bap.  16  Dec. 
1739,  d.  prob.  before  1754.     ABRAHAM  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  res.  at  the 
westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets,  near  the  spot  where  St.  John's 
Memorial  Church  now  stands;  this  estate,  which  he  bought  in  1713  of  Rev. 
Thomas  Blowers,  contained  four  acres  and  extended  to  the  Common,  including 
the  site  of  the  Shepard  Congregational  Church.     He  d.  27  Dec.  1754,  a.  66; 
his  w.  Prudence  d.  16  Jan.  1775,  a.  79. 

10.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (5),  m.  Mary  Grant,  and  d.  s.  p.  11  Feb. 


HILL.  583 

1723-4;  his   w.  Mary  m.  John  Butterfield   1    Mar.    1725-6,    and   Abraham 
Watson  4  Jan.  1750;  she  d.  about  March  1789. 

11.  ZKCHARIAH,  s.  of  Abraham  (5),  ra.  Rebecca  Cutter  10  Feb.  1731-2, 
and  had  Sarah,  bap.  15  Oct.  1732,  m.  William  Adams  14  June  1750;  Abra- 
ham, b.  about  1734;  Zechariah,  bap.  27  Mar.  1737;  John,  b.   11  Jan.  1738-9; 
Samuel,  b.  3  Mar.  1741;    William,  b.  8  Oct.  1743;  Rebecca,  b.  25  Sept.  1745, 
m.  John  Cutter  3d,  24  Jan.  1765;  Lydia,  b.  about  1747,  m.  George  Prentice 

21  June  1770;  Susanna,  bap.  4  Mar.  1749-50,  m.  Thomas  Francis  of  Medf. 
11  July  1771;  Mary,  bap.  7  June  1752,  m.  Stephen  Hall  4th,  12  July  1770; 
Deborah,  bap.  18  July  1756,  m.  Nehemiah  Cutter,  Jr.,  30  Oct.  1781.     ZECHA- 
RIAH, the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  11  Mar.  1768,  a.  60;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  1 
Feb.  1797,  a.  84. 

12.  JACOB,  s.  of  JOHN  (7),  m.  Sarah  Palmer  14  Sept.  1732,  and  had  Anna, 
bap.   24   Feb.   1733-4,   d.  young;  Jacob,  bap.   12   Sept.  1736;  Anna,  bap.  12 
Nov.  1738;  John,  bap.  30  Nov.  1740;   Elizabeth,  bap.   22  Aug.   1742;  Bethia, 
bap.   14  Oct.  1744;   m.   Rev.  Charles  Backus  of   Somers,  Conn.,  about  1775. 
JACOB  the  f.  res.  in  Watertown,  prob.  in  the  easterly  part,  now  embraced  in 
Cambridge.     His  w.  Sarah  administered  on  his  estate  5  Dec.  1 755. 

13.  JONATHAN,  son  of  JOHN  (7),  m.  Lydia  Cooper  10  Jan.  1763,  when 
advanced  in   life,  and  had  Jonathan  Cooper,  bap.  19  Aug.  1763,  grad.  H.  C. 
1784,  res.  in  Kensington,  N.  H.f  and  d.  1820;  Lydia,  bap.  13  Ap.  1766,  m.  Jere- 
miah Fogg  of  Kensingson,  N.  H.     JONATHAN  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  resided 
on  the  northerly  side  of  Linnaean  Street,  about  midway  between  North  Ave- 
nue and  Garden  Street.     He  d.  28  Ap.  1775,  a.  60;  and  the  homestead  was 
sold  by  his  children,  1783,  to  Deac.  Gideon  Frost. 

14.  DANIEL,  prob.  s.  of  Nathaniel  (8),  m.  Lydia  Locke  27  Aug.  1761,  res. 
in  Menot.,  and  d.  13  Feb.  1774,  leaving  six  children,  who  were  bap.  16  Ap. 
1775,  viz.,   Phebe,  m.  Joel  Winship    14   Nov.   1792;   Martha;  Daniel;  Na- 
thaniel: Lydia;  Deborah,  d.    10  Mar.   1791,   a.  23.     His  w.  Lydia  d.  7  Feb. 
1835,  a.  about  95. 

15.  AARON,  s.  of  Abraham  (9),  m.  Susanna  Tainter  of  Watertown  31  May 
1753,  and  had  Susanna,  bap.  28  Sept.  1755.  d.  young;  Aaron,  b.  about  1758; 
Susanna,  bap.   5  Oct.   1760,  d.   unm.  20  May  1830;    William,  bap.   17  Nov. 
1765,  grad.  H.  C.   1788,  d.  at  Tobago,  5  Aug.  1790.     AARON  the  f.  was  a 
mason,  and  inherited  the  homestead;  he  was  Selectman  1777,  1778,  1787,  1788, 
and  Deacon  of  the  Church  from  14  July  1772  until  he  d.  of  small-pox  16  Oct. 
1792,  a.  62.     His  w.  Susanna  d.  of  the  same  disease  2  Oct.  1792,  a.  63.    (Such 
are  the  dates  on  the  gravestones;  but   Dr.  Holmes,  on  the   Church  Record, 
gives  the  dates  eight  days  later.) 

16.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Zechariah  (11),  m.  Susanna  Wellington  17  Dec.  1757, 
and  had   Abraham,  b.   6   Dec.   1758;  Susanna,  bap.  13  July   1760,  m.  John 
Frost,  Jr.,  21  Nov.  1780;   Thomas,  bap.  27  June  1762,  d.  unm;  Rhoda,  bap.  8 
Jan.   1764,  m.   Samuel  Kent  20  June  1782,  and  d.  17  Jan.  1841;  Isaac,  bap. 
11  May  1766;   Cherry,  bap.  18  Oct.  1767,  m.  Gershom  Swan  4  Jan.  1787,  and 
d.  2  Oct.    1806;  Sarah,  bap.  2  July  1769,  m.   Thomas  Rand  of  Chs.  19  Dec. 
1786,  and  had  sons  Thomas,  Benjamin,  James,   Samuel,  William,  and  dau. 
Sarah,    m.    Nathaniel  Stone,    and  Susan  m.  Asa  Cutter.     ABRAHAM  the  f. 
res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  16  Dec.  1812,  a.   79.     A  guardian  was  appointed  for 
him  1789,  on  the  representation  of  his  brother  that  he  was  non  compos  mentis. 
He  was  probably  insane,  and  the  fearful  malady  was  inherited  by  several  of 
his  children  ;  Mrs.  Frost  and  Mrs.  Swan  were  insane  many  years  before  their 
death.     The  son  Thomas,  also,  especially  in  his  younger  life,  was  periodically 
deprived  of  reason,  and  subjected  to  confinement. 

17.  ZECHARIAH,  s.  of  Zechariah  (11),  m.  Rebecca  Wellington  of  Waltham 

22  Jan.  1757;  she  d.  16   Aug.  1770,  a.  35,  and  he  m.   Ruth   Robbins  9  May 
1771.     His  children  were  Rebecca,  b.  15  Ap.  1757;  Zechariah,  b.  8  June  1759, 
m.  Abigail  Blodgett  25  Mar.  1781,  and  d.  (suicide)  5  Mar.  1814;  Sarah,  b.  14 
Feb.  1761,  m.  Seth  Frost  20  Nov.  1781;  Betsey,  bap.  23  Jan.  1753,jn.  Jona- 
than Perry  29  June  1780;  Mary,  bap.  20  Jan.  1765:  Love,  bap.  17  Feb.  1767; 
Dorcas,  bap.   20  Aug.  1769,  m.  Samuel  Frost  15   Oct.   1789;  Ruth,  bap.    15 


584  HILL. 

Mar.  1772;  Lucy,  bap.  18  Dec.  1774;  William,  bap.  22  June  1777.  ZECHA- 
RIAH  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  11  Mar.  1812;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  21  Mar. 
1816,  a.  78. 

18.  JOHN,  s.  of  Zechariah  (11),  m.  Dorcas  Bowes  1  Aug.  1765,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  bap.  13  Ap.  1766,  m.  Samuel  Gowen  of  Medf.  26  Feb.  1793;  John, 
bap.  1  Mar.  1767,  d.  24  Nov.  1768;  Lucy,  bap.  22  May  1768;  Lydia,  bap.  17 
Sept.   1769,   d.  unm.  3   Sept.   1800;  John,  bap.    29   Ap.  1771;  Mary,  bap.  7 
June  1772,  d.  25  Aug.  1773;  David,  bap.  22  Aug.  1773,  m.  Betsey  Adams  13 
Sept.  1797;  Jonathan,  bap.  23   Oct.  1774;  a  son,  b.  9   and  d.   10  May  1776; 
Mary,  bap.   21   Dec.  1777,  d.  unm.  1  Oct.  1802;  Stephen,  bap.  18  July  1780. 
JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  was  killed  "  by  a  fall  from  his  market-cart," 
26  June  1798;  his  w.  Dorcas  d.  27  Dec.  1823,  a.  79. 

19.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Zechariah  (11),   m.  Martha  Bennett  of  Chs.  15  Oct. 
1765,  and  had  Samuel,  bap.  19  Oct.  1766,  d.  22  Aug.  1797;  Martha,  bap.  11 
Aug.   1768;  Rebecca,   bap.   19    May  1771;  Joseph,  bap.   11    Sept.  1774,  d.  26 
Aug.    1777  ;  Abigail,  bap.  29   Mar.  1778;  Joseph,  bap.  27   Aug.  1780,  d.   23 
Sept    1807.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res.   in  Menot.,   and   d.  15  Ap.  1782;  his  w. 
Martha  d.  30  Mar.  1820.  a.  78. 

20.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Zechariah  (11).  m.  Mercy  Perry  3  Oct.  1767,  and  had 
Mercy,  bap.  30  Oct.  1768,  d.  unm.  27  Feb.  1808;  William,  bap.  29  July  1770, 
m.  Mary  Bowman  4  Ap.  1802,  and  d.  8  July  1820  ;  James,  bap.  11  Ap.  1773, 
m.  Anna  Adams  11  Oct.  1796;  Benjamin,  bap.  13   Aug.  1775;  Anne,  bap.  19 
Oct.  1777,  d.  unm.   7  Jan.   1806;  Amos,  bap.   12  Dec.  1779;  Lydia.,  bap.  24 
Mar.  1782;  Sally,  bap.  29  Nov.  1789,  d.  unm.  22  Dec.  1808.     WILLIAM  the  f. 
res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  13  June  1815  ;  his  w.  Mercy  d.  31  July  1828,  a.  81. 

21.  AARON,    s.  of  Aaron   (15),   grad.  H.  C.    1776,  and  immediately  en- 
tered the  Revolutionary  Army,  in  which  he  served  about  a  year  and  a  half;  re- 
turned and  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Joshua  Brackett  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.; 
went  to  sea  as  surgeon,  and  was  twice  taken  prisoner.     He  afterwards  became 
a  merchant  in  Portsmouth,  but  being  unsuccessful  in  trade,  he  returned  to 
Camb.   about  1792.     He  inherited   the  homestead,   which  he  bequeathed  to 
his  children.     He  was  Selectman  twelve  years,  from  1795  to  1807,  Town  Clerk 
eight  years,  1798  to  1805,  Representative  four  or  five  years,  up  to  1800,  Sen- 
ator 1797,  and  from  1801  to  1808,  and  Member  of  the  Council  1810,  1811,  1824, 
1825.     He  was  appointed  Post-master  for  Boston  in  1808,  and  held  that  office 
.about  twenty  years,  after  which   he  once  more  returned  to  his  birth  place, 
and  here   spent  the  evening  of  his  days.     He.  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel 
Qnincy,  the  refugee  Solicitor-general  of  the  Province,  and  had,  at  Portsmouth, 
Sophia;   Harriet,  m.   Willard  Phillips,  Esq.,  3  Sept.  1838,  d.  16  Jan.  1856; 
Thomas  Quincy,  a  merchant,  d.  at  sea,  when  on  a  voyage  for  his  health,  1813, 
leaving  an  only  dau.,  Mary  Timmins  Quincy;   William,  b.  about  1790,  d.  here 
7  Aug.  1859,  a.  69  ;  and  in  Camb.,  Hannah  Brackett,  b.  5  Nov.  1793,  m.  Wil- 
lard Phillips,  Esq.,  12  June  1833,  and  d.  Feb.  1837  ;  Anna,  b.  24  Mar.  1797; 
Henry,  twin  with  Anna,  b.  24  Mar.  and  d.  5  Oct.  1797  ;  Susanna,  b.  9  Sept. 
1799,  m.  John  P.  Todd,  and  d.  s.  p.  11  Ap.  1869.     AARON  the  f.  d.  27  Nov. 
1830;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  15  Jan.  1839,  a.  76. 

22.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (16),  m.  Elizabeth  Robbins  9  May  1782,  and 
had  a  son,  b.  —  July  and  d.  15  Aug.  1782 ;  she  d.  18  June  1783,  a.  18,  and 
he  m.  Ruth  Blodgett  9  Sept.  1784.     His  residence  was  in  Menotomy. 

23.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Abraham  (16),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Walter  Russell,  and 
had  Isaac,  b.  6  April  1789,  a  printer  by  trade  and  a  very  active  and  prominent 
politician,  was  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  Senator  in  Congress,  and  sus- 
tained several  other  public   offices,  d.  22  Mar.  1851 ;    Walter,  b.  22  Feb.  1790. 
ISAAC  the  f.  removed  from  Menot.  to  Ashburnham. 

24.  JOSEPH,   s.  of  Joseph  of  Boston,  who  d.  1727,  m.  Priscilla,  dau.   of 
Daniel  Dana,  24  Aug.  1727,  and  had  Priscilla,  b.  about  1729,  d.  unm.  (in  the 
almshouse)  3  Oct.    1805;  Joseph,  bap.  19  July  1730,  d.  young;  Joseph,  bap. 
23  A|>.  1732;  Benjamin,  b.  about  1733  ;  Abiel,  bap.  (after  the  father's  death) 
21  May  1738.     JOSEPH  the  father  prob.  resided  a  few  years  in  Boston,  after 
1732,  where  he  owned  an  estate  near  Fort  Hill.     He  d.  about  1738,  and  hi  s 
w.  Priscilla  in.  Capt.  Samuel  Gookin  15  May  1740. 


HILL  —  HOLDEN.  585 

25.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (24),  was  a  tanner,  and  bought  of  Capt.  Samuel 
Gookin.  1754,  an   estate  on  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mount  Auburn 
streets.     He  prob.  d.  before  1765,  and  no  record  is  found  of  his  family. 

26.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Joseph  (24),  m.  Hannah  Manning  4  Feb.  1*761;  she 
d.  7  Jan.   1782,  a.  48,  and  he  m.  Mary  Winship  5  July  1782.     His  children 
were  Priscilla,  b.   31   July   1761;  prob.   Benjamin,  b."  about  1763,  m.   Patty 
Myrick   16   July   1786;  Joseph,  b.    16  Mar.   1766;  Hannah,  b.   8  Oct.    1768 
(probably  1767),  m.  Thomas  Cheney  22  Feb.  1787:  Edward,  b.  23  July  1769, 
m.  Anna  Hyde  6  Aug.   1795  ;  Henry,  bap.  3  Aug.  1783  ;  Man/,  bap.  13  Mar. 
1785;  George,  b.  16  Nov.  1787.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  res.  on  the  south  side  of 
the  river,  was  a  Tanner,  Deacon  of  the  Church  from   1791,  and  d.  16  Nov. 
1802,   a.   69.     His  w.   Mary  prob.   m.   Abraham   Randall  of   Stow   26   Mar. 
1805. 

27.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Benjamin  (26),  m.  Persis  Munroe  18  Nov.  1788,  and  had 
Sally,  b.  22  July  1789;  Joseph,  b.  9  Jan.   1793;  Priscilla,  b.  8  June  1796,  m. 
John  Warland  8  Sept.  1825;  Mary,  b.  28  Feb.  1798;  Martha,  b.  6  May  1800, 
m.  Luke  Moore  14  Oct.  1821.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and  resided  at  the 
westerly  corner  of  Holyoke  and  South  streets,   and  afterwards  at  the  S.  W. 
corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets  ;  he  d.  17  Dec.  1845,  a.  nearly  80. 

28.  SAMUEL,  parentage  not  known,  m.   Sarah  Cutler  24  Feb.  1764,  and 
had  Samuel,  b.  about  1765,  a  carpenter,  removed  to  Mason,  N.  II.,  where  he 
died  23  May  1813;   Ebenezer,  b.  31  Jan.  1766,  grad.  H.  C.  1786.  and  was  or- 
dained pastor  of  the  Church  in  Mason,  N.  H.,  3  Nov.  1790,  which  office  he 
sustained  for  more  than  sixty-three  years;  he  d.  20  May  1854.     SAMUEL  the 
f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  a  few 
rods  from  the  Common;  he  was  very  thriftless  and  improvident,  and  depended 
on  others  for  support.     He  d.    21  June  1798,  a.  about  66.     His  w.  Sarah  is 
reputed  to  have  been  an  excellent  woman,  who  by  her  industry  and  self-denial 
enabled   her  son  Ebenezer  to  obtain   a  good  education;  her  kindness  was  re- 
paid by  her  son,  who  received  her  into  his  family  and  provided  for  her  com- 
fort in  the  latter  years  of  her  life;  she  d.  30  Dec.  1808. 

29.  ALEXANDER  SEARS,  parentage  not  known,  grad.  H.  C.  1764,  and  res. 
here  a  few  years.     His  dau.  Rebecca  was  bap.  8  Ap.  1770. 

HANNAH,  m.  Andrew  Grover  7  Feb.  1673-4.  CHARLES,  m.  Sarah  Prentice 
15  Sept.  1757,  prob.  the  same  Sarah  who  d.  at  W.  Cambridge  22  Feb.  1815, 
a.  83.  THOMAS,  m.  Mary  Smith  18  June  1765.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Isaac  Clark 
4  June  1764.  REBECCA  m.  Samuel  Cutter,  Jr.,  29  Sept.  1780.  MARTHA,  in. 
John  Burbeck  1  Feb.  1 781 .  HANNAH,  m.  Jona.  Hearsey  8  July  1 792.  ISAAC, 
s.  of  Tabitha,  bap.  17  Feb.  1739-40.  ELIZABETH,  dau.  of'josiah,  bap.  at 
Menotomy  11  Sept.  1774. 

HINCKSON,  JOHN,  m.  Mary  Harrington  13  Ap.  1680. 

HOAR,  LEONARD,  grad.  H.  C.  1650,  and  three  years  afterwards  went  to 
England,  where  he  received  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge.  He  was  also  a  preacher  at  Wanstead  in  Essex,  and 
was  ejected  in  1662;  returned  to  New  England,  and  was  elected  30  July 
1672,  President  of  Harvard  College.  His  continuance  in  office  was  short  and 
unpleasant;  he  resigned  15  Mar.  1674-5,  and  d.  28  Nov.  1675,  a.  45.  He  was 
buried  a,t  Braintree,  now  Quincy,  by  the  side  of  his  mother  Joanna,  who  d. 
21  Dec.  1661.  President  Hoar  m.  in  England,  Bridgett,  dau.  of  Lord  Lisle, 
by  whom  he  had  Bridyett,  b.  13  Mar.  1672-3,  m.  at  London,  Rev.  Thomas 
Cotton  of  Peviston,  Yorkshire,  21  June  1689;  Tripkena,  b.  according  to  the 
Record  25  Mar.  1610,  but  manifestly  a  mistake,  d.  young.  After  Pres.  Hoar's 
death,  his  w.  Bridgett  m.  Hezekiah  Usher  of  Boston;  this  proved  to  be  an 
unfot-tunate  connection,  and  she  sailed  for  England  with  her  dau.  Bridgett 
12  July  1687,  and  probably  did  not  return  until  after  her  husband's  death 
in  1697;  she  d.  in  Boston  25  May  1723. 

HOLDEX,  RICHARD,  came  to  N.  Eng.  1634,  a.  25,  and  was  an  early  proprie- 
tor in  Watertown.  He  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Stephen  Fosdick  of  Charlestown, 

and  had  Stephen,  b.  19  July  1642;  Justinian,  b. 1644;  Martha,  b.  15  Jan. 

1645-6,  m.  Thomas  Boyden;  Samuel;  Mary,  m.  Thomas  Williams;  Sarah,  m. 


586  HOLDEN. 

Gershom  Swan  20  Dec.  1677;  Elizabeth;  Thomas;  John,  22  years  old  in  1679, 
as  stated  in  a  deposition,  all  living  and  named  in  a  conveyance  of  real  estate, 
25  July  1679,  but  perhaps  not  arranged  here  in  the  order  of  their  birth. 
RICHARD  the  f.  res.  at  different  times  at  Wat.,  Woburn,  Camb.,  Groton,  again 
at  Wat.,  and  finally  at  Groton  with  his  son  Stephen,  to  whom,  in  consideration 
of  his  future  maintenance,  he  conveyed  his  estate  23  Mar.  1691,  being  then 
aged,  infirm,  and  a  widower.  (Mid.  Deeds,  xii.  31.)  He  d.  1  Mar.  1696;  his 
w.  Martha  d.  in  Wat.  6  Dec.  1681. 

2.  JUSTINIAN,  came  to  New  England  1634  with  Richard  (1),  to  whom  he 
was  probably  brother.     About    1649  he  bought  land  in  Wat.,  the  conveyance, 
9  Nov.  1660,  reciting  that  the  purchase  was  made  "  about  eleven  years  ago;  " 
and  in  1653  he  bought  of  Nathaniel  Sparhawk's  Executors  289  acres  bounded 
S.  on  Fresh  Pond  and  E.  on  Alewife  River,  and  5  acres  bounded  S.  on  Fresh 
Pond  and  W.  on  Alewife  River.     In  a  deposition  1679  he  styles  himself  about 
66  years  old.     Elizabeth,  prob.  his   1st  w.,  d.  18  Mar.  1672-3;  he  m.  Mary, 
dau.  of  John  Rutter  of  Sudbury,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  28  Ap.  1674;  John,  b.  18 
July  1675  ;  Isaac,  b.  28  May  1677;  Mary,  b.  21  Mar.  1678-9  ;  Grace,  b.  13 
Aug.  1681  ;  Joseph,  b.  6  Sept.  1683  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  6  May  1686.     JUSTINIAN 
the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  d.  between  12  Aug.  and  6  Oct.  1691;  his  w.  Mary 
was  living  12  Nov.  1716.     It  appears  unlikely,  at  first  sight,  that  a  man  should 
raise  up  a  large  family  after  attaining  the  age  of  sixty  years.     But  the  pur- 
chases of  land  were  made  1649  and  1653,  before  any  son  of  Richard  or  Justin- 
ian was  of  age;  and  it  is  certain  that  the  same  land  was  bequeathed  by  Justin- 
ian to  his  children  in  1691.    It  is  probable  that  Justinian,  Sen.,  had  no  children 
by  his  first  wife,  and  that  after  her  death  he  m.  a  second  w.  much  younger 
than  himself. 

3.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  settled  in  Groton,  where  he  d.  about  1715. 
(Inv.  18  Nov.  1715.)     His  estate  was  divided  19  Mar.  1718-19,  to  wid.  Han- 
nah, and  chil.  John,  Stephen,  Nathaniel,  William,  Simon,  Jonathan,  Benjamin, 
Rachel,  Hannah,  and  Sarah.     His  widow's  dower  was  divided  to  the  same 
children,  30  Jan.  1737. 

4.  JUSTINIAN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  was  a  carpenter,  residing  here  with  w. 
Susanna,  to  whom  and  to  his  son  Thomas  Durren  he  gave  power  to  sell  land 
in  Woburn,  14  Dec.  1696.     He  had  by  w.  Mary,  in  Groton,  Mary,  b.  20  May 
1680,  and  by  w.  Susanna,  in  Billerica,  Susanna,  b.  16  Oct.  1694. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  by  w.  Anna,  had  in  Groton,  Anna,  b.  1  Mar. 
1682. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  purchased  land  in  Woburn  1679,  and  was  prob. 
the  same  whose  w.  Abigail  d.  there  22  May  1685,  and  who  m.  Sarah  Peirce 

19  June  1690. 

7.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Justinian  (2),  resided  on  the  homestead,  and  by  w.  Su- 
sanna, had  Lydia,  bap.  in  Wat.  8  Oct.  1699,  m.  Benjamin  Clark  of  Watertown 
8  May  1721;  Anna,  m.  John  Stratton;  Susanna,  bap.  in  Wat.  8  Oct.  1699,  m. 
Wm.  March  24  June  1734  ;   Samuel,  b.  29  Sept.  1701,  prob.  d.  young;  Mercy, 
b.  26  Mar.  1704,  prob.  d.  young;  Mary,  m.  Reuben  Farnsworth;  Abigail,  b. 
30  May  1710,  m.  Samuel  Jennison;    William,  b.  4  Mar.  1712-13;  Phineas,  b. 
12  May  1715.     They  are  all  named,  except  Samuel  and  Mercy,  in  a  petition 
to  the  Judge  of  Probate  1729".     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  about  1 726    (admin,  granted 

20  Feb.  1726-7);  his  w.  Susanna  survived. 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  Justinian  (2),  m.  Grace  Jennison  of  Wat.,  where  he  had 
John,  b.  5  June  1700;  Daniel,  b.  3  Ap.  1702;  Peter,  b.  1  Feb.  1704-5;  Grace, 
b.  3  July  1707;  Elizabeth,  b.  29  July  1709,  m.  Henry  Goddin  31  May  1728; 
Josiah,  b.  29  Jan.  1711-12;  Judith,  b.  3  July  1715.     JOHN  the  f.  subsequently 
res.  in  Sudbury,  and  in  Concord,  where  he  had  Jonas,  b.  1721. 

9.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Justinian  (2),  by  w.  Joanna,  had  Isaac,  b.  12  Nov.  1703, 
m.  Elizabeth  Cutting  of  Wat.  6   Oct.  1726;  Justinian;  Henry.     ISAAC  the  f . 
res.  on  the  homestead,  near  Fresh  Pond,  and  d.  8  Mar.  1772,  a.  nearly  95;  in 
his  will  he  named  the  three  children,  before  mentioned,  of  whom  only  Henry 
was  then  living. 

10.  JOSEPH,   s.  of  Justinian   (2),   m.   Abigail  Shattuck  at  Watertown   17 


HOLDEN  —  HOLLEY  —  HOLM  AN.          587 

Feb.  1714-15,  and  had  there  Joseph,  b.  31  Jan.  1715-16;  Stephen,  b.  21  Oct. 
1717;  Abigail,  b.  19  Oct.  1719;  Abner,  b.  6  May  1721;  prob.  2d  Abner,  b.  2 
Nov.  1722;  Jonathan,  b.  6  June  1725  ;  Elizabeth,  ban.  26  Ap.  1730.  JOSEPH 
the  f.  was  perhaps  the  same  who  m.  Elizabeth  Russell  of  Cainb.  11  June  1729. 
He  removed  to  Westminster  in  1737,  where  he  was  a  prominent  citizen,  and 
d.  30  Nov.  1 768. 

11.  SIMON,  s.  of  Stephen  (4),  was  here  as  early  as  1728,  and  by  w.  Abi- 
gail had  Elizabeth,  bap.  12   Sept.  1736,  d.  young;  Simon,  b.  6  Jan.  1737-8,  d. 
7  May  1752;  Elizabeth,  b.  1739;  Nathaniel,  bap.  1  Aug.  1742;  Abigail,  bap.  7 
Oct.  1744;   Charlex,  b.  19  June  1746,  d.  5  June  1768  ;  Thomas,b.  8  May  1749; 
Hannah,  b.  5  Aug.  1752;  Sarah,  b.  16  June  1757.     SIMON  the  f.  was  a  black- 
smith, and  res.  in  Menotomy. 

12.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Samuel  (7),  was  a  physician  and  surgeon;  he  res.  a 
few  years  in  Bridgewater,  and  afterwards  settled  in  Dorchester.     He  m.  Han- 
nah Beal  of  Hingham,  and  had  in  Bridgewater  Samuel,  b.  26  Nov.  1737;  Wil- 
liam, b.  30  Oct.  1739;  and  in  Dorchester,  Hannah,  b.  8  Jan.  1742;  Phineas, 
b.  31  Jan.  1744,  was  a  physician;  Jonathan,  b.  21  Dec.  1745;  Lydia,  b.  4  Nov. 
1749;  Mercy,  b.  4  Jan.  1752;  Abigail,  b.  24  Mar.  1757.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d. 
at  Dorchester  30  Mar.  1776.     His  posterity  survive  in  that  vicinity. 

13.  HKNRY,  s.  of  Isaac  (9),  m.  Sarah  Fuller  14  Oct.  1756,  and" had  Sarah, 
b.  13  Nov.  1757;  Enoch,  bap.  8  Dec.  1765;  and  perhaps  others.     HENUY  the 
f.  was  the  residuary  legatee  of  his  father,  and  possessed  the  homestead. 

14.  JAMES,  m.  Hannah  Adams  17  Feb.  1708-9,  and  had  Hannah,  bap.  18 
Dec.  1709;  James,  bap.  18  Nov.  1711. 

15.  JOSEPH,  m.  Sarah  Holden  24  Dec.  1778,  and  had  Hannah,  bap.  19 
Sept.  1779;  Isaac,  bap.  10  Dec.  1780;  Mary,  bap.  21  Ap.  1782;  Sally,  bap. 
6  Ap.  1783. 

16.  STEPHEN,  prob.  brother  of  Richard  (1)  ;  the  verdict  of  a  coroner's 
jury  is  among  the  Files  of  the  Middlesex  County  Court,  dated  12  Jan.  1658-9: 
"  We,  whose  names  are  subscribed  being  summoned  by  the  Constable  of  Cam- 
bridge to  view  the  dead  body  of  Steven  Holden,  lately  deceased,  we  saw  that 
his  skull  was  crushed  by  a  blow  which  (as  we  were  informed  by  Samuell  Wood 
and  Richard  Parke)  come  by  the  falling  of  a  tree  which  himself  had  been 
helping  to  fell,  and  as  he  was  going  from  it  the  tree  fell  suddenly  and  con- 
trary to  the  expectation  of  all  that  were  present,  and  gave  him  his  mortal 
wound  on  his  head.     Edward  Oakes,  Edward  Shepherd,  Jonas  Clarke,  Wil- 
liam Manning,  Tho.  Swoetman,   Thomas  Fox,   Walter  Hasting,  Rob.   Sted- 
man,  Gibert  Cragbon,  Thomas  Longhorne,  Humphry  Bradsha,  David  ffiske." 
No  further  trace  of  him  has  been  found. 

HOLLEY,  SAMUEL  (otherwise  written  Holye),  owned  a  house  and  18  acres 
of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  in  1639.  In  his  will  dated  22  Oct. 
1643,  he  mentioned  wife  and  son,  without  indicating  their  names.  His  w.  was 
Elizabeth,  and  she  m.  John  Kendall.  Perhaps  she  was  the  same  who  was  ex- 
ecuted upon  the  absurd  charge  of  witchcraft.  See  page  355. 

HOLMAN,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Homan,  Hoeman),  came  from 
Northampton,  Eng.,  to  Camb.  in  1634,  and  res.  on  the  corner  now  occupied 
by  the  Botanic  Garden.  By  his  w.  Winifred  he  had,  in  England,  Hannah, 
b.  1626;  Jeremiah,  b.  1628;  Mary,  b.  1630,  d.  unm.  1673;  Sarah,  b.  1632; 
Abraham,  b.  1634;  they  perhaps  had  also  in  Camb.  Isaac,  who  d.  12  An.  1663, 
and  Seeth,  b.  1640  (called  "  dau.  of  Mr.  Homan,"  by  Mitchell),  m.  Thomas 
Ross  16  Jan.  1661-2,  and  was  "  slain  by  the  Indian  enemy,"  at  Billerica,  5 
Aug.  1695,  a.  55.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  8  Jan.  1652-3,  a.  59,  his  w.  Winifred 
suffered  much  inconvenience  from  an  accusation  of  witchcraft,  1659  ;  but  the 
charge  against  her  was  not  sustained,  and  she  d.  in  peace  16  Oct.  1671,  a.  74. 
See  pp.  356-364. 

2.  JEREMIAH,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mehetabel,  b.  12  Nov. 
1667;  Jeremiah,  b.  29  Aug.  1670.  His  w.  d.  and  he  m.  Susanna.  By  one  or 
both  of  his  wives,  he  had  also  Abraham,  Abigail,  Deborah,  who  shared  his  es- 
tate, and  Sarah,  who  d.  21  Dec.  1679.  JEKKMIAH  the  f.  inherited  the  home- 
stead, and  d.  30  Nov.  1709;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  4  Dec.  1709. 


588  HOLM  AN —HOLMES  —  HOMWOOD. 

3.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  William  (1),  was  m.  before  1666,  but  seems  to  have 
had  no  children.      He  removed  to  Stow,  where  he  d.  between  14  Sept.  and  30 
Dec.  1711,  devising  his  estate  to  w.  Sarah,  to  Abraham  and  Jeremiah,  sons  of 
Jeremiah  Holman,  and  Abraham,  son  of  Timothy  Gipson;   about  six  months 
after  his  death,  his  wid.  Sarah,  having  "  grown   ancient,"  conveyed  her  es- 
tate to  Timothy  Gipson  of  Sudbury,  who  agreed  to  maintain  her  through  life. 

4.  JEREMIAH,  s.  of  Jeremiah  (2),  res.  in  Stow  1710,  when   he  sold  his 
father's  homestead  to  Solomon  Prentice.     He  subsequently  rem.  to  Lancaster, 
and  with  his  w.  Abigail  conveyed  land  to  his  son  Jeremiah  4  Feb.  1722-3. 

5.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Jeremiah  (2),  had  in  Camb.  Abraham,  bap.  15  Aug. 
1697;  Susanna,  bap.  1706.     He  rem.  to  Stow. 

HOLMKS,  ROBERT  (otherwise  written  Holme,  Homes),  was  an  early  inhabi- 
tant, and  by  w.  Jane,  had  Dorcas,  b.  —  Aug.  1638,  d.  1642;  John,  b.  —  Aug. 
1639  ;  Joseph,  b.  about  1641 ;  Elizabeth,  b.  2  Mar.  1643-4;  Mehetabel,  b.  16  Ap. 
1645,  bur.  14  Aug.  1645;  Sarah,  b.  13  Nov.  1646,  d.  7  Nov.  1654;  Ephraim, 
b.  8  Sept.  1647,  bur.  8  May  1648;  Samuel,  b.  3  Ap.  1653,  d.  18  June  1653. 
ROBERT  the  f.  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  not  far  from  Ap- 
pian  Way.  He  d.  1663;  his  w.  Jane  d.  28  Oct.  1653. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Robert  (1),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Thatcher  of  Water- 
town,   13   Sept.  1664,  and  had  John,  b.  23   Oct.  1665  ;  Hannah,  b.  25  June 
1667,  m.  George   Felt  before  1691;  Mary,  b.  21   May  1670,  prob.   d.  before 
1691.     JOHN  the  f.  inherited  a  part  of  the  homestead,  which  he  sold  to  his 
brother  Joseph  25  May  1675,  having  previously  rem.  to  Salem.     His  w.  Han- 
nah d.  here  24  May  1670. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Robert  (1),  appears  to  have  res.  in  Marlborough  previous 
to  1665,  when  he  sold  his  estate  there  to  John  Brown.     He  sold  his  share  of 
the  homestead  to  Christopher  Read,  and  bought  his  brother  John's  share  in 
1675.     He  was  here  in  1680,  but  had  rem.  to  Salem  as  early  as  1684.     We 
have  no  record  of  his  family. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (2),  res.  a  few  years  in  Boston,  but  d.  in  Wat.  unm. 
at  the  house  of  his  uncle  Samuel  Thatcher,  to  whom  he  gave  all  his  property 
by  will,  dated  15  Nov.  1688,  proved  16  June  1691.     His  father,  John  Holmes 
of  Salem,  and  his  sister  Hannah,  wife  of  George  Felt,  objected  to  this  disposi- 
tion of  the  estate,  and  an  amicable  settlement  was  made  31  Dec.  1691 ;  the 
father  took  the  real  estate  in  Camb. ,  Thatcher  took  other  property,  and  both 
paid  money  to  Hannah. 

5.  JOHN,  probably  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  d.  here,  and  his  son  Benjamin  of  Salem 
was  appointed  administrator  20  Jan.  1719-20.     By  a  release.  18  Feb.  1720-21, 
it  appears  that  Benjamin  was  the  only  son,  and  Sarah,  wife  of  Charles  John- 
son of  Marblehead,  was  one  of  the  daughters  of  JOHN.     Benjamin  sold  the 
Camb.  homestead  to  Andrew  Bordman  28  Ap.  1721. 

6.  ELISHA,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Lucy  had  Lucy,  b.   15  Mar. 
1763;  Mary,  b.  25  Mar.  1765. 

7.  ABIEL,  b.  at  Woodstock,  Conn.,  24  Dec.  1763;  grad.  Y.  C.  1783;  D.D. 
at  Edinburgh;  was  installed  Pastor  of  the   First  Church  25  Jan.   1792;  his 
pastoral  connection  with  the  church  was  dissolved  26   Sept.  1831.     His  first 
w.  Mary  was  dau.  of  Ezra  Stiles,  D.D.;  she  d.  29  Aug.  1795,  a.  28.     He  m. 
Sarah,  dau.  of  Oliver  Wendell,  Esq.,  of  Boston  (pub.  14  Feb.  1801),  and  had 
Mary  Jackson,  b.  17  Jan.  1802,  m.  Dr.  Usher  Parsons  of  Providence  23  Sept. 
1822;  Ann  Susan,  b.  15  May  1804,  m.  Rev.  Charles  W.  Upham  of  Salem  29 
Mar.  1826;  Sarah  Lathrop,  bap.  29  Dec.  1805,  d.  6  Nov.  1812;   Oliver  Wendell, 
b.  29  Aug.  1809,  grad.  H.  C.  1829,  a  distinguished  physician  and  poet,  res.  in 
Boston;  John,  bap.  12  Ap.  1812,  grad.  H.  C.  1832;  LL.B.  1839,  res.  in  Camb. 
Dr.  Holmes  was  eminent  as  a  theologian   and  historian.     His  Annals  are  a 
monument  of  patient  research  and  cautious  and  accurate  investigation.     His 
character  is  too  fresh  in  the  memory  of  the  living  to  require  a  delineation. 
He  d.  4  June  1837.     His  w.  Sarah  d.  19  Aug.  1862,  a.   93.     The  mansion- 
house,  venerable  for    its   age  and   the  historical    associations   which   cluster 
around  it,  still  stands  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holmes  Place. 

HOMWOOD,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Winifred,   had   Elizabeth,  b.  19  May   1644. 
Perhaps  this  may  be  the  same  as  Holman. 


HOOKER  — HOVEY.  589 

HOOKER,  THOMAS,  Rev.,  arrived  in  N.  Eng.  3  Sept.  1633,  and  settled  at 
Camb.  He  rem.  to  Hartford  July  1636,  and  d.  there  7  July  1647,  a.  61.  In 
his  will,  dated  7  July  1647,  he  named  his  w.  Susanna,  sons  John  and  Samuel, 
and  dau.  Joanna,  deceased  (w.  of  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard);  Mary,  deceased 
(w.  of  Rev.  Roger  Newton);  and  Sarah,  who  afterwards  m.  Rev.  John  Wil- 
son, Jr.,  of  Medfield.  The  character  of  Mr.  Hooker  has  deservedly  been  held 
in  reverence  in  N.  Eng.  He  was  considered  one  of  the  most  able  theologians 
of  his  day,  — equal,  and,  in  the  opinion  of  many  good  judges,  superior  to  his 
great  contemporary,  John  Cotton.  The  celebrated  Dr.  Ames*  said  of  him, 
"  That  though  he  had  been  acquainted  with  many  scholars,  of  divers  nations, 
yet  he  never  met  with  Mr.  Hooker's  equal,  either  for  preaching  or  for  disput- 
ing." (Mather's  Mag.)  While  in  Camb.  he  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of 
Harvard  Street,  nearly  opposite  to  Holyoke  Street,  on  the  site  afterwards 
owned  and  occupied  successively  by  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  Rev.  Jonathan 
Mitchell,  President  Leverett,  and  the  Professors  Wigglesworth,  father  and 
son ;  the  westerly  end  of  Boylston  Hall  stands  on  the  Hooker  house-lot. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  supposed  to  have  been  b.  in  Camb.  1635,  grad. 
H.  C.  1653,  settled  in  the  ministry  at  Farmington,  Conn.,  1661,  and  "con- 
tinued pastor  of  the  Church  till  his  death,  6  Nov.  1697."  He  had  eleven 
children,  from  whom  descended  a  numerous  race,  many  of  whom  have  been 
highl}'  distinguished. 

HOPKINS,  JOHN,  in  1635  res.  at  the  northwesterly  corner  of  Dunster  and 
Mount  Auburn  streets.  He  rem.  in  1636  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Select- 
man in  1640,  and  Juror  in  1643. 

HOSMER,  THOMAS,  in  1635  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  and 
in  1642  on  the  southerly  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  between  Brighton  and 
Spring  streets.  He  was  Selectman,  or  Townsman,  1635,  and  rem.  early  to 
Hartford. 

HOUGHTON,  ROBERT,  m.  Sarah  Phipeny  8  Sept.  1668. 

HOUSE,  or  HOWES,  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  John,  b.  6  Dec.  1642, 
and  d.  22  Ap.  1644.  It  is  supposed  that  he  came  here  from  Scituate,  and 
returned  there  after  a  few  years'  residence.  A  person  of  the  same  name  was 
in  Scituate  1634,  and  d.  there  1661,  leaving  chil.  Samuel,  Elizabeth,  and  per- 
haps others. 

HOVEY,  DANIEL,  was  in  Ipswich  1637,  and  had  Daniel,  b.  1642;  John; 
Thomas,  b.  1648;  James,  killed  by  the  Indians  at  Brookfield  1675;  Joseph; 
Nathaniel,  b.  20  Mar.  1657;  Abigail,  said  to  have  m.  Thomas  Hodgkins; 
Priscilla,  m.  John  Ayers.  DANIEL,  the  f.  d.  1692;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  1665. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Daniel  (1),  m.  Hannah  Pratt,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  1677; 
Ebenezer,  b.  1680,  m.  Elizabeth  Denny  at  Ipswich,  and  had  five  sons  and  three 
daughters;    Hannah,  b.  1682;  John,  b.  July  1684;    Caleb,  b.  1687;    Thomas. 
JOSEPH  the  f.  is  said  to  have  res.  several  years  in  Hadley,  where  perhaps 
most  or  all  of  his  children  were  born.     He  is  also  said  to  have  rem.  with  his 
family  to  Camb.;  or  perhaps  more  probably  to  Chs.,  whence  his  sons  came  to 
Camb.     He  d.  1739. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Marrett,  10  Dec.  1702, 
and  had  Joseph,  bap.   28  May  1704;  Hannah,  bap.  7  July  1706,  m.  Samuel 
Wheat  2  Aug.  1708;  Mary,  bap.  15  Aug.  1708;  Amos,  b.  26  Jan.  1710-11; 
Daniel,  bap.  24  Jan.  1713-14;  John,  bap.  2  Nov.  1718.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a 
cooper;  but  appears  to  have  connected  with  his  trade  the  business  of  an  inn- 
holder  for  a  few  years.     He  bought  of  the  Remington  heirs,  12  May  1705,  the 
"Blue  Anchor  Tavern,"  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn 
streets,  which  he  sold  1  Ap.  1709  to  his  brother  John.     In  1729  he  bought  a 
house  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  where 
he  d.  between  28  June  and  18  Nov.  1735;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Nathaniel  Parker 
of  Newton  27  Jan.  1636-7. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  by  w.  Abiel,  had  in  Chs.,  John,  b.  12  June  1707; 
Sarah,  b.   28  Feb.  1708-9;  and  in  Camb.,  Thomas,  b.  2  Sept.  1710,  a  phy- 
sician, d.  in  the  English  Factory,  River  Gambia,  Africa,  1732;  James,  D.  1 
Dec.  1712,  a  carpenter,  removed  to  Plymouth  about  1733,  is  said  to  have  been 


590  HOVEY. 

a  preacher  from  1742  to  1767,  and  afterwards  clerk  in  a  mercantile  house;  he 
m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  John  Atwood  of  Plymouth;  she  d.  23  Feb.  1771,  a.  56,  and 
he  d.  7  Jan.  1781  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  12  July  1714.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  baker,  but 
he  bought  of  his  brother  Joseph,  1  Ap.  1709,  the  "Blue  Anchor  Tavern," 
which  he  probably  kept  as  a  public  house  until  he  d.  13  Sept.  1714;  his  w. 
Abiel  m.  Edmund  Angier  9  Ap.  1717,  who  d.  4  Ap.  1724;  she  then  m.  Isaac 
Watson  27  Aug.  1725;  he  perished  in  the  conflagration  of  his  dwelling-house 
27  Feb.  1741-2,  and  she  d.  18  Sept.  1753,  a.  66. 

5.  CALEB,  s*.  of  Joseph  (2),  m.  Mary  Winchester  of  Brookline,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  11   Ap.   1714;   Abigail,   b.   20  Ap.   1716;   Caleb,  b.   21   Dec.    1717; 
Esther,  b.  10  June  1720;  Sarah,  b.  21  May  1722;  Josiah,   b.   4  May  1724, 
prob.  the   same  who  d.  at  Maiden,  and  whose  brother  Caleb  of  Newton  was 
appointed  administrator  14  July  1746.     CALEB  the  f.  d.  at  Newton,  and  his 
son  Caleb  was  appointed  administrator  3  Feb.  1745. 

6.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Mary  Tapley  30  Dec.  1736,  and  had  six 
children,  bap.  here:  Joseph,  30  Mar.   1740;   Margaret,   14  Oct.   1744;  Mary, 
26  Oct.  1747;  Daniel,  27  May  1750;  John,  30  Dec.  1753,  d.  young;  John,  15 
July  1659. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  grad.  H.  C.  1725;  was  several  years  engaged  in 
teaching  here  and  at  York,  Me.;  settled  in  the  ministry  at  Arundel,  Me., 
1741;  was  dismissed  176S,  and  d.   1773  or  1774.     He  m.  Elizabeth  Muzzey, 
who  d.  Dec.  1729,  aged  19;  he  afterwards   m.  Susanna  Swett  of  New  York, 
sister  to  the  w.  of  Rev.  Thomas   Prentice,  who  survived  him.     By  his  w.  Su- 
sanna, he  had  Susanna,  bap.  here  18  Sept.  1737;  John,  bap.   7  Jan.  1738-9. 
"  He  was  a  man  of  respectable  talents,  and,  to  judge  from  his  writings  that 
were  preserved  some  time  after  his  death,  of  good  acquirements.     He  wrote 
a  splendid  hand,  and  was  well  acquainted  with  business,  nearly  all  the  deeds 
and  contracts  of  the  day  being  drawn  up  by  him.     A  professorship  had  been 
offered  him   at   Cambridge  before  his  settlement."     "In  returning  from   a 
visit  in  Plymouth,  in  1774,  he  came  to  Biddeford  by  water,  and  lodged  at  the 
house  of  Col.  Richworth  Jordan.     After  having  been  in  his  chamber  for  some 
time  without  extinguishing  his  light,  some  of  the  family  entered   his  apart- 
ment, and  found  him  sitting  in  his  chair  partly  undressed,  apparently  having 
been  dead  some  considerable  time."     Bradbury's  Hist.  Kennebunk  Port. 

8.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph  Mason  of  Water- 
town,  7  Ap.  1737,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  14  Aug.  1740;  Elizabeth.     EBENEZER 
the  f.  d.  11  Ap.  1742,  a.  28. 

9.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (8),  m.  Elizabeth  Brown  21  Ap.  1763,  and  had 
in  Camb.  Josiah,  b.  24  Dec.  1763;  Mary,  b.  1  July  1765,  m.  Benjamin  Ham- 
mond, and  d.  19  Dec.  1846;  in  Roxbury,  Thomas,  b.   18  Aug.  1766;  James, 
b.  8  Feb.   1768;  in  Lunenburg,  Ebenezer,  b.  8  June  1769;  Phineas  Brown,  b. 
1  Nov.  1770;  Elizabeth,  b.  4  July  1772,  m.  John  Royal  Barlow  6   Sept.  1792, 
and  d.  30  Sept.  1850;  Stephen,  b.  23  June  1774,  fell  from  mast-head  and  was 
killed  25  Dec.  1796  ;  in  Cambridge,   Washington,  b.  26  Aug.  1777,  supposed  to 
have  perished  in  the  Richmond  Theatre  conflagration  1811  ;  another  account 
says  "  lost  at  sea;  "  Eleanor  Dana,  b.  23  Feb.  1779,  in.  Rev.  Abisha  Sampson, 
and  d.  at  Harvard  15  Feb.  1813;  John,  b.  23  Jan.  1781,  m.  Anna  Gardner  of 
Brookline,  had  son  John  G.  Hovey,  and  d.  11   Dec.  1853;  Sarah,  b.  26  Sept. 
1782,  m.  Washington   Lee,  and  d.    7  Jan.   1862;   Ann,   b.  3  Sept.  J 784,  m. 
Ephraim  Chamberlain;    William,  b.  4  Aug.  1786,  d.  May  1790;   Susan  Soden, 
b.  9  Ap.  1791,  in.  Elisha  Brimhall,  and  d.  9  Feb.  1824.     THOMAS  the  f.  was 
a   currier,    and    resided    successively    in    Cambridge    (Brighton),    Roxbury, 
Lunenburg,  and  Cambridge.     He  served  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  and  was 
styled  "Major"  in   the   record  of   his   election  as  Deacon  of  the  Brighton 
Church,  10  May  1791.     He  d.  at  Brighton  8  May  1807;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d. 
at  Rutland  14  Jan.  1821,  a.  75. 

10.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Thomas  (9),  m.  Isabella  Winship  31  Mar.  1789,  and  had 
Isabella,  b.  29  Dec.  1789,  m.  William  Leathe  4  July  1811,  and  d.  9  Aug.  1875. 
JOSIAH  the  f.  was  a  merchant,  and   innholder  in  early  life,  but  for  many 
years  cultivated  a  few  acres  in  Cambridgeport.     His  w.   Isabella  d.  24  Nov. 


HOVEY  —  HUBBARD.  591 

1821,  a.  52,  and  he  m.  Mrs.  Mary  Forbes  in  1822,  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Green- 
wood of  Boston  in  1838;  he  d.  29  Mar.  1847. 

11.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (9),  m.  Elizabeth  Seaver  22  Sept.  1793;  he 
was  a  blacksmith,  and  resided  near  the  easterly  corner  of  Main  and  Douglass 
streets  for  several  years  after   1801,  but  I  find   no  record  here  of  his  family. 
He  rem.  to  Newton  and  was  killed  by  a  load  of  lumber  passing  over  his  bodv 
19  Nov.  1829. 

12.  JAMES,  s.  of  Thomas  (9),  m.  Nancy  Wilson   11  Nov.   1794,  and  had 
William  B.,b.  3  Sept.   1795;  Abigail,  b.  27  July  1797;  Eleanor,  b.   5  Oct. 
1803,  d.  6  Oct.   1803;  Martha  T.,  b.  3  Oct.  1704,  m.  Horatio  N.  Glover  of 
Quincy;  Julia  A.,  b.  —  Feb.  1810,  m.  V.  D.  Cushman;  James  G.,  b.  —  Ap. 
1811,  m.  Harriet  Lincoln,  of  Boston,  who  d.  18  Feb.  1856  ;  he  was  a  merchant, 
resided  in  Camb.  a  few  years  before  his  death,  a  Member  of  the  Common  Coun- 
cil 1855,  1856,  Alderman   1857,  and  d.  28  Ap.   1857.     JAMKS  the  f.   d.   21 
Sept.   1831;  his  w.  Nancy  (otherwise  called  Ann)  d.  2  Dec.  18fi5,  a.  90. 

13.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Thomas  (9),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Nevinson  Greenwood 
of  Brighton,  28  Nov.  1799,  and  had  Ebenezer,  b.  24  Mar.  1801;  a  bacon  curer, 
Deacon  of  the  Broadway  Baptist  Church,  m.   Harriet  Scott  1823,  d.  25  Mar. 
1866;  Josiah,  b.  1  Nov.  1802,  d.  19  Sept.  1803;  Elizabeth,  b.   10  June   1804; 
Sarah,  b.  17  June  1806,  d.  1  Mar.  1807;  Eleanor,  b.  19  Nov.  1807,  m.  Lorenzo 
D.  Willis  11  June  1829,  d.  2  Feb.  1830;  Sarah  Ann,  b.  22  Feb.   1809,  d.  23 
Nov.  1830;  Freeman,  b.  1   Mar.   1811,  m.   Hannah   Stone  —  Dec.   1831,  and 
Sophronia  Walker  1838,  and  d.  28  Jan.  1843;  Susanna,  b.  23  Nov.  1812,  m. 
Nahum   Stone   1  Jan.  1832;  George,  b.  5  Aug.  1814,  d.  6  July  1863;   Thomas 
G.,  b.  23  Jan.   1816,  merchant,  m.  Ann  M.  Hoppin  4  Nov.   1841,  and  rem.  to 
Lex.  ;  Josiah,  b.  3  June  1819;  Stephen  D.,  b.  20  Mar.  1823,  d.  24  Feb.  1838. 
EBENEZEU  the  f.  res.  on  Main  Street,  nearly  opposite  to  Windsor  Street,  and 
d.  5  May  1831;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  27  June  1863,  a.  81. 

14.  PHINEAS  BROWN,  s.  of  Thomas  (9),  in.  Sarah  Stone  of  Newton,  and 
had  in  Watertown  Sally,  b.  10  Ap.  1795,  m.  Samuel  Foster  of  Greenwich    19 
Nov.  1817,  and  d.  10  Dec.   1819;  Eunice,  b.  31   May  1797,  m.  Isaac  Liver- 
more  of  Camb.  (pub.  5  Oct.  1822),  and  d.  11  June  1871;  Elizabeth  Brown,  b. 
17  Mar.  1799;  and  in  Cambridge  Phineas  Brown,\>.  3  Sept.  1803,  m.  Mary  L. 
Cooke  10  Nov.  1828;  Caroline,  b.  14   Ap.   1807;   Charles  Mason,   b.  26  Oct. 
1810,  m.  Ann  Maria  Chapouil  25  Dec.    1835;  Josiah  Dana,  b.  31  Mar.  1813, 
m.  Atlantic  Peirce  27  Dec.  1835.     PHINEAS  BROWN  the  f.  was  a  grocer  and 
resided  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Brookline  and   Green  streets,  on  an  estate 
purchased  14  Oct.  1799.     He  erected  a  store  on  the  northerly  end  of  the  lot, 
fronting  Main  Street,  which  is  still  standing  and  is  occupied  by  his  youngest 
son.     The  elder  sons  are  extensively  known  as  horticulturists.     Mr.  Hovey  d. 
19  Ap.  1852,  a.  81  ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  9  Dec.  1846,  a.  77. 

HUBBARD,  JAMES  (otherwise  written  Hubbert  and  Hubert),  m.  Sarah 
Winship  29  Sept.  1659;  she  d.  in  childbed  20  Oct.  1665,  and  he  m.  Hannah, 
dau.  of  Miles  Ives  of  Watertown,  8  Jan.  1667-8.  His  children  were  Sarah,  b. 
17  June  1662,  m.  Nicholas  Bowes  26  June  1684,  and  d.  26  Jan.  1688-9;  Mary, 
b.  20  Oct.  1665,  m.  Jason  Russell  27  May  1684.  JAMES  the  f.  was  prob.  son 
of  wid.  Elizabeth  Hubbard,  who  m.  William  Hamlet,  and  whose  children,  as 


and  the  inscription  on  her  tombstone  bears  testimony  to  her  faithful  perform- 
ance of  the  difficult  duties  of  a  step-mother.  "Here  lies  buried  Hannah 
Hubert,  the  loving  wife  of  James  Hubert,  a  tender  and  loving  mother  to  his 
children;  careful  of  their  souls  and  bodies,  loving  and  faithful,  diligent  and 
prudent;  who  departed  this  life  in  sweet  peace  the  24th  day  of  November  1690, 
aged  about  48." 

MARTHA,  m.  Noah  Champney  16  Oct.  1725.  MARTHA,  m.  Reuben  Pren- 
tice 1  Mar.  1757.  MARY,  m.  Thomas  Durant  25  Dec.  1758.  ELIZAIJKTH 
WILLIAMS,  dau.  of  William  and  Elizabeth,  b.  24  Dec.  1776.  BKNJAMIX,  d. 
12  Oct.  1797. 


592  HUDSON  — JACKSON. 

HUDSON,  GEORGE  (variously  written  Hodson,  Hutson,  Hodchen,  Huchen, 
Hntchens,  Hutchins),  by  w.  Jane,  had  Joseph,  b.  28  Dec.  1639  ;  Luke,  b.  6  Ap. 
1644;  Anna,  b.  30  Sept.  1645;  Abiah,  b.  3  Ap.  1648  ;  Barbara,  perhaps  a  dau., 
d.  14  Feb.  1640.  GEORGE  the  f.  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  South  Street, 
between  Dunster  and  Brighton  streets. 

2.  DANIEL,  a  mason,  rem.  here  from  Lancaster,  about  1672,  and  res.  on  the 
south  side  of  the  river.  After  a  few  years  he  returned  to  Lancaster,  where 
he  and  his  w.  Joanna  and  two  daughters  are  said  to  have  been  killed  by  the 
Indians  in  1697.  His  chil.,  as  gathered  from  his  will  and  the  division  of  his 
estate,  were  John  (dec.),  Nathaniel,  Daniel,  William,  Thomas,  Mary,  w.  of 
Thomas  Waters,  Sarah,  w.  of  Jacob  Waters,  and  Abigail,  w.  of  James 
Atherton. 

HUNT,  EDMUND,  was  one  of  the  first  company,  and  in  1635  res.  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  near  the  Botanic  Garden.  In  1636  he  sold  his 
estate  to  Joseph  Isaac,  after  which  his  name  disappears  from  the  Records. 
He  was  probably  the  same  who  was  in  Duxbury  1637.  See  Winsor's  Hist. 
Duxbury. 

2.  ISAAC,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Thomas,  b.  20  Aug. 
1701;  Samuel,  b.  11  Jan.  1709-10;  John,  b.  12  Feb.  1711-12. 

HYDE,  SAMUEL,  (otherwise  written  Hide,  and  by  himself  Hides),  "the 
second  settler  in  Camb.  village,  about  1640,"  by  w.  Temperance,  had  Samuel, 
named  in  his  will;  Joshua,  b.  14  Mar.  1642,  d.  21  Ap.  1656;  Job,  b.  1643; 
Sarah,  b.  19  Ap.  1644,  m.  Thos.  Woolson  20  Nov.  1660;  Elizabeth,  m.  Hum- 
phrey Osland  7  Mar.  1666-7.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  Deacon  of 
the  Church  in  Camb.  Village,  afterwards  Newton.  He  d.  14  Sept.  1689,  a. 
about  80,  as  noted  on  his  Inventory. 

2.  JONATHAN,  a  younger  brother  of  Samuel  (1),  m.  Mary  French;  she  d. 
in  childbed  27  May  1672,  a.  39,  and  he  m.  Mary  Rediat  of  Sudbury  8  Feb. 
1673-4.  His  children,  so  far  as  their  names  are  ascertained,  were  Jonathan, 
b.  1  Ap.  1651  ;  Samuel,  b.  23  May  1652,  m.  Hannah  Stedman  20  Jan.  1673; 
Joshua,  twin,  b.  23  May  1652,  d.  young;  Joshua,  b.  4  Ap.  1654,  d.  21  Ap. 
1656;  Jonathan,  b.  1  Ap.  1655  ;  John,  b.  6  Ap.  1656,  m.  Mary  Kendrick  20 
Jan.  1682;  Abraham,  b.  2  Mar.  1657-8,  d.  22  Feb.  1658-9;  Elizabeth,  b.  4 
Sept.  1659;  Daniel,  b.  2  Aug.  1661,  d.  3  Oct.  1661;  William,  b.  12  Sept.  1662, 
d.  8  Dec.  1699,  leaving  wid.  Elizabeth;  Eleazar,  bap.  3  July  1664;  Daniel,  b. 
1665  ;  Ichabod,  b.  22  Sept.  1668  ;  Joseph,  b.  27  May  1672;  Hannah,  b.  14  Oct. 
1677,  d.  10  May  1679;  Sarah,  b.  1  Ap.  1679;  Ruth,  b.  3  Oct.  1682,  d.  21  Dec. 
1682;  Isaac,  b.  31  Oct.  1685;  Jacob,  b.  9  Ap.  168-;  Lydia,  b.  1  Mar.  1689  ; 
Ann,  b.  28  Aug.  1692,  m.  Richard  Barnes  of  Marlborough.  JONATHAN  the 
f.  was  a  farmer,  and  res.  in  Newton ;  he  d.  1711,  and  his  second  w.  Mary  d. 
1708. 

The  posterity  of  these  two  brothers  is  as  the  sand  upon  the  sea  shore.  A 
large  genealogy  is  given  in  Jackson's  Hist,  of  Newton,  pp.  313-326.  The  elder 
family  has  among  its  Representatives  in  Cambridge,  Mr.  Edward  Hyde,  who 
holds  the  responsible  position  of  Treasurer  of  the  Cambridgeport  Savings 
Bank ;  and  the  younger  family  furnished  the  first  Mayor  of  the  young  City  of 
Newton,  —  Hon.  James  F.  C.  Hyde. 

ISAAC,  JOSEPH  (otherwise  written  Isaack,  Isaacke,  Isack,  Isacke,  Isak, 
Isaake),  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  opposite  to 
Winthrop  Square.  He  was  an  active  citizen,  being  one  of  the  Committee  to 
allot  lands,  Selectman,  and  Representative  in  1638.  He  d.  11  May  1642;  his 
w.  Elizabeth  survived. 

REBECCA,  a.  36,  came  to  N.  Eng.  1634. 

JACKSON,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Jacson,  Jacksone,  Jacksonne,  Jacke- 
sone),  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Brattle  Square.  He  was  Selectman  six 
years,  between  1636  and  1656,  and  Representative  nine  years,  between  1637 
and  1662.  Mr.  Jackson  had  no  children.  His  w.  Isabel  d.  12  Feb.  1661,  and 
he  m.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  Richard  Browne  of  Chs.  12  May  1662.  He  d.  be- 
tween 22  June  and  10  Oct.  1672,  a.  90;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  11  Jan.  1676-7. 
His  kinsman,  John  Jackson,  was  his  principal  legatee. 


JACKSON  — JOHNSON.  593 

2.  JOHN,  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  1635,  then  a.  40,  the  first  permanent  settler  of 
Camb.  Village  (now  Newton),  as  early  as  1639;  was  Deacon  of  the  Church, 
and  res.  a  short  distance  easterly  from  Angier's  Corner.     By  his  w.  Margaret 
he  had  John,  b.  in  England   1633,  and  d.  17  Oct.  1C 75;   Theoriosia,  in.  Noah 
VViswall  14  Dec.  1664,  and  Samuel  Newman  of  Rehoboth,  and  d.  about  1727; 
Mary,  m.  Samuel  Truesdale;  Grace;  Caleb,  b.  and  d.  1645:  Hannah,  b.   7 
June  1646,  m.  Elijah  Kenrick;  Abigail,  b.  14  Aug.  1647,  m.  Daniel  Preston; 
Margaret,  b.  20  June   1649,  m.  James   Trowbridge,  Sen.,  and  d.  1727;  Ed- 
ward, b.  14  Jan.  1650-51,  slain  by  the  Indians  at  Medfield  1676;  Ann;  Abra- 
ham, b.  14  Aug.  1655;  Deliverance,  b.  5  Nov.  1657;  Joshua,  b.  15  Sept.  1659; 
Isabel,  d.  1661;  Sarah,  b.  10  June  1662.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  1674,  a.  79;  his  w. 
Margaret  d.  1684,  a.  80.    • 

3.  EDWARD,  brother  to  John  (2),  came  from  Whitechapel  Parish,  London, 
and  settled  in  Camb.  Village  as  early  as  1643,  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  the 
street,  nearly  opposite  to  his  brother,  and  was  a  distinguished  citizen.     He  was 
Representative  fifteen  years,  between   1647  and  1676.     His  first  wife  having 
died  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  Newgate,  and  wid.  of  John  Oliver,  14  Mar. 
1648-9.     His  children  were  Jonathan,  a  merchant  in  Boston,  d.  1693;  Han- 
nah, m.  John  Ward,  and  d.  24  Ap.  1704,  a.  73;  Rebecca,  m.  Thomas  Prentice; 
Frances,  d.  5  Oct.  1648;  Sebas ;  Sarah,  b.  5  Jan.  1649-50,  m.  Rev.  Nehemiah 
Hobart  21  Mar.  1676-7,  and  d.  1711;  Edward,  b.  15  Dec.   1652;  Lydia,  b. 
1656,  m.  Joseph   Fuller   13   Feb.  1678-9,  and   d.   1726;  Elizabeth,  b.   28  Ap. 
1658,  m.  John  Prentice  28  June   1677,  and  Jonas  Bond;   Hannah,  b.  about 
1660,  m.  Nathaniel  Wilson,  and  d.  1690;  Ruth,  b.  15  Jan.  1664,  d.  unm.  1692. 
EDWARD  the  f.  d.    17  June  1681,  a.  79,  leaving  a   large  estate,  embracing 
about  1 700  acres  of  land,  some  portion  of  which  still  remains  in  possession  of 
his  descendants.      His   w.    Elizabeth  survived  twenty-eight  years,  and  was 
noted  for  her  usefulness,  especially  as  a  midwife;  she  d.  30  Sept.  1709,  a.  92. 
For  a  full  genealogy  of  the  families  of  Deacon  John  Jackson  and  his  brother 
Edward,  see  Jackson's  Hist,  of  Newton,  pp.  326-353.    "  It  is  a  remarkable  fact," 
says  the    historian,    "in  relation  to  these  two  brothers,  John  and  Edward 
Jackson,  that  while  Edward  had  but  three  sons  and  John  five,  there  are  mul- 
titudes of  Edward's   posterity,  who  bear  his  name,  and  only  five  of  John's. 
Forty-four  of  Edward's  descendants  were  in  the  Revolutionary  Army,  from 
Newton,  and  not  one  of  John's.     Now  (1854)  there  are  but  three  families  in 
town  of  Edward's  descendants,  that  bear  his  name."    (Pages  332,  333.)    I  in- 
sert here  a  single  family  of  the  older  branch:  — 

4.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  Biscoe  of  Wat., 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  8  Aug.  1680,  m.  Ephraim  Williams,  and  d.  before  1739, 
leaving  two  sons,  Ephraim,  a  distinguished  soldier,  and  the  founder  of  Williams 
College;  and  Thomas,  a  physician  in  Hatfield;  John,  b.  25  Ap.  1682;  Sarah, 
b.  21   Aug.  1684,  m.  Joseph  Fuller,  Jr.,  and  was  mother  of  Hon.  Abraham 
Fuller;  Margaret,  b.  1685,  m.  Henry  Bright;  Mary,  b.  2  Dec.  1686,  d.  young; 
Hannah,  m.  James  Trowbridge,  Jr.,  1712;  Mary,  b.  19  Jan.  1689,  m  Daniel 
Cook  —  Ap.  1722;  Abigail,  b.  21  Mar.  1690,  d.  young;  Abigail,  b.  1692,  d. 
26  Jan.  1703;  Abraham,  b.  12  Mar.  1793,  d.  young;  Thomas,  b.  6  Sept.  1694, 
d.  1713. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  or  grandson  to  a  brother  of  Richard  (1),  was  an  innholder,  and 
inherited  the  lands  of  Richard  on  Brattle  Street  and  elsewhere.     His  first  w. 
Sarah  d.  without  issue  15  Nov.  1700,  a.  50;  by  his  second  w.  Deborah,  he 
had  Samuel,  bap.  4  June  1699;  Fifield,  b.   8  Ap.  1702,   a  cabinet-maker  in 
Boston  1724;  John,  b.  12  Jan.  1703-4  ;  James,  b.  about  1706;  Xene,  b.  2  Ap. 
1708,  m.  Thomas  Robbins  24  Oct.  1737.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  26  Sept.  1709,  a.  64. 
His  w.  Deborah  survived. 

6.  EDWARD,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Susanna  Dana  2>  May,  1755, 
and  had  Samuel,  b.  2  Sept.  1759;  Mary,  bap.  30  Aug.  1761.     EDWARD  the  f. 
kept  a  tavern  in  the  centre  of  Brighton. 

JOHNSON,  MARMADUKE,  contracted  21   Ap.  1660  with  the  Society  for  the 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  New  England,  to  remove  forthwith  to  Boston, 
and  to  serve  for  three  years  in  printing  the  Indian  Bible  and  other  books,  under 
38 


594  JOHNSON. 

the  direction  of  said  Society,  and  of  Mr.  John  Eliot  and  Mr.  Green,  at  a  sal- 
ary of  £40  per  annum.  (Max.s.  Archives,  x.  205).  Agreeably  to  his  contract, 
he  entered  the  Cambridge  printing-office,  assisted  in  printing  the  first  edition 
of  the  Indian  Bible  which  was  completed  in  1663,  and  afterwards  assisted  in 
printing  other  books  for  about  ten  years.  The  current  of  his  life  did  not  run 
smoothly.  He  encountered  opposition  in  his  matrimonial  designs,  which  he 
resented  so  highly  as  to  bring  himself  within  the  grasp  of  the  law.  At  the 
Middlesex  County  Court,  April  1662,  "  Marmaduke  Johnson  being  presented 
by  the  Grand  Jury  of  this  County  in  Oct.  last,  for  obtaining  the  affections  of 
the  daughter  of  Ens.  Samuel  Greene,  without  the  knowledge  or  consent  of 
said  Samuel  Greene,  also  being  expressly  forbidden  her  society,  being  a  mar- 
ried man,  hath  often  endeavored  to  draw  her  into  his  society,  threatening  the 
death  of  any  other  that  should  make  suit  to  her,  —  the  said  Marmaduke  John- 
son, appearing  in  Court,  confessed  a  part  of  the  said  presentment,  and  denied 
the  other  part  thereof,  which  by  evidence  on  file  with  the  records  of  this 
Court  appeared  to  be  true;  the  Court,  on  hearing  the  case,  sentenced  the  said 
Johnson  to  pay,  as  a  fine  for  seeking  to  draw  away  the  affections  of  the  daugh- 
ter of  the  said  Samuel  Greene  without  his  consent,  five  pounds ;  and  for  his 
threatening  speeches,  to  give  security  for  the  peace  and  his  appearance  at  the 
next  Court  at  Charlestown,  in  case  he  abide  so  long  within  the  jurisdiction  of 
this  Colony  ;  and  for  his  presumptuous  and  wicked  attempt  of  marriage,  hav- 
ing, by  his  own  confession,  a  wife  in  England,  that  he  return  with  the  first 
opportunity  that  he  may  to  his  wife,  on  penalty  of  twenty  pounds,  to  be  for- 
feited and  paid  to  the  County  Treasurer;  and  to  pay  the  costs  of  the  Court." 
Instead  of  departing  from  the  country,  as  required  by  this  order  of  Court, 
Johnson  contracted  to  serve  the  society  another  year,  in  the  printing-office. 
He  was  accordingly  brought  before  the  County  Court  Oct.  1663,  and  com- 
pelled to  give  bonds  in  the  sum  of  £40,  to  "  depart  this  jurisdiction,  accord- 
ing to  the  order  of  the  Court,  within  six  weeks  time  next  ensuing,  or  by 
Christopher  Clark's  ship,  now  bound  for  England."  A  higher  authority  now 
interposed.  At  the  session  of  the  General  Court,  commencing  20  Oct.  1663, 
an  order  was  passed,  to  wit  :  "  Upon  perusal  of  the  Commissioners'  letter 
to  the  honorable  Corporation  in  England,  and  Mr.  Eliot's  motion,  touching 
Marmaduke  Johnson,  printer,  informing  that  the  said  Corporation  have  con- 
tracted with  the  said  Johnson  for  one  year,  expiring  10th  August  next ;  it  is 
hereby  ordered,  that  there  be  a  suspension  of  the  execution  of  an  order  of  the 
last  County  Court  of  Middlesex  for  one  year,  enjoining  the  said  Johnson  to 
return  to  England,  to  his  wife,  whom  he  allegeth  is  diseased  [deceased?],  and 
may  have  opportunity,  in  the  interval,  to  produce  full  certificate  thereof." 
Probably,  before  the  expiration  of  the  year,  Johnson  furnished  satisfactory 
evidence  that  his  wife  was  dead;  for  he  was  allowed  to  remain  and  to  continue 
the  business  of  printing,  without  molestation.  His  intention  to  marry  Greene's 
daughter,  however,  was  effectually  frustrated.  He  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of  Christo- 
pher Cane,  28  Ap.  1670,  by  whom  he  had  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Feb.  1671-2,  who 
prob.  d.  young.  He  resided  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Winthrop  and  Brighton 
streets  until  1674,  when  he  removed  to  Boston,  where  he  d.  25  Dec.  1674. 
His  w.  Ruth  d.  1676,  devising  her  estate,  by  will  dated  3  Ap.  1676,  to  her 
mother,  brothers,  and  sisters ;  a  conditional  bequest  was  made  to  her  brother 
Jonathan,  of  "  that  house  and  land  at  Camb.,  in  case  that  my  husband's  son 
(whom  I  never  saw)  come  not  to  demand  it,  and  let  it  be  kept  in  repair;  and 
in  case  he  come,  it  is  my  will  that  the  aforesaid  house  and  land  be  delivered 
to  him,  without  any  molestation  of  him  or  any  by  or  under  him."  Johnson's 
son  probably  never  came  to  New  England;  the  estate  remained  in  possession 
of  the  Cane  family  until  Sept.  1723,  when  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Judah 
Monis,  the  Hebrew  Preceptor. 

2.  JOHN,  by  w.  Mary,  had  John,  b.  17  Nov.  1662;  Thomas,  b.  12  Jan.  1664. 

3.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  John  (2),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  20  Jan.  1686-7; 
A  bit/ail,  b.  1 8  Sept.  1 703  ;  and  probably  others. 

THOMAS,  m.  Elizabeth  Green  8  Jan.  1682.     WILLIAM,  m.  Mary  Cook  18 
Feb.  1690-91.   HANNAH,  m.  John  Cooper  21  Oct.  1725.   MATTHEW,  m.  Eliza- 


JOHNSON  — KENRICK.  595 

beth  Prentice  9  May  1726.  JAMES,  m.  Margaret  Logan  4  Jan.  1738-9.  TABI- 
THA,  m.  Asa  Warren  1  Oct.  1747.  ESTHER,  m.  Jonathan  Cook  8  Nov.  1770. 
FREDERICK,  m.  Rhoda  Reed  16  Oct.  1783.  RUHAMAH,  m.  Joseph  Perry  11 
Ap.  1786.  REBECCA,  m.  Samuel  Hastings  14  June  1789.  ABIJAH,  m.  Betsey 
Whitney  19  Feb.  1797.  PHEBE,  m.  Benjamin  Barker  14  Jan.  1798.  JOSEPH. 
m.  Amy  Goodnow  23  May  1798.  JOSIAH,  Jr.,  m.  Betsey  Moore  10  Ap.  1800. 
JONES,  WILLIAM,  was  here  as  early  as  1635,  and  owned  a  house  in  the 
"  West  End,"  and  six  acres  on  the  northerly  side  of  Linnasan  Street,  which 
he  sold  to  Edward  Winship,  about  1638,  after  which  period  his  name  disap- 
pears from  the  Records.  The  hill,  however,  in  the  angle  of  Linnsean  Street 
and  North  Avenue,  crowned  by  what  was  afterwards  known  as  the  "  Gallows 
Lot,"  was  for  many  years  called  "  Jones's  Hill." 

2.  JOHN,  by  w.  Dorcas,  had  Samuel,  b.  8  Oct.  1648.     It  is  said  that  he 
rem.  to  Concord,  and  there  had  Ephrahn,  b.  1650;  Elizabeth;  Joseph,  b.  1654; 
John,  b.  1656;  Rebecca,  and  William.     He  d.  22  June  1673,  and  his  w.  Dorcas 
m.  William  Buss  of  Concord.     See  Farmer. 

3.  PHILIP,  in  1671  contracted  to  erect  "  a  sufficient  fence  of  stone,  of  four 
foot  high,"  from  Richard  Hassell's  farm  (on  the  west  side  of  Menotomy  River) 
to  Rocky  Meadow,  for  which  he  was  to  receive  land  in  payment.     No  Record 
is  found  of  his  family.    Ann  Gleason,  spinster,  administered  his  estate  26  Dec. 
1690. 

DORCAS,  perhaps  dau.  of  John  (2),  m.  Samuel  Stone  12  June  1679.  SAM- 
UEL, m.  Sarah  Hill  15  May  1704.  WILLIAM,  m.  Elizabeth  Ash  28  Mar.  1776. 
JAMES,  m.  Ruth  Fisk  1  Jan.  1778.  THADDEUS,  m.  Sarah  Horton  19  Oct. 
1789. 

JUDD,  THOMAS,  one  of  the  first  company,  was  here  in  1635,  and  res.  on 
the  northerly  side  of  Brattle  Street;  his  homestead  probably  embraced  the 
spot  where  the  Craigie  House  stands,  now  owned  by  Professor  Longfellow. 
He  rem.  with  Hooker  to  Hartford.  He  was  several  years  a  Deputy  or  Rep- 
resentative of  Hartford,  and  subsequently  of  Waterbury,  to  which  place  he 
removed.  He  was  great-grandfather  of  Rev.  Jonathan  Judd,  the  first  minis- 
ter of  Southampton,  Mass.,  of  whom  Sylvester  Judd,  Esq.,  of  Northampton, 
a  diligent  and  accurate  antiquarian,  was  grandson. 

KELSEY,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Kellsie),  was  here  in  1635,  and  res. 
at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Winthrop  and  Spring  streets.  He  rem.  to  Hartford 
with  Hooker.  "  After  his  decease,  his  widow  Bethia  m.  David  Phillips  of 
Milford.  The  town  of  Hartford,  in  1664,  offered  him  £10  to  remove  from 
Hartford  with  his  wife."  Hinman. 

KEMPSTER,  DANIEL,  in  1642  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of  the  Common,  near 
Appian  Way.  In  1644  he  bought  an  estate  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster 
Street,  about  one  hundred  feet  northerly  from  Mount  Auburn  Street,  where 
he  subsequently  resided.  A  few  months  before  his  death,  he  sold  this  estate 
to  Justinian  Holden.  He  was  a  carpenter,  and  d.  between  15  Oct.  1666  and 
2  Ap.  1667,  a.  about  80;  Abigail,  prob.  his  w.,  d.  22  Oct.  1657.  In  his  will, 
dated  27  Sept.  1665,  he  bequeaths  sundry  articles  to  his  cousin  Thomas  Moul- 
ton,  his  kinsman  Samuel  Andrew,  the  daughter  of  his  brother  John  Kempster, 
"  sometime  of  Needum,  England,  deceased,"  Anna,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Parke  of  Dunstable,  England,  and  Elder  Frost:  |'  and  the  residue  to  such 
as  shall  tender  me,  and  show  me  kindness,  in  my  sickness  and  old  age." 

KENDALL,  JOHN,  sold  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  8  Sept.  1646; 
according  to  the  Record,  "Edward  Jackson  bought  of  John  Kendall  and 
Elizabeth  his  wife,  one  dwelling-house,  late  Samuel  Hollyes,  together  with  an 
out-house  and  ten  acres  of  land."  His  w.  Elizabeth  was  widow  of  Samuel 
Holley ;  she  may  have  suffered  death  for  supposed  witchcraft.  See  page  355. 

2.  THOMAS,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Alary,  b.  28  Ap.  1711. 

KENRICK,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Kendrick,  Kenderick,  Kindrick,  and 
Kinnerick),  was  of  Boston  1639,  res.  for  a  time  at  Muddy  River  (now  Brook- 
line),  where  his  w.  Anna  d.  15  Nov.  1656,  and  in  1658  purchased  u  farm  south 
of  the  river  (now  Newton),  where  he  d.  29  Aug.  1686,  a.  82.  His  children, 
by  w.  Anna,  were  Hannah,  bap.  9  Feb.  1640,  d.  young;  John,  b.  3  Oct.  1641; 


596  KENRICK  —  KIDDER. 

Elijah,  bap.  21  Jan.  1644,  d.  young;  Elijah,  b.  18  Oct.  1645  ;  Hannah,  b.  20 
Mar.  1652,  m.  Jonathan  Metcalf  of  Dedham  10  Ap.  1674.  His  second  w. 
Judith  d.  at  Roxbury  23  Aug.  1687. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Esther,  had  Mercy,  b.  1  July  1673;  Grace, 
b.  10  Sept.  1674;  Maria,  b.  28  Jan.  1675-6;  Esther,  b.  25  Sept.  1677;  Sarah, 
b.  26  Feb.  1678-9;  Hannah,  b.  15  Dec.  1680;   Ann,  b.  4  Nov.  1682;  Abigail, 
b.  12  Nov.  1684;  Mary;  John,  b.  6  Jan.  1690;  Elizabeth,}).  9  Feb.  1693;  Caleb, 
b.  8  Mar.  1695;  Margaret,  b.  15  Jan.  1697.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Newton,  and 
d.  30  Sept.  1721 ;  his  w.  Esther  d.  1723,  a.  70. 

3.  ELIJAH,   s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  John  Jackson,  and  had 
Margaret,  b.  29  Jan.  1668-9;  Hannah,  b.  5  Aug.  1670;  Ann,  b.  3  July  1672; 
John,  b.  7  July  1675;  Elijah,  b.  11  May  1678;  Ebenezer,  b.  12  Feb.  1679-80; 
ELIJAH  the  f.  res.  in  Newton,  and  d.  24  Dec.  1680  ;  his  w.  Mary  m.  John 
Hyde  20  Jan.  1682-3,  and  d.  1  May  1737,  a.  91. 

KIDDER,  JAMES  (otherwise  written  Kiddar,  and  Skidder),  m.  Anna,  dau. 
of  Francis  Moore,  and  had  in  Camb.  Hannah,  b.  1  Mar.  1650-51,  m.  Na- 
thaniel Kettle,  Chs..  30  Ap.  1672;  Dorothy,  m.  Jonathan  Hyde,  Jr.,  6  May 
1673;  James,  b.  3  Jan.  1653-4;  John,  b.  about  1656;  Thomas,  b.  1  Mar. 
1657;  Nathaniel,  bap.  27  Feb.  1658-9;  and  in  Billerica,  Ephraim,  b.  31  Aug. 
1660;  Stephen,  b.  26  Nov.  1662;  Enoch,  b.  16  Sept.  1664;  Samuel,  b.  7  Jan. 
1665-6;  Sarah,  b.  1  June  1667,  m.  George  Brown  30  Jan.  1689-90;  Joseph, 
b.  30  Nov.  1670.  JAMES  the  f.  d.  16  Ap.  1676;  Anna  Kidder  of  Billerica, 
prob.  his  wid.,  m.  William  Underwood  of  Chelmsford  17  Mar.  1684-5. 

2.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Brown  23  Sept.  1678,  res.  in 
Billerica,   and   had  James,  b.   27   June   1679;    John,   b.    27  Jan.    1680-81; 
Joseph,  b.  21  Ap.  and  d.  30  July  1683;  Elizabeth,  b.  30  Mar.  1686  ;  d.  14  Ap. 
1703;  Hannah,  b.   27  Ap.  1689;  Samuel,  b.  22  May  1691,  d.  1692.     JAMES 
the  f.  d.  15  Dec.  1732  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  10  Aug.  1691. 

3.  JOHN,   s.  of  James   (1),  resided  at  Chelmsford,   where  he  m.  Lydia 
Parker  3  Sept.  1684,  and  had  Anna,  b.  12  Sept.  1685;  John,  b.  23  Dec.  1687; 
Thomas,  b.  13  Oct.  1690;  and  others. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  James  (1),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  at  Billerica,  Rebecca,  b. 
27  Ap.  1689  ;  and  probably  others. 

5.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  James  (1),  d.  unm.  at   Newton,  between  12   Dec. 
1690  and  7  Jan.  1690-91,  devising  his  estate  to  his  seven  brothers  and  three 
sisters,  then  living. 

6.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  James  (1),  m.  Rachel  Crosby  4  Aug.  1685,  and  had 
Joseph:  Ephraim,  b.  26  Ap.  1688;  Rachel,  b.  1   Ap.  1691;  Alice,  b.  8  Feb. 
1692 ;  Hannah  and  Dorothy,  twins,  b.  (at  Medf.)  2  Sept.  1696 ;  Thomas,  b.  3 
Aug.  1700;  Benjamin,  b.  3  Aug.  1702  ;  Richard,  b.  10  May  1705.     EPHRAIM 
the  f.  inherited  the  homestead  at  Billerica,  where  he  d.  25  Sept.  1724 ;  his  w. 
Rachel  d.  in  1721. 

7.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  James  (1),  by  w.   Mary,  had  Mary,b.  16  Oct.  1694; 
Stephen,  b.  17  June  1696,  d.  21  Jan.  1696-7;  Stephen,  b.  18  Oct.  1697;  Anna, 
b.  20  Dec.  1699,  d.   young;  Anna,  b.   27  July  1701;  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Sept. 
1703,  d.  of  small-pox  28  Jan.  1721-2;  Sarah,  b.  22  Ap.  1705;  Isaac,  b.  6  Nov. 
1707;  John,  b.  13  Feb.  1708-9;  Abigail,  b.  28  Jan.  1711-12.     STEPHEN  the 
f.  was  a  blacksmith,  res.  in  Chs.,  and  d.  1748;  his  w.  Mary  d.  of  small-pox  17 
Sept.  1722. 

8.  ENOCH,  s.  of  James  (1),  m.  Mary ;  she  d.  in  1742,  and  he  m.  Han- 
nah Danforth  4  June  1743.     His  chil.  were  Mary,  b.  14  Sept.   1693,  d.  same 
year;  Abigail,  b.  16  Dec.  1694;  Enoch,  b.  30  Dec.  1697  ;    William,  b.  5  Dec. 
1700,  d.  1702;  Francis,  b.  1  Oct.  1703;  Mary,  b.  26  Mar.  1707;   William,  b. 
13  Mar.  1710.     ENOCH  the  f.  res.  in  Billerica,  where  both  he  and  his  w.  Han- 
nah d.  in  1 752. 

9.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  James  (1),  res.  in  Camb.,  on  the  southerly  side  of  Spruce 
Street  (for  many  years  and  until  recently  known  as  Kidder's  Lane),  opposite 
Cedar  Street.     He  m.  Sarah  Griggs  23  Oct.  1689,  and  had  Sarah,  b.  17  Aug. 
1690,  m.   Samuel  Cooper,  29  Mar.  1720;  Francis,  b.  1692;  Samuel,  b.  1694, 
d.  14  Aug.  1718,  a.  "  about  24;  "  James,  bap.  3  Jan.  1696-7,  d.  31  Oct.  1714; 


KIDDER  —  LAMSON.  597 

Thomas,  bap.  18  Dec.  1698;  John,  b.  25  Nov.  1700,  was  a  cordwainer,  and  d. 
unm.  6  Mar.  1734-5;  Nathaniel,  b.  20  Nov.  1702;  Joseph,  b.  23  Mar.  1704-5, 
d.  23  Aug.  1725;  Mary,  b.  5  June  1707,  m.  Benjamin  Goddard  9  Dec.  1731; 
Hannah,  b.  5  Mar.  1708-9.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  maltster;  Deacon  of  the 
Church  six  years;  Selectman  four  years  between  1716  and  1721;  and  was  a 
useful  and  respected  citizen.  He  d.  4  July  1724,  a.  58;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  15 
Nov.  1738,  a.  72. 

10.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Samuel  (9),  m.  Mary  Prentice  13  Feb.  1717-18,  and 
had  Mary,  b.   16  Mar.  1718-19,  m.  Richard' Hunnewell,  pub.  26  May  1739; 
Samuel,  b.  21  June  1720,  m.  Mary  Tompson  20  Mar.  1744,  at  Medf.,  where 
he  prob.  resided ;  and  was  father  of  Deac.  Samuel  of  Medf.,  who  d.  16  Dec. 
1821,  a.  75;  James,  b.  12  Dec.  1721;  Francis,  bap.  26  Jan.  1723-4.     FRANCIS 
the  f.  resided  here,  and  d.  21  Jan.  1723-4,  a.  31;  his  w.  Mary  m.   Samuel 
Sprague  of  Stoneham,  and  was  living  7  Nov.  1741. 

11.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Samuel  (9),  m.  Lydia  Prentice  8  Ap.  1725,  and  had 
Lydia,  b.   19  Jan.   1725-6,  m.  Walter  Cooper  13  Mar.  1755;  Joseph,  b.  20 
Nov.  1727,  d.  unm.  and  his  f,  was  administrator  9  May  1752;  Solomon,  b.   5 
Feb.  1729-30;  Thomas,  b.  18  Jan.  1731-2;  Nathan,  b.  12  Feb.  1733-4,  grad. 
H.  C.  1755,  trader  at  Dover,  N.  H.,  d.  at  Havanna,  1761,  a.  27.     Tabitha, 
bap.   29   Aug.   1736,  in.   John  Bartlett  3   May  1759;    John,   bap.    18  Feb. 
1738-9;  Sarah,  bap.  21  June  1741;   Thomas,  bap.  29  Aug.  1742,  and  d.  young; 
Sarah,  bap.  16   Sept.   1744;  Benjamin,  bap.  30  Nov.  1746.     THOMAS  the  f. 
was  a  housewright ;  he  d.  before  Ap.  1792,  at  which  date  his  wid.  Lydia  d.  in 
Boston,  a.  88. 

12.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (9),  m.  Deborah  Bowman  17  Sept.  1741, 
and  had  Eunice,  b.  16  Aug.  1742,  m.  John  Ranslow  Sigourney  8  Nov.  1764; 
Nathaniel,  b.   10  Ap.   1747,  grad.  H.   C.  1767.  and  was  a  physician  at  New 
Market,  N.  H.,  where  he  d.  in  Dec.  1828;  Samuel,  b.  26  Sept.  1753.     NA- 
THANIEL the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  d.   28  Mar.  1789,  a.  86;  his  w.  Deborah 
d.  31  Mar.  1789,  a.  72;  and  they  were  buried  in  one  grave. 

13.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (11),  m.  Mary  Jackson  of  Newton  (pub.  6  Mar. 
1761)  and  had  Mary,  bap.  29  Dec.  1761;  Lydia,  bap.  11  Dec.  1763,  m.  Charles 
Frothingham  27  Sept.  1786;  Sarah,  bap.  29  Dec.  1765,  m.  Andrew  Lopez  19 
Nov.   1788;  Phebe,  bap.  1  Nov.   1767;  John,  b.  10  Sept.   1769,  prob.  d.  Ap. 
1810;   Tabitha,  b.  9  Ap.  1771;  Hannah,  b.  20  Ap.  1773;  Elizabeth,  b.  10  Mar. 
1775,  d.  6  Nov.  1776;  Elizabeth,  b.  26  Aug.  1778;  Rebecca,  b.  16  Aug.  1780, 
d.  unm.  7  Nov.   1854;   Thomas,  b.  20  May  1783,  d.  in  Boston  20  Jan.  1876. 
JOHN  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and  res.  near  the  southeasterly  corner  of  the  old 
Burial-ground,  where  the  church  of  the  First  Parish  now  stands.     He  d.  Nov. 
1793. 

14.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (12),  m.  Abigail  Winship  12  Nov.  1787,  and 
had  Samuel,  b.  7  Nov.  1791;   and  perhaps  others.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  July 
1832;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  Mar.  1830,' a.  78. 

KNIGHT,  JOHN,  sold  a  house  in  Camb.  to  Nicholas  Simpkins  20  Nov.  1637; 
and  about  1638,  to  Roger  Shaw,  a  house  near  the  junction  of  Bow  and  Arrow 
streets. 

RICHARD,  servant  of  John  Betts,  d.  about  1652.  MICHAEL  had  a  grant  of 
land,  1683. 

KNOWLES,  RICHARD,  by  w.  Ruth,  had  James,  b.  17  Nov.  1648. 

LAMSON,  BARNABAS  (otherwise  written  Lamsonn,  Lambson,  and  Lamp- 
sone),  was  a  Selectman  1636,  and  res.  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Holmes  Place. 
He  d.  about  1640  ;  his  w.  had  prob.  d.  previously.  By  a  nuncupative  will,  he 
ordered  that  his  estate  should  be  equally  divided  among  his  five  children, 
whom  he  commended  to  the  care  of  his  friends,  during  their  minority,  to  wit: 
"My  daughter  Mary  to  my  brother  Sparahak ;  to  my  brother  Isaack,  my 
daughter  Sarah;  my  son  Barnabey  to  my  brother  Parish;  my  daughter  Matha 
to  my  brother  Stone;  my  son  Joseph  to  my  brother  Bridge."  Joseph  was  stil 
livino-  in  the  family  of  Deacon  Bridge,  when  Mitchell  prepared  his  fragment  of 
a  Church  Record ;  and  he  may  have  been  the  father  of  Mary,  b.  about  1678, 
m.  James  Clark,  Jr.,  4  Nov.  1703,  and  d.  25  June  171 1,  a.  32. 


598  LAPPINWALL  —  LEVERETT 

LAPPINWALL,  MICHAEL,  by  w.  Isabel,  bad  Naomi,  b.  8  Nov.  1638. 

LATHAM,  GARY  (otherwise  written  Lathom,  Lathome,  Lathura,  and  La- 
tbrum),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Thomas,  b.  Nov.  1639;  Joseph.  He  res.  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Ash  Street.  He  sold  his  house  and  seven  acres  of  land  about 
1646,  and  rem.  to  New  London,  where  he  had  Elizabeth,  Jane,  Lydia,  and 
Hannah.  He  d.  1685. 

2.  ROBERT,  res.  in  the  family  of  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard  two  years,  pre- 
vious to  12  Nov.  1646.  He  afterwards  rem.  to  Bridgewater,  where  he  had  a 
family. 

LAWTON.  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Lorton),  by  w.  Mary,  had  John,  b.  10 
Jan.  1691. 

LEVERETT,  JOHN,  son  of  Hudson,  grandson  of  Governor  John,  and  great- 
grandson  of  Elder  Thomas  Leverett,  was  b.  in  Boston  2f)  Aug.  1662,  grad.  H. 
C.  1680,  and  received  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Divinity  1692,  being  the  first, 
together  with  his  classmate,  Rev.  William  Brattle,  on  whom  that  honor  was 
ever  bestowed  by  Harvard  College.  He  was  several  years  Tutor,  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Corporation;  Selectman  1699,  1700;  Representative  of  Cambridge 
1696,  1699,  and  1700;  Speaker  of  the  House  1700;  Member  of  the  Council 
1706;  Vice-judge  of  Admiralty;  Judge  of  Probate  from  30  Oct.  1702  to  1707; 
and  during  the  same  period,  1702-1707,  Justice  of  the  Superior  Court.  He 
was  elected  President  of  Harvard  College  28  Oct.  1707,  was  inaugurated  on 
the  14th  of  the  succeeding  January,  and  performed  the  duties  of  that  office 
with  distinguished  honor  to  himself  and  advantage  to  the  institution,  until  3 
May  1724,  when  he  was  found  dead  in  his  bed,  having  apparently  deceased 
without  a  struggle.1  He  was  highly  honored  and  respected  through  life,  and 
his  death  occasioned  a  general  lamentation.  For  a  more  extended  notice  of  his 
character,  see  Pres.  Quincy's  Hist,  of  the  University.  It  would  seem  that  his 

1  A  bill  for  professional  services  rendered  throw  any  light  on  the  cause  of  President 

by  Dr.  Henry  Hooper  (who  resided  at  the  Leverett's  death,  it  indicates  the  manner  of 

westerly  corner  of   Brattle    and   Appleton  medical  practice  a  hundred  and  fifty  years 

streets)  is  preserved   in  the  Library  of  the  ago:  — 
N.  Eng.  Hist.  Gen.  Society.    If  it  does  not 

"  Feb.        The  Estate  of  ye  Hon.bie  Mr.  John  Leverett  Dr. 
23d          Imps  visit  bleeding  &  dressing  his  armes  £Q.    4.  6 

1721-2       Visit  Ext?  dent.  &  dressing  another  ulcer  that  wanted  digestion  0.    4.  6 

to  Visit  &  dressing  boath  armes  0.     3.  0 

July  21      [Forty-seven  charges,  here  omitted,  amount  to]  6.  18.  0 

1722.        Two  visits  to  Boston  0.  10.  0 

Dressing  at  my  house  when  come  up  again  from  Boston  0.    2.  0 

He  went  to  Boston  &  stayed  yr  some  time,  and  by  reason  I  could  not 
attend  him  there  he  was  drest  at  Dr.  Boylstons  untill  about  the  20th 
April  he  come  up  agn  with  his  armes  very  much  excoriate  &  in- 
flamed I  dress  him  at  my  house  and  send  a  pott  of  ung1  with  him 
by  wch  in  a  short  time  the  inflamation  of  his  armes  and  hands  is 
decipated  and  almost  cicatrized 

About  wch  time  he  come  and  complaines  his  [sic]  is  sick  at  his  stoma: 
&  has  an  asthma  I  advise  him  to  ye  use  of  the  Elix?  pp*  &c.  by 
wch  he  is  restored  again  so  I  do  no  more  for  him  as  yett  charge  2.  0.  0 

the  6th  July  he  sent  for  me  to  apply  a  fomentation  to  his  leggs  yl  was 
much  tumefied  and  pitted  with  ye  touch  of  ones  fingr  which  fomen- 
tation with  stupes  I  continue  daily  to  apply  at  his  house  untill  ye 
15th  following  embrocating  with  a  camphorated  sp*  with  large  em- 
plasr"  O:  Diac:  Simp:  &  Rollers  Item  my  attend06  applying  the 
above  fomentation  &ca  from  ye  6th  July  untill  15th  ditto  &c.  2.  0.  0 

the  16th  he  goes  to  ye  mineral  spring  to  take  ye  waters  and  ye  17th  he 
comes  and  went  into  yc  salt  water  I  go  in  with  him  to  attend  him  & 
when  come  out  dress  "his  leggs  as  above,  and  doe  thus  sundry  times 
&  ye  216t  July  1722  I  visitt  at  his  house  &  dress  his  leggs  leave  plas- 
ter &  spread  for  sundry  dressings  by  which  means  he  gitts  well  and 
for  this  my  attend06  &ca  I  charge  1.  0.  0 

11.     9.  6 

Emboweling  5.    0.  0 

Errors  Excepted 

P  H.  HOOPER." 


LEVERETT  —  LONGHORN.  599 

appearance  was  very  dignified,  and  somewhat  more  haughty  than  would  be 
tolerated  in  these  days,  .since  it  has  been  discovered  that  all  men  are  born  free 
and  equal.  In  the  Library  of  the  Mass.  Hist.  Society  is  preserved  a  letter 
from  Nathaniel  Cotton,  a  member  of  the  Senior  Class  in  College  to  his  father, 
Rev.  Rowland  Cotton  of  Sandwich,  dated  6  Ap.  1717,  in  which  it  is  said: 
"  Our  two  Deacons  walk  on  each  side  of  the  President  with  their  hats  under 
their  arms,  when  consulting,  making  very  low  obeisance  to  him  when  they  take 
their  leave  of  him.  He  not  so  much  as  touches  his  hat,  or  takes  his  hand  out  of 
his  pocket,  which  is  taken  notice  of ;  and  indeed  is  ruler  of  the  Town  as  well 
as  College."  Pres.  Leverett  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street, 
nearly  opposite  to  Holyoke  Street,  which  was  the  former  residence  of  Hooker, 
Shepard,  and  Mitchell,  and  afterwards  of  the  Professors  Wigglesworth ;  con- 
nected with  his  homestead  were  about  seven  acres  of  land,  now  the  property 
of  Harvard  College.  He  in.  25  Nov.  1697  Margaret,  dau.  of  President  Rogers, 
granddau.  of  Gen.  Daniel  Denison,  and  wid.  of  Capt.  Thomas  Berry.  She  d. 
7  June  1720,  a.  54,  and  he  m.  5  Ap.  1722  Sarah,  wid.  of  William  Harris,  who 
survived  him,  and  in.  Hon.  John  Clark  of  Boston  15  July  1725,  after  whose 
death  she  contracted  a  fourth  marriage  6  May  1731,  becoming  the  wife  of  Rev. 
Benjamin  Column,  and  d.  24  Ap.  1744,  a.  71.  His  children,  all  by  his  first 
w.,  were  Margaret,  b.  30  Sept.  1G98,  d.  22  Nov.  1702;  Sarah,  b.  12  Nov. 
1700,  m.  Rev.  Edward  Wigglesworth  15  June  1726,  and  d.  9  Nov.  1727 ;  Mary, 
b.  29  Oct.  1701;  m.  Major  John  Denison  of  Ipswich  9  Ap.  1719,  and  Rev. 
Nathaniel  Rogers  of  Ipswich  25  Dec.  1728;  John,  b.  26  Sept.  1703,  d.  31  Oct. 
1704;  Payton,  b.  4  Aug.  1704,  d.  7  Dec.  1704;  Margaret,  b.  31  July  1705,  d. 
16  June  1716  ;  Anne,  b.  5  July  1708,  d.  30  July  1  708 ;  John,  b.  21  June  1711, 
d.  4  July  1711. 

RACHEL,  m.  Josiah  Dana  31  Oct.  1782.  SALLY,  m.  Oliver  Pratt  29  Sept. 
1788. 

LEWIS,  WILLIAM,  was  here  in  1635,  and  res.  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Win- 
throp  and  Holyoke  streets.  He  rem.  to  Hartford  with  Hooker's  company, 
and  thence  to  Farmington,  where  he  was  a  Sergeant  in  1649  ;  "  to  train  the 
men  there." 

LOCKWOOD,  EDMUND,  was  among  the  more  prominent  of  the  first  company 
of  inhabitants.  He  was  appointed  Constable  by  the  General  Court,  May 
1632;  and,  at  the  same  session,  it  was  "  ordered  that  there  should  be  two  of 
every  Plantation  appointed  to  confer  with  the  Court  about  raising  of  a  public 
stock;  Mr.  Lockwood  and  Mr.  Spencer  for  New  Town."  He  died  before  3 
March  1634-5,  when  the  Court  "  Ordered,  that  Ruth  Lockwood,  widow,  shall 
bring  all  the  writings  that  her  husband  left  in  her  hands  to  John  Haynes, 
Esq.,  and  Simon  Bradstreete,  on  the  third  day  of  the  next  week,  who  shall 
detain  the  same  in  their  hands  till  the  next  Court,  when  they  shall  be  disposed 
of  to  those  to  whom  they  belong."  It  is  not  improbable  that  Mr.  Lockwood 
removed  to  Wat.  before  his  death,  or  that  his  widow  removed  there  immedi- 
ately afterwards ;  for  by  an  order  of  Court  7  Ap.  1635,  "  It  is  referred  to  the 
Church  of  Watertown,  with  the  consent  of  Robert  Lockwood,  executor  of 
Edmund  Lockwood  dec.  to  dispose  of  the  children  and  estate  of  the  said  Ed- 
mund Lockwood  (given  to  them),  to  such  persons  as  they  think  meet,"  etc. 
Of  these  children,  only  one  name  appears  on  the  record  of  births,  viz.  John, 
b.  Nov.  1632. 

2.  ROBERT,  prob.  brother  of  Edmund  (1),  res.  in  Wat.  and  by  w.  Susan 
had  Jonathan,  b.  10  Sept.  1634;  Deborah,  b.  12  Oct.  1636;  Joseph,  b.  6  Aug. 
1638;  Daniel,  b.  21  Mar.  1640;  Ephraim,  b.  1  Dec.  1641  ;  Gershom,  b.  6  Sept. 
1643.  Hinman  says  ROBERT  the  f.  removed  to  Norwalk,  Conn.,  as  early  as 
1649. 

LONGHORN,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Longhorne  and  Langhorne),  was  a 
butcher  and  the  town  drummer.  In  1652  he  purchased  the  homestead  pre- 
viously owned  by  Simon  Crosby,  at  the  southerly  corner  of  Brattle  Street  and 
Brattle  Square,  where  he  probably  resided  during  the  remainder  of  his  life. 
He  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Bartholomew  Green,  about  1646,  and  had  Tlioni't*, 
b.  26  Au".  1647,  bur.  5  Ap.  1648;  Sarah,  b.  26  Feb.  1648-9;  Elizabeth,  b. 


600  LONGHORN  —  LUXFORD. 

about  1651 ;  Mary,  b.  5  Sept.  1653,  d.  27  Mar.  1654;  Mary,  b.  1  Mar.  1654-5; 
Samuel,  bap.  9  Dec.  1660,  d.  young;  Mercy,  bap.  11  May  1662,  d.  young;  Pa- 
tience, bap.  3  Ap.  1664,  d.  young.  THOMAS  the  f.  d.  6  May  1685,  "  aged 
about  68  years,"  according  to  his  epitaph ;  but  in  his  will,  dated  24  Ap.  1685, 
he  calls  himself  69  years  old,  and  names  wife  Sarah,  and  surviving  children 
Sarah,  Elizabeth,  and  Mary. 

BETHIA;  family  uncertain,  m.  Amos  Marrett  2  Nov.  1681. 

LOUD,  THOMAS.  His  name  does  not  appear  on  our  Records.  But  Hinman 
says  he  "  came  to  Hartford  from  Cambridge,  Mass.,  in  1636,  ....  and  was 
in  the  division  of  lands  at  Hartford  in  1639.  His  children  were  Thomas  [a 
surgeon],  Richard,  William,  Dorothy,  Robert,  John,  and  Amy.  He  is  the  an- 
cestor of  the  Lord  family  of  the  State." 

2.  RICHARD,  perhaps  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  in  1635  owned  "  one  shop,  with 
garden  plot,  about  half  a  rood,"  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount 
Auburn  streets.  He  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Constable  in  1642,  and 
Selectman  in  1744,.  "  He  was  a  man  of  great  energy,  and  an  original  settler. 
In  1657,  he  was  appointed  Captain  of  the  first  troop  of  horse  ever  raised  in 

the  Colony After  several  years  spent  in  Hartford  he  removed  to  New 

London,  where  he  died."  — Hinman. 

LOWDEN,  JOHN,  m.  Sarah  Stevenson  29  May  1682. 

LUXFORD,  JAMES,  was  an  early  inhabitant,  and  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of 
Holyoke  Street,  on  a  lot  which  he  sold  to  Mrs.  Glover  in  1639,  and  which 
became  the  site  of  the  famous  Old  School-house.  By  his  w.  Elizabeth,  he  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  Sept.  1637,  living  in  1658;  Reuben,  b.  Feb.  1639-40.  It  would 
seem  that  Luxford  left  a  wife  in  England,  and  during  her  life-time  iniqui- 
tously  contracted  a  second  marriage  here.  The  General  Court,  being  in- 
formed of  the  fact  shortly  before  the  second  child  was  born,  took  measures  to 
punish  the  guilty  and  protect  and  partially  indemnify  the  innocent.  Under 
date  of  3  Dec.  1639,  it  is  recorded  that  "James  Luxford  being  presented 
for  having  two  wives,  his  last  marriage  was  declared  void  or  a  nullity  thereof, 
and  to  be  divorced,  not  to  come  to  the  sight  of  her  whom  he  last  took,  and  he 
to  be  sent  away  for  England  by  the  first  opportunity ;  all  that  he  hath  is  ap- 
pointed to  her  whom  he  last  married,  for  her  and  her  children.  He  is  also 
fined  £100,  and  to  be  set  in  the  stocks  an  hour  upon  a  market  day,  after  the 
lecture  the  next  lecture  day  if  the  weather  permit;  or  else  the  next  lecture  day 
after."  Soon  afterwards,  he  appears  to  have  been  convicted  of  other  crimes ; 
for  13  May  1640,  "James  Luxford,  for  his  forgery,  lying,  and  other  foul 
offences,  was  censured  to  be  bound  to  the  whipping  post  till  the  lecture  from 
the  first  bell,  and  after  the  lecture  to  have  his  ears  cut  off ;  and  so  he  had  lib- 
erty to  depart  out  of  our  jurisdiction."  Very  probably  he  availed  himself  of 
the  liberty  granted,  and  with  mutilated  ears  departed  from  the  jurisdiction 
of  those  rulers  who  were  a  terror  to  evil  doers.  I  find  no  trace  of  him  here 
afterwards.1  His  wife  remained  here,  was  a  member  of  the  Church,  and  a 
recipient  of  its  bounty.  Her  name  appears  on  the  records  as  sister  Albon, 
Albone,  or  Olbon  I  conjecture  that  her  name  before  marriage  was  Olbon  or 
Albone  ;  that  she  resumed  it  for  herself  and  her  children  when  her  marriage 
was  annulled  by  the  Court;  and  that,  at  some  period  subsequent  to  1645 

(when  she  is  called  sister  Albone),  she  m. Cole  (perhaps  the  father  of 

Arthur  Cole),  and  died  before  1668.  This  conjecture  is  partly  founded  on 
the  fragment  of  a  Church  Record  commenced  by  Rev.  Mr.  Mitchell,  who  d. 
in  1668.  Under  the  name  of  John  Fezington  (Fessenden)  he  says:  "  In  his 
family  is  Reuben  Luxford,  alias  Olbon,  who,  together  with  his  sister  Elizabeth, 
were  baptized  in  this  church,  being  the  children  of  our  Sister  Olbon  (lately 
Cole),  now  deceased."  The  original  Record  was  thus  written ;  but  subse- 
quently the  words  —  "  Luxford  alias  "  —were  erased. 

1  An  unfaithful  steward  of  Governor  Win-  169.     More  than  a  dozen  suits  were  com- 

throp,  bearing  the  same  name,  perhaps  the  menced  against  him  in  Plymouth,   at  the 

same    person,  fled   to  Plymouth   before  10  court  holden  in  December.  1641.    Plym.  Col. 

Oct.  1640,  and  was  then  in  extreme  poverty  Rec.,  vii.  24-27. 
and  distress.     Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  xxxvi. 


LUXFORD-  MANNING.  601 

2.  REUBEN,  s.  of  James  (1),  resumed  the  name  Luxford,  and  m.  Margaret 

at  Lancaster  22  June  1669;  she  d.  31  Aug.  1691,  and  he  m.  Lydia . 

His  chil.  were  Margaret,  b.  27  July  1673,  m.  John  Pattin  13  Mar.  1700; 
Lydia,  m.  Philip  Goodwin  14  June  1694.  REUBEN  the  f.  res.  on  the  south- 
erly side  of  Brattle  Street,  near  Ash  Street  and  d.  3  May  1703;  his  w.  Lydia 
m.  Nathaniel  Billings  29  Mar.  1 709. 

MACKEY,  DANIKI,  (otherwise  written  Mackee  and  Makey),  by  w.  Sarah, 
had  Sarah,  b.  10  Jan.  1663;  Nathaniel,  b.  1  Oct.  1665;  Daniel,  b.  17  Aug. 
1670;  Mary,  b.  17  Oct.  1672,  d.  young;  Mary,  b.  25  Sept.  1673;  Jacob,  b.  14 
Mar.  1675;'  Hannah,  b.  29  Mar.  1677;  Ebenezer,  b.  20  Ap.  1680. 

MACOONK,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Maccoon,  Maccoone,  and  Mackoon), 
in.  Deborah  Bush  8  Nov.  1656;  she  d.  20  Feb.  1664,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Wood 
14  June  1665.  His  chil.  were  Hannah,  b.  31  Oct.  1659;  Deborah,  b.  31  Dec. 
1661;  Elizabeth,  b.  31  Jan.  1662,  d.  30  Jan.  1663;  Sarah,  b.  15  Feb.  16C3; 
John,  b.  14  June  1666;  Daniel,  b.  18  Feb.  1668;  Elizabeth,  b.  17  Jan.  1669; 
Margaret,  b.  20  Feb.  1671;  Peter,  b.  21  Feb.  1673.  JOHN  the  f.  resided  on 
the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  was  living  in  1676. 

MERCY,  m.  Samuel  Foster  of  Boxford  2  Sept.  1703. 

MAN,  WILLIAM  (or  Mann),  m.  Alice  Teel  11  June  1657,  and  d.  before 
1.  Ap.  1662.  In  his  will,  dated  10  Dec.  1661,  he  names  his  wife,  and  an  only 
son  Samuel,  by  a  former  marriage.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  here  as-  early  as 
1635,  and  res.  on  the  road  leading  to  the  Fresh  Pond.  Before  1642  he  pur- 
chased a  house  and  land  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  the  Com- 
mon, where  he  subsequently  resided. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  b.  6  July  1647,  grad.  H.  C.  1665,  and  taught 
school  for  a  time  in  Dedham.  About  1670  he  commenced  preaching  at  Wren- 
tham,  where  a  few  families  were  settled.  They  were  scattered  during  Philip's 
War.  Soon  afterwards  they  returned,  and  Mr.  Mann  recommenced  his  labors. 
He  continued  in  the  ministry  until  22  May  1719,  when  he  died.  His  posterity 
is  very  numerous. 

HEZEKIAH,  grad.  H.  C.  1731,  d.  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Palmer  5  Aug.  1739, 
and  was  buried  from  the  College  Hall. 

MANNING,  WILLIAM,  was  an  early  inhabitant  and  ancestor  of  a  family  once 
numerous  here  and  not  yet  extinct  in  the  female  line.  About  the  year  1638 
he  purchased  of  George  Stocking  an  estate  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Mount 
Auburn  and  Holyoke  streets.  He  appears  to  have  been  living  in  Oct.  1650, 
when  his  wife  Susanna  died;  but  I  find  no  trace  of  him  afterwards. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  and  apparently  the  only  child  of  William  (1),  inherited  the 
homestead,  and  was  a  prominent  citizen.     He  was  a  merchant,  somewhat  con- 
cerned in  navigation,  and  owned  a  warehouse  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Dun- 
ster  and   South  streets,  to  which  boats  had  free  access  by  the  canal.     He  d. 
14  Mar.   1690-91,  a.  76  ;  his  w.  Dorothy  d.  26  July  1692,  a.  80.     Their  chil. 
were  Hannah,  b.  21  June  1642,  m.  Samuel  Stearns  of  Wat.,  1662;  Samuel,  b. 
21  July  1644;  Sarah,  b.  28  Jan.  1645-6,  m.  Joseph  Bull;  Abigail,  b.  15  Jan. 
1647-8,  d.  10  May   1648;  John,  b.  31   Mar.    1649,  d.  of  small-pox   25  Nov. 
1678,  prob.  unm.;  Mary,  birth  not  recorded,  but  named  on  the  Church  Record 

and  in  the  division  of  her  father's  estate,  m.  Adams,  and  d.  before  1692, 

leaving  a  son  Eliphalet.      Timothy,  prob.  of  the  same  family,  d.  8  Nov.  1653. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William   (2),  rem.  early  to  Billerica,  where  he  subse- 
quently resided,  was  Representative  in  1695  and  1696,  Town  Clerk  six  years, 
and  d.  22  Feb.  1710-11.     By  his  first  wife,  Elizabeth  Stearns  of  Watertown, 
whom  he  m.  13  Ap.  1664,  he  had  Samuel,  birth  not  recorded,  and  John,  b.  30 
Aug.  1666.     By  his  second  wife,  Abiah  Wright,  whom  he  m.  6  May  1673,  he 
had  Timothy,  b.  4  Feb.  1673-4,  d.  12  Mar.  1673-4;  Hannah,  b.  28  Mar.  1675, 
m.  Ebene/er  King  of  Watertown   7  Dec.  1699;    William,  b.  27  June  1677; 
Mary,  b.  2  Sept.  1679;  Surah,1  b.  26  Aug.  1681,  m.  Samuel  Robinson  of  Camb. 

1  Her  son,  Samuel  Robinson,  born  in  Cam-  ton.  Vt.,  went  to  England  as  agent  for  the 

bridge  4  April  1707,  removed  to  Hardwick,  settlers  on  the  New  Hampshire   grants   in 

and  was  a  Captain  in  the  French  War,  1756  their  controversy  with  New  York,  and  died 

-1763;  he  afterwards  removed  to  Benning-  at  London,  of  small-pox,  iu  1767,  leaving  a 


602  MANNING. 

23  Mar.  1703-4,  and  d.  19  July  1709;  Dorothy,  b.  27  June  1683;  Isaac,  b.  15 
Ap.  1685;  Ephraim,\).  11  Sept.  1686;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  Mar.  1690-91  ;  Timothy, 
b.  4  Mar.  1692-3  ;  Eliphalet;  Abiah. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  was  styled  "  waterman,"  and  rem.  from  Bil- 
lerica  to  Camb.  about  1692.     In  1698  his  father  conveyed  to  him  the  ware- 
house, boat-house,  and  wharf  rights  (which  he  had  inherited),  at  the  south- 
west corner  of   Dunster  and    South  streets,  and  a  house  and  land  on  the 
southeast  corner.     A  part  of  this  estate  he  sold  to  Jonathan  Remington  in 
1720,  and  before  1724  rem.  to  Windham,  Conn.,  where  he  was  living  in  1744. 
By  his  wife  Deborah,  he  had  Dorothy,  b.  17  Jan.  1688-9;  Samuel,  b.  14  Jan. 
1690-91  ;   Edward;  John,  bap.  17  Jan.   1696-7;  Abigail,  bap.  14   May  1699, 

m.  Jabez  Carter  27  June  1723;  Elizabeth,  b.  21  Nov.  1701,  m. Bingham; 

Mary,  b.  17  Mar.  1703-4,  m. Case;  Joseph  (prob.  grad.  at  H.  C.  1730), 

was  a  physician  in  Woburn,  where  he  d.  in  1745.     By  his  will,  dated  29  Oct. 
1744,  he   seems  to  have  left  neither  wife  nor  children,  as  he  gives  his  whole 
property  to  his  father  Samuel,  his  brothers  Edward  and  John,  and  his  sisters 
Abigail,  Elizabeth,  and  Mary. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  was  a  carpenter.     In   1709  he  purchased  of 
Richard  Proctor  an  estate  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between 
Mount  Auburn  and  Winthrop  streets,  on  or  near  which  the  first  meeting-house 
in  Cambridge  was  erected.     He  d.  3  Feb.  1718-19.     By  his  wife  Sarah,  he 
had  John;  Edward,  bap.  27  Mar.  1698  ;  William,  b.  21  May  1700  ;  Samuel,  b. 
20  Ap.  1703;  Benjamin,  b.  10  Mar.  1704-5,  res.  in  Billerica  1748,  and  prob. 
the  same  who  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deacon  William  French;  Sarah,  b.  27  Mar. 
1708,  and  was  living  unmarried  in  1732. 

6.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  William  Eager,  8  April 
1708,   and  had   Isaac,  b.   13  Jan.   1708-9;  Margaret,  b.  25   Sept.    1710,  m. 
Daniel  Barrett  10  Nov.  1737  ;    William,  b.  24  Oct.  1712  ;   Thomax,  b.  16  Aug. 
1714,  and  d.   16  Nov.   1714;  Daniel,  b.   5  Feb.    1715-16;    Sarah,  b.  7   Feb.- 
1717-18;  Hannah,  b.  25  Dec.  1719,  m.  James  Lanman  25  July  1743;   Thomas, 
b.  19  Jan.  1722-3. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (4),  was  styled  "  waterman,"  and  sometimes  "cord- 
wainer."     He  rem.  to  Hopkinton  as  early  as  1725.     By  his  wife  Abigail,  dau. 
of  Joseph  Winship,  he  had  in  Camb.  Joseph,  b.  15  July  1718;  John,  b.  10  July 
1720;  Sarah,  b.  2  Jan.  1721-2;  Samuel,  bap.  10  Nov.  1723. 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  was  a  carpenter.     He  m.  Rebecca  Winship  6  June 
1728,  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  20  Ap.  1729 ;  John,  bap.  12  Dec.  1731 ;  Esther,  bap. 
5  Jan.  1 734-5. 

9.  EDWARD,  s.  of  John  (5),  was  a  chair  maker.     By  purchasing  the  rights 
of  the  other  heirs,  he  became  owner  of  the  homestead  on   Dunster   Street, 
where  he  d.  6  June  1774.     By  his  wife  Mary,  he  had  Mary,  b.  26  May  1720, 
m.  Stephen   Randall  29   Mar.  1753;  Elizabeth,  b.  18  Jan.   1721-2,  and  d.  26 
Jan.  1731-2;   Edward,  b.  26  Mar.  1724  ;  John,  b.  3   Dec.    1725;   Mercy,  b.  4 
Aug.  1727,  and  d.  24  Jan.   1731-2;  James,  b.   16  May  1729,  and  d.  1  Feb. 
1731-2  ;  Benjamin,  b.  15  Oct.  1730  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  5  June  1732,  and  d.  1  Oct. 
1733  ;  Hannah,  b.  20  Mar.  1733-4,  m.  Benjamin  Hill  4  Feb.  1761;  Mercy,  b. 
19  Nov.  1735,  m.  Samuel  Woods  of  Roxbury  26  Feb.  1756;  Abigail,  bap.  3 
Dec.  1738,  and  d.  28  July  1739. 

10.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  John  (5),  was  a  cordwainer.     In  1725  he  purchased  an 
estate  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Winthrop  and  Brighton  streets,  where  he  d. 
17  Sept.  1778.     His  wife  Mary  d.  15  May  1774,  a.   74.     Their  children  were 
William,  b.  19  Sept.  1722,  and  d.  young;   Thomas,  b.  8  May  1727;  Samuel,  b. 
26  Aug.  1729;  Joseph,  b.  26  Jan.  1730-31;  Mary,  b.  19  Feb.  1732-3,  m.  John 
Warland  26  Sept.  1754;  after  his  death,  she  m.  William  Darling  19  May  1763, 

large  family  all  born  in  Hardwick.     Two  of  Senator  in  Congress,  for  the  same  State, 

his    sons  were   particularly  distinguished  :  Another  son,  Samuel,  served  as  Adjutant  in 

Moses,  who  was  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  the  French  War,  commanded  a  company  in 

Court,  Senator  in  Congress,  and  Governor  the  Bennington  Battle,  and  became  Colonel 

of  Vermont ;  and  Jonathan,  who  was  also  of  a  regiment  of  militia. 
Chief  Justice  of  the   Supreme  Court,  and 


MANNING  — MARKH  AM  — MARRETT.  603 

whom  she  survived,  and  d.  22  May  1817;  William,  b.  11  May  1755;  Sarah,  b. 
29  Nov.  1737,  m.  John  Barrows  of  Plymouth  (afterwards  of  Dighton),  and 

was  living  in  1806;  Rebecca,  b.  17  Ap.  1740,  m. Pratt,  and  d.  19  June 

1774,  leaving  an  only  child  Rebecca;  Ebenezer,  b.  8  May  1743,  grad.  at  H.  C. 
1766,  taught  school  in  Greenland,  N.  H.,  and  d.  26  Sept.  1801. 

11.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (9),  m.  Patience  Day  of  Boston  4  Dec.  1746, 
and  had  Margaret,  b.  27  Sept.  1747. 

12.  JOHN,  s.  of  Edward  (9),  was  a  chair-maker,  and  inherited  the  home- 
stead on  Dunster  Street.     In  1794,  having  lost  his  reason,  his  guardian  sold 
the  estate  for  his  benefit.    Unable  by  reason  of  mental  and  physical  imbecility 
to  maintain  himself,  he  became  an  inmate  of  the  almshouse  where  he  d.  17 
Ap.  1814,  aged  88.     I  think  he  was  never  married. 

13.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William   (10),  was   a  cordwainer,  and   inherited   his 
father's  homestead.     He  d.  2  Ap.   1824,  a.   94  years  and  7  months.     He  m. 
Mary  Woods  1777,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  28  May  1778.    His  w.  d.  15  Oct.  1788, 
a.  50;  and  he  m.  Sarah  Woods  29  Dec.  1791;  she  d.  16  April  1812,  a.  72. 

14.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  William  (10),  grad.  at  H.  C.  1751;  was  a  clergyman,  and 
chaplain  in  the  Continental  Army;  res.  for  a  time  in  Providence;  was  of  Bath, 
Me.,  in  1806,  and  d.  in  1808,  a.  77.     He  had  several  children;  one  of  whom 
was  the  late  William  Manning,  who,  having  been  a  printer  for  nearly  or  quite 
half  a  century,  and  subsequently  Messenger  to  the  Governor  and  Council  of 
the  Commonwealth,  spent  the  last  few  years  of  a  cheerful  old  age  with  his 
affectionate  family  in  this  city,  and  d.  25  July  1849,  a.  82.     His  descendants 


are  numerous.1 

15.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (10),  was  a  cordwainer,  and  resided  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Harvard  Square,  on  an  estate  which  he  purchased  in  1778, 
and  which  after  his  death  was  sold  to  Harvard  College.    He  m.  Rebecca  Oliver 
26  Nov.  1772,  and  d.  10  Dec.  1804,  a.  69.     She  d.  13  Ap.  1821,  a.  81.     Their 
children  were  Rebecca,  b.  7  Sept.  1774,  and  d.  21  Sept.  1774;  William,  b.  4 
Nov.  1775,  and  d.  22  Sept.  1777. 

16.  SAMUEL,  s.  and  only  child  of  Samuel  (13),  grad.  at  H.  C.  1797,  was  a 
physician,  and  res.  principally  in  Lancaster.     He  returned  to  Camb.  in  1821, 
and  d.  in   Oct.  1822.     His  first  wife  was  Lucy  Cogswell,  by   whom  he  had 
Samuel,  grad.  at  H.  C.  1822,  res.  in  Baltimore,  and  d.  16   May  1857;  Mary 
W.,  m.  Dr.  A.  B.  Cleaveland  of  Baltimore;  William, a  physician  in  Michigan; 
Rebecca,  deceased;  Joseph  and  Charles,  both  of  Baltimore.     His  second  wife 
was  Elizabeth  B.,  dau.  of  Thomas  Warland,   and  widow  of  Rev.  John  L. 
Abbott,  to  whom  he  was  m.  20  Mar.  1822,  a  few  months  before  his  decease. 
She  still  resides  in  Cambridge. 

MARKHAM,  DANIEL,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Francis  Whitmore,  3  Nov.  1669, 
and  had  Daniel,  b.  1  Nov.  1671;  Elizabeth,  b.  13  July  1673;  James,  b.  16 
Mar.  1674-5. 

MARRETT,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Marritt,  Maritt,  Mariott,  and  Mary-  ' 
ott),  came  early  to  Camb.  and  in  1638  purchased  the  estate  at  the  N.  E.  cor- 
ner of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn  streets.  He  had  previously  owned  a  lot 
on  the  northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street  extending  northerly  to  Gore  Hall, 
which  was  long  afterwards  known  as  the  "  Fellows'  Orchard."  He  was  by 
occupation  a  shoemaker,  but  a  prominent  citizen.  He  is  supposed  to  have 
been  the  first  elected  Deacon  of  Shepard's  Church,  organized  in  1636,  and 
was  a  Selectman  six  years,  from  1639  to  1647.  His  children,  by  w.  Susanna, 
all  prob.  b.  in  England,  were  Abigail,  m.  Daniel  Fisher  of  Dedham  17  Nov. 
1641;  Susanna,  m.  George  Barstow  of  Scituate,  and  d.  here  11  Ap.  1654; 
John;  Thomas;  Hannah,  d.  unm.  9  Dec.  1668.  THOMAS  the  f.  d.  30  June 
1664,  a.  75.  In  his  will,  dated  15  Oct.  1663,  he  names  as  then  living,  his 
w.  Susanna;  children  John,  Thomas,  Abigail,  Hannah;  and  grandchildren, 
Lydia,  Amos,  John,  and  Jeremiah  Fisher;  Thomas,  Amos,  Susanna,  and  John 
Marrett,  and  the  children  (George  and  Margaret)  of  George  Barstow,  dec. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Abigail  Richardson  20  June  1654,  and  had 

1  Among  the  children  of  William  Manning  Hon.  J.  M.  S.  Williams,  and  Mr.  Henry  R. 
are  the  wives  of  Hon.  Henry  0.  Houghton,  Glover,  all  residing  in  Cambridge. 


604  MARKETT. 

Thomas,  b.  15  Dec.  1656,  killed  by  the  Indians  at  the  Sudbury  Fight,  20  Ap. 
1675  ;  John  (twin  with  Thomas),  b.  15  Dec.  1656,  d.  7  Mar.  1657-8  ;  Amos,  b. 
25  Feb.  1657-8  ;  Susanna,  b.  19  Jan.  1659-60,  m.  Jacob  Amsden,  and  d.  16  Oct. 
1707  without  issue;  John,  b.  29  Jan.  1661-2,  d.  6  Nov.  1663;  John,  b.  3  June 
1664,  d.  at  sea,  unm.  (administration  granted  to  Jacob  Amsden  17  Mar. 
1690-91);  Aligail,  b.  16  Aug.  1666,  m.  Timothy  Rice  of  Concord  27  Ap.  1687, 
who  d.  1692,  arid  Joseph  Crackbone  11  May  1698  ;  Hannah,  b.  17  Aug.  1668,  m. 
Samuel  Hastings,  Jr. ;  Edward,  b.  2  Aug.  1670;  Mary,  b.  7  Mar.  1671-2,  m. 
Joseph  Hovey  10  Dec.  1702,  and  Nathaniel  Parker  of  Newton  27  Jan.  1736-7  ; 
Lydia,  b.  22  Feb.  1673-4,  d.  young.  The  deaths  of  Thomas  and  the  third 
John  are  stated  on  the  authority  of  a  manuscript  genealogy  by  the  late  Rev. 
John  Marrett  of  Burlington.  JOHN  the  f .  was  a  shoemaker,  and  after  1682 
resided  a  few  rods  westerly  from  the  Craigie  House  in  the  former  mansion  of 
Deac.  John  Bridge.  He.  d.  between  3  Oct.  and  16  Dec.  1695;  his  w.  Abigail 
survived  and  was  prob.  the  same  who  d.  15  Mar.  1721-2. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  taught  school  in  Dedham  from  Dec.  1659  to 
July  1661 ;  and  is  named  in  his  father's  will  15  Oct.  1663. 

4.  AMOS,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Bethia  Longhorn  2  Nov.  1681  ;   she  d.  20 
Nov.  1730,  a.  69,  and  he  m.  Ruth,  wid.  of  Jona.  Dunster,  22  Nov.  1732,  who 
survived  him,  and  m.  Peter  Hayes  of  Stoneham  1742.     Mr.  Marrett,  gener- 
ally known  as  Lieut.  Marrett,  was  by  occupation  a  farmer  and  brickmaker, 
a  man  of  wealth,  and  a  prominent  citizen  of  the  town.    In  1 704  he  purchased 
ten  acres  of  land,  between  the  paternal  homestead  and  the  estate  late  of 
Dr.  Hill,  embracing  the  site  of  the  house  celebrated  as  the  headquarters  of 
Washington,  the  present  residence  of  Professor  Longfellow.     On  this  lot, 
which  he  had  occupied  for  several  previous  years  under  lease,  he   seems  to 
have  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days ;  but  whether  his  house  was  erected 
by  him  or  by  a  previous  owner  does  not  appear.     The  estate  remained  in  the 
Marrett  family  until  1746,  when  it  was  sold  to  Col.  John  Vassall.     Lieut. 
Marrett  d.  without  posterity  17  Nov.  1739,  a.  81.     He  had  previously  con- 
veyed his  homestead  to  his  nephew  Amos  Marrett,  and  in  his  will  constituted 
him  his  principal  heir. 

5.  EDWARD,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Joseph  Bradish  (Barry, 
Hist.  From.,  says  she  had  previously  m.  Joseph  Stanhope).     Their  chil.  were 
Amos,  b.  about  1694,  d.  young;  Hannah,  bap.  27  Dec.  1696,  m.  Joseph  Law- 
rence 17  Feb.  1714-15.  rem.  to  Connecticut;  Susanna,  bap.  11  Sept.  1698,  m. 
John  Pierce  of  Boston   27   Sept.  1722,  and   Samuel  Witt  of  Marlborough,  d. 
without  issue  Dec.  1794;  Abigail,  b.  28  Feb.  1700-1,  m.  Judah  Monis,  the  He- 
brew Preceptor,  13  Jan.  1723-4,  d.  without  issue  1761  ;  Amos,  b.  5  Sept.  1703; 
Mary,  bap.  28  Ap.  1706,  m.  Rev.  John  Martyn  of  Cambridge,  afterwards  of 
Northborough,  18  Aug.  1724,  d.  8  Sept.  1775,  leaving  several  children  ;  John, 
b.  29  July  1711,  d.  of  small-pox  in  Boston,  a.  18;  Edward,  b.  5  Nov.  1713. 

'  EDWARD  the  f.  was  a  glazier,  and  resided  on  the  homestead  on  Brattle 
Street.  He  d.  11  Ap.  1754,  a.  83;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  9  Ap.  1754,  a.  84.  Both 
attended  meeting  on  the  previous  Sabbath,  and  both  were  buried  in  one 
grave. 

6.  AMOS,   s.  of  Edward  (5),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Henry  Dunster  21    Sept. 
1732,  and  had  Abigail,  b.  25  Aug.  1733,  d.  young;  Ruth,  b.  30  Ap.  1735,  d. 
unm.  2  May  1766,  and  was  buried  at  Lexington  ;  Amos,  bap.  17  July  1737,  d. 
young;  Amos,  b.  8  Feb.  1738-9;  Mary,  b.  17  Aug.   1740,  d.  17   Oct.   1754; 
John,  b.  10  Sept  1741,  grad.  H.  C.  1763,  ordained  at  2d  church  in  Woburn 
(now  Burlington)   21    Dec.  1774,  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  his  predecessor,  Rev. 
Thomas  Jones,  and  d.  18  Feb.  1813,  leaving  an  only  dau.  Martha,  who  in.  his 
successor,  Rev.  Samuel  Sewall,  the  distinguished  ecclesiastical   antiquarian. 
AMOS  the  f.  was  a  glazier  and  farmer.     He  dealt  largely  in  real  estate,  and 
appears  to  have  been  a  man  of  wealth.    He  was  the  principal  heir  of  his  uncle 
Amos,  and  resided  on  his  homestead,  until  1746,  when  he  sold  it  to  Col.  John 
Vassall,  and  purchased  the  estate  afterwards  called  the  Fayerweather  estate, 
recently  owned  by  William    Wells,  which  was  then  in  Watertown.     He  d. 
there  (perhaps  in  the  old  farmhouse  lately  demolished)  14  Nov.  1747,  a.  44. 
His  w.  Mary  survived. 


MARRETT  —  MARTIN  —  MASON.  605 

7.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (5),  m.  Mary  Wyatt  of  Boston  13  May  1736;  she 
d.   15  Jan.  1743-4,  a.  29,  and  he  married  wid.  Susanna  Foster  of  Boston  3 
Nov.  1762,  who  d.  12  Dec.  1787,  a.  71.     His  chil.  were  Mary,  bap.  13  Mar. 
1736-7;  Edward,  b.  21  Jan.  1738-9,  d.  young;  Judah,  bap.   21  Dec.   1740; 
Thomas,  bap.  16  May  1742,  grad.  H.  C.  1761,  school-master  and  Deacon  of 
the  3d  Church  at  Gloucester,  returned  here  after  his  father's  death,  united 
with  the  Cainb.  Church  1781,  and  d.   24  June  1784;  Edward,  bap.   15  Jan. 
1743-4.     EDWARD  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and  inherited  the  homestead,  which  he 
sold  28  July  1759  to  Col.  John  Vassall.     He  had  previously,  13  June  1745, 
purchased  the  estate  formerly  occupied  by  his  first  N.  Eng.  ancestor,  Deac. 
Thomas  Marrett,  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Mount  Auburn  streets, 
where  he  resided  during  the  remainder  of  life.     He  was  Captain  of  militia, 
and  Selectman  seven  years,  from  1769  to  1777  inclusive.     He  d.  13  Sept. 
1780,  a.  67. 

8.  AMOS,  s.  of  Amos  (6),  m.  Abigail  Tidd  of  Lex.  (pub.  14  Sept.  1760), 
and  had,  in  Camb.,  Abigail,  bap.  6  June  1762,  d.  young;  Amos,  b.  4  Oct. 
1763  ;  and  in  Lex.,  Abigail,  b.  4  June  1765;  Daniel,  b.  18  July  1767;  Ruth,  b. 
12   Nov.    1768.     AMOS  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and   inherited  the  homestead, 
which  he   sold  19  Ap.  1764  to  George  Ruggles,  Esq.,  of  Boston  ;  it  was   sub- 
sequently known  as  the  Fayerweather  estate.     About  the  time  of  this  sale  he 
removed  to  Lex.  where  he  d.  27  Mar.  1805,  a.  66. 

9.  AMOS,  s.  of  Amos  (8),  res.  in  Lex.,  and  by  w.  Patty,  had  Patty,  b,  9 
Sept.  1787;  Sally,  b.   1  Oct.  1789;  Hannah,  b.  24  Dec.   1792;  Nabby,  b.   18 
Aug.  1795;  Betsy,  b.  4  July  1798;  Ruth,  b.  18  Mar.  1801;  John,  b.  17  Oct. 
1803;   EmUy,  b.   25  Dec.  1806  ;  Harriet,  b.  13  Sept.  1809.     AMOS  the  f.  d. 
16  Nov.  1824,  a.  61. 

10.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Amos  (8),  grad.  H.  C.  1790,  Pastor  of  the  Church  in 
Standish,  Me.,   33  years,  where  he  d.   14  Ap.  1836,  a.  nearly  69.     He  m. 
Dorcas,  dau.  of  Maj.  Samuel  Hastings  of  Lex.,  8  Oct.  1810  (second  wife), 
and  had  Leander,  b.  16  Sept.  1811,  d.  13  July  1814;  Lorenzo,  b.  18  Mar.  1816, 
grad.  Bow.  Col.  1838,  m.  Eliza  A.  Winsor  of  Pawtucket,  R.  I,  14  Aug.  1845, 
res.  in   Camb.,  is  a  lawyer,  and  has   been  Alderman   and   Representative  ; 
Isabella  Annette,  b.  20  July  1817,  d.  4  Mar.  1818;  Avery  Williams,  b.  19  Jan. 
1819,  m.  Elizabeth  B.  Weston  of  Standish  25  Nov.  1847,  and  res.  on  the 
homestead;  Dane  Appleton,  b.   12  Jan.  1822,  m.  Eliza  A.  Locke  of  Lancaster 

7  June  1848,  was  a  merchant,  and  had  children  in  Somerville;  Samuel  Hast- 
ings, b.  12  Jan.  1822,  m.  Fanny  A.  Locke,  twin  sister  to  his  twin  brother's 
wife,  7  June  1848,  was  a  merchant  in  Somerville,  where  he  d.  22  May  1850; 
Helen  Maria,  b.   3  July  1823,  d.  unm.  15  Mar.   1846 ;   Francis  Grenville,  b. 

8  Sept.  1826,  a  piano-forte  manufacturer,  d.  unm.  at  East  Cambridge  16  May 
1859. 

MARTIN,  THOMAS,  by  w.  Alice,  had  Abigail,  b.  22  Aug.  1653.  DEBORAH, 
m.  Ebenezer  Frost  2  July  1723. 

MASON,  HUGH,  came  to  N.  Eng.  with  his  w.  Hester,  or  Esther,  in  1634,  and 
settled  in  Watertown.  He  was  by  occupation  a  tanner,  but  much  engaged  in 
public  life,  being  a  Captain  of  the  train-band  for  a  long  succession  of  years, 
Selectman  about  thirty  years,  and  Representative  ten  years.  His  children,  all 
born  in  Wat.,  were  Hannah,  b.  23  Sept.  1636,  m.  Capt.  Joshua  Brooks  of 
Concord  17  Oct.  1653;  Elizabeth,  b.  3  Sept.  1638,  d.  young;  Ruth,  b.  17  Dec. 
1640,  d.  young;  Mary  (twin  with  Ruth),  b.  18  Dec.  1640,  in.  Rev.  Joseph 
Estabrook  of  Concord  20  May  1668;  John,  b.  1  Jan.  1644;  Joseph,  b.  10  Aug. 
1646;  Daniel,b.  19  Feb.  1648-9;  Sarah,  b.  25  Sept.  1651,  m.  Capt.  Andrew 
Gardner  of  Muddy  River  (Brookline)  20  May  1668,  and  was  mother  of  Rev. 
Andrew  Gardner,  who  was  accidentally  killed  at  Lancaster  during  the  Indian 
troubles  in  1704.  HUGH  the  f.  d.  10  Oct.  1678,  a.  73;  his  w.  Esther  d.  21 
May  1692,  a.  82. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Hugh  (1),  was  a  tanner,  and  settled  in  Newton  (then  a  part 
of  Camb.);  he  m.  Elizabeth  Hammond,  and  had  John,  b.  22  Jan.  1676-7; 
Elizabeth,  b.  10  Nov.  1678,  m.  Thomas  Brown  of  Boston;  Abigail,  b.  16  Dec. 
1679,  d.  young;  Daniel;  Samuel,  b.  22  Jan.  1688,  d.  young;  Hannah,  b.  26 


606  MASON. 

Jan.  1694,  m.  Joseph  Sabin  of  Rehoboth,  7  July  1721.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  about 
1729. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Hugh  (1),  was  also  a  tanner,  and  inherited  the  homestead 
in  Watertown.     He  in.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Fiske,  5  Feb.  1683-4,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  22  May  1684,  m.  Thomas  Learned;  Esther,  b.  8  July  1686,  m.  Capt. 
Joseph  Coolidge  10  Nov.  1737,  being  his  second  wife;  Joseph,  b.  2  Oct.  1688; 
Sarah,  b.  17  Nov.   1691,  m.  Thomas  Chamberlin  22  June  1709.     JOSEPH  the 
f.  d.  22  July  1702. 

4.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Hugh  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1666,  was  a  physician,  in  which 
capacity  he  sailed  with  Capt.  Ellson,  1679;  he  was  taken  prisoner,  carried  to 
Algiers,  and  never  returned. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (2),  settled  in  Lex.,  where  he  was  Town  Clerk  and 
Justice  of  the  Peace.     He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  Spring  of  Newton,  18 
Oct.  1699,  and  had  a  son,  b.  and  d.  14  Aug.  1700;  John,  b.  8  Aug.  1701,  d.  in 
Lex.  1787;  Elizabeth,  b.  30  Aug.  1703;  Mellicent,  b.  24  Ap.  1705;   Tkaddem, 
b.  27  Dec.  1706;  Jonas,  b.  21  Oct.  1708;  Catherine,  b.  5  Aug.  1710;  Esther,  b. 
2  Jan.  1712-13;  Sarah,  b.  7  June  1714;  Mercy,  b.  12  Nov.  1716,  d.  30  Nov. 
1717;  Samuel,  b.  9  Oct.  1720.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  24  Mar.  1738. 

6.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  inherited  the  homestead  in  Wat.,  was  elected 
Deacon  in  1726,   and  appointed  Justice  of  the  Peace  1734.     He  m.  Mary, 
dau.  of  Elias  Monck  of  Dorchester,  14  Sept.  1710,  and  had  Mary,  b.  23  Oct. 
1711,  m.   Ebenezer  Hovey  of  Camb.   7   Oct.   1737;  Joseph,  b.   9   Oct.    1713; 
Abigail,  b.  10   Oct.  1715,  m.   Thomas   Biscoe  8  Sept.  1737;  Benjamin,  b.   14 
July  1717;  Elizabeth,  b.  3   Feb.   1718-19,  m.  Nathaniel  Perry  of  Sherburne 
11  Oct.  1739;  Nehemiah,  b.    14  June   1721;  Elias,  b.   24  Ap.  1723,  m.  Ruth 
Cheney  7  Nov.   1740;  Esther,  b.    14  Nov.    1725,  m.  Jonathan  Brown,  Jr.,  25 
Jan.  1749-50,  d.  14  July  1802  ;  Lydia,  b.  6  Nov.  1727,  m.  Micah  Whitney  of 
Natick   11   Nov.  1747;  Susanna,  b.  22  Sept.  1729,  m.  Samuel  Soden  of  Camb. 
16  Dec.  1755;  Ebenezer,  b.   1   Mar.   1731-2;  Josiah,  b.   3  Oct.  1734.     Of  this 
numerous  family  it  is  remarkable  that  all  lived  to  maturity  and  were  married. 
JOSKPH  the  f.  d.  6  July  1755. 

7.  THADDEUS,  s.  of  John  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1728,  and  was  the  earliest  grad- 
uate who  survived  until  the  present  century  commenced.     He  outlived  all  his 
classmates  about  nine  years,  and  was  the  eldest  living  graduate  about  five 
years.     He  taught  school  at  Woodstock  a  short  time  after  leaving  college,  but 
was  soon   appointed  by  Gov.  Belcher  as  his  private   Secretary  ;  he  was  ap- 
pointed   Deputy  Naval   Officer  1731,  Deputy    Secretary   of  the   Province  in 
April  1734,  and   Clerk  of  the  Middlesex  Courts  Feb.  1735-1736,  which  last 
office,  by  which  he  was  best  known,  he  held  for  the  long  period  of  fifty-four 
years.     He  was  also  Register  of   Deeds  from  Ap.  1781  to  Dec.  1784.     He 
resided  principally  in  Chs.  until  shortly  before  the   Battle   of  Bunker  Hill, 
when  he  removed  to  Lex.  leaving  his  mansion  to  the  flames  which  consumed 
the  village.     After  a  temporary  residence  in  Lex.,  Stoneham,  and  Medf.,  he 
rem.  here  and  purchased  the  Monis  estate  11  Feb.  1786,  at  the  S.  E.  corner 
of  Brighton  and  Winthrop  streets,  where  he  closed  his  long  life.     He  had 
previously,  from  18  Sept.  1738  to  7  Jan.  1749,  owned  the  estate  at  the  N.  E. 
corner  of  Holmes  Place ;  but  whether  he  resided  there  is  not  ascertained.    Mr. 
Mason  m.    Rebecca,   dau.  of  Deac.  Jonathan  Williams  of  Boston,  17  Feb. 
1736-7;  she  d.  in  childbed  2  Ap.  1748,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Jonathan 
Sewall,  Esq.,  of  Boston,  7  Nov.    1748;  she  d.  12  Feb.  1755,  and  he  m.  Ann, 
dau.  of  Thomas  Fayerweather,  Esq.,  18   Oct.  1759.     His  children  were  Jona- 
than, b.  15  Dec.  1737,  d.  unm.  18  Nov.  1760  (he  was  drowned  on  a  voyage  to 
the  West  Indies)  ;  Rebecca,  b.  17  Dec.  1738,  m.  William  Harris  20  Aug.  1767, 
and  d.  2  Feb.   1801   (she  was  mother  of  the  late  Thaddeus  Mason  Harris, 
D.  D.,  of  Dorchester);  Thaddeus,b.  1  Aug.  1740,  d.  Dec.  1740;  Thaddeus,  b.  19 
Aug.  1741,  d.  10  Jan.  1747-8 ;  Martha,  b.  25  Nov.  1742,  m.  Dr.  Isaac  Foster  of 
Chs.  — July  1765,  and  d.  21  Sept.  1770;  Hugh,b.l6  May  1 745,  d.  8  Mar.  1746; 
a  child,  b.  and  d.  2  Ap.  1748;  John  Alford,  b.  10  Dec.  1750,  grad.  H.  C.  1771, 
was  Clerk  in  the  Boston  Post  Office,  afterwards  res.  here  with  his  sisters,  and 
still  later  with  Rev.  Dr.  Harris  at  Dorchester,  where  he  d.  unm.  16  Feb.  1831, 


MASON.  607 

in  consequence  of  being  run  over  by  a  milk  cart  in  the  previous  August;  Han- 
nah, b.  3  Sept.  1760,  d.  here  umn.  20  Jan.  1847;  Thaddeus,  b.  3  Aug.  1762, 

d.  15  Sept.   1762  ;  Ann,  b. 1763,  d.  here  unm.  25  Nov.   1816  ;  Elizabeth, 

b.  21  May  1765,  d.  here  unm.  12  May  1830;  Abigail  Belcher,  b.  23  July  1766, 
d.  5  July  1767.  THADDEUS  the  f.  d.  1  May  1802,  a.  95  years  and  4  months; 
his  w.  Ann  d.  4  Jan.  1802,  a.  71. 

8.  NEHKMIAH,  s.  of  Joseph  (6),  a  tanner  in  Watertown,  m.  Elizabeth  Stone 
28  Mar.  1754;  she  d.  24  Ap.  1755,  and  he  m.  Martha  Clark  in  1756 ;  she  d.  23 
July  1761,  and  he  m.  at  Camb.  Elizabeth  Fillebrown,  who  survived  him;  he  d. 
6  Aug.  1775.    His  chil.  were  Daniel,  b.  15  Aug.  1757;  Hugh,  b.  23  Dec.  1758; 
Elizabeth,  b.  18  Dec.  1759,  m.  Moses  Coolidge  19  May  1785;  Joseph,  b.  4  July 
1761,  tanner,  d.  unm.  1785;  Moses,  b.  24  July  1764;  Sarah,  b.  21  Aug.  1766, 
m.  James  Howland  of  Walpole,  Vt.;  Martha,  b.  5  Jan.  1768,  m.  Samuel  Sawin 
of  Livermore,  Me.,  and  d.  at  Jay,  Me.;  Rebecca,  b.  28  May  1769,  m.  Charles 
Clark  of  Cambridge,  and  d.  28  Ap.  1809;  Aaron,  b.  13  Ap.  1773. 

9.  JOSIAH,  s.   of  Joseph  (6),  housewright  and   surveyor,  m.  Anna  Liver- 
more  of  Watertown  21   June  1757,  rem.  to  Camb.  and  had  Thomas,  b.  28  Jan. 
1758;  Lucy,  b.  21    Sept.  1759,  m.  Samuel  Child   8  July  1779,  and   d.  9  June 
1849;  Josiah,  b.  11  Sept.  1761  ;  James,  b.  13  Jan.  1764,  d.  8  Oct.  1765;  Anna, 
b.  21  July  1766,  d.  2   Sept.  1767;  John,  b.  3    Aug.   1769;  Joseph,    b.    22  May 
1771,  d.  31   Dec.  1771;  Suxanna,  b-.  25   Sept.    1775,  d.  unm.    19  May  1856; 
Samuel,  b.  4   Sept.  1777;    William,  b.    31  July  1779,  d.   at  sea  13  Dec.  1799. 
JOSIAH  the  f.  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  Mason  Street,  and  d.  9  Sept.  1814; 
his  w.  Ann  d.  10  Sept.  1819,  a.  80;  both  of  paralysis. 

10.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Nehemiah  (8),  a  tanner,  resided  successively  at  Wat., 
Camb.,  and  Westbrook,  where  he  d.  9   Oct.  1817.      He  m.   Esther  Mason 
(who  d.  at  Westbrook  17  Dec.  1824),  and  had  in  Wat.  Nehemiah,  b.  31  Aug. 
1780;  Daniel,  b.  1   June  1782;  Samuel,  b.   8  June   1783;  Lewis,  b.   27   Feb. 
1785;  Azor,  b.  14  Dec.  1786;  Joel,  b.  3  Mar.  1788;   Vanlow,  b.  3  Mar.  1790, 
d.  27  Nov.  1790  or  1791;  Noble,  b.  9  Feb.  1793,  d.  2  Aug.  1793;  Nancy,  b.  19 
April  1794,  d.  unm.  31  Dec.  1814. 

11.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Josiah  (9),  m.  Lydia  Dane  of  Gloucester   18  Jan.  1783, 
and  had  Lydia,  b.  23  Aug.  1784,  d.  unm.  19  Ap.  1811;  Thomas,  b.  12  Mar. 
1787,  m.  Sophia  Webster,  and  d.  s.  p.  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  8  May  1843;  Mary  D., 
b.  12  Dec.  1790,  d.  unm.  2  Ap.  1872.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  res. 
a  few  years  at  Acton  and  Gloucester,  but  returned  here  about  1790,  res.  at 
the  junction  of  Front  and   State  streets,  was   Selectman  five  years,  and  per- 
formed other  public  services.     He  d.  of  paralysis  28  Mar.  1841;  his  w.  Lydia 
d.  27  May  1791. 

12.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Josiah  (9),  m.    Lois,  dau.  of  Hubbard  Russell,  18  July 
1784,  and  had  Anna  Livermore,  b.   16  Sept.   1784,  in.  Nathan  Fiske   13  July 
1805,  and  d.  12  Sept.  1861;  Luke,  b.  30  Nov.  1785;  Sally  Russell,  b.  20  Ap. 
1789,  d.  unm.  Jan.  1814;  Josiah,  b.  6  Sept.  1791;  James  Winthrop,  b.  28  Ap. 
1794  ;   Walter  Russell,  b.  22  Feb.  1796;  Frederick  William,  b.  4  Julv  1798,  d. 
—  Nov.   1800;   Caroline,  b.  13  Mar.    1801,  m.  Hiram  Brooks   20  July  1828, 
and  d.  9  April  1858;  Louisa,  b.  31  Mar.  1804,  d.  unm.  3  Ap.  1850.     JOSIAH 
the  f.  from  an  early  period  in  life  devoted  himself  to  mercantile  pursuits.     He 
resided  a  few  years  on  Governor's  Island,  and  Boston  proper,  but  soon  re- 
turned, and  res.  first  near  West  Boston  Bridge,  and  afterwards  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Harvard  and  Moore  streets;  was  Selectman  1808,  several  years  an 
Overseer  of  the  Poor,  and  Representative  1807.     He  d.  of  paralysis  19  May 
1839;  his  w.  Loisd.  17  Ap.  1847,  a.  87. 

13.  JOHN,  s.  of  Josiah  (9),  settled  in  Gloucester,  m.  Tryphena  Shipley  of 
Pepperell  Dec.  1792,  and  had  Alphonso,  b.  2  Oct.  1793,  and  perished  in  the 
ill-fated  steamer  Lexington,  Jan.  1840,  leaving  wife  and  children  ;  Sidney,  b. 
22  Oct.  1799;  John,  b.  2  Ap.  1802;  Albert,  b.  22  Nov.  1812,  d.  30  Oct.  1813. 
Maj.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  d.  6  June  1852. 

14.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Josiah  (9),  m.  Mary  Spear  Harlow    15  May  1803,  and 
had  Eliza  Harlow,  b.  1  Nov.  1804,  m.  Richard  Blanchard  of  Boston   3  July 
1823;  Mary  Spear,  b.  14   Ap.  1806,  m.  Charles  Livermore  of  Brighton    20 


608  MASON. 

Aug.  1829;  Samuel,  b.  11  Jan.  1808,  a  druggist,  d.  unm.  at  New  Orleans  12 
Sept.  1833  ;  William,  b.  4  July  1810,  d.  10  Sept.  1814  ;  Abigail,  b.  26  Ap. 
1812,  d.  unm.  1  Mar.  1868;  William  Albert,  b.  4  May  1816  :  Lucy  Ann,  b.  19 
Feb.  1818,  m.  Rev.  Albert  E.  Denison  6  June  1844;  Nancy  Harlow,  b.  22 
Aug.  1820,  m.  Rev.  Calvin  H.  Topliff  8  Ap.  1849  ;  George  Frederick,  b.  29 
Sept.  1824.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  d.  12  Aug.  1843;  his  w. 
Mary  S.  d.  15  Jan.  1859. 

15.  LUKE,  s.  of  Josiah   (12),  m.  Mary  Nichols  of   Cohasset    28  Ap.  1811, 
and  had  William  Frederick,  b.  31  Oct.  1812  ;  Sarah  Skilling,  b.  2  Sept.  1814, 
d.  unm.  8  Feb.  1870  ;    Charles  Luke,  b.  15  Dec.  1816,  d.  29  Jan.  1833;  Mary 
Caroline,  b.  27  Dec.  1818;  Susan  Matilda,  b.  16  Dec.  1820,  d.  20  Aug.  1822. 
LUKE  the  f.  was  a  merchant,  resided  on  the  southerly  side  of  Harvard  Street, 
near  Moore  Street,  and  d.  4  Dec.  1821;  his  w.  Mary  d.  17  Nov.  1874,  a.  80. 

16.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Josiah   (12),  m.  Hannah  Bond   Clark  of  Wat.   21    Oct. 
1824,  and  had  Maria  Louisa,  b.  13   Aug.   1825,  d.  unm.  29  Feb.  1848;  Julia 
Ann,  b.  16  Oct.  1827,  d.  unm.  10  Mar.  1844  ;  Henry  Clay,  b.  23  Dec.  1829,  d. 
21  Mar.  1841;  Hannah  Ellen,  b.  25  May  1833,  d.  unm.  27  July  1851.     JOSIAH 
the  f.  was  a  merchant,  resided  near  West  Boston  Bridge,  was  Selectman  from 
1828  to   1831,   four  years,   Representative   1832,  and  d.  of  consumption    18 
Dec.  1840.     His  w.  Hannah  B.  d.  12  Nov.  1858. 

17.  JAMES  WINTHROP,  s.  of  Josiah   (12),  grad.  H.  C.   1816,  removed  to 
Monroe,  La.     He  was  a  physician,  merchant,  and  planter.  *He  m.  Melinda 
Tennell  of  Monroe,  and  had  Elizalieth  St.  Clair,  b.  23    Oct.  1827,  m.  Judge 
Sharp  of  Monroe,  and  d.  leaving  an  infant;  Mary  Caroline,  b.  7  May  1829,  m. 
James  McEnery,  and  d.  in  1854,  leaving  issue;  Melinda   Theresa,  b.  4  Dec. 

1830,  m.  Oliver  Kellam,  and Buckner  ;  Josiah   Tennell,  b.  2  Nov.  1832, 

m.  Emily  De  Lery  of  Monroe  ;  Louisa  Jane,  b.  9  May  1836,  m. Watson; 

James  Winthrop,  b.  5  Ap.  1838,  d.  about  1859.     JAMES  WINTHROP  the  f.  d. 
18  Oct.  1837. 

18.  WALTER  RUSSELL,  s.  of  Josiah  (12),  m.  Elizabeth  Harrington  of  Lex. 
(pub.  22  May  1819),  and  had  Mary  Jane,  b.  3  Jan.  1820,  m.  Oscar  Stratton  9 
Feb.  1843,  d.  30  Aug.  1875  ;  Elizabeth  Harrington,  b.  27  Jan.  1822,  m.  Hon. 
John  Sargent  12  Dec.  1859;  Lois  Elmira,  b.  23  Dec.  1823,  m.  Elijah  H.  Luke 
24    Sept.    1846;  Melinda    Tennell,  b.   25   Sept.   1825,  d.  unm.  24   Aug.  1845; 
James  Walter,  b.  22  Nov.  1827,  m.  Harriet  J.  Dexter   27  Jan.  1851  ;  Frances 
Virginia,  b.  12  Sept.  1829,  m.  John  D.  "Sargent  6  Dec.  1864  ;    Charles  Russell, 
b.  22  Mar.  1822,  m.  Caroline  A.  Marshall  of  Lawrence  24  Dec.  1859  ;  Eugene 
J.,  b.  9  Feb.  1834,  m.  Susan  F.  Sargent  28  Dec.  1863 ;  Ellen  Maria,  b.  20  May 
1837,  d.  unm.  5  May  1858.   WALTER  RUSSELL  the  f.  was  a  merchant,  resided 
near  West  Boston  Bridge  and  afterwards  on  Broadway  near  Prospect  Street; 
was  Selectman  and  Alderman ;  near  the  close  of  life  he  removed  to  Lawrence, 
where  he  d.  9  Aug.  1859;  his  w.  Elizabeth  H.  d.  31  Oct.  1859. 

19.  WILLIAM   ALBERT,  s.  of  Samuel  (14),  surveyor  and  civil  engineer,  m. 
Clara  M.  Hodges  of  Taunton  23  May  1847,  and  had  Clara  M.,  b.  28  March 
1848,  d.  18   Aug.   1850;   Ellen  Eliza,  b.  21   Jan.   1850;    Charles  Albert,  b.  27 
Oct.  1851;  Francis  Edgar,  b.  30  Ap.  1853;   William  Albert,  b.  26  Dec.  1855  ; 
Clarence  Herbert,  b.  7  Ap.  1857;   Clara  Eleanor  and  Frances  Evelyn,  twins, 
b.  23  July  1859. 

20.  GEORGE  FREDERIC,  s.  of  Samuel  (14),  a  wood  turner,  m.  Mary  Ann 
Dudley  of  Somerville  30  July  1851,  and  had  Frederic  Gerry,  b.  26  Aug.  1852, 
d.  6  Jan.  1853  ;   George  Dudley,  b.  11  Nov.  1854;  Samuel,  b.  23  July  1856  ; 
Florence  Bellows,  b.  12  Jan.  1858,  d.  10  June  1860;  Frederic  Bellows,  b.  17 
June  1859. 

21.  WILLIAM  FREDERIC,  s.  of  Luke  (15),  was  a  merchant  in  Cambridge 
for  a  few  years,  and  then  became  a  planter  in  Ouachita  (Monroe),  La.;  m. 
Hannah  L.  Bry  10  June  1843,  and  had  Mary  Bry,  b.  12  Aug.  1850  ;  Alice  T., 
b.  9  Nov.  1853.     He  m.  a  second  wife,  had  one  son,  and  d.  at  Rome,  Ga.,  24 
Ap.  1875. 

RACHEL,  m.  Francis  Wellington  6  Jan.  1763.  MILLICENT,  m.  Robert  Bull 
7  Oct.  1771.  NEHEMIAH,  m.  Lydia  Cutter  16  Oct.  1803.  AARON,  d.  20 
Sept.  1797,  a.  25;  his  w.  Sally  d.  30  Aug.  1797,  a.  22;  both  of  bilious  fever. 


MASTERS  — MILLER.  609 

MASTERS,  JOHN,  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants  of  Camb.,  and  in  1635 
owned  a  house  and  seven  acres  of  land  on  the  westerly  side  of  Ash  Street, 
near  Brattle  Street.  In  1631  he  engaged  to  construct  a  canal  from  the  river, 
through  the  marsh,  to  the  upland,  near  the  foot  of  Dunster  Street,  "12  foot 
broad  and  7  foot  deep,  for  which  the  Court  promiseth  him  satisfaction,  ac- 
cording as  the  charges  thereof  shall  amount  unto."  (Afass.  Col.  Rec.~)  The 
cost  of  the  canal,  or  creek,  was  £30.  Mr.  Masters  d.  21  Dec.  1639;  his  w. 
Jane  d.  26  Dec.  1639.  By  his  will,  dated  19  Dec.  1639,  it  appears  that  he 
had  daughters  Sarah  Dobyson,  Lydia  Tabor,  and  Elizabeth  Latham ;  a  grand- 
son, John  Lockwood;  and  probably  sons  Nathaniel  and  Abraham. 

MAYNARD,  JOHN,  owned  a  house  and  five  acres  of  land  at  the  West  End, 
1635,  fronting  easterly  on  Garden  Street.  He  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he 
was  living  in  1648.  Another  of  the  same  name  was  early  in  Sudbury. 

MKAD,  ISRAEL,  perhaps  from  Roxbury,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Thomas  Hall,  26 
Feb.  1669,  and  had  Margaret,  b.  20  Jan.  1676;  Mary,  b.  10  Feb.  1682;  Ruth, 
b.  10  Aug.  1684;  Ebenezer,  b.  10  May  1686;  and  probably  others. 

2.  DAVID,  perhaps  brother  to  Israel  (1),  m.  Hannah  Warren  26  Sept.  1675, 
and  had  Hannah,  b.  17  Sept.  1676;  and  probably  others. 

3.  DAVID,  perhaps  s.  of  David  (2),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Joshua,  b.  12  Mar. 
1709-10;  Moses,  b.  21  Oct.  1711. 

4.  THOMAS,  by  w.  Hannah  had  Elizabeth,  b.  13  June  1711. 

5.  HOPESTILL,  by  w.  Elizabeth  (prob.  dau.  of  Samuel  Hastings),  had  Abi- 
gail, b.  26  Dec.  1712. 

ELIJAH,  m.  Abigail  Barnard  10  Nov.  1778.  BENJAMIN,  m.  Susanna  Collins 
26  Feb.  1781.  MARY,  wid.  of  Israel  Mead,  d.  Sept.  1797,  a.  69. 

MEANK,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Mean,  Meen,  Meene),  was  one  of  the 
first  company,  and  in  1635  res.  at  the  corner  of  Holmes  Place  and  North 
Avenue.  By  w.  Ann  he  had  John,  b.  7  Feb.  1637-8,  d.  10  Aug.  1739; 
Sarah,  b.  Feb.  1639-40,  m.  Walter  Hastings  10  Ap.  1655,  and  d.  27  Aug. 
1673;  Mary,  b.  3  Ap.  1644,  m.  Samuel  Hastings  12  Nov.  1661;  John,  b.  19 
Sept.  1646,  d.  21  Oct.  1646.  JOHN  the  f.  d.  19  Mar.  1645-6,  and  his  w. 
Ann  in.  John  Hastings,  the  father  of  Walter  and  Samuel,  and  d.  25  Mar. 
1666. 

MERIAM,  JOSEPH  (otherwise  written  Merriam,  Miriam,  and  Mirriam), 
res.  in  Concord,  where  he  d.  I  Jan.  1641,  leaving  sons,  Joseph,  who  in.  Sarah 
Stone  1653;  John,  b.  1640-41,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deacon  John  Cooper  of 
Camb.,  21  Oct.  1663,  and  had  a  large  family.  Farmer. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (1),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deacon  Gregory  Stone,  and 
had  Lydia,  b.  3  Aug.  1656;  Joseph,  b.  25  May   1658;   Elizabeth,  b.  20  May 
1660;  John,  b.  30  Aug.   1662;  Mary,  b.    14  June  1664;  Robert,   b.   17   Feb. 
1666-7,  and  probably  others.     JOSEPH  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  d.  before 
169,6. 

3.  JOHN,  prob.  s.   of  Joseph  (2),  by  w.  Mary  had  Mary,  b.   6  Jan.  1689; 
Benjamin,  b.  6  Jan.   1700-1;  John,  b.   13  Feb.  1703-4;  Ebenezer,  b.  2  Mar. 
1705-6;  Joshua,  b.  27  Feb.  1707-8;   William,  b.  24  Sept.  1711  ;  Amos,  b.  25 
July  1713;  and  prob.  others,  between  1689  and  1701.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  at  the 
Farms,  was  elected  Deacon  at  the  organization  of  the  Church  21  Oct.  1696, 
andd.  1727. 

4.  ROBERT,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  by  w.  Abigail  had  Joseph,  b.  3  Mar.  1696-7; 
Abift'iil,  b.  3  Oct.  1699;  Hannah,  b.  16  Ap.  1701 ;  Robert,  b.  18  July  1703,  d. 
30  June  1713;  Jonathan,  b.  25  July  1705;  Hezekiah,  b.  30  Mar.  1708;  Sarah, 
b.  25  July  1710,  d.  7  July  1713;  Mary,  b.  11  Dec.  1712.     ROBERT  the  f.  res. 
at  the  Farms. 

5.  THOMAS,  prob.  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  by  w.  Mary  had  Mary,  b.  3  Oct.  1697; 
Thomas,  b.  15  Ap.  1700;  Lydia,  b.  23  July  1703;  Nathaniel,  b.  6  Dec.  1705; 
Simon,  b.   23  Nov.   1708;  David,  b.  22  Aug.  1711;  Isaac,  b.    5  July  1714. 
THOMAS  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms. 

SARAH,  m.  Eliazer  Ball  of  Concord  14  June  1688. 

MILLER,  JOSEPH,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Thomas,  b.  9  Ap.  1675;  Samuel,  b.  24 
Sept.  1678. 

39 


610  MILLER  —  MITCHELSON. 

2.  JOSEPH,  m.  Eunice  Coolidge  15  Ap.  1765,  and  had  Joseph,  bap.  25  Jan. 
1766,  prob.  ra.  Mary  Tapley  of  Chs.  3  Dec.  1788;  Isaac,  bap.  29  Nov.  1767; 
William,  bap.  25  Feb.  1770;  James,  bap.  16  Feb.  1772;  Thomas,  bap.  12  Feb. 
1774. 

HUMPHREY,  m.  Elizabeth  Smith  12  Sepi  1677.  THOMAS,  m.  Polly  Froth- 
ingham  4  Dec.  1794. 

MINOTT,  HEPZIBAH,  granddaughter  of  Elijah  Corlett,  m.  Daniel  Champ- 
ney  9  June  1684. 

MIRICK,  JOHN,  m.  Elizabeth  Trowbridge  9  Feb.  1681-2. 

MITCHELL,  JONATHAN  (otherwise  written  Mitchel,  Micthel,  and  Michell), 
came  to  New  England  about  1635  with  his  father,  Jonathan  Mitchell,  who 
died  at  Stamford,  Conn.,  in  1645,  a.  54.  He  grad.  H.  C.  1647,  and  com- 
menced preaching  at  Hartford  24  June  1649,  where  he  was  desired  to 
remain.  He  returned  however  and  preached  here,  12  Aug.  1649.  On  the 
25th  day  of  the  same  month,  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard  died,  and  Mr.  Mitchell 
was  invited  to  become  his  successor;  which  invitation  he  accepted,  and  was 
ordained  21  Aug.  1650.  During  the  same  year  he  was  also  elected  Fellow 
of  the  College.  By  the  General  Court  he  was  made  Licenser  of  the  Press 
1663.  He  was  one  of  the  most  eminent  clergymen  of  his  day;  and  his  early 
death,  which  occurred  9  July  1668,  at  the  age  of  43  years,  was  a  subject  of 
general  and  bitter  lamentation.  Mr.  Mitchell  succeeded  Mr.  Shepard  in  more 
than  one  respect.  On  the  19th  of  Nov.  1650,  he  m.  Margaret,  the  wid.  of  Mr. 
Shepard,  and  purchased  the  homestead  9  Oct.  1651,  consisting  of  a  house  on 
Harvard  Street,  opposite  Holyoke  Street,  with  seven  acres  of  land,  now  owned 
by  Harvard  College.  His  children,  by  his  w.  Margaret,  were  Margaret,  b. 
26  Feb.  1652,  d.  24  July  1654;  Nathaniel,  b.  4  Mar.  1655-6,  killed  by  a  fall 
from  a  horse,  15  July  1673;  John,  b.  16  Mar.  1657-8,  d.  29  Oct.  1659; 
Samuel,  b.  14  Oct.  1660,  grad.  H.  C.  1681,  Fellow  of  the  College,  was  living 
6  July  1687,  but  prob.  d.  unm.  before  1691,  as  no  provision  was  made  for  him 
or  his  representatives  in  the  settlement  of  his  mother's  estate  in  that  year  ; 
Margaret,  b.  1664,  m.  Maj.  Stephen  Sewall  of  Salem  13  June  1682,  and  d. 
20  Jan.  1735-6,  having  been  the  mother  of  17  children,  eight  of  whom  sur- 
vived her;  one  of  them  was  Chief  Justice  Stephen  Sewall,  who  d.  in  Sept. 
1760;  Jonathan,  b.  about  1667,  grad.  H.  C.  1687,  and  d.  without  children 
14  Mar.  1694-5,  leaving  wid.  Hannah,  who  m.  Col.  Edmund  Goffe  ;  she  was 
dau.  of  Simon  Lynde,  and  had  been  w.  of  John  Bigg  of  Boston. 

MITCHELSON,  EDWARD  (otherwise  written,  Mitcheson,  Michason,  Michel- 
son,  and  Micherson),  m.  Ruth  Bushell,  who  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  1635.  His 
children  were,  Ruth,  b.  8  Nov.  1638,  m.  John  Green  20  Oct.  1656;  Thomas, 
b.  Sept.  1639;  Bethia,  b.  6  Dec.  1642,  m.  Daniel  Weld;  Edioard,  b.  11  Nov. 
1644,  grad.  H.  C.  1665,  physician,  lost  at  sea  with  Capt.  Scarlet  1666; 
Elizabeth,  b.  29  Aug.  1646,  m.  Theodore  Atkinson,  Jr.,  and  Henry  Deering  of 
Boston.  EDWARD  the  f.  in  1639  bought  of  Maj.  Simon  Willard  the  estate  at 
the  S.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets,  where  he  prob.  resided 
until  29  Oct.  1650,  when  he  bought  the  estate  of  Maj.  Samuel  Shepard,  on 
the  southerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  extending  from  Holyoke  Street  to  Bow 
Street,  which  was  thenceforth  his  dwelling-place.  In  1637  he  was  appointed 
Marshal-general  of  the  Colony,  which  office,  similar  in  many  respects  to  that 
of  High  Sheriff,  he  held  through  life.  The  fees  were  established  by  the 
General  Court,  Nov.  1637.  In  April  1668,  a  stated  salary  was  fixed,  instead 
of  fees  :  "  The  Court,  on  weighty  reasons  moving  them  thereunto,  having 
by  their  order,  this  Court,  disposed  of  the  annual  recompense  of  Edward 
Michelson,  Marshal  General,  to  the  public  use  and  advantage,  judge  it  nec- 
essary to  provide  for  so  ancient  a  servant  of  this  Court  some  comfortable 
maintenance  instead  thereof,  that  so  no  discouragement  may  rest  upon  him, 
do  therefore  order,  that  the  said  Marshal  General  Edward  Michelson  shall  be 
allowed  and  paid  £50  per  annum  out  of  the  Country  Treasury,  in  lieu  thereof, 
by  the  Treasurer  for  the  time  being."  Mr.  Mitchelson  d.  7  Mar.  1680-81,  a. 
77,  and  was  succeeded  in  office  by  his  son-in-law,  John  Green.  His  w.  Ruth 
d.  15  June  1664,  a.  about  52. 


MITCHELSON  — MOORE.  611 

2.  WILLIAM,  brother  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Mary  Bradshaw  26   Ap.  1654, 
and  had  Mary,  b.  15  Jan.  1654-5;   Thomas,  b.  8  Jan.  1656-7;  Alice,  b.  about 
1661,  bap.  3  Ap.   1663,  m.  John   Shears  of  Sudbury  9  Ap.  1688;  Ruth,  bap. 
4  Oct.  1663;    Abigail,  bap.    11   Mar.   1665-6.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  10  Dec. 
1668. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  William  (2),  was  married  before  20  Dec.  1682,  as  at  that 
date  Mrs.  Jane  Fessenden  bequeathed  thirty  shillings  to  "  Tho.  Michenson's 
wife."     He  was  a  cordwainer,  and  d.  about   1689.     The  Inventory  of  his 
estate  is  dated  Feb.  1689-90;  and  "his  brother-in-law  John  Shears  of  Fram- 
ingham  "  was  appointed  administrator  de  bonis  non,  12  Nov.  1700. 

MOORE,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  More),  was  sworn  freeman,  with  other 
Camb.  men,  8  Dec.  1636.  About  1637  he  bought  of  Humphrey  Vincent 
(who  had  removed  to  Ipswich)  a  house  and  garden,  on  the  southerly  side  of 
Winthrop  Street,  between  Dunster  and  Brighton  streets,  together  with  sundry 
lots  of  land.  He  owned  the  same  estate  in  1642.  He  was  Constable  in  1639. 

2.  ENOCH,  had  grant  of  a  house-lot  14  Aug.  1637. 

3.  GOLDEN,  as  early  as  1642,  res.  near  the  spot  where  the  meeting  house  of 
the   Shepard  Congregational  Society  now  stands,  at  the  junction  of  Garden 
and  Mason  streets.     He  m.  Joanna,  wid.  of  John  Champney,  and  had  Hannah, 
b.  15  Sept.  1643,  m.  John  Hastings  1  Mar.  1665-6;  Lydia ;  Ruth.     The  last 
two  are  named  by  Mitchell.     Mr.  Moore  rem.  to  Billerica,  and  d.  there  3 
Sept.  1698,  a.  about  89;  his  w.  Joanna  d.  18  Feb.  1675-6. 

4.  FUANCIS,  had  a  grant  of  land  in  1638,  and  in  1642  had  a  dwelling-house 
near  the   spot  now  occupied  by  the  church  on  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Mount  Auburn  streets.     His  chil.  were  Francis;  Samuel;  Thomas;  Anna, 
m.  James  Kidder  about  1650;  Sarah,  b.  3  Ap.  1643;  John,  b.  20  Mar.  1644-5. 
His  w.  Kathcrine  d.  28  Dec.  1648,  and  he  m.  wid.  Elizabeth  Periman  6  Dec. 
1653.     Mr.  Moore  d.  20  Aug.  1671,  a.  85;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  5  Nov.  1683, 
a.  84. 

5.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis  (4),  m.   Albee   (or  Alba)   Eaton   7  Sept.  1650. 
He  res.  near  the  junction  of  Spruce  and  Cedar  streets,  was  Selectman  thirteen 
years,  from  1673  to  1687,  and  d.  23  Feb.  1688-9,  a.  69;  his  w.  Alba  d.  19  Ap. 
1 708.     They  appear  to  have  had  no  children.     Their  property  was  bequeathed 
principally  to  his  nephew,  Deac.  Samuel  Kidder. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Francis  (4),  is  named  in  Mitchell's  Church  Record,  and 
is  described  as  resident  in  Barbadoes.     It  is  not  known  that  he  returned  here. 

7.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Francis  (4),  m.  Sarah  Hodges  9  Nov.  1653.     He  is  not 
named  by  Mitchell,  among  the  children  of  Francis,  Sen. ;  but  Francis,  Jr.,  in 
his  will,  styles  him  his  brother.     There  is  no  Record  of  his  family  here. 

8.  RICHARD,  was  here  as  early  as  Nov.  1711.     His  dau.  Lydia  was  baptized 
1  Mar.  1712-13,  and  she  united  with  the  church  25  June  1733.     He  resided 
at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Winthrop   streets  as  late  as  19  Ap.  1731 , 
but  d.  before  1749. 

9.  FRANCIS,  prob.  s.  or  bro.  of  Richard  (8),  was  a  physician,  and  as  early 
as  1749  resided  on  the  homestead  of  Richard,  which  is  referred  to  in  deeds  of 
a  later  date,  sometimes  as  the  estate  of  Francis,  and  sometimes  as  the  estate 
of  Richard's  heirs.     The  estate  was  sold  25  May   1775  by  widow  Martha 
Moore  to  Joseph  Russell,  and  by  him    12  July  1784  to  Lydia  Moore,  single 
woman.     I  find  no  record  of  Dr.  Moore's  family.     He  d.  27  Dec.  1783,  a.  74; 
his  w.  Abigail  d.  May  1788,  a.  about  70.     Two  of  his  daughters  united  with 
the  Church,  viz.,  Lydia,  1  Mar.  1767;  Abigail,  7  Nov.  1773,  perhaps  the  same 
who  d.  4  Jan.  1803.     Lydia,  m.  Joseph  Russell  of  Boston  Sept.  1795. 

10.  JOSIAH,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Seth  Hastings,  19  Sept.  1768;  she  d.  9  May 
1781,  a.  30,  and  he  m.  Nancy,  dau.  of  Owen  Warland,  22  Aug.   1782.     His 
chil.  were  Jane,  b.  14  Jan.  1769,  m.  Prescott  Jones  of  Athol,  — Jan.  1798; 
Hannah,  bap.  14   Oct.   1770,  d.  young;  Hannah,  b.  4  Mar.    1772,  m.  Samuel 
Sweetser  of  Athol   24  Oct.  1792;  Josiah,  b.  8  Mar.  1774,  entered  II.  C.  but 
left  home  soon  afterwards  and  never  returned ;  Seth  Hastings,  m.  and  resided 
in  Roxbury,  where  he  died  at  the  age  of  about  50,  leaving  a  family;  Arlena- 
tus,  b.  15  Oct.  1777;  Abel,  b.  10  Ap.  1780,  very  eccentric,  d.  unm.  at  Roxbury 


612  MOORE—  MORRILL  — MUNROE. 

7  Feb.  1855;  Sarah  Warland,  bap.  11  Aug.  1783,  m.  Dr.  Stephen  Batchelder 
of  Royalston  17  Jan.  1816;  Mary,  bap.  5  June  1785,  d.  unm.  24  May  1860  ; 
Augustus,  bap.  28  June  1789,  a  merchant  in  Boston,  d.  29  Oct.  1821,  leaving 
widow  and  one  child;  William  Warland,  bap.  24  July  1791,  d.  young;  Ann, 
b. ,  m.  Abraham  Edwards,  Esq.,  27  May  1823.  JOSIAH  the  f.  was  a  car- 
penter, and  res.  at  the  southwesterly  corner  of  the  Common,  on  the  estate 
formerly  of  Golden  Moore.  He  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Church  4  Jan. 
1805  ;  Assessor  and  Overseer  of  the  Poor  for  many  years,  and  Selectman 
1814.  He  d.  very  suddenly,  1  May  1814,  a.  67;  his  w.  Nancy  d.  June  1835, 
a.  83. 

11.  ABEL,  brother  to  Josiah   (10),  m.  Sarah,   dau.  of  Owen  Warland,  16 
Oct.  1776,  was  an  Innholder  in  Boston  several  years,  and  afterwards  kept  a 
tavern  at  the  corner  of  North  Avenue  and  Holmes  Place.     He  d.  2  Jan.  1794, 
a.  39  ;  his  w.  Sarah  m.  Israel  Porter  10  Mar.  1796. 

12.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Francis   (9),  was  pub.  to  Susanna  Richardson  of  Lan- 
caster  14  July  1768.     The  children  of  this  marriage,  if  any,  are  not  recorded 
here;  Lydia,  who  d.  24  Oct.  1790,  a.  13,  was  perhaps  his  daughter.     By  his 
second  w.  Phebe,  he  had  Sally  Preston,  b.   14  Feb.  1780,  d.  12  Aug.  1782; 
Francis,  b.  30  Mar.  1782,  a  physician  in  Brighton,  M.  D.  at  H.  C.  1812,  rem. 
to  Eaton,  N.  Y.,  1825,  and  afterwards  to  Texas,  where  his  son  Francis  is  a 
prominent  citizen;  Sally,  b.  17  Ap.  1783,  prob.  d.  young;  Phebe  Preston,  b. 
16  Aug.   1784,  m.  Joseph  Adams  of  Chs.   15  Jan.  1801 ;    William,  b.  24  Jan. 
1787;  Sally  Preston,  bap.  11  Ap.  1795;  and  perhaps  others.     FRANCIS  the'f. 
was  a  baker;  he  was  also  a  Revolutionary  soldier;  he  d.  at  Lynn  Aug.  1833, 

a.  92;  his  w.  Phebe  d.  at  Lynn,  May  1838,  a.  84. 

13.  ARTENATUS,  s.  of  Josiah  (10),  m.  Susanna,  dau.  of  William  Watson, 
7  Feb.  1802;  she  d.  May  1807,  and  he  was  pub.   to  Sarah  S.  Holyoke  of 
Marlborough   10  Sept.  1808.     His  chil.  were  Susan  W.,  b.   1803,  d.  unm.  21 
May  1875;   Mary  H.,  b.  1805,  d.  unm.  13  Feb.  1865  ;   Lucy  Priscilla  Watson, 

b.  4  May  1806,  d.  1  Mar.  1807 ;  Sarah  Ann;  Augusta  H.,  pub.  to  Rev.  Henry 
A.  Miles  15  Ap.  1833.     ARTENATUS  the  f.  was  a  baker,  and  d.  15  Oct.  1814. 

MARY,  m.  Aaron  Cutter  1  Ap.  1745.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Thomas  Robbins,  Jr., 
1  May  1746.  ABIGAIL,  m.  Henry  Dunster,  Jr.,  27  Ap.  1748.  MARTHA,  m. 
Joseph  Rand,  Jr.,  8  Dec.  1757.  ABIGAIL,  m.  Thomas  Mayhe\v  20  Mar.  1759. 
BETSEY,  m.  Josiah  Johnson,  Jr.,  10  Ap.  1800.  ABIGAIL,  d.  4  Jan.  1803,  a. 
81.  Wid.  REBECCA,  d.  2  Nov.  1821,  a.  74.  LUKE,  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  Joseph 
Hill,  14  Oct.  1821,  and  d.  Oct.  1835,  a.  41. 

MORRILL,  ABRAHAM  (otherwise  written  Morrell  and  Morill),  was  here  as 
early  as  1633,  and  in  1635  resided  on  the  westerly  side  of  Brighton  Street, 
near  the  spot  occupied  by  the  old  Porter  Tavern.  He  removed  to  Salisbury 
before  1650,  where  he  d.  about  1662. 

MUNROE,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Munro,  Munrow,  Mon  Roe,  Roe, 
and  Row),  came  to  New  England  in  March  1652,  and  is  first  named  on  the 
Records  17  Sept.  1657,  when  he  was  fined  six  pence  for  some  trivial  breach 
of  a  town  order.  He  early  established  himself  at  the  Farms,  where  a  numer- 
ous posterity  succeeded  him.  He  had  w.  Martha  in  1665,  and  w.  Mary  in 
1673.  His  chil.  were  John,  b.  10  Mar.  1665-6;  Martha,  b.  2  Nov.  1667,  m. 
John  Comey  of  Concord  21  June  1688;  William,  b.  10  Oct.  1669;  George,  b. 
prob.  1671;  Daniel,  b.  12  Aug.  1673;  Hannah,  b.  prob.  1674,  m.  Joseph 
Peirce  21  Dec.  1692;  Elizabeth,  b.  prob.  1676,  m.  Thomas  Rugg;  Mary,  b. 
24  June  1678,  m.  Joseph  Fassett;  David,  b.  6  Oct.  1680;  Eleanor,  b.  24  Feb. 
1682-3,  m.  William  Burgess;  Sarah,  b.  18  Mar.  1684-5,  m.  George  Blanch- 
ard;  Joseph,  b.  16  Aug.  1687  ;  Benjamin,  b.  16  Aug.  1690;  Susanna,  bap.  with 
the  three  last  preceding  28  Feb.  1698-9,  and  prob.  d.  young.  Of  these  four- 
teen children,  all  except  the  last  named  were  living  14  Nov.  1716,  the  date  of 
their  father's  will.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  27  Jan.  1717,  a.  92,  according  to  the 
inscription  on  his  gravestone.  By  another  inscription  of  like  nature,  it  ap- 
pears that  he  had  a  third  wife,  Elizabeth,  formerly  wife  of  Edward  Wyer;  she 
d.  14  Dec.  1714,  a.  79. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (1),  res.  at  the  Farms,  where  his  children  John, 


MUN11OE.  613 

Hannah,  and  Constance,  were  bap.  in  1698-9,  and  Nathan,  12  Mar.  1699-1700. 

He  had  also,  by  w.  Hannah,  William,  b.  1  Feb.  1700-1,  m.  Phebe about 

1725,  and  Tab'itha  Jones  29  May  1745;  Elizabeth,  b.  5  Mar.  1702-3;  Su- 
sanna, b.  23  Jan.  1705;  Jonas,,  b.  22  Nov.  1707,  in.  Joanna  Locke  3  Jan. 
1734-5;  Martha,  b.  6  Dec.  1710;  Marrett,  b.  6  Dec.  1713,  m.  Deliverance 
Parker  7  Ap.  1737.  I  suspect  that  JOHN  the  f.  had  two  wives;  and  that  the 
second,  m.  prob.  in  1700,  was  Hannah,  dau.  of  John  Marrett,  whose  first 
husband,  Samuel  Hastings,  Jr.,  d.  28  Sept.  1699. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.   Mary,  dau.  of  Thomas  Cutler,  had 
Mary,  b.  3  Ap.  1699;  Abigail,  b.   28  June  1701;   William,  b.  19  Dec.   1703; 
Thomas,  b.  19  Mar.    1706  ;  David,  b.  28  Dec.   1708  ;  Ruth,  b.  16  Mar.  1711  ; 
Hannah,  b.  19  Mar.  1713  ;  and  by  w.  Joanna  (dau.  of  Philip  Russell),  Philip, 
b.  26  Feb.  1717-18;  Susanna,  b.  21    Oct.  1726.     WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  at  the 
Farms  and  d.  2  Jan.  1759,  a.  89. 

4.  GEORGE,  s.  of  William  (1),  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  by  w.  Sarah  had  Wil- 
liam, b.  6  Jan.  1699-1700;  Sarah,  b.  17  Oct.  1701;  Dorothy,  b.  19  Nov.  1703; 
Lydia, b.  13   Dec.  1705;  George,}).   17  Oct.   P707;  Robert,  b.  4  May  1712; 
Samuel,  b.  23  Oct.  1714;  Andrew,  b.  4  June  1718;  Lucy,  b.  20  Aug.  1720. 

5.  DANIEL,  s.   of  William  (1),  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  by  w.  Dorothy  had 
Daniel,  b.   27  Jan.   1717-18;  Jedediah,  b.   20  May  1721;  Sarah,  b.   14  July 
1724;  Dorothy,  b.   21   June   1728;  John,  b.   30  May  1731.     DANIEL  the  f.  d. 
26  Feb.  1734. 

6.  JOSEPH,  s.   of  William   (1),  res.  at  the  Farms  (Lexington),  and  by  w. 
Elizabeth,  had  Joseph,  b.  23  May  1713;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Jan.  1714-15  ;  Nathan, 
b.  11  Sept.  1716;  Joshua,  b.  22  Dec.  1717;  Nathaniel,  b.  17  Nov.  1719  ;  Amos, 
b.  21  Ap.  1721  ;  Abigail,  b.  2  Jan.  1722-3;  Mary,  b.  21  Jan.  1725-6  ;  Eleanor, 
b.  13  June  1727;  Kezia,  b.  16  Oct.  1731;  Hannah,  b.  29  Nov.   1733. 

7.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (3),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  John  Mason,  and  had 
Edmund,  b.  2  Feb.   1735-6;  Sarah,  b.   1   May  1738,  m.  William  Tidd,  and 
rem.  to  New  Braintree ;  Catherine,  b.  29   Sept.  1740,  m.  Maj.  Joseph  Bow- 
man 22  Nov.  1764,  and  d.  at  New  Braintree   30   Ap.  1824;    William,  b.  28 
Oct.  1742;  Abigail,  b.  24  Feb.  1744;  Nehemiah,b.  1  July  1747.     WILLIAM 
the  f.  resided  at  Lex.,  and  d.  18  Aug.  1747,  a.  43. 

8.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  George  (4),  m.  Rebecca  Locke  6  Mar.  1734-5,  and  had 
James,  b.  12  Dec.   1735;  Isaac,  b.  11    Sept.  1737;  Asa,  b.  29  Dec.   1739,  d. 
unm.  at  Lex.  20  Feb.  1825  ;  Rebecca,  b.  12  Jan.  1741-2,  d.  unm.  6  Sept.  1767; 
Lydia,  b.  21  Feb.  1743-4,  m.  Phineas  Parker  of  Reading   23  June  1768,  and 
d.  6   Oct.  1781;  Amos,  b.  31   May  1746,  d.  unm.  5  July  1765;  Mary,  b.  10 
Oct.  1748,  m.  Samuel  Sanderson  27  Oct.  1772,  d.  at  Lexington  15  Oct.  1852, 
aged  104;  Hannah,  b.  26   Sept.  1751,  m.  William  Porter,  Jr.,  of  Woburn   13 
Jan.   1774,  and  d.  28   Mar.   1834;  Philemon,  b.    30  Oct.  1753;   William,  b. 
29  Aug.   1756.     WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  10  July  1778,  a.  78;  his 
w.   Rebecca  d.  9  Oct.   1798,  a.  87. 

9.  EDMUND,  s.  of  William  (7),  m.  Rebecca  Harrington  31  Aug.  1768,  and 
had  Pamela,  b.  17  Sept.  1769,  d.  29   Sept.  1770;  Rebecca,  b.  27  June  1771; 
Pamela,  b.  20  Sept.   1773;  Edmund,  b.    13  Oct.  1775,  a  printer  in  Boston; 
Abigail,  b.  6  Dec.  1777.    EDMUND  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.  and  was  one  of  the  noble 
band  who  withstood  the  British  troops,  on  the  morning  of  19  Ap.  1775.     He 
entered  the  Revolutionary  Army,  and  was  slain  at  Monmouth,  while  doing 
battle  for  his  country  28  June  1778. 

10.  JAMES,  s.  of  William  (8),  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of  Jacob  Watson,  18  Aug. 
1763;  she  d.,  and  he  m.  wid.  Sarah  Hancock,  dau.  of  Ebenezer  Wyeth,  23 
July  1783.     His  chil.  were  Lucy,  b.  1  June  1764,  d.  unm.  of  paralysis  5  Ap. 
1812;    Rebecca,  b.  6   Nov.   1767,  d.  unm.,  bur.  14    May  1838;  Lydia,  b.  22 
May  1772,  d.  25  Sept.  1773  ;  James,  b.  14  June  1775;  Lydia,  b.  30  Ap.  1777, 
d.  young;  Nathaniel,  b.  7  Mar.  1784;  Sarah  Tapley,  b.  20  Aug.  1785,  m.  Peter 
Coolidge  of  Framingham  28  June  1813,  and  d.  1823;  Susan,  b.  8  Aug.  1786, 
d.   13   Ap.   1863;  Mary,   b.   19  Dec.   1788,  d.  16    Sept.   1863.     JAMES  the  f. 
was  a  blacksmith,  settled  here  in  early  life,  and  res.  on  the  northerly  side 
of  Brattle  Street,  between  James  and  Mason  streets.     He  was  Deacon  of  the 


614  MUNROE  —  MUTCHLN  — MUZZEY. 

Church  from  30  June  1783,  and  d.  14  Sept.  1804,  a.  69;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  of 
paralysis  31  Mar.  1815,  a.  69. 

11.  ISAAC,  s.  of  William  (8),  was  a  currier,   and  resided   principally  at 
Menot,  where  he  d.  17  July  1791,  a.  53,  "  by  the  bite  of  a  venomous  insect," 
leaving  chil.  Isaac,  Amos,  and  William. 

12.  PHILEMON,  s.  of  William  (8),  was  a  farmer,  res.  in  Lex.,  m.  Rhoda 
Mead  13  Sept.  1786,  and  had  Thomas,  Betsey,  Edwin,  Charles,  Harrison,  and 
others.     He  d.  17  Oct.  1806. 

13.  WILLIAM,  s  of  William  (8),  was  a  farmer,  res.  in  Lex.,  and  d.  1  May 
1837,  a.  80.     His  s.  William,  of  Chs.,  was  father  of  William  A.  Munroe,  a 
trader  in  Cambridge. 

14.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (10),  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Nathan  Watson,   10 
June  1804,  and  had  Nathan  Watson,  b.   7  July   1806,  grad.   H.  C.  1830,  an 
Episcopal  clergyman  residing  here;  James,  b.  15  Dec.  1808,  m.  Sarah  R.  M. 
Fiske  8  Oct.  1834,  publisher  and  bookseller  in  Boston  and  Camb.,  d.  12  Jan. 
1861;   William  Watson,  b.  26   Mar.  1810,  a  grocer,  res.  here  and  d.  14   Aug. 
1876  ;  Isaac,  b.  1812,  d.  23  Sept.  1817;   Charles  Augustus,  b.  1815,  d.  28  Sept. 
1817.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  James 
Street;  he  was  Deacon  of  the  Church  from  2  Aug.  1818  until  he  d.  31  May 
1848  ;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  28  Feb.  1852,  a.  78. 

15.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  James   (10),  m.  Martha  Lewis  12  Dec.   1802;  she 
d.  23  Mar.  1822,  and  he  m.  Rebecca  Kent  6  Feb.  1823.     His  chil.  were  Na- 
thaniel, b.  Mar.  1804,  d.  14   Sept.  1805;  James,  b.  29   Nov.  1805,  d.  17   Mar. 
1822;  Martha,  b.  1807,  d.  2  Jan.  1830;  Nathaniel,  b.  1810,  d.  21  Nov.   1822; 
Rebecca  R. ;  and  others.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  8  June  1854;  hisw.  Rebecca 
d.  9  Mar.  1871,  a.  80. 

16.  AMOS,  s.  of  Isaac  (11),  b.  31  Mar.  1766,  m.  Ruth  Prentice  18  Dec. 
1803,  and  had  Henry  P.,  b.  17  July  1804,  m.  Eunice  M.  E.  Burt  Oct.  1827; 
Francis  W.,  b.  22  May  1807,  m.  Sarah  B.  Coolidge  Sept.  1829,  and  d.  15  July 
1838;  Mary  Ann  Bird,  b.  7  June   1809,  d.  unm.  31  Aug.  1873;  Amos,  b.  27 
Oct.  1811,  m.  Celina  Robbins  30  Sept.  1852,  and  had  dau.  Caroline  Celina,  b. 
9  Aug.  1853;   Caleb  S.,  b.  18  Mar.  1815,  m.  Mary  Ann  Bowen  8  Dec.  1836, 
and  d.  26  Mar.  1870.     AMOS  the  f.  res.  at  the  northeasterly  corner  of  Pearl 
and  Auburn  streets  from  about  1805  until  he  d.  5  Sept.  1829;  his  w.  Ruth  d. 
17  June  1853,  a.  nearly  84. 

MUTCHIN,  CHRISTOPHER,  was  elected  Hog-reeve  1639. 

MUZZEY,  HESTER  (or  Esther,  otherwise  written  Muzzy,  Mussey,  Musse, 
Muse),  was  here  in  1633,  and  two  years  later  she  owned  a  house  on  the  west- 
erly side  of  Holyoke  Street,  where  the  printing-house  now  stands.  In  1635 
she  in.  William  Ruskew  (Reskie  or  Roscoe),  and  soon  went  to  Hartford. 

2.  BENJAMIN,  sometimes  styled  of  Maiden  and  sometimes  of  Rumney 
Marsh,  m.  Alice,  dau.  of  Richard  Dexter  of  Maiden,  where  he  had  Benjamin, 
b.  16  Ap.  1657;  Joseph,  b.  1  Mar.  1658-9.  He  had  also  Richard:  and  Sarah, 
who  m.  John  Waite  before  1697.  In  1678  he  bought  15  acres  in  Chs.  which 
he  sold  in  1682;  in  1680  he  bought  250  acres  in  Billerica;  at  both  these  pe- 
riods he  was  of  Rumney  Marsh.  He  d.  before  26  Jan.  1696-7. 

8.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (2),  was  of  Rumney  Marsh  in  1675,  when  he 
was  impressed  as  a  "  trooper  "  in  an  expedition  against  the  Indians.  He  re- 
moved to  Camb.  before  1681,  and  in  1693  he  bought  206  acres  at  the  Farms, 
where  he  subsequently  resided,  and  where  his  posterity  remain  to  this  day. 

He  m.  Sarah ,  who  d.  28  Jan.  1710,  and  he  m.  Jane .  His  chil.  were 

Mary,  b.  13  July  1683;  John,  b.  about  1686;  Benjamin,  b.  20  Feb.  1689-90; 

Richan/,  b.  ,  d.  unm.  1719;  Amos,  b.  6  Jan.  1699-1700;  Bethia,b.  15  Ap. 

1701;  Thomas,  bap.  1  Sept.  1706,  d.  26  Nov.  1740.  BENJAMIN  the  f.  d.  5 
May  1732  ;  his  w.  Jane  survived. 

4.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (3),  res.  at  the  Farms.  He  was  in  an  expe- 
dition against  the  Indians  in  1707,  when  he  was  taken  prisoner,  and  remained 
in  captivity  at  Canada  until  1710,  and  perhaps  longer.  He  subsequently  re- 
turned, and  by  w.  Patience,  had  Joseph,  John,  Benjamin,  Esther,  m.  

Meriam  ;  Mary,  m. Reed.  He  d.  19  Jan.  1764;  his  w.  Patience  d.  7 

Oct.  1767,  a.  79. 


MUZZEY— NUTTING.  615 

5.  AMOS,  s.  of  Benjamin   (3),  m.  Esther  Green  26   Sept.  1734,  and  had 
Esther,  b.  11  June  1735  ;  Sarah,  b.  30   Mar.  1737;  Amos,  b.  7  June   1739,  d. 
July  1740;  Amo*.  b.  24  May,  1741  ;    William,  b.  31  July  1743;  Samuel,  b.  12 
July  1745,  d.   23  Aug.  1747;  Bethia,  b.  8  July  1747;  Mary,  b.  8   Sept.  1749; 
Benjamin,  b.  25  Jan.  1752,  grad.  H.  C.  1774,  d.  1777.     AMOS  the  f.  res.  in 
Lex.  and  d.  26  June  1752;  his  wid.  Esther  m.  Thomas  Prentice,  Esq.,  of  New- 
ton 4  May  1758,  who  removed  to  Lex.  and  d.  there  31  Mar.  1760,  a.  49;  and 
she  m.  Capt.  Samuel  Whittemore  of  Carnb.  15  Aug.  1765,  who  d.  2  Feb.  1793; 
a.  96^  years;  she  returned  again  to  Lex.  and  d.  9  Sept.  1801,  a.  84. 

6.  AMOS,  s.  of  Amos  (5),  m.  Abigail  Bowers  of  Billerica,  and  had  in  Lex. 
Amos,  b.  19  Ap.  1766;  Joxiah,  b.  4  Nov.  1767;  Abigail,  b.  27  May  1769;    Wil- 
liam, b.  20  May  1771.     AMOS  the  f.  d.  10  Dec.  1822. 

7.  AMOS,  s.  of  Amos  (6),  m.  Lydia  Botitelle  of  Leominster,  and  had  in  Lex. 
Elmira,  b.  21   Oct.  1794,  m.  Charles  Reed  23   Oct.  1817,  d.  15  Nov.  1819; 
Benjamin,  b.  13  Dec.  1795,  d.  suddenly  in  Boston   21  Ap.  1848,  leaving  wid. 
and  children;  Lydia,  b.  11  June  1799,  m.  Samuel  Chandler  (late  Sheriff  of 
Middlesex)   29  Oct.  1818;    Artemas   Botcers,  b.  21   Sept.  1802,  grad.  H.  C. 
1824,  ordained  at  Framingham  10  June  1830,  resigned  18  May  1833,  installed 
over  Cambridgeport  Parish  1  Jan.  1834,  resigned  4  May  1846,  commenced  his 
ministry  with  the  Lee  Street  Society  7  Sept.   1846,  resigned  20  Feb.   1854, 
installed  at  Concord,  N.  H.,  29  Mar.  1854,  resigned  May  1857,  installed  at 
Newburyport  3  Sept.  1857,  resigned  May  1865,  returned  to  Camb.  where  he 
has  since  resided,  preaching  statedly  at  Chestnut  Hill,  Newton;  he  has  two 
sons,  Henry  W.,  LL.  B.  1855,  a   lawyer  in  Camb.;  and  David  P.,  practised  law 
about  a  year,  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  23  May  1861,  served  through  the 
war,    and  was   discharged  as   Lieut. -colonel   8    Oct.    1865,   grad.   from   the 
Harvard  Divinity  School  1869;  ordained  at  Littleton  Oct.  1869,  resigned  Ap. 
1871,  settled  at  Stow  July  1872,  resigned   Sept.  1876;  Abigail,  b.  26  Nov. 
1804,  m.  Samuel  Chandler  11  Sept.  1834;  Amos  Otis,  b.  11  June  1808,  d.  20 
Jan.  1812. 

MYGATE,  JOSEPH  (otherwise  written  Mygatt,  probably  the  same  whose 
name  appears  among  the  freemen  of  1635  as  Maggott),  was  here  in  1634,  and 
res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue  in  1636.  He  rem.  to  Hartford  and 
was  Townsman,  or  Selectman  there  in  1639.  Hinman  says,  "  He  was  the 
ancestor  of  the  Mygatts  in  Fairfield  and  Litchfield  counties,"  and  "  a  valua- 
ble man  in  the  Colony." 

NKEDHAM,  JOHN,  of  Boston  (otherwise  written  Neadom,  and  Nedam),  m. 
Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Zechariah  Hicks,  10  Oct.  1679,  and  had  Elizabeth,  Hannah, 
Margaret,  Zechariah,  and  Mehetabel.  The  mother  d.  4  Feb.  1690-91,  a.  36; 
the  chil.  were  placed  under  the  guardianship  of  their  grandfather  Hicks,  and 
some  or  all  of  them  probably  became  members  of  his  household.  Elizabeth, 
m.  John  Maynard  of  Sudbury  7  Dec.  1713;  Mehetabel,  m.  Jonathan  Maynard 
of  Sudbury  10  Dec.  1714. 

NEWMAN,  PATIENCE,  m.  Nathaniel  Sparhawk  3  Oct.  1649.  SAMUEL,  of 
Rehoboth,  m.  Hannah  Bunker  2  May  1689;  the  same  SAMUEL  (probably), 
ra.  wid.  Theodosia  Wiswall  before  1709. 

NICHOLS,  THOMAS,  owned  house  and  nine  acres  near  Fresh  Pond  in  1638. 

NORCROSS,  JOHN  (otherwise  written,  Norcrost),  in  1642  had  22  acres  on 
the  south  side  of  the  river. 

NUTTING,  JOHN,  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants  of  Groton,  by  w.  Sarah, 
had  Sarah,  b.  29  May  1663;  Ebenezer,  b.  23  Oct.  1666  ;  Jonathan,  b.  17  Oct. 
1668. 

2.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (1),  was  probably  the  same  who  res.  in  Medf. 
and  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Lydia,  b.  5  Nov.  1692;  Jonathan,  b.   31  Jan.   1694-5; 
Sarah,  b.  11  Aug    1698;  Ebcnezcr,  b.  9  Aug.  1700;  James,  b.  31  Jan.  1703-4; 
Josiah,  b.  about  1706;   John,  b.   23  Mar.   1708-9;  Benjamin,  b.  7  Sept.  1711; 
Mary.     EBENEZER  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  was  described  in  a  deed,  as 
of  Camb.  1697.     His  estate  was  settled  6  July  1733. 

3.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  Elizabeth  had  Hannah,  m.  John  Gross 
of  Boston,  17  Ap.  1710,  and Shepard  of  Boston,  and  was  living  in  1746 ; 


616  NUTTING— OAKES. 

Sarah,  m.  John  Gay,  and  d.  1772;  John,  b.  1695,  grad.  H.  C.  1712,  Master 
of  the  Grammar  School  at  Salem  1719-1749,  Ruling  Elder  of  a  new  church  at 
Salem  1736,  Notary  Public  1755,  Collector  of  Customs  at  Salem  and  Marble- 
head  1768,  and  d.  20  May  1790;  Jonathan;  these  four  were  bap.  here,  18  July 
1697  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  9  Oct.  1698,  d.  unm.  between  20  Ap.  and  2  June  1785  ; 
Samuel,  b.  1  Aug.  1701;  James,  bap.  25  Ap.  1703;  Ebenczer,  bap.  25  Mar. 
1705  ;  prob.  d.  young;  Mary,  m.  Paul  Nowell  of  York,  living  in  1785.  JONA- 
THAN the  f.  was  a  gunsmith  and  locksmith  ;  in  1695  he  bought  house  and  land 
at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Bow  and  Holyoke  streets,  but  at  a  later  period  he  owned 
and  occupied  the  square  inclosed  by  Dunster,  Winthrop,  Holyoke,  and  South 
streets,  except  the  southeast  corner.  He  d.  1735;  his  w.  Elizabeth  and  seven 
children  survived. 

4.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (3),  settled  in  Wrentham,  where  he  d.  before 
1735.     His  .children  were  Jonathan;  Elizabeth,  b.  1726,  was  placed  under  the 
guardianship  of  John  Gay  of  Camb.  30  Nov.  1737,  being  then  described  as  in 
the  twelfth  year  of  her  age,  m.  John  Hicks  26  Ap.  1 748,  and  died  Dec. 
(buried  the  22d)  1825,  a.  99;  Hannah. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Jonathan  (3),  was  a  brickmaker,  resided  a  few  years  in 
Medf.,  where  two  of  his  children  were  born,  afterwards  in  Camb.,  and  re- 
moved to  Wat.  as  early  as  1746.     His  children  were  Samuel,  b.  16  Oct.  1729; 
Elizabeth,  b.  7  June  1731;  Jonathan,  bap.  here  15  June  1735;  Joseph,  bap.  14 
Aug.  1737,  d.  young;  Joseph,  bap.  6  May  1739. 

6.  JAMES,  s.  of  Jonathan  (3),  by  w.  Mercy,  had  Ebenezer,  b.  15  May  1728; 
Mary,  bap.   15  May  1730;  James,  b.  about  1734,  d.    1758,   and  his  mother 
administered  1  Jan.    1759;   Ebenezer,   bap.    30  Jan.    1736-7,  was  of  Salem 
1799;  John,  bap.  21  Jan.  1738-9;  Jonathan,  bap.  14  June  1741;   Samuel,  bap. 
15  Ap.  1  744.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  locksmith,  and  resided  on  the  westerly  side 
of  Dunster  Street,  about  midway  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount  Auburn 
Street.     He  d.  about  1 745,  and  his  w.  Mercy  who  was  appointed  administra- 
trix 27  Jan.  1745,  remained  a  widow,  and  dwelt  on  the  homestead  more  than 
half  a  century;  she  died  of  a  cancer  2  May  1799,  at  the  age  of  98  years, 
according  to  the  record  of  Dr.  Holmes. 

7.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  James  (6),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  26  Ap.  1762, 
d.  12  Ap.  1766;  John,  b.  3  Mar.  1764;  Mercy,  bap.  3  Mar.  1766;  Mary,  bap. 
6  Mar.  1768;  Elizabeth,  bap.  6  May  1770.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and 
in  1 761  bought  house  and  one  fourth  acre  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue, 
near  the  Common,  which  estate  he  mortgaged  to  John  Walton  of  Reading 
1770;  Walton's  Executor  took  possession  of  the  estate  1786,  and  it  became 
the  residence  of  Deacon  John  Walton.     In  the  Revolution,  Mr.  Nutting  ad- 
hered to  the  King,  and  was  proscribed  by  the  Act  of  1778.     Whether  he  re- 
turned is  not  ascertained. 

8.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  James  (6),  was  a  trader  in  Chs.     He  was  probably 
the  same  who  sold  the  estate  formerly  of  John  Gay  in  1  785,  then  styled  trader 
of  Boston,  and  having  repurchased  a  part  of  it,  sold  it  again  to  Judge  Win- 
throp in  1 786,  then  styled  trader  of  Reading. 

9.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  James  (6),  grad.  H.  C.  1768,  was  a  physician,  and  res. 
here.     The  Overseers  of  the  Poor  6  Mar.   1793,   "agreed  with  Dr.  Samuel 
Nutting,  for  the  current  year,  as  Warden  to  the  Poor's  House,  and  as  Physi- 
cian to  the  Poor,  for  £16;  his  son  to  do  the  errands."     This  situation  he  re- 
tained until  his  death  8  Jan.  1797,  after  which  his  wid.  Elizabeth  acted  in 
place  of  a  Warden  until  Dec.  1802.     Their  children  are  not  found  on  record. 

OAKES,  EDWARD  (otherwise  written  Okes),  was  here  in  1640.  By  w. 
Jane  he  had,  in  England,  Urian,  b.  about  1631;  Edward,  living  in  1658; 
and  in  Camb.,  Mary,  m.  John  Flint  of  Concord  12  Nov.  1667;  Thomas,  b.  18 
June  1644.  EDWARD  the  f.  was  a  prominent  and  useful  citizen;  he  was 
Selectman  twenty-nine  years,  between  1642  and  1678,  and  Representative 
seventeen  years,  between  1659  and  1681.  He  was  also  Representative  for 
Concord  1683,  1684,  and  1686.  He  was  appointed  Quartermaster  of  the 
Troop  1656,  and  twenty  years  later  was  engaged  in  Philip's  War,  with  the 
title  of  Cornet  or  Lieutenant,  —  unless,  indeed,  this  last  service  was  per- 


OAKES— OLDHAM.  617 

formed  by  his  son  of  the  same  name.  He  d.  13  Oct.  1689,  according  to  the 
Concord  Records;  if  the  date  be  correct  he  was  85  years  old ;  his  w.  Jane  was 
living  24  Dec.  1691,  when  she  petitioned  for  leave  to  sell  real  estate. 

2.  THOMAS,  brother  to  Edward  (1),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  3 
Nov.  1646,  d.  young;  Thomas,  b.  5  Nov.  1648,  d.  14  Jan.  1648-9;  Elizabeth, 
b.  26  May  1650,  m.  Lemuel  Jenkins  of  Maiden  ;  Hannah,  b.  4  May  1657,  m. 
Joseph  Waite  of  Maiden;  Thomas,  b.  18  Mar.  1658-9,  after  his  father's  death. 
THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  resided  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden 
Street,  near  Concord  Avenue.     He  d.  in  1658;  his  wid.  Elizabeth  m.  Samuel 
Hayward  of  Maiden.     She  removed  with  her  children  to  Maiden,  the  resi- 
dence of  her  husband.      By  the  Camb.    Records,  it  appears  that  Elizabeth 
Oakes  m.   Seth  Sweetser  Ap.  1661;  if  this  were  the   same,  she  must  have 
soon  lost  her  second  husband  and  married  a  third;  for  her  dau.  Abigail,  by 
her  husband  Hayward,  was  bap.  here  23  Sept.  1666. 

3.  URIAN,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  grad.  H.  C.   1649,  went  to  England  and  was 
minister  at  Titchfield  until  he  was  silenced  in  1662,  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 
On  invitation  of  the  Church,  communicated  by  a  special  messenger,  he  re- 
turned, and  was  installed  here  8  Nov.  1671.     He  was  elected  President  of 
Harvard  College  1675,  but  declined  the  appointment;  he  acted,  however,  as 
President  pro  tempore,  until  2  Feb.  1680,  when  he  was  fully  inducted  into 
office.     He  continued  to  perform  the  duties  of  President  and  Pastor  (having 
an  assistant  in  the  latter  office)  until  his  life  was  suddenly  terminated   by 
fever  25  July  1681.     His  w.  d.  in  England  1669,  about  two  years  before  his 
return  hither.     His  children  were  all  born  there,  and  consequently  no  record 
of  them  is  found  here.     He  had  a  son  Edioard,  who  was  a  joint  administrator 
on  his  estate;  he  was  prob.  the  same  who  grad.  H.  C.  1679,  and  preached  for 
a  short  time  at  Branford  and  New  London,  but  d.  before  1698;  Urian,  grad. 
H.  C.  1678,  and  d.  13  June  1679,  "  at  22  years  of  age,  after  almost  two  years' 
languishing  by  a  consumption;"  and  Laurence,  styled  B.  A.,  though  his  name 
does  not  appear  on  the  Catalogue,  who  d.  13  June  1679,  a.  18,  was  probably 
son  of  Rev.  Urian  Oakes;  perhaps  he  had  completed  his  studies,  but  was  cut 
off  by  death  shortly  before  the  Commencement;  he  had  certainly  been  in 
Camb.   a  considerable  time;   for   he   gave   a   deposition   concerning   Indian 
troubles  1  Oct.  1677,  in  which  he  is  described  as  about  fifteen  years  of  age. 
Hannah,  who  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Angier  2  Sept.  1680,  and  d.  15  Aug.  1714,  a. 
55,  was  buried  here,  and  her  epitaph  describes  her  as    "  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Urian   Oakes,   sometime   President  of   Harvard   College   and  Pastor  of 
Cambridge."    Judge  Sewall  in  noticing  her  death  calls  her  the  "  only  surviv- 
ing child  "  of  her  father. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1662,  was  a  physician  in  Boston. 
He  was  eminent  in  his  profession,  and  also  as  a  politician.     He  was  Repre- 
sentative of  Boston  and  Speaker  of  the  House  1689,  and  Assistant.  1690,  1691, 
1692,  during  a  part  of  which  time  he  was  in  England,  as  an  agent  to  assist  in 
procuring  a  restoration  of  the  Charter.     He  had  been  a  prominent  advocate 
of  the  rights  of  the  Colony,  and  a  sturdy  opposer  of  the  encroachments  by  the 
crown;  so  much  so,  that  he  was  selected  by  Randolph  as  one  of  the  number 
against  whom  he  exhibited  articles  of  impeachment  in  1681.     He  was  subse- 
quently a  Representative  for  Boston,  elected  Speaker  and  Councillor,  but 
negatived  by  Gov.  Dudley,  as  to  both  offices,  and  was  a  prominent  leader  in 
the  opposition  to  Dudley's  government.     He  d.  at  Wellfleet  15  July  1719,  a. 
75.     His  w.  Martha  d.  at  Boston   19  Ap.  1719,  a.  70,  and  was  buried  here. 
Their  youngest  son  Josiah,  grad.  H.  C.  1708,  preached  in  Wellfleet  several 
years,  and  d.  there  in  1732,  a.  44. 

OLDHAM,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Oldam),  was  here  as  early  as  1650, 
and  by  w.  Martha,  had  Samuel,  and  John.  RICHARD  the  f.  res.  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river,  and  d.  9  Dec.  1655;  his  w.  Martha  m.  Thomas  Brown  7 
Oct.  1656. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Richard  Dana,  5  Jan. 
1670-71,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  27  May  1672,  d.  4  Jan.  1672-3  ;  Samuel,  b.  15 
Jan.  1673-4,  d.  24  Aug.  1675;  Hannah,  b.  25  Mar.  1676,  d.  9  July  1676  ; 


618  OLDHAM  —  OLIVER. 

Andrew,  b.  22  Ap.  1677,  d.  12  July  1677  ;  Nathaniel,  b. ,  d.  3  May  1678; 

Mary,  b.  1  June  1679,  m.  James  Read  3  Ap.  1722  ;  Hannah,  b.  10  Oct.  1681, 

m.  Amos  Gates  19  May  1703;  Ann,  b. ,  living  in  1727.      SAMUEL  the  £. 

d.  between  13  July  1727,  and  10  June  1728. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Abigail  Wood   22  July  1675,  and  had  John, 
b.  20  July  1676;  Abigail,  b.  28  Nov.  1679,  in.  Capt.   Samuel  Frothingham  of 
Chs.  23  Nov.  1708.     JOHN  the  f.  was  Selectman  fifteen  years,  between  1695 
and  1714,  and  d.  14  Oct.  1719,  a.  66  ;  his  second  w.  Elizabeth  survived  him. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Mindwell  Parks  1  Nov.  1720,  and  had  John,  b. 
18  Dec.   1720;  Samuel,  b.  26  Aug.  1722;  Mary,  b.  10  Mar.  1727-8;  besides 
these  were  Abigail,  who  d.  unm.  20  Oct.  1743;  Jonathan,  and  Elizabeth,  named 
in  their  father's  will.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  between  7   Mar.  and  9  July  1733;  his 
w.  Mindwell  m.  Joseph  Fessenden  6  Dec.  1733. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Sarah  Chadwick  2  June  1743,  and  had  Abigail, 
b.  18  Mar.  1743-4,  d.  26  May  1744  ;  Sarah,  b.  30  July  1746  ;  Susanna,  b.  11 
Mar.  1748-9;  Abigail,  b.  3  Ap.   1752;  John,  b.  1  Nov.  1754.     JOHN  the  f.  d. 
and  his  w.  Sarah  administered  21  Feb.  1757. 

OLIVER,  THOMAS,  an  Elder  of  the  First  Church  in  Boston,  came  to  N.  Eng. 
1631,  and  d.  1657.  By  his  w.  Ann,  he  had  James;  John;  Peter;  Samuel; 
Nathaniel,  who  was  killed  by  the  fall  of  a  tree  9  Jan.  1632-3,  a.  15;  and 
Daniel. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1645,  was  a  preacher  at  Winnisimmet 
(Chelsea)  several  years.     He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  John  Newgate,  and  had 
John,  b.  1638,  d.  1639;  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Feb.  1640,  m.  Enoch  AViswall;  Han- 
nah, b.  1642,  d.  1653  ;  John,  b.  2  Ap.  1644,  res.  in  Boston;  Thomas,  b.  10  Feb. 
1645-6.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  12  Ap.  1646;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Edward  Jackson 
of  Cambridge  14  Mar.  1648-9,  and  d.  30  Sept.  1709,  a.  92. 

3.  PETEH,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  admitted  freeman  1640,  was  an  eminent  mer- 
chant in  Boston,  where  he  d.  1670.     He  had  sons  Nathaniel,  b.  8  Mar.  1652, 
a  member  of  the  Council  of  Safety  1689,  d.  in  Boston  15  Ap.  1704,  described 
in  an  obituary  as  "  a  principal  merchant  "  of  Boston ;  Peter,  b.  3  Mar.  1654-5, 
grad.  H.  C.  1675;  James,  b.  19  Mar.  1658-9;  Daniel,  b.  28  Feb.  1663-4.     He 
had  also  dau.  Sarah,  who  m.  John  Noyes;  and   another  dau.  Mary,  who  m. 
Deac.  Nathaniel  Williams  of  Boston,  and  was  mother  of  Nathaniel,  b.  25  Aug. 
1675,  grad.  H.  C.  1693,  ordained  in  the  College  Chapel  1698,  as  an  evangelist 
to  preach  the  gospel  in   Barbadoes,  but  his  health  would  not  permit  him  to 
remain  there;  he  returned  and  was  master  of  the  Grammar  School  in  Boston, 
with  Cheever,  from  1 703  to  1 708,  and  sole  master  from  1 708  to  1 734 ;  he  also 
studied  medicine  with  his  uncle,  Dr.  James  Oliver,  and  as  stated  in  an  obitu- 
ary notice  of  him,  "he  continued  to  preach  ,and  practise  physic  as  occasion 
required,  through  life";  he  d.  10  Jan.  1737-8,  a.  62. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Grace,  dau.  of  Capt.  Thomas  Prentice,  27 
Nov.  1667;  she  d.  30  Sept.  1681,  a.  33,  and  he  m.  Mary  Wilson  19  Ap.  1682. 
His  chil.  were  Grace,  b.  15  Nov.  1668,  d.  16  Nov.  1680 ;  Elizabeth,  b.  11  Ap. 
1670,  d.  22  June  1674;  John,  b.  22  Nov.  1671,  d.  20  Dec.   1673  ;  Hannah,  b. 
16   Aug.  1674,  prob.  d.  young;    Thomas,  b.   22  Aug.  1676,  d.  22  May  1683  ; 
Samuel,  b.  18  May  1679,  d.  young;  John,  b.  9  July  1683,  d.  23   Sept.   1683; 
Nathaniel,  b.  1   Feb.  1684-5;   Mary,  b.  20   Mar.  1687-8;    Sarah,  b.  14  Nov. 

1690,  m.  Rev.  Caleb  Trowbridge  of  Groton  10  Mar.  1714;  Abigail,  b. ,  m. 

Benjamin  Prescott  of  Groton   12  June  1718,  and  was  mother  of  Col.  William 
Prescott  of  Bunker  Hill  memory,  and  his  brothers,  James,  Sheriff  and  Judge 
C.  C.  P.,  and  Oliver,  Judge  of  Probate  for  Middlesex  County  ;  Peter;  Thomas, 
b.  17  July  1700,  grad.  H.  C.  1719,  a  schoolmaster;  Samuel,  b.  12  Jan.  1702-3, 
d.  unm.  2  Dec.  1729.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  brought  here  when  a  child  by  his 
mother,  who  m.  Edward  Jackson.     He  settled  in  that  part  of  the  town  which 
now  forms  the  westerly  border  of  Brighton  District,  but  retained  his  connec- 
tion with  the  Church  at  Newton,  of  which  he  was  a  Deacon.     He  was  Select- 
man of  Camb.  1687,  Representative  18  years,  between  1692  and  1713,  and 
Councillor  1715.     He  d.  31  Oct.  or  1  Nov.  1715;  his  w.  Mary  survived. 

5.  JAMES,  s.  of  Peter  (3),  m.  Mercy,  dau.  of  Dr.  Samuel  Bradstreet,  and 


OLIVER.  619 

granddaughter  of  Gov.  Bradstreet,  and  had  Mercy,  b.  about  1694,  d.  unra. 
21  Feb.  1773,  a.  78  ;  Sarah,  bap.  20  Dec.  1696,  m.  Jacob  Wendell,  an  eminent 
merchant  of  Boston,  12  Aug.  1714,  and  d.  22  July  1762;  from  this  marriage 
have  descended  many  distinguished  persons.  JAMES  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1680, 
was  an  eminent  physician,  resided  on  what  is  known  as  the  Winthrop  estate, 
where  the  present  house  stands,  between  Mount  Auburn  and  Arrow  streets, 
and  d.  8  Ap.  1703,  a.  43;  his  w.  Mercy  d.  29  Mar.  1710,  a.  42,  and  her  cousin, 
the  Rev.  William  Brattle,  was  appointed  guardian  to  her  children. 

6.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Peter  (3),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Andrew  Belcher,  and 
sister  to.  Gov.  Jonathan  Belcher  23    Ap.    1696,  and  had   Daniel,  b.  14  Jan. 
1703-4,  grad.  H.  C.  1722,  d.  at  London  of  small-pox   5  July  1727;  Andrew, 
b.  28  Mar.  1706,  grad.  H.  C.  1724,  Secretary  and  Lieut. -governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts; Peter,  b.  26  Mar.  1713,  grad.  H.  C.  1730,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supe- 
rior  Court  of  Massachusetts,   and  the  last  who  held  that  office  before  the 
Revolution.     DANIEL  the  f.  d.  in  Boston  of  apoplexy  23  July  1732;  his  w. 
Elizabeth  d.  21  May  1 735. 

7.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (4),  by  w.   Bethia,  had  Mary,   b.  15   Sept. 
1716,  m.   Thomas  Sparhawk,  Esq.,  14  Jan.  1730-31,  and  was  living  in  1779. 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  not  the  Chelsea  schoolmaster  and    magistrate  who 
grad.  H.  C.  1701,  as  some  have  supposed,  but  a  farmer  or  "  yeoman."     He 
d.  11  Mar.  1727-8;  his  w.  Bethia  d.  Dec.  1774,  a.  81. 

8.  PETER,  s.  of  Thomas  (4),  m.  Mary  Mattucks,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  about 
1716;   Thomas,  b.   about   1718;  Peter,  b.   about  1720;  Mary,   b.  about   1722, 
prob.  rn.  Abraham  Frost  8  June  1  747;  Samuel,  b.  about  1726,  prob.  the  mari- 
ner on  whose  estate  Abraham  Frost  administered  21   Dec.   1764;  Surah,  b. 
about  1728.     The  dates  of  birth  are  estimated  from   the  ages  specified  in  the 
guardianship  granted  to  their  mother  Mary  30  July  1731.     PETER  the  f.  was 
styled  "  Captain  "  and  d.  7  Dec.  1729. 

9.  THOMAS,  prob.  s.  of  Peter  (8),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Bradish, 
and  had  Rebecca,  b.  about  1740,  m.  William  Manning,  Jr.,  26  Nov.  1772,  andd. 
19  Ap.  1821,  a.  81;  Mary,  bap.  30  Oct.  1743;  Hepzibah,  bap.  27  Ap.  1746, 
in.  John  Wyman  of  Woburn   1    Aug.   1765.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  about  1746; 
his  w.  Rebecca  purchased  her  father's  homestead  in  1746,  a  part  of  which 
she  immediately  sold  to  Capt.  William  Angler,  and  occupied  the  remainder 
until  4  Nov.  1762;  when  she  sold  it  to  her  brother  Isaac  Bradish. 

10.  ROBERT,  styled  "  Esquire,"  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Ann,  dau. 
of  James  Brown,  prob.  of  Antigua;  her  f.  d.  and  her  mother  m.  Isaac  Royal, 
(who  resided  many  years  in  Antigua),  and   had  Col.  Isaac  of  Medford,  and 
Penelope,  who  m.  Col.  Henry  Vassall  of  Cambridge.     Mr.  Oliver  was  of  An- 
tigua in  1738,  where  prob.  most  of  his  children  were  born:  he  returned,  or 
came,  to  N.  Eng.  before  1747,  and  settled  at  Dorchester,  where  he  d.  between 
3  Aug.  1761  and  24  Dec.  1762.      His  children  were  James,  a  physician,  prob. 
d.  before  1761,  as  he  is  not  named  in  his  father's  will;  Thomas,  b.  about  1733; 
Isaac ;  Richard  ;  Elizabeth,  m.  Col.  John  Vassall  the  younger,  of  Cambridge. 

11.  THOMAS,   s.  of  Robert  (8),  m.    Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Col.  John  Vassall, 
Sen.,  1760  (pub.  17  May),  and  had  Anne,  bap.  4  Mar.  1764;  Elizabeth,  bap. 
17  Aug.  1766  ;  Penelope,  bap.  2  Oct.  1768;  and  perhaps  others.     THOMAS  the 
f.  grad.  H.  C.  1753,  he  prob.  resided  at  Dorchester  until  1766,  when  he  pur- 
chased an  estate  on  Elm  wood  Avenue,  near  Mount  Auburn,  and  erected  the 
mansion  afterwards  the  residence  of  Gov.  Gerry,  and  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Lowell, 
now  owned  and  occupied  by  Prof.  James  Russell  Lowell.     Being  a  man  of 
fortune,  he  was  not  actively  engaged  in  business  ;  nor   did  he  mingle  in  the 
stormy  political  contests  of  that  eventful  period,  until,  in  a  day  fatal  to  his 
peace  and  quiet,  he  accepted  the  office  of  Lieutenant-governor  *  of  the  Prov- 

1  He  enjoyed  the  distinction  of  being  the  Lib.),  under  date  of  10  Oct.  1775,  "  Sir  Wil- 

last  Lieut.-governor  of  Mass,  appointed  by  Ham   Howe  succeeds  to  the   military  com- 

the  King.     He  seems  also  to  have  been  the  mand,  and  Lieut. -gov.  T.  Oliver  to  the  civil 

last  representative  of  royal  authority  in  the  department,  and  is  now  Governor  of  Boston 

Province  ;  for  when  Governor  Gage  returned  only,  he  having  jurisdiction  over  no   other 

to  England,  Pemberton  says  in  his  Manu-  town  in  the  province." 
script  Chronology  (in  the  Mass.  Hist.  Soc. 


620  OLIVER  — PADDLEFOOT. 

ince,  and  President  of  a  Council  appointed  by  the  King  in  a  manner  particu- 
larly obnoxious  to  popular  resentment.  On  the  morning  of  2  Sept.  1774,  a 
large  number  of  Middlesex  freeholders  (Gov.  Oliver  says  about  four  thou- 
sand), assembled  at  Cambridge,  and  induced  the  recently  appointed  Manda- 
mus Councillors  to  renounce  their  offices.  The  President  of  the  Council  was 
not  spared ;  but,  though  he  urgently  requested  delay,  inasmuch  as  he  could 
not  with  propriety  renounce  that  office,  while  he  held  that  of  Lieut.-gov.,  yet 
he  finally  yielded,  and  signed  a  solemn  engagement  "  as  a  man  of  honor  and 
a  Christian,"  that  he  would  "never  hereafter,  upon  any  terms  whatsoever, 
accept  a  seat  at  said  Board,  on  the  present  novel  and  oppressive  plan  of 
government."  He  left  Cambridge  immediately,  and  never  returned.  At 
the  evacuation  of  Boston  he  accompanied  the  British  forces,  soon  went  to 
England,  and  d.  at  Bristol  20  Nov.  1815,  a.  82.  He  has  uniformly  been  rep- 
resented as  a  mild  and  quiet  person,  and  gentlemanly  in  deportment.  It  has 
even  been  suggested  that  his  name  was  inserted  in  the  commission  by  mistake  . 
instead  of  the  name  of  Chief  Justice  Peter  Oliver,  a  much  more  active,  rest- 
less man,  and  better  fitted  as  an  unscrupulous  tool  of  an  arbitrary  govern- 
ment. 

OLMSTEAD,  JAMES,  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  and  was  Constable 
1634,  1635.  He  resided  on  the  northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  upon  or  near 
the  spot  occupied  by  what  has  long  been  known  as  the  President's  House,  now 
called  the  Wadsworth  House.  He  rem.  to  Hartford,  and  d.  in  1640  or  1641. 
"  His  children  were  Nicholas  and  Nehemiah.  He  left  a  large  estate  and  gave 
in  his  will  £50  to  the  Church  in  Hartford."  Hinman. 

2.  NICHOLAS,  s.  of  James  (1),  was  early  here  with  his  father,  and  had  a 
house-lot  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  street.     He  rem.  to  Hartford,  was  a 
soldier  at  Mystic  against  the  Pequots  in  1637,  and  was  afterwards  a  Lieuten- 
ant.    He  was  living  in  1672.     Hinman. 

3.  NEHEMIAH,   s.  of  James  (1),  was   undoubtedly  here  with  his  father, 
though  not  named  on  the  Records.     He  was  at  Hartford  in  1649. 

This  name  appears  with  a  fruitful  variety  of  orthography.  Some  of  the 
forms  are  Omsted,  Olmsted,  Olmstead,  Olmsteade,  Olmestead,  Olmesteade, 
Homstead,  Holmstead,  Hompstead,  and  sundry  others. 

OSLAND,  HUMPHREY,  m.  Elizabeth  Hyde  7  Mar.  1666-7,  and  had  Eliza- 
beth, b.  25  Jan.  1667-8,  m.  Nathaniel  Wilson;  John,  b.  10  Oct.  1669;  Hannah, 
m.  Dr.  John  Prentice  1696,  and  d.  1704;  Sarah,  b.  23  Nov.  1683,  m.  Edward 
Prentice.  HUMPHREY  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer,  and  resided  on  the  south  side 
of  the  river,  in  what  is  now  Newton.  He  d.  19  June  1720;  his  w.  Elizabeth 
d.  13  Mar.  1723. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Humphrey  (1),  m.  Sarah  Hyde,  and  d.  in  1733.  About  ten 
years  afterwards  his  estate  was  distributed  to  his  chil.  Jonathan :  Mary,  w.  of 
Philip  Pratt,  Framingham;  Mehetabel,  w.  of  Robert  Paul  of  Union,  Conn.; 
Elizabeth,  w.  of  Josiah  Hyde;  Thankful,  w.  of  Jonathan  Hyde;  Lydia,  w.  of 
Caleb  Hyde;  all  of  Canterbury,  Conn.;  Sarah,  and  Hannah,  both  unm.  at 
the  time  of  division. 

PADDLEFOOT,  JONATHAN  (otherwise  written  Padlefoote,  and  Padlfoote), 
m.  Mary  Blanford  5  Oct.  1652,  and  had  Jonathan,}).  6  July  and  d.  29  Oct. 
1653  ;  Mary,  b.  22  Aug.  1654;  Jonathan,  b.  13  Aug.  1656;  Zechariah,  b.  16 
Dec.  1657,  d.  in  Framingham  7  July  1737;  Edward,  b.  14  June  1660,  "  slayn 
in  the  wars."  (Chart.)  JONATHAN  the  f.  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of  North 
Avenue,  near  the  Railroad  Bridge.  He  d.  1661  ;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Thomas 
Eames,  and  had  son  Thomas,  bap.  here  12  July  1663.  She  subsequently  re- 
moved with  her  husband  and  family  to  Sudbury,  and  thence  to  Framingham, 
where  she  had  five  children,  and  was  killed  bv  the  Indians  at  Framingham  1 
Feb.  1675-6.  Barry. 

JOHN  PADDLEFORD,  grad.  Y.  C.  1768,  was  a  physician  in  Hardwick  sev- 
eral years.  SETH  PADDLEFORD,  grad.  Y.  C.  1770,  was  a  lawyer  in  Hard- 
wick,  removed  to  Taunton,  was  Judge  of  Probate,  and  received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  at  Brown  University.  The  name,  now  generally  written  Padelford, 
still  exists  in  the  southerly  part  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  in  Rhode  Island; 


PADDLEFOOT  — PALMER.  621 

and  the  descent  from  Jonathan  of  Camb.  is  duly  set  forth  in  a  chart  of  the 
family. 

PAINE,  MOSES  (or  Payne),  is  styled  "Mr."  on  our  Records  1639.  In 
1642  he  owned  house  and  land  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  South  and  Dunster 
streets,  which  he  sold  in  1646. 

PALFREY,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Palfray,  Palfraye,  Palfry,  Palfory, 
Paulfrey,  Paulfery),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  William  Bordman,  4  Aug.  1664,  and 
had  liebecca,  b.  15  Sept.  1665,  m.  Joseph  Hicks  24  Nov.  1716;  John,  b.  12 
Ap.  1667,  d.  27  June  1667;  Elizabeth,  b.  24  May  1668;  Martha,  b.  18  May 
1670,  m.  Benjamin  Goddard  30  May  1689;  Thomas,  b.  7  May  1672,  d.  21 
Nov.  1677;  Ruth,  b.  1  Nov.  1677,  d.  unm.  at  Medf.  29  Dec.  1737;  John,  b. 
Jan.  or  Feb.  1688-9,  a  shoemaker,  d.  unm.  1  Dec.  1759.  There  were  at  least 
two  more  daughters,  one  of  whom  was  prob.  Mary,  who  in.  Ebenezer  Williams 
1  Dec.  1700.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of 
North  Avenue,  near  the  Common,  and  d.  in  1689.  The  name,  in  this  family, 
became  extinct. 

PALMER,  STEPHEN,  by  w. ,  had  Stephen,  bap.  18  Ap.  1697.  His  former 

residence  not  ascertained.  He  d.  21  May  1697. 

2.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Stephen  (1),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Sarah,  bap.  6  Nov.  1717, 
m.  Jacob  Hill,  Jr.,  14  Sept.  1732;  Stephen,  bap.  12  Oct.  1718;  Mary,  bap.  20 
Feb.  1720-21,  m.  William  Fessenden ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  21  Ap.  1723,  in.  Joseph 
Gibbs  11   Sept.  1749  ;   Bethia,  bap.  12  Sept.   1725,  m.  John  Ellis,  Jr.,  24  Oct. 
1750;  John,  bap.  26    Nov.  1727   (perhaps  the  same  who  d.  at  an  "  advanced 
age,"  in  Newton,  between  22  Aug.  1808  and  29  Aug.  1809,  naming  in  his  will 
chil.    Thomas,   William  deceased,   Mary  Wiswall,   Ann  Parker,  and  John)  ; 
Joseph,  b.  2  Sept.  1729,  grad.  H.  C.  1747,  ordained  at  Norton  3  Jan.  1753,  and 
d.  4  Ap.  1791.     STEPHEN  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  d.  about  1766,  when  his 
will  was  presented  23  Ap.  by  his  son  Joseph,  one  of  the  executors;  after  whose 
death,  Rev.  John  Ellis  of  Rehoboth  was  appointed  administrator  de  bonis  non. 

3.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Stephen  (2),  m.  Sarah  Gamage  17  Jan.  1750-51,  and  had 
Deborah,  b.  23  Dec.  1751,  d.  3  Feb.  1752;  Stephen,  b.  9  Jan.  1753  ;  John,  b.  22 
Oct.  1754;  Joseph,  b.  7  May  1756;  Joshua,  b.  20  Mar.  1758,  d.  7   Oct.  1759; 
Sarah,  b.  9  Nov.  1759,  m.  John  Warland  5  Feb.  1806,  d.  at  Plymouth;  Joshua, 
b.  2  Sept.  1761,  m.  Mary  Cooper  23  May  1791,  was  a  baker,  resided  here  and 
at  Chs.,  d.  15  Jan.  1832,  leaving  son  John,  merchant  in  Camb.,  and  perhaps 
others;  Benjamin,  b.  24  Aug.  1763,  and  d.  5  Jan.  1764;  Benjamin,  b.  30  Jan. 
1765,  d.  3  Aug.  1773.     STEPHEN  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  resided  near  Brattle 
Square;  he  d.  30  Mar.  1806,  a.  88;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  15  Mar.  1794,  a.  73. 

4.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Stephen  (3),  m.  Thankful  Child  of  Wat.  16  June  1774, 
and  Mary  Bemis  of  Waltham  (pub.  28   Feb.  1777)  ;  his  chil.  were  Thankful, 
bap.  16  Ap.  1775;  Polly,  bap.  28  June  1778,  m.  Samuel  Frost  Wyman  10  Nov. 
1796;  Betsey,  bap.  23  Ap.  1780,  m.  Chas.  Walker  of  Fryeburg,  Me.;  Eunice, 
bap.  9  Dec.  1781   (this   baptism  is  recorded  as  that  of  Eunice,  dau.  of  Mary 
Palmer,  and  underneath  the  line  is  written,  "her  husband  Stephen  Palmer 
was  drowned  ");  Stephen,  s.  of  Stephen  and  Mary,  d.  1  Sept.  1806.     Sarah, 
who  m.  Lemuel  Brown  of  Chs.  7  Dec.  1797,  was  dau.  of  Stephen.     STEPHEN 
the  f.  removed  to  Fryeburg,  Me.,  in  1780,  where  he  was  drowned  1  Sept.  1781. 
Mary  Palmer,  perhaps  wid.  of  Stephen,  m.  Ebenezer  Day  of  Fryeburg,  Me., 
13  Feb.  1783. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Stephen  (3),  m.  Susanna  Stratton  28  Nov.  1781,  and  had 
Susan,  b.  21   Aug.   1782,  d.  7  Mar.  1783;  John,  b.  4  Oct.  1783,  grad.  H.  C. 
1802,  d.  unm.,  of  consumption,  17  Oct.  1802;  Joseph,  b.  27   Sept.  1784,  d.  27 
Mar.  1785  ;   Susanna,  b.   26  Feb.  1786,   m.  Isaac  Jones  2   Ap.  1809,  and  d. 
before  1822,  leaving  an  only  child  Lucy  Ann,  who  m.  William  L.  Whitney 
18  Oct.  1836,  d.  in  childbed,  and  was  buried  12  Aug.  1838,  together  with  her 
child;  Stephen,  b.  14  Mar.  1787,  d.  of  consumption  9  Ap.  1805;  Joseph,  b.  22 
July  1788,  d.  of  consumption  6  Ap.   1807;  Lucy,  b.  16  Oct.   1789,  d.  unm.,  of 
consumption,  14  Ap.  1818;  Abner,  b.  21  Ap.  1793,  d.  of  fever  31  Mar.  1805. 
JOHN  the  f.  was  a  baker  and  trader ;  he  was  also  Major.     He  resided  on  the 
northwesterly  side  of  Brattle  Square.     He  d.  1  Sept.  1822,  a.  nearly  68;  his  w. 
Susanna  was  buried  12  Dec.  1837.    The  family  of  Major  Palmer  is  extinct. 


622  PANTRY— PARISH  — PARKER. 

PANTRY,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Pantrey,  Pentry,  Peintrey,  Peyn- 
tree),  was  here  in  1633,  and  in  1635  owned  a  house  near  the  spot  now  occupied 
by  the  Wadsworth  House,  so  called,  on  Harvard  Square.  He  went  to  Hartford 
with  Hooker,  and  was  living  in  1649. 

PARISH,  THOMAS,  by  w.  Mary,1  had  Thomas,  b.  21  July  1641,  grad.  H.  C. 
1659;  Mary,  b.  3  Ap.  1643.  THOMAS  the  f.  resided  on  the  westerly  side  of 
Garden  Street,  near  Concord  Avenue  ;  was  Selectman  1639,  1640,  and  Savage 
styles  him  "physician  ";  he  returned  to  England  before  1654,  when  his  home- 
stead (the  house  having  been  burned)  was  sold  by  his  agent,  Thomas  Dan- 
forth,  to  Thomas  Oakes.  He  is  described  in  the  deed  as  Thomas  Parish,  gent., 
of  Naylond,  Suffolk  Co.,  England.  It  is  not  impossible  that  Rev.  Samuel 
Parris,  of  witch  mania  memory,  who  d.  27  Feb.  1720,  was  of  this  family.  The 
name  is  spelled  differently,  but  the  sound  is  similar.  In  his  will,  Samuel 
speaks  of  his  father  Thomas  as  a  merchant,  living  in  London  1656,  and  own- 
ing estates  in  Barbadoes,  where  he  d.  1673. 

PARKER,  ROBKRT,  "  butcher,  Boston  and  Roxbury,  was  admitted  a  member 
of  Boston  Church  1634."  (Farmer.}  "  Robert  Parker  and  his  wife,  both  in 
full  communion,  having  been  dismissed  hither  (together  with  their  children) 
from  the  Churches  of  Boston  and  Roxbury.  Their  children,  Benjamin,  John, 
Sarah,  and  Rachell"  (Mitchell.)  He  was  here  as  early  as  1638,  when  he 
owned  a  house  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  a  few  rods  westerly 
from  Ash  Street;  but  it  would  seem  that  he  did  not  change  his  ecclesiastical 
relationship  until  a  later  period.  By  his  w.  Judith,  he  had  Benjamin,  b.  June 
1636,  d.  here  17  Jan.  1671-2;  Sarah,  b.  Ap.  1640,  m.  Dr.  Thomas  Foster  15 
Oct.  1662;  Nathaniel,  b.  28  July  1643,  prob.  d.  young;  John,  b. ,  d.  be- 
fore 1684;  Rachel,  b. ,  d.  5  Ap.  1663.  ROBERT  the  f.  d.  1685,  a.  83; 

his  w.  Judith  d.  8  May  1682,  a.  80.  The  son  Benjamin  m.  a  dau.  of  William 
Hartwell,  owned  an  estate  in  Billerica,  had  sons  Benjamin  and  John,  and  per- 
haps others. 

2.  JOHN,  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  (now  Newton),  and  by  w. 
Joanna,  had  Mary,  b.  28  Jan.  1647;  Martha,  b.  1  May  1649,  m.  and  d.,  leav- 
ing  children,   before   1686;    John,   b.   15   Feb.   1651-2;    Joanna,  b.   16  Jan. 

1653-4,   m. Stone";    Thomas,  b.   1   Feb.    1657;    Sarah,  b.  6   Jan.   1659; 

Isaac,  b.  15  Mar.  1662;  Jonathan,  b.   6  Nov.  1665;  Lydia,  b.  15  May  1667. 
JOHN  the  f.  prob.  d.  about  1686,  in  which  year  his  will  is  dated. 

3.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  John  (2),  by  w.  Mary,  had  John,  b.  17  Aug.  1687,  and 
several  others  in  Newton. 

4.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  Capt.  James  Parker  and  w.  Elizabeth,  was  b.  in  Groton 
1655,  and  resided  there  until  1683,  and  perhaps  later;  was  an  innholder  in 
Woburn  from   1693  to  1695,  and  in  Camb.  1696   and  for  many  subsequent 
years.     In  1699  he  purchased  a  part  of  the  homestead  of  John  Jackson,  and 
in  1 708  the  remainder,  fronting  on  Brattle  Street  and  Brattle  Square  extend- 
ing from  Palmer  Street  to  Church  Street,  or  thereabouts,  and  bounded  north- 
erly on  the  burial  ground.     He  m.  Elizabeth  Saxon,  or  Sexton,  of  Boston,  and 
had  in  Groton,  Elizabeth,  b.  31  Aug.  1679,  m.   Samuel  Livermore  15  Nov. 
1699;  John,  b.  13  Ap.  1681;  Sarah,  b.  1  May  1683,  m.   Stephen  Coolidge  30 
Ap.  1702,  and  Nicholas  Fessenden,  Jr.,  8  Aug.  1706;  he  had  also,  Susanna, 

b. ,  m.  Samuel  Gookin,  Jr.,  28  Feb.  1711-12;  Joshua;   William,  prob. 

d.  young;   Ann,   m.   William  Warland   3  July   1718  (Joshua,    William,   and 
Ann,  bap.  here  3  Ap.  1698);   Mary,  bap.   11  Dec.   1698,  m.  Thomas  Dana 
22  Jan.   1718-19,  and  d.  10  Oct.   1739;  Thomas,  bap.  15  Dec.  1700,  grad. 
H.   C.    1718,  minister  at  Dracut,  d.  18  Mar.    1765.     JOSIAH  the  f.  was  a 
Captain  and  served  in  the  war  against  the  Indians ;  he  was  in  command  at 

1  Probably  Mary  Danforth,  dau.  of  Nich-  Thomas  Parish,  who  graduated  at  Harvard 
olas,  and  sister  of  "Deputy-governor  Thomas  College  in  1659,  credit  is  given  for  payments, 
Danforth.  In  the  Steward's  account  with  to  wit:  — 

I.       i.   d.   qr. 

"  7.  10.  55,  payd  by  his  unckell  Thomas  Danforth,  5.    5.  8.  2 

7.    1.  58-9,  payd'by  his  unckell  Thomas  Danforth,  4.    9.  6.  1 


Sume  is        9.  15.  2.  3  " 


PARKER  —  PATRICK.  623 

Groton  21  July  1706,  when  Nathaniel  Healy  of  Newton,  one  of  his  company, 
was  "waylaid"  and  slain,  together  with  John  Myrick  and  Ebenezer  Seager, 
also  of  Newton,  "  as  they  were  going  to  meeting  on  the  Sabbath  day."  He 
was  Selectman  1710,  and'd.  between  26  July  and  6  Aug.  1731;  his  w.  Eliza- 
beth survived. 

5.  STEPHEN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Susanna,  had  Hannah,  b.  27 
Feb.  1704-5. 

6.  JOHN,  perhaps  s.  of  Josiah  (4),  but  if  so,  a  second  son  of  that  name,  m. 
Mary  Hancock  (dau.  of  Nathaniel),  20  Dec.  1711,  and  d.  2  Nov.  1712,  "  aged 
22  years  10mo.  and  11  days,"  according  to  the  inscription  on  his  gravestone. 

7.  JOSHUA,  s.  of  Joshua  (4),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Nicholas  Fessenden  senior, 
15  June  1712,  and  had  Mary,  bap.  12  Oct.  1712;  Elizabeth. 

8.  ELEAZAR,  prob.  s.  of  Eleazar  of  Groton,  and  nephew  of  Josiah  (4),  b.  at 
Groton  25  Sept.  1695,  m.  Hannah   Humphrey  at  Camb.  24  Mar.  1719-20,  and 
had  Elizabeth,  bap.  21  May  1721,  d.  young ;  Hannah,  bap.  17  Mar.  1722-3; 
Mary,  bap.  15  Aug.  1725,  m.  Joseph  Grant  of  Chs.  3  Oct.  1745  ;  Elizabeth, 
bap.  29  June  1727,  m.  Benjamin  Cheney  3  Jan.  1744-5;  Sarah,  bap.  13  Ap. 
1729;  Eleazar,  bap.   27  Jan.  1733-4;  Joseph  and  Benjamin,  twins,  bap.   11 
Ap.  1736.     ELEAZAR  the  f.  was  a  shoemaker. 

9.  DAVID,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  David,  b.  13  Oct.  1791;  Elizabeth,  b.   11 
Nov.  1793;  Alice,  b.  4  Sept.  1799. 

10.  SCARBOROUGH,  m.  Hannah  Goddin  of  Watertown  27  Ap.   1794;  son 
Jonathan  died  30  June  1796. 

11.  AARON,  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Joseph  Bates,  1  Jan.  1801,  and  had  Mary 
Snow,  b.  29  Dec.  180"l ;  Aaron,  b.  20  Feb.  1803;  Benjamin,  b.   15  Ap.  1804; 
Lydia,  b.  16  Oct.  1805;  Jane,  b.  18  Aug.  1807;  Joseph  Bates,  b.  19  June  1810. 
AARON  the  f.  d.  23  Feb.  1822,  a.  48. 

EXPERIENCE,  m.  Thomas  Foster  30  Nov.  1686.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Aaron 
Bordman  14  Oct.  1708.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Thomas  Thwing  6  Mar.  1764. 
JOSHUA  (of  Westford),  m.  Hannah  Kidder  26  Ap.  1744.  NOAH,  m.  Hannah 
Livermore  4  Dec.  1777.  PATIENCE,  m.  Coolidge  P.  Woods  2  May  1793. 

PARKS,  RICHARD,  here  as  early  as  1638;  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of 
North  Avenue  near  the  Common;  and  afterwards  on  the  south  side  of  the 
river.  He  d.  between  12  July  and  19  Oct.  1665,  leaving  s.  Thomas,  and  two 
dau.  not  named,  one  of  whom  was  Isabel,  w.  of  Francis  Whitmore,  and  the 
other  prob.  Elizabeth,  w.  of  Edward  AVinship. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Abigail  Derkes  (or  Dix)  1  Dec.  1653,  and 
had  Thomax,  b.  2  Nov.  1654,  d.  28  Aug.  1681 ;  John,  b.  6  Sept.  1656,  was  a  sol- 
dier under  Capt.  Beers,  in  the  disastrous  battle  with  the  Indians  near  Northfield, 
Sept.  1675,  where  he  had  an  arm  broken  and  was  crippled  for  life ;  Abigail,  b.  3 
Mar.  1658,  m.  John  Fisk  ;  Edward,  b.  8  Ap.  1661 ;  Richard,  b.  21  Dec.  1663  ; 
Sarah,  b.  21  Mar.  1666,  m.  John  Knap,  Jr.,  of  Wat.;  Rebecca,}).  13  Ap.  1668,  m. 
John  Sanger  of  Wat.;  Jonathan,  b.  27  Aug.  1670;  Elizabeth,  b.  28  July  1679, 
m.  John  Holland.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  11  Aug.  1689  ;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  3  Feb. 
1691,  and  his  estate  was  divided  12  Mar.  1693-4,  to  eight  surviving  children. 

3.  EDWARD,  before  1648  purchased  of  Col.  George  Cooke,  a  house  at  the 
N.  W.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  with  several  parcels  of 
outlands;  to  which  the  town  added  a  grant  of  seventy-two  acres  on  the  Rocks. 
It  is  not  certain  that  he  ever  resided  here,  or  even  crossed  the  Atlantic ;  he 
may  have  made   the  purchase  in   England,  whither  Cooke  had  returned  and 
entered  the  military  service  of  Cromwell.     These  parcels  of  real  estate  were 
conveyed  to  John  Stedman   1  June   1655,  by  Henry  Parks  of  London,  mer- 
chant, "  son  and  heir  of  Edward  Parks  of  London,  merchant,  deceased,"  to 
whom  they  had  been  devised  by  will. 

PARLEN,  NICHOLAS  (otherwise  written  Parly n),  m.  Sarah  Hanmore  30 
Nov.  1665,  and  had  John,  b.  31  Mar.  1666;  Sarah,  b.  1  Aug.  1668;  Hannah, 
b.  8  Aug.  1670;  Elizabeth,  b.  8  June  1672;  Mary,  b.  25  Nov.  1675;  Susanna, 
b.  16  Ap.  1677;  Abigail,  b.  14  June  1680. 

PATRICK,  DANIEL,  was  here  as  early  as  May  1632,  and  resided  at  the  S.  E. 
corner  of  Brighton  and  Winthrop  streets.  He  was  one  of  the  first  two  military 


624  PATRICK  — PATTEN. 

commanders  appointed  in  the  Colony.  At  a  General  Court  7  Sept.  1630,  it  was 
"  Ordered,  that  Mr.  Patrick  and  Mr.  Underhill  shall  have  allowed  them  for 
half  a  year's  provision,  2  hogsheads  of  meal,  4  bushels  of  malt,  10  pounds  of 
powder  and  lead  to  make  shot,  also  houseroom  provided  for  them,  and  £15 
12s.  in  money  to  make  their  provisions;  all  this  to  be  done  at  the  public 
charge;  their  year  to  begin  from  the  time  they  begin  to  keep  house."  And 
when  officers  were  appointed  9  March  1636-7,  for  the  several  Train-bands,  Mr. 
Daniel  Patrick  and  Mr.  John  Underhill  are  named  as  Captains  "for  the  Coun- 
try's service."  He  served  three  months  in  the  Pequot  war,  and  performed 
other  military  service,  until  Nov.  1637,  when  "  the  Court  did  give  way  to  Capt. 
Patrick's  remove  to  Ipswich,  discharging  him  from  any  further  service,  and 
gave  him  a  quarter's  pay  for  a  gratuity."  (Col.  Rec.)  But  Bond  says  he  was  a 
Selectman  in  Watertown  1638.  He  subsequently  rem.  to  Connecticut,  and  was 
killed  in  a  quarrel  by  a  Dutchman  1643.  Winthrop  says,  "  About  this  time, 
Capt.  Daniel  Patrick  was  killed  at  Stamford  by  a  Dutchman,  who  shot  him 
dead  with  a  pistol.  This  Captain  was  entertained  by  us  out  of  Holland  (where 
he  was  a  common  soldier  of  the  Prince's  guard),  to  exercise  our  men.  We 
made  him  a  Captain,  and  maintained  him.  After,  he  was  admitted  a  member 
of  the  Church  of  Watertown  and  a  freeman.  But  he  grew  very  proud  and 
vicious,"  etc.  Capt.  Patrick  had  a  wife,  described  by  Winthrop  as  "a  good 
Dutch  woman  and  comely ;  "  but  it  is  not  known  that  he  left  any  posterity. 

PATTEN,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Pattin,  and  Patting),  was  here  as 
early  as  13  Mar.  1635-6,  when  he  agreed  to  take  charge  of  a  part  of  the 
town  herd  of  cattle.  By  w.  Mary  he  had  Mary,  b.  before  his  arrival  here ; 
William,  d.  22  Mar.  1645-6;  Thomas,  b.  —  Oct.  1636;  Nathaniel,  d.  —  Jan. 
1639;  Sarah,  d.  young;  Nathaniel,  b.  29  July  1643.  WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  on 
the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue  opposite  the  Common;  and  d.  10  Dec.  1668; 
his  w.  Mary  d.  20  Sept.  1673. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  William  (1),  settled  in  Billerica;  he  m.  Rebecca , 

who  d.  19  May  1689,  and  Sarah  Didson  (or  Ditson)  of  Reading  20  May  1686. 
His  children  were  Mary,  b.  21  Aug.  1664;    Thomas,   b.    22   Mar.  1665-6  ; 
Nathaniel,  b.    14  Sept.   1668,   d.  about  1718,  leaving  family;    William,  b.  12 
May  1671,  a  Deacon  at  Billerica,  d.  here  of  small-pox  5   Oct.  1730,  while 
attending  the  General  Court  as  Representative;  Rebecca,  b.  29  Jan.  1674-5; 
Sarah,  b.  18  June  1677;  Elizabeth,  b.  8  May  1680;  Mehetabel,  b.    28   Feb. 
1686-7;  Kendall,  b.  20  Ap.   1689.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  16  Jan.  1689-90;  his 
w.  Sarah  m.  Thomas  Richardson  29  Dec.  1690. 

3.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  m.  Rebecca  Adams  24  Nov.  1669;  she 
d.  18  Dec.  1677,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Cooper  8  Oct.  1678;  she  d.  and  he  m.  Sarah 
Hancock  15  Oct.   1711.     His  chil.   were  Nathaniel  and  John,   twins,  b.  24 
Sept.  1672;  Anna,  b.  20  Ap.  1674,  m.  Nathaniel  Eames  of  Framingham,  and 
was  living  in   1725;   William,  b.   12  July  1676;  Mary,  b.  24  July  1679,  m. 
Walter  Russell  17  May  1699,  and  d.  before  1706  ;  Samuel,  b.  2  Jan.  1681-2  ; 
Elizabeth,  m.  John  Russell  30  Mar.   1710,  living  at  Killingry,   Conn.,    1725; 
Daniel,  b.   18  Jan.  1689  (I  suspect  this  last  should  be  Hannah,  instead  of 
Daniel;  Hannah  d.  16  Sept.  1739,  a.  50,  naming  sister  Russell  in  her  will). 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  12  June  1725. 

4.  NATHANIEL,   s.   of  Nathaniel  (3),  m.   Deborah  ;   she  d.  7   Mar. 

1715-26   (G.  S.  9  Mar.),  and  he  m.  Sarah  Frost  17  May  1720.     His  children 
were  Nathaniel,  b.  10  Dec.  1702;  Abigail,  b.  6  May  1705,  m.  Sebas  Jackson 
2  Dec.  1731;  Jonathan,  b.  —  Oct.  1706,  prob.  the  same  who  was  killed  by  the 
falling  of  a  clay  bank  where  he  was  digging  22  Dec.  1730;  his  bro.  Nathaniel 
was  appointed  administrator  1  Feb.  1730-31;  Deborah,  b.  25  July  1708,  d.  22 
Oct.  1708;  Deborah,  b.  6  Sept.  1709;  Phebe,  b.  2  Dec.  1711;  Prixcilla,  b.  6  June 
1713;  Sarah,   b.   prob.  1714,  bap.  10  Ap.   1715;   Daniel,  b.  22  Feb.   1715-16. 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  about  1727;  his  w.   Sarah  administered  8  May  1727, 
and  d.  at  Menot.  11  Aug.  1747,  a.  78. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (3),  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Reuben  Luxford,  13 
Mar.  1699-1700,  and  had  Margaret,  b.  5  Mar.  1700-1,  m.  Charles  Hunnewell 
of  Chs.  8  Nov.  1733;  Luxford,  b.  31  Mar.  1704;  John,  b.  8  Nov.  1706,  was  a 


PATTEN  —  PELH  AM .  625 

carpenter,  residing  in   Stoughton  24    Ap.  1728;  Rebecca,  b.  ,  living  24 

June  1730,  and  prob.  the  "spinster"  who  bought  a  small  estate  (two  rods 
square)  on  the  easterly  side  of  North  Avenue,  opposite  the  Common,  24  June 
1768.  JOHN  the  f.  resided  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  street,  between 
Ash  and  Sparks  streets,  and  d.  about  1717;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  19  Feb. 
1717-18:  Amos  Marrett  was  appointed  administrator  on  the  estates  of  both 
John  and  Margaret  22  Feb.  1717-18. 

6.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (3),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Stephen  Willis  of 
Medf.,  3  Jan.  1700-1,  and  had  in  Camb.,  William,  b.  21  Aug.  1701,  m.  Ann 
Seccomb  17  Nov.  1726,  and  had  family  in  Medf.  ;  Abigail,  b.  11  June  1708; 
Rebecca,  b.  14  Jan.  1705-6;  Stephen,  b.  19  June  1707;  'Eliot,  b.  15  May  1709; 
Mary,  b.  20  May  1711;  and  in  Medf.,  John,  b.  1  Jan.  1712-13;  Aaron,  b.  16 
Ap.  1717;   Thomas,  b.  2  Feb.  1718-19,  m.  Mary  Tufts  of   Chs.  10  Jan.  1745, 
and  had  family  in  Medf.,  where  his  w.  Mary  d.  28  Aug.  1764,  a.  42.     WIL- 
LIAM the  f.  appears  to  have  removed  to  Medf.  about   1712,  and  d.  there  7 
Sept.  1744,  a.  68. 

7.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (4),  in  1727  was  a  housewright  in  Killing- 
ly,  Conn.,  but  returned,  and  was  a  resident  here  in  1730.     Perhaps  he  was 
the  same  who  owned  a  house  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Mount  Auburn  Street  and 
Brattle  Square  1751,  which  he  sold  in  1755,  being  styled   "cooper"  in  the 
deeds.     He  had  Jonathan,  bap.  12  Aug.  1744;  Ebenezer,  bap.  22  July  1750. 

8.  LUXFORD,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Rebecca  Robbins   11   May  1727,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  10  May  1728;  Rebecca,  b.  14  May  1730,  d.  11  Mar.  1735-6.     LUX- 
FORD  the  f.  was  a  mason,  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d.  before  17  May  1730. 
His  w.  Rebecca  was  appointed  administratrix  26  June  1730. 

PATTERSON,  JAMES,  prob.  of  Billerica,  m.  Rebecca  Stevenson  29  May 
1662.  They  resided  in  Billerica  1695. 

PErucE,  MARK  (or  Pierce),  owned  an  estate  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Mount  Auburn  streets  1642,  when  that  corner  was  about  a  hundred  feet 
northerly  from  its  present  position. 

2.  JONATHAN,  perhaps  of  Chs.,  had  six  children  bap.  here,  viz.,  Martha,  8 
Aug.    1697;   Benjamin,  2  Oct.  1698;  Elizabeth,  28  July  1700;  Isaac,  9  Aug. 
1702;  John,  23  Ap.  1704;  Stephen  30  Ap.  1709. 

3.  JAMES,  of  Chs.,  m.  Mary  Prentice  10  Feb.  1731-2,  perhaps  lived  on  the 
Chs.  side  of  the  line,  but  his  children  were  baptized  here,  as  follows:  Mary, 
10   Dec.  1732;  John,   14  Dec.   1735;  Susanna,  16  Oct.   1737;  James,  30  Dec. 
1739;  Abigail,  20  Dec.  1741;   George,  30  Oct.   1743;   Hannah,  10  Nov.  1745; 
Samuel,  23  Oct.  1748.     Probably  the  same  James  m.  Alice,  wid.  of  Ebenezer 
Fessenden,  26  June  1760,  and  afterwards  res.  here. 

MARY,  servant  of  Nathaniel  Sparhawk,  d.  12  July  1647.  JOSEPH,  m. 
Hannah  Munroe  21  Dec.  1692.  JOHN,  m.  Susanna  Marrett  27  Sept.  1722. 
ALICE,  m.  Thomas  Read  1  Ap.  1773.  NATHANIEL,  m.  Mary  Fisk  28  June 
1776.  RICHARD,  m.  Anna  Dickson  21  Oct.  1784.  SAMUEL,  m.  Sophia 
Stedman  20  Mar.  1796.  ELIJAH,  m.  Rebecca  Ransford  19  Feb.  1797. 

PELHAM,  HERBERT,  Esq.,  s.  of  Herbert,  Esq.,  and  Catherine,  eldest  dau. 
of  Lord  Delaware  (or  De  la  Warr),  and  a  near  relative,  on  his  father's  side, 
to  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  was  b.  1601,  and  resided  in  Lincolnshire,  England. 
He  was  an  early  friend  of  the  emigrants  to  Massachusetts,  and  promoted  their 
enterprise  by  his  influence,  his  advice,  and  his  money.  In  1638  or  1639,  he 
removed  his  family  hither  and  settled  in  Cambridge.  He  res.  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Dunster  and  South  streets;  the  same  estate  having  been  previously 
occupied  by  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley,  and  by  Roger  Harlakenden,  Esq.,  whose 
widow  became  the  wife  of  Pelham.  He  was  Selectman  1645,  Assistant  from 
1645  to  1649;  Commissioner  of  the  United  Colonies,  1645,  1646,  and  intrusted 
by  the  General  Court  with  much  important  business  as  a  member  of  Com- 
mittees and  otherwise.  He  was  also  the  first  Treasurer  of  Harvard  College, 
elected  27  Dec.  1643,  and  the  second  person  named  in  the  act  incorporating 
the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  among  the  Indians,  1649.  He  returned 
to  England  about  1649,  was  afterwards  member  of  Parliament,  rendered  fre- 
quent and  important  services  to  the  Colony,  and  d. ,  according  to  Morant,  June 
40 


626  PELHAM. 

1674;  but,  according  to  a  certified  copy  of  the  "  Parish  Register  of  Bures,  St. 
Mary  in  the  Co.  of  Suffolk,"  which  was  his  last  residence,  he  was  buried  1  July 
1673.  His  first  wife  was  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Thomas  and  granddaughter  of  Sir 
William  Waldegrave,  by  whom  he  had  Waldegrave,  bap.  26  Sept.  1627,  the  princi- 
pal heir  of  the  English  estates,  buried  12  Nov.  1699  ;  Penelope,  b.  about  1631,  m. 
Gov.  Josiah  Window,  and  d.  at  Marshfield  7  Dec.  1703,  a.  72  ;  Nathaniel,  bap. 
5  Feb.  1631-2,  grad.  H.  C.  1651,  embarked  for  England  with  Capt.  Garrett  Nov. 
1657,  and  was  lost;  by  his  second  wife,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Godfrey  Bosville, 
Esq.,  and  wid.  of  Roger  Harlakenden,  Esq.,  he  had  Mary,  b.  12  Nov.  1638, 
according  to  the  town  Record,  but  manifestly  a  mistake;  the  date  should  prob. 
be  1639  or  1640;  Frances,  b.  9  Nov.  1643;  Herbert,b.  3  Oct.  1645,  bur.  2 
Jan.  1645-6;  and  a  son  Edward,  whose  birth  is  not  recorded,  but  who  was 
the  principal  heir  to  the  estates  here;  also  Henry,  named  in  a  legal  document 
as  younger  than  Edward.  Other  children  are  named  in  the  father's  will  1  Jan. 
1672-3,  viz.,  Anna ;  Katherine  Clark ;  a  dau.,  w.  of  Cuthlach  Eliot.  He  names 
also  two  sisters,  Penelope,  who  was  w.  of  Gov.  Bellingham  and  d.  29  May 
1702,  a.  about  83,  and  Elizabeth,  who  d.  unm.  at  Marshfield  1  Ap.  1706,  a. 
83.  Capt.  William  Pelham  of  Sudbury  was  prob.  brother  to  Herbert  Pelham, 
Esq. 

2.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Herbert  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1673,  remained  in  New  Eng- 
land, and  d.  20  Sept.  1 730.     He  seems  never  to  have  engaged  in  any  useful 
or  remunerative  business,  but  rather  to  have  lived  on  his  income  as  a  gentle- 
man at  large.     In  his  early  life  he  was  probably  dissipated,  certainly  indis- 
creet.    One  of  his  freaks  while  in  College  is  related  on   pp.  225,  226.     The 
jmxiety  and  disapprobation  of  his  father  may  be  inferred  from  his  will,  dated 
1  Jan.  1672,  in  which  he  gives  this  son  all  his  "  lands,  tenements,  and  here- 
ditaments in  New  England   in  the  Massachusetts  Bay  in  America,  situate, 
lying  and  being  in  Cambridge,  Watertown,  Sudbury,  or  elsewhere  within  the 
said  Colony,"  and  a  life  estate  in  some  lands  in  England;  he  also  bequeaths 
certain  personal  property  to  ''  my  son  Winslow  for  the  use  of  my  son  Edward 
Pelham,  to  be  paid  unto  him  in  New  England,  if  he  reside  there,  upon  the 
conditions  hereafter  expressed;  that  is  to  say,  if  he  the  said  Edward  shall  so 
behave  and  demean  himself  that  he  can  procure  either  the  hands  of  the  Gov- 
ernor and  four  of  the  Assistants  of  the  Colony  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  or 
of  New  Plymouth  Government,  that  he  is  now  grown  serious,  sober,  and  solid, 
and  follows  his  study,  and  avoids  all  idle  and  profane  company,  and  that  they 
verily  conceive  there  is  a  real  change  in  him  for  the  better,  and   not  only  to 
attain  his  ends  thereby But  if  in  all  these  years  he  will  not  be  re- 
claimed," then  the  property  shall  go  to  others.     In  sundry  documents  he  is 
styled  of  Boston  1676,  and  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  1691-1711.     He  had  wife  Free- 
love  in  1693,  and  is  said  to  have  had  a  previous  w.  Godsgift,  dau.  of  Gov.  Bene- 
dict Arnold  of  Newport;  Savage  suggests  that  the  two  wives  may  have  been 
sisters.     His  chil.  were  Edward  and   Thomas,  to  whom  he  conveyed  all  his 
lands  in  Cambridge  and  Watertown  23   Nov.   1711,  at  which  date  the  father 
and  both  sons  are  described  as  "  gentlemen  "  of  Newport,  R.  I. 

3.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (2),  executed  his  will  at  Newport  21  May  1740, 
naming  wife  Arabella  and  three  daus.,  viz.  "  Hermione,  the  wife  of  John  Ban- 
ister of  Newport  aforesaid  merchant,"  Elizabeth,  and  Penelope.    Among  the 
articles  bequeathed  to  his  father  by  Herbert  Pelham,  Esq.,  was   an  "  inlaid 
cabinet,"  which  was  purchased  about   1842   by  Mr.  Robert  Bolton  of  Bed- 
ford, West  Chester  Co.,  N.  Y.,  together  with  portraits  of  Charles  II.,  Queen 
Henrietta  Maria,  Col.  Godfrey  Bosville,  and  Elizabeth  Bosville.     In  a  letter 
to  Rev.  John  L.  Sibley,  Librarian  of  Harvard  College,  announcing  this   pur- 
chase, dated  19  Jan.  1867,  Mr.  Bolton  says,  "  Edward  Pelham  died  at  New- 
port, R.  I.,  1740,  leaving  two  daughters:  1st  Hermione,  who  m.  John  Bannister, 
from  whose  granddaughter  Elizabeth  I  purchased  the  pictures  and  cabinet ; 
2d,  Penelope,  who  m.  Joseph  Cowley  of  Wolverhampton,  England,  whose  dau. 
Henrietta  m.  Admiral  Jahleel  Brenton,  a  native  of  Newport,  R.  I." 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Edward  (2),  had  w.  Abigail ;  but  whether  he  had  children 
is  not  ascertained. 


PHILLIPS— POLLY.  627 

PHILLIPS,  JOHN,  a  clergyman,  came  from  England  in  1638,  and  dwelt  a 
short  time  at  Salem.  He  had  several  invitations  to  settle,  but  was  undecided 
which  to  accept.  In  1639  he  removed  here,  as  it  would  seem  for  the  purpose 
of  becoming  a  colleague  with  Mr.  Shepard.  The  Church  paid  the  expense  of 
his  removal,  and  fitted  up  a  house  of  Mr.  Pelham  for  his  use.  He  remained 
here  about  a  year,  during  which  time  he  erected  a  house  on  the  northerly  side 
of  Kirkland  Street,  afterwards  the  homestead  of  Deputy-gov.  Danforth  and 
the  Foxcrofts.  His  connection  with  this  Church,  however,  was  not  permanent, 
and  he  was  not  "called  to  office."  In  1640  he  removed  to  Dedham,  and 
united  with  the  Church,  preparatory  to  taking  office  there.  But  this  inten- 
tion, like  the  former,  was  frustrated.  Circumstances  prevented  his  settle- 
ment, and  he  resolved  to  return  to  England.  He  sailed  26  Oct.  1641,  and 
arrived  after  a  long  and  tempestuous  passage.  He  was  afterwards  minister  at 
Wrentham,  Eng.,  and  is  supposed  to  have  been  a  member  of  the  Westminster 
Assembly  of  Divines.  The  particulars  concerning  his  residence  here  are 
gleaned  from  the  Town  Records  and  other  ancient  memoranda. 

2.  SAMUEL,  supposed  to  be  son  of  Rev.  George  of  Watertown,  sold  land 
on  the  south  side  of  the  river  to  John  Jackson  10  Ap.  and  11  June  1648, 
bounded  on  land  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Phillips,  probably  the  wid.  of  Rev.  George, 
who  d.  1  July  1644.  See  Farmer. 

PHIPS,  SPENCER,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  William,  b. ,  H.  C.  1728,  a 

Captain,  d.  s.  p.  before  22  June  1752;  Mary,  b.  30  May  1710,  d.  8  June  1716; 
Sarah,  b.  19  Oct.  1712,  m.  Andrew  Bordman  25  Feb.  1731-2,  and  d.  in  Dec. 
1793;  Eliakim,  b.  7  Oct.  1714,  d.  3  Dec.  1714;  Elizabeth,  bap.  9  Dec.  1716,  m. 
John  Vassall,  10  Oct.  1734,  and  d.  22  Sept.  1739;  Spencer,  bap.  20  Feb.  1721, 
a  Lieutenant,  d.  before  7  April  1747;  David,  bap.  26  Aug.  1722,  d.  21  Sept. 
1722;  Eliakim,  bap.  25  Aug.  1723,  d.  young,  David,  b.  25  Sept.  1724;  Mary, 
b.  27  Dec.  1725,  m.  Richard  Lechmere  (pub.  1  March  1754);  Rebecca,  b.  14 
Feb.  1727,  m.  Joseph  Lee,  Esq.  (pub.  15  Feb.  1755).  SPENCER  the  f.  was 
son  of  Dr.  David  Bennett  of  Rowley  by  his  w.  Rebecca  Spencer;  he  was  b.  at 
Rowley  6  June  1685,  and  was  early  adopted  by  Gov.  William  Phips,  whose  wife 
was  sister  to  Mrs.  Bennett.  He  took  the  name  of  Phips  when  quite  young, 
which  was  confirmed  to  him  as  his  legal  name  by  the  General  Court  18  June 
1716.  He  grad.  H.  C.  1703,  was  a  Colonel,  Representative  1721,  Councillor 
1721-1732,  Lieut. -governor  1732-1757.  He  bought  the  Haugh  farm  of  more 
than  300  acres,  embracing  the  whole  of  East  Cambridge  and  the  northeasterly 
portion  of  Cambridgeport,  15  Aug.  1706,  and  soon  afterwards  removed  here. 
He  also  bought  2  Oct.  1714  the  estate  formerly  owned  by  Dr.  James  Oliver,  on 
Arrow  Street  near  Bow  Street,  afterwards  known  as  the  Winthrop  estate, 
which  became  his  homestead.  He  d.  4  Ap.  1757;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  7  May 
1764. 

DAVID,  s.  of  Spencer  (1),  m.  Mary  Greenleaf  of  Boston  13  Sept.  1753,  and 
had  Mary,  b.  20  Ap.  1757;  Spencer,  b.  4  Mar.  1760;  Sarah,  b.  26  Ap.  1762; 
Rebecca,  b.  26  June  1763;  William,  b.  18  Dec.  1764;  Stephen  Greenleaf,  b. 
28  Ap.  1767;  Elizabeth  Hutchinxon,  b.  25  Sept.  1770.  DAVID  the  f.  grad. 
H.  C.  1741,  was  a  Colonel,  Representative  1753,  and  High  Sheriff  of  Middle- 
sex 1764-1774.  He  inherited  the  homestead,  and  resided  there  until  the  Rev- 
olution, when  he  adhered  to  the  King  and  went  with  his  family  to  England, 
where  he  d.  7  July  1811.  His  estate  here  was  confiscated;  but  the  loss  was 
repaired  by  benefits  which  the  British  Government  bestowed  on  him  and  on 
his  children. 

PICKE,  JOHN,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Abigail,  b.  22  Ap.  1642.     See  Pickering. 

PICKERING,  JOHX,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Lydia,  b.  5  Nov.  1638.  I  suspect  this 
John  Pickering  and  the  foregoing  John  Picke,  are  but  different  forms  of  the 
same  name. 

PINSON,  EDWARD,  m.  Anna,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Cooper  2  Aug.  1664.  She 
d.  8  May  1666,  and  he  disappears. 

PLACE,  THOMAS,  sold  land  adjoining  the  "  west-end  field,"  1639.  Perhaps 
he  was  the  freeman  of  1640. 

POLLY,  GEORGK,  fined  for  breach  of  a  Town  Order  1657. 


628  POST  — PRATT  — PRENTICE. 

POST,  STEPHEN  (otherwise  written  Poast),  owned  a  house  and  twelve  acres 
on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  1635.  He  rem.  with  Hooker  to  Hartford,  where 
he  was  Constable  in  1641.  "  Some  of  the  family  moved  down  the  River." 
Hinman. 

2.  THOMAS,  a  weaver,  had  a  grant  1669,  of  "  fencing  timber  for  his  garden," 
and  resided  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Harvard  and 
Mount  Auburn  streets,  in  1673.  He  may  have  been  son  of  Stephen  (1),  but 
the  traces  of  his  early  history  have  been  obliterated.  He  d.  between  28  Mar. 
and  7  Ap.  1691 ;  and  bequeathed  his  whole  estate  to  Nathaniel  Hancock,  direct- 
ing him  to  pay  £30  to  his  heirs  at  law,  viz.:  to  dau.  Rebecca  Post,  now  dwell- 
ing in  England,  near  Gravesend,  to  grandson  Thomas  Post,  and  to  grandson 
John  Satle  (Sawtell),  which  last  named  grandson  was  to  have  all  the  testator's 
books,  except  the  great  Bible. 

PRATT,  JOHN,  was  here  in  1633,  and  owned  a  house  1635  on  the  northerly 
side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  between  Brighton  Street  and  Brattle  Square, 
which  he  soon  sold  to  Joseph  Isaac.  He  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  "  he  was  a 
Juror,  Deputy,  and  Magistrate,  and  was  an  important  man  in  the  Colony.  He 
came  here  among  the  first  settlers  of  Hartford."  Hinman. 

2.  JOHN,  styled  on  our  records  "Mr.  Pratt,"  was  one  of  the  earliest  in- 
habitants. That  we  had  two  Johns  at  the  same  time  appears  from  the  fact 
that  land  was  granted  to  "  John  Pratt  "  5  Jan.  1634-5,  and  another  lot  to 
"  Mr.  Pratt,"  on  the  same  day  ;  also  from  the  fact  that  one  removed  to  Hart- 
ford, as  aforesaid,  while  a  more  tragical  fate  was  reserved  for  the  other.  The 
last  named  John  came  here,  under  an  agreement  with  the  Company  of  Adven- 
turers, as  appears  by  a  record  on  a  fly  leaf  of  the  Colony  Records,  vol.  i.,  under 
date  of  5  Mar.  1628-9:  "A  proposition  being  made  to  entertain  a  surgeon  for 
the  plantation,  Mr.  Pratt  was  propounded  as  an  able  man,  upon  these  condi- 
tions, namely,  —  That  £40  should  be  allowed  him,  viz.,  for  his  chest  £25,  the 
rest  for  his  own  salary  for  the  first  year ;  provided  he  continue  three  years,  the 
company  to  be  at  the  charge  of  transporting  his  wife  and  a  yo[uth,  to]  have 
£20  a  year  for  the  other  two  years,  and  to  build  him  a  house  [at]  the  company's 
charge,  and  to  allot  him  100  acres  of  ground;  but  if  he  stay  but  one  year, 
then  the  company  to  be  at  charge  of  his  bringing  back  for  England,  and  he  to 
leave  his  serv[ant]  and  the  chest  for  -the  company's  service."  He  settled 
here,  and  remained  quietly  for  a  time.  But  becoming  dissatisfied,  he  wrote  a 
letter  to  a  friend  in  England,  for  which  he  was  called  to  account  by  the  magis- 
trates 3  Nov.  1635.  His  answer,  which  is  recorded  in  Col.  Rec.,  i.  358-360,  is 
worth  preserving  and  is  inserted  elsewhere.  His  offence  was  pardoned,  and 
he  remained  about  ten  years  longer,  when  he  sailed  for  England,  with  Capt. 
Thomas  Coytmore,  and  together  with  his  wife  was  wrecked  and  drowned  near 
the  coast  of  Spain,  in  Dec.  1644.  "  This  man  was  above  60  years  old,  an  ex- 
perienced surgeon,  who  had  lived  in  New  England  many  years,  and  was  of 
the  First  Church  at  Cambridge  in  Mr.  Hooker's  time,  and  had  good  practice, 
and  wanted  nothing.  But  he  had  been  long  discontented,  because  his  employ- 
ment was  not  so  profitable  to  himself  as  he  desired,  and  it  is  like  he  feared 
lest  he  should  fall  into  want  in  his  old  age,  and  therefore  he  would  needs  go 
back  into  England  (for  surgeons  were  then  in  great  request  there  by  occasion 
of  the  war);  but  God  took  him  away  childless."  Savage's  Winthrop,  i.  173; 
ii.  239. 

PRENTICE,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Prentis,  and  Prentiss),  settled  on 
the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  by  w.  Grace,  had  Grace,  b.  in  England  1648, 
m.  Thomas  Oliver  27  Nov.  1667,  and  d.  31  Sept.  1681,  a.  33;  Thomas,  and 
Elizabeth,  twins,  b.  here  22  Jan.  1649-50;  Mary,  b.  about  1652;  John,  b.  2 
Feb.  1653-4,  d.  10  Jan.  1654-5;  John,  b.  10  July  1655,  in.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
Edward  Jackson,  and  d.  without  issue  14  Mar.  1688-9;  Hannah,  b.  1661,  d. 
28  Ap.  1738.  THOMAS  the  f.  was  the  famous  Captain  of  the  Troop,  distin- 
guished in  Philip's  War.  He  also  commanded  the  Troop  which  escorted  Sir 
.  Edmund  Andros,  as  a  prisoner,  from  Rhode  Island  to  Boston,  August  1689. 
He  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  1686,  and  Representative  three  years,  1672  to 
1674.  His  name  often  occurs  in  the  history  of  his  times,  and  all  accounts 


PRENTICE.  629 

concur  in  representing  him  as  an  active,  energetic,  and  valuable  public  officer. 
He  d.  7  July  1709,  a.  89,  in  consequence  of  a  fall  from  his  horse  about  two 
months  previously,  on  his  return  from  a  meeting  on  the  Sabbath.  His  wife 
Grace  d.  9  Oct.  1692. 

2.  JAMES,  also  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  by  w.  Susanna, 
had  James,  prob.  b.  11   Mar.  1655-6;  Susanna,  b.  29  June  1657;   Hannah,  b. 

24  Ap.  1659;  Elizabeth,  b.  25  Aug.  1660;  Sarah;  Rose.    JAMES  the  f.  d.  7 
Mar.  1709-10.     His  w.  Susanna  survived. 

3.  THOMAS,  early  called  Thomas,  Jr.,   to  distinguish  him  from  his  con- 
temporary the  "  Trooper,"  supposed  to  be  brother  to  James  (2),  with  whom 
he  purchased  a  farm  in   1650,  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of   Edward  Jackson,   and 
had  (as  given  by  Binney  in  his  History  of  the  Prentice  Family),  Thomas,  b. 
about  1669;  John;  Edward,  b.  about  1685;  James;  Rebecca;  Hannah;  Enos ; 
Ebenezer.     He  is  supposed  to  be  the  same  who  d.  6  Nov.  1722,  a.  93. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Sarah  Stanton  20  Mar.  1675,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  13  Jan.  1676;  John,  b.  about  1682;  birth  not  recorded,  but  named 
in  the  will  of  his  Uncle  John,  1689,  and  supposed  to  be  the  grad.  of  H.  C.  1700, 
and   minister  at  Lancaster.     Binney  mentions  also,  Grace  :  and    Samuel,  b. 
about  1689.     THOMAS  the  f.  d.  19  Ap.  1685,  and  administration  was  granted 
4  May,  to  his  wid.  Sarah  and  his  father,  Captain  Thomas  Prentice. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (3),  cordwainer,  and  afterwards  physician,  m.  Han- 
nah Osland  1696;  she  d.    2  May  1704,  and  he  m.  Bethia  .     He  d.  at 

Newton  4  Jan.  1720-21,  naming  in  his  will  w.  Bethia  and  six  daughters,  who 
are  again  named  in  the  division  of  his  estate  1 754  :  Hannah,  w.   of  Thomas 
Soden ;  Experience,   w.  of  William  Darby;  Rebecca,  w.  of  Daniel   Collins; 
Elizabeth,  unm. ;  Bethia,  deceased;  Anna,  w.  of  Nathan  Hyde,  also  deceased. 

I  here  dismiss  the  Newton  family  of  Prentice,  as  since  1688  it  disappears 
from  the  Camb.  Records.  An  extensive  genealogy  may  be  found  in  the 
History  of  the  Prentice  Family  by  C.  J.  F.  Binney,  and  the  History  of  Newton 
by  Francis  Jackson. 

6.  HENRY,  was  an  early  emigrant  to  New  England,  and  the  ancestor  of  the 
Camb.  family  of  Prentice.     He  was  a  proprietor,  and  perhaps  a  resident,  of 
Sudbury,  but  settled  here  before  1643.     He  sold  his  Sudbury  lands  to  John 
Goodnow  6  Feb.  1648.     His  w.  Elizabeth  d.  here  13  May  1643;  and  he  m. 

Joane  (Joanna) ,  by  whom  he  had  Mary,  b.  25  Nov.  1644,  m.  Nathaniel 

Hancock  8  Mar.  1663-4  ;  Solomon,  b.  23  Sept,  1646  ;  Abiah,  b.  22  May  1648; 
Samuel,  b.  3   Aug.  1650;  Sarah,  m.  John  Woodward;  Henry;  all  these,  ex- 
cept Abiah,  were  living,  and  named  in  a  conveyance  of  real  estate  31  Dec. 
1713.     HEXRV  the  f.  was  a  husbandman,  and  d.  9  June  1654;  his  w.  Joanna 
m.  John  Gibson  24  July  1662. 

7.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Henry  (6),  m.  Elizabeth ,  who  d.  and  he  m.  Hepzibah 

,  before  1676.     His  children  were  Solomon,  b.  7  June  1674;   Thomas,  b. 

25  Aug.  1676;  Mary,  b.  4  Jan.  1678-9,  m.   Benjamin   Balch  of  Chs.  4  Jan. 
1710-fl,  d.  before  1742,  and  was  mother  of  Rev.  Thomas  Balch  of  Dedham, 
who  grad.  H.  C.  1733 ;  Stephen,  b.  1  June  1681  ;  Nathaniel,  b.  20  July  1684,  d. 
18  Sept.  1688;   Elizabeth  (twin),  b.  25  July  1684,  d.  unm.  14  May  1727;  Na- 
thaniel, b.  18  Oct.  1689;  Henry,  b.  about  1693.     SOLOMON  the  f.  was  a  hus- 
bandman and  brickmaker.     In  1672  he  bought  a  house  and  land  on  the  wes- 
terly side  of  the  Common,  on  which  estate  near  the  close  of  his  life  he  erected 
a  new  house,  supposed  to  be  the  same  not  long  ago  occupied  by  Misses  Betsey 
and  Persis  Bates.     He  d.  24  July  1719,  a.  nearly   73  ;  his  w.  Hepzibah  d.  5 
Jan.  1741-2,  a.  88.     [According  to  the  Town  Records,  Thomas,  s.  of  Solo- 
mon and  Elizabeth,  was  b.  7  June  1674,  and  the  birth  of  Solomon  is  not  re- 
corded.    I  am  confident  that  Thomas  is  a  mistake  for  Solomon.     Solomon  was 
84  years  old  at  his  death  in  1758,  as  inscribed  on  his  gravestone,  correspond- 
ing with  his  birth  in  1674;  and  the  age  of  Thomas,  at  his  death  7  Dec.  1709, 
is  inscribed  on  his  gravestone  with  much  minuteness,  as  33  years  3  months 
and  12  days,  answering  to  his  birth  at  the  date  assumed  by  me,  25  Aug.  1676. 
Moreover,  there  is  no  evidence  that  Solomon  was  the  son  of  the  2d  w.  Hepzi- 
bah; but  it  is  certain,  from  the  recorded  settlement  of  Hepzibah's  estate,  that 
Thomas  was  her  sou.] 


630  PRENTICE. 

8.  HKNRY,  s.  of  Henry  (6),  m.  Mary  Gove  7  Ap.  1682,  and  had  John,  b. 
6  Mar.  1682-3;  Mary,  b.  11  Dec.  1684,  d.  2  May  1685;  Mary.  b.  4  Dec.  1685, 
d.  11  Mar.  1685-6;  Hannah,  b.  19  Jan.  1686-7,  d.  3  June  1687;  Jonathan,  b. 
4  Ap.  and  d.  1  May  1688;  Sarah,  b.  6  Ap.  and  d.  31  May  1689;  Tabitha,  bap. 
8  Aug.  1697;  Nathaniel,  bap.  11  Dec.  1698;  Jacob,  b.  18  Aug.  1700,  d.  18  Feb. 
1 700-1 ;  Susanna,  b.  29  Mar.  and  d.  22  July  1 703. 

9.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  by  w.  Lydia,  had   Samuel,  bap.  12  June 
1698,  d.  young;  Ruth,  b.  31   Oct.   1700,  m.  William   Dickson   12  June   1718; 
Lydia,  b.  8  Mar.  1702-3,  m.  John  Cooper  6  Ap.  1721,  and  Thomas  Kidder  8 
Ap.  1725;  Solomon,  b.  11  May  1705,  grad.  H.  C.  1727,  minister  at  Grafton, 
d.  22  May  1773;  Samuel,  b.   5  May  1707;  Jonnna,  b.   5    Feb.  1709-10,  m. 
Samuel  Cook  31  Mar.   1726;  Ebene'zer,  b.  29  May  1712;  Sarah,  b.   11  Mar. 
1714-15,  m.  Jonathan  Cooper  25  Oct.  1732;  Daniel,  b.  17  May  1717;  Stephen, 
b.  26  Feb.  1719-20,  m.  Esther  Cutter  6  Aug.  1741,  rem.  to  Grafton;  Mary,  b. 
25  Sept.  1723.     SOLOMON  the  f.  resided  on  the  estate,  of  which  the  Botanic 
Garden  is  a  part,  at  the  corner  of  Garden  and  Linna3an  streets,  and  d.  25 
June  1758,  a.  84;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  25  Ap.  1758,  a.  81. 

10.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  m.  Maria  Russell  28  Dec.  1696;  she  d.  1 
May  1701,  and  he  m.  Mary  Batson  6  Nov.  1701.    His  chil.  were  Thomas,  bap. 
21  Nov.  1697,  d.  young;  Mary,  bap.  2  Ap.   1699,  m.   Francis  Kidder  13  Feb. 
1717-18,  Philip  Cook   about  1725,  and  Samuel   Sprague  of  Stoneham  4  Ap. 
1740  ;   Thomas,  b.    9  Dec.    1702;  John,  b.  3  Mar.  1703-4,  prob.   the  mariner 
of  whose  estate  William  Prentice  and  Matthew  Johnson  were  appointed  ad- 
ministrators 4  May  1738;  Elizabeth,  b.  22  Aug.  1705,  m.  Matthew  Johnson  of 
Chs.  9  May  1726;  Henry,  b.  25  Nov.  1706;   William,  b.  24  July  1708;  Hepzi- 
bah,  b.  29  Oct.  1 709,  m.  William  Badger  of  Chs.  29  June  1 727,  and Under- 
wood of  Boston  before  1771;  her  son  John  Badger   was  brought  up  by  his 
uncle  William  Prentice.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  styled  a  brickmaker,  and  res. 
on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  opposite  to  the  Botanic  Garden;  the 
cellar  and  well  were  visible  recently.   He  d.  7  Dec.  1709,  a.  33  years  3  months 
and  12  days,  as  inscribed  on  his  gravestone;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Nathaniel  Rob- 
bins  before   1720,  and  Samuel  Lyon  of  Roxbury  24  Nov.  1742,  after  whose 
death  she  returned  to  her  former  dwelling,  and  d.   here   2  Mar.   1760,  a.  83. 
The  epitaph  on  her  gravestone  was  prob.  written  by  her  son,  Rev.  Thomas 
Prentice  of  Chs.,  and  as  a  tribute  of  filial  affection  is  worthy  of  preservation ; 
"  Here  lyes  interr'd  the  body  of  Mrs.  Mary  Lyon,  in  her  first  marriage  con- 
sort to  Mr.  Thomas  Prentice  whom   she   survived  more  than  50  years,  and 
expired  March  the  2d  1760,  in  the  84th  year  of  her  age,  not  impatient  of  life, 
but  satisfied  with  it:  Her  children  rise  up,  and  call  her  blessed." 

11.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  m.  Judith  Frost  of  Chs.  8  July  1708;  she 

d.  and  he  m.  Faith  ;  she  d.   23  Jan.  1741-2,  and  he  m.  Lydia  Prentice 

10  Nov.  1743.     He  was  a  cordwainer,  and  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  North 
Avenue,  a  few  rods  south  of  the  Railroad  Bridge.    He  was  a  Selectman  1744, 
and  d.  without  issue,  between  19  Mar.  and  11  May  1761. 

12.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  in.  Hannah,  dau.  of  John  Wyeth,  and 
had  Jonas,  b.  25  Ap.   1713;  Nathaniel,  b.   19  May  1715,  a  tailor,  resided  in 
Sherburn   1742;  Hannah,  b.   16  Dec.  1716,   in.  Thomas  Fessenden  of  Lex. 
(pub.  6  Feb.  1734-5);  Tabitha,  b.   30  Aug.  1718,  m.  Eleazar  Russell  before 
1742;  Solomon,  b.  31  Jan.   1720-21.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  a  brickmaker, 
and  d.  24  Oct.  1722;  his  w.  Hannah  m.  Jason  Winship,  1724. 

13.  HENRY,  s.  of  Solomon  (7),  m.  Elizabeth   Rand  about  1718;  she  d.  13 
Mar.  1748-9,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth  Haley  of  Boston  (pub.  21  Oct.  1  749).     His 
chil.  were  Joshua,  b.  9  Ap.   1719;  Caleb,  b.  21  Feb.   1721-2;  Martha,  b.  27 
June  1724,  m.  John  Ware  of   Sherburn  19  June  1743,  and  was  mother  of  the 
late  Rev.  Henry  Ware,  Sen.,   D.  D.;   Elizabeth,   b.    17   Oct.  1727,  m.  Rev. 
Amos  Adams  of  Rox.,  18  Oct.  1753,  and  d.  before  1776;  Thomas,  bap.   20 
Sept.  1730,  d.  young;  Hepzibah,  bap.  23  Jan.  1731-2,  m.  Rev.  Jacob  Foster 
of  Berwick,  13  Oct.  1756;  Thomas,  bap.  6  O"ct.  1734,  prob.  d.  12  Mar.  1735-6; 
Nathan,  b.  8  Ap.   1738,  grad.  H.  C.  1756,  a  merchant  in  Berwick,  Me.,  m. 
Mehetabel   Spencer,  and  d.  here  29  July  1769  ;  Sarah,  bap.  25  Jan.  1740-41, 


PRENTICE.  631 

m.  Charles  Hill  of  Berwick  15  Sept.  1757.  HKNRY  the  f.  was  a  husband- 
man and  briekmaker;  Deacon  of  Dr.  Appleton's  Church  from  24  Nov.  1741 
to  14  July  1  774,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  his  advanced  age.  He  inherited 
the  homestead  on  the  westerly  side  of  the  Common:  he  also  purchased  in  1729 
a  large  part  of  the  Holden  Farm,  bounded  south  on  Fresh  Pond  and  east  on 
Alewife  Brook,  being  the  former  southeasterly  corner  of  Arlington.  He  re- 
tained possession  of  both  estates  through  life  ;  but  what  proportion  of  the 
time  he  resided  on  each,  has  not  been  ascertained.  When  the  War  of  the 
Revolution  commenced,  and  Camb.  became  the  headquarters  of  the  Conti- 
nental Army,  Deac.  Prentice  retired  to  the  house  of  his  son,  Rev.  Joshua 
Prentice  of  Holliston,  where  he  d.  18  Oct.  1778,  a.  84;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  7 
Ap.  1775,  a.  78. 

14.  JOHN,  s.  of   Henry  (8),  m.  Mary  Smith  5  Jan.   1704-5,  and  had  Mary, 
b.  8  Oct.  1705,  m.  James  Pierce  of  Chs.   10  Feb.    1731-2;  John,  b.   18  July 
1707,  a  currier,  residing  in   South   Carolina  1736;  Henry,  b.   4   Ap.  1711; 
Susanna,  b.  20  Oct.  1712;  Abigail,  b.  24  May  1716  ;  Smith  and  Ishmad,  b.  11 
Sept.  1718  ;  [there  is  some  confusion  here  ;  the  births  are  entered  in  different 
places  on  the  Town  Records,  but  of  the  same  date,  yet  Smith's  baptism  is 
dated  6  Mar.  1725-6;]   Lydia,  b.  16  Mar.  1721-2,  prob.  m.  Stephen  Prentice 
10  Nov.   1743;  Reuben,   b.    14  June  1726,  m.  Martha  Hubbard  1  Mar.  1757, 
served  in  the  French  War,  and  was  drowned  5  Oct.  1764;   Tabitha,  b.  8  Oct. 
1728.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  briekmaker,  and  res.  on  the  south  side  of  the  Com- 
mon, a  very  little  in  the  rear  of  the  old  Washington  School- house,  the  same 
estate  which  was  for  many  years  afterwards  occupied  by  Miss  Mary  Hancock. 
He  d.  24  Jan.  1741-2. 

15.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Henry  (8),  grad.  H.  C.  1715,  minister  at  Dunstable 
from  about  1720,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Maj.  William  Tyng  1724,  and  had  Mary, 
b.  2  Jan.  1725;    William  Henry,  b.  2  Dec.  1726;  Nathaniel,  b.   29  May  1729, 
an  "officer  in  the  Navy,"  d.  unm.  and  Abraham  Watson  of  Camb.  was  ap- 
pointed adminstrator  1  May  1770;  Lucy,  prob.  m.  Abraham  Watson  28  Mar. 
1751 ;  John.     All  these  children  are  named  in  their  father's  will  6  Dec.  1736. 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  27  Feb.  1736-7,  a.  about  38. 

16.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Solomon  (9),  grad.  H.  C.  1727,  settled  in  the  ministry 
at  Grafton  1731,  m.   Sarah,   dau.  of  Nathaniel    Sartell  of  Groton,   26    Oct. 
1732,  and  had  Solomon,  b.  29    Oct.   1733,  killed  in  blasting  a  well  25   Oct. 
1747  ;  Nathaniel  Sartell,  b.  8  Dec.  1735,  settled  at  Alstead,  N.  H. ;  Sarah,  b. 
14  Feb.  and  d.  2  Mar.  1737-8;  John,  b.  24  Feb.  1738-9,  d.  in  Auburn,  26  Feb. 
1812;  Sarah,  b.  29  Nov.  1740,  d.  young;  Henry,  b.  17  Nov.  1742;  Sarah,  b.  1 
July  1744;  Lydia,  b.  22  May  1746  ;  Solomon,  b.  13  Aug.  1748,  d.  at  Edenton, 
N.  C. ;  Mary,  b.  12  Aug.  1751,  m.  Amos  Binney  of  Hull,  and  was  mother  of 
the  late  Amos  Binney,  Navy  Agent  at  Boston.     Rev.  Mr.  Prentice  was  dis- 
missed from  his  charge  at  Grafton  10  July  1747,  on  account  of  his  favoring 
the  preaching  of  Whitefield.     He  afterwards  preached  in  Easton  a  few  years, 
then  in  Bellingham,  then  in  Hull  from  1768  to  1772,  and  afterwards  returned 
to  Grafton,  where  he  d.  22   May  1773,  a.  68.     [For  most  of  the  particulars 
in  this  paragraph,  I  am  indebted  to  Binney 's  History  of  the  Prentice  Family."] 

17.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Solomon  (9),  m.   Elizabeth  Cook    23   Dec.  1736,  and 
had  Lydia,  b.  11   Mar.  1737-8,  m.  Samuel   Whitney  of  Wat.   15   Jan.  1765; 
Elizabeth,  b.  2  Ap.  1741,  d.  here  unm.  10  Aug.  1817.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  in 
Wat.  and  d.  between  30  Sept.  and  6  Nov.  1749.     His  w.  Elizabeth  survived. 

18.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Solomon  (9),  in.  Sarah  Peirce  of  Chs.  21  Aug.  1735, 
and  had  Ebenezer,  b.  4  Mar.  1736-7;  Solomon,  b.  24  Ap.  and  d.  24  May  1739; 
Sarah,  b.  20  Aug.  1741,  m.  John  Robbins  of  Lex.  14  May  1761;  Solomon,  b. 
14  Mar.  1743-4;  George,  b.  27  Sept.  1746;  Mary,  b.  16   Oct.  1747,  d.  young; 
Elizabeth,  b.  4  Mar.  1748-9,  d.  1750;  Mary  and   Elizabeth,  twins,  b.  11  Jan. 
1751-2,  both  d.  young;  Love,  b.  27  Mar.  1755,  m.  Moses  Hovey  11  Mar.  1776, 
and  d.  9  May  1824.     EBENE/ER  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  resided  in  Menot. 
and  d.  30  Aug.  1790,  a.  78;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  10  Nov.  1772. 

19.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Solomon  (9),  m.  Deborah  Wyeth  29  Dec.  1743,  and  had 
Daniel,  bap.  30  Dec.  1744,  a  housewright,  was  of  Harvard  1796;  Sarah,  bap. 


632  PRENTICE. 

14  Sept.  1746;  Sarah,  bap.  6  Nov.  1748;  Jonathan,  bap.  19  Aug.  1750;  Mercy, 
bap.  15  Oct.  1752;  these  four  prob.  d.  young;  Hepzibah,  bap.  14  Mar.  1756, 
in.  Thomas  Goddard  11  Dec.  1777;  Samuel,  bap.  21  May  1758;  Beulah,  b. 
prob.  1760,  named  in  settlement  of  estate,  m.  Timothy  Tufts  9  May  1784. 
DANIEL  the  f.  was  styled  "  yeoman,"  inherited  the  homestead  (Botanic  Gar- 
den and  adjoining  lands,  four  and  a  half  acres),  and  d.  about  1776.  His  w. 
Deborah  and  s.  Daniel  were  administrators  4  Mar.  1776.  The  estate  was 
divided  11  Mar.  1777,  between  w.  Deborah  and  chil.  Daniel,  Samuel,  Hepzi- 
bah,  and  Beulah, 

20.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas   (10),  grad.  H.  C.  1726,  minister  at  Arundel 
1730,  and  installed  at  Charlestown  31  Oct.  1739.     He  m.  Irene,  dau.  of  Rev. 
Mr.  Etnery  of  Wells;  she  d.  1745,  and  he  m.  Rebecca  Austin  of  Chs.  16  Oct. 
1746;  she  d.  1748,  and  he  m.  wid.  Mary  Butman  of  York,  Me.,  who  survived 
him,  and  after  his  death  returned  to  York.     His  chil.  (besides  others  who 
d.  in   infancy),  were   Irene,  b.  about  1737,  d.  here  unm.  29  Ap.  1791,  a.  54; 
Mary,  m.  Dr.  James  Frost  of  Camb.  1   Dec.  1768;  he  d.  22  July  1770,  and 
their  only  child  Mary  was  b.  3  Feb.  and  d.  24   Feb.  1771  ;  the  wid.  subse- 
quently m.  Nehemiah  Rand  of  Chs.,  and  when   that  place  was  destroyed  in 
June  1 775,  rem.  to  Lyndeborough,  N.  H.,  where  she  d.  before  1 791 ;  Lucy,  b.  1 8 
Aug.  1740,  d.  young;  Margaret,  b.  9  Aug.  1  742,  m.  Nehemiah  Rand  of  Lynde- 
borough 21  Oct.  1791;   Thomas,  b.  9  June  1745,  d.  young;  Rebecca,  b.  2  Mar. 
1747-8,  m.  Joseph  Kettell  of  Boston  15  Mar.  1770,  and  d.  2  Feb.  1825.      On 
the  destruction  of  Chs.  1775,  Rev.  Mr.  Prentice  removed  into  the  house  where 
he  was  born,  in  Camb.,  and  resided  there  during  the  remainder  of  life.    After 
the  inhabitants  of  Chs.  returned  from  their  dispersion,  he  recommenced  the 
labors  of  his  ministry  with  them,  which  he  continued   to  perform   until   both 
body  and  mind  became  so  enfeebled  that  he  was  obliged  to  desist.     It  is  re- 
lated of  him,  that,  on  the  last  Sunday  of  his  ministry,  through  sheer  forget- 
fulness  he  repeated  in  the  afternoon  the  same  sermon  which  he  had  preached 
in  the  morning.     He  d.  17  June   1782,  a.  80;  his  remains  were  removed  to 
Chs.  and  buried  by  the  people  of  his  charge. 

21.  HENRY,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  m.  Katherine  Felch  31   Jan.  1728-9,  and 
had  Mary,  b.  19  Oct.  1729,  m.  Moses  Richardson  before  1755,  and  d.  10  Mar. 
1812,  a.  82  ;  HENRY  the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of 
Mason  Street,  near  the  Common.     He  is  styled  "junior  "  on  the  records,  with 
reference  to  Deacon  Henry  Prentice,  who  was  about  a  dozen  years  his  senior. 
He  rem.  to  Shrewsbury,  which  is  named  as  his  residence  1771,  in  the  will  of 
his  brother  William.     He  was  prob.  the  same  who  m.  Mary  Walker  16  Oct. 
1752  (still  styled  "  junior,"  Deacon  Prentice  being  yet  alive),  and  had  John, 
b.  27  July  1753  ;   Thomas,  b.  27  May  1755;  Jerusha,  b.  17  Oct.  1757;  William, 
b.  12  Sept.  1760;  Samuel,  b.  10  June  1763;  the  last  named  is  recorded  as  son 
of  Henry  Prentice  of  Shrewsbury.     It  appears  probable  that  he  subsequently 
returned,  as  a  Henry  Prentice  d.  here,  23  Aug.  1787,  said  to  be  a.  82,  which 
very  nearly  corresponds  with  his  age. 

22.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  was  a  cordwainer/and  inherited  a  part 
of  the  homestead.     He  m.  Mary  Badger  of  Chs.  6  Nov.  1629.     They  had  no 
children  ;    but  they  adopted  John  Badger,  son  of   his  sister  Hepzibah,  and 
made  him  principal  heir  to  the  estate.     WILLIAM  d.  between  17  Ap.  and  17 
Sept.  1771  ;  his  w.  Mary  was  living  in  1773. 

23.  JONAS,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (12),  m.  Mercy  Peirce  of  Chs.  22  Ap.  1736, 
and  had  Mercy,  bap.  22  May  1737,  m.  Jonathan  Cooper,  Jr.,  5  June  1755; 
Jonas,  bap.  29   Ap.   1739;   James,  bap.  24  May  1741,  grad.  H.  C.  1761,  m. 
Lydia  Saunders  of  Gloucester,  was  Captain  of  Marines  on  board  a  privateer 
in   the  Revolutionary  War,  and  d.  in  Boston  without   issue   26  Nov.   1797; 
Nathaniel,  born  14  Oct.  1743;  Lydia,  bap.  22  Sept.  1745,  m.  Edward  Fille- 
brown  23  Aug.  1770,  and  was  buried  2  Dec.  1832;   John,  bap.  28  Aug.  1748; 
Thomas,  bap.  19  Jan.  1751-2;  Elizabeth,  bap.  29  Sept.  1754,  m.  James  Fille- 
brown  5  June  1774;  Hannah,  bap.  13  Mar.  1757,  m.  John  VVarland   12  Mar. 
1776.     JONAS  the  f.  res.  on  the  estate  afterwards  of  Deac.  Abel  Whitney,  on 
North  Avenue,  which  he  inherited  from  his  uncle  Stephen  Prentice.     He  d. 
14  Nov.  1775,  a.  62;  his  w.  Mercy  d.  24  Feb.  1790,  a.  76. 


PRENTICE.  633 

24.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (12),  m.  Hannah  Fillebrown  of  Chs.  2  Nov. 
1744,  and  had   Solomon,  b.  11    Aug.   1745,  d.  8  Sept.   1765;  Hannah,  b.  27 
July  1748;  Isaac,  b.  11  Dec.  1750;  Sarah,  b.  18  July  1761.     SOLOMON  the  f. 
was  a  fanner,  and  is  said  to  have  res.  for  a  time  in  Wat. ;  the  date  of  his  death 
is  not  ascertained;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  in  the  almshouse  26  Aug.  1805. 

25.  JOSHUA,  s.  of  Deac.  Henry  (13),  grad.  H.  C.  1738,  ordained  at  Holliston 
18  May  1 743,  and  d.  24  Ap  1788,  after  a  ministry  of  about  forty-five  years.    He 
had  three  wives,  all  of  Camb.;  he  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Edmund  Angler,  9  Nov. 
1743;  she  d.  4  Jan.  1754,  and  he  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Rev.  Dr.  Appleton,  9 

Jan.  1755;  she  d. ,  and  he  m.  Mary  Haley  9  Jan.   1770,  who   survived 

him,  and  d.  at  Holliston  21  May  1804,  a.  81.     His  children  were  Joshua,  b. 
9  Sept.  1744,  merchant  in  Marblehead,  and  Town  Clerk  more  than  thirty 
years;  Thomas,  b.  27  Oct.  1747,  grad.  H.  C.  1766,  D.  D.  1808,  ordained  at 
Medfield  30  Oct.   1770,  and  d.  28  Feb.  1814  (his  son    Thomas,  b.  11  Jan. 

1793,  grad.  H.  C.  1811,  was  settled  in  the  ministry  at  Charlestown  26  Mar. 
1817,  and  d.  5  Oct.  1817);  Henry,  b.  7  Mar.  1749,  merchant  in  Boston,  owned 
the.  estate  bordering  on  Fresh  Pond,  formerly  of  his  grandfather,  where  he 
resided  a  portion  of  the  time;  he  m.  Ruth  Freeman  of  Boston  11  Sept.  1775, 
and  d.  31  Aug.  1821 ;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  here  Jan.  1800  ;  Mary,  b.  9  Nov.  1  752 ; 
d.  next  year;  Mary,  b.  1753,  d.  30  Aug.  1759;  Appleton,  b.  1756,  d.  16  June 
1758;  Margaret,  m.  Rev.  Timothy  Dickinson  of  Holliston;  Appleton,  b.  1761, 
grad.  H.  C.  1781,  merchant  in  Boston,  where  he  m.  Silence  Conant  14  June 
1785,  and  had  a  large  family;  res.  for  a  time  in  Rox.  and  rem.  to  Holliston 
1812,  where  he  d.  in  April  1821;  his  w.  Silence  d.  5  Mar.  1829;   Elizabeth, 
b.  1763,  d.  unm.  at  Holliston  13  Dec.  1835.     Some  of  the  births  and  deaths 
in  this  paragraph  are  taken  from  Binney's  Prentice  Family. 

26.  CALEB,  s.  of  Deac.    Henry   (13),  m.  Lydia,  dau.   of   Deac.   Samuel 
Whittemore,  17  Sept.  1744,  and  wid.  Rebecca  Rockwell  20  Dec.  1762.     His 
chil.  were   Caleb,  b.   17  Ap.  and  d.   14  Aug.  1745;  Caleb,  b.  14  Nov.   1746; 
Elizabeth,  b.  24  Sept.  1748,  m.  Benajah  Davenport,  Jr.,  of  Dorchester,  4  Oct. 
1769;  Samuel,  b.  10  Feb.  1749-50,  d.  young;  Samuel,  b.  26  May  1753,  grad. 
H.  C.  1771,  a  trader  in  Gorham,  Me.   (his  son  William  was  father  of  Sargent 
S.  Prentice,  Esq.,  one  of  the  most  eloquent  men  of  his  age)  ;    William,  b.  1 
Dec.  1754,  pub.  Mary  Gorham  of  Barnstable  10  Oct.  1778,  a  merchant,  d.  in 
Kentucky;    Henry,  b.   4  Feb.    1757,  d.  }roung;   Lydia,  b.   27  Jan.   1759,  m. 
Sargent  Smith  of  Gloucester;   Henry,  bap.  30  Dec.  1759,  a  saddler,  d.  unm. 

1794.  CALEB  the  f.  is  styled  "yeoman;  "  in  1747  he  bought  of  the  assigns 
of  Edward  Pelham  two  and  a  half  acres,  lying  between  Harvard  Square  and 
Brattle,  Palmer,  and  Church  streets,  portions  of  which  he  afterwards  sold ; 
He  d.  19  Nov.  1772;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  1807. 

27.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Deac.  Henry  (13),  grad.  H.  C.  1756;  m.  Mehetabel 
Spencer  of  Berwick,  and  had  William,  and  Mehetabel,  d.  here  young;  Henry, 
b.  25  July  1767,  a  blacksmith,  res.  in  Princeton,  and  afterwards  in  Hubbards- 
ton;  Nathan,   twin,   b.  25   July  1767,  a   cabinet  maker,  res.   in  Petersham; 
Mehetabel,  bap.  here  4  June   1 769,  m.  Joseph  Fosdick  of  Boston  ;   and  was 
mother  of  Elizabeth,  w.  of  Charles  T.  Murdoch,  Esq.,  of  Cambridge.    NATHAN 
the  f.  was  for  several  years  a  trader  in  Berwick,  but  returned  and  d.  here  29 
July  1769. 

28.  HENRY,  e.  of  John  (14),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Jacob  Hill,  19  Aug.  1735; 
she  d.  8  July  1736,  and  he  m.  Susanna  Brown  of  Wat.  (pub.  5  Nov.  1737);  he 
was  again  pub.  20  Jan.  1769,  to  Eunice  Fitch  of  Bedford.     His  chil.  were 
Jacob,  b.  2  July  1736,  d.  young;  Joseph,  bap.  15  Ap.  1739  (witness  to  a  deed 
from  his  father  2  Dec.   1784);  Abigail,  bap.  25  May  1740,  m*  Rev.  Bunker 
Gay  of  Hinsdale,  N.  II.,  22  Sept.  1763 ;   William,  bap.  3  Oct.  1  742,  d.  young; 
John,  bap.   7  Oct.  1744,   grad.  H.  C.  1766,  removed   to  Londonderry,  N.  H., 
1772,  a  lawyer,   Attorney-general  1787-1793,  Representative  thirteen  years, 
and   Speaker  in  1794  and  1795  and  from   1798  to  1803,  appointed  Judge   of 
the  Superior  Court  1798,  but  declined  the  appointment  and  d.  18  May  1808; 
Jacob,  bap.   23  Mar.    1745-6;    William,   bap.   27  Dec.   1747;  Henri/,  bap.  22 
Jan.  1749-50;  Sarah,  bap.  20  Oct.  1751,  m.  Jonas  Prentice   12  Nov.  1777. 


634  PRENTICE. 

HENRY,  the  f.  was  a  cooper,  and  was  generally  styled  on  the  Records,  "  Henry 
Prentice  3d,"  and  in  conversation,  "  Cooper  Prentice."  He  res.  on  the 
easterly  corner  of  Garden  and  Mason  streets,  on  the  estate  afterwards  owned 
by  Judge  Fay.  He  was  living  in  1784,  and  dead  in  1797. 

29.  SMITH,  s.  of  John  (14),  res.  in  Wat,  m.  Mercy  Learned  13  Oct.  1743, 
and  had  Benjamin,  b.  17  Mar.  1744-5;  Mary,  bap.  15  July  1753,  m.  Benjamin 
Bird  of  Watertown  9  Nov.  1775  ;  and  several  others. 

30.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (18),  pub.  Abigail  Hovey  of  Newton  26 
June  1762,  and  m.  Experience  Williams  24  Nov.  1785.     According  to  a  record 
kept  by  Rev.  Samuel  Cook  of  Menotomy,  he  had  a  child,  b.  26  Sept.  1 763,  and 
a  son,  b.  10  Ap.  1767;  both  d.  young,  and  their  names  if  any  are  not  recorded. 
EBKNEZER  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  23  Ap.  1803;  his  w.  Experience  d.  22 
Sept,  1810,  a.  55. 

31.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (18),  m.  Rebecca  Frost  13  Ap.  1775,  and  had 
Solomon,  b.  22  Mar.  1776,  in.  Elizabeth  Wyeth  of   Charlestown  15  Ap.  1803, 
and  d.  6  Oct.  1821  (Elizabeth,  prob.  w.  of  Solomon,  Jr.,  d.  22  Sept.  1839,  a. 
67);  Rebecca,  b.  9  Sept.  1777,  m.  Benjamin  Tenney  of  Hollis,  N.  H.,  18  Aug. 
1796;  Samuel,  b.  13  July  1779;  Isaac;  Ebenezer  ;  and  William;  all  named  in 
the  settlement  of  the  estate  of  their  grandfather,  Samuel  Frost,  6  June  1799. 
SOLOMON  the  f.  res.  in  Menotomy,  and  d.  23  Jan.  1804  ;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  13 
Nov.  1798,  a.  52. 

32.  GEORGE,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (18),  m.  Lydia  Hill  21  June  1770,  and  had 
Lydia,  b.  15  Ap   1771,  in.  Jonas  Pierce;  Sarah,  b.  10  Feb.  and  d.  5  Mar.  1773; 
Georye,  b.  24  May  1774,  m.  Susanna  Adams  7  June  1804;  Sarah,  b.  25  Nov. 
1775,  d.  unm.  22  Mar.  1797;  Ebenezer,b.  29  June  1778,  d.  28  July  1SQ1;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  19   Sept.  1780;  Zechariah  and  Rebecca,   twins,  b.  17   Oct.  and  d.  27 
and  28  Oct.  1782;  to  the  foregoing  Binney  adds  Zechariah,  b.  1  Jan.  and  d. 
21  Sept.  1784;  Polly,  b.  24  Nov.  1785,  m.  Abijah  Pierce ;  Rebecca,  b.  22  Oct. 
1787,  m.  Ebenezer  Warren;  John,  b.  12  Sept.  1789,  m.  Sarah  Hall;  Joseph, 
b.  27  May  1792,  d.  19  Nov.  1795;  Benjamin,  twin,  b.  27  May  1792,  killed  by 
a  fall  from  a  wagon  in  New  York  1836.     GEORGE  the  f.  res.  in  Menotomy, 
and  d.  6  Oct.  1819,  a.  73;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  3  Sept.  1822,  a.  75. 

33.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (19),   m.  Mary  Todd  13  June  1782,  and  had 
Samuel,  b.  12  Ap.   1783,  d.  6  Sept.   1807;  Daniel,  b.  15  Sept.  1787,  d.  1  Mar. 

1796;   an  infant,  b.  ,  d.  July  1794;  Elizabeth,  b.  6   Ap.  1794,  m.  Joseph 

Braekett   2   Ap.    1819;   Joseph,   b.    12  Nov.    1797,  went  to  North   Carolina. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  18  July  (or  25,  gravestone,)   1795;  his  w.  Mary  d.  27  Ap. 
1832,  a.  82. 

34.  JONAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (23),  m.  Rachel  Kent  of  Charlestown  22  May  1765; 
and  Sarah  Prentice  12  Nov.  1777  ;  she  d.  1784,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Goddard 
1  Dec.  1785.     His  chil.  were  Jonas,  b.  2  Nov.  1766,  d.  young;  Jonas,  b.  8  Oct. 
1769;  Susanna  Brown,  b.  13  Sept.  1778,  m.  John   Haskell,  school  teacher  of 
Boston,  and  Benjamin  D.  Emerson  of  Boston,  also  a  teacher  and  author  of 
school  books;  Sally,  b.  2  Ap.  1780,  m.  Nathaniel  Ireland  18  Nov.  1802.    JONAS 
thef.  d.  2  May  1801. 

35.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Jonas  (23),  m.  Abigail  Logan  22  Nov.  1764,  and  had 
Nathaniel  Shepard,  b.  7  Aug.  1766,  grad.  H.  C.  1787,  for  many  years  physician 
and  Town  Clerk  in  Roxbury,  d.  5  Nov.  1853,  in  Arlington;  John,  b.  1  Aug. 
and  d.  2  Sept.  1768;  Mehetabel,  bap.  4  June  1769;  Abigail,  b.  10  Oct.  1771, 
m.  Samuel  Capen  14  Oct.  1792;  James,  b.  19  July  1774,  d.  24  Jan.  1794; 
Lydia,  b.  24   Feb.   1779,  d.  unm.  25  Mar.    1864;  Jonas,  bap.  1    Ap.   1781,  d. 
young;  Jonathan  Cooper,  b.  23  Dec.  1783  ;  Harriet,  b.  7  Nov.  1786,  m.  Mark 
Weare  of  Boston  4  Jan.   1810,  d.  26   Mar.  1864;  Jonas,  b.  27  Mar.  1789,  in. 
Ellen  Whittemore,  and  resided  in  Arlington.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  a  chaise 
maker,  and  resided  on  the  southerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  Porter's  Hotel 
he  d.  18  June  1817  ;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  in  Rox.  (but  was  buried  here)  28  Aug. 
1825,  a.  81. 

36.  JOHN,  s.  of  Jonas  (23),  m.  Mary  Scripture  23  Ap.  1772,  and  had  Mary, 
bap.  31  Jan.  1773.  m.  Raham  Richardson  6  Jan.  1791,  had  charge  of  the  alms- 
house  (styled  "  Wardeness  ")  from  Dec.  1802  until  Sept.  1818,  and  afterwards 


PRENTICE.  635 

removed  to  Maine,  to  reside  with  her  son;    Rebecca,  bap.  14   May  1775,  m. 

Nathan   Robbing  10   Ap.  1803;  Mercy,  bap.  13   April   1777,  m. Gibson; 

Lucy,  bap.  14  Feb.  1779,  m.  John  Frost  of  Newton  19  Jan.  1801;  Hannah, 
bap.  28  Jan.  1781,  in.  Samuel  Worth  21  Mar.  1800;  John,  bap.  4  May  1783, 
m.  Sarah  Collier  1  Nov.  1807;  Anna,  bap.  10  July  1785;  Charles,  bap.  28 
Oct.  1787;  Henry;  Clarissa,  bap.  7  Aug.  1791.  JOHN  the  {.inherited  the 
homestead,  on  North  Avenue,  near  the  Fitchburg  Railroad,  was  a  farmer, 
and  d.  23  Feb.  1802  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  11  May  1797,  a.  50. 

37.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (23),  m.  Ruth  Symmes  of  Woburn  (pub.  14  May 
1774),  and  had  Ruth,  b.  12  Oct.  1776.  m.  Isaac  Cowdrey  of  Reading   30  Aug. 
1795;  Thomas,  b.  27  June  1779  ;  Betsey,  b.  8  Dec.  1781  ;  Judith  Symmes,  bap. 
21  Mar.  1784;  Fanny,  bap.  4  June   1786;  Joseph,   bap.  15  Nov.  1789,  d.  24 
Sept.  1802. 

38.  CALEB,  s.  of  Caleb  (26),  grad.  H.  C.  1765,  ordained  in  Reading  Oct. 
1769,  m.  Pamela,  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Mellen  of  Sterling,  1  Jan.  1771,  and  had 
Caleb,  b.  22  or  23  Nov.  1771,  settled  in  Paris,  Me.;  Thomas  Mellen,  b.  29  Mar. 
1773,  d.  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  Charles,  b.  8  Oct.  1774,  grad.  H.  C.  1795,  was  a 
lawyer,  editor,  and  poet,  d.   in   Brimfield   19   Oct.   1820;  Pamela,  b.   21  Ap. 
1776,  m.  Col.  John  Orne  of  Lynnfield ;  John,  b.  21   Mar.  1778,  the  veteran 
printer  and  editor  of   the   New  Hampshire  Sentinel  at  Keene,  N.  H.,  where 
hed.  6  June  1873;  Henry,  b.  10  Dec.  1779,  d.  in  Paris,  Me.,  1845;  Sophia,  b. 
5  Jan.   1782,  known   as  a  poetess,  d.  unm.  12   Oct.  1805;   Clarissa,  b.  4  Ap. 
1784,  m.  Benjamin  Johnson  of  Boston,  Mar.  1805,  d.  in  Camb.  1813  ;  William, 
b.  20  Feb.  1786,  d.  15  Mar.  1806;   George,  b.  and  d.  1787  ;  Lydia,  b.  11  April 
1790,  m.  Rev.  William  Frothingham  of  Belfast,  Me.,  1821  ;   George  Washing- 
ton, b.  21  July  1792,  a  merchant  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  and  afterwards  editor  of 
the  New   York  Statesman,  d.  at  Keene  28  Feb.  1829;  Rebecca,  b.  25  Aug. 
1794,   unm.      REV.  CALKB  the  f.   d.  of  consumption  7  Feb.  1803;   his  w. 
Pamela  m.  Col.  John  Waldron  of  Dover,  N.  H.,  14  Sept.  1809,  and  d.  July 
1823,  a,  73. 

39.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Henry  (28),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  William  Bordman,  and 

had  David  Gorham,  bap.  19  Mar.  1780;  Susanna,  bap.  10  Oct.  1796,  m. 

Pond.     He  had  also  William,  a  hackman  and  afterwards  a  florist ;  John  ;  Re- 
becca.    WILLIAM  the   f.  inherited,  in  the  right  of  his  wife,  a  part  of  the 
Bordman  Estate,  on  North  Avenue,  and  bought  18  May  1779  another  por- 
tion; but  in  consequence  of  thriftless  habits,  he  was  reduced  to  poverty,  and 
d.  in  the  almshouse  23  Sept.  1813;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  25  May  1801. 

40.  HENRY,  s.  of  Henry  (28),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Samuel  Phillips;  they 
bought  a  house  and   two  rods   square  of  ground,  on  the  east  side  of  North 
Avenue,  opposite  the  Common,  16  Nov.  1778,  which  was  seized  on  execution 
by  Dr.  William  Gamage  20  Jan.  1791.     He  rem.  to  New  Hampshire,  and  was 
residing  in  Windham   1797;  but  afterwards  returned  and   d.    here   12   Nov. 
1806;   his  w.   Elizabeth  d.  24   Feb.   1807.     They  had  children  Henry  and 
Thomas  (felo  de  se),  and  perhaps  others. 

41.  BKNJAMIN,  s.  of  Smith  (29),  m.  Ruth  Worthylake  10  Dec.  1767,  in 
Wat.,  and  had  Benjamin;  Ruth,  b.  28  Aug.  1769,  m.  Amos  Munroe  18  Dec. 
1803,  and  d.  17  June  1853;  Caleb;  Henry,  d.   15  Oct.  1796,  a.   24;  John; 
George,  d.  in   the  almshouse   18  Mar.   1849,  a.   74;   Elisha ;  Ellis,  m.  Lydia 
Haynes  of  Wat.  23  Mar.  1806;  and  perhaps  others.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  res. 
several  years  on  the  road  leading  from  the  junction  of  Elm  wood  Avenue  and 
Mount  Auburn  Street  toward  Charles  River,  and  d.  17  Dec.  1807. 

42.  GEORGE,  s.  of  George  (32),  a  farmer  in  Menot.,  m.  Susanna  Adams  7 
June  1804,  and  had  child,  b.  and  d.  1805;  Susanna,  b.  2  Sept.  1806;  George, 
b.    13  Mar.  1809;  Sarah,  b.  24  Sept.  1811;  Lydia,  b.  11   Ap.  1814;   Caroline 
Austin,  b.  22  Aug.  1816;  Eliza  Bradley,  b.  26  Oct.  1819. 

43.  JONATHAN   COOPER,   s.   of  Nathaniel  (35),  m.  Mary  Whittemore  of 
Chs.  14  Aug.  1812,  and  had  Abigail  Logan,  bap.  26  Sept.  1813;  Mary  Whitte- 
more, bap.  22  June  1817  ;  Nathaniel,  bap.  12  Aug.  1821.  in.  Anna  A.,  dau.  of 
Nathan  Fiske,  Esq.,  4  May  1844,  and  removed  to  the  westward.     JONATHAN 
C.  the  f.  was  a  chaise  trimmer,  res.  nearly  opposite  Porter's  Hotel,  and  d.  15 


636  PRENTICE  — READ. 

Aug.  1856.  It  is  worthy  of  note,  that  he  was  the  last  male  representative  in 
Camb.  of  this  family,  once  so  numerous  here,  and  now  spread  abroad  so 
widely. 

44.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  John  (36),  m.  Sarah  Collier  1  Nov.  1807,  and  had 
Julian,  b.  1809,  d.  19  Aug.  1817,  a.  8;  John,  b.   1812,  d.  17  Aug.  1817,  a.  5; 
and  perhaps  others.     Sarah,  prob.  w.  of  John,  d.  9  June  1818,  a.  40. 

45.  SAMUEL,  of  Acton,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Wil- 
liam Dickson  of  Chs.,  17  Oct.  1765,  and  had,  in  Menot.,  a  child,  b.  22  Aug. 
1766,  and  another  b.  16  June  1768,  both  d.  young;  Ruth  Dickson,  b.  25  Dec. 
1770;  a  child,  b.  17  Oct.  1773,  d.  youno;. 

46.  EDWARD,   parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w. ,  had  Mary,  bap.  18 

Dec.  1768;   Thomas,  bap.  10  Mar.  1771;  John,  bap.  25  Ap.  1773. 

47.  STEPHEN,  by  w. ,  had  in  Menot.  Ruth  Ted,  bap.  8  Dec.  1771. 

48.  CALEB,  m.  Margaret  W.  Winship  1    Aug.   1816,  res.  in   Cambridge- 
port,  where  he  d.  and  was  buried  20  Feb.  1829,  a.  44. 

PRINCE,  JOHN,  owned  two  lots  of  land  here  in  1635,  and  is  named  on  the 
Records  in  1634. 

RAYNER,  SAMUEL  (otherwise  written  Rainer,  Reighnor,  and  Reynor),  by 
w.  Mary,  had  Hannah,  b.  2  Mar.  1654,  m.  Ephraim  Winship  7  Ap.  1670*; 
Mary,  who  m.  Edward  Hall  18  June  1677,  was  perhaps  of  the  same  family. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  received  a  share  in  the  division  of  lands  1665;  his  w.  Mary 
was  probably  the  person  mentioned  in  the  settlement  of  Ephraim  Winship's 
estate  2  Feb.  1700-1,  in  which  is  a  charge  for  maintaining  his  "ancient 
mother-in-law  Reighnor." 

READ,  CHRISTOPHER,  bought  of  Joseph  Holmes  31  May  1674  a  house  and 
three  quarters  of  an  acre  of  land  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street, 
not  far  from  Appian  Way,  where  he  appears  to  have  resided  until  20  June 
1685,  when  he  sold  the  estate  to  Samuel  Goffe.  Mr.  Read  was  a  tanner,  and 
had  previously  resided  in  Boston.  He  removed  hence,  was  in  Dunstable  5 
Mar.  1686-7,  and  d.  at  Dracut  about  1710.  He  had  one  dau.  who  was  the  wife 
of  "  Mr.  Samuel  Whiting  "  5  Oct.  1710. 

2.  JAMES,  m.  Sarah  Batson  12  Aug.  1714 ;  she  d.  25  Nov.  1721,  and  he  m. 
Mary  Oldham  3  Ap.  1722,  who  d.  20  Ap.  1751,  a.  72.     His  chil.  were  James, 
b.  9  Oct.  1721,  d.  Ap.  1722;  James,  bap.  27  Jan.  1722-3.     JAMES  the  f.  was 
a  tanner,  and  bought  2  Oct.  1714  the  estate  formerly  owned  by  Christopher 
Read   (1),  which  had  previously  passed    through   several  hands.     It  is  not 
known  that  he  was  a  relative  of  Christopher.     He  purchased  other  lands  ad- 
joining his  homestead,  and  also  three  and  a  half  acres  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  street.     He  d.  6  May  1734,  a.  about  69.    By  his  will,  dated  30  Aug.  1728, 
he  devised  the  use  of  his  estate  to  his  w.  Mary,  and  constituted  his  s.  James 
his  sole  heir ;  providing  that  if  his  son  should  die  without  issue,  then  the  es- 
tate should  go  to  Sarah  Glover  and  Elizabeth  Culvery,  sisters  of  the  testator, 
residing  in  England.     It  is  not  unlikely  that  Mr.  Read  was  himself  an  emi- 
grant from  England. 

3.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (2),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Rev.  Joseph    Stacey  of 
Kingston  (pub.  20  July  1744),  and  had  Mary,  bap.  13  Oct.  1745,  d.  12  Aug. 
1748  ;  Sarah,  bap.  1  Nov.  1747,  m.  Rev.  William  Fessenden  22  Jan.  1771,  and 
d.  before  1780  ;  James,  bap.  25  Feb.  and  d.  29  July  1750;  James,  bap.  28  July 
1751;  Joseph,  bap.  14  Sept.  1753;  Joseph  Stacey,  bap.  10  Nov.  1754  ;  Hannah, 
bap.  25  Sept.   1757.     JAMES  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  resided  through  life 
on  the  homestead.    He  d.  31  July  1770,  a.  48  ;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  22  Sept.  1788, 
a.  65. 

4.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (3),  m.  Elizabeth  Wait  3  Dec.  1772,  and  had  James, 
bap.  15  Aug.  1773.     JAMES  the  f.  erected  the  house  now  standing  on  the  lot 
purchased  by  his  grandfather,  on  the  northerly  side  of  Brattle   Street,   at 
the  corner  of  Church  Street.     He  d.  Sept.  1814,  a.  63  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  9 
June  1827. 

5.  JOSEPH  STACEY,  s.  of  James  (3),  m.  Esther  Goodwin  25  Sept.  1783, 
and  had  Sarah,  b.  11   July  1784,  m.  Chester   Sessions   10  Aug.  1806,  and  d. 
18  June  1834  ;  Esther,  b.  17  Oct.  1785,  in.  Asa  Wyman  27  Mar.  1814,  d.  29 


READ— REED.  637 

Dec.  1863;  Joseph  Stacey,  b.  17  Aug.  1787,  a  saddler  and  harness  maker,  d. 
24  May  1853 ;  James,  b.  19  Nov.  1789,  a  merchant  in  Boston,  d.  24  Dec.  1870; 
John,  b.  10  Sept.  1793,  a  merchant,  d.  14  June  1871  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  4  Aug. 
1795,  m.  Josiah  N.  Marshall  23  July  1823,  d.  8  May  1860;  William,  b.  10 
May  1798,  d.  15  July  1799;  William,  b.  12  Ap.  1800,  a  merchant  in  Boston, 
res.  on  Appleton  Street;  Mary,  b.  19  Sept.  1803,  accidently  killed  by  a  run- 
away team  4  Jan.  1854;  Lucy,  b. ,  d.  6  Sept.  1805,  a.  2  months.  JOSEPH 

STACEY  the  f.  was  a  saddler  and  for  many  years  Postmaster.  He  was  bur. 
12  Oct.  1836  ;  his  w.  Esther  was  bur.  25  Sept.  1843,  a.  78. 

6.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (4),  m.  Mary  Stebbins  Brown,  dau.  of  Maj.  John 
Brown,  and  had  Eliza,  b.  13  Aug.  1800,  m.  Nahum  Stratton  of  Richmond, 
Va.,  13  Aug.  1826  ;  James  Barnard,  b.  26  Aug.  1802,  m.  Emily,  dau.  of  Maj. 
Jonas  Wyeth  9  Nov.  1828,  and  res.  in  Boston.  JAMES  the  f.  was  a  merchant 
and  spent  several  years  in  the  Island  of  Tobago,  where  both  his  children  were 
born.  He  returned  to  Camb.  before  1809,  and  d.  8  Sept.  1828,  a.  55. 

REED,  WILLIAM,  aged  48,  with  w.  Mabel,  aged  30,  and  three  chil.  left  Lon- 
don in  the  ship  Defence  July  1635,  and  arrived  at  Boston  on  the  6th  of  the 
next  October.  He  res.  successively  at  Dorchester,  Scituate  (where  he  was 
Constable  in  1644),  and  Brookline  until  1648,  when  he  bought  a  farm  in  Wo- 
burn.  His  chil.  b.  in  England,  were  George,  b.  1629;  Ralph,  b.  1630,  m. 
Mary  Pierce,  d.  4  Jan.  1711-12  ;  Justice,  b.  1633,  prob.  d.  young;  and  in  New 

England",  Abigail,  b.  1635,  m.  Francis  Wyman  2  Oct.  1650;  Bethia,  b. , 

m.  John  Johnson,  28  Ap.  1657  ;  Israel,  b.  1642,  m.  Mary  Kendall,  d.  29  June 

1711;  Sarah,  b.  ,  m.  Samuel  Walker  10  Sept.  1662;  Rebecca,  b. , 

in.  Joseph  Winn,  and  d.  in  1734.  WILLIAM  the  f.  with  his  w.  and  the  four 
younger  chil.  returned  to  England  and  d.  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  a.  69;  ad- 
ministration, with  the  will  annexed,  was  granted  to  his  wife  Mabel  by  Oliver 
Cromwell,  "the  last  day  of  October  1656."  She  returned  to  Woburn  with 
her  children,  and  m.  Henry  Somers  21  Nov.  1661,  whom  she  survived,  and 
died  at  the  house  of  her  son  George,  5  June  1690,  a.  85. 

2.  GEORGE,  s.  of  William  (1),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Robert  Jennison  of 
Watertown,  4  Oct.  1652 ;  she  d.  in  childbed  26  Feb.  1664-5,  a.  28,  and  he  m. 
Hannah  Rockwell  of  Chs.  9  Nov.  1665.     His  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  26  July 
1653,  m.  David  Fiske;  twins,  b.  14  Nov.  1654,  both  d.  in  infancy;  Samuel,  b. 
29  Ap.  1656,  prob.  the  physician  of  that  name  in  Chs.;  Abigail,  b.  27  June 
1658  ;   George,  b.  14  Sept.  1660;    William,  b.  22  Sept.  1662;  Sarah,  b.  12  Feb. 

1664-5,  m.  Robinson;  Hannah,  b.  18  Feb.  1669-70,  m. Elson  ;  John, 

b.  18  Mar.   1671-2,   m.  Ruth  Johnson  of  Woburn,  had  children,  and  d.  21 
Dec.  1755;  Mary,  b.  15  June  1674,  m.  Matthew  Johnson,  Jr.,  of   Woburn  12 
Dec.  1695  ;   Timothy,  b.  20   Oct.  1678,  m.  Persis  Kendall,  had  children,  and 
d.   17   Oct.   1758;   Thomas,  b.    15  July  1682,    m.   Sarah   Sawyer,  and  d.  18 
Aug.   1736.     GEORGE  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  res.  in  Woburn,  and  d.  21  Feb. 
1705-6,  a.  77  ;  his  w.  Hannah  survived. 

3.  GEORGE,  s.  of  George  (2),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Thomas  Peirce,  18  Feb. 
1684-5;  she  d.  9  Sept.  1719,  a.  nearly  59,  and  he  m.  wid.  Sybil  Rice  of  Sud- 
bury  24  May  1721.     His  chil.  were  Abigail,  b.  6  Feb.  1685-6,  m.  Capt.  Sam- 
uel Stone  of  Lex.,  and  d.  16  Jan.    1767;   Ebenezer,  b.  6  Mar.  1689-90,  m. 

Huldah ,  had  children,  and  d.  9  July  1767  ;     George,  b.  2  Aug.  1697,  d. 

6  Oct.  1697;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  June  1700,  m.  Deac.  Christopher  Paige,  of  that 
part  of  Billerica  which  is   now  Bedford,  23    May    1720,  afterwards  rein,  to 
Hardwic-k,  had  seven  sons  and  three  daughters,  and  d.  1786.      GEORGE  the 
f.  was  a  farmer,  res.  in  Woburn,  was  many  years  Deacon  of  the  Church,  and 
d.  20  Jan.  1756,  a.  95. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  George  (2),  settled  at  Camb.  Farms,  m.  Abigail  Ken- 
dall 24  May  1686,  and  had  Abigail,  b.  29  May  1687,  m.  Deac.  Jonathan  Fisk; 

William.,  b.  18  July  1693;  Mary,  b.  8  Ap.  1695.  m.  Deac.  John  Stone  of  Lex. 
8  Ap.  1714,  andd.  16  Oct.  1772;  Benjamin,  b.  22  Oct.  1696;  Samuel,  b.  24 
Oct.  1699;  Joshua,  b.  20  June  1702;  Hepzibah,  b.  10  Dec.  1705,  m.  Daniel 
Tidd  9  Ap.  1724.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  Captain  of  Militia,  and  an 
active  citizen.  On  the  incorporation  of  Lex.  as  a  separate  town  he  was 


638  REED. 

elected  one  of  the  first  Board  of  Selectmen.  He  was  also  the  first  Represent- 
ative 1714,  and  again  in  1716. and  1717,  and  d.  12  May  1718,  a.  55;  his  w. 
Abigail  d.  12  Oct.  1734. 

5.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (4),  m.  Sarah  Poulter,  and  had  William,  b.  1 
Jan.  1719-20;  Samuel,  b.  4  May  1722;  Sarah,  b.   3  Jan.  1724-5;  Mary,  b. 
10  Mar.   1727-8;    Oliver,    b.  25    Mar.  1730;   John,  b.   28  May  1731;    Ham- 
mond, b.  28  Ap.  1734;  Eliot,  b.  28  Ap.  1738;  Hannah,  b.  21  Oct.  1740;  Na- 
than, b.  9  Nov.  1743.     WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  in  Lex.  and  was  one  of  the  most 
prominent  citizens  of  the  town.     He  was  Captain  of  the  Militia,  Representa- 
tive seventeen  years  between  1741  and  1770,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace.     He 
d.  11  Feb.  1778;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  25  Nov.  1769,  a.  70. 

6.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  William  (4),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Stone, 
about  1717;  she  d.  31   Mar.    1748,  a.  52,  and  he  m.  Hannah,  wid.  of  Deac. 
Joseph  Estabrook,  19  July  1753.     His  chil.  were  Benjamin,  b.  13  May  1718  ; 
Abigail,  b.  30  Mar.  1720;    Jonas,  b.  7  June  1722;  Rebecca,  b.  5  Nov.  1724; 
Isaac,  b.  30  July  1727;  Jonathan,  b.  8  Mar.  1730;   Thaddeus,  b.  17  June  1732. 
d.  21  Ap.  1741  ;  Dorcas,  b.  18  July  1734;  Samuel,  b.  3  Ap.  1737  ;  Ruth,  b.  9 
Nov.  1741.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  res.  in  Lex.,  was  Major  of  Militia,  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  and  was  Representative  8  years,  from  1750  to  1763.     He  d.  21 
Dec.  1 765.     His  sons  Benjamin  and  Jonas  settled  in  Rutland. 

7.  JOSHUA,  s.  of  William   (4),   m.  Elizabeth  Russell   21  Jan.  1724-5,  and 
had  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Feb.  1725-6,  m.  Jonathan  Winship ;   Hepzibah,  b.  8  Mar. 
1727-8,  d.  young;  Joshua,  b.  15  May  1730,  m.  Susanna  Houghton  of  Lancas- 
ter, and  d.  11  Aug.  1798;  Joseph,  b.  21  June  1739,  m.  Anna  Blood  of  Sterling. 
JOSHUA  the  f.  res.  in  Lex.,  and  d.  5   Oct.  1 755 ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  29  Feb. 
1743,  a.  41. 

8.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Timothy  of  Woburn,  b.  10  May  1718,  m.  Kezia  Con- 
verse 26  Feb.  1739,  and  had  Jonathan,  b.  (in  Woburn)  15  June  1740;  Robert, 

b.  (in  Lex.)  3  Aug.  1742;  Jude,b. ;  Mehetabel,\>. ;  these  four  were 

bap.  here  25  Sept.  1748;  Joel,  bap.  12  Nov.  1749;  Phebe,  bap.  2.  Feb.  1752; 

Amos,  bap.   30  Dec.  1753;  Samuel,  b. ;  Ann,  "born  in  the  boat  when 

they  were  fleeing  to  escape  the  tomahawk  and  scalping  knife  of  the  Indians  " 
(Hisf.  Reed  Fam.) ;  Mary.     JONATHAN  the  f.  removed  to  Woolwich,  Me., 
soon  after  1753,  where  he  d.  in  1805;  his  w.  Kezia  d.  in  1808.     A  numerous 
posterity  remains  near  the  Kennebec  River. 

9.  SETH,  s.  of  Daniel  of  Woburn,  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Samuel,   b.  1733,  d.  13 
June   1749,  a.   16;  Seth,\>.  1735,  d.   26  June  1749,  a.   14;  Thomas,  b.  about 
1737;  Susanna,  b.  1739,  d.  25  June  1749,  a.  10;  Daniel,  b.  10  Ap.  1742;  Lydia, 
b.  13  June  1745;  Susanna,  b.  17  Mar.  1749-50,  d.  24  Nov.  1753;  Hannah,  b. 
6  Jan.  1751-2,  d.  24  Nov.  1753.     SETH  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  18  Mar. 
1783,  a.  80;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  31  Aug.  1789,  a.  79. 

10.  THOMAS,  s.  of    Seth    (9),   m.  Rhoda  Crosby  2  July  1761,  and  had 
Rhoda,  b.  13  July  1762,  m.  Frederic  Johnson  16   Oct.  1783;"  Seth,  b.  21  June 
1765;  Daniel  Crosby,  b.  11   Sept.  1766   (prob.  the  same   called  Daniel  Reed, 
who  d.  in  Arlington  6  Feb.  1820,  a.  54,  and  whose  chil.  were  Daniel,  Jr.,  d.  20 
June  1817,  a.  14  ;  Mary,  d.  20  Sept.  1821,  a.  25;  and  Benjamin,  d.  12  Aug. 
1836,  a.  40);  a  dau.  b.  11  Dec.  1769;  Amos,  b.  12  Oct.  1773.     THOMAS  the 
f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  7  June  1776,  a.  about  40;  his  w.  Rhoda  d.  22  Nov. 
1773,  a  32. 

11.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Seth  (9),  res.  in  Menot.,  and  according  to  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Cooke's  Journal,  he  had  by  w.  Dorothy,  twelve  children  between  8  Feb.  1764 
and  1  Sept.  1783,  among  whom  were  two  pairs  of  twins  and  one  set  of  triplets, 
but  none  of  the  names  are  recorded.     DANIEL  the  f.  d.  22  Aug.  1801  ;  his  w. 
Dorothy  d.  26  Ap.  1789,  a.  47. 

12.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  of  Woburn,  b.  18  Nov.  1704,  by  w.  Lydia,  had 
Lydia,  b.  17  Oct.  1737;   Thomas,  b.   22  Dec.  1740;  Sarah,  b.  26  June  1742; 
Abigail,  b.  21   Aug.  1743  ;  Joseph,  b.  23  Dec.  1745  ;  Kezia,  b.  24  Aug.   1747. 
THOMAS  the  f.  rem.  to  Camb.  before  27  Nov.  1770,  when  his  w.  Lydia  d.  a. 
54,  and  he  m.  Alice  Pierce  1  Ap.  1773.     He  d.  1  7  Ap.  1776. 

13.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Thomas  (12),  m.  Relief  Richardson,  and  had  William,  b. 


REED  —  REMIN  GTON.  639 

24  July  1768.  His  w.  d.  and  he  m.  Lavina  Bond,  and  had  Joseph,  bap.  3  Feb. 
1771  ;  Edmund,  bap.  13  Sept.  1772;  Lydia,  bap.  14  Ap.  1776  ;  John,  bap.  21 
Mar.  1779. 

14.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Jacob  of  Woburn,  b.  1748,  m.  Eunice  Cook  of  Camb. 
4  July  1775,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  7  Ap.  1776;  Eunice,  b.  1  Ap.  1778,  m.  Ebene- 
zer  Jenkins,  Boston,  15  Oct.  1801;  Reuben,  b.  9  Nov.  1785,  chaise  maker  in 
Boston,  d.  17  May  1873;  Elizabeth,  b.  22  Nov.  1787,  m.  John  Rayner,  Boston; 
Sarah,  b.  22  Dec.  1790,  m.  Abel  Baker,  Boston,  1807.  JOSEI-H  the  f.  d.  23 
Feb.  1816;  his  w.  Eunice  d.  1  Oct.  1825,  a.  76. 

MERCY,  dau.  of  Samuel,  bap.  5  Dec.  1697.  JOHN,  s.  of  Timothy,  bap.  15 
Ap.  1722.  HANNAH,  m.  Downing  Champney,  Jr.,  4  July  1765. 

REDDING,  JOSEPH  (or  Reading,  and  Readinge),  here  in  1633,  owned 
house  and  land  1635  on  the  easterly  side  of  Holyoke  Street,  between  Mount 
Auburn  Street  and  Holyoke  Place.  His  name  disappears  early;  and  Farmer 
says  he  was  of  Ipswich  in  1638. 

REDFEN,  WILLIAM  (or  Redfin,  and  Redfyn),  owned  house  and  four  acres 
on  the  south  side  of  the  river  in  1642,  which  he  sold  to  Edward  Jackson 
8  Sept.  1746,  and  rem.  to  New  London,  Conn. 

REMINGTON,  JOHN,  of  "  Newbury  1637,  freeman  1639,  rem.  to  Andover, 
and  thence  to  Rowley  and  to  Roxbury."  (Fanner.)  By  w.  Elizabeth  he 
had  John;  Thomas;  Jonathan,  b.  12  Feb.  1639-40;  Daniel,  b.  2  Oct.  1641, 
was  prob.  of  Boston  1680;  Hannah,  b.  19  June  1643,  prob.  the  same  who  m. 
Thomas  Larkin  of  Chs.  13  Sept.  1666;  Elizabeth,  b.  5  Ap.  1645,  d.  16  Mar. 
1646;  prob.  a  second  Elizabeth,  b.  about  1648,  m.  John  Stedman  of  Camb.  14 
May  1666,  and  Samuel  Gibson  14  June  1679,  and  d.  1680,  naming  Jonathan 
Remington  in  her  will,  as  her  brother;  Mary,  b.  31  Mar.  1653,  d.  —  Mar. 
1653-4.  These  chil.  except  the  first  two  were  b.  at  Rowley,  where  Elizabeth 
the  mother  d.  24  Oct.  1658.  JOHN  the  f.  was  Lieut,  of  militia  1647,  and  re- 
moved to  Roxbury,  where  he  d.  8  June  1667. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Abigail,  had   in  Rowley,  John,  b.    12  Mar. 
1650-51;  Abigail,  b.  14  Sept,  1652;  Prudence,  b.  14  July  1657.     JOHN  the  f. 
rem.  with  his  family  to  Haverhill  as  early  as  1667. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Mehetabel,  had  in  Rowley,  Thomas,  b.  17 
July  1659;  John,   b.   2   Nov.  1661;  Jonathan,  b.  —  Dec.   1663;  Mary,  b.   14 
July  1666;  Sarah,  b.  8  Dec.  1668. 

4.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (1),  settled  in  Camb.  and  m.  Martha,  dau.  of  An- 
drew Belcher,   13  July   1664,  and  had  Martha,  b.   18  Feb.  1666-7,  d.   23  Ap. 
1669;  Jonathan,  b.  17  Mar.  1668-9,  d.  16  Ap.  1669;  Martha,  b.  28  Oct.  1674, 
m.  Capt.  Nicholas  Bowes  of  Boston  29  Jan.  1718-19;  Jonathan,  b.  25  Sept.  1677; 
Samuel,  b.  11  July  1679,  d.  3  June  1680;  Anna,  b.  30  Jan.  1680-81,  m.  John 

Hill  24  June   1708;  John,  b. ,  d.  6  Ap.    1689;  Mary,  b. ,  d.  3  Dec. 

1690;  Elizabeth,  b. ,  had  share  of  estate;  Sarah,  b.  10  May  1688,  m.  John 

Biscoe  of  Watertown  1  Feb.  1710-11.    JONATHAN  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  but 
from  an  early  period  much  engaged   in  public  affairs.     He  resided   near  the 
westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets  from   1665  to   1682,  when  he  ex- 
changed that  estate  for  the  original  Blue  Anchor  Tavern,  which  he  kept  dur- 
ing the  remainder  of  his  life.     He  served  in  Philip's  War,  1675,  as  Corporal ; 
was  appointed  Lieutenant   27  June   1689;  and  served  in  a  later  Indian  War, 
during  which    he  was  stationed   at   Groton  as   Commissary,  Sept.  1689,  and 
at  Wells  as  Lieutenant,  May  1691,  at  which  last  place  he  had  command   of 
Capt.  Josiah  Convers'   Company.     He  was   Selectman   nine   years  between 
1688  and  1700,  and  Town  Clerk  1693,  1698,  1699,  1700.     He  d.  21  Ap.  1700, 
a.  61;  his  w.  Martha  d.  16  July  1711,  a.  67. 

5.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (4),  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of  Rev.  Simon  Bradstreet 
of  New  London  (whose  wid.  had  m.  Daniel  Epps,  and  at  the  time  of  this 
marriage  was  residing  in  Medf.  being  a  second  time  a  widow),  5  Sept.  1711, 
and  had  Lucy,  b.  17  Aug.  1712,  m.  Rev.  William  Hobby  of  Reading   21  Oct. 
1734;  Martha,   b.   24  July   1714,   m.   Judge   Edmund   Trowbridge   15  Mar. 
1737-8,  and  d.  without  issue  31  July  1772;  Jonathan,  b.  11  June  1716,  grad. 
H.  C.  1736,  d.  unm.  24  Dec.  1738;  Mary,  b.  22  July  1718,  m.  Rev.  Benjamin 


640  REMINGTON—  RICE  —  RICHARDSON. 

Stevens  of  Kittery  28  Sept.  1752,  and  d.  27  May  1763  (she  was  grandmother 
of  Rev.  Joseph  Stevens  Buckminster,  who  grad.  H.  C.  1800,  and  d.  1812); 
John,  b.  24  Oct.  1720;  Simon,  b.  31  July  1722,  prob.  d.  young;  Ann,  b.  19 
Feb.  1724-5,  m.  William  Ellery,  Esq.,  of  Newport,  R.  I,  11  Sept.  1750,  and 
d.  7  Sept.  1764,  a.  39  (she  was  mother  of  Elizabeth,  who  m.  Chief  Justice 
Dana  5  Aug.  1773,  and  d.  31  Aug.  1807,  a.  56;  and  of  Lucy,  who  m.  William 
Channing,  of  which  marriage  issued  William  E.  Channing,  D.  D.,  Walter 
Channing,  M.  D.,  and  Prof.  Edward  T.  Channing,  LL.  D.).  JONATHAN  the 
f.  grad.  H.  C.  1696,  was  elected  Tutor  4  Jan.  1702-3,  was  also  Fellow,  but 
resigned  his  Fellowship  1711,  in  anticipation  of  marriage,  which  was  prohib- 
ited to  a  Fellow  of  the  College  at  that  period.  He  was  admitted  by  the 
Superior  Court  an  attorney  at  law,  and  took  the  prescribed  oath  in  Jan. 
1709-10.  He  was  a  Selectman  1712  and  1715-1719;  Representative  in  the 
General  Court  twelve  years  between  1714  and  1728;  was  elected  Councillor 
1727,  which  office  he  then  declined,  but  accepted  a  similar  appointment  three 
years  later,  and  served  as  Councillor  eleven  years,  1 730-1 740.  He  was  ap- 
pointed Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  1729,  Judge  of  Probate  1731, 
and  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  1733,  which  last  two  offices  he  held  during 
life.  He  d.  30  Sept.  1745,  a.  68.  His  w.  Lucy  d.  18  Ap.  1743,  a.  62.  Judge 
Remington  was  cousin  to  Governor  Belcher.  It  is  said  that  they  cherished 
towards  each  other  such  a  peculiar  friendship  as  to  desire  that  their  bodies 
might  rest  in  one  grave.  Judge  Remington  died  first,  and  was  buried  near 
his  father.  Gov.  Belcher,  though  at  that  time  residing  in  New  Jersey,  caused 
a  tomb  to  be  constructed  here,  in  which,  upon  his  death  in  1757,  his  body  and 
that  of  Judge  Remington  were  placed  side  by  side. 

RICE,  RICHARD,  was  an  early  inhabitant  .here,  and  contracted  1  Mar. 
1635-6,  to  take  charge  of  "  one  hundred  cows  for  the  space  of  three  months, 
to  begin  when  he  shall  be  appointed,  and  is  to  have  ten  pounds  paid  him 
within  ten  days  after  the  ships  be  come  in,  or  in  June."  He  remained  here 
but  a  short  time,  and  rem.  to  Concord,  where  he  d.  9  June  1709,  having  nearly 
or  quite  completed  his  century.  In  a  deposition,  7  Oct.  1684,  he  is  styled  72 
years  old;  if  this  were  his  true  age,  he  was  97  at  death,  and  Mr.  Shattuck 
assumes  this  as  the  true  age ;  but  he  was  reputed  among  his  contemporaries 
to  be  still  older.  Judge  Foxcroft  made  a  memorandum  on  the  back  of  Mr. 
Rice's  will,  —  "  Paul  Rice  the  surviving  Executor  in  the  same  named,  exhib- 
ited this  writing  as  the  last  will  and  testament  of  his  father  Richard  Rice,  late 
of  Concord,  (aged  100  years),  deceased  for  probate,"  etc.,  8  Aug.  1709.  In 
the  will  are  named  chil.  Paul,  Peter,  Mary  (who  d.  between  27  Dec.  1708  and 
8  Aug.  1709),  Hannah  Wilcockson,  Abigail  Reed,  and  Sarah  Cootsay.  It  has 
been  supposed,  but  erroneously,  by  several  writers,  that  this  RICHARD  was 
ancestor  of  the  numerous  race  in  Sudbury  and,  Marlborough,  distinguished  for 
longevity.  Their  ancestor  was  EDMUND,  freeman  1640,  first  of  Sudbury  and 
afterwards  of  Marlborough,  where  he  d.  in  May  1663,  and  as  the  Record  says, 
was  "  buried  at  Sudbury." 

JONATHAN,  m.  Rebecca  Watson  1  Nov.  1677.  TIMOTHY,  of  Concord,  m. 
Abigail,  dau.  of  John  Marrett,  27  Ap.  1687.  ABIGAIL,  m.  Thomas  Harring- 
ton 5  Feb.  1712-13,  SUSANNA,  m.  Joseph  Shed  16  Dec.  1720. 

RICHARDSON,  ABIEL,  parentage  not  ascertained,  had  w.  Sarah,  who  d.  24 
May  1751,  a.  nearly  28,  and  he  m.  Abigail  Convers  9  July  1751.  His  chil. 
vtere-Sarah,  b.  15  Nov.  1749,  m.  Jonathan  Winship  4  May  1769;  Susanna,  b. 
2  May  1751;  Abiel,  b.  28  June  1753;  Abigail,  bap.  19  Jan.  1755;  Frances,  b. 
2  Feb.  1756  ;  Godfrey,  b.  15  Sept.  1757.  ABIEL  the  f.  rem.  to  Cumberland, 
N.  S.,  where  he  and  his  son  Abiel  were  drowned  14  Nov.  1765. 

2.  MOSES,  s.  of  Theophilus  (who  was  s.  of  Ezekiel,  gr.  s.  of  Theophilus,  and 
gr.  gr.  s.  of  the  original  Ezekiel),  was  born  in  Woburn  8  Ap.  1722;  he  m. 
Mary,  dau.  of  Henry  Prentice,  and  had  Mary,  b.  10  June  1753,  m.  William 
Russell  of  Boston  16  Jan.  1772;  Moses,  b.  10  Sept.  1755;  Katherine,  b.  16 
Aug.  1757,  m.  James  Smith  of  Boston  11  Sept.  1788;  Elias,  b.  27  Sept. 
1760  ;  Raham,  b.  4  Nov.  1762;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  July  1767.  MOSES  the  f.  was 
a  housewright,  and  resided  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Holmes  Place,  on  the  estate 


RICHARDSON— ROBBINS.  641 

long  owned  by  Mr.  Royal  Morse,  which  estate  he  purchased  of  Downing 
Champney  8  Jan.  1749.  He  was  one  of  the  first  martyrs  in  the  cause  of 
American  Freedom.  With  other  gallant  spirits,  he  resisted  the  British  Troops 
on  the  memorable  nineteenth  of  April  1775,  and  was  slain  in  battle.  It  is  said 
that  a  musket  ball  passed  through  his  head.  His  w.  Mary  d.  10  Mar.  1812, 

a.  82. 

3.  EDWARD,  said  to  have  been  s.  of  Edward  of  Woburn,  and  nephew  of 
Moses  (2),  m.  Anne  Wilson  16  May  1771,  and  had  in  Camb.  Edward,  b.  28 
Sept.  1773,  d.  7  May  1774;  John,  b.  25  Sept.  1775;  Edward,  b.  22  Oct.  1777; 
Samuel,  b.  22  Oct.  1780,  and  perhaps  others. 

.  4.  ELIAS,  s.  of  Moses  (2),  m.  Mary  Rand  15  May  1788,  and  had  Moses,  b. 
7  Ap.  1789;  Mary,  b.  19  Ap.  1791  ;  Elias,  b.  15  and  d.  26  Oct.  1792  ;  Chris- 
topher Columbus,  b.  17  Jan.  1794;  Elizabeth,  b.  11  Oct.  1795;  Sarah  Rand,  b. 
27  Nov.  1797,  d.  20  Mar.  1798;  Rebecca  Rand,  bap.  27  Jan.  1799,  m.  Silas 
B.  Fillebrown.  ELIAS  the  f.  was  a  glazier,  and  d.  14  Aug.  1801,  a.  41;  his- 
w.  Mary  d.  26  Oct.  1828,  a.  71. 

5.  RAHAM,  s.  of  Moses  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Prentiss  6  Jan.  1791, 
and  had  Henry,  b.  25  Mar.  1791  ;  James  Prentiss,  b.  23  July  1796,  ordained 
at  Poland,  Me.,  16  Aug.  1826,  dismissed  1833,  and  installed  at  Otisfield,  Me., 
22  Oct.  1833.     RAHAM  the  f.  was  a  saddler,  inherited  the  homestead,  which 
he  sold  to  Susanna  and  Catherine  Morse  13  Ap.  1792,  and  d.  of  consumption 
27  Nov.  1800,  a.  38;  his  w.  Mary  had  charge  of  the  alrnshouse  from  Dec.  1802 
to  Sept.  1818,  rem.  to  Maine  to  dwell  with  her  son,  and  d.  1  Jan.  1861. 

6.  HENRY,  s.  of  Raham  (5),  m.  Relief  Arnold,  and  had  at  Framingham 
Henry  Francis,  b.  4  June  1815  ;  Mary  Prentiss,  b.  25  June  1817 ;  Raham  Wil- 
liam, b.  20  July  1819,   d.  12   Oct.  1847;  James  Prentiss,  b.    20  Aug.   1821,  a 
lawyer  in  Camb.,  m.  Jane  Carson,  was  Captain  of  the  first  military  company 
which  was  organized  for  the  special  purpose  of  maintaining  the  Union  in  the 
War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  afterwards  Lieut.-colonel  and  Judge  (see  page 
431);  Benjamin  Franklin,  b.  6  Feb.  1823  ;  and  in  Sudbury,  Samuel  Wadsworth, 

b.  30  Nov.  1824,  a  Lieut.-colonel  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion;  Relief  Catherine, 
b.  27  Nov.  1826  ;  Elizabeth  Ann,  b.  14  Dec.  1828,  d.  31  Jan.  1850.     HENRY 
the  f.  res.  at  Framingham,  and  afterwards  at  Sudbury,  where  he  d.  —  Aug. 
1871;  his  w.  Relief  d.  17  Sept.  1864. 

7.  RICHARD,  said  to  have  been  s.  of  Edward  of  Woburn,  also  nephew  to 
Moses  (2),  and  brother  to  Edward  (3),  is  supposed  to  have  been  born   23 
Sept.  1751.     Slight  traces  are  found  of  him  here.     He  was  a  housewright, 
and  bought  a  part  of  the  Holden  Farm,  bordering  on  Fresh  Pond  and  Menot- 
omy  River,  19  Jan.  1784.    He  was  a  Selectman  of  Camb.  five  years,  1791-1795; 
he  was  deeply  interested  in  the  construction  of  the  Concord  Turnpike,  which 
passed  over  his  land,  and  subscribed  largely  for  the  stock  ;  he  erected  a  hotel 
near  the  present  division  line  between  Camb.  and  Belmont,  in  anticipation 
that  the  Turnpike  would  be  a  great  thoroughfare  for  travel.     But  his  invest- 
ments proved  unprofitable,  and  he  lost  a  large  portion  of  his  property  in  the 
operation.     I  find  no  record  here  of  his  family. 

ABIGAIL,  m.  John  Marrett  20  June  1654.  THOMAS  (of  Billerica  25  Mar. 
1695),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Andrew  Stevenson,  5  Jan.  1669.  JOHN,  ra.  Mary 
Peirson  of  Woburn  28  Oct.  1673.  PETER,  m.  Hannah  Bond  13  Ap.  1780, 
and  was  licensed  by  the  General  Court  28  May  1779,  to  keep  a  tavern  in 
Camb.  BENJAMIN,  Jr.,  m.  Mary  Cutter  16  Feb.  1783.  ABIGAIL,  perhaps 
dau.  of  Abiel  (1),  m.  Isaac  Munroe  30  May  1784. 

RIDKR,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  William,  b.  29  July  1675. 

ROBBINS,  NICHOLAS  (otherwise  written  Robbines,  Robins,  and  Robines), 
owned  a  house  and  lot,  which  he  sold  about  1638  to  John  Fessenden. 

2.  RICHARD,  and  w.  Rebecca  united  with  the  Church  at  Chs.  24  May  1640, 
but  soon  removed  here.  Their  children  were  John,  bap.  at  Chs.  31  May 
1640;  Samuel,  b.  here  22  May  1643;  Nathaniel,  bap.  here;  Rebecca,  bap. here, 
in.  John  Woodward  before  1674.  Rebecca  the  mother  d.  and  RICHARD  m. 
Elizabeth,  wid.  of  Gilbert  Crackbone,  26  Mar.  1673.  He  seems  to  have  re- 
sided on  the  south  side  of  the  river  until  about  the  period  of  his  second  mar- 
41 


642  ROBBINS. 

riage;  after  which  he  res.  in  the  body  of  the  town,  perhaps  on  the  Crackbone 
place.  He  executed  deeds  14  Mar.  1678-9,  to  his  son  Samuel,  of  thirty-six 
acres,  and  to  his  son  Nathaniel,  of  thirty-four  acres;  and  another  deed  7 
June  1681  to  his  dau.  Rebecca,  and  her  husband  John  Woodward,  of  thirty 
acres,  apparently  all  on  the  south  side  of  the  river. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Richard  (2),  was  probably  the  same  who  was  killed  8   July 
1680,  in  what  is  now  Lex.     Judge  Sewall,  under  that  date,  writes  thus  :  "  In 
the  afternoon  a  whirlwind   ariseth   (at  first   in  a  small  body),  near   Samuel 
Stone's,  passeth  on  to  Mat.  Bridge's  (taking  part  of  Stone's  barn  with  it),  kills 
John  Robbins,  who  was  at  hoe,  breaking  his  arm  and  jawbone.     It  hurled 
stones,  and  brake  off  and  transported  trees  in  an  unusual  manner."     The  jury 
of  inquest  on  the  same  day  rendered  their  verdict  concerning  the  death  of 
John  Robbins,  whose  body  was  found  on  the  ground  "  within   the  bounds  of 
Cambridge,  about  seven  miles  towards  Concord."  ....  "We  find  him  very 
much  bruised,  and  his  jawbone  broken  and  one  of  his  arms,  and  several  other 
wounds  about  his  head;  which  we  judge  to  be  by  a  most  tempestuous  storm 
or  whirlwind,  that  after  a  most  formidable  manner  blew  up  trees  round  about 
him,  and  removed  great  stones  from  under  the  fence  that  was  just  by  him, 
with  other  most  dreadful  and  amazing  effects  which  many  were  eye-witnesses 
unto."     I  have  found  no  record  of  his  family. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Richard  (2),  by  w.  Ebenezer  (so  twice  in  the  Record) 
had  Elizabeth,  b.  15  Jan.  1676,  m.  Joseph  Allen  of  Wat.  19  Dec.  1700;  Rich- 
ard, b.  6  Dec.  1679.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  one  of  the  Hog-reeves  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river  in  1684. 

5.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Richard  (2),  m.  Mary  Braside  4  Aug.  1669,  and  had 
Rebecca,  b.  6  Jan.    1671-2,  m.  Joseph  Cheney;  Mary,  b.  31  May   1673,  d.  30 
Nov.  1676;  Deborah,  b.  6  June  1674,  m.  Thomas  Squire,  and  (2d)  William 
Brown;  Nathaniel,  b.  28  Feb.  1677-8;  John,  b.  21  Nov.  1680;  Thomas,  b.  6 
Nov.  1683,  d.  31  Jan.  1700-1;  Samuel,  b.  30  May  1686;  Joseph,  b.  8  Nov. 
1689.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  one  of  the  Hog-reeves  on  the  south  side  of 
the  river  in  1679,  and  d.  1719;  his  w.  Mary  survived. 

6.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (5),    m.  Hannah  ;  she  d.  15   Sept. 

1718,   a.   43,   and  he  m.  Mary,  wid.   of  Thomas  Prentice.     His   chil.  were 
Thomas,  b.  about  1696,  d.  young;  Nathaniel,  bap.  19  June  1698;  Mary,  bap. 
27  July  1701,  m.  Joseph  Russell  9  Oct.  1724;   Thomas,  b.  11  Aug.  1703;  Han- 
nah, bap.  9  Sept.  1705,  m.  Zebadiah  Johnson;  Rebecca,  bap.  7  Sept.  1707, 
m.  Luxford  Patten  11  May  1727  ;  Philemon,  bap.  25  Sept.  1709,  H.  C.  1729, 
minister  at  Branford,  Conn.,  was  f.  of  Rev.  Chandler  Robbins  of  Plymouth, 
and  Rev.  Ammi  Ruhamah  Robbins  of  Norfolk,  Conn.,  d.  1781;  Deborah,  bap. 
30  Mar.  1712,  living  unm.  1737;  Sarah, ,  m.  William  Butterfield.     NA- 
THANIEL the  f.  d.  26  Jan.  1761-2,  and  his  w.  Mary  m.  Samuel  Lyon  of  Rox- 
bury  24  Nov.  1742  ;  she  d.  2  Mar.  1760,  a.  83  years. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (5),   m.   Abigail  Adams  4  Ap.   1705,  and  had 
John,  b.  1   Feb.  1705-6;  Daniel,  b.  25  Nov.  1707,  pub.  Hannah  Trowbridge, 
Newton,  23   Oct.   1731;  Mary,  b.  20  May  1711;  Roger,  bap.  26  Sept.  1714, 
resided  in  Lancaster;  Eliphalet,  bap.  26  Jan.  1717-18;  Solomon,  bap.  25  Sept. 

1720;  Abigail,  b.  24  Feb.  1723-4,  m. Parker.     JOHN  the  f.  prob.  lived 

on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  d.  10  June  1751;  his  2d  w.  Hepzibah  d. 
about  1762. 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (5),  by  w.  Rebecca  had  Rebecca,  bap.  21  Nov. 
1708;  SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  at  Sudbury  about  1748,  naming  in  his  will,  1743,  w. 
Rebecca  and  children,  Rebecca   More;  Elizabeth  Griffin;  Hepzibah   Brown; 
Mary  Stone ;  Samuel ;  Thankful ;  Lois. 

9.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (5),  m.  Jane  Dickson  3  Aug.   1709,  and  had 
Joseph,  b.  14  Mar.  1709-10;    William,  b.  2  Jan.  1711-12;  Edward,  b.  9  Jan. 
1713-14  ;  Jonathan,  b.  9  Dec.  1715;  Jane,  b.  9  May  1718  ;  David,  bap.  10  July 
1720,  d.  young;  David,  b.  4  Sept.  1722.     These  chil.,  except  the  first  David, 
were  living  in  1731.     JOSEPH  the  f.  prob.  res.  at  Menot.,  and  d.  about  1724; 
his  w.  Jane  was  administratrix  27  Ap.  1724,  and  d.  about  1771. 

10.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (6),  m.  Ruth ,  who  d.  27  June  1737, 


BOBBINS.  643 

a.  34,  and  ho  m.  Xena  Jackson  24  Oct.  1737.     His  chil.  were  Thomas,  bap.  23 
Feb.  1723-4;  Nathaniel,  bap.  17  Ap.  1726,  grad.  H.  C.  1747,  was  ordained  at 
Milton  13   Feb.  1751,  was  father  of  Lieut -governor  Edward  H.  Robbins,  and 
d.  19  May  1795;  Mary,  bap.  16  June  1728;  Stephen,   bap.  28  June  1730; 
Susanna,  bap.  9  Dec.  1733;  Esther,  bap.  16  Jan.  1736-7;  John,  bap.  6  Aug. 

1738,  prob.  the  same  who  was  of  Lex.,  and  m.  Sarah  Prentice  14  May  1761; 
Philemon,  bap.  19  Aug.  1739;  Ruth,  bap.  7  June  1741;  Ebenezer,  bap.  4  July 
1742,  m.  Sarah  Estabrook  8  June  1775  ;  Ezra,  bap.  12  Aug.  1744;  and  others 
after  his  removal  to  Lex.     THOMAS  the  f.  prob.  res.  near  the  line  between 
Camb.  and  Chs.  (as  the  towns  then  existed),  being  called  of  Chs.  at  the  time 
of  his  second  marriage.     He  rem.  to  Lex.  about  1744,  and  d.  30  Jan.  1791. 

11.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (6),  had   Thomas,  bap.  8  Mar.  1718-19, 
pub.  Anna  Stearns  26  Feb.  1740;  Martha,  bap.  24  Sept.  1721.     NATHANIEL 
the  f.  d.  prob.  1721,  and  administration  was  granted  9  Nov.  1721. 

12.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (7),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  John,  bap.  4  Jan.  1729-30; 
Joshua,  bap.  27  May  1733;  Hepzibah,  bap.  27  Oct.  1734.     JOHN  the  f.  prob. 
resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river. 

13.  ELIPHALET,  s.  of  John  (7),  by  w.  Jemima,  had  Eliphalet,  b. ,  pub. 

Martha  Durant  of  Newton  15  Mar.  1777  ;  Moses,  b.  6  July  1742;  Nathaniel, 

b.  3  Sept.  1745;  Jemima,  b.  30  Mar.  1747,  m.  Israel  Whitney  10  Dec.  1765; 
Mary,  b.  2  May  1760,  m.  Joseph  Draper  of  Dedham   2  June  1779;  and  per- 
haps others.     ELIPHALET  the  f.  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  was  a 
Captain,  and  an  influential  citizen;  he  was  Selectman   1775  and  1776,  and  a 
member  of  the  Committees  of  Correspondence  and  Inspection,  in  which  great 
authority  was  vested  in  the  early  days  of  the  Revolution.     He  d.  1795,  and 
was  survived  by  his  2d  w.  (Mrs.  Sarah  Whitney  of  Dedham),  to  whom  he  was 
pub.  10  Dec.  1776. 

14.  SOLOMON,  s.  of  John  (7),  m.  Martha  Sweetser  9  Oct.  1746,  and  had 
Phineas,  b.  28  Ap.  1747  ;  Abigail,  bap.  3  Ap.  1748;  David,  b.  1749,  d.  13  Jan. 
1753,  a.  3  years  9  months. 

15.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (9),  m.  Deborah  Robbins  30  Mar.  1732,  and  had 
Sarah,  bap.  10  Dec.  1732,  m.  George  Cutter,  Jr.,  of  Chs.  21    Oct.  1756;  Joseph, 
bap.  29  Sept.  1734  ;  Hannah,  b.  1737,  d.  3  Aug.  1764,  a.  27,  "who,"  says  Rev. 
Mr.  Cooke  in   his  diary,  "from  about  15  months,  continued  the  same  in  stature 
and  understanding  to  the  day  of  her  death,  and  had  the  actions  of  a  child  of 
that  age;  about  her  tenth  year  she  grew  something  thicker;  "  a  daughter,  b. 

1739,  d.   14   Aug.  1740,  a.  16   months;   Isaac,  bap.  14  Mar.   1741-2,  pub.  to 
Elizabeth  Robbins  of  Marblehead  20  Nov.  1763,  and  to  Elizabeth  Stone  of 
Chs.  1  July  1769  ;  Isaiah,  bap.  1   Ap.  1744,  pub.  to  Susanna  Reed  of  Chs.  1 
Mar.  1766,  and  d.  15  May  1770.     JOSEPH  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.  and  d.  between 
25  May  and  9  Oct.  1758  ;  his  w.  Deborah  d.  23  Feb.  1771,  a.  59. 

16.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Joseph  (9),  m.  Ruth  Butterfield  13  July  1733;  she  d. 

,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Hartwell  17  Oct.  1764.     His  chil.  were  William,  bap. 

17  Nov.  1734,  d.  young;  Ruth,  b.  26  Aug.  1738,m.  Zechariah  Hill  9  May  1771; 
William,  b.  20  Aug.  1740,  m.  Hannah  Paine  5  Mar.  1767;  David,  b.  27  Jan. 
1742-3  ;  Jonathan,  b.  9  Ap.  1746;  Mary,  bap.  26  June  1748,  prob.  d.  young. 
WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  at  Menotomy,  where  he  d.  3  Sept.  1773  ;  his  w.  Hannah 
survived. 

17.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  m.  Elizabeth  Moore  1  May  1746,  and  had 
Thomas,  bap.  10  Dec.  1749  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  27  Oct.  1751,  m.  Abraham  Hill,  Jr., 
9  May  1782;  Ruth,  bap.  26    Sept.  1756;  Sarah,  bap.  17  Jan.  1762,  prob.  d. 
unm.  28  Ap.  1802,  a.  40  (39  on  gravestone);  Rebecca,  bap.  11  Nov.  1764; 
Nathaniel  and  Philemon,  twins,  bnp.  31  May  1767. 

18.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Thomas  (10),  styled  of  Lex.  1754  and  of  Camb.  1769, 
had  four  children  bap.  at  Menot.;  Sarah,  24  Nor.  1754 ;  Rebecca,  4  May  1755; 
John,  30  July  1769  ;  Nathan,  16  June  1771.     There  were  prob.  other  children 
not  found  on  record. 

19.  THOMAS,  prob.  s.  of  Nathaniel  (11),  res.  at  Menot.,  m.  Anne  Stearns 
(pub.  26  Feb.  1740),  and  had  Thomas,  bap.  27  Sept.  1741 ;  Nathaniel,^  bap.  25 
Sept.  1743;  James,  bap.  27  Oct.  1745;  at  the  last  date  the  father  is  styled 
"  now  of  Woburn." 


644  ROBBINS  —  ROBINSON. 

20.  MOSES,  s.  of  Eliphalet  (13),  m.  Sarah  Dana  31   Oct.  1765,  and  had 
Moses,  b.  18  Aug.  1766;  Daniel,  b.  21   May  1768;  Mary,  b.  15  May  1770. 
MOSES  the  f.  res.  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  and  was   Selectman  ten  years 
between  1779  and  1792. 

21.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  William  (16),  m.  Elizabeth  Miles  of  Chs.  (pub.  7  May 
1774),  and  had  Jonathan  Miles,  bap.  9  July  1775,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  bap.  15 
Nov.  1778,  m.  Washington  Cutter  of  Chs.  16  Mar.  1800  ;  Jonathan  Miles,  bap. 
28  July  1782.     JONATHAN  the  f.  res.  at  Menot..  and  d.  2  Oct.  1799,  a.  53; 
his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  30  May  1790,  a.  36. 

22.  THOMAS,  prob.  s.  of  Thomas  (19),  m.  Sarah  Gould  29  Oct.  1761,  and 
had  Nathaniel,  bap.  16  May  1762. 

23.  NATHANIEL,  prob.  s.  of  Thomas  (19),  in.  Mary  Coolidge  of  Wat.  (pub. 
6  Mar.  1768),  and  had  Nathaniel,  bap.  5  Mar.  1769. 

24.  JOSIAH,   parentage   not    ascertained,  m.    Sarah   Fillebrown    29   Jan. 
1729-30,  and  had  Josiah,  bap.  20  Dec.  1730;   Nathan,  bap.   8  Aug.    1736; 
Anna,  bap.  1  Ap.  1739;  Rebecca,  bap.  11  Ap.  1742.     JOSIAH  the  f.  and  his 
w.  Sarah  were  original  members  of  the  Church  gathered  at  Menot.  1 739,  and 
were  dismissed  to  Townsend  5  Oct.  1744. 

25.  JAMES,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Lydia  Capen  30  Mar.  1780,  and 
was  Selectman  1789.     No  record  of  family. 

HANNAH,  m.  Daniel  Russell  3  Aug.  1749.  SILAS,  m.  Mary  Stratton  7 
May  1772.  SUSANNA,  m.  Jonathan  Barrett  24  Aug.  1783.  SARAH,  m. 
Charles  Cutter  9  Nov.  1784.  SILAS,  m.  Rebecca  Hammond  of  Newton  20 
May  1792.  LUCY,  m.  Elijah  White  2  Oct.  1796.  LUCY,  m.  Stephen  Bacon 
23  Nov.  1797.  AMELIA,  m.  Ebenezer  Brown  21  Ap.  1799.  SAUAH,  m.  John 
Williams  of  Roxbury  7  May  1804.  The  last  five  were  m.  on  the  south  side  of 
the  river.  THOMAS,  d.  at  Menot.  25  Sept.  1778.  JOHN,  d.  11  Oct.  1797. 
LUCY,  d.  unm.  at  Menot.  July  1799,  a.  35. 

ROBINSON,  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth;  Hannah,  b.  (at 
Concord)  13  July  1671,  d.  here  (called  Ann)  5  Oct.  1672;  William,  b.  10  July 
1673;  Mercy,  b.  7  Aug.  1676;  David,  b.  23  May  1678,  "  lame  and  helpless  " 
in  1695;  Samuel,  b.  20  Ap.  1680;  Jonathan,  b.  20  Ap.  1682.  WILLIAM  the  f. 
is  styled  sometimes  of  Camb.  and  sometimes  of  Wat. ;  he  executed  a  will  22 
Mar.  1693,  which  was  presented  for  probate  26  June  1693,  but  disallowed  on 
account  of  its  informality;  at  which  date  all  the  children  except  Hannah 
were  living. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (1),  resided  in  Newton;  his  will  dated  25  Dec. 
1742,  proved  11  Mar.  1754,  names  w.  Elizabeth,  and  chil.  Elizabeth  Upham ; 
Hannah  Biglow ;  Thankful;    William;  Jeremiah;  Josiah;  Ichabod ;  John. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  William  (1),  m.  Sarah  Manning  23  Mar.  1703-4;  she  d. 
19  July  1709,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Capt.  Samuel  Brigham  of  Marl- 
borough,  16  Oct.  1711.     His  chil.  were  Sarah,  bap.  22  July  1705,  d.  young; 
Samuel,  b.  '4  Ap.  1707;   Dorothy,  b.  19  Ap.   1709;    Persis,  b.   7  Sept.  1712; 
Edmund,  b.  7  June  1714,  d.  25  Nov.  1716;  Sarah,  b.  3  Oct.  1717.     SAMUEL 
the  f.  in  1707  bought  a  house  and  three  quarters  of  an  acre  at  the  S.  W.  cor- 
ner of  Brattle  Square  and  Brattle  Street,  where  he  kept  a  tavern,  nearly,  if 
not  exactly,  on  the  spot  occupied  by  the  Brattle  Mansion-house  until  13  June 
1721,  when  he  sold  his  estate,  and  about  that  time  removed  to  Westborough, 
where  he  d. ;  administration  was  granted  to  his  w.  Elizabeth  24  Ap.  1724,  and 
her  brother  Jedediah  Brigham  was  appointed  guardian  to  the  only  surviving 
son,  Samuel,  then  in  his  nineteenth  year,  25  Feb.  1725. 

4.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  William  (1),  by  w.  Ruth,  had  Jonathan,  b.  21    Feb. 

1706-7;  Ruth,  b.  29  Jan.  1708-9;  Abigail,  b.  4  Feb.  1710-11,  in. Bacon; 

James,  b.  30  Aug.  1715;  Lydia,  b.  29  Aug.  1718,  m.  Caleb  Simons  ;  Hannah, 
bl  8  Jan.  1720-21.     JONATHAN  the  f.  was  a  weaver,  and  resided  at  Lex.     His 
will,  dated  2  Feb.  1748,  was  proved  18  Feb.  1754 ;  his  w.  Ruth  survived. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of   Samuel  (3),  m.  Mercy  Leonard  of  Southborough  May 
1732,  resided  a  short  time  in  Graf  ton,  and  removed  to  Hard  wick  in  1735  or 
1736.     His  chil.,  all  recorded  in  Hardwick,  were  Elizabeth,  b.  24  Dec.  1733; 
Leonard,  b.  16  July  1736,  m.  Rebecca  Billings  of  Hardwick  31  Aug.  1758,  d. 


ROBINSON  —  ROLFE.  645 

at  Swanton,  Vt.,  29  Sept.  1827  (his  son  Samuel  Leonard  settled  in  Hard- 
wick,  d.  18  Jan.  1863,  a.  nearly  96,  and  left  posterity  there)  ;  Samuel,  b.  9 
Aug.  1738,  was  an  Adjutant  in  the  French  War,  at  the  age  of  about  20,  m. 
Esther  Safford  of  Bennington,  Vt.,  was  a  Captain  in  the  Bennington  Battle, 
afterwards  Colonel  of  Militia,  actively  engaged  in  the  American  Revolution, 
and  d.  3  May  1813;  Moses,  b.  15  Mar.  1741,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Capt.  Stephen 
Fay,  settled  in  Bennington,  was  the  first  Colonel  of  Militia  in  Vermont, 
"and  with  his  regiment  was  often  in  active  service  during  the  war;  "  he 
was  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  Senator  in  Congress,  and  Governor 
of  the  State;  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.  at  Y.  C.  1789,  and 
at  D.  C.  1790;  he  d.  19  May  1813;  Paul,  b.  17  Dec.  1743,  d.  1754;  Silas, 
b.  17  Mar.  1745-6,  m.  Susanna  Weeks,  d.  at  St.  Albans,  Vt.,  at  an  advanced 
age;  Mercy,  b.  8  Oct.  1748,  m.  Col.  Joseph  Safford  of  Bennington,  and  d.  7 
May  1814;  Sarah,  b.  13  Nov.  1751,  m.  Benjamin,  son  of  Capt.  Stephen  Fay, 
and  (2d)  Gen.  Heman  Swift  of  Cornwall,  Conn. ;  David,  b.  4  Nov,  1 754,  set- 
tled in  Bennington,  in.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Capt.  Stephen  Fay,  and  (2d)  Eunice, 
dau.  of  Doct.  John  Dickinson  of  Middletown,  Conn.,  and  (3d)  Nancy,  wid.  of 
George  Church  of  Hartford,  Conn. ;  he  was  in  the  Bennington  Battle,  and 
afterwards  Major-general  of  Militia  ;  he  was  also  United  States  Marshal  for 
the  District  of  Vermont  eight  years,  and  Sheriff  of  Bennington  County  twenty- 
two  years  ;  he  d.  Nov.  1843 ;  Jonathan,  b.  24  Aug.  1756,  settled  in  Benning- 
ton, m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Fassett,  was  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  Senator  in  Congress  ;  he  received  the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.  at  D.  C. 
1790,  and  d.  3  Nov.  1819  ;  Anne,  b.  4  Oct.  1759,  m.  Isaac  Webster,  and  d. 
in  the  84th  year  of  her  age.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  Deacon  of  the  Church  in 
Hard  wick,  and  Captain  in  the  French  War.  In  1761  he  removed  with  his 
family  to  Bennington,  and  was  one  of  the  most  prominent  inhabitants.  He 
was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  active  in  resistance  against  the  encroachments 
by  New  York ;  he  went  to  England  as  an  agent  for  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants  in  1766,  and  d.  at  London  1767,  of  small-pox.  His  w.  Mercy  d.  5 
June  1792,  a.  82. 

6.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  -(4),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.   20 
June  1732;  Jonathan,  b.  29  Sept.  1733;  Jacob,  b.  3  Feb.  1738-9.     JONATHAN 
the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  before  1748. 

7.  JAMES,  s.  of  Jonathan  (4),  by  w.  Margaret,  had  Asa,  b.  17  Jan.  1759  ; 
James,  b.  26  Nov.  1760,  m.  Judith  Reed  of  Woburn  25  May  1787 ;  Rhoda,  b. 
10  May  1763  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  14  Feb.  1765;  Persis,  b.  25  Jan.  1767;  Jonas,  b. 
18  May  1770;  Lydia,  b.  2  Jan.  1773,  all  at  Lex. 

8.  JACOB,  s.  of  Jonathan  (6),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Jacob,  b.  28  Oct.  1762; 
Elizabeth,  b.  6  Mar.  1766  ;  Jesse,  b.  14  July  1767  ;  Jonathan,  b.  20  June  1769; 
Betsey,  b.  26  Feb.  1772;  Anna,  b.  28  June  1774  ;  Nathan,  b.  1  Dec.  1775,  d. 
22  Ap.  1776.     JACOB  the  f.  resided  at  Lex.,  and  d.  18  June  1776,  a.  38;  his 
w.  Elizabeth  d.  24  Sept.  1830,  a.  89. 

9.  JACOB,  s.  of  Jacob  (8),  m.  Hannah  Simonds  26   Aug.   1790,  and  had 
Jacob,  b.  24  Ap.  1791 ;  Charles,  b.  5  May  1793,  d.  24  Sept,  1801 ;  Hannah,  b. 
25  Ap.   1795,  m.  Charles  Tufts,  founder  of  Tufts  College;  John,  b.  30  Ap. 
1797,  d.  26  Sept.  1801 ;  George,  b.  2  Dec.  1799,  d.  22  Sept.  1801;  Charles,  b. 
5  May  1802;  John,  b.  19  Aug.  1804;  Harriet,  b.  5  Nov.  1806;  Mary  Ann,  b. 
2  Feb.  1812;  all  at  Lex. 

10.  JESSE,  s.  of  Jacob  (8),  m.  Rebecca  Tidd  of  Acton  21  Nov.  1793,  and 
had  at  Lex.,  Rebecca,  b.  14  Feb.  1795 ;  Jesse,  b.  4  June  1797  ;  and  perhaps 
others. 

ROLFE,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Rolph),  prob.  s.  of  John  Rolfe  who  d.  at 
Newbury  8  Feb.  1664,  m.  Mary  Scullard  at  Newbury  4  Dec.  1656,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  2  Nov.  and  d.  10  Dec.  1658;  Mary,  b.  16  Jan.  1660;  Rebecca,  b.  9 
Feb.  1662,  m.  William  Cutter  of  Cambridge  about  1680  ;  John,  b.  about  1665, 
sold  part  of  his  father's  estate  to  his  brother-in-law  William  Cutter  4  June 
1685,  and  d.  before  26  Sept.  1705  ;  Samuel,  b.  about  1667,  sold  his  share  of  the 

heritage  12  July    1688;  Joseph,  b. ,  a  millwright;  Benjamin,  b.   1    Ap. 

1674,  a  yeoman;  Henry,  b.  26  Sept.  1678,  a  ship  carpenter;  Moses,  b.  14  Oct. 


646  ROLFE  —  RUSSELL. 

1681.  The  first  three  births  are  recorded  at  Newbury  (see  Coffin's  Hist. 
Newb.),  the  last  three  at  Camb.,  and  the  intermediate  three  are  gathered 
from  deeds.  All  the  sons  removed  to  Woodbridge,  N.  J.,  except  John,  and  it 
is  not  known  that  he  left  posterity.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  millwright.  In  1670 
he  purchased  a  mill  and  lands  at  Menot.  and  600  acres  of  wild  lands  in  the 
northeasterly  part  of  what  is  now  Lex.,  formerly  the  estate  of  Col.  George 
Cooke.  He  was  taken  suddenly  sick  at  the  house  of  his  brother  Benjamin  at 
Newbury,  executed  a  nuncupative  will  30  Sept.  1681,  and  died  before  the 
next  morning.  His  w.  Mary  survived,  and  was  here  2  Oct.  1683. 

ROSCOE,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Reskie,  Ruscoe,  and  Ruskew),  m. 
widow  Hester  Muzzy  1635,  and  sold  some  of  her  land  24  Mar.  1635-6.  He 
was  "  appointed  to  make  a  pound,"  23  Ap.  1636,  but  soon  afterwards  rem.  to 
Hartford,  where  Hinman  says  he  was  a  Juror  in  1644. 

ROSE,  JOHN,  d.  12  Dec.  1640.     RICHARD  m.  Huldah  Russell  5  Oct.  1722. 

Ross,  THOMAS,  m.  Seeth  (often  written  Seth),  dau.  of  William  Hoi- 
man,  16  Jan.  1661-2,  and  had  here  Thomas,  b.  19  Dec.  1662,  d.  young;  Mar- 

yaret,  b.  22  Jan.  1663-4,  m. Levistone;  Thomas,  b.  20  June  1668;  and 

in  Billerica,  Sarah,  b.  21  June  1671  ;  Hannah,  b.  31  Mar.  1679,  m. Pat- 
ten; John,  b.  18  Jan.  1686-7.  THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  Scotchman,  and  was  a 
servant  to  Edward  Winship  9  June  1656,  when  he  had  "  liberty  to  mow  the 
grass  in  the  swamp  anent  the  north  end  of  Spy  Pond."  He  rem.  to  Billerica 
about  1670,  and  d.  20  Mar.  1694-5,  a.  64;  his  w.  Seeth  was  slain  by  the 
Indians  in  one  of  their  attacks  on  that  settlement  5  Aug.  1695,  a.  55. 

ANN,  m.  Thomas  Bumford  25  Feb.  1779. 

RUGG,  THOMAS,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  William  Munroe,  and  had  Thomas, 
b.  6  Dec.  1690,  d.  10  Ap.  1709;  William,  b.  16  Nov.  1693;  Elizabeth,  b.  20 
Jan.  1695;  Hannah,  b.  16  Ap.  1697;  Abigail,  b.  15  Mar.  1699;  Sarah,  b.  12 
Feb.  1701-2;  Mary,  b.  30  May  1703;  Ruth,  b.  25  Sept.  1706;  Tabitha,  b.  10 
Sept.  1708,  d.  —  Ap.  1713;  Milllcent,  b.  11  Nov.  1710,  d.  19  Nov.  1712; 
Martha,  b.  10  Nov.  1713.  THOMAS  the  f.  resided  at  the  Farms. 

RUSSELL,  JOHN,  was  here  as  early  as  5  Oct.  1635,  and  resided  at  the  N. 
W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  in  a  house  purchased  of 
Daniel  Abbott.  He  was  Surveyor  of  Arms  1638,  Selectman  1642  and  1643, 
Constable  in  1648,  Clerk  of  the  Writs  1645,  and  an  active  citizen.  He  was 
father  of  John,  who  grad.  H.  C.  1645,  and  was  Minister  at  Weathersfield  and 
Hadley,  the  trusty  protector  of  the  Regicide  Judges. 

2.  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Martha,  had  Joseph,}),  in  England  about  1636  (55  years 
old  in  1691,  Depo.),  and  after  his  arrival  here,  Benjamin;  John,  b.  11  Sept. 
1645;  Martha;  Philip,  b.  about  1650;   William,  b.  28  Ap.  1655;  Jason,  b.  14 
Nov.  1658;  Joyce,  b.  31  Mar.  1660,  m.  Edmund  Rice  of  Sudbury  before  1681. 
It  is  not  known  that  this  family  was  connected  with  that  of  John  (1),  or  that 
of  Richard  of  Chs.     WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  appears  to  have 
res.  in  Menot.     He  d.  14   Feb.  1661  ;  his  w.  Martha  m.  Humphrey  Bradshaw 
24  Mar.  1665,  and  after  his  death,  m.  Thomas  Hall  24  May  1683;  she  d.  about 
1694. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Mary  Belcher,  dau.  of  Jeremiah  Belcher, 
Ipswich,  23  June  1662,  and  had  Mary,  bap.  8  Jan.  1664,  prob.  d.  young;  Mar- 
tha, b.  1  Feb.  1666,  d.  unm.  26  June  1691 ;  Abigail,  b.  12  May  1668,  m.  Matthew 
Bridge;  Prudence,  b.  30  May  1670,  m.  Nathaniel  Hancock;  Joseph,  b.  15  July 
1673,  prob.  d.  young;    Walter,  b.  30   Ap.  1676;  Mariah,  b.  28  Nov.  1678,  m. 
Thomas  Prentice  28  Dec.  1696,  (2d)  Nathaniel  Robbins,  (3d)  Samuel  Lyon  of 
Roxbury  24   Nov.  1742,  and  d.  in  her  third  widowhood   2  Mar.  1760,'"  in  the 
84th  year  of  her  age  "  according  to  her  epitaph,  but  in  the  82d,  according  to 
the  Record;  Jeremiah,  b.  21  Jan.  1680-81 ;  John,  b.  13  July  1683;  Samuel,  b. 
9  Aug.  1685.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  between 
14  Nov.  and  17  Dec.  1694;  his  w.  Mary  d.  24  June  1691. 

4.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  William  (2),  by  w.  Rebecca,  had  Kebecca,  b. ,  d. 

2  Feb.  1673 ;  Jason,  b.  10  May  1674;  Benjamin,  b.  2  and  d.  19  Ap.  1676;  Joyce, 
b.  14  May  1677;  Sarah,  b.  4  July  1679. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  David  Fiske,  and  had 


RUSSELL.  647 

Martha,  b.  1  Aug.  and  d.  7  Nov.  1675;  David;  Jonathan;  William;  Abigail, 

b.  18  Ap.  1686;  Patience,  b. ,  d.  27  May  1688;  Esther,  b.  19  Dec.  1700; 

and  perhaps  others.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  res.  at  the  Farms, 
where  he  and  his  w.  Elizabeth  were  living  13  Dec.  1731. 

6.  PHILIP,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Joanna,  dau.  of  James  Cutler,  19  June 
1680;  she  d.  26  Nov.  1703,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Brooks  of  Medford  18  Oct.  1705. 
His  chil.  were   James,  b.  about   1681;  Joanna,  b.   30   Dec.  1683,   m.  William 
Munroe;   William,  b.  23  July  1686;  Philip,  b.  18   Sept.  1688;  Samuel,  b.  12 

Jan.  1690-91;  Jemima,  b. ,  in.  William  Locke  ;  Thomas,  bap.  3  July  1698; 

Abigail,  b.  11  Sept.  1700,  m.  David  Sprague  of  Chs.;  Susanna,  b.  18  Oct.  1706. 
PHILIP  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  appears  to  have  res.  at  Menot.,  and  after- 
wards at  the  Farms.   He  was  Selectman  1700  and  1701,  and  d.  7  Feb.  1730-31, 
a.  80. 

7.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Edward  Winship,  18 
Mar.  1682-3,  and  had  William,  b.  5  Ap.  1687;  Abigail,  b.  31   Dec.  1688,  d. 
unm.  20  June  1710;  Edward,  b.  Feb.  1695,  d.  21  Jan.  1695-6;  Edward,  bap. 
10  Oct.  1697;  and  probably  others.    WILLIAM  the  f.  was  engaged  in  the  Nar- 
raganset  War,  Selectman  nine  years  between  1697  and  1714,  res.  at  Menot., 
and  d.  17  May  1744,  a.  89;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  31  July  1727,  a.  71. 

8.  JASON,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  James  Hobart  (or  Hubbard), 
27  Mar.  1684,  and  had  Hubbard,  b.  20  May  1687;  Martha,  b.  2  May  1691,  m. 
Henry  Dunster  25  Feb.  1707-8,  and  (2d)  Francis  Locke  15  Mar.  1759,  and 
d.  27  June  1771.     JASON  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  was  Selectman  four  years 
between  1707  and  1711,  and  d.  about  1736  (administration  granted  2  April 
1736);  his  w.  Mary  d.  14  May  1738. 

9.  WALTER,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Patten,  17  May 

1699;  she  d. ,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth  Winship  3  Ap.  1706.     His  chil.  were 

Joseph,  b.  25   Aug.   1703;  Mary,  b.  8   Feb.  1706-7,  m.  John   Dickson  4  Aug. 
1725;  Walter,\>.  7  Ap.  1709,  d.  unm.  11  Feb.  1763;  Martha,  b.  27  Jan.  1711-12 
(prob.  27  Dec.  1711,  as  she  was  bap.  6  Jan.  1711-12),  pub.  John   Wilson  2 
July  1737,  d.  26  Nov.  1797;  Jeremiah,  b.  11   Feb.  1713-14  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  4 
Mar.  1715-16,  pub.  Matthew  Cox  30  Mar.  1739;  Edward,  bap.  10  Aug.  1718, 
d.  young;  Edward,  bap.  15  Oct.  1721;  Samuel,  bap.  9  Feb.  1723-4;  Daniel, 
bap.  5  May  1728  ;  Hobart  (or  Hubbard),  bap.  22  Aug.  1731.     WALTER  the  f. 
res.  at  Menot.,  and  d.  30  Mar.  1748  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  14  Ap.  1750,  a.  64. 

10.  JOHN,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Rebecca,  prob.  dau.  of  Thomas  Blodgett, 
and  had  Rebecca,  b.  24  June  1711;  Adonijah,  b.  25  Feb.  1712-13  ;  Abigail,  b. 
15  Feb.  1715-16;  John,  b.  16  Ap.  1719;  Solomon,  b.  5  Aug.  1723  ;  Joseph,  b. 
23  Aug.  1729.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  res.  at  Lex.,  where  he  d. 
14  June  1746. 

11.  DAVID,  &.  of  John  (5),  by  w.  Abigail,  had  David ;  John,  b.  1  Dec.  1702; 
Abigail,  b.  27  Aug.   1704,  m.  Isaac  Preston  of  Littleton;  Hannah,  b.  2  June 
1708,   m.  Edward    Farwell  of   Littleton;  Amos;  Jason;    Sarah,  m.  William 
Sanderson  of  Harvard;  Elizabeth;  Esther.     DAVID  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and 
res.  at  the  Farms  until  1715,  when  he  removed  to  Concord,  and  from  thence 
about  1720  to  Littleton,  where  he  was  Deacon;  he  d.  not  long  before  29  Oct. 
1  744,  when  his  estate  was  divided  among  his  children,  who  then  resided,  — 
David  and  John,  at  Lunenburg,  Abigail,  Hannah,  Amos,  Elizabeth,  and  Esther, 
at  Littleton,  and  Jason  and  Sarah,  at  Harvard. 

12.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (5),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  15  July 
1702 ;  Mary,  b.  1  Jan.  1704-5;  Jonathan,  b.  5  Ap.  1707;  Jane,  b.  19  July  1711, 
m.  Benjamin  Lawrence  12  Feb.  1734-5;  Ruth,  b.  24  Ap.  1714;  Eliezer,  b.  5 
May  1717,  m.  Tabitha  Prentice  10  Jan.  1738-9;  Samuel,  b    3  Feb.  1722-3; 
Hester,  b.  22  May  1725.     JONATHAN  the  f.  res.  at  Lexington. 

13.  JAMES,  s.  of  Philip  (6),  m.  Mary  Howe  10  Jan.  1705-6,  and  had  Mary, 
b.  24  July  1706,  m.  Benjamin  Bailey  of  Stow;  Joanna,  b.  3  Dec.  1707,  prob. 
d.  young;  James,  b.  14   Aug.  1709;  Josiah,  b.  28  Mar.  1711;  Samuel,  b.  27 
Oct.   1712;   Jemima,  b.   8    Sept.   1714,   m.  John    Carruth    of   Westborough; 

Sarah,  b.  8  Feb.  1716,  m. Creasey  of  Groton;  Abigail,  b.  29  Ap.  1718, 

m.  Dr.  Ebeuezer  Perry  of  Groton;  Lucy,  b.  15  Ap.  1720.     JAMKS  the  f.  res. 


648  RUSSELL. 

at  Lex.,  where  he  prob.  d.  between  6  July  1747,  when  he  and  his  w.  Mary 
executed  a  deed  to  his  son  Josiah,  and  17  May  1749,  when  the  other  children 
confirmed  the  title  to  the  estate.  They  then  resided  —  James  (a  cordwainer), 
at  Camb.,  Samuel  (a  cordwainer),  at  Sudbury,  Mary,  at  Stow,  Josiah,  at  Lex., 
Sarah  and  Abigail,  at  Groton,  and  Jemima,  at  Westborough. 

14.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Philip  (6),  by  w.  Elizabeth  had  Nathaniel,  b.  23  Feb. 
1706-7;  Lrjdia,  b.  19  May  1711;  Submit,  bap.  28  Dec.  1712;  Joel,  b.  2  Aug. 
1716.     WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  had  a  deed  of  the  homestead 
1722  (subject  to  the  life  estate  of  his  father),  which  be  conveyed  to  his  son 
Nathaniel,  and  d.  25  Nov.  1731. 

15.  PHILIP,  s.  of  Philip  (6),  by  w.  Sarah,  had   Sarah,  b.  22  May   1718; 
Millicent,  b.  29  Dec.  1720;  Mary,  b.  13  May  1722,  d.  12  Aug.  1736;  Phebe, 
b.  14  Ap.  1725,  d.  29  July  1736;  Philip,  b.  5  Ap.  1727;  Joseph,  b.  19  June 
1729;  Joanna,  b.  21  Nov.  1731.     PHILIP  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  3  Mar. 
1773;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  17  Dec.  1767. 

16.  EDWARD,  s.  of  William  (7),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Anna ;  Abigail,  m.  Israel 
Blackington  of  Wrentham   1 3   Ap.  1 755  ;  Ruth ;  these  three  were  bap.  to- 
gether 26  Nov.  1727;   William,  bap.  29  Oct.  1732.   EDWARD  the  f.  d.  20  Mar. 
1749-50,  a.  53.     Ruth  of  Boston,  and    William  of  Camb.  quitclaimed  their 
right  in  their  father's  estate  to  their  sister  Abigail,  1  Jan.  and  15  Feb.  1754. 

17.  HUBBARD  (or  Hobart),  s.  of  Jason  (8),  m.  Elizabeth  Dickson  9  May 
1710,  and  had  Jason,  bap.  25  Mar.  1711,  d.  young;  Mary,  b.  7  Dec.  1712,  m. 
David  Dunster;  Margery  (or  Margaret),  b.  30  Ap.  1715,  m.  Joseph  Belknap; 
Jason,  b.  25  Jan.  1716-17;  Hobart,  bap.  24  Ap.  1726,  d.  young.     HUBBARD 
the  f.  res.  at  Menot  and  d.  4  June  1726,  a.  39;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m. Hoi- 
den,  before  1737  (prob.  Joseph  Holden  of  Wat.  11  June  1729). 

18.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Walter  (9),  m.  Mary  liobbins  9   Oct.    1724,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  9  Mar.  1726-7;  Lucy,  bap.  16  Mar.  1728-9,  d.  young;  Lucy,  bap. 

17  Jan.  1730-31  ;  Patten,  bap.  28  Jan.  1732-3  ;  Joseph,  bap.  9  Mar.  1734-5; 
Walter,  b.  about  1737;  Mary,  bap.  22  Ap.  1739,  d.  young;  Philemon,  b.  1  Aug. 
1740;  Mary,  b.  20  May  1743,  d.  unm.  16   Oct.  1762.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a 
farmer  and  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  the  main  road  in  Menot.,  on  the  first 
estate  westerly  from  the  river,  or  Alewife  Brook,  until  the   spring  of  1 730, 
when  he  exchanged  estates  with  Capt.  Samuel  Whittemore,  and  removed  into 
the  westerly  border  of  Chs.  (now  Somerville)  on  the  road  leading  to  Winter 
Hill.    He  d.  13  Nov.  1776,  a.  73,  and  was  buried  at  West  Cambridge,  as  were 
most  of  the  Russell  family  of  Menot.,  whether  residing  on  the  Camb.  or  Chs. 
side  of  the  line;  his  w.  Mary  d.  28  Dec.  1781,  a.  80. 

19.  JEREMIAH,  s.  of  Walter  (9),  m. ,  and  had  Seth,  b.  1732,  bap.  3-1 

Mar.  1734;  Edward,  bap.  10  Nov.  1734.     JEREMIAH  the  f.  m.  (2d)  Damaris 
Williams  12  Jan.  1737-8.     A  guardian  was  appointed  for  his  two  sons  3  July 
1744;  his  w.  Damaris  d.  23  July  1778,  a.  70. 

20.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Walter  (9),  m.  Ruth  Cox  21  Feb.  1754,  and  had  Samuel, 
b.  27  Sept.  1754;  Eleanor,  b.  11  May  1757,  m.  John  Dickson  25  June  1781; 
Mary,  bap.  23  Dec.  1759,  prob.  d.  young;  Ruth,  b.  29  Sept.  1762,  d.  unm.  11 
Aug.  1840;  David,  b.  24  June  1765,  m.  Ruth  Locke;  Amos,  b.  —  Aug.  1769, 
m.  Betsey  Pierce  30  Dec.  1793,  and  d.  13  Oct.  1828;  Aathan,b.  25  Sept.  1772. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and  d.  16  July  1802  ;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  12  Nov. 
1797,  a.  68. 

21.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Walter  (9).  m.  Hannah  Robbins  3  Aug.  1 749.  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  21  Dec.  1749,  m.  Joshua  Underwood  25  Aug.  1771  ;    Walter,  b. 
24  July  1751:  Hannah,  b.  2  Ap.  1753;  Hepzibah,  b.  27  Ap.  1755;  Mary,  b. 
7  Ap.  1757;  Daniel,  bap.  7  Ap.  1759,  and  d.  on  the  same  day,  a.  "  one  week  ;" 
Martha,  bap.  12  Ap.  1761;  Daniel,  b.  23   Aug.  1763,  and  d.  5  Jan.  1803; 
Esther,  twin,  b.  23  Aug.  1763;  Margery,}).  2  Feb.  1766;  Margaret,  b.  13  Feb. 
1768.     DANIEL  the  f.  res.  in  Menot. 

22.  HUBBARD  (or  Hobart)  s.  of  Walter  (9),  m.  Lois  Boynton  of  Wat.  (pub. 
24  Mar.  1759),  and  had  Lois,  b.  30  Ap.  1760,  m.  Josiah  Mason,  Jr.,  of  Camb. 

18  July  1784,  and  d.  17  Ap.  1847;  Hubbard,  bap.  18  Oct.  1661,  res.  at  Wat., 
and  had  John,  Hubbard,  Jeremiah,  Isaac,  and  George  W.;   Walter,  bap.  10 


RUSSELL.  649 

July  1763;  Isaac,  bap.  8  June  1766,  d.  unm.  21  May  1819;  Mary,  bap.  1  May 

1768,  m. Bartlett;    Sarah,  bap.   25  Feb.  1770,   m.   Thaddeus  Hastings, 

and  (2d) Ballard,  or  Bullard;  Lucy,  bap.  19  Jan.  1772;  Susanna,  bap. 

31  Aug.  1777;  Betsey,  bap.  12  Dec.  1779.  HUBBARD  the  f.  was  drowned  in 
crossing  from  Boston  to  East  Cambridge  22  May  1782;  his  w.  Lois  d.  about 
1791 ;  at  which  last  date  all  the  children,  except  Susanna,  were  living. 

23.  JAMES,  s.  of  James  (13),  removed  from  Lex.  to  Menot.,  and  had  Mar- 
tha and  Sarah,  twins,  b.  8  July  1747.     He  was  a  cordwainer,  and  was  here  in 
1749. 

24.  PHILIP,  s.  of  Philip  (15),  m.  Lydia  Eaton  of  Reading  24  Ap.  1750; 
she  d.  5  Oct.  1751,  and  he  m.  Lydia  Dodge  22  June  1758.     His  chil.  were 
Amos,  b.  5  Dec.  1750;  Lydia,  b.  9  Nov.  1758,  d.  25  May  1777;  Nathan,  b.  1 
Mar.  1760;  Sarah,  b.  24  Mar.  1761,  m.  Jonas  Locke;   Thomas,  b.  10  Ap. 
1762,  d.  15  Nov.  1763;  Phebe,  b.  24  May  1764,  m.  Joseph  Merriam;   Thomas, 
b.  18  Feb.  1766,  d.  14  May   1766;  Jonas,  b.   29   Ap.  1767;  Lucy,  b.  7  Nov. 
1768,  m.  Joseph  Harrington;  a  child,  b.   16  March   1771,  d.  27  May   1771. 
PHILIP  the  f.   res.  in  Lex.,  and  d.  19  Jan.  1816,  a.  89  ;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  28 
Feb.  1772. 

25.  WILLIAM,  perhaps  s.  of  Edward  (16),  by  w.  Mary  had  William,  b.  24 
Mar.  1772.   Katherine,  b.  4  Mar.  1784. 

26.  JASON,  s.  of  Hubbard  (17),  m.  Elizabeth  Winship  28  Jan.   1739-40, 
and  had  Jason,  b.  7   Mar.  1741-2;  Elizabeth,  b.    27  Dec.    1743,  d.   29  Mar. 
1751;  John,  b.  4  Aug.  1746;  Hubbard,  b.  25  Mar.  1749,  m.  Sarah  Warren  of 
Weston  (pub.  31  Mar.  1774);   Thomas,  b.   22  July  1751;  Noah,  b.   15  July 
1753,  d.  13  Oct.  1754;  Elizabeth,  b.  3  July  1756,  m.  Jotham  Webber  12  Mar. 
1778;  Mary,  bap.   17  May  1761,  d.    11    Ap.   1762;  Noah;  b.  8  Mar.   1763. 
JASON  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  on  the  southerly  side  of  the  Main  Street,  a  few 
rods  west  of  the  Church,  where  he  was  killed  by  the  British  on  their  retreat 
from  Lex.  19  Ap.  1775,  a.  58,  and  was  buried  in  the  ancient  burial  ground. 
With  praiseworthy   liberality  and  patriotism  the  citizens  of  Arlington  have 
erected  a  handsome  granite  monument,  to  mark  the  resting-place  of  this  early 
martyr  of  American  Liberty  and  bis  slaughtered  companions.     His  w.  Eliza- 
beth d.  11  Aug.  1786,  a.  65. 

27.  PATTEN,   s.  of  Joseph  (18),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Dickson,  25  July 

1749;  she  d.  14  Feb.  1781,  and  he  m.  Mercy .     His  children  were  Lucy, 

b.  12  Mar.  1749-50,  d.  26  Oct.  1752;  Mary,  b.  12  Oct.  1752;  Lucy,  b.  6  Mar. 
1755;  Joseph,  bap.  24   Sept.  1758;  Naomi,  bap.   25   Feb.  1761,  m.  Abraham 
Cook  5  July  1781;   Chandler,  b.  19  June   1764;  Patten,   bap.  —  Jan.  1767; 
John   Dickson,  b.    31  Dec.  1768,  d.   21    Oct.    1769;  Rhoda,  b.  5  Ap.  1771. 
PATTEN  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  probably  on  the  Chs.   side,  and  d.   19  Jan. 
1802  ;  his  w.  Mercy  d.  12  Feb.  1813,  a.  82. 

28.  WALTER,  s.  of  Joseph  (18),   m.  Mary  Wyman  of  Woburn   14  Dec. 
1758;  she  d.  1  Dec.  1759,  a.  23  (according  to  Rev.  Mr.  Cooke's  record,  but 
the  gravestone  is  inscribed  1760),  and  he  m.  Hannah  Adams  17  Dec.  1761. 
His  chil.  were  a  son,  b.   18  and  d.   21  Oct.  1759;  James,  b.  30  Ap.  1763; 
Walter,  b.  3  May  1765,  m.  Frances,  dau.  of  Ammi  Cutter,  26  June  1783;  per- 
haps f.  of  Walter,  who  d.  at  Boston  in  Jan.  1835,  a.  37,  and  was  buried  at 
Arlington;   Thomas,  b.  9  June  1767,  m.  Margaret  Adams  25  NOV.  1788;  a 
son.  b.  and  d.  8  Oct.  1769  ;  Hannah,  b.  8  Feb.  1772,  m.  Isaac  Hill  about  1788, 
and  was  mother  of  Gov.  Isaac  Hill  of  New  Hampshire ;  Nathaniel,  b.  1 5  Ap. 
1774;  John,  b.  29  Aug.  1776;  Joseph,  b.  15  Mar.   1779;  a  dau.  b.  and  d.  17 
Feb.  1782.     WALTER  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  on  the   Chs.  side,  and  d.  5  Mar. 
1782;  his  wid.  Hannah  m.  Enos  Jones  of  Ashburnham  26  Dec.  1790,  and  d. 
17  Oct.  1836,  a.  93. 

29.  PHILEMON,  s.  of  Joseph  (18),  m.  Elizabeth  Wyman  of  Woburn,  and 
had  Philemon  Rollins,  b.  18  Oct.    1769;  Elizabeth,  b.  1771,  d.  22  Ap.   1778; 
David,  b.  about  1773;  Jesse,  b.  11  June  1775;  Susanna,  b.  10  Oct.  1779,  m. 
Gardner  Colby  of  Boston  2  June  1803;    Ward,  b.  12  Sept.  1781.     PHILEMON 
the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  on  the  Chs.  side,  and  d.  2  June  (or,  as  inscribed  on  the 
gravestone  at  Arlington,  31  May)   1797;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  22   Oct.  1825, 
a.  86. 


650  RUSSELL. 

30.  SETH,  s.  of  Jeremiah  (19),  m.  Dinah  Harrington  of  Worcester  (pub. 
11   Ap.  1755),  and  had  Jeremiah,  b.  5  Dec.  1755;  Phebe,  b.  28  July  1760,  m. 
Dr.  Silas  Barnard,  and  (2d)  James  Fillebrown  24  May  1798,  and  d.  28  Nov. 
1851;  Seth,  b.  18  July  1762;  Edward,  b.  6  Oct.  1764;  Anne  Harrington,  b.  17 
Mar.   1767,  m.  James  Cutter  11    Aug.  1785;   Josiah  Harrington,   b.   5   Dec. 
1769.     SETH  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  British  Troops 
19  Ap.  1775,  and  exchanged   6  June  1775.     His  w.  Dinah  d.  15  May  1802, 

a.  73. 

31.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Jeremiah  (19),  grad.  H.  C.  1759,  studied  for  the  min- 
istry, but  subsequently  became  a  physician.     He   m.  Hannah  Clark    at   An- 
dover  23  July  1767,  and  had  six  children,  the  youngest  of  whom,  Edward, 

b.  21  Aug.  1782,  H.  C.  1803,  d.  29  Nov.  1835,  was  grandfather  of  Dr.  Edward 
Russell  Cogswell  of  Camb.,  b.  at  South  Berwick,  Me.,  1  June  1841,  H.  C. 
1864,  M.  I).  1867.     EDWARD  the  f.  "  settled  in  North  Yarmouth,  Me.,  where 
he  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace    and   Quorum;  commissioned   1781   Colonel  of 
2d  Regiment  of  Militia  of  Cumberland  County ;  led  an  active  and  useful  life, 
and  d.  19  Ap.  1785.     His  w.  d.  28  Sept.  1832,  a.  89."     See  Gen.  Reg.,  xxvii., 
p.  290. 

32.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Philip  (24),  by  w.  Sybil,  had  Philip,  b.  6  Aug.  1796; 
Nathan,  b.  4  July  1798,  a  shoe  dealer  here,  d.  14  Mar.  1874  ;   Thomas,  b.  2 
Feb.  1800,  a  furniture  dealer  here,  d.  1857;  Bowen,  b.  24  Mar.  1802;  Mary 
and    Stephen,  twins,  b.   21   Feb.   1804 ;  Lydia  and  Sally,  twins,  b.  30   Sept. 
1806  (Sally  m.  Thomas  Joyce  White  of  Camb.  16  Oct.  1834)  ;  Betsey,  b.   2 
May  1808.     NATHAN  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  9  Jan.  1848,  a.  88 ;  his  w. 
Sybil  d.  28  Jan.  1853,  a.  88. 

33.  JASOX,  s.  of  Jason  (26),  m.  Elizabeth  Locke  28  Oct.  1762,  and  had 
Jason,  b.  2  June  1763;  Jonathan,  b.  8  Feb.  1785;  Josiah,  b.  13  Jan.  1767; 
and  at  Mason,  N.  H.,  Elizabeth,  b.  2  July  1769;   Samuel,  b.  4  Ap.  1772; 
Benjamin,  b.  2  Aug.  1775;  Thomas,  b.  2  Oct.  1777,  d.  8  Feb.  1785;    William, 
b.  6    Oct.   1779;  David,  b.  6  May  1782;   Thomas.     JASON  the    f.  rem.  to 
Mason  about  1768,  and  d.  19  Feb.  1825;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  24  May  1789. 

34.  JOHX,  s.  of  Jason   (26),   m.   Ruhamah   Frost  31   Aug.  1769,  and  had 
John,  b.  5  Feb.  1770  ;  Ephraim,  b.  23  June  1772. 

35.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Jason  (26),  in.  Anne  Whittemore  8  Mar.  1774,  and  had 
Anna,  b.  19  Ap.,  d.  13  Oct.  1775;  Thomas,  b.  23  Nov.  1776,  m.  Eliza  War- 
ren of  Chs.  21  Dec.  1802;  Aaron,  b.  30  May  1779,  d.  17  Nov.  1848  ;  Anna, 
bap.  4  Feb.  1781,  m.  John  Holbrook  31  Aug.  1800;  Mary,  b.  25  Sept.  1783. 
THOMAS  the  f.  d.  7  June  1809  ;  his  w.  Anna  d.  17  Jan.  1819,  a.  64. 

36.  NOAH,  s.  of  Jason  (26),  m.  Eunice  Bemis  at  Wat.  12  Sept.  1782,  and 
had  Eunice,  bap.  9  Mar.  1783;  Elizabeth,  bap.  7  Sept.  1788;  Josiah,  bap.  17 
Ap.  1791;  Abigail,  bap.  6  Sept.  1795.     NOAH  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and  d.  27 
Oct.  1824. 

37.  JAMKS,  s.  of  Walter  (28),  m.  Rebecca  Adams  6  Mar.  1783,  and  had 
Walter,  b.  9  Aug.  1783;  Rebecca,  bap.  28  June  1789,  m.  Amos  Whittemore 

22  Ap.  1804;  James,  b.  14  Jan.  1788,  H.  C.  1811,  a  lawyer  and  active  poli- 
tician in  Arlington,  m.  Harriet  Tufts,  and  d.  s.  p.  9  Dec.  1863;  she  d.  2  Ap. 
1866;  William  Adams,  b.  14  May  1790,  m.  Kezia  Teel  16  June  1811.     JAMES 
the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d.  13  Feb.  1846. 

38.  NAfHANiEL,  s.  of  Walter  (28),  m.  Mary  Adams  8  Mar.  1795,  and  had 
Ablel  and  Nathaniel,  both  bap.  7  Dec.  1800;  Mary  Adams,  b.  2  June  1799,  d. 

23  May  1800  ;  and  perhaps  others.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  1844. 

39.  PHILEMON  R.,  s.  of  Philemon  (29),  m.  Martha  Tufts  10  Nov.   1791; 
she  d.  26  May  1821,  a.  51,  and  he  m.  a  second  wife  who  survived  him.     He 
res.  at  Menot.,  Chs.  side,  and  d.  It  July  1842.     His  children  were  Daniel,  b. 
about  1793,  long  an  officer  of  the  State's  Prison,  d.  at  Ipswich  11  Dec.  1849, 
a.  56;  Philemon  Robbins,  b.  1794,  m.  Mary  Wilkins  1832,  res.  several  years 
in  Camb.,  and  d.  in  Somerville  6  June  1863;  Martha,  b.  10  Jan.  1802,  m. 
Samuel  Stedman  1823,  and  d.  28  Nov.  1874;  and  probably  others. 

40.  EDWAKD.  s.  of  Seth  (30),  m.    Lydia    Adams  9  May  1786,  and  had 
Jeremiah,  bap.  28  Sept.  1788,  and  d.  29  Jan.  1827;  Lydii,  bap.  15  Feb.  1789, 


RUSSELL  — SAUNDERS.  651 

d.  29  Aug.  1790;  Lydia,  bap.  6  Mar.  1791;  Sophia,  bap.  —  Sept.  1793;  Ed- 
ward, bap,  8  Nov.  1795;  Leonora,  bap.  11  Mar.  1798;  Mary  Ann,  b.  about 
1800.  EDWARD  the  f.  d.  3  Nov.  1808. 

41.  JOSIAH  H.,  s.  of  Seth  (30),  m.  Sarah  Hutchinson  of  Chs.  5  Ap.  1795. 
and  had  Sarah  Hutchinson,  bap.  7  Feb.  1796;  Mary  Wright,  bap.  1  Ap.  1798; 
Samuel  Phillips,  b.  20  Ap.  1800,  d.  21  Nov.  1821;  Emily,  bap.  30  May  1802; 
Elmira,  bap.  24  Mar.  1805;  Josiah  Harrington',  Rebecca,  bap.  30  Sept.  1810; 
Olive,  bap.  24  May  1812,  d.  25  Sept.  1815  ;  Hannah,  bap.  17  Aug.  1814.  JO- 
SIAH H.  thef.  d.  15  Mar.  1815;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  25  May  1843,  a.  68. 

PHEBE,  d.  8  July  1642.  THOMAS,  d.  21  July  1653.  RACHEL,  d.  15  Aug. 
1778,  a.  29. 

SACKKTT,  SIMOX  (otherwise  written  Saket),  was  one  of  the  first  company. 
His  name  appears  on  the  Records  before  Aug.  1633,  and  for  the  last  time  20 
Aug.  1635.  He  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  between  Hoi- 
yoke  and  Dunster  streets.  Administration  on  his  estate  was  granted  by  the 
General  Court  3  Nov.  1635  to  his  wid.  "  Isabell  Sackett."  She  is  named 
on  the  Records  8  Feb.  1635-6,  after  which  the  name  disappears.  The  estate 
passed  into  the  hands  of  Robert  Stedman  before  1642.  Simon  Sackett  of 
Springfield,  about  1654,  and  John  Sackett  of  Northampton,  in  16GO,  were  sons 
of  Simon  and  Isabel  of  Cambridge. 

SALTONSTALL,  SIR  RICHARD,  was  one  of  the  Assistants,  when  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Colony  was  removed  to  Massachusetts  in  1630.  He  had  lands  in 
Wat.,  and  res.  there  a  short  time.  Although  he  returned  to  England  in  1631, 
he  seems  still  to  have  been  regarded  as  an  Assistant,  and  provision  was  made 
for  him  when  Camb.  was  selected  as  a  suitable  place  for  a  fortified  town  and 
the  residence  of  the  Governor  and  Assistants.  What  is  now  called  Winthrop 
Square  was  granted  to  him  for  a  house  lot;  but,  as  he  did  not  return,  it  was 
devoted  for  a  Market  Place,  and  has  always  remained  public  property. 

SAUNDKRS,  DANIEL  (otherwise  written  Sanders),  d.  27  Feb.  1639-40.  No 
trace  of  family. 

2.  ROBERT,  in  1639  and  1642  res.  on  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Mount  Auburn 
and  Dunster  streets.     No  trace  of  family. 

3.  JONATHAN,  m.  Abiah  Bartlett  24  Oct.  1669,  and  had  Abiah  and  Jona- 
than, twins,  b.  25  Oct.  1673;   Thomas,  b.  10  Mar.  1674-5;  John,  b.  25  Mar. 
1677;  Benjamin,  b.  28  May  1679;   Samuel,  b.  28  May  1681;   Edward,  b.  3 
Mar.  1683-4;   Hannah,  b.    31  May  1689.     JONATHAN  the  f.  deposed  1696 
(then  aged  49)  that  he  lived  with  Justinian  Holden  when  he  was  17  years 
old. 

4.  MARTIN,  aged  40,  came  to  New  England  in  1635  with  w.  Rachel,  and 
settled  at  Braintree.     His  w.  d.  15  Sept.  1651,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  widow 
of  Roger  Bancroft  of  Camb.,  and  d.  4  Aug.  1658.    He  was  the  ancestor  of  the 
Camb.  family  bearing  that  name,  as  appears  by  the  Saunders  Family  Record 
and  Genealogy,  of  which  what  follows  is  an  abstract. 

5.  JOHN,  8.  of  Martin  (4),  d.  in  Braintree  1688. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Hannah  Pennim.an  15  Dec.  1692. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (6),  bap.  20  Mar.  1712,  m.  Mary  Spear  3  June  1735, 
and  had  six  children  of  whom  the  fifth  was  William,  b.  in  Quincy  1747. 

8.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  John  (7),  "  res.  in  Cambridge  from  1770  to  1775,  when 
he  returned  to  his  native  town,  and  m.  20  Nov.  1782  Ann,  the  eldest  dau.  of 
Dr.  Elisha  Savil,  H.  C.  1743,"  by  whom  he  had  William,  b.  14  May  1787, 
and  four  daughters.     WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  27  Oct.  1830;  his  w.  Ann  d.  2  Ap. 
1826. 

9.  WILLIAM,   s.  of  William  (8),  removed  to  Camb.   in   1801,   m.  Sarah 
Flagg  8  June  1815,  and  had  William  Augustus,  b.  9  June  1818,  merchant, 
member  of  Common  Council,  and  Alderman,  m.  Mary  W.  Prentiss  22  Dec. 
1841  ;   Charles  Hicks,  b.  10  Nov.  1821,  merchant,  member  of  Common  Coun- 
cil, Alderman,  and  Mayor,  m.  Mary  B.  Ball  18  Sept.  1849;  George  Savil,  b.  2 
Oct.  1823,  merchant,  member  of  Common  Council  and  President  of  that  Board, 
m.  Lucy  C.  Willard  11  Feb.  1847:  Francis  Edward,  b.  14  Aug.  1826,  mer- 
chant, m.  Eliza  A.  Whittemore  30  Ap.   1856;  Sarah  Ann,  b.  8  Mar.  1828; 


652  S AUNDERS  —  SHAW. 

Horace,  b.  6  Dec.  1830,  dealer  in  real  estate.  WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  carpen- 
ter, a  member  of  the  first  Common  Council,  and  Alderman.  He  resided  on 
Garden  Street,  near  Appian  Way,  and  d.  29  Ap.  1861 ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  6 
Nov.  1871,  aged  nearly  b2. 

SAWTELL,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Sawtle,  and  Satle),  a  grandson  of 
Thomas  Post,  as  appears  by  Mr.  Post's  will  1691,  had  grants  of  land  here  in 
1689.  He  prob.  had  w.  Anna,  but  no  children;  he  resided  at  the  N.  W. 
corner  of  Holyoke  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  where  the  church  now  stands. 
Obadiah  Satle  of  Groton,  Enoch  Satle  and  Bethia  Satle,  both  of  Wat.,  and 
John  Hews  of  Camb.  Farms  with  his  w.  Ruth,  quitclaimed  to  Josiah  Parker, 
21  Oct.  1700,  all  their  interest  in  the  real  estate  of  their  brother  John  Satle 
late  of  Camb. ,  deceased  ;  the  same  estate  was  quitclaimed  by  Parker  26  Ap. 
1709  to  "Anna  Satle,"  and  sold  by  "Anna  Sawtell,  widow,"  to  John 
Knight,  4  June  1711. 

SAXTON,  MOSES,  d.  here  24  Oct.  1690.  MARY,  m.  Samuel  Goffe  9  Nov. 
1682. 

SCOTT,  THOMAS,  was  here  in  1634,  and  in  1635  owned  a  house  and  five 
acres  on  the  northerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  near  Mason  Street.  He  removed 
to  Hartford  about  1636,  and  was  accidentally  killed  by  John  Ewe  6  Nov. 
1643.  He  had  son  Thomas  and  two  daughters,  who  with  their  mother  were 
mentioned  in  his  nuncupative  will. 

2.  BENJAMIN,  by  w.  Margaret,  had  Joseph,  b.  14  May  1644  ;  Benjamin,  b. 
5  July  1646 ;  John,  b.  2  July  1648  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  27  May  and  d.  3  June  1650. 
BENJAMIN  the  f.  was  of  Braintree  in  1640,  where  he  had  son  John.     He  re- 
moved to  Rowley,  and  d.  in  1671. 

3.  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Thomas,  b.  31  July  1710 ;  Samuel,  b.  22  Sept. 
1712;  Sarah,  b.  9  Jan.  1714-15;  Esther,  b.  20  Feb.  1716-17.     A  Sarah  Scott 
m.  William  Smith  27  Oct.  1757. 

4.  JOHN,  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Abraham,  b.  27  .Tune  1732. 

5.  EDWARD,  established  himself  in  Cambridgeport,  soon  after  West  Bos- 
ton Bridge  was  erected.     At  the  sale  of  the  Jarvis  estate,  in  1801,  he  pur- 
chased several  lots,  among  which  was  the  estate  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Main 
and  Norfolk   streets  (now  owned   by  Samuel  James  and  Daniel  A.  Buckley), 
where  he  traded  in  connection  with  the  late  John  Trowbridge,  under  the  name 
of   Scott  &  Trowbridge.     He  subsequently  purchased  of   B.  &  J.  L.  Austin, 
the  adjoining  estate,  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Austin  and  Norfolk  streets,  and 
the  opposite  lot,  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  the  same  streets.      He  d.  13  Dec. 
1808,  and  his   surviving  partner  continued  the  business  under  the  name  of 
Trowbridge  &  Biscoe,  having  formed  a  connection  with  Thomas  Biscoe. 

SCRIPTURE  (or  Scripter),  SAMUEL,  m.  Elizabeth  Knapp  11  Sept.  1674. 
MARY,  m.  John  Prentice  23  Ap.  1772. 

SEAGER,  HENRY,  m.  Sarah  Bishop  21  Jan.  1673,  and  had  Job,  b.  1  Feb. 
1674,  d.  1739;  Sarah,  b.  2  Mar.  1676;  Ebenezer,  b.  2  May  1679,  killed  by  the 
Indians  at  Groton,  21  July  1706;  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Aug.  1682;  Henry,  b.  25 
Sept.  1686;  Mary,  b.  21  Jan.  1689;  Job,  b.  1691;  Mercy;  Thankful,  b.  24  Ap. 
1695.  HENRY  the  f.  lived  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  in  what  is  now 
Newton. 

SEWALL,  JOHN,  brother  to  Judge  Samuel  Sewall,  m.  Hannah  Fessenden  28 
Oct.  1674. 

2.  STEPHEN,  another  brother  to  the  Judge,  m.  Margaret,  only  surviving  dau. 
of  Rev.  Jonathan  Mitchell,  13  June  1682.     He  res.  in  Salem,  and  had  many 
children.  / 

3.  STEPHEN,  a  descendant  from  John  (1),  H.  C.  1761,  Hebrew  Professor 
1765-1785.     He  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  the  first  Professor  Wiggles  worth,  9  Aug. 
1763,  and  had  an  only  son  Stephen,  b.  30  Deo.  1767,  and  d.  26  Dec.  1768. 
STEPHEN  the  f.  d.  23  July  1804,  a.  71. 

4.  HULL,  of  Brookline,  a  descendant  from  Judge  Samuel   Sewall,  H.  C. 
1761,  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Thomas  Sparhawk,  Esq.,  20  Mar.   1766;  he  d.  in 
1767,  and  his  w.  Abigail  m.  Palsgrave  Wellington  —  Dec.  1772. 

SHAW,  ROGER,  about  1638  bought  a  house  and  land  on  the  southerly  side 


SHAW  —  SHEPARD.  653 

of  Arrow  Street.     By  w.  Anne,  he  had  Esther,  b. —  June  1638;  Mary,  b. , 

d.  26  Jan.  1639;  Mary,  b.  29  Sept.  1645.  ROGER  the  f.  was  Selectman  1641, 
1642,  1643,  1645.  Farmer  says,  he  "  removed  to  Hampton,  which  he  repre- 
sented in  1651  and  1652.  He  d.  1660,  leaving  sons  Joseph  and  Benjamin,  and 
four  daughters." 

2.  ABRAHAM, appears  on  the  Record  to  have  been  a  Selectman  herein  1640. 
This  may  denote  the  same  person  who  was  of  Dedham,  freeman  1637. 

JOSEPH,  m.  Susanna  Dickson  23  Jan.  1777.  EMZABETH,  of  Nantucket,  a 
descendant  from  Rev.  Samuel  Angier,  m.  Andrew  Craigie  Jan.  1797,  and  d.  7 
May  1844,  a.  69. 

SHEPARD,  REV.  THOMAS,  s.  of  William,  b.  in  Towcester,  Northampton- 
shire, 5  Nov.  1605,  grad.  at  Cambridge,  Eng.,  1623,  came  to  New  England  in 
1635,  and  was  immediately  established  here  in  the  ministry.  A  large  number 
of  his  friends  and  acquaintances  either  preceded  or  accompanied  him,  and 
purchased  the  estates  of  the  first  company,  most  of  whom  were  about  removing 
to  Connecticut  with  Hooker.  Mr.  Shepard  was  thrice  married,  1st  in  England 
to  Margaret  Touteville  1632,  who  d.  early  in  1636;  2d,  to  Joanna,  dau.  of  Rev. 
Thomas  Hooker,  1637,  who  d.  28  Ap.  1646;  3d,  to  Margaret  Boradile,  or 
Boradel,  8  Sept.  1647.  His  children  were  Thomas,  b.  1633,  d.  Oct.  or  Nov. 
1634;  Thomas,  b.  in  London  5  Ap  1635;  a  son,  b.  and  d.  1638;  Samuel,  b.  Oct. 
1641 ;  John,  b.  and  d.  1644;  John,  b.  2  Ap.  1646,  d.  young;  Jeremiah,  b.  11  Aug. 
1648.  Mr.  Shepard  was  one  of  the  most  eminent  clergymen  in  New  England. 
To  his  reputation  for  "  grace  and  knowledge  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,"  is  to 
be  chiefly  attributed  the  location  of  the  College  here.  Such  confidence  was 
reposed  by  the  General  Court  in  his  skill  and  integrity  to  discover  and  guard 
against  danger,  that  they  preferred  to  place  this  institution  of  learning  under 
the  shadow  of  his  wing  rather  than  elsewhere.  His  valuable  life  was  suddenly 
terminated  25  Aug.  1649,  at  the  age  of  43  years;  his  wid.  Margaret  in.  Rev. 
Jonathan  Mitchell  19  Nov.  1650.  The  death  of  Mr.  Shepard  occasioned  a 
general  lamentation  and  gloom  throughout  New  England.  He  resided  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  nearly  opposite  Holyoke  Street.  That  spot 
of  ground  may  justly  be  regarded  with  veneration,  as  the  dwelling  place  of 
many  eminent  and  pious  men.  It  was  successively  occupied  by  Hooker, 
Shepard,  Mitchell,  President  Leverett,  and  the  two  Professors  Wigglesworth, 
father  and  son;  by  the  heirs  of  the  last  named,  it  was  sold  to  the  Corporation 
of  Harvard  College,  and  now  forms  a  portion  of  the  College  Grounds. 

2.  SAMUKL,  half  brother  to  Thomas  (1),  a  son  of  William  by  a  second 
wife,  came  to  New  England  with  his  brother,  and  purchased  the  estate  on 
the  southerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  extending  from  Holyoke  Street  to  Bow 
Street.  His  house  stood  near  the  west  end  of  his  lot,  nearly  opposite  to  his 
brother's  residence.  By  his  w.  Hannah  he  had  Thomas,  b.  5  Nov.  1638,  bur. 
9  Feb.  1649;  Samuel,  b.  —  Feb.  1639-40,  d.  16  Mar.  1644-5;  Hannah,  b.  20 
June  1642;  Jane,  b.  16  May  1645.  SAMUEL  the  f.  was  much  employed  in  the 
public  service.  The  management  of  the  College  stock,  and  the  "  carrying  on 
the  building  begun  by  Mr.  Eaton,  was  committed  to  Mr.  Samuel  Shepard," 
by  the  General  Court,  in  Sept.  1639.  He  was  Selectman  1638,  Representa- 
tive or  Deputy  1639,  1640,  1644,  1645,  Clerk  of  the  Writs  1640,  and  Com- 
missioner for  small  causes  1641.  He  had  a  military  spirit,  and  was  closely 
associated  with  Col.  George  Cooke ;  they  came  together,  served  here  together, 
and  returned  to  England,  to  serve  together  under  Cromwell.  He  was  the 
first  Ensign  of  the  military  company  here,  organized  in  Dec.  1636,  with  Cooke 
for  Captain.  In  Oct.  1645,  he  and  his  friend  Cooke  were  excused  from  their 
duties  as  members  of  the  General  Court,  "  being  to  go  for  England."  In  the 
Civil  War,  which  commenced  in  England  at  about  that  time,  both  were  en- 
gaged for  the  Parliament,  Cooke  as  Colonel,  and  Shepard  as  Major.  Mitchell 
in  his  Church  Record,  commenced  in  1658,  says,  "  Major  Samuel  Shepard 
and  his  wife,  now  living  in  Ireland,  do  yet  stand  in  memberly  relation  to  us." 
He  had  then  probably  been  in  Ireland  several  years;  for,  under  date  of  8 
March  1649-50,  he  wrote  from  London  to  Deac.  Edward  Collins,  appointing 
him  attorney  to  manage  his  affairs  in  New  England,  and  saying,  "  I  am 


654  SHEPARD— SHERBORNE. 

•within  a  tew  days  to  be  in  Ireland,  if  God  will;  but  the  next  letters  will,  I 
hope,  settle  me."  (Mid.  Reg.  Deeds,  ii.  57.)  Administration  was  granted 
to  Edward  Collins  on  the  estate  of  Samuel  Shepard  deceased  15  Sept.  1673. 
Probably  this  was  the  same  person. 

3.  EDWARD,  whether  a  relative  of  the  foregoing  is  not  ascertained,  bought 
a  house  about  1639,  on  the  northerly  side  of  South  Street,  between  Holyoke 

and  Dunster  streets.     His  w.  Violet  d.  9  Jan.   1648,  and  he  m.  Mary , 

who  survived  him.     His  children,  named  in  his  will,  dated  1  Oct.  1674,  and 
proved  20  Aug.   1680,  were  John,   Elizabeth,  Abigail,  deceased  w.   of  Daniel 
Pond;  Deborah,  and  Sarah.     All  the  daughters  appear  to  have  been  married. 
Abigail  and  Deborah  were  at  Dedham,  and   Sarah  at  Braintree,  about  1658. 
EDWARD  the  f.  was  a  mariner,  and  d.  about  1680. 

4.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1653,  was  ordained  at  Chs.  13 
Ap.  1659,  and  d.  of  small-pox  22  Dec.  1*577,  a.   42.     He  well  sustained  the 
reputation  inherited  from  his  father,  fell  a  victim  to  his  own  faithfulness  in 
visiting  his  flock  when  wasting  away  by  infectious   disease,   and  was  deeply 
lamented  by  the  people  of  his  charge,  and  by  the  community.     Mr.  Shepard 
m.  Hannah  (or  Anna),  dau.  of  William  Tyng  3  Nov.  1656,  and  had  Thomas, 
b.  —  July  1658;  Anna,  b.  8  Sept.  1663,  in.   Daniel  Quincy   9  Nov.  1682,  and 
was  mother  of  Hon.  John   Quincy,  for  many  years  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  a  Councillor,  and  ancestor  of  the  late  President  John  Quincy 
Adams;  Margaret.     His  w.  Anna  d.  at  the  house  of  her  granddaughter  Hoi- 
man,  in  Milton,  5  Aug.   1709,  and  was  buried   at   Chs.  in  the  tomb  with  her 
husband  and  son. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  was  prob.  brought  up  by  his  grandfather, 
Rev.  Thomas  Hooker,  at  Hartford;  grad.  H.  C.  1658,  ordained  at  Rowley  15 
Nov.  1665,  and  d.   7  Ap.   1668,   a.  26.     His  son  Samuel,  bap.  25  Aug.  1667, 
grad.  H.  C.  1685. 

6.  JEREMIAH,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1669,  a  candidate  at  Rowley 
1675,  at  Ipswich  1678,  at  Lynn  1679,  at  which  last  place  he  was  ordained,  6 
Oct.  1680,  and  remained  in  the  ministry  about  forty  years,  until  his  death  3 
June  1720,  a.  72.     He  had  the  reputation  of  piety,  but  probably  did  not  equal 
his  father  or  brothers  in  power   or  brilliancy  of  intellect.     By  his  w.  Mary 
(who  d.  28  Mar.  1710,  a.  53),  he  had  Hannah,  b.  1676,  m.  John  Downing  of 
Boston   1698;  Jeremiah,  b.  1677,  d.  1700;  Mehetabel,  d.  1688;  Nathaniel,  b. 
16  June  1681,  settled  in  Boston;  Margaret,  d.  1683;   Thomas,  b.  1  Aug.  1687, 
d.  1709;  Francis,  d.  1692;  John,  m.  Alice  Tucker  1722;  Mehetabel,  m.  Rev. 
James  Allen  of  Brookline.     Lewis's  Lynn. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.  Rebecca  Greenhill  4  Oct.  1649,  and  had 
Rebecca,  b.  about  1650;  John,  b.   22  Jan.  1651-2;  Sarah,  b.    5  Mar.   1655; 
Violet,  b.  about  1658;  Elizabeth,  bap.  29  July  1660;  Edward,  b.  31  July  1662; 
Samuel,  bap.  3  July  1664;  Thomas,  b.  12  Nov.  1666.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a 
cooper,  and  inherited  the  homestead,  to  which  he  made  additions  by  pur- 
chase.    He  sold  his  estate  here  1681,  having  recently  removed  to  Hartford. 
Hinman  says  "  he  became  a  man  of  consequence  in  the  Colony." 

8.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (4),  grad.  H.  C.  1676,  succeeded  his  father  in 
the   ministry  at  Chs.,  where  he  was  ordained  5  May  1680,  and  d.   7  June 
1685,  a.  nearly  27.     Mr.   Shepard  was  distinguished   for   studiousness   and 
faithfulness,  for  activity  and  success  in  his  ministry.     He  m.  widow  Mary 
Lynde  (maiden  name  Anderson),  27  July  1682,  and  had  Anna,  b.  26  Ap. 

1683,  d.  27  July  1684;  Anna,  b.  30  Jan.  1685,  m. Smith.     His  w.  Anna 

m.  for  a  third  husband,  Mr.  Samuel  Hayman  16  June  1686,  and  d.  Aug.  1717, 
on  the  20th  day  of  which  month  she  was  buried  in  the  tomb  which  she  had 
caused  to  be  erected  for  Mr.  Shepard. 

SHERBORNE,  ELIZABETH  (otherwise  written  Sherbone  and  Sherbole) 
about  1639  bought  a  house  and  lot  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Brighton  and 
Winthrop  streets,  where  she  res.  in  1642.  She  was  prob.  the  same  person 
who  sheltered  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard  and  his  family  in  1635,  while  seeking 
concealment  in  London,  previous  to  his  embarkation  for  New  England.  An 
Inventory  of  her  estate  was  presented  by  Edward  Mitchelson  6  Ap.  1652. 


SILL  —  SMITH.  655 

SILL,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Scill,  Syll,  and  Scyll),  about  1638,  bought 
a  house  and  lot  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Eliot  and  Winthrop  streets.  By  his 
w.  Joanna,  he  had  Elizabeth,  b.  about  1637,  m.  Zechariah  Hicks  28  Oct. 
1652,  and  d.  12  Sept.  1730,  a.  93;  Joseph,  b.  about  1639.  JOHN  the  f.  was 
living  in  1645,  but  d.  before  1662,  when  his  w.  Joanna  had  a  grant  of  land, 
and  another  in  1665;  she  d.  before  Oct.  1671,  when  her  will  was  presented 
and  approved.  Mr.  Sill  was  unfortunate  in  his  pecuniary  affairs  soon  after 
his  settlement  here,  and  received  assistance  from  the  Church ;  but  subse- 
quently appears  to  have  been  more  prosperous. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (1),  in.  Jemima,  dau.  of  Andrew  Belcher,  5  Dec. 
1660,  and  had  Andrew,  b.  5  Feb.  1665,  d.  12  June  1666;  Joseph,  bap.  11 
Mar.  1665-6  [this  son  is  prob.  the  same  as  Andrew  before  named];  Jemima, 
b.  21  Sept.  1667;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Sept.  1668,  in.  Samuel  Green,  Jr.,  18  Nov. 
1685;  Andrew;  Thomas;  and  perhaps  others.  JOSEPH  the  f.  was  engaged 
in  Philip's  War,  first  as  Lieutenant  and  afterwards  as  Captain.  He  was  ap- 
pointed as  Captain  2  Nov.  1675,  to  "take  charge  of  the  soldiers  raised  from 
Chs.,  Wat.,  and  Camb.,  which  are  about  60  men,"  and  to  lead  them  forth 
against  the  enemy.  He  had  previously  been  Captain  of  a  company  consisting 
of  100  men,  under  Major  John  Pynchon.  He  was  at  Lancaster,  21  Feb. 
1675-6,  when  the  Court  "ordered,  on  request  of  Captain  Scyll,  that  the  com- 
mittee for  the  war  do  forthwith  send  twenty  pounds  of  tobacco  and  three 
gallons  of  rum,  for  the  supply  of  the  company  that  now  resides  at  Lancaster." 
For  some  insubordination,  or,  as  the  Record  expresses  it,  because  "  of  late  he 
hath  carried  himself  offensively,"  he  was  discharged  from  office  11  Oct.  1676. 
In  Nov.  1685  he  petitioned  the  General  Court  for  a  grant  of  land,  as  a  com- 
pensation for  .his  military  services ;  but  was  unsuccessful  in  his  request. 
Before  this  time,  however,  he  had  removed  to  Lyme,  Conn.,  where  he  was 
residing  7  Nov.  1681 ;  at  which  date  he  executed  a  deed  of  his  estate  in 
Camb.  to  a  feoffee  in  trust  for  his  son  A  ndrew ;  or  if  said  A  ndrew  should  die 
in  his  minority,  then  his  other  son  Thomas  to  inherit  the  estate.  He  d.  6  Aug. 
1696.  His  son  '1  homos,  mariner,  of  Boston,  described  himself  in  a  deed,  dated 
8  Nov.  1699,  as  son  of  Joseph  Sill,  formerly  of  Cambridge,  late  of  Lyme, 
Conn.,  deceased.  The  son  Thomas  was  probably  a  shipmaster,  residing  in 
Boston,  and  the  Capt.  Sill  who  died  in  May  1709. 

ELIJAH,  who  grad.  H.  C.  1748,  and  was  ordained  at  Fairfield,  Conn.,  17 
Oct.  1751,  may  have  been  of  this  family.  Five  others  of  the  name  graduated 
at  the  same  College,  previous  to  1839. 

SIMONDS,  JOSKPH  (otherwise  written  Simons,  Symons,  and  Symonds),  m. 
Mary,  dau.  of  John  Tidd,  7  Mar.  1680-81,  and  had  Rebecca,  b.  11  June  1682; 
Mary,  b.  15  Dec.  1684 ;  Joshua,  b.  23  Jan.  1686-7,  d.  at  Lex.  3  Nov.  1768,  a. 
nearly  82,  and  his  w.  Hannah  d.  11  Nov.  1789,  a.  93;  Joseph,  b.  8  June  1689; 
Daniel,  b.  about  1692,  d.  at  Lex.  3  Ap.  1776,  a.  83;  and  his  w.  d.  2  Ap.  1776, 

a.  81;  Jonathan,  d.  22  Dec.  1748;  Abigail;  Elizabeth,  bap.  13  Nov.  1698. 
SIMPKINS,  NICHOLAS  (otherwise  written  Sympkins),  "late  of  Dorchester" 

bought  house  and  land  in  Camb.  of  John  Knight  20  Nov.  1637.  He  was  at 
some  time  Captain  of  the  Castle;  he  removed  to  Yarmouth  about  1638  (Sav- 
age, Gen.  Diet.),  was  of  Barnstable  1645,  and  of  Scituate  1648.  Plym.  Col. 
Rec.,  xii.  142,  192. 

SKIDMORE,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Skidmer),  by  w.  Ellen,  had  John, 

b.  11  Ap.  1643.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  Brighton  Street, 
north  of  Mount  Auburn  Street.     He  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  living  6 
Dec.  1649. 

SKINNER,  EDWARD,  owned  a  house  and  six  acres  in  the  West  End.  By  his 
will,  dated  25  Dec.  1641,  it  would  seem  that  he  had  no  family;  he  devised  his 
estate,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  trifling  legacies,  one  half  to  Robert  Ibbitt 
of  Cambridge,  Old  England,  and  the  other  half  to  the  Church  in  Cambridge, 
New  England.  His  Inventory  denotes  a  shopkeeper. 

SMITH,  ABRAHAM,  was  fined  sixpence,  for  a  trespass  of  his  heifer  in  the 
planting  field,  4  Nov.  1646. 

2.  HENRY,  m.  Lydia  Buck  3  Mar.  1672-3,  and  had  Lydia,  b.  20  July  1677, 


656  SMITH  —  SPARHAWK. 

m.  Edward  Thwing  8  Aug.  1704;  Henry,  b.  17  Oct.  1679;  Ebenezer,  b.  9  Mar. 
1688-9;  and  perhaps  others.     HENRY  the  f.  d.  21  Aug.  1720,  a.  about  75. 

3.  JOHN,  m.  Sarah  Prentice  8  June  1676,  and  had  Sarah,  b.  31  Mar.  and  d. 
13  Ap.  1677;  John,  b.  2  Mar.  1677-8;  Sarah,  b.  17  Aug.  1681;  Joseph,  b.  9 
Aug.  1687;  and  perhaps  others. 

4.  HENRY,  prob.  s.  of  Henry  (2),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  John,  b.  2  Ap.  1714; 
Sarah,  b.  24  June  1716  ;  Abigail,  bap.  30  Nov.  1718;  and  probably  others. 

5.  JOSEPH,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  23  Ap.   1701,  prob.  m.   Abraham 
White  22  June  1721;   William,  b.  25  June  1703;  Hezekiah,  b.  2  Ap.  1706; 
Ebenezer,  b.  18  Aug.  1708;  Sophia,  b.  20  Oct.  1711. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Sarah,  b.  1  Feb.  1698-9;  Israel, 
b.  23  Jan.  1 701-2  ;  Eunice,  b.  1  Sept.  1 704 ;  by  w.  Sarah,  Zebadiah,  b.  23  Feb. 
1707-8;  Jesse,  b.  10  Dec.  1710;  and  by  w.  Martha,  Ebenezer,  b.  15  Mar.  1712-13; 
Elizabeth,  b.  4  May  1716.     His  last  w.  Martha  survived  him,  and  m.  Joseph 
Parsons  14  June,  1742. 

7.  DANIEL,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  13  Mar.  1708-9;  Daniel,  b.  10  Mar. 
1710-11,  and  several  others  in  Lexington. 

8.  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Sarah,  b.  13  Ap.  1717;  Susanna,  b.  24  Aug. 
1720,  d.  26  Ap.  1721;  Anna,  b.  6  Nov.  1726;  Pelaliah,  b.  8  Jan.  1727-8;  Sam- 
uel, b.  8  Dec.  1729;  Michael,  b.  12  June  1732;  Joseph,  b.  7  July  1734;  Benja- 
min, b.  13  Jan.  1735-6;  Robert,  bap.  31  Dec.  1738,  d.  19  May  1740;   Thomas, 
b.  25  Mar.  1740  ;  Robert,  b.  10  Dec.  1741;  Daniel,  bap.  8  June  and  d.  23  July 
1746.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  in  Menotomy. 

9.  JOHN,  by  w.  Eunice,  had  Mary,  b.  8  Dec.  1744,  m.  Thomas  Hill  18  June 
1765.     There  may  have  been  other  children;  but  this  was  probably  the  young- 
est.    Eunice  the  mother  d.  in  the  almshouse  19  Jan.  1794,  a.  93. 

10.  EBENKZER,  prob.  s.  of  John  (6),  or  of  Joseph  (5),  m.  Ann  Bissell  of 
Boston  (pub.  21  Ap.  1739),  and  had  Joseph,  bap.  13  July  1740;  Parsons,  bap. 
2  Jan.  1 742-3 ;  Tabitha,  bap.  4  Aug.  1 745  ;  Ebenezer,  bap.  7  Aug.  1 748,  d.  young; 
Ebenezer,  bap.  8   Mar.    1752,  d.  4  Jan.  1802  (his  w.  Sarah  d.  1    Aug.  1780,  a. 
19);  John,  bap.  10  Feb.  1754;  William,  bap.  26  Sept.  1756. 

11.  DANIKL,  prob.  s.  of  Daniel  (7),  m.  Grace  Fessenden  10  June  1742,  and 
had  Grace,  bap.  20  Mar.  1742-3;  Daniel,  bap.  30  Dec.  1744;  Lucy,  bap.  8  May 
1748,  and  perhaps  others. 

12.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (10),  had  Joseph,  bap.  21  Feb.  1768,  d.  young; 
Joseph,  b.  3  Sept.  1769;  Elizabeth,  b.  4  Aug.  1771,  m.  Jonas  Wyeth,  Jr.,  8  Ap. 
1792;  Hannah,  b.  24  Jan.  1774. 

13.  PARSONS,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (10),  m.  Waitstill  Jordan  11  May  1769,  and 
had  John,  b.  1  Feb.  1770  ;  Parsons,  b.  8  May  1772;  Samuel,  b.  26  Sept.  1774  ; 
Ebenezer,  b.  26  Jan.  1777,  d.  2  Ap.  1778;  Susanna,  b.  12  Ap.  1780,  m.  Walter 
Cox  11  Dec.  1796.     PARSONS  the  f.  d.  in  the  almshouse  23  July  1816,  a.  73; 
his  w.  Waitstill  d.  in  the  same  place  30  Aug.  1808,  a.  63. 

14.  JAMES,  m.  Hannah  Daniel  16  Mar.  1726-7;  no  record  of  children,  ex- 
cept that  Mary,  daughter  of   "  Hannah  Smith  alias  Hannah  Daniels  "  was 
bap.  30  Aug.  1741. 

15.  DAVID,  m.  Mary  Hagar  2  June  1757,  and  had  David,  bap.  9  Ap.  1758, 
He  bought  a  house  and  lot  at  the  corner  of  Mount  Auburn   Street  and  Win- 
throp  Square  10  Jan.  1758,  which  he  sold  14  Feb.  1760.     He  was  a  carpenter, 
and  described  as  of  Weston  at  the  time  of  his  purchase. 

16.  WILLIAM,  by  w.  Elizabeth,   had  William,  b.  11   Dec.  1755,   d.  in  the 
almshouse  1  May  1802,  a.  46.     WILLIAM  the  f.  may  have  been  the  same  who 
m.  Sarah  Scott  of  Newton  27  Oct.  1767,  and  had  Rebecca,  bap.  9  Oct.  1768. 

ELIZABETH,  m.  Humphrey  Miller  12  Sept.  1677.  MARY,  m.  John  Prentice 
5  Jan.  1704-5.  MARY,  m.  Edmund  Fowle  23  Oct.  1718. 

The  relationship  between  these  families  of  Smith  is  very  obscure,  and  may 
have  been  misapprehended. 

SPARHAWK,  NATHANIEL  (otherwise  written  Sparhawke,  Sparhauk,  Spar- 
hauke,  Sparowhauke,  Sparrowhauke,  Sparrow  Hawke),  was  here  as  early  as 
1636,  and  was  a  Deacon  of  the  Church.  By  his  w.  Mary  (who  d.  25  Jan. 
1643-4),  he  had  Nathaniel,  b.  in  England;  Anne,  m.  Deac.  John  Cooper, 


SPAEHAWK.  657 

and  (2d)  James  Convers,  Sen.,  of  Woburn,  and  was  living  1712;  Mary ;  Esther, 
m.  Samuel  Adams  of  Chelmsford;  Samuel,  b.  27  Oct.  1638,  d.  13  Oct.  1639: 
John,  d.  21  Sept.  1644;  and  by  w.  Katherine,  Ruth,  b.  12  Ap.  and  bur.  9 
May  1645;  Elizabeth,  b.  1646,  d.  unm.  9  Nov.  1692,  a.  about  47.  NATHANIEL 
the  f.  resided  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brighton  Street,  between  Mount  Auburn 
Street  and  Harvard  Square.  He  appears  to  have  owned,  in  1642,  five  houses 
and  about  five  hundred  acres  of  land ;  which  quantity  was  afterwards  increased. 
After  his  death,  about  a  thousand  acres  were  sold  from  his  estate,  leaving  a 
large  quantity  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  (now  Brighton  Dis- 
trict), a  part  of  which  still  remains  in  possession  of  his  descendants.  He  was 
"  permitted  to  draw  wine  and  strong  water  for  Cambridge  "  1639.  He  d.  28 
June  1647,  a.  prob.  about  50;  his  w.  Katherine  d.  5  July  1647;  and  Mary 
Pierce  d.  in  his  family,  and  was  bur.  12  July  1647. 

2.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (1),  m.  Patience,  dau.  of  Rev.  Samuel  New- 
man of  Rehoboth,  3  Oct.  1649,  and  had  Nathaniel,  b.  3  Nov.  1650,  d.  12  Feb. 
1650-51  ;  Mary,  b.  about   1652,  m.  William  Barrett  8   Oct.    1673;  Sybil,  b. 
about  1655,  m.   Dr.   Jonathan  Avery  of  Dedham   22  July   1679,   and  subse- 
quently m.    Rev.  Michael  Wigglesworth  of  Maiden,  was  mother  of  the  first 
Professor  Wigglesworth,  and  d.  6  Aug.  1708,  a.  53;  Esther,  bap.  5  May  1661; 
Samuel,  bap.  5  Feb.  1664;  Nathaniel,  bap.  3  Nov.  1667;  John,  b.  about  1672. 
NATHANIEL  the  f.  resided  in  the  Brighton  District  (the  residence  of  most  of 
his  descendants  who  remained  within  the  ancient  limits  of  Cambridge),  was 
Selectman  seven  years   between  1677  and  1686,  a  Deacon  of  the  Church,  and 
d.  soon  after  29  Dec.  1686,  the  date  of  his  will;  an  Inventory  of  his  estate 
was  presented  20  Jan.  1 686-7. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (2),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Rev.  Samuel  Whiting, 
and  had  Sarah,  bap.  5  Sept.  1697,  d.  9  Oct.  1701;  Samuel,  bap.  2  Oct.  1698; 
Sarah,  b.  22  Dec.  1700;  John,  b.  12  June  1702,  grad.   H.  C.  1723,  a  trader  in 
Plymouth;  Thomas,  b.  25  May  1706  ;  Joseph,  b.  2  Ap.  1708.     SAMUEL  thef. 
was  Selectman  6  years,  1701-1710,  and  d.  2  Nov.   1713,  a.  about  49;  his  w. 
Sarah  d.  8  Dec.  1752,  a.  84. 

4.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (2),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Simon  Gates,  and 
had  Nathaniel   (b.  about  1694),  bap.   11  Ap.   1697;    Noah  (b.    about    Feb. 
1696-7),  bap.   11   Ap.   1697;    Simon,  b.  30  Nov.   1704;    Abigail,  b.  21   Jan. 
1710-11,  m.  Thomas  Williams  30  Aug.  1733.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  was  Select- 
man 12  years  between  1716  ami  1730,  was  elected  Deacon  5  Aug.  1724,  and 
d.  8  Nov.  1734,  a.  67  years  and   10  days  ;  his  w.  Abigail  was  pub.  to  Joseph 
Mayo  of  Roxbury  16  Oct.  1735,  and  after  his  death  returned  to  Camb.,  and 
attained  extreme  old  age.     In  his  century  sermon,   1801,  Dr.  Holmes  says, 
"  about  the  year  1770,  Mrs.  Mayo  of  Cambridge  died  in  the  cvi  year  of  her 
age."    This  date  of  death  is  too  early  ;  the  Boston  News  Letter,  March  19,  1 772, 
contains  this  paragraph:  "Died  at   Cambridge  the  present  year  1772,  Mrs. 
Thwing  aged  101  in  Jan.,  Mrs.  Williams  102  in  Feb.,  Mr.  Holden  96  Mar.  8th. 
Still  living  in    Cambridge,  Mrs.  Mayo  in   her  102d  year."     This    statement 
varies  only  one  year  from  the  fact :    Abigail,   dau.  of    Simon   Gates,  who   m. 
Nathaniel  Sparhawk   and  Joseph   Mayo,  was  b.   14  Aug.   1671,  and  had  not 
fully  attained  101  years  in  Mar.  1772.     She  must  have  lived  at  least  until  14 
Aug.  1776,  if  she  entered  her  106th  year.     Under  date  of  Mar.  1774,  Pem- 
berton  says,  "  Died  this  month  at  Cambridge  the  widow  Abigail  Mayo,  aged 
106   years"   (Man.  Gen.~);  but  Pemberton's  dates  are  not  always  accurate. 
It  seems  certain  that  she  was  living  in  Mar.  1772,  and  she  may  have  survived 
the  14th  of  August  1776.     Her  great  grandson,  Edward  Sparhawk,  Esq.,  who 
was  b.  29  Nov.  1770  and  d.  3  Sept.  1867,  informed  his  pastor,  the  Rev.  Fred- 
eric A.  Whitney,  that  Mrs.  Mayo  "died  in  the  house  of  his  father,  Nathaniel 
Sparhawk  at  Brighton  (then  a  part  of  Cambridge)  and  was  buried  in  the  old 
burial  ground  on  Market  Street,  Brighton." 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of   Nathaniel   (2),  grad.  H.    C.   1689,   settled  at   Bristol,  R.  I. 
Alden   gives  his  epitaph   thus:  "  Here  lyeth  interred  the  body  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  John  Sparhawk,  a  minister  of  this  place  23  years  last  past,  and  died  the  29 

42 


658  SPARHAWK. 

of  April  1718,  in  the  46  year  of  his  age."     He  was  f.  of  John,  b.  1713; 
Nathaniel,  b.  1715;  and  perhaps  others. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  by  w.  Joanna  had  Samuel,  b.  17  Jan.  1730-31 ; 
Joanna,  bap.  21  Jan.  1732-3,  m.  Thomas  Gardner  12  June  1755;  Sarah,  bap. 
3  Nov.  1734  ;  Dorothy,  b.  14  July  1739,  m.  Edward  Wigglesworth  (the  younger 
Professor),  6  Jan.    1778;  John,  b.  8  Nov.  1745;  Elizabeth,  b.  11  Mar.  1754. 
d.  Feb.  1796.    SAMUEL  the  f.  was  Selectman  five  years  1737-1741,  was  elected 
Deacon  12  Ap.  1734,  and  d.  14  Ap.  1774,  a.   75.     At  the  date  of  his  will,  27 
Aug.  1771,  his  w.  Joanna  and  all  their  children  were  living. 

7.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Oliver,  14  Jan. 
1730-31,  and  had  Mary,  b.  3  Jan.  1731-2,  m.  Isaac  Gardner,  Jr.,  of  Brook- 
line  26  Ap.  1753  ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  30  Sept.  1733,  m.  Elisha  Gardner  of  Brook- 
line  21  June  1753;  Sybil,  b.  13  July  1735,  m.  Samuel  Aspinwall  of  Brookline, 
25  May  1758  ;  Thomas,  b.  16  Mar.  1736-7,  grad.  H.  C.  1755,  Judge  in  Chesh- 
ire  Co.,  N.  H.,  d.  Nov.  1802;  Lucy,  b.  14  Aug.  1738,  m.  Thomas  Aspinwall, 
Jr.,  of  Brookline,  4  Oct.  1762  ;  Katherine,  b.  16  Dec.  1739,  m.  Elijah  Hough- 
ton  of  Lancaster   27  Nov.  1760;   Oliver,  b.  1   Ap.   1742;  Abigail,   b.    19   Ap. 
1746,  m.  Hull  Sewall  of  Brookline  20  Mar.   1766,  and  Palsgrave  Wellington 

of  Cambridge  1772.      THOMAS  the  f.  was  Selectman    eighteen  years 

between  1744  and  1764,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  d.    15  Aug.  1783,  a.  77; 
his  w.  Mary  survived. 

8.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (4),  grad.  H.  C.  1715,  ordained  at  Lynn- 
field  17  Aug.  1720,  dismissed  1731,  and  d.  7  May  1732,  a.  35.     He  m.  Eliza- 
beth   Perkins,  who  d.  12  May  1768,  a.  68  years.     He  had  four  children  : 
Elizabeth,   b.   28   Dec.    1721;  Nathaniel,  b.    24   Sept.  1725,  d.   11  Dec.  1728; 
Edward  Perkins,  b.  10  July  1728,  grad.  H.  C.  1753,  preached  often,  but  was 
not  ordained ;  John,  b.  24   Oct.   1730,   apprenticed  to  a  shoemaker,  but  was 
subsequently  a  physician  in  Philadelphia.     Lewis's  Lynn. 

9.  NOAH,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (4),  m.  Priscilla,  dau.  of  Ichabod  Brown,  24  Sept. 
1724,  and  had  Priscilla,  b.   6  Aug.    1725,  m.  Abraham   Cutting  3  Oct.  1745, 
and  d.  before  1765 ;  Nathaniel,  b.  28  Oct.  1727  ;  Noah,  b.  19  Oct.  1729,  was 
of  Rutland  1765;  Martha,  b.  2  Jan.  1731-2,  m.  John  Hancock,  Jr.,  of  Chs. 
20  Nov.   1760;  Nathan,  bap.  28  July  1734,  was  of  Rutland  1765;  Ebenezer, 
b.  15  June  1738,  perhaps  grad.  H.  C.  1756,  and  d.   1805;   George,  bap.   20 
Sept.  1741,  d.  27  Jan.  1757.     NOAH  the  f.  d.  4  Feb.  1748-9;  his  w.  Pris- 
cilla  survived,  and  administration   on  her   estate  was   granted   to   her   son 
Nathaniel,  18  Ap.  1765. 

10.  SIMON,  s.  of  Nathaniel  (4),  had  Patience  and  Simon  (prob.  not  twins), 
bap.  10  Ap.  1737  ;  Sarah,  bap.  22  May  1737. 

11.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  grad.  H.  C.  1731,  ordained  at  Salem  1736,  and 

d.  30  Ap.  1755,  a.  42.     He  m. Porter,  and  had  thirteen  children,  among 

whom  were  Nathaniel ;  John,  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  d.  5  Sept.  1787,  a.  45,  leaving  son  Samuel,  who  was  after- 
wards Secretary  of  State ;  Samuel,  a  merchant.     Farmer. 

12.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Sir  William  Pepper- 
ell,  and  had  Nathaniel,  grad.  H.  C.  1765,  d.  1814;   William,  grad.  H.  C.  1766, 
took  the  name  of   his  grandfather  Pepperell,  was  his  principal  heir,  and  suc- 
ceeded to  his  title,  was  a  Councillor,  and  Mandamus  Councillor,  a  royalist,  fled 
to  England,  and  d.  there  in  1816;  Samuel  Hirst,  grad.   H.   C.   1771,  also  a 
refugee,  but  returned  and  d.  unm.  at  Kittery  29   Aug  1789,  a.  38;  Andrew 
Pepperell,  who  dropped  the  Sparkawk  from  his  name,  married  a  Miss  Turner, 
was  a  refugee,  and  both  he  and  his  w.  d.  in  England  during  the  Revolution  ; 
Mary  Pepperell,  m.  Doct.  Jarvis  of  Boston.     Farmer  and  Sabine. 

13.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  m.  Elizabeth  Gardner  28  Mar.  1758;  and 
had  Mary,  b.  17  Dec.  1758,  m.  Isaac  Sparhawk  Gardner  13  June  1784;  Jo- 
anna, b.  6  Ap.  1764;  Samuel,  b.  10  Feb.  1766. 

14.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Noah  (9),  m.  Lydia  Blake  of  Boston  (pub.  16  June 
,   1753)  ;  she  d.  27  Sept.  1766,  and  he  m.  Hannah  Murdock  of  Newton  (pub.  12 

Nov.  1767).    His  children  were  John,  b.  10  Sept.  1753;  Nathaniel,  b.  23  Mar. 
1755;  George,  b.  21  Ap.  1757,  grad.  H.  C.  1777,  a  physician  in  New  Hamp- 


SPARHAWK  —  SQUIRE.  659 

•  shire,  d.  1847;  Noah,  b.  29  Ap.  1759 ;  Blake,  b.  12  Ap.  1761,  m.  Anna  Dana 
18  Dec.  1786:  Lydia,  b.  10  Ap.  1763,  d.  young  ;  Lydia,  b.  25  and  d.  26  Sept. 
1766;  Nathan;  Edward,  b.  29  Nov.  1770;  Katherine ;  these  three  named  in 
their  father's  will;  Thomas  Gardner,  bap.  5  Nov.  1775,  d.  young.  NA- 
THANIEL the  f.  was  Selectman  four  years,  1772-1775,  and  d.  1  Oct.  1777;  his 
w.  Hannah  d.  27  Jan.  1826,  a.  83. 

15.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Nathaniel   (14),  m.  Elizabeth  Murdock  of  Roxbury 
(pub.  7  June  1804),  and   had   Edward  Corey,  bap.  4  Aug.  1805,  resides  in 
Brighton  District;  Samuel,  bap.  19   Ap.   1807;  George,  bap.  24  June  1810,  a 
lawyer  in  Boston  ;  Thomas  Gardner,  bap.  13  Sept.  1812;   Charles,  bap.  8  Mar. 
1818.     EDWARD  the  f.  was  President  of  the  Brighton  Bank,  Deacon  of  the 
Church,  and  held  other  offices  until  extreme  old  age;  he  d.  3  Sept.  1867,  a. 
nearly  97. 

16.  THOMAS,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Sybil,  b.  3  Mar.  1761. 

SPENCER,  WILLIAM,  one  of  the  first  company,  was  here  in  1632,  and  res.  at 
the  N.  E.  corner  of  Mount  Auburn  Street  and  Brattle  Square.  He  was 
Selectman  1635,  Deputy  or  Representative  1632,  1634-1637,  five  years; 
Lieutenant  of  the  first  Train-band  in  Camb.  1637,  and  one  of  the  original 
members  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company  1639,  in  which 
year  he  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Selectman,  Deputy,  and  one  of  the 
Committee  to  revise  the  laws  of  the  Colony. 

2.  THOMAS,   was  here  as  early  as  1633,  and  res.  on  the  easterly  side  of 
Eliot  Street.     His  estate  extended  from  Mount  Auburn  Street  to  Winthrop 
Street,  which  he  sold  to  Edmund   Angier,  and  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he 
served  on  a  Committee  1644,  and  was  Chimney-viewer  1649. 

3.  GARRAD  (or  Gerard,  or  Jared),  was  here  in  1634,  and  owned  land  on 
the  south  side  of  the  river.     He  probably  removed  to  Lynn,  and  afterwards  to 
Haddam,  Conn.     The  General  Court  13  Mar.  1637-8  granted  him  "  the  ferry 
at  Linn  for  two  years,  taking  two  pence  for  a  single  person  to  the  furthest 
place,  and  but  one  penny  a  person  for  more  to  the  furthest  place,  and  but 
one  penny  for  a  single  person  to  the  nearest  place." 

4.  MICHAEL,  owned  four  acres  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  1635.     Lewis 
says  he  was  of  Lynn  1637. 

5.  MICHAEL,  whether   s.  of   the  foregoing   not   ascertained,  m.  Rebecca, 
dau.  of  Thomas  Swoetman,   7  Dec.  1671,  and  had  Rebecca,  b.  4  Nov.  1673; 
Susanna,  b.  6  Ap.  1680;  Michael,  b.  16  Ap.  1682;  Thomas,  b.  3  Feb.  1688; 
Ammi,  b..ll  July  1690.     MICHAEL  the  f.  was  a  ship-carpenter.     In  1677  he 
purchased  the  homestead  of  Thomas  Swoetman  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  the 
College  Grounds,  subject  to  the  life  estate  of  Swoetman  and  his  wife,  except 
three  rooms  already  occupied  by  Spencer.     This  estate  he  sold  12  June  1697 
to  the  Corporation  of  Harvard  College,  reserving  the  use  of  one  third  thereof 
to  the  widow  Isabel  Swoetman  during  her  life. 

SPRING,  JOHN,  s.  of  John  of  Wat. ,  m.  Hannah  Barsham,  and  had  Hannah, 
b.  1  Oct.  1657;  Mary,  b.  10  June  1659;  Susanna,  b.  16  Ap.  1661;  Sarah,  b. 
1662;  Rebecca,  b.  10  Feb.  1664;  Abigail,  b.  20  Feb.  1666;  Susanna,  b.  18 
Aug.  1670,  d.  young;  Mary,b.  19  Feb.  1672-3;  Elizabeth,b.  7  Ap.  1675;  John, 
b.  1678.  JOHN  the  f.  resided  in  what  is  now  Newton,  was  Selectman  and 
Representative,  and  d.  18  May  1717,  a.  87;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  18  Aug.  1710, 
a.  73. 

MARY,  m.  John  Ward  30  Nov.  1681.  THOMAS,  m.  Margaret  Gates  31 
Dec.  1729.  SARAH,  m.  Timothy  Swan  27  July  1766.  MARSHALL,  m.  Han- 
nah Lee  31  Aug.  1797. 

SQUIRE,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Squiers),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Richard 
Francis,  and  had  Samuel;  Stephen;  John;  Thomas,  b.  25  July  1672,  m.  Deb- 
orah  ,  who  subsequently  m.  William  Brown  11  Nov.  1703;  Sarah,  b.  23 

May  1677,  m.  John  Fessenden;  Jonathan,  b.  24  July  1679  ;  Mary,  b.  18  Oct. 
1681,  m.  -  -  Askell  (HaskellV);  Richard,  b.  2  Nov.  1683;  Daniel,  b.  3 
Aug.  1686.  JOHN  the  f.  res.  on  the  south  side  of  tho  river,  and  d.  26  June 
1713,  a.  about  83;  his  w.  Sarah  survived. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Rebecca  had  John,  bap.  31  Jan.  1696-7; 


660  SQUIRE  —  STEARNS. 

Rebecca,  b.  11  Mar.  1700-1 ;  Sarah,  bap.  3  Oct.  1703.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  before 

26  Ap.  1708  (the  date  of  his  father's  will);  his  w.  Rebecca  survived. 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Deborah ;  he  was  long  absent,  prob- 
ably supposed  to  be  dead;  and  his  w.  Deborah  m.  William  Brown  11  Nov. 
1703.     His  father  left  him  a  legacy,  if  he  should  return;   if  he  should  not 
return,  then  a  legacy  to  Deborah  w.  of  William  Brown,  formerly  w.  of  the 
testator's  son  Thomas. 

4.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John   (1),  had  married  and  d.  before  26  Ap.  1708, 
leaving  a  dau.  Sarah,  who  was  provided  for  in  her  grandfather's  will. 

5.  DANIEL,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Deliverance,  had  Deliverance,  b.  13  Dec. 
1715;  Daniel,  b.  26  July  1718;   John,  b.  3  Mar.  1720-21. 

STACY,  THOMAS,  m.  Hannah  Hicks  2  June  1683,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  2 
Sept.  1684.  m.  Stephen  Hastings  28  Oct.  1708;  Thomas,  b.  about  1686;  Eliz- 
abeth, b.  19  Feb.  1687-8,  d.  unm.  between  18  Dec.  1742  and  28  Ap.  1743; 
Joseph,  b.  about  1694,  grad.  H.  C.  1719,  ordained  at  Kingston  3  Nov.  1720, 
d.  25  April  1741,  a.  47;  Susanna,  bap.  2  June  1700,  d.  2  Jan.  1702-3. 
THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  resided  at  the  point  made  by  the  junc- 
tion of  Brighton  and  Brattle  streets.  His  estate  was  divided  5  Nov.  1 744. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w. ,  had  Susanna,  m.  Cutting  Bean 

27  Dec.  1744;   Thomas,  b.  about  1723,  was  a  ship-joiner  in  Boston  5  Nov.  1744, 
when  he  sold  to  Joseph  Bean  the  homestead  which  had  that  day  been  as- 
signed to  him  from  the  estate  of  his  grandfather.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  a 
blacksmith  and  d.  before  5  Nov.  1744,  prob.  24  Ap.  1743,  a.  56. 

3.  JOSEPH,  of  Charlestown,  a  shipwright,  prob.  brother  to  Thomas  (1),  m. 
Elizabeth  Adams  29  June  1682;  she  d.  27  Dec.  1709  and  he  d.  17  Aug.  1711. 
He  prob.  left  no  children,  as  he  bequeathed  his  whole  estate  to  his  sister 
Susanna  Adams,  except  a  small  legacy  to  his  cousin  John  Salter. 

STANLEY,  TIMOTHY  (otherwise  written  Standly),  in  1635  owned  a  house 
and  garden  on  the  westerly  side  of  Dunster  Street  near  Harvard  Street.  He 
removed  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  juror  1639  and  1642;  he  "died  in  1648 
and  left  a  good  estate  to  his  widow  and  children,  viz.,  Caleb,  Isaac,  Lois, 
and  a  younger  daughter. "  "The  Stanley  family  maintained  a  high  reputa- 
tion in  the  jurisdiction  for  many  years  after  the  union  of  the  two  colonies.  In 
1709  Caleb  Stanley  was  elected  or  rather  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Colony, 
which  he  held  three  years."  Hinman. 

STANESBY,  JOHN,  is  named  as  a  land-holder  in  describing  the  bounds  of 
William  Cutter's  land  in  the  Neck  about  1638. 

STAHR,  COMFORT,  a  "  Chirurgeon,"  or  physician,  was  here  in  1638,  in 
Duxbury  16  Mar.  1639-40  and  d.  in  Boston  2  Jan.  1660.  See  Savage,  Gen. 
Diet. 

STEARNS,  CHARLES,  of  Wat.,  had  w.  Hannah  who  d.  July  1651,  and  he  m. 
Rebecca,  dau.  of  John  Gibson  of  Cambridge,  22  June  1654.  His  chil.  were 
Samuel,  b.  at  Wat.  2  June  1650;  at  Camb.,  Shubael,  b.  20  Sept.  1655;  John, 
b.  24  Jan.  1656-7 ;  and  again  at  Wat.,  Isaac,  Charles,  Rebecca,  and  Martha. 
CHARLES  the  f.  removed  to  Lynn  and  d.  before  1695.  (Sav.  Gen.  Diet.)  His 
w.  Rebecca  was  afflicted  by  insanity.  See  GIBSON,  JOHN. 

2.  ISAAC,  of  Wat.,  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  in  England;  Hannah;  John; 
Isaac,  b.  6  Jan.  1632-3;  Sarah,  b.  22  Sept.  1635,  m.  Deac.  Samuel  Stone  of 
Camb.  7  June  1655,  and  d.  6  Oct.  1700;  Samuel,  b.  24  Ap.  1638;  Elizabeth,  m. 
Samuel   Manning   of   Camb.  13  Ap.  1664;   Abigail,   m.   Deac.  John  Morse. 
ISAAC  the  f.  d.  19  June  1671;  his  w.  Mary  d.  2  Ap.  1677. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Isaac  (2),  m.  Sarah  Mixer  of  Watertown,  and  had  John,  b. 
41  the  second  week  "  in  May  1654  ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  18  June  1656,  and  he  m. 
Mary  Lathrop  of  Barnstable,  Dec.  1656,  by  whom  he  had  Isaac,  b.  1  7  April 
1658,  d.  young;  Samuel,  b.  3  Sept.  1659;  Isaac,  b.  23  Dec.  1661;  Nathaniel, 
b.  30  Nov.  1663  ;   Thomas,  b.  6  Dec.  1665.     JOHN  the  f.  was  orie  of  the  earliest 
settlers  in  that  part  of  Cambridge  which  was  incorporated  into  the  town  of 
Billerica,  and  d.  5  Mar.  1668-9;   his  w.  Mary  m.  Lieut.  William   French   6 
May  1669. 

4.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Isaac  (2),  m.  Sarah  Beers  28  June  1660,  and  had  at  the 


STEARNS  —  STEBBINS  —  STEDMAN.  661 

Farms  Sarah,  b.  14  Jan.  1661-2;  Mary,  b.  8  Oct.   1663;  Isaac,  b.  20  Aug. 
1665;  Samuel,  b.  20  Jan.  1667-8;  Abigail;  John,  b.  1675. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Isaac  (2),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  William  Manning,  1  Feb. 
16G2-3  and  had  Samuel,  b.  here  4  May  1664,  and  several  others  at  Wat. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  reputed  to  have  been  the  first  English  child  born 
on  the  present  territory  of  Billerica,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  John,  b.  22  Jan. 
1679-80,  d.  4  Ap.  1680;  Sarah,  b.  21  Mar.  1680-81;  Mary,  b.  23  July  1684; 
Isaac,  b.  May  1689;  Abigail,  b.  22  Aug.  1691.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  26  Oct.  1728, 

a.  74. 

7.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Isaac  (4),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Isaac,  b.  23  Feb.  1690-91, 
prob.  in.  Mehetabel  Frost  24   Dec.  1725;  Simon,  b.  19  Oct.   1697;  Jonathan, 

b.  20  Nov.  1701;  Hannah,  b.  26  Jan.  1703-4. 

8.  PKLEG,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  William,  b.  10  Ap.  1754. 

PHINKAS,  m.  Mary  Willington  9  July  1761.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Edward  Fille- 
brown  7  Dec.  1775.  DANIEL,  m.  Elizabeth  Knowlton  7  Sept.  1783. 

STEBBINS,  EDWARD  (generally  written  Stebing  or  Stebinge,  on  the  Record), 
was  here  in  1633,  and  res.  on  the  westerly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Dunster 
streets.  He  sold  his  estates  here  to  Nicholas  Danforth  (who  bought  on  behalf 
of  his  associates  forming  the  second  company  of  settlers)  2  May  1636,  and  re- 
moved to  Hartford,  with  Hooker.  He  was  a  Deacon  of  the  Church,  "  Juror 
in  1639  and  1643,  Deputy  in  1639,  1641,  and  1648,  Selectman  in  1647,  Col- 
lector of  funds  for  the  students  of  Cambridge  College,  by  order  of  the  Gen- 
eral Court,  in  1645.  He  d.  in  1663."  Hinman. 

STEDMAN,  JOHN,  by  w.  Alice  had  Elizabeth,  b.  about  1641;  Sarah,  b.  11 
Jan.  1643-4  ;  Martha,  b.  3  June  1646.  JOHN  the  f.  came  here  in  1638,  in  the 
employment  of  the  widow  Glover,  as  her  steward,  or  general  superintendent. 
In  the  will  of  her  husband,  Rev.  Jose  Glover,  is  a  bequest  as  follows  :  "  I  do 
further  bequeath  and  give  to  my  servant  John  Stedman,  my  antient  faythful 
servant,  the  sum  of  fifty  pounds."  The  epithet  ancient  must  refer  to  his  ser- 
vant's length  of  service  rather  than  to  his  age,  for  he  was  then  only  36  years 
old.  He  resided  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Mount  Auburn  Street  and  Brattle 
Square,  where  he  kept  a  store  for  about  half  a  century  after  Mrs.  Glover's 
death.  The  monopoly  of  the  trade  in  furs  for  Camb.  was  granted  to  him 
Oct.  1658.  He  was  a  Selectman  16  years  between  1640  and  1676,  and  Treas- 
urer of  the  County  26  years,  from  1658  to  1683.  He  was  also  connected  with 
the  military  department.  The  General  Court  ordered,  Mar.  1647-8,  that 
"  John  Stedman,  having  been  Ensign  of  the  Company  at  Cambridge  about  six 
years,  is  freed  from  serving  as  a  common  soldier  there."  He  served  as  Cor- 
net of  Capt.  Davis's  Troop,  in  the  expedition  against  Ninigret  1654  ;  and 
was  one  of  the  Committee  of  the  Militia  for  Cambridge  5  Mar.  1676-7,  hold- 
ing the  rank  of  Quartermaster  (unless  John  (3)  was  the  person  named  in 
the  Record).  He  d.  full  of  years  16  Dec.  1693,  a.  92;  a  large  tablet  in  the 
old  burial  ground  marks  his  resting  place;  his  w.  Alice  d.  6  Mar.  1689-90,  a. 
about  80.  He  left  no  son.  His  daughters  m.  and  had  posterity,  namely:  (1) 
Elizabeth,  the  eldest  dau.,  b.  1641,  or  1642,  m.  Nathaniel  Upham,  son  of  Deac. 
John  Upham  of  Maiden,  5  Mar.  1661-2;  lie  was  a  preacher,  but  had  not 
been  ordained ;  he  survived  his  marriage  but  a  few  days,  and  d.  20  Mar. 
1661-2;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Henry  Thompson,  merchant,  of  Boston,  27  Ap. 
1669,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Jan.  1669-70;  Dorothy,  b.  26  Oct.  1671  (m. 
Samuel  Shove  x  of  Boston  16  Nov.  1692,  and  Samuel  Burr  by  whom  she  had 
one  dau.  Sarah,  and  d.  20  Feb.  1701-2);  Henry,  b.  23  Oct.  1673,  d.  Sept. 
1690;  Alice,  b.  8  Sept.  1677.  Mr.  Thompson  d.  and  his  w.  Elizabeth  m. 
John  Sharp,  a  merchant,  whom  she  also  survived,  and  d.  in  her  third  widow- 
hood 9  Mar.  1699-1700.  (2)  Sarah,  the  second  dau.,  b.  11  Jan.  1643-4,  m. 
John  Brackett  of  Boston  23  Aug.  1662,  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  5  June  1664; 
John,  posthumous,  bap.  21  Ap.  1667;  both  d.  young.  Mr.  Brackett  d.  1666, 

i  By  Mr.  Shove,  Dorothy  had  Elizabeth,  they  are  called  "  the  only  surviving  children 

m.  Benjamin  Bagnall,  watchmaker,  Boston,  and.  heirs  of  Dorothy  Shove,  who  was  dau. 

and  Sarah,  m.  Thomas  Edwards,  goldsmith,  of  Elizabeth  Sharp,  who  was  dau.  of  John 

Boston.     In  a  deed,  dated  27  Sept.  1727,  Stedman."  —  Mid.  Deeds,  xxvii.  192. 


662  STEDMAN. 

and  his  w.  Sarah  m.  Dr.  Samuel  Alcock  24  Mar.  1667-8,  and  had  Samuel, 
b.  2  Mar.  1669;  Elizabeth,  b.  25  Dec.  1672;  both  which  children  appear 
to  have  d.  before  the  death  of  their  father.  Dr.  Alcock  d.  16  Mar.  1676-7, 
and  his  w.  Sarah  m.  Thomas  Graves  of  Charlestown,  H.  C.  1656,  a  physi- 
cian and  judge,  15  May  1682,  by  whom  she  had  one  son  Thomas,  b.  28  Sept. 
1683,  grad.  H.  C.  1703,  was  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  Su- 
preme Judicial  Court,  and  d.  19  June  1747.  Judge  Graves  the  f.  d.  30  May 
1697,  and  his  w.  Sarah  m.  Col.  John  Phillips  of  Charlestown  (also  Judge  of 
Court  of  Common  Pleas),  who.  d.  20  Mar.  1725-6,  a.  nearly  94.  Last  of  all, 
the  w.  Sarah  d.  in  her  fourth  widowhood  1  Mar.  1729-30,  a.  86.  I  think  her 
only  surviving  child  was  Judge  Graves  the  younger,  who  left  several  children, 
chiefly  daughters.  (3)  Martha,  youngest  dau.,  b.  3  June  1646,  m.  Joseph 
Cooke,  Jr.,  4  Dec.  1665,  and  had  posterity.  See  COOKE,  JOSEPH. 

2.  ROBERT,  prob.  brother  to  John   (1),  by  w.  Ann  had  a  daughter,  b.  14 
Sept,  1638,  d.  young;  John,  b.  27  Dec.  1642;  Mary,  b.  27  Ap.  1645,  m.  Dan- 
iel Thurston  1  Ap.  1674;  Thomas,  d.  2  Ap.  1659.     ROBERT  the  f.  was  here 
about  1638,  and  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Winthrop  Street,  between  Hoi- 
yoke  and  Dunster  streets,  on  an  estate  previously  owned  by  Simon   Sackett. 
This  house-lot  was  enlarged  by  purchase,  until  it  extended  through  to  Mount 
Auburn  Street,  and  included  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Mount  Auburn  and  Holyoke 
streets.     In  this  form  it  remained  in  possession  of  the  family  until  a  very  re- 
cent period.     ROBERT  the  f.  d.  20  Jan.  1666;  his  w.  Ann  was  living  10  Dec. 
1674,  but  d.  before  2  Nov.  1676. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Robert  (2),  m.  Elizabeth  Remington  14  May  1666,  and  had 

John,  b.  22  Aug.  1668;  Elizabeth,  b. ,  d.  15  July  1676.    JOHN  the  f.  was  a 

farmer  (perhaps  the  "  Quartermaster"  named  in  1676-7),  and  d.  of  small-pox 
24  Nov.  1678,  a.  36;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Samuel  Gibson  14  July  1679,  and  d. 
between  1 7  July  and  1 1  Dec.  1680,  her  son  John  being  her  only  surviving  child. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.   Sarah,  dau.  of  Samuel   Gibson,  by  his  first 
wife,  9  Ap.  1691,  and  had  John,  b.  about  1692,  grad.  H.  C.  1712,  and  d.  5 
Sept.  1719;  Elizabeth,  bap.  1  Aug.  1697,  m.  Dr.  Lawrence  Dolhond  26   Oct. 
1715,  had  two  children  who  d.  in  infancy  and  were  buried  here,  and  son  John, 
who  was  a  physician  living  in  Boston  1754;  Samuel,  bap.  1   Oct.  1699,  prob. 
d.  young;  Sarah,  b.  about  1701,  appears  by  her  father's  will  to  have  m.  and 
d.,  leaving  children,  before  1728;  Jonathan,  b.  21  Nov.  1703,  grad.  H.  C.  1726, 
living  in  Chelmsford  1756,  perhaps  the  same  who  was  pub.  here  to   Mary 
Blaisdell  22  May  1742;  Benjamin,  b.  17  July  1706,  was  a  physician  in  Brain- 
tree  1746,  had  a  s.  Leonard,  who  was  a  paper-stainer  in  Braintree  1759;  Eben- 
ezer,  bap.  2  Jan.  1708-9;  Mary,  b.  7  Jan.  1711-12,  m.  John  Henshaw  14  May 
1 730.    JOHN  the  f .  was  a  tailor,  innholder  and  shopkeeper.    He  inherited  the 
homestead,  was  a  thrifty  man,  and  accumulated  a  large  property.     He  d.  24 
Mar.  1727-8,  a.  nearly  60 ;  his  w.  Sarah,  who  appears  to  have  been  a  very  in- 
telligent, energetic  woman,  d.  1  July  1754,  a.  84. 

5.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Lydia  Moore,  and  had  Sarah,  bap.  27  Oct. 
1734,  d.  24  June  1740;  Martha,  b.  1  May  1736,  d.  23  June  1740  ;  Lydia,  bap. 
26  Mar.   1738,  d.  5  June  1740;  Ebenezer,  b.  27  Ap.  and  d.  15  Nov.   1740; 
Sarah,  b.  May  1741,  m.  Jonathan  Titcomb,  Esq.,  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  and  was 
living  in  1786;  John  and  Ebenezer,  twins,  b.  16  May  1743,  both  grad.  H.  C. 
1765   (John  m.  Mary  Quincy,  was  a  physician,  and  d.  1780,  leaving  sons  John 
and  Ebenezer);  Martha,  bap.  4  Aug.  1745,  d.  10  Oct.  1746;  Elizabeth,  bap.  1 
Nov.  1747,  m.  Samuel  Clark,  hatter,  of  Newport,  and  was  living  in  1786;  Sam- 
uel, bap.  7  May  1749,  d.  9  Aug.  1751  ;  Samuel,  bap.  20  May  1753,  a  printer, 
d.  —  May  1774  ;    William,  bap.  21  Sept.  1755,  d.  1  May  1758;  Lydia,  bap.  11 
Mar.  1759,  d.  young.    Mrs.  Lydia  Stedman  d.  1761,  and  Mr.  Stedman  in.  Mary 
Austin  of  Chs.  4  Jan.   1764,  by  whom  he  had  one  son  William,  bap.  20  Jan. 
1765,  grad.  H.  C.  1784,  was  a  lawyer,  resided  in  Lancaster,  Charlton,  and 
Worcester,  was  a  member  of  Congress,  and  d.  1831.     EBENEZKR  the  f.  inher- 
ited the  homestead,  and  increased  the  amount  of  property  which  he  inherited. 
He  kept  a  tavern  many  years  on  the  southerly  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street, 
about  midway  between  Brighton  and  Dunster  streets.     He  was   Captain  of 


STEDMAN  —  STONE.  663 

the  militia,  and  Selectman  from  1759  to  1776,  with  the  exception  of  two  years. 
He  d.  13  Sept.  1785,  a.  76;  his  w.  Mary  d.  about  1788.  . 

6.  EBENKZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (5),  and  twin  with  John,  m.  Eunice,  wid.  of 
Thaddeus  Winship  of  Lex.,  and  prob.  dau.  of  Samuel  Munroe,  and  had  Lydia, 
b.  24  Jan.  1  787,  m.  Col.  Eliab  W.  Metcalf  7  May  1809;  Ebenezer,  bap.  21  June 
1789,  m.  Mary  Braman  of  Norton  13  Ap.  1807,  and  d.  without  issue;  Mary, 
bap.  8  Ap.  1792,  m.  Col.  George  Meacham  1  Mar.  1818;  Samuel,  bap.  14  June 
1795,  m.  Martha  Russell  (pub.  10  Ap.  1823),  and  d.  18  June  1848;  John,  bap. 
29  Mar.  1801,  d.  unm.  1  Jan.  1822;  he  was  crushed  between  the  wheel  of  a 
cart  and  a  brick  wall,  in  Boston.  EBENEZER  the  f.  grad.  H.  C.  1765,  was  for 
many  years  Postmaster,  Selectman  eleven  years  between  1786  and  1801,  and 
Treasurer  twenty-three  years,  from  1786  to  1808.  In  his  old  age  his  mind 
became  unsettled,  and  he  d.  (felo  de  se)  7  Oct.  1815,  a.  72;  his  w.  Eunice  was 
buried  6  Sept.  1846,  a.  87. 

ELIZABETH,  m.  Thomas  Hammond  17  Dec.  1662.  HANNAH,  m.  Samuel 
Hyde  20  Jan.  1683.  MARY,  m.  David  Stowell  7  Ap.  1692.  SARAH,  m. 
Joseph  Sprague  30  Nov.  1714.  MARGARET,  m.  Benjamin  Cheney  9  Nov. 
1  752.  These  may  have  been  of  the  Roxbury  family. 

STEELE,  JOHN,  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  res.  1635  at  the  westerly  cor- 
ner of  Harvard  and  Holyoke  streets,  and  was  a  large  landholder.  He  was 
Deputy  or  Representative  three  sessions  in  1635.  He  rem.  to  Hartford  with 
Hooker,  and  was  Deputy  and  Magistrate  many  years.  He  "  was  of  the  Court 
that  declared  war  against  the  Pequots.  He  was  the  Town  Register  in  Hart- 
ford 1639,  which  office  he  held  until  he  removed  to  Farmington.  He  was  a 
valuable  man  in  the  Colony,  and  was  the  ancestor  of  the  Steeles  in  Hartford, 

Farmington,  and  Woodbury He  d.  in  1665,  and  left  a  son  Samuel,  and 

two  daughters,  who  married  William  and  Thomas  Judd."  Hinman. 

2.  GEORGE,  brother  to  John  (1),  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  and 
res.  1635  on  the  easterly  corner  of  Harvard  and  Dunster  streets,  adjoining  to 
his  brother's  estate.  He  also  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Selectman  and 
Juror  1644,  and  d.  in  1664,  leaving  one  son  James,  and  two  daughters. 

STEVENS,  WILLIAM,  m.  Abigafl  Green  1  July  1673.  REV.  BENJAMIN,  m. 
Mary  Remington  28  Sept.  1752.  THOMAS,  m.  Mary  Barrett  30  Sept.  1771. 

STEVENSON,  ANDREW  (otherwise  written  Steevenson,  Steveson,  Stieven- 
son,  and  Stimson),  by  w.  Jane,  had  Deborah,  b.  in  England,  m.  Robert  Wilson 
of  Sudbuiy,  and  (2d),  Matthew  Abdy;  Sarah,  m.  Joseph  Lowden  of  Charles- 
town,  and  d.  before  1681,  leaving  son  Jarnes,  and  dau.  Mary,  who  m.  James 
Burbeen  of  Woburn;  Rebecca,  b.  20  Jan.  1642,  m.  James  Patterson  of  Bil- 
lerica  29  May  1662  ;  John,  b.  29  Dec.  1644,  d.  26  May  1664  ;  Mary,  b.  17  Jan. 
1646,  m.  Thomas  Richardson  of  Billerica  5  Jan.  1669-70;  Lydia,  b.  2  Aug. 
1648  ;  Andrew,  b.  about  1652  ;  Hannah,  m.  William  Burges,  and  was  living  in 
Ipswich  1695.  ANDREW  the  f.  d.  between  3  May  1681,  and  1  Oct.  1683; 
his  w.  Jane  survived. 

2.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (1),  by  w.  Abigail,  had  Andrew,  died  5  Sept. 
1683;  Mary,  b.  17  Feb.  1682-3,  d.  young;  Mary,  b.  21  Oct.  1684  ;  Joseph,b.  17 
Dec.  1695,  d.  29  Aug.  1696;  Lydia,  b.  13  Aug.  1697,  d.  12  Ap.   1703;  Joseph, 
b.  7  Feb.  1699-1700;  Lydia,  b.  14  Oct.  1703,  and  perhaps  others.     ANDREW 
the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  resided  in  Chs.,  where  his  chil.  were  born,  and 
where  he  d.  14  Dec.  1721. 

3.  JONATHAN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Abigail,  b. 
1  July  1671  ;  James,  b.  26  May  3673. 

STILEMAN,  RICHARD,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Samuel,  b.  23  May  1644;  went 
to  Salem  as  early  as  1646,  and  thence  to  Portsmouth,  where  by  w.  Mary  he 
had  Mary,  Elizabeth,  Sarah,  and  Richard,  from  1657  to  1668. 

STOCKING,  GEORGE  (otherwise  written  Stockine),  was  an  early  inhabitant, 
and  res.  1635  at  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  Winthrop  streets.  He 
rem.  with  Hooker  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Selectman  in  1647. 

STONE,  SAMUEL,  "one  of  the  first  ministers  of  Cambridge  and  Hartford, 
was  born  in  Hartford,  England,  and  was  educated  at  Etnanuel  College,  came 
to  N.  Eng.  in  1633,  and  settled  at  Camb.  with  Rev.  Thomas  Hooker  11  Oct. 


664  STONE. 

1633,  admitted  freeman  1634,  removed  to  Hartford  with  Mr.  Hooker  in  1636, 
and  there  d.  20  July  1663."  Farmer.  "  He  was  chaplain  in  the  little  army 
of  ninety  brave  men  under  Major  Mason  in  1637,  who  by  their  valorous  deeds 

exterminated  the  Pequot  Nation  of  Indians He  left  a  widow  Elizabeth 

and  children,  Samuel,  Elizabeth,  Rebecca,  Mary,  and  Sarah."  (Hinman.)  Rev. 
Mr.  Stone  res.  while  here  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brighton  Street,  between 
Mount  Auburn  Street  and  Harvard  Square.  His  w.  who  accompanied  him 
here  d.  before  22  Nov.  1640,  and  he  appears  to  have  m.  again  at  Hartford. 

2.  GREGORY,  prob.  brother  to  Samuel  (1),  was  here  as  early  as  1637,  and 
about  1638  purchased  a  house  and  five  acres  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden 
Street,  between  the  Botanic  Garden  and  Concord  Avenue,  which  became  his 
homestead.     He  acquired,  by  gift  and  purchase,  large  tracts  of  land  at  the 
Farms,  where  some  of  his  children  settled.      By  his   w.    Lydia  (who  had 
formerly  been  the  w.  of Cooper),  he  had  six  children,  all  born  in  Eng- 
land; John,  b.  about  1619;  Daniel;  David;  Elizabeth,  m.  Potter  of  Ips- 
wich; Samuel;  Sarah,  m.  Joseph  Miriam  of  Concord  1653.     GREGORY  the 
f.  was  a  farmer;  he  owned  a  house  and  26  acres  at  Wat.  and  54  acres  of  out- 
lands,  all  which  he  sold  to  Nathaniel  Sparhawk,  agent  of  Thomas  Boylston  of 
London,  30  Sept.  1639;  but  it  is  not  certain  that  he  ever  resided  in  Wat.     He 
was  a  Representative  for  Cambridge  1638  ;  a  Deacon  of  the  Church;  and  d. 
30  Nov.  1672,  a.  82;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  24  June  1674. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of   Gregory  (2),  in  early  life   settled  in  that  part  of  Sudbury 
which  was  afterwards  included  in   Framingham,  and   by  w.  Anne  had  John; 
Hannah,  b.  6  June  1640,  m.  John  Bent  1  July  1658;  Mary,  b.  prob.  1642,  m. 
Isaac  Hunt  of  Concord,  who  d.  Dec.  1680,  and  she  m.  Eliphalet  Fox  of  Concord, 
and  d.  before  6  Ap.  1686;  Daniel,  b.   31  Aug.  1644;  David,  b.  31   Oct.  1646; 
Elizabeth,  b.  prob.  1649,  m.  Samuel  Stow;  Margaret,  b.  22  Oct.  1653,  m.  William 
Brown   11   Jan.   1676;   Tabiiha,  b.  29  May  1655,  m.   John  Rice  2  Nov.  1674; 
Sarah,  b.  22  Sept.  1657,  m.  Jacob  Hill  of  Camb.;  Nathaniel,  b.  11  May  1660. 
JOHN  the  f.  was  a  Deacon  of  the  Church  at   Sudbury,  and  employed  by  the 
town  in  civil  affairs.     On  the  death  of  his  father  he  returned  to   Camb.,  and 
occupied  the  homestead.     He  was  Representative   1682   and  1683.     He  was 
also  elected  a  Ruling  Elder  of  the  Church  here,  to  which  office  he  and  Elder 
Clark   were  ordained   15  Nov.   1682,  when  the  Rev.  Nathaniel  Gookin  was 
ordained  pastor.     He  d.  5  May  1683,  a.  64.     His  w.  Anne  and  their  ten  chil- 
dren survived.     A  large  posterity  of  Elder  Stone  remains  in  Framingham, 
and  in  the  region  round  about. 

4.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Gregory  (2),  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  Richard  Ward,  and  dau. 

of  John  Moore  of    Sudbury,  and  had  Mary,  b.   21   Mar.  1643-4,  m.  

Walker;  Sarah,\).  22  Sept.  1645,  m. Edmands;  Daniel,  b.  2  Jan.  1646-7, 

prob.  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  b.   1   Jan.   1648-9,  prob.  d.  young;   Abigail,  b.  28 

Ap.  1653,  m. Keach.     DANIEL  the  f.  was  a  physician,  or  as  styled  on 

sundry  records,  "  Chirurgeon,"  and  resided   at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster 
and  Mount  Auburn  streets.     He  removed  to  Boston  between   1   May  1655, 
when  Edward  Burt  acknowledged  a  debt  to  him  of  7,200  Ibs.  "  Muscavadoes 
sugar,"  and  23  Nov.  1657,  when  he  sold  his  "  late  mansion  place  "  in  Camb. 
to  Samuel  Andrew.     He  d.  between  6  Dec.  1686  and  6  July  1687. 

5.  DAVID,   s.  of  Gregory  (2),  by  w.  Dorcas  had  David,  b.   6  Ap.  1650; 
Daniel,  b.  about  1651  ;  Dorcas,  b.  18  Dec.  1652  ;  John,  b.  about  1654  ;  Samuel, 
b.  19  June  1656;  Nathaniel,  b.  about  1658. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Gregory  (2),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Isaac  Stearns  of  Wat.,  7 
June  1655,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  1   Oct.  1656  ;  Isaac,   b.  about   1658,  prob.  d. 
young;  Sarah,  b.  5  Feb.  1660-61  ;  John,  b.  12  May  1663  ;  Lydia,  b.  25  Nov. 
1665;  Mary,  b.  22  Feb.  1667-8,  d.    11  May  1669;  Joseph,  b.   1671;  Anna,  b. 
30  June  1673.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  at  the  Farms  ;  was  Selectman  1681, 
1688,  and  1692;  at  the  organization  of  the  Church  (now  the  First  in  Lex.), 
he  was  elected  Deacon,  and  d.  27  Sept.  1715,  a.  about  80.     His  w.  Sarah  d. 
4  Oct.  1700,  and  he  m.  Abigail ,  who  d.  1728  at  Woburn,  a.  71. 

7.  DAVID,  s.  of  David  (5),  m.  Sarah  Hildreth  31  Dec.  1674,  and  had  Sarah, 
b.  6  Mar.  1676-7  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  6  Feb.  1678-9,  d.  12  Aug.  1679.     DAVID  the 
f.  d.  21  Aug.  1679. 


STONE.  665 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),   m.  Dorcas  Jones   12  June  1679,  and  had 
Samuel,  b.  12  Aug.  1634;  and  others.     SAMUEL  the  f.  succeeded  his  father  as 
Deacon  of  the  Church  at  Lex.  1715,  and  d.  17  June   1743,  a.  nearly  87  ;  his 
w.  Dorcas  d.  24  Sept.  1746,  a.  87. 

9.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  m.  Rachel  Shepard  of  Concord  27  Ap.  1C87,  and 
had  John,  b.  12  Mar.  1687-8,  d.  young;  John,  b.  15  Dec.  1689,  was  Deacon 
of  the   Church  at  Lex.,  and  d.  7   Aug.  1762,  a.  72   (his  w.  Mary  d.  16  Oct. 
1772,  a.   77);  Mary,  b.  26  Sept.  1692;  Anna,  b.   27  Nov.  1694;  'Rachel,  b.  6 
June  1697;  Ruth,  b.  27  Aug.  1700.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  at  the   Farms,  and  d. 
there  3  Feb.  1713. 

10.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Sarah,  b.  1  Nov.  1700; 
and  others.     JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  17  Jan.  1713-14. 

11.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (8),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Deac.  George  Reed  of 
Woburn  1 706,  and  had  Abigail,}).  21  Ap.  1 707,  m.  Micah  Stone  of  Framingham; 
Samuel,  b.  8  Dec.  1708,  rem.  to  Rutland;  Jonas,  b.   3  Dec.  1710,  a  Deacon 
at  Lex.,  d.  29  Oct.  1790;  Elizabeth,  b.  21  Dec.  1713,  m.  John  Stone  and  rem. 
to  Rutland  ;   Tabitha,  b.  9  Jan.  1715-16.  m.  John  Noyes  of  Sudbury;  Mary,  b. 
9  Mar.  1717-18,  in.  Thomas  Bent  of  Sudbury;   Susanna,  b.   24  Ap.  1720,  m. 
Elijah  Bent  of  Sudbury;  Nathan,  b.  28  Ap.  1722,  m.  Mary  Robbins,  and  res. 
at  Sudbury  and  Rutland;  Eunice,  b.  2  July  1724,  m.  Samuel  Reed;  Sybil,  b. 
9  Sept.  1727,  m.  Nathaniel  Bright,  and  (2*d)   Samuel  White;  Isaac,  b.  5  Ap. 
1730.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  Captain,  and  an  active,  energetic  man.     He  is 
said  to  have  res.  at  different  times  at  Concord,  Sudbury,  and  Rutland,  as  well 
as  at  Lexington;  he  d.  at  Lex.  5  Ap.  1769;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  16  Jan.  1767, 
a.  81. 

12.  SIMON,  brother  to  Gregory  (2),  came  to  N.  Eng.  in  1634,  and  settled  at 
Wat.  with  w.  Joanna  and  four  chil.,  born  in  England;  Frances,  b.  about  1618; 
Ann,  b.  about  1623;  Simon,  b.  about  1630;  John,  b.  1634,  d.  young.     He  had 
at  Wat.  John,  b.  15   Aug.  1635,  Deacon  at  Wat.,  where  he  d.  26   Mar.  1691 ; 
Elizabeth,  b.  5  Ap.  1639.     SIMON  the  f.  was  Deacon  of  the  Wat.  Church,  and 
d.  22   Sept.   1665,   a.  about  80,  having  previously  m.  2d  w.   Sarah,   wid.  of 
Richard  Lumpkin,  and  sister  to  William  Warner  of  Ipswich;  she  d.  1663. 

13.  SIMON,  s.  of  Simon  (12),  m.  Mary  Whipple,  and  had  John,  b.  23  July 
1658;  Matthew,  b.   16  Feb.  1659-60;  Nathaniel,  b.  and  d.  Feb.  1661-2;  Eb- 
enezer, b.  27  Feb.  1662-3;  Mary,  b.  6  Jan.  1664-5;  Nathaniel,  b.  1666,  grad. 
H.  C.  1690,  ordained  at  Harwich,  m.  dau.  of  Gov.  Hinkley,  and  d.  about  1755, 

a.  88,  having  had  ten  children,  one  of  whom,  Nathan,  b.   1708,  grad.  H.  C. 
1726,  was  ordained  at  Southborough  21  Oct.  1730,  and  d.  31  May  1781;  Eliz- 
abeth, b.  9  Oct.  1670;  Susanna,  b.  4  Nov.  1675,  m.  Edward   Goddard,  Esq.; 
Jonathan,  b.  26  Dec.  1677.     SIMON  the  f.  d.  27  Feb.  1707-8:  his  w.  Mary  d. 
1720. 

14.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Simon  (13),  settled  in  Newton,  and  m.  Margaret,  dau. 
of  James  Trowbridge,  1686;  she  d.  4  May  1710,  a.  44,  and  he  m.  Abigail  Wil- 
son; she  d.  1720,  a.  57,  and  he  m.  wid.  Sarah  Livermore  8  Ap.   1722,  who  d. 
1741,  a.  70.     His  chil.,  all  by  his  first  w..  were  Ebenezer,  b.  21   Dec.  1686,  m. 
Sarah  Bond.  d.  1  Feb.  1 784,  and  was  buried  in  the  old  burial  ground  at  Wat. ; 
Margaret,  b.  1  Aug.  1688,  m.  Nathaniel  Hammond,  d.  1776;  Samuel,  b.  1  July 
1690,  rem.  to  Framingham,  and  m.  Hannah  Searl;  John,  b.  18  Sept.  1692,  in. 
Lydia  Hyde  1717;  Nathaniel,  b.  6  Sept.  1694,  d.  1713;  Mindwell,  b.  26  June 
1696,  m.  Ebenezer  Woodward  1716;  David,  b.  15  May  1698,  d.  1725;  Man/, 

b.  19  Ap.  1700;  Simon,  b,  14  Sept,  1702,  m.  Priscilla  Dyke  1732;  James,  b.  8 
June  1704,  grad.  H.  C.  1724,  ordained  at  Holliston  20  Nov.  1728,  d.  1742; 
Experience,  b.  1707,  m.  Sarah  Livermore  1722. 

15.  DANIEL,  a  descendant  of  Gregory  (2),  through  his  s.  Elder  John  (3), 
m.  Sally  Williams  of  Wat.  2  Ap.  1806,  and  had  in  Mendon,  Nahum,  b.  7  Ap. 
1807,  m.  Susanna  Hovey  1  Jan.  1832;  Daniel,  b.  —  June  1809,  d.  12  Oct.  1810  ; 
and,  in  Camb.,  Hannah,  b.  12  July  1811,  m.  Freeman  Hovey,  —  Dec.  1831, 
buried  29  Jan.  1838;  Daniel  Gregory,  b.  18  Ap.  1813,  d.  18  June  1815;  Sarah 
Maria,  b.   16   Ap.  1815,  m.  William   Hovey,   Jr.,   31   July    1834;    Catherine 
Whitney,  b.  7  May  1817,  m.  Ansdn  J.  Stone  (pub.  5  Nov.  1839),  d.  31  July 


666  STONE  —  STREETER. 

1845;  Levi  Farwell,  b.  8  Feb.  1819;  Daniel  Gregory,  b.  14  Jan.  1821,  d.  23 
July  1876  ;  Persia  Haynes,  b.  26  Ap.  1824,  d.  'l825.  DANIEL  the  f.  was  a 
tanner,  and  res.  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Harvard  and  Prospect  streets.  He  re- 
linquished that  business  about  1837,  and  sold  the  southerly  part  of  his  estate 
to  Rev.  Joseph  W.  Parker.  He  was  Superintendent  of  the  Burial  Ground  in 
Ward  Two  many  years  after  1825,  and  d.  25  Sept.  1861,  a.  80  ;  his  w.  Sarah 
was  buried  3  Feb.  1843. 

16.  WILLIAM  F.,  a  descendant  of  Gregory  (2),  through  Elder  John  (3),  b. 
in  Framingham,  in.  Harriet   Brigham  of  Westborough  (a   descendant  from 
Thomas  Brigham  of  Camb.  1638)  (pub.  22  Sept.  1826),  and  had  William  Low- 
ell, b.   24  June   1829,   grad.   H.  C.  1850,  d.   1857;  Mary  Warren,  b.   30  Ap. 
1833;    Harriet  Brigham,  b.  11   Aug.  1835;    Olynthus  Brigham,  b.  3  Ap.  1838. 
WILLIAM  F.  the  f.  was  bred  a  physician,  but  early  abandoned  the  profession  ; 
he  was  elected  Register   of   Deeds   for  Middlesex    County  in  1822,   which 
office  he  held,  by  successive  elections,  until  1845,  when  he  resigned  in  conse- 
quence of  ill  health,  and  d.  26  Mar.  1857  ;  his  w.  Harriet  d.  2  July  1868. 

17.  WILLIAM,    a   descendant   from    Simon    (12)    m.   Kezia  Fairbanks   of 
Brighton  (pub.  3  May  1823);  she  d.  3  Mar  1850,  a.  56,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Ann 
Coombs  of  Lynn  (pub.  14  Jan.  1851).     His  children  were  Sarah  P.,  b.  10 
Feb.  1824,  bur.  14  Aug.  1825;  Sarah  A.,  b.  26  Dec.  1825;   William  W.,  b. 
20   Sept.   1827;   Ephraim  W.,  b.   14   Ap.  1830;    Martha  Maria,  b.   30   Nov. 
1832;  Horace,  b.  8  Nov.  1836;  Henry  M.,  b.  30  Oct.  1839.     WILLIAM  the 
f.  was  a  wheelwright  and  resided  in  Ward  One;  he  d.  4  Dec.  1868. 

18.  LOWELL  M.,  a  descendant  from  Gregory  (2),  and  nephew  to  William 
F.  (16),  b.  in  Framingham,  m.  Mary  L.  Moody  (pub.  4  Ap.  1845),  and  had 
(posthumous)  Mary  Lowell,  b.  17  Nov.  1847.     Mr.  Stone  was  a  young  man  of 
great  promise ;  a  Justice  of  the  Peace ;  several  years  chief  clerk  in  the  Pen- 
sion Office,  Boston;  and  was  elected  Cashier  of  the  Merchant's  Bank  a  short 
time  before  his  decease.     He  d.  25  July  1847,  a.  31;  his  w.  Mary  L.  d.  31 
July  1849,  a.  31. 

THOMAS,  of  Framingham,  m.  Elizabeth  Andrew  18  June  1730.  REBECCA, 
m.  Timothy  Wellington  of  Lex.  23  Sept.  1742.  LOVE,  m.  Samuel  Whitte- 
more  3d,  11  June  1747.  SETH,  m.  Mary  Tufts  of  Medf.  6  Aug.  1776.  JOHN, 
m.  Mary  Tufts  of  Medf.  13  Ap.  1780. 

STOWELL,  DAVID,  m.  Mary  Stedman  7  Ap.  1692. 

STRATTON,  SAMUEL,  d.  19  Dec.  1672,  naming  in  his  will  sons  Samuel  and 
John,  and  grandson  Samuel,  son  of  Richard  deceased.  He  prob.  resided  on 
the  northerly  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  next  westerly  from  Prof.  James 
R.  Lowell's  estate,  which  was  then  in  Wat.  but  is  now  a  part  of  Camb. 
Those  which  follow  were  perhaps  his  descendants. 

2.  EBENEZER,  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Ebenezer,  d.  4  Dec.   1735;  Lydia,  b.  26 
Feb.  1716-17,  m.  Samuel  Child  of  Dudley  24  Oct.  1734;  Abigail,  b.  24  July 
1718,  d.  14  July  1736;   Elizabeth,  b.   12  Feb.  1719-20,   m.  Joseph  Cooke   7 
June  1739;  Thankful,  b.  17  Dec.  1721,  m.  Ebenezer  Richards  24  Dec.  1741; 
Man/,  b.  2  Jan.  1722-3,  m.  Samuel  Walker  20  Dec.  1750;  Sarah,  b.  19  Nov. 
1725;  John,  b.  9  Aug.  1727. 

3.  JOHN,  prob.  s.  of  Ebenezer  (2),  m.  Mercy  Norcross  3  May  1750,  and 
had  Mary,  b.  29  Ap.  1752,  m.  Silas  Robbins  7  May  1772;  Nathaniel,  b.  14 
Dec.  1755;  John,  b.  13  Ap.  1759;  Susanna,  b.  2  Dec.  1760,  m.  Major  John 
Palmer  28  Nov.  1781  and  d.  Dec.  1837,  a.  77;  the  Town  Record  says  79,  but 
wrongly,  unless  I  mistake  the  parentage. 

4.  JOHN,  had  Joshua,  bap.  18  Nov.  1722;  Mercy,  bap.  27  Sept.  1724. 

5.  JAMES,  had  Mary,  bap.  17  May  1724. 

6.  JAMES,  by  w.  Nabby,  had  James,  b.  7  Feb.  1797. 

STRKETER,  STEPHEN,  prob.  a  descendant  from  Stephen  of  Chs.  1644,  by 
w.  Deborah,  had  in  Camb.  Rebecca,  b.  3  Sept.  1683  ;  Deborah,  b.  25  Sept. 
1685,  d.  7  Ap.  1689;  Joseph,  b.  18  Sept.  1687;  Benjamin,  b.  25  Nov.  1689,  d. 
23  Ap.  1690;  and  prob.  others.  A  Deborah  Streeter,  perhaps  wid.  of  STE- 
PHEN, m.  Samuel  Sears  of  Wrentham  10  Aug.  1704. 

2.   SAMUEL,  prob.  s.  of  Stephen   (1),  had  Mary  and  Sarah,    prob.  not 


STHEETER— SWAN.  667 

twins,  bap.  21  Feb.  1696-7;  Stephen,  bap.  4  Sept.  1698;  Samuel,  bap.  7  Jan. 
1699-1700;  Mercy,  bap.  14  May  1704;  Susanna,  bap.  28  Ap.  1706. 

3.  JOHN,  perhaps  s.  of  Stephen  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Hannah,  b.  26  Dec. 
1700;  Mary.  b.  29  Mar.  1702  ;  John,  bap.  16  Ap.  1704. 

SWAN,  .JOHN  (otherwise  written,  Swann,  Swaine  and  Swayne),  m.  Re- 
becca Palfrey  1  Jan.  1650-51  ;  she  d.  12  July  1654  and  he  m.  Mary  Pratt  2 
Mar.  1655-6.  His  children  were  Ruth,  b.  1  or  10  Mar.  1652;  Gershom,  b.  30 
June  1654;  Samuel,  b.  3  Ap.  or  1  May  1657,  d.  19  or  20  June  1678;  Mary, 
b.  2  May  1659;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  July  1661,  m.  Ezekiel  Richardson  of  Woburn 
27  July  1687;  Lydia,  b.  28  July  "l 663;  John,  b.  1  May  1665,  resided  in 
Woburn  1712;  Hannah,  b.  27  Feb.  1667;  Ebenezer,  b.  14  Nov.  1672.  JOHN 
the  f.  was  brought  up  in  the  family  of  Thomas  Bittlestone,  who  provided  by 
his  will  3  Nov.  1640  that  his  w.  Elizabeth  should  be  served  five  years  by  his 
boy  John  Swan,  and  should  then  pay  him  five  pounds.  He  was  a  farmer 
and  resided  in  Menot. ,  where  his  posterity  may  now  be  found;  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Church,  but  for  some  fault  was  excommunicated  1684.  It 
would  seem  he  was  not  easily  moved  from  his  purposes  whether  good  or  bad ; 
for  in  that  day  when  excommunication  was  generally  regarded  as  an  effectual 
bar  against  salvation,  he  withstood  the  power  of  the  Church  more  than  twenty 
years ;  but  at  length  when  he  had  attained  extreme  old  age  he  made  his  peace 
with  the  brethren  and  "was  restored  to  communion  "  22  Dec.  1706.  He  d.  5 
June  1708,  a.  87,  as  inscribed  on  his  gravestone;  his  w.  Mary  d.  11  Feb. 
1702,  a.  69. 

2.  GERSHOM,  s.  of  John   (1),  m.   Sarah  Holden   20  Dec.   1677,  and  had 
Sarah,  b.  about  1679,  d.  unm.  25  Ap.  1699,  a.  20;  liebecca,  b.  24  Aug.  1681, 
d.  young  ;  John,  b.  3  Oct.  1683;  Ruth,  b.  25  Dec.  1685,  m.  Theophilus  Rich- 
ardson of  Woburn;  Abigail,  b.  12  Feb.  1686-7,  m.  John  Richardson  of  Wo- 
burn 1  July  1714;  Lydia,  b.  10  Nov.  1689,  m.  William  Mansur  of  Medf.  2 
Feb.  1714-15;  Rebecca,  bap.  14  Aug.  1698,  m.  George  Abbott  2  Feb.  1714-15; 
and  perhaps  others  between  1689  and  1698.     GERSHOM  the  f.  res.  at  Menot. 
and  d.  2  July  1708,  a.  54  ;  his  w.  Sarah  survived. 

3.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (1),  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Mar. 
1699;  Sarah,  b.  26  Feb.  1700-1 701,  m.  Ephraim  Cook,  14  Dec.  1727;  Ebene- 
zer, b.  23  Mar.   1703-4;   Mary,  b.  4  Mar.  1706-7;  Samuel,  b.  5  Ap.   1711; 
William,  b.  31  Jan.  1713-14,  m.  Ruth  Polley  13  Ap.  1743.     EBENEZER  the  f. 
res.  at  Menot.,  and  d.  27  July  1740;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  20  Ap.  1748,  a.  73. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Gershom  (2),  by  w.  Elizabeth  (who  d.  21  Dec.  1723,  a.  28), 
had  John,  bap.  12  Ap.  and  d.  11  June  1719;  Timothy,  b.  3  Aug.  1720;  Eliza- 
beth, b.    12   Oct.    1722,  perhaps   the   same  (called   Mrs.  Elizabeth),   who  d. 
24  Jan.  1799,  a.  76;  and  by  2d  w.  Elizabeth,  Esther,  b.  15  Mar.  1725-6,  m. 
Zebadiah  Richardson   19  Ap.  1  759  ;  John,  bap.  4   Aug.   1728;   Gershom,  bap. 
10  Aug.  1729,  d.  young;  Susanna,  b. 4  Oct.  1730,  m.  Joseph  Parks,  Jr.,  of  Con- 
cord (pub.  3  Mar.  1753),  or  Samuel  Watts  of  Woburn  4  Ap.  1757;    William, 
b.  4  Sept.  1737,  pub.  to  Lucy  Robbins  of  Boston  15  Mar.  1759.     JOHN  the 
f.  had  the  homestead,  and  d.  31  Mar.  1752 ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  28  Oct.  1780, 

a.  85. 

5.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (3),  by  w.  Bathsheba,  had  Peter,  b.  6  Jan. 
1728-9  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  18  Nov.  1730  ;  Benjamin,  b.  20  Ap.  1733  ;  Joseph,  b.  16 
Feb.  1735-6;  Ba'hsheba,  b.  15  Feb.  1737-8,  d.  unm.  26  Aug.  1805;  a  daughter, 

b.  1739,  d.  22  July  1740,  a.  eighteen  months;  Joshua,  b.   28  June   1743,  m. 
Sarah  Cutter  20  July  1762;  Mary,  bap.  7  Ap.  1745,  d.  1  Aug.  1747.     EBEN- 
EZER the  f.  d.  23  Ap.  1752;  his  w.  Bathsheba  d.  31  Aug.  1793,  a.  84. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (3),  m.  Sarah  Patten,  and  had  Samuel,  bap.  5 
Feb.  1737-8;  Aaron,  bap.   1   June   1740;  George,  bap.  20  June   1742,  d.  26 
May  1748;  Sarah,  bap.  10  Feb.  1744-5;  Nathan,  bap.  17  May  1747;  Georye, 
posthumous,  bap.  1750.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  19  June  1750,  a.  39 ;  his  w.  Sarah 
was  prob.  the  same  who  m.  Israel  Hinds  20  Feb.  1755. 

7.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Sarah  Crosby  of  Billerica  (pub.  24   Sept. 
1748);  she  d.  2  Ap.  1756,  a.  26,  and  he  in.  Sarah  Spring  (pub.  23  Aug.  1765). 
His  children  were  a  daughter,  b.  1749,  d.  1  Jan.  1750,  a.  9  mo.;  Timothy,  bap. 


668  SWAN  —  TAYLOR. 

11  Nov.  1750;  d.  3  July  1753  ;  Sarah,  bap.  5  Jan.  1751-2,  m.  James   Con 
vers  of  Woburn  10   Sept.  1767;  Prudence,  bap.  26  May  1754,  d.  unm.   29 
July  1803  ;  Eunice,  bap.  15  Feb.  1756.     TIMOTHY  the  f.  d.  19  Oct.  1780. 

8.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (5),  m.  Mary  Mansur  of  Wat.  (pub.  13  Jan. 
1757),  and  had  Peter,  bap.  19   Feb.   1758.  d.  young;  Ebenezer,  bap.  25   Feb. 
1761,  d.  3  Feb.  1814;  Peter,  bap.  15  May  1763,  d.  Feb.  1822;   Gershom,  bap. 
23  Mar.  1766,  d.  10  Oct.   1827  (his  s.  Gershom,  Jr.,  d.  23  July  1827,  a.  36)  ; 
Timothy,  bap.  20  Aug.  1769.     EBENEZER  the  f.  d.  Aug.  1798  ;  his  w.  Mary  d. 
1  Jan.  1797. 

9.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  m.  Sarah  Williams  (pub.  1  Nov.  1760),  and 
had  Sarah,  bap.  23  May  1762;  Samuel,  bap.  30  June  1765,  d.  11  Mar.  1771; 
Thomas,  bap.  27  Dec.  1767. 

10.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Samuel  (6),  had  a  child,  b.  and  d.  30  Oct.  1770;  a  child 
b.  and  d.  4  July   1772;  Nathan,  bap.  27  June   1773;  Moses,  bap.  26    Feb. 
1775;   Walter,  b.  1   Sept.  1776,  d.  6  June  1797  ;  Martha,  bap.  17   Sept.  1780. 
NATHAN  the  f.  d.  6  Nov.  1799. 

11.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (8),  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Amos  Monroe,  b.  21 
Mar.  1795;   Timothy,  b.  1  Mar.  1796;    Varennes,\>.  20  Feb.  1798;  Roxanna, 
b.  20  Feb.  and  d.  Oct.  1800;  a  son,  b.  1804,  d.  15  Aug.  1805.     TIMOTHY  the 
f.  d.  12  Dec.  1813;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  15  Dec.  1823,  a.  54. 

12.  EBENEZER,  parentage  not  ascertained,  had  Joshua,  bap.  10  July  1743  ; 
Mary,  bap.  7  Ap.  1745,  d.  young;  Mary,  b.  1746,  d.  25  Sept.  1750;  a  daugh- 
ter b.  4  and  d.  6  Feb.  1749  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  3  and  d.  8  Mar.  1752. 

13.  JOHN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Mary,  had  John,  bap.  14  Jan. 
1776;  Reuben,  bap.  5  Ap.  1778;   William,  bap.  25  Mar.  1781;  Molly  (Mary), 
bap.  Nov.  1783,  d.  unm.  14  Sept.  1805;  Stephen,  bap.  Oct.  1785.     JOHN  the 
f.  d.  26  Oct.  1804,  a.  71;  his  w.  Mary  d.  18  Sept.  1826,  a.  82. 

14.  THOMAS,  m.  Prudence,  dau.  of  Maj.  Jonathan  Wade  of  Medf.,  and  had 
Thomas,  bap.  here  6  May  1705.     THOMAS  the  f.  was  prob.  the  grad.  H.  C. 
1689,  and  was  Register  of  Probate  1702. 

SWCETMAN,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Sweetman,  Sweateman,  Swetman, 
and  Swatman),  by  w.  Isabel,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  6  Jan.  1646-7,  m.  Benjamin 
Wellington  7  Dec.  1671  ;  Rebecca,  b.  7  Ap.  1649,  m.  Michael  Spencer  7  Dec. 
1671  ;  Mehetabel,  b.  prob.  1651  ;  Sarah,  b.  2  May  1654  ;  Thomas,  b.  18  andd. 
27  Jan.  1655-6;  Ruhamah,  b.  28  Mar.  1657;  Samuel,  b.  19  Ap.  1659,  grad. 
H.  C.  1677;  Bethia,  bap.  7  July  1661,  m.  James  Hews  of  Boston  12  Dec. 
1692  ;  Hepzibah,  b.  19  June  1666.  THOMAS  the  f .  was  a  weaver  ;  he  was  here 
as  early  as  1645,  and  res.  at  the  N.  W.  corner  of  the  present  College  grounds. 
He  d.  8  Jan.  1682-3,  a.  73.  His  w.  Isabel  was  living  12  June  1697,  and  was 
prob.  the  wid.  Swoetman  who  received  charity  from  the  Church  1691-1709, 
about  which  last  date  she  prob.  died. 

SYMMES,  MRS.  SARAH,  had  a  grant  of  land  1639.  She  appears  to  have 
been  a  lady  of  wealth,  and  a  member  of  the  Church.  She  d.  10  June  1653. 

TALCOTT,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Talcot,  Tallcott,  Tailcott,  Taylcot,  and 
Taylcott),  was  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  and  resided  on  the  easterly 
corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets;  he  was  a  large  land-holder,  and  a  man  of 
energy  and  influence;  he  was  one  of  the.  first  Board  of  Selectmen  1634-5, 
and  a  Representative  or  Deputy  in  the  first  General  Court  which  admitted 
Deputies  or  Committees,  as  they  were  first  styled  1634.  and  was  reflected  to 
the  same  office  the  two  succeeding  years ;  he  rem.  with  Hooker  to  Hartford 
1636,  and  was  one  of  the  leading  men  of  that  town  and  of  the  Connecticut 
Colony;  Selectman  1643,  1644,  and  1648;  Deputy  to  the  General  Court  1637- 
1639;  frequently  an  Assistant;  and  a  Commissioner  of  the  United  Colonies, 
1656,  1657,  1658,  1662,  and  1663.  "  He  was  the  ancestor  of  the  Talcotts  in 
Hartford,  and  of  the  former  Attorney-general  of  the  State  of  New  York." 
Hinman. 

TAYLOR,  JOHN,  by  w.  Katherine,  had  Joseph,  b.  about  1651.  JOHN  the  f. 
went  to  England  in  1671,  as  a  special  messenger  of  the  Church,  to  accompany 
the  Rev.  Urian  Oakes  across  the  Atlantic.  In  this  mission  he  contracted  a 
debt  which  afterwards  subjected  him  to  inconvenience.  In  acknowledgment 


TAYLOR  —  THATCHER.  669 

of  his  services,  the  Church  subsequently  granted  him  five  pounds.  He  was 
the  Butler  of  Harvard  College,  and  perhaps  performed  other  services  for  that 
corporation.  His  epitaph,  now  somewhat  mutilated,  bears  testimony  to  his 
worth:  "  Here  lyes  the  body  of  John  Taylor,  aged  73  years,  deceased  Sep- 
tember 6th.  1683.  He  was  a  useful  man  in  his  generation,  a  lover  of  piety,  a 
lover  of  learning,  a  faithful  servant  of  Harvard  Colledg  about  40  years." 
Aecording  to  the  Town  Records  he  d.  7  Sept.  1683.  His  w.  Katherine  d. 
between  21  Sept.  nnd  7  Nov.  1685. 

2.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1669,  was  fellow  of  the  College  1673, 
was  ordained  at  Southampton,  L.  I.,  Mar.  1680,  and  d.  4  Ap.  1682,  a.  about 
31.  He  left  sons  John,  grad.  H.  C.  1699,  styled  "of  Southampton,  gent."  in 
1700;  and  Joseph,  a  tailor,  who  was  of  Southampton  1702.  They  sold  in  1  702 
the  homestead,  formerly  of  their  grandfather,  to  Francis  Foxcroft;  it  contained 
three  acres,  and  was  on  the  southeasterly  side  of  Kirkland  Street. 

JAMES,  by  w.  Sarah,  had  William,  b.  21  Aug.  1676.  ANN,  in.  William 
Clemance  3  Ap.  1660. 

THATCHER,  SAMUEL,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Hannah,  b.  9  Oct.  1645,  m.  John 
Holmes  13  Sept.  1664,  and  d.  before  16  Ap.  1682;  Samuel,  b.  20  Oct.  1648. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  near  the  easterly  corner  of  Mount  Auburn  Street,  and 
Coolidge  Avenue  (which  until  1754  was  included  in  Wat.),  was  Deacon,  Se- 
lectman, and  Representative;  d.  30  Nov.  1669. 

2.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  1  Aug.  1681,  d. 
Majr   1682;  Samuel,  b.  8  Ap.   1683,  a  weaver,  d.  s.  p  ,  and  made  Samuel,  son 
of  his  brother  Ebenezer,  his  principal  heir  by  will  dated  13  June  1753,  proved 
7  Feb.  1775;  John,  b.  22  Jan.  1685-6,  in.  Elizabeth  Morse  24  Oct.  1712,  and 
d.  29  Feb.  1743-4;   Anna,  b.  30  Ap.  1668,  d.  22  July  1690;  Mary,  b.  17  Sept. 
1690,  m.  Joseph  Child  8  July  1713  ;  Hannah,  b.  10  Dec.  1692,  d.  unm.  3  Nov. 
1741  ;  Abigail,  b.  6  June  16*94  ;  Mercy,  b.  2  Jan.   1697-8;  Sarah,  b.  30  Nov. 
1699,  d.  unm.  13  June  1727;  Ebenezer,  b.  17  Mar.  1703-4.     SAMUEL  the  f. 
inherited  the  homestead,  was  a  Lieutenant,  and  d.  21  Oct.  1726;  his  w.  Mary 
d.  17  Aug.  1725. 

3.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Samuel  (2),  m.  Susanna  Spring  27  Jan.   1731-2,  and 
had  Samuel,  bap.  5  Nov.  1732;  Sarah,  b.  20  Feb.  1733-4,  d.  before  21  Ap.  1754; 
Mary,  b.  27  Dec.  1735,  prob.  m.  Elisha  Goddard  23  May  1758;  Ebenezer,  b. 
20  Aug.  1737,  d.  Oct.  1741  ;  Susanna,  b.  3  July  1739,  d.  Dec.  174-;  Sarah,  b. 
3  Oct.  1741,  d.  3  Sept.  1749;  Ebenezer,  b.  15'jan.  1742-3,  d   14   Sept.  174-. 
EBENEZER  the  f.  was  a  weaver,  res.  on  the  homestead,  and  d.  about  1753  ; 
administration  granted  to  w.  Susanna  26  Feb.  1753,  and  on  her  estate,  to  son 
Samuel,  21  May  1757. 

4.  SAMUEL,   s.  of  Ebenezer  (3),  m.  Mary  Brown  of  Lex.   3  Sept.  1753, 
and  had  Susanna,  bap.  18  May  1755,  m.  Jesse  Putnam  13  Feb.  1776;  Ebenezer, 
bap.  28  Sept.  1759,  d.  young;  Mary,  bap.  17  May  1767,  m.  Thomas  Payson 
12  May  1785,  d.  1805;  Elizabeth,  bap.  24  Mar.  1771,  d.  about  1792;  Samuel, 
bap.  7  July  1776  ;  Ebenezer,  bap.  18  Oct.  1778,  grad.  H.  C.  1798,  a  lawyer  in 
Thomaston,   Me.,  m.  Lucy   F.,  dau.   of   Gen.  Henry  Knox,   and  d.  in   1841. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead  (which  was  sold  by  his  heirs  to  Gov. 
Gerry,  4  Ap.  1793),  but  during  the  latter  part  of  his  life  resided  on  the  wes- 
terly corner  of  Mount  Auburn  and  Brighton  streets.     He  was  one  of  the  most 
active  citizens  in  the  Revolutionary  period,  and  succeeded  Thomas  Gardner  as 
Colonel ;  he  was  Selectman,  Treasurer,  and  Representative,  and  while  holding 
these  several  offices,  died  suddenly  of  apoplexy  27  June  1786  ;  his  w.  Mary  d. 
7  Nov.  1815,  a.  80. 

5.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (4),  b.  1  July  1776,  grad.  H.  C.  1798,  m.  Sally 
Brown  of  Concord  Jan.    1800,  and  had   Harriet  Howard,  b.   28   May   1801; 
Elizabeth,  b.   1    Ap.   1803,   d.  Jan.   1827;  Samuel,  b.  11    Feb.   1805;  George 
Augustus,  b.  24  Aug.  1806;  Benjamin  Busxey,  b.  8  Oct.  1809,  grad.  Bowdoiu 
College  1826,  d.  July  1840.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  lawyer,  settled  in  Warren, 
Me.,  in  1800,  after  a  short  residence  in  New  Gloucester;  was  a  member  of 
Congress  1801-1805,  Sheriff  1814-1821,  Representative  1824,  etc.     He  d.  18 
July  1872,  a.  96  years  and  17  days.     At  the  time  of  his  decease  he  had  been 


670  THATCHER  —  TOWNE. 

for  several  years  the  oldest  lawyer  in  Maine,  the  oldest  ex-member  of  Con- 
gress, and  the  oldest  surviving  graduate  of  Harvard  College. 

THOMPSON,  REV.  WILLIAM,  of  Braintree,  m.  Ann,  wid.  of  Simon  Crosby, 
before  1646. 

2.  HENRY,  of  Boston,  a  merchant,  m.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  Rev.  Nathaniel 
Upham,  and  dau.  of  John  Stedman,  27  Ap.  1669.     They  had,  in  Camb.,  Eliz- 
abeth, b.  29  Jan.   1669-70,   d.    young;  and   in  Boston,    Dorothy,  b.   26  Oct. 
1671,  m.  Samuel  Shove  16  Nov.  1692,  and  Samuel  Burr  of  Chs.  16  Dec.  1700, 
and  d.  20  Feb.  1701-2;  Henry,  b.  23  Oct.  1673,  d.  in  Camb.  17  Sept.  1690; 
Alice,  b.  8  Sept.  1677,  d.  young.     After  Mr.  Thompson's  death  his  wid.  m. 
John   Sharp,  also  a  merchant,  whom  she  survived,  and  d.  in  Camb.  9  Mar. 
1699-1700.     See  STEDMAN,  JOHN. 

3.  ALEXANDER,  by  w.  Martha,  had  Samuel,  b.  13  Oct.  1744  ;  John,  b.  31 
May  1748. 

4.  EBENEZER,  by  w.  Rhoda,  had  Ebenezer,  b.  5  Mar.  1795;  Hannah  Locke 
b.  22  Mar.  1797. 

Lois,  m.  Samuel  Chandler  19  Ap.  1759.  EUNICE,  m.  Richard  Hunne- 
well  21  June  1764,  and  d.'l9  Feb.  1806. 

THURSTON,  DANIEL,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Robert  Stedman,  1  Ap.  1674,  and 
had  Daniel,  b.  11  Ap.  1676.  They  prob.  removed  soon,  for  they  sold  to  John 
Stedman,  Jr.,  2  Nov.  1676  all  right  in  the  estate  of  Robert  Stedman,  deceased, 
and  the  name  disappears. 

TIDD,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Teed  and  Tead),  was  of  Chs.  1644,  and 
had  sons  John  and  James.  Perhaps  he  was  the  same  who  d.  at  Woburn  24 
Ap.  1657. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Rebecca  Wood  14  Ap.  1650,  and  had  in  Wo- 
burn, Hannah,  b.  21  Sept.  1652,  m.  Joseph  Smith  of  Wat.  1  Dec.  1674;  John, 
b.  26  Feb.  1654;  Mary,  b.  13  Nov.  1656,  m.  Joshua  Simonds  of  Lex.  ;  Sam- 
uel, b.  16  June  1659,  d.  unm.  9  May  1699;  Joseph,  b.  20  Jan.  1660,  Daniel, 
b.  about  1662;  Rebecca,  b.  about  1665,  m.  Thomas  Blodgett  and  res.  in  Lex. 
JOHN  the  f.  rem.  to  the  Farms  about  1686,  and  d.  12  Ap.  1703,  a.  78;  his  w. 
Rebecca  d.  10  Jan.  1717,  a.  92. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (2),  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  by  w.  Mary  had  Mary,  b. 
21  Jan.  1704-5;  Joseph,  b.  15  May  1707  ;  Samuel,  b.  29  May  1709;  Sarah,  b. 

19  Nov.  1711  ;  Betty,  b.  29  May  1714;  Mercy,  b.  ,  m.  David  Cutler.     His 

w.  Mary  d.  9  Jan.  1716-17,  and  he  m.  a  second  Mary,  who  survived  him  ten 
days.     He  d.  26  Dec.  1730,  a.  69  ;  and  she  d.  5  Jan.  1730-31,  a.  59. 

4.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),   res.  at  the  Farms,   and  by  w.  Lydia  had 
Daniel  and  Mary.     DANIEL  the  f.  d.  29  Nov.  1696;  his  w.  Lydia  d."l4  Aug. 
1727,  a.  55. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.   of  Joseph  (3),  by  w.  Dorothy  had  Mary,  b.  7  Jan.  1732; 
Joseph,  b.  11  May  1734;  Ebenezer,  b.  16  Aug.  1737,  removed  to  New  Brain- 
tree;  Sarah,  b.  8  Mar.  1739;  Benjamin,  b.  21  June  1742;  John,  b.  26  Oct. 
1749.     JOSEPH  the  f.  resided  in  Lex.,  and  d.   18  Sept.  1773,  a.  66;  his  w. 
Dorothy  d.  23  Oct.  1790,  a.  78. 

6.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (4),  m.  Hepzibah,  dau.  of  Capt.  William  Reed,  9 
Ap.  1724,  and  had  a  son,  b.  22  and  d.  24  Jan.  1724-5;  Daniel,  b.  26  Feb. 
1725-6;   Amos,   b.    12  Jan.    1728-9;  Hepzibah,  b.  22  Aug.   1730,  m.  Jonas 
Wyeth  29  Mar.  1753;  Lydia,  b.  6  July  1732;  John,  b.  13  Sept.  1734,  d.  27 
Nov.  1743;   William,  b.  11  July  1736;  Abigail,  b.  12  Jan.  1737-8;  Samuel,  b. 
12  Jan.  1740-41;  Betty,  b.  24  Oct.  1742.     DANIEL  the  f.  resided  in  Lex.,  and 
d.  16  Jan.  1776;  his  w.  Hepzibah  d.  11  Ap.  1777,  a.  71. 

7.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Daniel  (6),  d.  at  Lex.  25  Dec.  1826,  a.  91;  his  w.  Ruth 
Munroe  d.  14  May  1839,  a.  97.     They  had  only  one  child,  Ruth,  bap.  11  Jan. 
1767,  m.  Nathan  Chandler  4  Oct.  1785,  and  d.  15  Sept.  1846. 

TOMLINS,  TIMOTHY,  owned  land  south  of  the  river  in  1635.  He  was 
probably  the  same  who  was  of  Lynn  in  1633,  and  a  Representative.  If  he 
removed  here,  he  appears  to  have  returned  to  Lynn. 

TOWNE,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Town  and  Towen),  was  an  early  in- 
habitant. By  w.  Martha  he  had  Peter,  b.  in  England,  and  Mary,  b.  here 


TOWNE— TROWBRIDGE.  671 

Sept.  1637,  and  admitted  to  the  Church  4  Nov.  1659  ;  his  residence  was  on 
the  easterly  side  of  Dunster  Street,  between  Harvard  Square  and  Mount 
Auburn  Street,  until  about  1653,  when  he  sold  his  homestead  to  the  widow 
Banbrick,  and  bought  of  David  Stone  the  estate  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Gar- 
den and  Mason  streets ;  he  was  long  the  Sexton  of  the  Church.  He  d.  30 
Mar.  ("or  Ap.  ;  Sewall  says  he  was  buried  1  May)  1685,  a.  80;  his  w.  Martha 
d.  20  Jan.  1673-4. 

2.  PETER,  s.  of  William  (1),  was  by  trade  a  cooper,  and  had  w.  Joanna  in 
1687,  and  a  second  w.  Elizabeth,  but  no  children ;  he  resided  on  the  S.  W. 
corner  of  Winthrop  and  Brighton  streets;  he  was  Constable  five  years  be- 
tween 1668  and  1694,  and  Selectman  1695.  He  d.  2  Nov.  1705,  a.  (accord- 
ing to  his  gravestone)  72.  years  and  10  months;  his  w.  Elizabeth  was  living 
in  Braintree  4  Mar.  1723-4,  when  she  sold  her  life-estate  in  the  property  of 
her  husband.  By  his  will,  dated  28  May  1705,  Mr.  Towne  seems  to  have  been 
both  a  slaveholder  and  an  abolitionist.  He  ordered  that  his  three  negro  slaves 
should  become  free  ;  one  was  to  be  free  as  soon  as  he  should  recover  from  his 
sickness,  and  in  the  meantime  to  be  carefully  provided  for;  one  in  four  years, 
and  the  third,  who  was  young,  in  seven  years.  Each  of  his  slaves  was  to  re- 
ceive a  legacy  of  ten  pounds  on  the  day  of  his  freedom.  A  legacy  of  three 
pounds  was  bestowed  on  a  former  slave.  After  the  death  of  his  wife,  who 
was  to  have  a  life  estate  in  his  property,  he  bequeathed  his  estate  to  his 
cousins,  John  Howard,  Nathaniel  Howard,  Joseph  Howard,  Elisha  Howard, 
and  Mary  Mitchell,  all  of  Bridgewater,  —  with  the  special  provision  that 
Joseph  Howard  should  have  twenty  pounds  more  than  either  of  the  other 
legatees,  if  he  would  make  his  slave,  Stephen,  free;  otherwise  he  should  have 
no  part  of  the  real  estate,  which  was  appraised  at  £307.  This  provision  was 
probably  complied  with;  for  the  heirs  of  Joseph,  having  acquired  the  rights 
of  the  other  legatees,  sold  the  real  estate  8  Mar.  1723-4  to  John  Bradish. 

TROWBRIDGE,  JAMES,  son  of  Thomas,  was  born  at  Dorchester  about  1636, 
and  baptized  1638.  He  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Major  Humphrey  Atherton,  30 
Dec.  1659;  she  d.  17  Aug.  1672,  and  he  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Deac.  John 
Jackson,  30  Jan.  1674.  His  children  were,  in  Dorchester,  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Oct. 
1660,  m.  John  Mirick  9  Feb.  1681-2;  Mindivell,  b.  20  June  1662,  m.  Jona- 
than Fuller  2  May  1684;  and  in  Camb.,  John,  b.  22  May  1664,  m.  Sarah ; 

Margaret,  b.  30  Ap.  1666,  m.  Hon.  Ebenezer  Stone  18  Mar.  1686;  Thankful, 
b.  4  Mar.  1667-8,  m.  Deac.  Richard  Ward  1690;  Mary,  b.  11  June  1670,  m. 
Stedman;  Hannah,  b.  15  June  1672,  m.  John  Greenwood,  Esq.;  Experi- 
ence,}). 1  Nov.  1675,  m.  Samuel  Wilson;  Thomas,  b.  10  Dec.  1677;  Deliverance, 
b.  30  Dec.  1679,  m.  Eleazar  Ward;  James,  b.  1682,  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of 

Abraham  Jackson,  and  d.  1714;  William,  b.  1684,  m.  Sarah ,  and  d.  1744; 

Abigail,  b.  11  Ap.  1687;  Caleb,  b.  7  Nov.  1692,  grad.  H.  C.  1710,  ordained  at 
Groton  2  Mar.  1714-15,  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Thomas  Oliver,  Esq.,  10  Mar. 
1714-15,  by  whom  he  had  Oliver,  b.  16  May  1716,  d.  28  Sept.  1723,  and  after- 
wards m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Rev.  Nehemiah  Walter  of  Roxbury,  by  whom  he 
had  four  sons  and  four  daughters,  and  d.  9  Sept.  1760.  JAMES  the  f.  rem. 
to  that  part  of  Camb.  which  is  now  Newton  about  1664,  was  Lieutenant, 
Clerk  of  the  Writs,  and  Deac.  of  the  Church;  he  was  also  a  Representative 
of  Newton  1700,  1703,  and  a  Selectman  of  the  Village  nine  years  from  1679. 
He  d.  22  May  1717,  a.  81  ;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  16  Sept.  1727,  a.  78. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  James  (1),   m. ,  and  had  John;  he  m.   (2d)  Mary 

Goffe  of  Cambridge,  dau.  of  Edward  and  granddaughter  of  Samuel,  and  had 
Edmund,  b.  1709,  H.  C.  1728,  an  eminent  lawyer,  Attorney-general  and 
Judge  of  the  Superior  Court,  Representative  and  Councillor,  m.  Martha, 
dau.  of  Hon.  Jonathan  Remington,  15  Mar.  1737-8,  and  d.  s.  p.  2  Ap.  1793;  * 
his  w.  Martha  d.  31  July  1772  ;  Lydia,  b.  1710,  m.  Richard  Dana,  Esq.,  31 
May  1737,  was  mother  of  Chief  Justice  Dana,  and  d.  at  Newton  7  Ap.  1776 ; 

1  The  exact  relationship  of  Judge  Trow-  the  Probate  Records  and  Files  in  Middlesex 

bridge  to  the  Goffe  family  has  long  been  in-  County,  and  from  the  Records  of  the  Supe- 

volved   in   obscurity;   it  even   escaped   the  rior  Court  under  date  of  January  and  July 

scrutiny  of  Savage.     It  is  now  gleaned  from  1726. 


672  TROWBRIDGE  —  TRUESDALE  —  TRUMBULL. 

Mary,  b.  1715,  m.  Ebenezer  Chamberlin  1733.  THOMAS  the  f.  m.  (3d)  Su- 
sanna   ,  and  had  Abigail,  b.  ;  he  is  styled,  on  the  Probate  Records, 

both  of  Newton  and  of  New  London;  he  d.  about  1725.  Guardians  were 
appointed  to  his  children  7  Mar.  1725;  his  w.  Susanna  m.  William  Bodding- 
ton  and  removed  to  Framingham  before  15  Ap.  1730. 

3.  JOHN,  s,  of  Thomas  (2),  m.  Mehetabel  Eaton  at  Framingham  where 

he  had  Mehetabel,  b.  26  Jan.  1725-6,  m.  Gates;  Mary,  b.  27  July  1728, 

m.  Amos  Gates  28  Nov.  1744;  John,b.  22  May  1730;  Lydia,  b.  24  Dec.  1 731 ,  m. 
Ralph  Hemenway  7  Jan.  1752  ;  Thomas,  b.  1  Ap.  1734  ;  Ruth,  b.  3  Mar.  1736, 
m.  Peter  Rice.    JOHN  the  f  d.  19  May  1762  ;  his  w.  Mehetabel  d.  Mar.  1777. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  resided  at  Framingham,  m.   Margaret  Farrar  27 
Mar.  1751,  and  had  John,  b.  12  Feb.  1752  ;  Peggy,  b.  17  Mar.   1754,  m.  Abel 
Stone,  and  (2d)  John  Jones;  Joshua,   b.   20   Feb.   1756;  Mary,  b.  10  July 
1758,  m.  Luther  Stone;  Martha,  b.  8  Feb.  and  d.  6  May  1772;  Daniel,  b.  1 
Feb.  1764;  Martha,  b.  7  Oct.  1766,  m.   Dr.  Gambell  of  Amherst ;  Nelly,  b.  7 
and  d.  18  Feb.  1769  ;  Lydia,  b.  4  Oct.  1770,  d.  young ;  Nelly,  twin,  b.  4  Oct. 
1770,  m.  Aaron  P.  Edgell.    JOHN  the  f.  was  a  Colonel.  Selectman,  and  Treas- 
urer; he  d.  22  May  1807,  a.  77 ;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  6  Mar.  1774. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  was  of  Framingham,  m.  Mary  Bent  23  Ap.  1776, 
and  had   Edmund,   b.  30   Ap.   1777;  John,   b.   12  June   1778;  Josiah,  b.  28 
Sept.  1785,  a  physician  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  and  was  Mayor  of  that  City;    Wil- 
liam, b.   20  June   1791.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  Colonel,  Selectman,  Treasurer, 
and  Representative;  he  d.    1826  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  1844,  a.  about  89.     For  a 
more  full  account  of  this  family  in  Framingham,  see  Barry's  Hist. 

6.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  established  himself  as  a  merchant  in  Camb.  before 
6  May  1804,  at  which  date  he  m.   Sarah  How  of  Framingham,  and  had  John 
H.,  b.  9  May  1807;  Sarah  R.,  b.  18  March  1809,  m.  Dr.  Charles   F.  Chaplin 
11  Nov.  1835;  Mary  E.,  b.   22  June  1811,  m.  Newell  Bent  19  June  1833; 
Charles  S.,  b.  20  July  1814.     JOHN   the  f.  d.  28  Jan.  1841;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  15 
Oct.  1839,  a.  59. 

TRUESDALK,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Trusedale,  Trusdale,  Trusdall, 
Trusdel,  and  Trewsdale),  freeman  1635,  was  of  Boston,  butcher,  and  Deacon 
of  the  First  Church;  member  of  Third  Church  1669.  He  d.  apparently  without 
issue,  before  1672,  at  which  date  his  wid.  Mary  executed  a  will  (proved  26 
Nov.  1674),  bestowing  legacies  on  cousin  William  Emblin,  brother  John  Hood, 
Richard,  son  of  Samuel  Trusdall,  £50,  and  William,  son  of  William  Gilbert, 
£50.  William  Gilbert  presented  the  inventory  "  of  the  estate  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Trusdall,  his  late  Ant,"  30  Jan.  1674-5. 

2.  SAMUEL,  nephew  of  Richard  (1),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  John  Jackson,  and 

had  Richard,  b.  16  July  1672  ;  Mary,  b.  30  Nov.  1673,  m.  Foot;  Samuel, 

b.  13  Oct.  1675,  m.  Elizabeth ,  and  d.  at  Newton   about  1731;  Mindwell, 

b.  31  Aug.   1676;  Rebecca,  b.  25  Mar.   1678;  Experience,  b.  8  Aug.   1680; 
Thomas,  b.  27  Ap.   1682;  Ebenezer,  b.  1685.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  on  the 
south  side  of  the  river  (Newton),  and  d.  2  Mar.  1695. 

3.  RICHARD,  brother  to  Samuel  (2),  and  brother-in-law  to  William  Gilbert, 
as  is  indicated  by  certain  records  in  an  old  account-book  formerly  owned  by 
Andrew  Bordman,  in.  Katherine  Halton  in   England  29  May  1673,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  10  Feb.  1673-4,  m.  Andrew  Bordman  17  Dec.   1697,  and  d.  16 
Aug.  1760 ;  Richard,  b.  8  June  1675,  "  and  was  buried  in  the  sea  the  14th  day 
of  June  1675."     RICHARD  the  f.  "arrived  at  Boston  in  New  England  21  day 

of  June  1675;  "  he  seems  to  have  died  soon  afterwards,  and   his  w.  m. 

Greenleaf,  by  whom  she  had  Joseph,  and  perhaps  others;  she  survived  her 
second  husband,  came  to  live  with  her  son-in-law,  Bordman,  in  May  1705,  and 
d.  28  Aug.  1712,  aged  62. 

TRUMBULL,  JOHN,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Elizabeth,  b.  June  1638;  John,  b. 
4  Aug.  1641;  Hannah,  b.  10  Dec.  1642;  Mary,  b.  9  Feb.  1644-5;  James,  b.  7 
Dec.  1647.  JOHN  the  f.  was  a  ship-master,  and  resided  on  the  southerly  side 
of  South  Street,  at  its  intersection  with  Holyoke  Street;  he  removed  to  Chs. 
before  May  1655,  where  he  was  living  at  the  age  of  80,  as  appears  by  his  dep- 
osition dated  27  Ap.  1686.  Elizabeth,  prob.  his  wid.,  d.  at  Chs.  169*6,  a.  86. 


UPHAM  —  USHER.  673 

UPHAM,  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Deac.  John  Upham  of  Maiden,  m.  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  John  Stedman,  5  Mar.  1661-2,  and  d.  on  the  20th  day  of  the  same 
month.  He  had  preached  for  a  time  at  Maiden.  His  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Henry 
Thompson  27  Ap.  1669,  and  afterwards  m.  John  Sharp. 

2.  WILLIAM,  of  Pomfret,  Conn.,  but  prob.  of  the  Maiden  family,  m.  Naomi, 
dau.  of  Daniel  Dana,  21  June  1721. 

USHER,  HEZEKIAH,  in  1642  res.  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and  Win- 
throp  streets,  but  rein,  to  Boston  about  1645.  By  w.  Frances  he  had  in  Camb., 
Hezekiah,  b.  June  1639;  John,  b.  It  Sept.  1643,  d.  Dec.  1645;  and  in  Boston, 
Elizabeth,  b.  1  Feb.  1645-6;  John,  b.  17  Ap.  1648.  His  w.  Frances  d.  25  Ap. 
1652,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Rev.  Zechariah  Symmes  of  Chs.,  2  Nov. 
1652,  and  had  Hannah,  b.  29  Dec.  1653  ;  Zechariah,  b.  26  Dec.  1654.  After 
the  death  of  his  second  wife  he  m.  widow  Mary  Butler,  who  survived  him.  He 
had  also  dau.  Sarah,  who  m.  Jonathan  Tyng,  and  dau.  Rebecca,  who  m.  Abra- 
ham Brown  1  May  1660;  one  of  his  daughters,  perhaps  Elizabeth,  m.  Samuel 
Shrimpton,  as  is  manifest  from  his  will,  and  the  will  of  his  son  Hezekiah,  in 
both  of  which  the  relationship  is  mentioned.  Mr.  Usher  removed  to  Boston 
about  1645,  and  was  Representative  for  Billerica  three  years,  1671-1673. 
Thomas  (Hist.  Printing,  ii.  409)  says,  "  Hezekiah  Usher  was  the  first  book- 
seller in  English  America,  of  whom  I  can  find  any  account."  He  d.  May 
1676.  In  his  will,  dated  11  May  and  proved  19  May  1676,  he  names  w.  Mary; 
sons  Hezekiah  and  John  ;  dau.  Sarah,  w.  of  Jonathan  Tyng,  and  her  children 
John  and  Mary ;  grandchildren  Hezekiah  and  Elizabeth  Brown,  and  Elizabeth, 
dau.  of  John  Usher;  son-in-law  Samuel  Shrimpton;  brother  Samuel  Usher  of 
England;  sister  Elizabeth,  w.  of  John  Harwood,  and  her  children;  brother 
Willis  and  wife;  Robert  Usher  and  his  sister  Elizabeth ;  and  many  others.  He 
left  a  large  property;  his  inventory  being  £15,358  192,  from  which  a  deduc- 
tion was  to  be  made  for  debts  £1,325  176. 

2.  HEZEKIAH,  s.  of  Hezekiah  (1),  was  one  of  those  unhappy  men  who  seem 
born  to  disappointment.  He  engaged  largely  in  land  speculations,  indulging 
sanguine  hopes  of  finding  rich  mines  of  the  precious  metals,  but  his  success 
answered  not  his  expectations.  When  about  40  years  old,  he  m.  Bridgett, 
wid.  of  Leonard  Hoar,  Pres.  of  Harvard  College,  and  dau.  of  Lord  Lisle,  one 
of  Cromwell's  Peers.  This  marriage  was  unfortunate  for  both  parties  ;  he 
was  unwilling  to  conform  to  her  expensive  style  of  living,  and  she  appears  to 
have  had  just  cause  to  doubt  the  orthodoxy  of  his  faith,  a  point  in  which  she 
was  very  tenacious,  and  for  which  she  was  held  in  the  highest  esteem  by  the 
clergy  and  magistrates.  Their  situation  became  so  uncomfortable,  that  she 
embarked  for  England,  and  did  not  return  during  his  life.  Judge  Sewall 
records  her  departure  thus:  "  1687.  Tuesday  July  12.  I  go  to  Mr.  Usher's 
about  5  mane.  About  7  or  eight  we  go  on  board,  the  ship  being  under  sail. 
Go  with  them  to  Alderton's  Point.  Go  in  the  ship,  Mr.  Wharton,  Sam.  New- 
man, Mr.  Charles  Morton,  Mr.  Wooddrop,  Mrs.  Bridgett  Usher,  and  her  daugh- 
ter Mrs.  Bridgett  Hoar,  and  others.  Had  an  extraordinary  good  wind.  Mr. 
Usher  wept  at  taking  leave  of 's  wife  and  daughter.  Before  went  from  Mr. 
Usher's,  Mr.  Moodey  went  to  prayer  in  behalf  of  those  going  to  sea,  and  those 
staying  behind,  in  a  very  heavenly  manner."  (Am.  Quart.  Reg.,  xi.  269). 
After  her  departure,  Mr.  Usher  seems  to  have  resided  for  a  time  at  Groton, 
where,  as  I  judge  from  the  names  of  the  witnesses,  he  executed  his  will,  dated 
at  Nonacoicos  17  Aug.  1639,  in  which  his  dissatisfaction  at  the  conduct  of 
his  wife  is  clearly  manifested.  Professing  a  willingness  to  forgive  her,  how- 
ever, he  says,  "  To  my  wife,  if  she  comes  over  to  New  England  before  she 
heareth  of  my  death,  with  a  intention  in  love  to  live  with  me,  then  I  bestow  on 
her  300£."  After  recapitulating  a  long  list  of  grievances,  he  appropriates  a 
sum  of  money  for  the  publication  of  his  letters  and  other  writings,  "  as  to  the 
evil  of  having  a  wife  only  in  name,  and  to  seek  themselves  in  a  way  of  separa- 
tion from  their  husbands,  or  the  government  of  wives  to  their  husbands,  or 
the  duty  of  wives  to  their  husbands,  &c."  But  this  was  not  his  only  nor  his 
last  trouble.  Whether  his  habits  of  life  were  naturally  eccentric,  or  whether 
they  became  so  in  consequence  of  his  domestic  unhappiness,  for  some  reason, 
43 


674  USHER  — VASSALL. 

notwithstanding  his  general  good  reputation,  he  became  a  subject  of  suspicion 
and  narrowly  escaped  a  public  execution.  Thomas  says:  "  In  1692,  a  respect- 
able man,  whose  name  was  Hezekiah  Usher,  was  accused  of  witchcraft,  in  con- 
sequence of  which  accusation  he  was  ordered  to  be  confined  in  the  common 
prison;  but  on  account  of  the  goodness  of  his  character,  he  was,  by  connivance, 
allowed  to  secrete  himself  in  the  house  of  a  friend,  and  afterward  to  escape 
out  of  the  hands  of  his  persecutors,  until  the  delusion  or  madness  of  the  times 
in  part  subsided."  (Hist.  Printing,  ii.  410,  note.)  He  closed  his  troubled  life 
"  at  Lynn,  July  llth,  was  brought  to  Boston  and  laid  in  his  father's  tomb  July 
14th,  1697."  (Sewall.~)  His  w.  Bridgett  probably  remained  in  England  until 
after  she  heard  of  his  death.  Rev.  Benjamin  Woodbridge  testified  4  Jan. 
1697-8,  that  he  saw  her  in  London,  two  years  before,  at  the  house  of  her 
daughter's  husband,  Mr.  Thomas  Cotton.  She  subsequently  returned,  and 
lived  in  much  honor  at  Boston,  where  she  d.  25  May  1723,  having  survived 
her  first  husband  nearly  half  a  century,  in  whose  grave  she  directed  that  her 
body  should  be  placed,  rather  than  in  the  tomb  with  Mr.  Usher.  The  Sex- 
ton's Monitor  gives  the  inscription  on  the  monument  of  Dr.  Hoar,  who  d. 
28  Nov.  1675,  aged  45,  which  closes  thus:  "  His  pious  and  aged  widow,  the 
late  Madam  Usher,  was  brought  hither  from  Boston,  and  interred  in  the  same 
grave,  according  to  her  desire,  May  30,  1723." 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Hezekiah  (1),  was  a  bookseller  in  Boston;    he  became  a 
Colonel,  was  one  of  the  Andros  Council,  Treasurer  of  Massachusetts,  and 
Lieutenant-governor  of  New  Hampshire.     Towards  the  close  of  life  he  re- 
moved to  Medford,  resided  on  what  has  since  been  known  as  the  Royall  Farm. 
He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Peter  Lidgett,  by  whom  he  had  one  daughter  Eliz- 
abeth, who  m.   David  Jeffries  15   Sept.   1686,   and  d.    17  June  1698,  leaving 
eight  children.     Mr.  Usher  m.  (2d)  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Samuel  Allen, 
Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  by  whom  he  had  John;  Hezekiah,  who  resided 
in  Boston;  Elizabeth,  m.  Stephen  Harris  of  Boston;  Frances,  m.  Rev.  Joseph 
Parsons  of  Bradford.     JOHN  the  f.  d.  at  Medf.  5  Sept.  1726;  his  w.  Elizabeth 
d.  5  July  1753. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  grad.  H.  C.  1719,  "was  a  missionary  from  the 
Society  in  England  for  propagating  the  Gospel  for  half  a  century,  and  d.  in 
Bristol,  R.  I.,  at  the  age  of  75  years,  in  1775."     Alden's  Epitaphs,  Note. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  b.  about  1720,  grad.  H.  C.  1743,  was  an  Episco- 
pal Clergyman  at  Bristol,  R.  I.     His  epitaph  is  given  by  Alden:  "  Sacred  to 
the  memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Usher,  late  Rector  of  this  Church,  who  departed 
this  life  5  July  1804  in  hope  and  full  assurance  of  a  resurrection  to  a  better, 
aged  84  years;  a  kind  and  tender  parent,  an  ardent,  active  and  faithful  friend, 
a -just  and  generous  man,  and  sincere  Christian,"  etc.     Mr.  Alden  adds, 
that  "he  was  a  descendant,  according  to  family  tradition,  from  the  learned 
James  Usher,  Archbishop  of  Armagh."     If  this  be  true,  Hezekiah  (1)  must 
have  been  son  or  grandson  of  the  Archbishop;  but  James  is  not  a  family  name 
among  his  descendants  so  far  as  I  have  seen. 

VASSALL,  JOHN,  s.  of  Major  Leonard  Vassall,  was  born  in  the  West  Indies 
7  Sept.  1713,  and  grad.  H.  C.  1732.  He  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Lt.-gov.  Spen- 
cer Phips,  10  Oct.  1734;  she  d.  22  Sept.  1739,  and  he  m.  Lucy,  only  daughter 
of  Jonathan  Barron  of  Chelmsford.  His  chil.  were  Ruth,  b.  14  July  1737, 
m.  Edward  Davis  of  Boston  20  May  1756,  and  d.  23  Jan.  1774;  John,  b.  12 
June  1738;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Sept.  1739,  m.  Thomas  Oliver  of  Dorchester  11 
June  1760,  who  afterwards  rem.  to  Camb.  and  was  the  last  Lt.-gov.  of  Massa- 
chusetts appointed  by  the  King;  Lucy,  b.  15  Nov.  1747,  m.  John  Lavicourt  of 
Antigua  16  June  1768.  JOHN  the  f.  bought,  26  July  1736,  a  house  and  seven 
acres  of  land  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash  streets,  which  estate 
he  sold  30  Dec.  1741  to  his  brother  Henry,  having  probably,  in  the  mean  time, 
either  erected  or  much  enlarged  the  house  now  owned  and  occupied  by 
Samuel  Batchelder,  Esq.;  he  afterwards,  17  Jan.  1746,  bought  six  and  a 
half  acres  on  the  opposite  side  of  Brattle  Street;  he  was  a  Colonel,  and 


VASSALL  —  VINCENT  -  WADSWORTH.  675 

Representative.     He  d.  27  Nov.  1747; l  his  w.  Lucy  m.  Benjamin  Ellery  22 
Nov.  1749,  and  d.  19  Oct.  1752. 

2.  HENRY,  a.  of  Major  Leonard  Vassall,  was  born  in  the  West  Indies  25 
Dec.  1721,  in.  Penelope,  dau.  of  Isaac  Royall,  28  Jan.  1742,  and  had  Elizabeth, 
b.  1742,  m.  Dr.  Charles  Russell  15  Feb.  1768,  and  d.  23  Feb.  1802:  Penelope, 
d.  young.     HENRY  the  f.  was  also  a  Colonel  and  Representative,  resided  in 
the  fine  old  mansion  still  standing  at  the  westerly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Ash 
streets,  and  d.  17  Mar.  1769;  his  w.  Penelope  d.  in  Boston  19  Nov.  1800,  a. 
76. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (1),  grad.  II.  C.   1757,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Robert 
Oliver  (and  sister  to  the   Lt.-governor)   12  June   1761,  and  had  John,  b.  7 
May  1762;  Spencer  Thomas,  b.  7  Ap.  1764;   Thomas  Oliver,  b.  12  Ap.  1766; 
Elizabeth,  bap.  5  July  1767,  d.  5  Jan.   1768  ;  Robert  Oliver,  b.  28  May  1769; 
Elizabeth,  b.   5  May  1771;    Leonard,  b.   1773,  d.   7  Nov.   1775;  Mary,b.  in 
London  26  Mar.  1777.     JOHN  the  f.  erected  the  stately  edifice  known  as  the 
Washington  Head-quarters,  now  the  homestead  of  Professor  Henry  W.  Long- 
fellow, which  he  abandoned  at  the  commencement  of  the  Revolution  and  fled 
with  his  family  to  England,  where  he  d.  suddenly  2  Oct.  1797.     He  had  large 
possessions  in  Camb.  and  Boston,   all  which  were  confiscated,  and   himself 
exiled,  soon  after  he  departed  from  home.     For  a  full  account  of  the  Vassall 
Family,  see  N.  Eng.  Hist  Gen.  Reg.,  xvii.  56-61,  113-128. 

VINCENT,  HUMPHREY,  in  1635  owned  a  house  and  garden  on  the  south- 
erly side  of  Winthrop  Street,  between  Brighton  and  Dunster  streets,  and 
other  lots  in  the  West  End  Field  and  Pine  Swamp.  Before  1642  he  removed 
to  Ipswich,  and  sold  his  house  and  lands  to  John  Moore;  he  received  a  grant 
of  land  in  Ipswich  1638,  and  d.  5  Dec.  1664. 

WADSWORTH,  WILLIAM,  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  and  one  of  the 
first  Board  of  Townsmen  or  Selectmen  in  Feb.  1634-5,  res.  on  the  westerly 
side  of  Holyoke  Street,  near  Harvard  Street.  He  rem.  with  Hooker  to  Hart- 
ford, and  sold  his  house  to  Elder  Champney  25  Sept.  1637;  he  was  a  dis- 
tinguished citizen  of  Connecticut,  Selectman,  Deputy  in  the  General  Court, 
and  useful  in  other  offices.  His  second  wife  was  Elizabeth,  sister  of  Rev. 
Samuel  Stone,  whom  he  m.  2  July  1644,  and  by  whom  he  had  Elizabeth,  b.  17 
May  1645,  m.  John  Terry  of  Windsor  1662;  Samuel,  bap.  25  Oct.  1646;  Sa- 
rah, bap.  17  Mar.  1649,  m.  Jonathan  Ashley  of  Springfield;  Joseph,  b.  1650, 
the  bold  patriot  who  wrested  the  Charter  from  the  rapacious  grasp  of  Andros, 
and  secreted  it  in  the  memorable  oak  31  Oct.  1687;  Thomas,  b.  1651;  Re- 
becca, m. Stoughton.  WILLIAM  the  f.  d.  1675,  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  1681-2. 

Hinman. 

2.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Capt.  Samuel  Wadsworth  of  Milton,  who  was  slain  in 
battle,  by  the  Indians,  at  Sudbury  1676,  and  grandson  of  Christopher  of  Dux- 
bury,  was  born  at  Milton  1669,  grad.  H.  C.  1690,  was  ordained  at  Boston  as 

1  A  receipt  recorded  in  the  Middlesex  do.,  a  pair  of  pocket  pistols,  holsters,  and 

Registry  of  Probate  (xliv.  201),  serves  to  caps,  saddlcgirt,  brass  stirrups,  a  silver 

illustrate  the  fashion  of  dress  worn  by  the  billed  sword,  a  gun,  riding  pistols,  a  silver 

aristocracy,  in  Col.  Vassall's  time: —  watch,  an  old  green  coat,  a  black  velvet 

"Cambr.  Nov.  7.  1752.  Then  received  jacket,  a  book-case:  all  which  were  left  in 

of  Mr.  Benjamin  Elery  of  Camb.  the  articles  the  possession  of  the  said  Vassall's  widow, 

hereafter  mentioned,  given  bv  the  last  and  whereof  the  said  Elery  is  hereby  dis- 

will  and  testament  of  Col.  John  Vassall  late  charged,  and  from  all  demands  for  the  same, 

of  said  town  Esq.,  deceased,  to  his  son  John  Witness  our  hands. 


Vassall,    viz.,    his    library,   watch,  sword, 
and   arms,    a   velvet  coat    laced,   an    em-    RICHARD  BILL, 
broidered  jacket,  silk  breeches,  a  blue  vel-    JOSHUA  HENSHAW, 
vet  coat  with  gold  lace,  a  camblet  coat,  a 


Executors  of  the  last 
will  and  testament  of 
the  said  John  VassaU, 
Esq. 


flowered  silk  coat  and  breeches,  a  paduasoy  "Nov.  7,  1752.    I,  Spencer  Phips,  Esq., 

waistcoat  and  breeches,  scarlet  breeches,  a  guardian  to  John  Vassall  (son  of  Col.  John 

scarlet  coat,  a  fustian  coat,  a  cloth  coat,  an  Vassall  abovenamed),  do  hereby  ncknowl- 

old  waistcoat,  a  pair  of  new  cloth  breeches,  edge  that  I  have  received  of  the  executors 

a  banyan,  an  old  greatcoat,  eighteen  pairs  before   named    the    several   articles   above 

of  white  ribbed  stockings,  one  pair  of  wor-  enumerated  for  and  on  behalf  of   the  said 

sted  do.,  a  pair  of  boots,  a  pair  of  spurs,  a  John,  my  pupil,  and  shall  account  with  him 

trooping  saddle,  one  laced  hat,  one  plain  for  the  same.                            S.  PHIPS." 


676  WADSWORTH— WARD. 

pastor  of  the  First  Church  8  Sept.  1696,  inaugurated  President  of  Harvard 
College  1725;  during  his  Presidency  he  resided  here.  He  m.  Ruth,  dau.  of 
Andrew  Bordman,  30  Dec.  1696,  who  survived  him,  and  d.  17  Feb.  1744-5,  a. 
72.  President  Wadsworth  d.  16  Mar.  1736-7,  "  in  the  68th  year  of  his  age, 
and  the  12th  of  his  presidency  over  Harvard  College,  leaving  behind  him  a 
character  in  which  there  appears  much  to  love  and  respect,  and,  to  human 
eyes,  nothing  to  condemn."  (Petrce.)  He  left  no  posterity.  By  his  will,  dated 
15  Feb.  1736-7,  he  distributed  his  estate,  naming  as  legatees,  his  w.  Ruth; 
brothers  Timothy  and  Joseph,  and  Andrew  Bordman,  who  by  special  direc- 
tion was  to  be  regarded  as  one  of  his  natural  brethren,  sister  Ruth,  w.  of 
Bryant  Parrott,  Esq.,  and  the  wives  of  his  deceased  brothers  Ebenezer  and 
John.1  A  legacy  was  also  bestowed  upon  the  children  of  Capt.  Higginson 
by  his  first  wife,  Ruth  Bordman,  dau.  of  Andrew.  For  a  full  account  of  this 
Wadsworth  family  see  Winsor's  History  of  Duxbury. 

WAKEMAN,  SAMUEL  (otherwise  written  Wackman),  came  to  N.  Eng.  with 
w.  Elizabeth  in  Nov.  1631,  settled  at  Roxbury,  was  Deputy  at  the  May  session 
1635,  in  which  year  he  seems  to  have  removed  to  Camb.  and  owned  about  12 
acres  on  the  south  side  of  the  river.  He  reni.  to  Hartford,  of  which  town  he 
was  the  first  Constable.  He  is  supposed  to  have  been  slain  in  1641  at  Provi- 
dence in  the  Bahamas.  See  Winthrop's  New  Eng.,  ii.  33. 

WALES,  JOHN,  was  a  Hog-reeve  for  the  Common,  1696. 

WARD,  WILLIAM,  freeman  1643,  "represented  Sudbury  in  the  General 
Court  in  1644,  and  was  several  years  chairman  of  the  Selectmen."  He  re- 
moved to  Marlborough  1660,  where  he  was  a  Deacon  of  the  Church,  and  d. 
there  10  Aug.  1687,  at  a  very  advanced  age.  His  wid.  Elizabeth,  who  was  a 
second  w.  and  supposed  to  have  been  the  mother  of  all  his  children  except  the 
first  three,  d.  9  Dec.  1700,  a.  86.  His  children  were  John,  b.  about  1626; 
Joanna,  b.  about  1628,  m.  Abraham  Williams,  and  d.  8  Dec.  1718,  a.  90;  Oba- 

diah,  b.  about  1632,  m.  Mary ,  and  d.  5  Jan.  1718,  a.  86;  Richard,  b.  about 

1635,  m.  Mary  Moore,  and  was  drowned  in  Sudbury  River  31  Mar.  1666,  a. 
31;  Deborah,  b.  about  1637,  m.  John  Johnson,  and  d.  9  Aug.  1697,  a.  60; 
Hannah,  b.  about  1639,  m.  Abraham  How,  and  d.  3  Nov.  1717,  a.  78;  William, 
b.  22  Jan.  1640,  m.  Hannah,  wid.  of  Gershom  Eames,  and  d.  25  Nov.  1697; 
Samuel,  b.  24  Sept.  1641,  m.  Sarah  How,  and  d.  1729;  Elizabeth,  b.  14  Ap. 

1643;  Increase,  b.  22  Feb.  1644-5,  m.  Record ,  and  d.  4  Aug.  1690; 

Hopestill,  b.  24  Feb.  1646,  m.  James  Woods,  and  d.  23  Dec.  1718;  Mary,  b. 
about  1647,  m.  Daniel  Stone,  and  d.  10  June  1703,  a.  about  57;  Eleazar,  b. 
about  1649,  m.  Hannah  Rice,  and  was  slain  by  the  Indians  Ap.  1676,  a.  about 
27;  Bethia,  b.  about  1658,  m.  Daniel  Rice,  and  d.  8  Dec.  1721,  a.  63.  See 
Ward  Family,  by  Andrew  H.  Ward,  Esq.  See,  also,  THOMAS  BRIGHAM. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (1),  rem.  to  that  part  of  Camb.  which  is  now  New- 
ton, m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Edward  Jackson,  and  had  Hannah,  b. ,  m.  Thomas 

Greenwood  8  June  1670,  and  d.  before  1687  ;  John,  b.  26  Jan.  1653,  d.  5  June 
1654;  Rebecca,  b.  15  June  1655;  John,  b.  8  Mar.  1658;  Elizabeth,  b.  18  June 
1660,  m.  Joshua  Fuller  7  May  1679,  and  d.  6  Sept.  1691  ;  Deborah,  b.  19  Oct. 
1662,  m.  John  Wyeth  2  Jan.  1682;  William,  b.  19  Nov.  1664,  m.  Abigail 

;  Richard,  b.  15  Jan.  1666;  Mercy,  b.  27  Jan.  1668,  d.unm.4  June  1685; 

Edward,  b.  13  Mar.  1671,  m.  Grace  Lovering,  and  d.  Jan.  1749;  Eleazar,  b. 
26  Feb.  1672,  m.  Deliverance  Trowbridge ;  Jonathan,  b.  22  Ap.  1674,  m.  Abi- 
gail Hall  31  Dec.  1700,  and  d.  at  Newton  26  July  1723;  Joseph,  b.  15  Nov. 
1677,  m.  Esther  Kenrick,  and  d.  at  Newton  26  Oct.  1742.  JOHN  the  f.  was 
by  trade  a  turner;  he  was  Selectman  nine  years  from  1679,  and  Representa- 
tive eight  years,  being  the  first  sent  from  Newton;  his  dwelling-house  was 
used  as  a  garrison  house  in  Philip's  War,  and  remained  standing  until  1821. 
He  d.  1  July  1708,  a.  82  ;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  24  Ap.  1704,  a.  73.  Some  of  the 
foregoing  dates  vary  slightly  from  those  given  in  the  Ward  Family,  but  I 
know  not  whether  our  records,  or  the  dates  referred  to,  are  the  more  correct. 
See  Jackson's  Hist,  of  Newton. 

1  He  had  also  a  brother  Christopher,  who    m. Davis,  and  d.  in  childbed  18  Oct. 

d.  at  Milton  1687,  and  a  sister  Abigail,  who    1696. 


WARD  —  WARLAND.  677 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Mary  Spring  30  Nov.  1681,  and  had  Sarah,  b. 
25  Mar.  1685,  m.  William  Trowbridge  about  1707,  and  d.  1720.     She  is  sup- 
posed by  A.  H.  Ward,  Esq.,  to  have  been  the  only  child  of  her  parents,  who 
survived   her.     JOHN  the  i.  was  Representative  of  Newton  ten  years,  and  d. 

June  1727;  his  w.  Mary  d.  20  Ap.  1731,  a.  71. 

4.  RICHARD,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Thankful  Trowbridge  15  Dec.  1690,  and 
had  Lydia,  b.  13  Aug.  1692,  m.  John  Burrage  9  Oct.  1718;  Thomas,  b.  8  Jan. 
1693-4,  m.  Sarah  Mattocks ;  James,  b.  6  Jan.  1695,  d.  young;  Hannah,  b.  13 
May  1697,  m.  Joshua  Gay  of  Dedham  15  Mar.  1732;   William,  b.  12  Sept. 
1699,    m.   Elizabeth   Wilson;    James,    b.   14    Aug.    1701,    m.    Mary   Bacon; 
Ephraim,  b.  1703;  Margaret,}).  28  Feb.  1705-6.     RICHARD  the  f.  was  Rep- 
resentative of  Newton  eight  years,  and  Deacon  of  the  Church;  he  d.  27  Mar. 
1739;  his  w.  Thankful  d.  17  Sept  1742,  a.  75. 

WARLAND,  OWEN*,  m.  Hannah  Gay  3  Ap.  1679,  and  had  William,  b.  27 

Mar.  1680;  Rebecca,  b. ,  m.  Bartholomew  Barrett  23  July  1706.     OWEN 

the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  res.  on  the  N.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke  and  South 
streets,  which  estate  he  bought  of  John  Shepard  18  Sept.  1681.  He  was  Con- 
stable in  1697.  In  1705  he  and  his  w.  Hannah  conveyed  the  westerly  half  of 
their  homestead  to  their  son  William.  They  prob.  both  d.  before  1716, 
when  Bartholomew  and  Rebecca  Barrett  released  to  William  Warland  all 
their  interest  in  the  homestead. 

2.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Owen  (1),  m.  Tabitha,dau.  of  Jacob  Hill,  3  Feb.  1701-2; 
she  d.  6  Jan.  1717-18,  a.  34,  and  he  m.  Anne,  dau.  of  Capt.  Josiah  Parker,  3 
July   1718.     His  children  were  William,  b.  3   Oct.   1706,  d.  23  Aug.  1708; 
Sarah,  bap.  9  Jan.  1708-9,  d.  5  Oct.  1712;  1'abitha,  b.  3  Mar.   1710-11,  m. 
John  Morse  14  Aug.  1729;  Sarah,  b.  1713;  Rebecca,  bap.  4  Sept.  1715,  d.  24 
Jan.   1716-17;   William,  bap.   12  Jan.    1717-18;  Anne,   bap.  29  Mar.   1719; 
Thomas,  bap.   13  Aug.  1721;  Owen,  bap.  2  June  1723;  John,  bap.  11  Dec. 
1726.     WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  shoemaker,  and  inherited  the  homestead.     He 
d.  29  Sept.  1727,  a.  47  (his  gravestone  says  56th);  his  w.  Anne  survived,  and 
in  1745,  in  connection  with  her  son  Owen,  bought  the  estate  at  the  N.  W.  cor- 
ner of  Dunster  and  Winthrop  streets,  where  she  subsequently  resided  until  22 
Dec.  1763,  when  she  d.  "of  being  cut  for  a  cancer  in  her  breast,"  a.  69. 

3.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Mary  Mann  11  June  1747,   and  was 
probably  the  mason  of  that  name  in  Boston,  whose  will,  dated  9  Dec.  1771, 
and  proved  24  Feb.  1775,  mentions  w.  and  names  children,  Mary  Breed,  Re- 
becca, and  Sarah,  and  granddaughter  Mary,  dau.  of  Hannah  Giles,  deceased. 
As  his  will  was  proved  in  Middlesex  County  it  is  probable  that  he  d.  here, 
having  left  Boston  during  the  siege. 

4.  OWEN,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Sarah  Stearns  (pub.  12  Oct.  1745),  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  4  Oct.  1746;  d.  27  May  1749;  Owen,  b.  15  July  1748,  d.  20  Oct. 
1748;  Anne  (or  Nancy),  b.  3  Ap/1750,  m.  Josiah  Moore  22  Aug.  1782,  and 
d.  June  1835;  Owen,  b.  26  Jan.   1751-2,  grad.  H.  C.  1770,  d.  7  Feb.  1775; 
Sarah,  b.  27  Sept.  1753,  m.  Abel  Moore  16  Oct.  1776,  and  m.  Israel  Porter  10 
Mar.  1796;  Mary,b.   2  Nov.  1755,  d.   11   Sept.   1756;  Thomas,  b.    17  July 
1757;  Mary,  b.  1  Ap.  1759,  d.  14  Nov.  1762;  Lucy,  b.  26  Mar.  1762,  in.  Jon- 
athan Hunnewell  10  Feb.  1785,  and  prob.  d.  before  1792;  Elizabeth,  bap.  11 
Dec.  1763,  d.  unm.  Nov.  1786;   William,  b.  19  Sept.  1765,  d.  Sept.  1786;  John, 
b.  25  Dec.  1768,  grad.  H.  C.  1786,   and  d.  Ap.  1788.     OWEN  the  f.  was  a 
tailor,  inherited  the  homestead,  and  dealt  somewhat  largely  in  real  estate. 
His  place  of  business  was  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brighton  Street,  near  Har- 
vard Square,  where  the  late  Deac.  Levi  Farwell  last  resided.     He  d.  1  Jan. 
1793,  a.  70;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  19  Feb  1800,  a.  75. 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  William  (2),  m.  Mary  Manning  26    Sept.  1754,  and  had 
John,  b.  16  July  1755 ;   William,  bap.  25  May  1760,  a  chaise  maker  in  Spring- 
field 1783.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  barber.     He  bought  of  Cutting  Bean,  19  Dec. 
1758,  a  house  and  small  lot  of  land  at  the  junction  of  Brighton  and  Brattle 
streets.     He  d.  6  Oct.  1762;  his  w.  Mary  m.  William  Darling  19  May  1763, 
and  d.  in  her  second  widowhood  22  May  1817,  a.  84. 

6.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Owen  (4),  m.  Elizabeth ,  and  had  Owen,  b.  26  Aug. 


678  WARLAND  —  WARNER. 

1783,  grad.  H.  C.  1804,  d.  1816;  Elizabeth  Bell,  b.  15  July  1785,  m.  Rev.  John 
Abbott  of  Boston  21  Oct.  1813,  he  d.  17  Oct.  1814,  and  she  m.  Dr.  Samuel 
Manning,  Jr.,  20  Mar.  1822  ;  she  still  survives  in  a  second  widowhood,  hon- 
ored and  beloved;  William,  b.  23  Ap.  1787,  d.  Sept.  1788;  Lucy,  b.  1  Aug. 
1789,  d.  unm.  10  Oct.  1830;  Mary  Bell,  b.  23  Jan.  1797,  m.  Dr.  Sylvanus 
Plympton,  and  d.  9  July  1867.  THOMAS  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  and  res.  on 
Brighton  Street,  near  Harvard  Square.  He  accumulated  a  large  property, 
partly  by  speculations  in  real  estate.  Among  his  more  profitable  investments 
were  a  large  tract  of  land  between  Pleasant  and  Magazine  streets  in  Cam- 
bridgeport,  and  the  estate  between  Harvard,  Plympton,  Bow,  and  Linden 
streets,  where  his  daughters  long  resided.  He  d.  27  Aug.  1837;  his  w.  Eliz- 
abeth was  buried  21  Dec.  1838,  a.  84. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Hannah   Prentice  12  Mar.  1776;  she  d.  12 
Aug.  1803,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Palmer  5  Feb.  1806.     His  children  were  Hannah, 
b.  23   Oct.  1776,  d.  5  Sept.  1777;  Hannah,b.  14  June  1778,  d.  28  Dec.  1778; 
John,  b.   28   Dec.  1779;    William,  b.   8    Mar.   1782;  Polly  (Mary),   bap.   29 
Feb.   1784,  m.  Jason  Howe  28  Nov.   1805;  Ebenezer,  bap.  12  Feb.  1786,  a 
mason,   went  south,  and  was  living  in   1819;   Charles,  bap.  16   Dec.  1787,  d. 
Sept.  1788;  Charles,  b.  1789,  d.  9  Feb.  1817;  Hannah,  b.  about  Dec.  1792,  d. 
4  Sept.  1 793,  a.  9  mo.    JOHN  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  possessed  the  homestead, 
which  he  exchanged  1784   (reserving  his  mother's   dower    therein)  for  an 
estate  on  the  easterly  side  of  Brattle   Square,  near  Mount  Auburn  Street, 
where  he  d.  20  Nov.  1809  ;  his  w.  Sarah  survived. 

8.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (7),  m.   Sarah,  dau.  of  Joseph  Bates,  20  June  1805; 
she  d.  of  apoplexy  23  Aug.  1824,  a.  43,  and  he  m.  Priscilla  Hill  8  Sept.  1825; 
she  d.  16  May  1830,  a.  34,  and  he  m.  Mary  Ann  Phelps  of  Marlborough  (pub. 
6  Ap.  1833).     His  chil.  were  Sarah,  b.  20  May  and  d.  29  June  1806;  John 
Henry,  b.  20  Ap.  1807,  grad.  H.  C.  1827,  m.  Mary  Ann,  dau.  of  William   E. 
Carter,  9  Sept.  1832,  a  popular  editor  of  sundry  newspapers,  and  d.  7  July 
1872;  Mary  Madelia,  b.  21  Jan.  1809,  m.  Royal  Richardson  22  Mar.  1831, 
and  d.  28  Nov.  1872;  Theodore,  b.  1  June  1812,  grad.  H.  C.  1832,  commenced 
preaching,  but  became  insane,  and  d.  at  Brattleborough,  Vt.,  14  July  1864; 
Alfred,  b.  9  April  1814,  d.  19  Sept.  1817;  Charles  Horace,  b.  18  Sept.  1816, 
d.  21  Nov.  1819;  Sarah  Ann,  b.  9  Nov.  1818,  m.  Joseph  Cutler,  a  lawyer,  9 
Ap.   1846,  and  d.  1  Nov.  1874;  Ann  Elizabeth,  bap.  4  Aug  1822,  m.  Joseph 
Bird,  Jr.,  a  music  teacher  of  Watertown,   10  Dec.  1848 ;  Caroline  Priscilla, 
bap.  17  Sept.  1826,  m.  Marshall  T.  Bigelow,  printer,  21  Oct.  1847;  Henrietta 

Hill,  b.  ;  Charles  Alfred,  b.  ,  m.  Mary  D.  Brown;  Edward  Merrick, 

b. ;  Francis  Horace,  b.  7  May  1836,  d.  at  Bombay  8  June  1865;  Emily 

Phelps,  b. ;  Frances  Bates,  b. .     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  in- 
herited the  homestead,  which  he  sold  to  James  Winthrop  1810;  he  bought  in 
1802  an  estate  on  Appian  Way,  to  which  he  subsequently  added  several  ad- 
joining estates,  on  one  of  which,  fronting  on  Brattle  Street,  he  resided.     He 
accumulated  a  very  considerable  property,  consisting  chiefly  in  houses  and 
lands,  on  both  sides  of  Appian  Way.     He  d.  15  Feb.  1852;  his  w.  Mary  Ann 
d.  20  Dec.  1871. 

9.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  John  (7),  m.  Mary  C.  Thompson,  and  had  William,  b.  2 
May  1811,  grad.  H.  C.  1832,  an  Episcopal  clergyman,  now  having  charge  of 
the  Church  of  the  Ascension  at  East  Camb. ;  Mary,  b.  27  Feb.  1813;  Alta- 
mont,  b.  26  Feb.  1819.     WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  resided  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Brattle  Street,  near  Brattle  Square;  he  d.  3  Mar.  1871,  a. 
89;  his  w.  Mary  C.  d.  23  Mar.  1866,  a.  79. 

WARNER,  ANDREW,  one  of  the  earliest  inhabitants,  resided  in  1635  on  the 
northeasterly  side  of  Eliot  Street,  about  midway  between  the  westerly  end  of 
Winthrop  Street  and  Brighton  Street.  He  owned  several  other  lots  in 
various  parts  of  the  town.  He  sold  his  estates  here  to  Capt.  George  Cooke 
20  Dec.  1636,  and  retn.  to  Connecticut.  He  rem.  yet  again,  in  1659,  to  Had- 
ley,  where  he  d.  1684,  leaving  six  sons  and  three  daughters.  Of  his  sons, 
Andrew,  Robert,  and  John,  settled  in  Middletown,  Conn.;  Daniel,  in  Hatfield, 
and  Jacob  and  Isaac,  in  Had  ley. 


WARNER— WATSON.  679 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Andrew  (1),  resided  in  Hatfield,  where  he  d.  1692,  leav- 
ing  seven   sons  and  seven  daughters ;    the  sons  were  Daniel,  Andrew,  John, 
(b.  1677),  Abram,  Samuel,  Ebenezer,  and  Nathaniel. 

3.  DANIKL,  s.  of  Daniel  (2),  was  of  Hatfield,  where,  besides  daughters,  he 
had  sons  Joseph  and  Jonathan,  who  removed  to  Hardwick;  Joseph  was  a  Capt. 
in  the  French  War,  and  subsequently  rem.  with  his  family  to  Cummington; 
Jonathan  was  an  innholder  and  had  sons  Jonathan,   a  Major-general,  and 
Senator;  Daniel,  a  Captain;  and  others.     DANIKL  the  f.  d.  in  Hardwick  12 
Mar.  1754,  a.  88. 

4.  JOHN,  parentage  unknown,  m.  Sarah  Wood  12  June  1677,  and  had  son 
Samuel,  b.   here    10  May  1680,  after  which  the  name  disappears.     He  was 
probably  the  same  who  was  "freed  from  training,"  May  3,  1678,  being  "a 
wounded  soldier." 

WATSON,  JOHN,  became  a  resident  here  as  early  as  about  1650.  He  m. 
Rebecca,  dau.  of  wid.  Ann  Errington,  and  had  Rebecca,  b.  about  1650,  m. 
Jonathan  Rice  1  Nov.  1677;  John,  b.  14  Oct.  1653,  d.  prob.  unm.  25  Nov. 
1678,  "  of  small-pox;  "  Abraham,  b.  26  June  1661  ;  Ann,  b.  21  Aug.  1666,  d. 
10  Oct.  1676;  Isaac,  b.  24  Sept.  1669;  Jacob,  b.  20  Dec.  1671.  JOHN  the  f. 
was  a  husbandman,  resided  on  North  Avenue,  northwesterly  from  the  Rail- 
road Bridge,  was  Selectman  1682  and  1684,  and  d.  20  May  1711,  a.  92; 
his  w.  Rebecca  d.  11  Nov.  1690,  a.  65.  [This  John  Watson  has  been  sup- 
posed, but  erroneously,  to  have  been  the  same  who  resided  at  Roxbury,  and 
m.  Alice,  wid.  of  Valentine  Prentiss,  3  Ap.  1634,  or  perhaps  his  son.  But 
the  gravestones  of  John  Watson,  father  and  son,  are  still  standing  in  the  old 
burial  ground  at  Roxbury,  indicating  that  the  father  d.  2  Dec.  1671,  a.  77  (or 
73),  and  that  the  son,  John,  Jr.,  d.  14  Aug.  1693,  a.  59.  Whether  any  rela- 
tionship existed  between  the  Cambridge  and  Roxbury  families  of  this  name, 
is  not  ascertained.] 

2.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Mary  Butterfield,  and  had  Isaac,  b.  3 
Mar.  1689-90;  Rebecca,  b.  about  1692,  m.  William  Willis  of  Medf.  23  June 
1709,  and  d.  30  Sept.  1754,  a.  62;  John,  b.  prob.  1694,  bap.  21  Feb.  1696-7; 
Abraham,b.  prob.  1696,  bap.   21  Feb.  1696-7;   William,  bap.  8  May  1698; 
Mary,  bap.  14  Ap.  1700;  Jonathan,  bap.  18  Oct.   1702;  Jacob,  bap.  7  May 
1704.     ABRAHAM  the  f.  d.  23  Mar.  1704-5;  his  w.  Mary  m.    Samuel  Whit- 
more  of  Lexington,  d.  4  Nov.  1730,  a.  60,  and  was  buried  here. 

3.  JACOB,  s.  of  John  (1),  m.  Mary  Healy  12  Nov.  1702.     He  received  the 
homestead  by  deed  of  gift,  25  May  1705,  in  consideration  that  he  should  pro- 
vide for  his  father,  during  life.     He  d.  s.  p.  29  Mar.  1724,  and  bequeathed  his 
whole  estate  to  his  w.  Mary;    she  d.  about  1728,  giving  by  will,  dated  10 
Mar.  1725-6,  proved  7  Oct.  1728,  a  large  portion  of  her  estate  to  her  hus- 
band's relatives. 

4.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Abraham  (2),  m.  Anna ;  she  d.  19  Aug.  1718,  a.  26,  and 

he  m.   Abiel,  wid.  of  Edmund  Angier,  27   Aug.   1725.     His  children  were 
Abraham,  b.   20  Aug.  1712,  removed   to   Salem,  was  a  joiner,  and  living   in 
1742;  laaac,  b.  28  Feb.  1713-14;  Abid,  bap.  13  Aug.   1727;  Benjamin,  b.  14 
Nov.  1730.     ISAAC  the  f.  was  a  yeoman,  and  res.  on  the  southerly  side  of 
Brattle   Street,  not  far  eastward  from   Ash   Street,  and   afterwards  on   the 
northerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  near  Dover  Street ;    his  house  was  consumed 
by  fire  27  Feb.    1741-2,  and  he  perished  in  the  flames;    his  w.  Abiel  sur- 
vived. 

5.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (2),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Abraham,  b.  21  Mar. 
1728-9;  Daniel,  b.   14  Feb.   1731-2;  Mary,  b.  2  Sept.   1734,  prob.  d.  unm.; 
Samuel,  b.  22  Dec.  1736,  prob.  d.  unm.  (neither  of  these  are  named  in  their 
father's  will);  Sarah,  b.  2  June  1745,  m.  Christopher  Grant,  Jr.,  4  Aug.  1763. 
After  the  death  of  his  first  wife  Mr.  Watson  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  John  Butter- 
field,  formerly  wid.  of  Abraham   Hill.     He  was  a  tanner,  Selectman   nine 
years  between   1745   and   1760,   and   resided   on  the   southwesterly   side   of 
North  Avenue,  near  Coggswell  Avenue.     He  d.  7  Oct.  1775;  his  w.  Mary 
d.  about  March  1789. 

6.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (2),  resided  in  Medford,  where  he  m.  Abigail 


680  WATSON. 

Hall  17  Feb.  1731.     She  d.  10  May  1731,  a.  22;  and  he  d.  .6  Jan.  1741-2,  a. 
43.     No  record  is  found  of  a  second  marriage,  or  any  children. 

7.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Abraham  (2),  was  a  housewright,  and  resided  in  Medf. 
He  m.  Abigail  Bradshaw  16  Jan.  1728-9,  and  had  Abigail,  bap.  2  Nov.  1729, 
m.  Samuel  Angier  29  Ap.  1762;  Jonathan,  bap.  15  Oct.  1732,  a  housewright, 
res.  for  a  time  in   Salem,  but  returned  to  Medf.  on  the  death  of  his  father; 
Mary,  bap.  14   Nov.  1736,  m.  Capt.  James  Hall  27  Mar.  1760;  Ruth,  bap.  7 
Oct.  1744,  d.  young;  a  second  Ruth,  d.  10  Ap.  1761,  a.  10.     JONATHAN  the  f. 
d.  5  Jan.  1759. 

8.  JACOB,  s.  of  Abraham  (2),  by  w.  Lydia,  had  Jacob,  b.  22  Feb.  1727-8; 
John,  b.  26   Sept.  1729,  living  in  1760;  Nathan,  bap.  31   Oct.  1731,  d.  young; 
Lydia,  bap.  30   Sept.   1733,  d.  young;  Nathan,  b.  30  May  1735;  Lydia,  b.  7 
Mar.   1737-8,  prob.  d.  young;  Lucy,b.  15  May   1741,  m.  James  Munfoe  18 
Aug.  1763;  William,  bap.  30  Sept.  1744,  rem.  to  New  Salem,  and  afterwards 
to  Tewksbury;  Rebecca,  bap.  17  May  1747,  m.  Abiel  Murdock  of  Roxbury  4 
Oct.  1770,  and  is  said  to  have  rem.  to  Hubbardston.     JACOB  the  f.  resided  on 
North  Avenue,  near  the  easterly  end  of  Spruce   Street.     He  d.  about  1757, 
and  his  son  Jacob  administered  9  Jan.  1758;  his  w.  Lydia  d.  10  Sept.  (Ch. 
Rec.,  22  Sept.)  1790,  a.  85. 

9.  ISAAC,  s.  of  Isaac  (4),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Whittemore, 
3  Ap.  1740;  she  d.  and  he  m.  Rebecca  Tufts  20  May  1761.     His  children  were 
Anna,  b.  22  Dec.  1741,  d.  24  Oct.  1743  ;  Margaret,  b.  9  May  1745,  m.  Nathan 
Watson  19  Aug.  1772;  Isaac,  b.  12  May  1747,  d.  young;  Isaac,  bap.  30  Oct. 
1748,  a  saddler,  m.  Ruth  Locke  26  Sept.  1771,  res.  in  Medf.  as  early  as  1771, 
and  was  living  there  in  1794;  Samuel,  bap.  21  July  1751,  said  to  have  died  in 
Gloucester  at  an  early  age ;  Elizabeth,  bap.  4  Mar.  1753,  d.  unm.  17  Sept.  1787; 
William,  bap.  1  June  1755;  John,  bap.  8  Aug.  1762,  a  saddler,  res.  in  Amherst, 
N.  H.,  10  Ap.    1794.     ISAAC  the  f.  was  a  glazier,  and  resided  on  part  of 
the  homestead,  in  the  house  long  occupied  as  a  Hotel  and  still  standing  on  the 
northerly  side  of  North  Avenue.     He  d.  17  May  1758;  his  wid.  Rebecca  d. 
19  Oct.  1796,  a.  72. 

10.  ABRAHAM,  s.  of  Abraham  (5),  m.  Lucy,  dau.  of  Rev.  Nathaniel  Pren- 
tiss  of  Dunstable,  28  Mar.  1751,  and  had  Abraham,  b.  5  Mar.  1752,  grad.  H.  C. 
1771,  a  physician  in  Littleton  1786,  and  in  Ackworth,  N.  H.,  1787;  Lucy,  b. 
26  May  1754,  d.  5  Oct.  1760;  Samuel,  b.  11  Nov.  1757,  d.  26  Ap.  1760;  Sam- 
uel, b.  19  Sept.  1759,  d.  19  Oct.  1760;  Lucy,  b.  13  Feb.  1762,  m.  Dr.  William 
Gamage  21    Oct.   1784;  Mary,  b.  11   Feb.   1763,  living  unm.  21    Oct.  1784; 
Nathaniel  Prentiss,  b.  21    Oct.   1764;  Ruth,  b.   19   Sept.  1765,  living  unm.  21 
Oct.  1784;   Lydia,  b.  20  July  1768,  m.  Thomas  Shepard  of  Worcester  25 
Nov.  1790  ;  Catherine,  b.  31  Dec.  1771,  d.  9  Sept.  1772;   William  Tyng,  b.  16 
Nov.  1773,  d.  17  Jan.   1775.     ABRAHAM  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  inherited 
the  homestead.     He  was  a  man  of  intelligence  and  energy;  a  prominent  and 
useful  citizen.     He  d.  "  after  a  long  and  lingering  illness,"  11  Dec.  1781.     In 
an  obituary  published  in  the  Boston   Gazette,  it  is  stated  that  "  He  was  a 
gentleman  of  superior  abilities,  which  early  introduced  him  into  public  life, 
being  honored  with  a  commission  for  the  peace,  and  much  employed  in  the 
public  affairs  of  the  town,  parish,  and  church.     In  the  American  Revolution  he 
took  an  early  and  decided  part,  representing  the  town  in  the  Provincial  Con- 
gress, in  the  first  General  Court,  and  in  the  Convention  for  forming  the  Con- 
stitution of  this  Commonwealth.     In  domestic  life,  the  tender  passions  were 
as  conspicuous  in  that  circle  as  his  manly  virtues  were  on  the  public  stage. 
In  his  death,  the  family  have  to  lament  an  affectionate  husband,  and  an  indul- 
gent parent;  and  the  public  to  regret  the  loss  of  a  useful  member  of  society." 
His  w.  Lucy  survived. 

11.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Abraham   (5),  m.  Anna,  dau.  of  Capt.  John  Tainter  cf 
Watertown,  24  Nov.  1757,  and   had   Anna,  b.  2  Ap.  1759,  d.  27   Sept.  1767  ; 
Daniel,  b.  22  May  1761,  settled  in  Keene,  N.  H.;   Sarah,  b.  15  Mar.  1763,  m. 

Jonathan   Stone  of   Watertown;   Rebecca,  b.  3  June   1765,  m.  Morgan; 

Fanny,  b.  4  May   1767,  m.  Samuel  Cox  14  Mar.    1793,  and  d.  27   Ap.   1855  ; 
Samuel,  b.   18  Nov.   1769;  Joseph,  b.   23   Oct.    1772,  settled  in   Putney,  Vt. 


WATSON  —  WEBB.  681 

DANIEL  the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  resided  on  the  northwesterly  corner  of  North 
Avenue  and  Russell  Street.  He  d.  of  palsy  26  Ap.  1805;  his  w.  Anna  d.  11 
Jan.  1823,  a.  89. 

12.  JACOB,  s.  of  Jacob  (8),  m.  Mehetabel  Skinner  of  Woburn  (pub.  25  Jan. 
1761),  and  had  Jacob,  b.  8  Sept.  1765  ;  Mehetabel,  b.  10  Sept.  1767,  m.  Adino 
Hastings  21  June  1795;  he  d.  8  Jan.  1798,  and  she  m.  Thomas  Hastings  3  Oct. 
1802,  and  d.  7  Jan.  1850.     JACOB  the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  inherited  the 
homestead,  near  Spruce  Street.     He  d.  5  Oct.  1801;  his  w.  Mehetabel  d.  17 
May  1814,  a.  90. 

13.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Jacob  (8),  m.  Margaret,  dau  of  Isaac  Watson,  19  Aug. 
1772,  and  had  Margaret,  b.  10  June   1773,  m.  James  Munroe  10  June  1804, 
and  d.  28  Feb.   1852;  Nathan,  b.  14  May  1775,  a  chaise  maker,  resided  in 
Roxbury,  d.  17  Jan.  1855;   Elizabeth,  b.  20  May  1777,  d.  unm.  19  Sept.  1857; 
Lydia,  b.  3  May  1780,  m.  Joseph  Holmes  12  May  180?,  and  d.  16  Jan.  1864. 
NATHAN  the  f.  was  a  cordwainer,  and  resided  on  the  estate  formerly  owned 
by  the  father  of  his  wife.     He  d.  31  Jan.  1804;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  15  Aug. 
1825,  a.  80,  having,  by  lease  from  her  children,  long  occupied  the  homestead 
at  the  nominal  rent  of  one  dollar  per  annum. 

14.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Isaac  (9),  m.  Susanna,  dau.  of  Ebenezer  Wyeth,  6  Dec. 
1779;  she  d.  29  Dec.  1788,  a.   26,  and  he  m.  Catherine  Lopaus  (or  Lopez), 
29  Dec.  1781.     His  chil.  were  Susanna,  b.  6  Dec.  1780,  m.  Artenatus  Moore 
7  Feb.   l"802,  and  d.  —  May  1807;  Nancy,  b.  23  Oct.  1782,  d.  unm.,  of  con- 
sumption, 24  Dec.  1803;  Priscilla,  b.  9  Ap.  1784,  d.  unm.,  of  consumption,  5 
Nov.  1803  ;  William,  b.  13  June  1785,  grad.  H.  C.  1805,  d.  unm.,  of  consump- 
tion, 4  Nov.  1805;  Mary,  bap.    29  May  and  d.  — Nov.  1787;  Mary,  b.  12 
Dec.  1788,  d.  unm.,  of  consumption,  22 "July  1812  ;  Elizabeth,  b.  28  Jan.  1794, 
m.  Andrew  Allen  31  Dec.  1826,  and  d.  14  Mar.  1868;  Samuel,  b.  2  Feb.  1796, 
unm.,  for  many  years  an  inmate  of  the  McLean  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  and  d. 
18  June  1857;  Abraham  Andros,  b.  11  May  1799,  grad.  H.  C.  1823,  a  physi- 
cian, resided  in  Boston,  and  d.  14  June  1868.     WILLIAM  the  f.  was  a  glazier, 
and  ECS.  on  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount  Auburn  streets,  the  home- 
stead of  his  maternal  grandfather  (Deac.  Whittemore),  which  he  obtained  by 
purchase.     He  also  owned  a  large  tract  of  land  in  Cambridgeport,  which  he  is 
said  to  have  received  as  a  compensation  for  maintaining  an   aged  colored 
woman,  formerly  a  slave,  called  Venus  Whittemore;  although  by  some  defect 
in  the  written  obligations,  she  finally  became  a  public  charge  and  died  in  the 
almshouse  4  May  1825,  aged  107,  according  to  the  account  in  the  Columbian 
Centinel.     This  land  has  become  very  valuable  and  much  of  it  remains  in 
possession  of  the  family.     Mr.  Watson  d.  9  Feb.  1811;  his  w.  Catherine  d.  15 
Sept.  1851,  a.  89. 

15.  NATHANIEL  PRENTISS,  s.  of  Abraham  (10),  m.  Lydia,  dau.  of  Edward 
Fillebrown,  9  Feb.   1797,  and  had  Nathaniel,  b.  17  Dec.    1797,  many  years 
Jailer  and  Master  of  the  House  of  Correction  in  Camb.,  d.  at  Charleston,  S. 
C.,  while  on  a  journey  for  his  health,  8  Mar.  1848;  Edward,  b.  9  Oct.  1799, 
d.  at  Chs.,  and  was  bur.  13  Aug.  1839;  Abraham,  b.  23  July  1802,  d.  at  Chs. 
18  Nov.  1820;  Mary,  b.  27  Jan.  1810;  and  perhaps  others.     NATHANIEL  P. 
the  f.  was  a  tanner,  a  Colonel,  Selectman  1806,  1807,  after  which  he  rem.  to 
Chs.,  where  he  d.  and  was  buried  3  Ap.  1822. 

16.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Daniel  (11),  was  in  early  life  a  card  maker,  and  after- 
wards a  farmer ;  he  inherited  a  life  estate  in  the  homestead ;  he  long  held 
the  office  of  Deacon  in  the  First  Universalist  Church,  and  d.  s.  p.  8  Feb.  1855; 
his  w.  Martha  d.  8  Mar.  1851,  a.  75. 

17.  JACOB,  s.  of  Jacob  (12),  m.   Abigail  Goodwin  8  May  1794,  and  had 
Abigail,  b.  4  Aug.  1800,  d.  unm.  18  Aug.  1817;  John  Waldo,  b.  13  Dec.  1802, 
d.  20  July  1807;  Nancy,   bap.   23  June  1805,   m.  John  S.   Huntress  8  Sept. 
1825;   Catherine  Bradish,  bap.   29  Nov.  1807;  John  Waldo,  bap.  4  Feb.  1810, 
d.  9  Aug.  1818.     JACOB  the  f.  was  for  several  years  Jailer,  while  the  County 
Jail  was  in  Ward  One.     He  d.  12  Jan.  1849,  a.  83;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  7  Aug. 
1850,  a.  85. 

WEBB,  RICHARD,  owned  several  parcels  of  land  here  in  1635.     He  rem.  to 


682  WEBB— WELLINGTON. 

Hartford  with  Hooker,  and  thence  to  Norwalk,  Conn.,  and  d.  July  1665, 
leaving  w.  Elizabeth  who  d.  24  Jan.  1681,  but  no  children. 

WEBBER,  ROBERT,  was  a  Field-driver  1692,  but  no  more  of  him  appears. 

WELCH,  THOMAS,  was  fined  for  a  breach  of  a  Town  order  4  Nov.  1646. 
Perhaps  he  was  the  same  who  afterwards  resided  in  Charlestown. 

DEBORAH,  m.  Jonathan  Cane  14  May  1674. 

WELD,  JOSEPH,  an  early  inhabitant  of  Roxbury,  was  brother  to  Rev. 
Thomas  Weld,  a  merchant,  Captain,  Representative,  and  otherwise  a  promi- 
nent citizen.  His  first  w.  Elizabeth  d.  Oct.  1638,  and  he  m.  Barbara  Clapp 
20  Ap.  1639;  his  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  in  England  about  1625,  m.  Edward 
Denison  of  Roxbury  30  Mar.  1641,  and  d.  5  Feb.  1716-17,  a.  91  ;  John;  Mary, 

m.   Daniel  Harris;   Thomas,  d.  ,   Sept.   1649;  Hannah;  Edmund,  b.  14 

July  1636  ;  Sarah,  bap.  21  Dec.  1640,  m.  John  Frank  23  July  1663  ;  Daniel, 
b.  18  Sept,  1642;  Joseph,  bap.  9  Feb.  1643-4,  buried  7  Dec.  1645;  Marah,  bap. 
2  Aug.  1646.  JOSEPH  the  f.  d.  7  Oct.  1646,  and  his  w.  Barbara  m.  Anthony 
Stoddard. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.  of  Joseph  (1),  grad.  H.  C.  1661,  m.  Bethia,  dau.  of  Edward 
Mitchelson,  the  Marshal-general,  and  had  in  Camb.,  Daniel,  b.  20  Aug.  1663; 
Edward,  b.  7  June  1666;  Bethia,  b.  24  Jan.  1667-8.  DANIEL  the  f.  was  a 
physician,  and  rem.  to  Salem  ;  he  was  Surgeon-general  in  the  Narragansett 
expedition  under  General  Winslow  1675,  and  petitioned  the  General  Court  for 
compensation,  inasmuch  as  during  his  absence  another  physician  was  invited 
to  Salem  to  his  damage.  Mr.  Felt  says  he  d.  at  Salem  about  1690,  leaving  w. 
Bethia  and  chil.  Edward ;  Bethia,  who  m.  Robert  Kitchen  ;  Barbara,  and  Eliza- 
beth. Probably  the  last  two  were  born  at  Salem,  and  the  eldest  son  Daniel 
had  deceased. 

REV.  THOMAS,  of  Dunstable,  m.  (2d  w.)  Mary  Savage  of  Camb.  22  May 
1700.  JOHN,  prob.  of  Roxbury,  m.  Margaret  Fuller  6  June  1723. 

WELLINGTON,  ROGER,  an  early  inhabitant  of  Wat.,  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Rich- 
ard Palsgrave  of  Chs.,  and  had  John,  b.  25  July  1 638 ;  Mary,  b.  10  Feb.  1 640-41 , 
m.  Henry  Maddock  21  May  1662,  and  John  Coolidge,  Jr.,  16  Sept.  1679  ;  Jo- 
seph, b.  9  Oct.  1643;  Benjamin,  b.  about  1646  ;  Oliver,  b.  23  Nov..  1648,  m. 
wid.  Anna  Livermore,  and  d.  s.  p.  30  Aug.  1727;  Palsgrave,  b.  about  1653,  a 
physician  in  Wat.,  m.  Sarah  Bond  29  Jan.  1689-90,  and  d.  s.  p.  22  Oct.  1715, 

a.  62.     ROGER  the  f.  d.  11  Mar.  1697-8;  his  w.  seems  to  have  previously  de- 
ceased. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Roger  (1),  was  a  farmer,  resided  in  Camb.,  m.   Susanna 
Straight  (or  Strayte)  9  June  1681,  and  d.  prob.  s.  p.  23  Aug.  1726. 

3.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Roger  (1),  m.  Sarah ,  who  d.  5  Feb.  1683-4,  and  he 

m.  Elizabeth  Straight  (or  Strayte)   6  June   1684,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  27 
Ap.  1685,  m.  Zechariah  Cutting  5  May  1701;   Thomas,  b.  10  Nov.  1686;  Mary, 

b.  7  Oct.  1689,  m.  Benjamin  Barnard,  Jr.,  8  Dec.  1726  ;  Susanna,  b.  5  Feb. 
1691-2.     JOSEPH  the  f.  resided  in  Wat.,  and  d.  30  Oct.  1714. 

4.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Roger  (1),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Thomas  Swoetmaii  of 
Cambridge,  7  Dec.  1671,  and  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Dec.  1673,  m.  John  Fay;  Ben- 
jamin, b.  21  June  1676;  John,  b.  26  July  1678,  d.  30  Nov.  1717  ;  Ebenezer,  b. 

,  m.  Deliverance  Bond  28  Jan.  1703-4,  an  innholder  at  Wat. ;.  Ruhamah, 

b. ,  m.  Deac.  Joseph  Brown  15  Nov.  1699  ;  Mehetabel,  bap.  4  Mar.  1687-8, 

m.  William  Sherman  of  Newton  13  Sept.  1715,  and  was  mother  of  the  dis- 
tinguished Roger  Sherman  of   Revolutionary  memory ;  Joseph,  bap.  4  Jan. 

1690-91,  m.  Hannah ,  and  d.  about  1718;  Roger,  b. ,  named  in  his 

grandfather's  will.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  resided  in  Wat.,  and  d.  8  Jan.  1709-10. 

5.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Joseph  (3),  m.  Rebecca  Whittemore;  she  d.  6  Nov.  1734, 

a.  53,  and  he  m.  Cherry  Stone  (pub.  7  Mar.  1734-5).     His  chil.  were  Rebecca, 

b.  3  Nov.  1709,  m.  Wyman;  Joseph,  b.  21  Nov.  1711 ;   Thomas,  b.  6  Aug. 

1714,  m.  Margaret  Stone  (pub.  18  Jan.  1734-5),  and  d.  4  Nov.  1783;  Susanna, 

b. ,  m.  Abraham  Hill  16  Feb.  1758;  Elizabeth,  b. ,  m.  Richard  Clark 

2  July  1761.     THOMAS  the  f.  resided  in  Menot.  and  d.  2  July  1759. 

6.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (4),  m.  Lydia  Brown  16  Jan.  1698-9;  she 
d.  13  May  1711,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth  Phipps  25  Dec.  1715;  she  d.  7  Jan. 


WELLINGTON.  683 

1728-9,  and  he  m.  Mary  Whiting  21  Oct.  1731.  His  chil.  were  Benjamin, 
b.  21  May  1702;  Lydia,  b.  24  Aug.  1704,  d.  10  Aug.  1718  ;  Keziah,  b.  28  Mar. 
1707;  John,  b.  12  Nov.  1709,  d.  22  Sept.  1728;  Abigail,  b.  14  July  1715,  m. 
David  Munroe  19  Feb.  1733-4;  Timothy,  b.  27  July  1719;  Mary,  b.  20  Oct. 
1732;  Oliver,  b.  14  Ap.  1735.  BENJAMIN  the  f.  was  a  housewright,  and  re- 
sided in  Lex.  where  he  d.  15  Nov.  1738 ;  his  w.  Mary  and  son  Benjamin  ad- 
ministered 18  Dec.  1738. 

7.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Thomas  (5),  m.  Dorcas  Stone  13  Nov.  1733,  and  had  Joseph, 
b.  13  Nov.  1734,  m.  Martha  Adams  1  Ap.  1760,  and  Anna  Dix  10  Sept.  1766; 
Rebecca,  b.  4  Sept.  1737,  m.  Zechariah  Hill  of  Camb.  10  Feb.  1757  ;  Dorcas, 
b.  31   Mar.  1740,  d.  unm. ;  Mary,  b.   29  Nov.   1742,  m.  Phineas   Stearns  of 
Waltham  9  July  1761;  Hannah,  bap.  1745;  Margaret,  b.  22  Aug.  1745,  m. 
Timothy  Page  of  Bedford   12  May  1766;  he  was  slain  in  battle,  at  White 
Plains,  25  Oct.  1776,  and  she  m.  Asa  Fassett ;  Pabgrave,  b.  12  Mar.  1747-8; 
Jeduthun,  b.  4  Sept.  1750;  Elizabeth,  b.  6  Nov.  1753,  m.  James  Reed  of  Wo- 
burn  24  Sept.  1778  ;  Enoch,  b.  1  Sept.  1756,  m.  Sarah  Richardson  of  Water- 
town  8  Aug.  1782,  and  rem.  to  Jaffrey,  N.  H.     JOSEPH  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.  and 
at  Menot.,  where  he  d.  18  Dec.  1777;  his  w.  Dorcas  d.  1  Mar.  1801,  a.  86. 

8.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin.  (6),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Thomas  Fessenden, 
and  had  Lydia,  b.  21  Dec.  1732;  Roger,  b.  27  June   1734,  m.  Abigail  Stearns 
of  Waltham   10  Mar.  1757,  and  rem.  to  Brookfield;  John,   b.  18  Ap.  1736; 
Benjamin,  b.  22  Ap.  1738,  rem.  to  Brookfield  before   1    Sept.   1763,  at  which 
date  he  m.  Lucy  Smith.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  was  a  housewright  and  resided  in 
Lex.     In  December  of  1738  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  administrators  of  his 
father's  estate.     His  own  death  occurred  soon  afterwards,  7  Feb.  1738-9,  and 
his  wid.  Abigail  (who  subsequently  m.  Ebenezer  Smith)  was  appointed  ad- 
ministratrix 21  Feb.  1 738-9. 

9.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Benjamin  (6),  m.  Rebecca  Stone  23  Sept.  1742,  and  had 
Benjamin,  b.  7  Aug.  1743,  m.  Martha  Ball  4  Dec.  1766;   Cherry,  b.  12  July 
1745;   Timothy,  b.  15  Ap.  1747;  Abigail,  b.  14  Mar.  1749,  m.  Daniel  Cutting 
of  Waltham  29  Dec.  1768;  Ruhamah,  b.  4  Sept.  1751.     TIMOTHY  the  f.  res. 
in  Lex.  and  d.  1751. 

10.  PALSGRAVE,  s.  of  Joseph  (7),  m.  wid.  Abigail  Sewall  of  Brookline, 
(pub.  28  Nov.  1772),  and  had  Mary  Oliver,  bap.  18  Aug.  1773  ;  Penelope,  bap. 
26  Dec.  1784;  Lucy  Sparhawk,  bap.  8  June  1788;  Nancy,  bap.  29  Nov.  1789. 
The  first  named  of  these  was  bap.  at  Menot. ;  the  other  three  at  the  Third 
Church,  now  Brighton  District.     Besides  these,  Dr.  Bond  names  Christiana ; 
Abigail;  and  Edmund,  who  grad.  D.  C.  1811,  and  d.  1823.     PALSGRAVE  the  f. 
grad.  H.  C.  1770,  taught  school  in   Menot.  and   afterwards  in  what  is  now 
Brighton  District;  was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Third  Church  1784  ;  and  about 
1790  removed  to  Alstead,  N.  H.     He  devoted  the  later  years  of  his  life  to 
farming,  and  d.  29  Aug.  1808. 

11.  JEDUTHUN,  s.  of  Joseph  (7),  m.  Susanna  Reed  of  Woburn  (pub.  11 
Feb.  1775)  ;  she  d.  3  Oct.  1803,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth  Winneck  31  May  1802. 
His  chil.  were   Susanna,  b.  22   Oct.  1775;  Sophia,  b.  1777,  d.  6   Sept.   1785; 
Charles,  bap.  3  Dec.  1780;  Mary,  b.  25  Ap.  1783,  d.  25  Aug.  1799  ;  Hannah, 
bap.  Oct.  1784;  Henry,  bap.  Ap.  1787  ;  Sophia,  bap.  1  Mar.  1789  ;  a  child,  b. 
30    Sept.  and  d.  3  Oct.  1790  ;  Mary  Maria  Dix,  bap.  29   Ap.  1804;  Louisa 
Annis,  bap.  20  Ap.  1806;  Alfred  Augustus,  bap.  20  Dec.  1807;  Adeline  Ma- 
tilda, bap.  17  Dec.  1809.     JEDUTHUN  the  f.  resided  in  Menot.,  was  a  farmer 
and  an  energetic  citizen,  Colonel  of    Militia,  Selectman   18  years   between 
1780  and  1805;  Representative  nine  years,  between  1788  and  1806;  he  was 
one  of  the  principal  projectors  of  the  Concord  Turnpike,  and  was  engaged  in 
other  public  enterprises;  he  was  sanguine  in  his  projects,  and  very  impatient 
of  opposition.     Even  in  his  old  age  he  entered  zealously,  not  to  say  fiercely, 
into  the  contest  concerning  the  fencing  of  the  Cambridge  Common,  and  was 
one  of  the  most  conspicuous  opposers  of  that  measure,  as  long  as  the  slightest 
possible  hope  of  success  remained;  he  d.  25  Nov.  1838,  a.  88;  his  w.  Eliza- 
beth d.  11  Mar.  1851,  a.  83. 

12.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Timothy  (9),  m.  Hannah  W.,  dau.  of  Joseph  Abbott  of 


684  WELLINGTON— WH1TMORE. 

Lincoln,  and  had  Rebecca  Stone,  b.  5  Feb.  1777,  m.  John  K.  Coolidge  23 
Ap.  1799;  Timothy,  b.  29  Mar.  1778,  drowned  8  Ap.  1781;  Nehemiah,b.  I 
Jan.  1780,  m.  Nancy  Stearns  16  May  1805,  and  d.  11  May  1857;  Timothy,  b. 
8  Oct.  1781;  Hannah,  b.  4  July  1783;  Joseph  Abbott,  b.  14  July  1785.  TIM- 
OTHY the  f.  res.  in  Lex. 

13.  NEHEMIAH,  s.  of  Timothy  (12),  m.  Nancy  Stearns  of  Waltham  16 
May  1805,  and  had  Ann  Eliza,  b.  2  Mar.  1806,  d.  3   Oct.  1822;  Augustus",  b. 
15  June  1807;  Hannah  Maria,  b.  17  Nov.  1809,  m.  Samuel  Bridge  15  June 
1835  :   Timothy  W.,  b.  4  July  1811,  a  coal  merchant  in  Worcester;  Sullivan, 
b.  8  Nov.  1813;  Jonas  Clark,  b.  30  Nov.  1815,  a  coal  merchant  in  Boston, 
resides  in  Camb. ,  m.  Harriet  Bosworth  17  Oct.  1839,  and  had  sons  Austin  C., 
and  Homer,  who  reside  here;  Horatio,  b.  6  Sept.  1817,  a  coal  merchant  in 
East  Camb.,  res.  at  Charlestown;  Avis  M.,  b.  27  June  1819,  m.  Emory  A. 
Mulliken  17  Oct.  1850;  Joseph  A.,  b.  12  June  1821,  a  coal  merchant  in  Chs., 
resides  here.     NEHEMIAH  the  f.  res.  in  Lex.,  and  d.  11  May  1857,  a.  77. 

14.  TIMOTHY,  s.  of  Timothy  (12),  m.  Maria  E.  Lord  17  Oct.  1813;  she  d. 
6  Mar.  1816,  a.    23,  and  he  :m.  Lydia  Yates   1   Ap.  1819.     His  chil.  were 
William    Williamson,  b.   27  July   1814,  grad.  H.  C.    1832,   is  a  physician  in 
Camb.  ;  Francis  Edward,  bap.  5  Nov.  1820;   Maria  Eunice,  bap.   13   Oct. 
1822;  George  Yates,  bap.  22  Ap.  1827;  Ellen;   Hannah;  Joseph  A.     TIM- 
OTHY the  f.  was  a  physician  in  West  Camb.,  where  he  d.  6  May  1853,  a.  71. 

15.  JOSIAH,  parentage  not   ascertained,  bought  28    Oct.    1803    the  once 
famous  Tavern  (which  yet  stands)  on  the  westerly  corner  of  North  Avenue 
and  Beach  Street,  which  he  sold  to  John  Davenport  12  Sept.  1806.     His  dau. 
Susan  m.  Ephraim  Cook  18  Dec.  1803,  and  d.  22  Aug.  1858.     Several  of  her 
children  reside  here. 

WESTWOOD,  WILLIAM,  in  1635  resided  on  the  S.  W.  corner  of  Holyoke 
and  Winthrop  streets;  and  was  one  of  the  first  Board  of  Selectmen,  called 
Townsmen,  1634-5.  He  rem.  to  Hartford,  where  he  was  Selectman,  and 
several  times  Deputy  to  the  General  Court.  He  subsequently  rem.  to  Hadley, 
where  he  d.  9  Ap.  1669.  He  left  no  son,  and  only  one  daughter  Sarah,  who 
m.  Aaron  Cook,  an  emigrant  from  Dorchester,  and  had  a  son,  Westwood 
Cook.  Rev.  Samuel  Cook  of  Menot.  was  a  descendant. 

WHALEY,  GEORGE,  by  w.  Katherine,  had  Thomas,  b.  14  Nov.  1650  ; 
George,  b.  19  Ap.  1653. 

WHITCOMB,  JOB  (otherwise  written  Whetcomb),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Jemima, 
b.  30  Mar.  1678.  He  was  prob.  s.  of  John  of  Lancaster,  driven  thence  at  the 
destruction  of  that  town,  and  finally  rem.  to  Weathersfield,  Conn.,  where  he 
d.  1683,  leaving  w.  Mary  and  chil.  Job,  John,  Mary,  and  Jemima. 

WHITE,  JOHN,  one  of  the  first  company,  res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Bow 
Street;  he  sold  his  estate  20  Oct.  1635  to  Nicholas  Danforth.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  first  Board  of  Selectmen  or  Townsmen  1634-5,  and  rem.  with 
Hooker  to  Hartford,  where  he  held  sundry  offices.  "He  was  one  of  sixty 
persons  in  1659  who  signed  an  agreement  to  remove  to  Massachusetts  for  the 
settlement  of  Hadley.  He  removed,  and  d.  there  in  1683.  His  children 
were  Nathaniel,  who  resided  at  Hadley;  Daniel,  Jacob,  John,  Sarah  Gilbert, 
Mrs.  Taylor,  and  a  daughter  who  had  m.  Mr.  Hixton.  Mr.  White  was  a 
strict  Puritan  in  all  its  forms,  and  left  the  Colony  in  consequence  of  a  division 
in  the  Church  at  Hartford."  Hinman. 

2.  THOMAS,  about  1638  bought  a  house  and  half  an  acre  of  land  on  the 
westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  probably  between  Mason  Street  and  Phillips 
Place.     He  was  appointed  with  Edward  Shepard  "to  drive  the  neck,"  23 
Mar.  1662-3.     No  record  is  found  of  his  family. 

3.  DANIEL,   by  w.  Mary  had  Daniel,  b.   18  May  1695;  Mary,  b.  29  Oct. 
1697;  John,  b.  16   Feb.   1699;  Thomas,  b.   22  Feb.   1701;  Joseph,  b.  17  Ap. 
1704;  Sybil,  b.  12  May  1796;  Stephen,  b.  27  Ap.    1709;  Sarah,  b.    23  Aug. 
1711. 

WHITMORE,  FRANCIS,  m.  Isabel  Park  about  1648;  she  d.  31  Mar.  1665, 
and  he  m.  Margaret  Harty.  His  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  2  May  1649,  m. 
Daniel  Markham  3  Nov.  1669;  Francis,  b.  12  Oct.  1650,  living  in  1691;  John, 


WHITMORE.  685 

b.  1  Oct.  1654;  Samuel,   b'.  1   May  1658;  Abigail,  b.  3  July  1660,  m. 

Wilcox  ;  Sarah,  b.  7  Mar.  1662,  m.  William  Locke;  Margery,  bap.  27  Mar. 
1664,  m.  Thomas  Carter;  Hannah,  bap.  16  Feb.  1667,  d.  young;  Hannah,  b. 
9  Feb.  1668;  Frances,  b.  3  Mar.  1671,  m.  Jonathan  Thompson ;  Thomas; 
Joseph,  living  in  1691,  perhaps  m.  Mary  Kendall  of  Woburn  13  Feb.  1698-9, 
and  d.  about  1720.  FRANCIS  the  f.  was  a  tailor,  resided  several  years  in  the 
present  city,  but  subsequently  near  the  line  between  Menot.  and  the  Farms. 
He  d.  12  Oct.  1685,  a.  62 ;  his  w.  Margaret  d.  1  Mar.  1685-6. 

2.  JOHN,  s.  of  Francis  (1),  m.  Rachel,  wid.  of  John  Poulter,  and  dan.  of 
Francis  Eliot  of  Braintree;  she  d  20  Mar.  1723,  and  he  m.  wid.  Rebecca  Cut- 
ter, dau.  of  John  Rolfe,  3  Jan.  1  724.     His  chil.  were  Francis,  b.  8  May  1678; 
Abigail,  twin,  b.  8  May  1678,  m.  John   Elder;  John,  b.  27  Aug.  1683.     JOHN 
the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  and  resided  in  Medf.  where  his  chil.  were  born.     On 
the  organization  (or  perhaps  reorganization)  of  the  Church  in  Medford,  1714, 
he  was  elected  Deacon.     He  d.  22  Feb.   1739;  his  w.  Rebecca  returned   to 
Menot.  where  she  d.  13  Nov.  1751,  a.  89. 

3.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Francis  (1),  m.  Rebecca  Gardner  31  Mar.  1686;  she  d. 
5  June   1709,  a.   43,  and  he  m.  Mary,  wid.  of   Abraham  Watson.     His  chil. 
were  Francis,  b.  9  Dec.   1686,  d.  at   Lexington  prob.  unm.   20  Dec.   1758  ; 
Samuel,  b.  1  Ap.   1688;  Rebecca,  b.  9  Feb.   1689-90,  d.  unm.  12  June  1709; 
John,  b.    5  June  1692,  a  cordwainer,  d.   5   May  1714,  prob.  unm.  (his  father 
was  appointed  administrator  11  Aug.  1714);  Benjamin,  b.  about  1696  ;  Abigail, 

b.  8  May  1698;  Sarah,  b.  10  Ap.  1700,  m. Hyde,  d.  before  1733  ;  Na- 

thaniel,  b.  7   May  1702,  m.  Abigail  Park  of  Newton   18  June   1725;  Mary,  b. 
4  May  1704,  d.  unm.,  and  William  Munroe  administered  1733;  and  John,  b. 
25  Jan.  1714.     SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  at  the  Farms,  and  d.  22  May  1724;  his 
w.  Mary  d.  14  Nov.  1730,  a.  60. 

4.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Anna  Peirce  of  Boston   7  Dec.   1699  ;  she 
d.  6  Aug.  1716,  a.  34,  and  he  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Nathaniel   Hancock  of  Cam- 
bridge.    His  chil.  were  Sarah,  b.  4  May  1701,  m.  Nathaniel  Francis  16  May 
1723;  Hannah,  b.  22  Jan.  1703-4,  d.  young;  Anna,  b.  4  Ap.  1706;  Eliot,  b. 
13  Mar.  1710,  d.  16  Mar.  1713;  Rachel,  b.  1  Ap.  1712,  m.  Ebenezer  Tufts  17 
Feb.  1731;  he  d.  and  she  in.  Ebenezer  Francis  15  Nov.  1733;  Mercy,  b.  11 
Mar.  1713-14,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  bap.  22  July  1716,  m.  Thomas  Fillebrown 
30  Mar.  1732;  Martha,  bap.  1  Mar.  1719;  and  one  more  not  named.    FRANCIS 
the  f.  was  a  tanner,  resided  in  Medf.  and  d.  6  Feb.  1771,  a.  93  nearly.     An 
obituary  in  the  Boston  News  Letter,  14  Feb.  1771,  states  that   "he  was  the 
father  of  10  children,  41  grandchildren,  96  great-grandchildren,  and  8  of  the 
fifth  generation,  in  all  155." 

5.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Maj.   John  Lane  of  Billerica, 
(now  Bedford),  and  had  Mary,  b.  17  July  1707,  m.  Jonathan  Webber  of  Bed- 
ford  19  Aug.  1725;  Susanna,  b.  25  Nov.  1708,  m.  Benjamin  Webber  of  Bed- 
ford 6  Sept.   1727;  John,  b.   15  Ap.   1711,  settled   in   Bedford,   and  d.   1748; 
Francis,  b.  4   Oct.   1714;  Martha,   b.   22  Ap.   1716,  d.  young;  Martha,  b.  23 
Feb.   1717-18,  m.  John  Skinner  of  Chs.  22  Dec.   1743;    William,  b.   19  Dec. 
1724.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  carpenter,  resided  in  Medf.,  and  d.  26  Mar.  1753  ; 
his  w.  Mary  was  living  29  June  1773,  when  through  age  she  had  become  in- 
capable of  managing  her  estate,  and  John  Webber  was  appointed  guardian; 
by  a  memorandum  in  his  account  of  guardianship,  it  appears  that  she  d.  27 
Mar.  1783,  when  she  had  nearly  completed  97  years. 

6.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Bethia  Page   7  Jan.  1719-20,  and  had 
Rebecca,  bap.    15  Jan.    1720-21;    Daniel,   b.    15    Feb.  1724-5,   posthumous. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  in  Lexington  17  Aug.  1724;  his  w.  Bethia  m.  John  Winship 
1726. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (3),  m.  Lydia  Cutter  24  June  1735,  and  had  Mary,  b. 

3  Sept.  1735;  John,  b.  24  Ap.  1737;  Lydia,  bap.  11  Jan.  1740-41 ;  ^Samuel,  b. 

4  July  1743.     JOHN  the  f.  was  under  the  guardianship  of  Deac.  Samuel  Bow- 
man of  Cambridge,  during  his  minority,  and  settled  here.     The  date  of  his 
death  or  removal  is  not  ascertained. 

8.  FRANCIS,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Mary  Hall  1  Jan.  1739,  and  had  Stephen,  bap. 


686  WHITMORE  —  WHITTEMORE. 

24  May  1741,  (prob.  b.  1739);  Francis,  bap.  2  Aug.  1741;  Mary,  bap.  24  Ap. 
1743;  John,  bap.  6  Jan.  1745,  d.  young;  William,  bap.  8  Sept.  1746;  Eliza- 
beth, bap.  3  .Dec.  1752;  John,  bap.  15  Dec.  1754;  Susanna,  bap.  18  Sept.  1757; 
Andrew,  bap.  5  Oct.  1760.  FRANCIS  the  f.  was  a  merchant  in  Medf.,  removed 
to  Maine,  and  d.  27  Ap.  1794  ;  his  w.  Mary  d.  20  Oct.  1791. 

9.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  John  (5),  m.  Mary  Brooks  1  Oct.   1747,  and  had  Wil- 
liam, bap.  22  May  1748;  John,  bap.  3  June,  and  d.  28  July  1750:  Mary,  bap. 
29  Oct.   1752,  in.' Nathan  Blodgett  of  Camb.  27  Ap.  1775;   Martha,  b.   1755; 
Sarah,  bap.  Nov.  1757  ;  Samuel,  b.  15  Dec.  1759,  d.  22  Oct.  1762.    WILLIAM 
the  f.  grad.  H.  C.   1744,  and  was  a  merchant  in  Medford,  in  partnership  with 
his  brother  Francis.     He  d.  of  small-pox  10  Mar.  1760;  his  w.  Mary  d.  10 
Oct.  1765. 

10.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Francis  (8),  m.  Mary  Whittemore  of  Camb.  14  July 
1763,  and  had  Elizabeth    Cutter,  bap.  30  Dec.   1764;  Stephen,  bap.   22   Sept. 
1765  ;  Lydia,  bap.  10  May  1767  ;  Samuel  and  William,  twins,  b.  in  Cambridge 
11  June  1768  ;  John,  bap.  here  30  Aug.  1772,  at  which  date  STEPHEN  the  f. 
is  styled  of  Kennebunk. 

11.  FRANCIS,   s.   of  Francis  (8),  m.   Elizabeth  Bowman   of  Cambridge   30 
Dec.  1764,  and  had  Elizabeth  Sanders,  bap.  13  Oct.  1765,  d.   22  Aug.  1777; 
Francis,  bap.  2  Aug.  1767.     FRANCIS  the  f.  removed  from  Medf.  to  Boston, 
and  his  subsequent  history  is  not  known  to  me. 

WHITTEMORE,  THOMAS,  resided  in  Chs.  on  the  Maiden  side,  near  Chelsea, 
where  he  died  25  May  1661.  In  his  will,  dated  8  Feb.  1660-61,  he  bestows 
legacies  on  w.  Hannah  (who  afterwards  m.  Benjamin  Butterfield  of  Chelms- 
ford,  and  was  living  in  1680),  and  ten  children,  viz.:  "eldest  son  Thomas, 
being  now  in  England  and  hath  his  portion  there  by  gift";  Daniel ;  Nathaniel ; 
John ;  Elizabeth ;  and  "  my  five  youngest,  Benjamin,  Thomas,  Samuel,  Pelatiah, 
and  Abraham."  These  children  were  probably  born  between  1633  and  1656; 
Daniel  was  48  years  old  at  his  death  in  1683,  prob.  b.  1635,  and  Abraham 
was  35  at  his  death  in  1690,  prob.  b.  1655;  Elizabeth  m.  Hopestill  Foster 
Oct.  1670;  Pelatiah  d.  unm.  1678;  Abraham,  &.  unm.  14  Jan.  1690-91,  a.  35. 
TnoMAS'the  f.  probably  res.  in  England  until  about  1650,  and  left  his  oldest 
son  there.  After  his  emigration,  he  gave  the  same  name  to  another  son;  and 
at  the  time  of  his  death  had  two  sons  bearing  his  own  name,  one  in  each  Eng- 
land. 

2.  DANIEL,  s.of  Thomas  (1),  in.  Mary  Mellins  7  Mar.  1662,  and  had  Daniel, 
b.  27  Ap.  1663,  res.  in  Maiden,  had  eight  chil.,  and  d.  21    Sept.  1756,  a.  93; 
John,  b.  12  Feb.  1664;    Thomas,  b.  5  Mar.  1667;  Mary,  b.  15  Feb.  1668-9  ; 
Nathaniel,  b.  7  Feb.  1670-71.     DANIEL  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d. 
at  "  Mistick  Side,"  now  Maiden,  11  May  1683,  a.  48. 

3.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Mary,  had  Mary,  b.  26  Ap.  1668; 
Nathaniel,  b.  26  Sept.  1670.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  d.  at  Maiden  1671,  a.  33. 

4.  JOHN,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Deac.  John  Upham  of  Maiden 
about  1661;  she  d.  27  June  1677,  and  he  m.  Mary  Miller  of   Chs.  8  Nov.  1677. 
His  chil.,  all  b.  in  Chs.,  were  John,  b.  about  1662;    Thomas,  b.  1  Sept.  1664; 
Joseph,  b.  29  Jan.  1666-7;  Benjamin,  b.  1  Sept.  1669;  Elizabeth,  b.  about  1671; 
Nathaniel,  b.  9  Mar.   1673;  Joel,  b.  about  1675,  d.  27  Ap,  1676;  Joel,  b.  15 
June  1677;  Mary,  b.  24  Oct.  1678,  d.  young;  Pelatiah,  b.  7  May  1680;   Amos, 
b.  25  July  1681;  Mary,  b.  26  Sept.  1683 ;  Daniel,  b.  28  Dec.  1685,  d.  27  Mar. 
1686;  Rebecca,  b.  3  Mar.  1686-7,  living  unm.  1  752;  Hannah,  b.  10  Feb.  1688-9. 
JOHN  the  f.  was  a  wheelwright,  and  resided  in  Chs.  until  near  the  close  of 
life,  when  he  removed  to  Menotomy,  having  leased  a  farm  of  Lieut. -gov.  Dan- 
forth,  and  d.  there  8  Dec.  1694,  a.  about  54.     Thirteen  children  survived  him. 
On  the  settlement  of  his  estate  in  1695,  a  house  with  about  ten  acres  in  Chs. 
was  assigned  to  his  son  Thomas,  and  the  unexpired  lease  of  Lieut.-gov.  Dan- 
forth's  farm  to  Thomas  and  Nathaniel. 

5.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  may  have  res.  here  in  his  younger  days. 
Under  date  of  8  Jan.  1665-6,  it  is  recorded  that,  "  Benjamin  Whittemore, 
for  pulling  down  a  bench  of  a  seat  in  the  meeting  house,  is  fined  five  shillings; 
and  the  Constables  are  to  require  the  bench  of  him,  and  set  it  up  again."     No 


WH1TTEMORE.  687 

record  is  found  of  his  family;  he  was  prob.  the  same  who  died  at  Maiden, 
1726,  and  devised  his  estate  by  will,  dated  22  Dec.  1725,  to  his  grandchildren, 
Benjamin  Faulkner  (who  was  to  provide  for  the  testator  and  his  wife  during 
life),  Hannah  Durant,  Elizabeth  Pilet  of  Boston,  Mary  Linnex  of  Boston,  and 
Hannah  Johnson  of  Boston. 

6.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  and  the  younger  of  that  name,  m.  Elizabeth 
Peirce  of  Woburn  9  Nov.  1666,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  14  Aug.  1667.     THOMAS 
the  f.  was  a  blacksmith,  and  resided  at   Woburn,  where  ne  d.  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth  was  appointed  administratrix  5  Ap.  1670. 

7.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  at  Dover,  N.  H.,  Samuel, 
b.  24  Oct.  1672,  d.  31  Jan.  1693-4;  and  at  Chs.,   Hannah,  b.  16  Dec.  1676; 

Elizabeth,  b.  15  June   1679,  m. Clark,  living  in  1723;  Sarah,  b.  16  Jan. 

1681-2,  m.  David  Lawrence  3  Feb.  1700-1,  and  res.  at  Norton;  Mary,  b.  9 

Sept.    1684,  m.  Smith,  living  in   1726;   Abigail,  b.   31  Jan.   1687-8,  m. 

Eleazar  Parker  of  Norton;  Susanna,  b.  17  Oct.  1690,  d.  25  June  1694;  Thomas, 
b.  23  Sept.  1693,  d.  28  Jan.  1693-4;  Samuel,  b.  (after  the  decease  of  his  oldest 
brother)  27  July  1696.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  after  a  short  resi- 
dence in  Dover,  N.  H.,  settled  upon  a  farm  in  the  southwesterly  part  of  Chs., 
now  Soraerville,  on  the  road  leading  from  Winter  Hill  to  Arlington.     He  d. 
15  Sept.  1726,  a.  79;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  May  1728,  a.  76.     Both  were  buried  in 
Cambridge.     Harris   (Epitaphs,  p.  73)  erroneously  calls  this  Samuel  Whitte- 
more  a  son  of  Francis  Whitmore. 

8.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Mary,  wid.  of  Capt.  Samuel  Pease  of  Bos- 
ton  (See  Gen.  Reg.,  ii.  393),  and  had  Thomas,  b.  4  Nov.  1694;  Francis,  b.  5 
Sept.  1696;   Samuel,  b.  22   Sept.   1698;  Mary,  b.  4   Sept.  1700;   Daniel,  b.  22 
Feb.  1701-2;  Hannah;  Ephraim;  Sarah.     All  these  children  were  baptized 
together,  29  May  1709.     THOMAS  the  f.  resided  at  Menot.,  a  part  of  his  estate, 
described  in  the  inventory,  consisted  of  "  a  lease  parol,  under  Mr.  Whiting, 
minister,  Concord."     This  doubtless  refers  to  the  farm  leased  to  the  father  of 
Thomas  by  Lieut.-gov.  Danforth,  of  whom  Mr.  Whiting  was  one  of  the  devi- 
sees.    He  d.  about  1717,  and  his  w.  Mary  administered  23  Sept.    1717;  she 
was  living,  9  Sept.  1727,  and  petitioned  for  an  allowance  on  account  of  her 
taking  care  of  her  grandson,  Thomas  Whittemore,  the  only  heir  of  her  deceased 
husband.     I  think  Hudson  mistakes  in  supposing  this  THOMAS  (the  f.)  to  be 
son  of  Francis  Whitmore. 

9.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Joanna  Mousall;  she  d.  28  Oct.  1691,  and  he 

m.  Susanna .     His  chil.  were  Joseph,  b.  22  Feb.  1689;  Joanna,  b.  27  Oct. 

1691,  m.  Edward  Miller  2  Nov.    1715;  Jabez,  b.  30  Jan.   1695,  resided  at 
Marshfield  and  at  Chs.,  where  he  d.  12  May  1772,  leaving  posterity;  Susanna, 
b.  11  Ap.  1697;  Huldah,  b.  about  1699,  m.  Ebenezer  Kent  25  Dec.  1728,  and 
d.  25  Feb.  1730-31;  Abiel,  b.  6  Aug.  1701,  m.  Richard  Sprague  25  Dec.  1722. 
JOSEPH  the  f.  resided  in  Chs.,  was  a  Captain,  somewhat  engaged  in  public 
business,  and  late  in  life  became  an  attorney.     By  the  Records  of  Middlesex 
it  appears  that  in  Aug.  1719  "  Capt.  Joseph  Whittemore,  upon  his  motion  to 
the  Court,  was  admitted  and  sworn  before  the  Court  to  the  office  of  an  attor- 
ney."    Apparently,  however,  he  derived  not  much  pecuniary  advantage  from 
his  honorable  offices,  for  he  d.  insolvent  in  1746;  his  w.  Susanna  survived. 

10.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Esther  Brooks  of  Concord  about  1692, 
and  had  Benjamin,  b.  about  1696;  Nathaniel;  Aaron,  b.  13  Dec.  1711,  grad. 
H.  C.  1734,  ordained  at  Pembroke,  N.   H.,    1  Mar.  1737,  d.    16   Nov.   1767; 
Mary,  m.  John  Farr  of  Littleton  ;  Grace,  m.  Joseph  Wood  of  Littleton  ;  Me- 
hetabel ;  all  living  in   1734.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  res.  in  Concord,  was  a  promi- 
nent citizen,  Selectman,  and  several   years  Representative.     He  d.  8   Sept. 
1734;  his  w.  Esther  d.  1742. 

11.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deac.  William  French  of 
Billerica,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  25  Sept.  1718  ;  Jacob,  b.  3  Mar.  1721-2;  Sarah, 
bap.  4  Ap.  1724,  d.  15  Aug.  1734  ;  Abigail,  b.  8  Dec.  1725;  John,  b.  21   Aug. 
1727;  Nathaniel,  b.  26  June  1729.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  resided  at  Lex.,  was 
styled  a  physician,  and  was  an  almanac  maker.     He  d.  about  1754,  and  a 
second  w.,  Abigail,  survived. 


688  WHITTEMORE. 

12.  PELATIAH,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Elizabeth  Eustis  of  Boston  6  Oct.  1709, 
and  had  Joshua,  b.  at  Boston  31  July  1712  ;  and  perhaps  others.     PELATIAH 
the  f.  was  Commissary  in  the  expedition  against  Port  Royal  in  1707,  and  d.  at 
Chs.  21  Oct.  1724. 

13.  SAMUEL,  oldest  s.  of  Samuel  (7),  m.  Lydia  Scott,  and  had,  Samuel,  b. 
23  Jan.  1693.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  in  Chs.  31  Jan.  1693-4,  a.  21. 

14.  SAMUEL,  youngest  s.  of  Samuel  (7),  m.  Elizabeth ;  she  d.  5  June 

1764,  a.  63,  and  he  m.  Esther,  wid.  of  Thomas  Prentice,  Esq.,  and  formerly 
wid.  of  Amos  Muzzey  of  Lex.,  15  Aug.  1765.     His  chil.  were    Samuel,  b.  19 
Jan.  1721;  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Feb.  1724,  m.  William  Cutler  15  Sept.  1742,  and 
d.  29  Dec.  1770,  having  been  the  mother  of  thirty-six  children  (see  CUTLER, 
WILLIAM);  Sarah,  b.  12  Mar.  1725-6,  m.  John  Dickson,  Jr.,  19  Jan.  1749; 
Hannah,  b.  15  Nov.  1727,  d.  young;   Thomas,  b.  29  Oct.  1729;  Susanna,  b.  22 
Mar.  1730-31,  d.   suddenly,  unm  ,  5  Ap.  1752;    William,  bap.  29   Oct.  1732; 
Catherine,  bap.  23  Mar.  1734-5;  Hannah,  bap.  24  Ap.  1737,  m.  Thomas  Cut- 
ter 19  July  1757 ;  Mary,  b.  6  May  1741,  m.  Stephen  Whitmore  of  Medford  14 
July  1763.     SAMUEL  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  inherited  the  homestead,  which 
he  exchanged  with  Joseph  Russell  about  1730  for  an  estate  in  Menot.,  situated 
on  the  Main  Street,  adjoining  Alewife  or  Menotomy  River.     Both  in  body 
and  mind  he  was  a  sturdy,  energetic  man.     He  was  Selectman  sixteen  years 
between  1743  and  1762,  and   served  on  various  important  committees,  espe- 
cially during  the  Revolution ;  he  was  Captain  of  Dragoons  in  his  early  days, 
and  in  old  age  his  military  spirit  was  not  quenched.      (See  pp.  414,  415.)     He 
closed  his  long  and  eventful  life  3  Feb.  1793,  a.  96  years  and  6  months ;  the 
inscription  on  his  gravestone  gives  his  age  98,  and  his  obituary  99;  his  w. 
Esther  d.  at  Lex.  9  Sept.  1801,  a.  84. 

15.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (8),  by  w.  Dorothy,  had  Thomas,  b.  about  1715. 
THOMAS   the  f.  d.  about  1723,  and  his  w.  Dorothy  m.  Samuel  Jennison  of 
Wat.  before  Sept.  1727. 

16.  JOSEPH,   s.  of  Joseph  (9),  m.  Mehetabel  Raymond  at  Salem  Village 
(Danvers)  21  Feb.  1711-12,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  10  Oct.  1713;   Thomas,  b.  30 
Jan.  1715;  Josiah,  b.  20  Mar.  1721;  Joanna,  b.  15  Sept.  1723;  Mehetabel,  b. 

,  m.  Shippie  Townsend  of  Boston  1745,  and  d.  about  1747.     JOSEPH  the 

f.  was  a  joiner,  res.  at  Chs.,  and  d.  20  Feb.  1740-41 ;  his  w.  Mehetabel  d.  4  Ap. 
1731,  a.  38. 

17.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Benjamin  (10),  m.  Ruhamah  Locke  of  Woburn   15 
June  1726,  and  had  Joel,  b.  1728;  Sarah,  b.  1732  ;  Ruhama,  b.  1733.     BEN- 
JAMI;ST  the  f.  res.  at  Concord,  and  d.  22  Oct.  1734,  a.  38;  his  w.  Ruhama  m. 
Bond  before  24  Mar.  1746. 

18.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (13),  m.  Margaret,  dau.  of  Zechariah  Hicks,  13 
Oct.  1715;  she  d.  and  he  m.  Hannah  Livermore  of  Wat.  (pub.  24  May  1764). 
His  chil.  were  Elizabeth,  b.  24  Nov.  1716,  m.  Isaac  Watson,  Jr.,  3  Ap.  1740; 
Margaret,  b.  9  Aug.  1718  ;  Ruth,  b.  5  Nov.  1720,  m.  Capt.  William  Angler  15 
Sept.  1742;  Lydia,  b.  15  Dec.  1722,  m.  Caleb  Prentice  17  Sept.  1744;  Mary, 
b.  22  Nov.  1726;  m.  Samuel  Hastings  (pub.  7  Nov.  1746);  Samuel,  b.  15  and  d. 
22  Dec.  1728;  Hannah,  b.  19  Dec.  1730;  Samuel,  b.  12  June  1733.     SAMUEL 
the  f.  was  a  currier,  and  res.  at  the   S.  E.  corner  of  Brighton  and  Mount 
Auburn  streets;   his  homestead  comprised  what   was  afterwards  known  as 
the  Watson  estate  ;  he  also  owned  large  tracts  of  land  in  Cambridgeport  and 
elsewhere.     He  was  Deacon  of  the  Church  more  than  forty  years,  and  a  use- 
ful citizen.     For  many  years  he  kept  a  store  or  "  shop  "  in  a  part  of  his  house. 
He  d.  early  in  1784. 

19.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (14),  m.  Love  Stone   11  June  1747,  and  had 
Samuel,  b.  6  May  1748;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  3  Dec.  1749 ;  Elizabeth,  b.  7  Nov. 
1751,  d.  13  Mar.  1753;  Elizabeth,  b.  20   Oct.  1753,  m.  Amos  Warren  25  Nov. 
1773;  Nathan,  b.  18  Nov.  1757;  Jonathan,  b.  9  Nov.  1762;  Josiah,  b.  4  Dec. 
1 764.     SAMUEL  the  f .  was  a  farmer,  and  inherited  the  southerly  part  of  the 
homestead  in  Menot.;  he  was  Selectman  1780,  and  d.  5  Mar.  1800;  his  w. 
Love  d.  14  Feb.  1793,  a.  72. 

20.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Samuel  (14),  m.  Anna  Cutter  1  Feb.  1753,  and  had 


WHITTEMORE.  689 

Anna,  b.  14  Aug.  1754,  m.  Thomas  Russell  8  Mar.  1774  ;  Thomas,  b.  1  Oct. 
1756;  Amos,  bap.  22  Ap.  .1759;  William,  bap.  1  Feb.  1761;  Smanna,  b.  5 
Aug.  1763,  m.  Francis  Cutter  29  Dec.  1782;  Aaron,  b.  13  Aug.  1765,  d.  21 
Ap.  1766  ;  Aaron,  b.  30  and  d.  31  Mar.  1767;  Rhoda,  b.  2  Feb.  1770;  Lydia, 
b.  29  Nov.  1771;  Samuel,  b.  25  Mar.  1774;  Gershom,  b.  6  Ap.  1776.  THOMAS 
the  f .  was  a  farmer,  inherited  the  northerly  part  of  the  homestead  in  Menot. , 
and  d.  5  Oct.  1799;  his  w.  Anna  d.  17  Jan.  1816,  a.  84. 

21.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Samuel  (14),  m.  Abigail,  dau.  of  Capt.  Philip  Carteret 
of  Chs.,  and  a  descendant  from   President  Dunster,  12  Oct.  1758,  and   had 
Elizabeth  Carteret,  b.  4  Ap.  and  d.  8  Nov.  1763;  Elizabeth  Carteret,  b.  6  Oct. 
1764;  Philip  Carteret,  b.  1   Sept.  1766;    William,  b.  28  Jan.   1769,  d.  3  July 
1771 ;  William,  b.  30  June  1772,  m.  Anna  Cutter  of  Chs.  2  Feb.  1796;  Abigail, 
b.  16   Aug.  1776,  m.  John  Davenport  4  May  1801.     WILLIAM  the  f.  grad. 
H.  C.   1755,  taught  school  here   many  years  and  was   familiarly  known   as 
"  Master  Whittemore."     He  d.  at  his  residence  in  West  Cambridge  17  Mar. 
1818,  a.  nearly  86;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  27  Aug.  1807,  a.  70. 

22.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (16),  m.  at  Woburn,  Abigail  Phipps  of  Chs.  17 
Aug.  1732,  and  had  Sarah,  b.  31  Aug.  1736,  d.  unm.  16  Ap.  1762  (on  the  day 
of  her  father's  death);  a  child,  b.  and  d.  27  Mar.  1738;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  29 
Feb.  1739;   Thomas,  b.  8  July  1740;  Joseph,  b.  29  Nov.  1742,  m.  Alice  Ket- 
tell,  had  five  chil.,  and  d.  27  Nov.  1790;  Abigail,  b.  29  Nov.  1744,  m.  John 
Goodwin  5  Sept.  1763;  Mehetabel,  b.  26  Ap.  1746,  living  unm.  1762;  Josiah, 
b.  6  Aug.  1747,  d.  young;  Josiah,  b.  Jan.  1749,  d.  young.     Perhaps  Amos,  b. 
2  Aug.  1733,  and  Joseph,  b.  11  Sept.  1735,  were  of  this  family;  but  they  are 
recorded  as  chil.  of  Joseph  and  Sarah.     JOSEPH  the  f.  was  a  ferryman,  and 
afterwards  a  retailer  in  Charlestown,  and  d.  16  Ap.  1762,  a.  48  years  and  six 
months;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  9  Oct.  1773. 

23.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (18),  m.  Margaret  Gee  of  Boston  18  Mar.  1757; 
she  d.  25  Feb.  1773,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Parsons  of  Gloucester  27  Dec.  1774. 
His  chil.  were  Samuel,  b.  10  and  d.  18  June  1758;  Samuel,  b.  14  Jan.  1761,  d. 
2  Dec.  1790;  Joshua  Gee,  b.  11  Ap.   1762;  Nathaniel,  b.   19  Sept.  1765,  lost 
in  ship  Tempest,  1781  ;   George,  b.  25  Nov.  1768,   d.  17  Mar.  1771;  Sarah,  b. 
22  Oct.  1775;  Margaret,   b.    7  May  1777;  Hannah,  b.    13  Nov.  1779;  Jacob 
Parsons,  b.  4  July  1782,  d.  27  Jan.  1794;  Nathaniel,  b.  17  June  1784;  Nathan 
and  George,  twins,  b.  8  May  1786;  Lydia,  b.  8  June  1788.     SAMUEL  the  f. 
grad.   H.   C.   1751,  and  settled  in  Gloucester,  where  he  was  Schoolmaster, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  Representative.    He  was  appointed  Naval  Officer  at 
Gloucester  23  Nov.  1776.     He  d.  15  July  1806 ;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  1808. 

24.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (19),  m.  Elizabeth  Wilson  20  Mar.  1770,  who 
was  the  mother  of  all  his  children.     He  m.  2d,  wid.  Lucy  Dana.     His  chil. 
were,   a  child,   stillborn  27  or  29  May  1770;    Elizabeth,  b.   7  May  1772,  m. 
Ebenezer  Brooks  of  Medford  31  Mar.  1796;  Samuel,  b.   24  Dec.  1774;  John, 
b.  6  Mar.  1777,  d.  4  Sept.  1796;  Joseph,  b.  28  Feb.  1779;  a  child,  d.  14  May 
1781;  Aaron,  b.   3  Ap.   1782,  d.   21  July   1796;  James,  bap.   23  May   1790. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  resided  in  Menot.,  and  d.  6  Nov.  1822;  his  w.  Lucy  d.  15 
Dec.  1815,  a.  65. 

25.  NATHAN,  s.  of  Samuel  (19),  m.  Mehetabel  Cutter  7  Feb.  1781,  and 
had  Polly,  bap.  9  Dec.  1781;  Harriet,  bap.  29  Oct.  1783,  m.  Samuel  Jaques, 
and  d.   21   July  1837;   Charles,  b.  21  Nov.  1788,  d.  unm.  7  July  1807  ;  Eliza, 
bap.  16  Sept.  1791,  m.  John  Harris  1818;  Sarah,  b.  15  Dec.  1793,  m.  Henry 
Jaques,  1815.     NATHAN  the  f.  resided  within  the  bounds  of  Chs.,  and  d.  27 
Feb.  1825;  his  w.  Mehetabel  d.  3  Feb.  1832,  a.  75. 

26.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Samuel  (19),  m.  Rebecca  Munroe  of  Lex.   1  Feb. 
1795,  and  had  Rebecca,  bap.  10  Jan.  1796;  Sophronia,  bap.  1  Oct.  1797,  d.  9 
Oct.  1802,  and  called  Miranda  in  the  Record  of  her  death;   Elbridge,  bap.  26 
Dec.  1802;   Winslow,  bap.  24  Mar.  1805;  Miranda,  bap.  30  Nov.  1806;  Julia 
Ann,  bap.  18  Sept.  1808;  Francis  Henry,  bap.  25  Ap.  1819.    JONATHAN  the 
f.  resided  in  Menotomy. 

27.  JOSIAH, s.  of  Samuel  (19),  m.  Olive  Winship  of  Lex.,  and  had  Olive,  b. 
6  Dec.  1786,  m.  Joseph  Roby ;  Sally,  b.  15  Sept.  1788,  m.  Stephen  Wheeler, 

44 


690  WHITTEMORE. 

and  2d,  Joshua  Avery;  Sophia,  b.  22  Nov.  1790,  m.  Ezekiel  Cutter;  Louisa, 
b.  22  Feb.  1792  or  1793,  m.  Peleg  Bradley;  Josiah,  b.  8  May  1795;  Clarissa, 
b.  22  June  1797;  Edward,  b.  22  Nov.  1799;  Elmira,  b.  28  Dec.  1801  ;  Mary, 
b.  27  July  1803.  JOSIAH  the  f.  was  styled  Major,  resided  in  Menotomy,  and 
d.  3  Ap.  1836 ;  his  w.  Olive  d.  in  May  or  June  1840,  a.  74. 

28.  THOMAS,  s.    of  Thomas  (20),  m.  Sukey  (Susanna)  Cutter   16  Nov. 
1783,   and   had    Sukey,    b.   1784,   m.   Jonathan    Butterfield    21    Sept.   1806; 
Thomas,  b.  about  1786;  Ezekiel,  b.  1788;  these  three  bap.  together  12  Oct. 
1788;  Ebenezer  Francis,  bap.   21   Feb.  1790,  d.  23  Aug.    1796;  Anna  Cutter, 
bap.  30  Oct.  1791 ;  Maria,  bap.  27  July  1794,  d.  10  Feb.  1795;   Maria,  bap. 
15    Oct.    1797;    Ebenezer  Francis,    bap.    25    Aug.    1799,    d.    13   Dec.    1804. 
THOMAS  the  f.  res.  in  Menotomy,  and  d.  22  Sept.  1805;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  11 
Oct.  1818,  a.  57. 

29.  AMOS,  s.  of  Thomas  (20),  m.  Helen  Weston  18  June  1781,  and  had 
Amos,  b.  16  Ap.  1782;    Timothy,  b.  10  Mar.  1784;   Helen,  b.  29  July  1786,  d. 
17   Nov.   1787;   Helen,  b.    21   Ap.    1788,   m.  Jonas  Prentiss   22   Feb.   1807; 
Clarissa,  b.  3  Nov.   1789,  m.  Thomas  Davis  2  Oct.   18<)8,  d.  11   May  1814; 
Harriet,  b.  6  Ap.  1792,  d.  9  Sept.  1802;   Nancy,  b.  1  May  1794,   d.  25   Sept. 
18(>2;   Gershom,  b.  20  Jan.  1796;   Henry,  b.  1  Sept.  1798;  Letitia,  b.  26  Mar. 
1799,  m.  Horatio  H.   Fiske  2  Mar.   1818;  Mary,   b.  2  Sept.  1801,  d.  24  Aug. 
1802;   Harriet,  b.  13  Aug.  1806,  m.  Herman  Foster  8  Nov.   1826.     AMOS  the 
f.  resided  in  Menotomy,  and  was  widely  renowned  as  a  card  maker,  and  inven- 
tor of  a  machine  for  that  purpose.     He   d.  27  Mar.  1828  ;  his  w.  Helen  d.   15 
Oct.  1829. 

30.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Thomas  (20),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Nehemiah  Cutter, 
2   Nov.   1783,  and  had   '•'•Elizabeth,  Hannah,   Sarah,   William,   Caroline;  the 
foregoing  d.  unm.     James  Madison,  m.  twice,  a  physician,  d.  in   Brighton    7 
Dec.  1863,  aged  68;    Thomas  Jefferson,  m.  and  removed  to  New  York;  Mary 
Ann,  m.  Henry  S.  Low  of  Boston,  is  deceased;  John  Hancock,  name  changed 
to  William,  m.  Lucinda  King  of  Charleston,  S.  C.,  served  in  the  Mexican  War, 
and  d.  in  Oregon  about  1850-51."    {Cutter  Family,  p.  250.)    WILLIAM  the  f. 
res.  in  Menotomy,  and  was  largely  engaged  in   the  manufacture  of  cards  and 
in  merchandise.     He  was   Selectman  of  Cambridge   1803-1805,  Representa- 
tive, 1804-1806,  Senator,  1820,  1821.     He  d.  2  Nov.  1842,  a.  81. 

31.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Thomas  (20),  was  a  merchant  in  New  York,  and   Presi- 
dent of  the  Greenwich  Bank.     He  d.  22  June  1835,  aged  61. 

32.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (24),  m.  Lydia  Perry  19  July  1796,  and  had 
Samuel,  bap.  21  Jan.  1798;  John,  bap.  6  Ap.  1800;  Lydia,  bap.  17  May  1802; 
Maria,  bap.  31  Ap.  1804 ;  Aaron,  bap.  12  Ap.  1807.     SAMUEL  the  f.  d.  8  Oct. 
1808,  a.  34. 

33.  AMOS,  s.  of  Amos  (29),  m.  Rebecca  Russell  of  Charlestown  22  April 
1804,  and  had  Mary,  bap.  5  May  1805,  m.  Dr.  Benjamin  Cutter  26  Sept.  1824; 
Rebecca,  bap.  5  Ap.  1807;  Helen,  bap.  20  Aug.  1809;   Clarissa  Davis,  bap.  17 
May  1812;  Amos,  bap.  19  June  1814,  a  machinist  and   inventor  in  Cambridge- 
port ;  James  Russell,  bap.  15  Mar.    1818;   Charles  Barton,  bap.  9  July  1820; 
George  Clinton  and  Caroline  Langdon,  bap.  7  Oct.  1827.     AMOS  the  f.  res.  at 
West  Camb.,  and  d.  5  Aug.  1827,  a.  45. 

34.  PHILIP,  his  w.  Sarah,  and  children  Philip  Augustus,  William  Henry, 
Henry  William,  and  Sarah,  were  all  bap.  18  July  1824. 

35.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Joseph   (22),  m.  Elizabeth  Rand  8  Ap.  1762,  and  had 
Sarah,  b.  16  Jan.  1 763;  Joseph,  b.  11   Sept.  1766.     THOMAS  the  f.  resided  in 
Chs.,  was  a  chaise  maker,  and  d.  7  Ap.  1773,  a.  about  33;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d. 
1815,  at  a  good  old  age. 

36.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Thomas  (35),  m.  Comfort  Quiner  11  Ap.  1794,  and  had 
Eliza,  b.  14  Sept.  1794,  d.  7  Dec.  1795;  Eliza,  b.  12  Feb.  1796,  m.  Barnabas 
Edmands  of  Charlestown  8  Aug.  1824,  and  d.  5  June  1852  ;  Joseph,  b.  12  Dec. 
1797,  a  merchant  in   Fredericksburg,  Va.,  m.  Narcissa  Perry,  and  d.  22  July 
1831  ;  Thomas,  b.  1  Jan.  1800,  a  clergyman  in  Cambridge,  and  Pres.  of  Camb. 
Bank,  and  of  the  Vermont  and  Massachusetts  Railroad,  Editor  of  the  Trumpet, 
and  author  of  several  valuable  books,  m.  Lovice  Corbett  of  Milford   17   Sept. 


WHITTEMORE  —  WILLARD.  691 

1821,  res.  in  Cambridgeport,  and  d.  21  Mar.  1861  ;  Sarah  Rand,  b.  18  Mar. 
1802,  in.  John  Ferguson  1818,  and  was  bur.  10  Aug.  1833;  Benjamin  Bruce, 
b.  5  Nov.  1805,  a  merchant  in  Fredericksburg,  d.  unm.  10  Aug.  1829;  Abigail 
Riggs,  b.  22  Oct.  1807,  m.  Lucius  R.  Paige  5  Oct.  1834,  d.  23  Dec.  1843;  John 
McClure,  b.  16  Jan.  1810,  a  merchant  in  Fredericksburg,  and  afterwards  in 
New  York,  m.  Martha  Eliza  Lucas  17  Jan.  1831;  Alice  Bruce,  b.  29  Nov. 
1811,  d.  22  Nov.  1812;  Alice  Bruce,  b.  and  d.  8  May  1814.  JOSEPH  the  f. 
was  a  baker,  and  resided  in  Boston  until  about  1806,  when  he  removed  to 
Chs.,  where  he  d.  13  Jan.  1814,  a.  47  ;  his  w.  Comfort  d.  1830. 

WIGGLKSWORTH,  EDWARD,  s.  of  Rev.  Michael  Wigglesworth  of  Maiden, 
by  his  last  wife,  Sybil  Sparhawk,  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  President  Leverett,  15 
June  1726  ;  she  d.  s.  p.  9  Nov.  1727,  and  he  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Deac.  Joseph 
Coolidge,  10  Sept.  1729.  His  children  were  Rebecca,  b.  18  June  1730,  m. 
Prof.  Stephen  Sewall  9  Aug.  1763,  and  d.  1783;  Edward,  b.  7  Feb.  1732; 
Mary,  b.  26  Ap.  1733,  d.  5  July  1758;  Sybil,  bap.  19  Sept.  1736,  d.  28  Dec. 
1740.  EDWARD  the  f.  was  born  about  1692,  grad.  H.  C.  1710,  Fellow  1724- 
1 765,  D.  D.  Edinb.  1  730,  and  was  the  first  Professor  of  Divinity  in  H.  C.  1 721- 
1765.  He  d.  16  Jan.  1765  ;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  5  June  1754,  aged  54.  In  a 
funeral  sermon,  Dr.  Appleton  described  him  as  a  learned,  faithful,  and  success- 
ful teacher,  a  "very  useful  member  "  of  the  College  government  and  corpora- 
tion, and  a  Christian  whose  example  was  worthy  of  imitation.  He  res.  on  the 
northerly  side  of  Harvard  Street,  opposite  to  the  head  of  Holyoke  Street,  on 
the  spot  previously  occupied  by  Hooker,  Shepard,  Mitchell,  and  Leverett. 
The  southwesterly  corner  of  Boylston  Hall  stands  on  a  part  of  the  estate. 

2.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Margaret  Hill  of  Boston  (pub  5  Oct. 
1765);  she  d.  Ap.  1776,  and  he  m.  Dorothy  Sparhawk  6  Jan.  1778;  she  d.  25 
Aug.  1782,  and  he  m.  Sarah  Wigglesworth  20  Oct.  1785.  His  children  were 
Margaret,  b.  28  Dec.  1766,  m.  Rev.  John  Andrews  of  Newburyport  8  Sept. 
1789,  and  survived  to  old  age;  Mary,  bap.  13  Nov.  1768,  d.  Aug.  1784;  Ed- 
ward Stephen,  bap.  17  Nov.  1771,  grad.  H.  C.  1789,  commenced  the  study  of 
medicine,  but  d.  of  consumption  Aug.  1790;  Thomas,  bap.  1  Aug.  1773,  d. 
June  1775  ;  Thomas,  b.  in  Concord  (where  the  College  exercises  were  pursued 
during  the  occupation  of  Cambridge  by  the  Continental  Troops)  2  Nov.  1775, 
an  eminent  merchant  in  Boston,  d.  27  Mar.  1855.  EDWAKD  the  f.  grad.  H.  C. 
1749,  was  Tutor  1764,  succeeded  his  father  as  Hollis  Professor  of  Divinity 
1765,  Fellow  of  the  College  1779-1792,  D.  D.  1786.  He  resigned  his  Profes- 
sorship in  1791,  being  disabled  by  paralysis,  which  office,  President  Quincy 
says,  "  he  sustained  for  twenty-six  years,  with  an  equal  reputation  for  learn- 
ing, fidelity,  and  a  catholic  spirit."  He  inherited  the  homestead,  and  d.  17 
June  1794. 

WILCOX,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Wilcock,  Wilcocke,  and  Wilcocks), 
m.  Mary  Powell  22  Jan.  1650,  resided  on  the  southerly  side  of  Brattle  Street, 
near  Ash  Street,  and  d.  28  Nov.  1653;  he  probably  had  no  children.  In  his 
will,  he  devised  his  whole  estate  to  his  wife,  so  long  as  she  remained  his  widow; 
upon  her  death  or  marriage,  it  was  to  be  distributed,  —  to  Mr.  Mitchell,  £5  ;  to 
Elder  Frost,  £4;  to  cousin  John  Woods,  £10;  "to  my  loving  brethren  that 
were  of  my  family  meeting,  viz.,  Roger  Bancroft,  John  Hasting,  Thomas  Fox, 
William  Patten,  and  Francis  Whitmore,  I  give  20s.  apiece";  to  my  sister 
wid.  Hall,  20s.;  to  her  son  William  and  daughter  Susan,  10s.  each;  "  to  my 
honest  brother  Richard  Francis,  20s.";  to  bro.  John  Taylor,  40s.;  to  Thomas 
Shepard,  for  his  father's  sake,  £5  ;  and  the  remainder  to  the  children  of  his 
sister  Christian  Boyden  in  England.  His  w.  Mary  m.  Jacob  Eliot  9  January 
1654-5. 

WILKINSON,  ISABEL,  a  widow,  was  here  early,  and  had  several  grants  of 
land;  she  probably  resided  in  the  family  of  Edward  Winship,  with  whom 
she  owned  certain  lands  in  common;  she  was  mother  to  the  wives  of  Edward 
Winship  and  Edward  Goffe.  She  d.  23  Feb.  1655. 

WILLARD,  MAJOR  SIMON,  from  the  County  of  Kent,  came  to  N.  Eng.  in 
1634,  and  settled  here;  his  residence  was  at  the  S.  E.  corner  of  Dunster  and 
Winthrop  streets;  in  1635  he  removed  to  Concord,  of  which  place  he  was 


692  WILLARD  —  WILLIAMS. 

the  most  prominent  citizen  during  his  long  life  ;  for  about  forty  years  in 
succession,  he  served  as  Representative  and  Assistant,  and  commanded  the 
Middlesex  militia  many  years. 

2.  JOSEPH,  son  of  Rev.  Joseph  of  Biddeford,  who  was  son  of  John,  a  mer- 
chant at  Jamaica,  who  was  son  of  Rev.  Samuel  of  Boston,  Vice  President  of 
Harvard  College,  who  was  son  of  Major  Simon   (1),  was  born  at  Biddeford 
29  Dec.   1738,  grad.  H.  C.  1765,  Tutor  and  Fellow,  ordained  at  Beverly  25 
Nov.  1772,  D.  D.  1785.     He  was  inaugurated  President  of  Harvard  College, 
19  Dec.  1781,  rem.  his  family  here  2  Jan.   1782,  and  continued  in  office,  and 
a  resident  of  Cambridge,  during  the  remainder  of  life.     He  m.  Mary  Sheaffe 
of  Portsmouth  7  Mar.  1774,  and  had  in  Beverly,  Sophia,  m.  Francis  Dana,  Jr., 
4  .Aug.  1802;  Augustus,  grad.  H.  C.  1793,  d.  unm.  7  July  1799;  Mary,  d.  unm. 
26  Dec.  1860;  and  Sidney ;  and  in  Camb.,  Samuel,  b.  26  Ap.  1782,  resided 
several  years  in  Waltham,  d.  here  unm.  18  Oct.  1848,  a.  66  ;  Thomas  Hollis,  b. 
14  Feb.  1784,  d.  23  Nov!  1785;  Horatio,  b.  16   Sept.  1785,  d.  8  Aug.   1793  ; 
Jacob  Sheaffe,  b.    19  Jan.    1788,  a  student  in  H.  C.,  d.  27  July  1805,  a.  17  ; 
Lucinda,  b.  12  Dec.  1789,  d.  unm.  11  Ap.  1864;  Amelia,  b.  9  Oct.  1791,  d.  9 
Jan.  1793;  Augusta,  b.  31  Oct.  1792  ;  Ann  Theodora,  b.  14  Oct.  1795;  Joseph, 
b.  14  Mar.  1798,  grad.  H.  C.  1816,  a  lawyer  in  Lancaster  and  afterwards  in 
Boston,  clerk  of  Supreme  Judicial  Court,  d.  12  May  1865.     JOSEPH  the  f.  d. 
25  Sept.  1804;  his  w.  Mary  d.  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  6  Mar.  1826. 

3.  SIDNEY,  s.  of  Joseph  (2),  grad.  H.  C.  1798,  prepared  for  the  ministry 
and  often  preached,  but  was  not  ordained;  Professor  of  the  Hebrew  and  other 
Oriental  Languages  in  H.  C.  from  1807  to  1831;  Representative  1833,  1837, 
1843;  Senator  1834,  1835;  member  of  the  Executive  Council  1837, 1838,  1840; 
and  Mayor  of  Camb.  1848,  1849,   1850.     He  m.  Elizabeth  Ann  Andrews  of 
Ipswich  28  Dec.  1815;  she  d.  17  Sept.  1817,  and  he  m.  Hannah  S.  Heard  of 
Ipswich  27  Jan.  1819.     His  chil.  were,  by  1st  w.,  Joseph  A.,  who  m.  Penelope 
Cochran  5  Sept.  1841,  res.  on  Allston  Street,  and  has  long  been  Clerk  of  the 
Superior  Court  in  Boston;  and  by  2d  w.,  Mary  Ann,  d.  young;  Augustus,  grad. 
H.  C.  1841,  d.  1842;  Hannah  Stamford,  m.  John  Bartlett  4  June  1851.     SID- 
NEY the  f.  was  b.  19  Sept.  1780,  res.  several  years  in  Ward  One,  and  after- 
wards on  Allston   Street,  where  he  d.  6  Dec.  1856  ;  his  w.  Hannah  S.  d.  28 
June  1824. 

4.  JONATHAN,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Elizabeth,  had  Abigail,  b. 
18  Sept.  1716;  Josiah,  bap.  21   Oct.  1722;  Benjamin,  bap.  5  Jan.  1724.     His 
w.  Elizabeth  having  d.  he  m.  Mary,  dau.  of   Samuel  Cook,  23  Jan.  1728-9, 
and  rem.  to  Sutton  before  29  Nov.  1731. 

WILLIAMS,  ISAAC,  s.  of  Robert  Williams,  b.  at  Roxbury  1  Sept.  1638,  m. 
Martha,  dau.  of  Deac.  William  Park  of  Roxbury,  and  settled  on  the  south 
side  of  the  river,  in  what  is  now  Newton,  1660,  being  one  of  the  first  three 
who  established  themselves  in  the  West  Parish.  He  was  a  weaver  by  occu- 
pation, but  a  prominent  man  in  public  life,  being  a  Captain  of  Militia  in  a 
troublesome  and  dangerous  period,  and  Representative  six  years  between 
1692  and  1705.  His  w.  Martha  d.  and  he  m.  Judith  Cooper  before  1680;  he 
d.  11  Feb.  1707,  a.  69.  His  chil.  were  Isaac,  b.  11  Dec.  1661,  had  a  large 
family,  and  d.  at  Roxbury  1739;  Martha,  b.  27  Dec.  1663;  William,  b.  2 
Feb.  1665,  grad.  H.  C.  1683,  minister  at  Hatfield,  d.  1741;  John,  b.  31  Oct. 
1667;  Eleazar,  b.  22  Oct.  1669,  rem.  to  Stonington,  and  d.  1725;  Hannah,  b. 
8  Oct.  1671 ;  Thomas,  b.  23  Dec.  1673 ;  by  second  w.  (Judith  Cooper),  Peter, 
b.  31  Aug.  1680,  d.  1732;  Elizabeth;  Mary;  Sarah,  b.  2  Oct.  1688;  Ephraim, 
b.  21  Oct.  1691,  a  Colonel,  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Abraham  Jackson,  by  whom 
he  had  Eleazer,  b.  23  Feb.  1715,  a  Colonel,  and  the  founder  of  Williams  Col- 
lege, slain  in  battle  8  Sept.  1755;  and  Thomas,  b.  1  Ap.  1718,  a  physician  in 
Hatfield,  d.  1775 ;  he  d.  when  on  a  visit  at  Hatfield  Aug.  1754,  a.  63. 

2.  JOHN,  perhaps  s.  of  Isaac  (1),  though  Jackson  says  that  Isaac's  son  John 
removed  to  Stonington,  Conn.,  res.  at  Menot.,  and  by  w.  Mary  had  Jason,  b. 
1  Nov.  1694,  living  in  1748;  John,  b.  22  May  1697;  Nathaniel,  b.  31  Oct. 
1699,  pub.  Anna  Davies  30  July  1738,  d.  at  Menot.  s.  p.  20  July  1748;  Mary,  b. 
26  Oct.  1701 ;  Martha,  b.  29  June  1704;  Damaris,  b.  17  Feb.  1706-7,  m.  Jer- 


WILLIAMS.  693 

emiah  Russell  12  Jan.  1737-8;  Thomas,  b.  2  Jan.  1708-9;  Sarah,  b.  31  May 
1712.  JOHN  the  f.  d.  17  Jan.  1752,  a.  85,  according  to  Rev.  Mr.  Cooke's 
Record  of  deaths;  his  w.  Mary  d.  17  Feb.  1772.  a.  102,  according  to  the  same 
Record.  See  SPARHAWK,  NATHANIEL  (4). 

3.  THOMAS,  s.  of  John  (2),  m.  Sarah  Cutter  (pub.  1   Oct.   1731);  she  d.  1 
Nov.   1772,  and  he  m.  Mary  Winship  (pub.  14  Aug.  1773).     His  chil.  were 
Thomas,  b.  22  Feb.  1733-4,  pub.  to  Lydia  Child  of  Newton  18  Mar.  1754,  and 
d.  26  July  1756;  John,  b.  27  Jan.  1735-6,  m.  Elizabeth  Priest  of  Waltham  13 
Dec.  1764;  Gershom,b.  3  Mar.  1738;  Sarah,  b.  9  Ap.  1740,  in.  Samuel  Swan 
1  Jan.    1761;  Hannah,  b.   26   Ap.  1742,  d.  unm.  7  Feb.    1773;  Aaron,  b.  28 
May  1744,  m.  Deborah  Robbins  of  Lex.  12  May  1772;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  12 
Ap.  1751 ;  Mary,  b.  about  1752,  d.  5  June  1769,  a.  17.     THOMAS  the  f.  res. 
at  Menot.,  and  d.  5  Feb.  1809,  a.  100  years  and  one  month;  the  Church  Rec- 
ord calls  him  101  years  old. 

4.  GERSHOM,  s.  of  Thomas  (3),  m.  Martha  Wilson  3  Feb.  1765,  and  had 
Gershorn,  bap.  6  July  1766,  and  d.  31  Dec.  1808;  Martha,  bap.  27  Nov.  1768; 
Mary,  bap.  16  June  1771,  d.  12  Sept.  1771.     GERSHOM  the  f.  res.  at  Menot. 
and  d.  6  Dec.  1824,  a.  86;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  24  May  1803,  a.  60. 

5.  AMASA,  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Peggy  Cunningham  17  Ap.  1796, 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Feb.  1797  ;  Amasa,  b.  5  Feb.  1799;  Mary,  b.  5  Dec. 
1801  ;  Lydia,  b.  5  July  1803;   Thomas  Burrell,b.  30  Oct.  1805. 

6.  JAMES,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Ann  had  Ann,  b.  7  Aug.  and 
d.  9  Oct.  1797;  Ann  the  mother  d.  20  Sept.  1797. 

7.  WARHAM,  s.  of  Rev.  John  Williams  of  Deerfield,  and  grandson  of  Deac. 
Samuel  of  Roxbury,  was  b.  7  Sept.  1699,  grad.  H.  C.  1719,  ordained  at  Water- 
town  West  Precinct,   now  Waltham,  11   June   1723,  m.   Abigail   Leonard  of 
Norton  1724,  and  had  John,  b.  1  and  d.  21  Mar.  1728-9;  Abigail,  b.  12  Feb. 
1729-30,  m.  Rev.  Samuel  Woodward  of  Weston  11  Jan.  1753;  Anna,  b.  27 
May   1732,   m.    Rev.  Jacob  Gushing,   her   father's   successor,   8  Nov.  1753; 
Eunice,  b.   8   Feb.  1733-4,  d.  30   Sept.  1743;  Samuel,  b.   12  Dec.  1735,  d.  27 
Feb.  1742-3;  Sarah,  b.  2  Dec.  1737,  m.  Rev.  Joseph  Parsons  of  Brookfield  24 
Nov.  1763,;  he  d.  17  Jan.  1771,  and  she  m.  Rev.  Eliphalet  Williams  of  Hart- 
ford 12  June  1777;  Leonard,  b.  13  July  1739,  grad.  H.  C.  1758,  a  physician, 
resided  at  Waltham,  where  he  was  a  Selectman,  Assessor,  Treasurer,  Town 
Clerk.  Representative,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace;  he  d.unm.  24  Dec.  1799;  Ele- 
azar,  b.  8  Jan.  1741-2,  d.  5  Mar.  1742-3;  Samuel,  b.  23  Ap.  1743.    Rev.  WAR- 
HAM  the  f.  d.  22  June  1751;  his  w.  Abigail  d.  of  cancer  18  Sept.  1789,  a.  86. 

8.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Warham  (7),  grad.  H.   C.  1761,  a  clergyman,  LL.  D. 
(Y.  C.)   1786,  Professor  of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Philosophy  in  H.  C. 
from  1780  to  1788,  rem.  to  Vermont  about  1789,  of  which  state  he  published 
a  History,  and  d.  1817.     The  only  child  (by  his  w.  Jane)  whose  birth  is  re- 
corded here,  was  Charles  Kilborn,  b.  23  Jan.  1782,  grad.  Mid.  Col.  1803,  and 
became  Governor  of  Vermont. 

9.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Deac.  Nathaniel,  was  b.  at  Boston  25  Aug.  1675,  grad. 
H.  C.  1693,  ordained  in  the  College  Chapel  1698,  and  went  to  Barbadoes,  but 
soon  returned  and  was  appointed  Master  of  the  Grammar  School  in  Boston 
1703,  which  office  he  held  until  1734.     He  was  nephew,  by  the  mother,  to 
Dr.  James  Oliver  of  Camb.  and  availed  himself  of  the  opportunity  to  study 
the  science  of   medicine.      Upon   the  death  of   Dr.   Oliver,  Mr.  Williams, 
"  being  furnished  with  his  books,  papers,  medicines,  and  apparatus,  belonging 
to  the  physical  art  "engaged  in  the  practice,  and  became  an  eminent  physi- 
cian.   He  m.  in  Camb.,  Ann  Bradstreet,  dau.  of  Dr.  Samuel,  and  granddaugh- 
ter of  Gov.  Simon  Bradstreet,  21  Nov.  1 700 ;  she  was  sister  to  the  wife  of 
his  uncle,  Dr.  Oliver.     He  d.  10  Jan.  1737-8,  a.  62;  his  wife  Ann  and  two 
daughters  survived.     An  obituary  was  published  in  the  N.  Eng.  Weekly  Jour- 
nal, a  week  after  his  decease,  from  which  most  of  these  facts  are  gathered. 

ABRAHAM,  of  Marlborough,  m.  Elizabeth  Bordman  18  Feb.  1730-31. 
THOMAS,  m.  Abigail  Sparhawk  30  Aug.  1733.  JOHN,  of  Lynn,  m.  Martha 
Bordman  9  Oct.  1740.  ABIGAIL,  m.  John  Savell  7  Aug.  1755.  ANNA,  in. 
Ebenezer  Parker  25  Oct.  1749.  JOSIAH,  m.  Experience  Hovey  of  Lex.  17 


694  WILLIAMS  — WILSON. 

Dec.  1776.    MEHETABEL,  m.  Manuel  Grace  10  Ap.  1777.     EXPERIENCE,  m. 
Ebenezer  Prentice  24  Nov.  1 785. 

WILLIS,  GEORGE  (otherwise  written  Willowes  and  Willois),  m.  wid.  Jane 
Palfrey,  and  had  Thomas,  b.  28  Dec.  1638;  Stephen,  b.  14  Oct.  1644.  GEORGE 
the  f.  res.  on  the  westerly  side  of  Garden  Street,  near  the  Washington  Elm. 
Hed.  1690;  a  second  w.  Sarah  survived. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  George  (1),  by  w.  Grace,  had  in  Billerica,  Grace,  b.  18 
May  1664;  Stephen,  b.  25  Nov.  and  d.   30  Dec.  1669;  John,  b.  3  Ap.  1671  ; 
and  in  Medf.,  Elizabeth,  b.  19  Oct.  1673  ;  Jane,  b.  9  Ap.  1677  ;  Stephen,  b.  16 
Nov.  1679;  Mary,  b.  1  Mar.  1682;    William,  b.  7  July  1685,  and  d.  at  Medf. 

27  Aug.  1754,  and  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  30  Sept.  1754,  a.  62.     THOMAS  the  f. 
was  elected  Deacon  of  the  Medford  Church  at  its  organization  or  reorganiza- 
tion 1713,  and  d.  14  Aug.  1725. 

3.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  George  (1),  by  w.  Hannah  had  Hannah,  b.  about  1672, 

m. Seccomb,  and  is  named  in  her  father's  will  ;  Stephen,  b.  about  1674  ; 

Abigail,  b.  3  Oct.  1677,  m.  William  Patten  of  Camb.  3  Jan.  1  700-1 701 ;   Thomas, 
b.  16  Nov.  1679,  a  Deacon  of  the  Medf.  Church,  d.  16  May  1731  ;  John,  b.  6 
Aug.  1681  ;  Jonathan,  b.  1  Ap.  1683;  Lydia,  b.  1  Mar.  1684-5,  prob.  d.  young; 
Benjamin,  b.  30  Oct.  1686,  a  Deacon  of  the  Medf.  Church;  his  w.  Ruth  d.  19 

Feb.  1752,  a.  59  ;  Mary,  b.  15  July  1690,  in. Parker.     STEPHEN  the  f. 

was  a  carpenter,  and  resided  in  Medf.  where  he  d.  29  July  1718;  his  w.  Han- 
nah d.  22  Mar.  1732,  a.  80. 

4.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Stephen  (3),  m.  Susanna,  dau.  of  Maj.  Jonathan  Wade, 
18  Dec.  1698,  and  had  Susanna,  b.  1699,  d.  7  Nov.  1700.  a.  1  year;  Deborah, 
b.  27  June  1701,  d.  unm.  15  July  1718.     STEPHEN  the  f.  d.  13  Mar.  1717-18. 

ESTHER,  w.  of  Andrew,  d.  here  29  Dec.  1721,  a.  24. 

WILLY,  TIMOTHY,  m.  Elizabeth  Daues  4  Dec.  1677. 

WILSON,  ROBERT,  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  Andrew  Stevenson,  and  had  Debo- 
rah, b.  25  Sept.  1666,  m.  Elisha  Bull  7  June  1689;  Sarah,  b.  6  Oct.  1668,  m. 
Croford  ;  Andrew,  b.  17  Ap.  1670.  ROBERT  the  f.  d.  prob.  about  1685. 

2.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Robert  (1),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Andrew,  b.  12  May  1696; 
Hannah,  b.  10  Aug.  1698,  m.  Benjamin  Hopkins  of  Billerica   27  Mar.  1723; 
Deborah,  b.  12  Oct.  1700,  m.  John  Perry  of  Lex.  before  27  Ap.  1724;  John,  b. 

28  Jan  1702-3;  Mary,\).  11  Mar.  1706-7;  Damaris,  b.  1  Nov.  1708,  d.  young; 
Damaris,  b.  25  Aug.  1710;  ANDREW  the  f.  d.  1722  ;  his  wid.  Hannah  survived. 

3.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (2),  m.   Sarah  Sherman  of  Wat.  7  June  1722, 
and  had  Sarah,  b.  1  Nov.  1722,  m.  Jonathan  Wyeth  14  Nov.  1750;  Joseph, 
b.  11  Dec.  1724;  Hannah,  bap.  19  Feb.  1726-7;  Damaris,  bap.  8  Dec.  1728; 
Josiah,  bap.  24  May  1730;   Lydia,  bap.  28  May  1732;  Andrew,  bap.    29   Ap. 
1733.     ANDREW,  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  and  d.  20  June  1757;  his  w.  Sarah  d. 
27  Nov.  1772,  a.  77. 

4.  JOHN.  s.  of  Andrew  (2),  by  w.  Martha,  had  Josiah,  bap.  24  May  1730; 
Lydia,  bap.   28  May  1732;  John,  l>ap.  17  Mar.  1733—4,  d.  young;  John,  bap. 
30   Nov.   1740;  Martha,  bap.   2  Jan.   1742-3,  m.  Gershom  Williams  5  Feb. 
1765;  Phebe,  bap.  19  May  1745,  m.  Nathan  Swan  21  June  1770;  Anna,  bap. 
21  Jan.  1749-50;  m.  Edward  Richardson  of  Concord  16  May  1771  ;  Susanna, 
bap.  1  Dec.  1751  ;  Josiah,  bap.  5  May  1754.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  and 
d.  11  Feb.  1773;  his  w.  Martha  d.  26  Nov.  1797,  a  86. 

5.  ANDREW,  s.  of  Andrew  (3),  m.   Joanna  Winship  5  July  1757,  and  had 
Andrew,  bap.   28  May  1758;   Sarah,  bap.  15  July  1759,  m.  "Henry  Dana  31 
Aug.  1786  ;  Joanna,  bap.  7  Dec.  1760,  d.  unm.  28  Feb.  1780;  Benjamin,  bap.  15 
May  1763,  m.  Elizabeth  Brown  12  Mar.  1787.     ANDREW  the  f.  res.  in  Menot. 

6.  EDWARD,  prob.  s.  of  John  (4),  res.  at  Menot.,  m.  Lucy  Francis  of  Medf. 
23  Nov.  1758,  and  had  Joseph,  b.  9  Oct.  1759,  m.  Elizabeth  Caldwell  6  Mar. 
1785;  Lucy,  b.  21  Jan.  1761  ;  Edward,  bap.  11  Ap.  1762;   Ebenezer,  bap.  21 
Aug.  1763;   Rachel,  bap.  17  Feb.  1765;   Samuel,  bap.  14   Sept.   1766;   Na- 
Ihaniel,  bap.  21  Feb.  1768;    William,  bap.  5  Nov.   1769  ;   Aaron,  bap.  17  Mar. 
1771 ;  a  son,  b   16  and  d.  17  Dec.  1772,  "  with  one  hand  "  ;   Francis,  bap.  7 
Aug.  1774;  Andrew,  bap.  5  Jan.  1777;    Thomas,  bap.  25  Oct.  1778. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (4),  m.  Susanna  Payne  10  Oct.  1765,  and  had  John, 


WILSON  — WINSHIP.  695 

hap.  2  Nov.  1766,  m.  Lydia  Meek  of  Salem  31  Mar.  1793,  and  d.  at  West 
Camb.  24  Sept.  1822;  Susanna,  bap.  14  Ap.  1771;  William,  bap.  30  Aug. 
1772;  Sarah,  bap.  9  June  1776;  Hannah,  bap.  15  May  1779.  JOHN  the  f. 
resided  in  Menot. 

8.  JOSIAH,  s.  of  John  (4),  ra.  Hannah  Frost  13  Ap.  1780,  and  had  Josiah, 
bap.  22  Oct.  1780,  d.  4  Nov.  1818;   Hannah,  bap.  8  Dec.  1782.     JOSIAH,  the 
f.  d.  at.  Menot.  10  Oct.  1808 ;  his  w.  Hannah  d.  10  Mar.  1810,  a.  52. 

9.  RICHARD,  parentage  not  ascertained,  "  for  his  gross  abuse  of  his  master, 
Thomas  Cheesholme,  in  base  reviling  speeches,  and  refusing  to  obey  his  law- 
ful commands,  was  censured  to  be   severly  whipped."     (Col.  Rec.,   29  Ap. 
1641).     Perhaps  he  was  the  same  who  had  a  grant  of  land  1645.     No  further 
trace  of  him  is  found  on  our  records. 

SEABORNE,  m.  David  Fiske  6  Sept.  1655.  CATHERINE,  m.  John  Lopaus  6 
Nov.  1760.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Samuel  Whittemore  3d,  20  Mar.  1770.  LYDIA, 
m.  Joseph  Belknap  5  Jan.  1773.  THOMAS,  m.  Susanna  Patrick  29  Aug. 
1785. 

WINCHESTER,  JOHN,  owned  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  in  1699, 
but  probably  was  not  an  inhabitant.  The  Winchester  family  was  of  Brook- 
line. 

WINCOLL,  THOMAS  (otherwise  written  Winckall),  owned  a  house  and  8 
acres  near  Ash  Street,  which  he  sold  about  1638,  and  probably  removed. 

2.  JOHN,  was  of  Watertown,  1649,  when  he  bought  of  John  Bridge  15 
acres  in  Rocky  meadow.  He  removed  to  Kittery,  and  in  1672  sold  to  Mat- 
thew Bridge  150  acres  in  Camb.,  describing  it  as  land  bought  of  Edward 
Goffe. 

WINES,  DANIEL,  had  a  share  of  the  Shawshine  lands  assigned  to  him  in 
1652.  No  other  evidence  of  his  residence  here  is  found  on  record. 

WINSHIP,  EDWARD,  was  here  in  1635;  he  m.  Jane,  prob.  dau.  of  wid.  Isa- 
bel Wilkinson  ;  she  d.  and  he  m.  Elizabeth before  1652.  His  children 

were  Sarah,  b.  Ap.  1638,  m.  James  Hubbard  29  Sept.  1659,  and  d.  in  child- 
bed 20  Oct.  1665  ;  Mary,  b.  2  July  1641  ;  Ephraim,  b.  29  June  1643;  Joanna* 
b.  1  Aug.  1645,  d.  unm.  19  Nov.  1707  ;  Edward,  b.  and  d.  June  1648;  Eliza- 
beth, b.  15  Ap.  1652;  Edward,  b.  3  Mar.  1654;  Abigail,  b.  13  Feb.  1656,  m. 
William  Russell  18  Mar.  1682-3;  Samuel,  b.  24  Oct.  1658;  Joseph,  b.  21  June 
1661  ;  Margery,  b.  11  Dec.  1664,  m.  John  Dickson  12  May  1687  ;  Mehetabel, 
b.  14  Nov.  1667.  EDWARD  the  f.  bought  an  estate  in  1638  containing  nearly 
three  acres,  at  the  easterly  corner  of  Brattle  and  Mason  streets,  and  extend- 
ing through  to  the  Common.  He  was  one  of  the  most  active  and  energetic  in- 
habitants for  many  years,  a  Lieutenant  of  Militia  1660,  Selectman  14  years, 
between  1637  and  1684,  and  Representative  1663,  1664,  1681-1686,  eight 
years;  he  d.  2  Dec.  1688,  a.  75;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  19  Sept.  1690,  a.  57. 
Eleven  children  survived.  This  name  is  written  with  a  remarkably  rich  va- 
riety of  orthography;  such  as  Winship,  Winshipp,  Winshepp,  Winshape,  Win- 
shipe,  Winshope,  Winchip,  Winchep,  Winchepp,  Winchope,  Windship,  etc. 
EDWARD  the  progenitor  wrote  his  name  Winshipp;  most  of  his  descendants 
now  write  Winship. 

2.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  Samuel  Rayner,  7  Ap. 
1670 ;  she  d.  10  Nov.  1674,  and  he  m.  Elizabeth,  daii.  of  Francis  Kendall  of 
Woburn,  9  Nov.  1675.  I  find  no  record  of  children  ;  he  resided  at  the  Farms, 
was  an  Ensign  of  Militia,  and  d.  19  Oct.  1696  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  m.  Joseph 
Peirce  of  Watertown,  before  23  June  1701.  Mr.  Winship  was  one  of  the 

i  Joanna,  dau.  of  Edward  Winship,  de-        "Here  lyes  the  body  of  Mrs.  Joanna  Win- 
voted  herself  to  the  instruction  of  children,     ship,  aged  62  years,  who  departed  this  life 
and  her  services  appear  to  have  been  re-    November  the  19th  1707. 
garded  with  great  favor.     She  was  honored 

with  the  appellation  of  Mrs.,  and  her  epi-  "  This  good  school  dame 

taph  contains  a  homely  but  affectionate  Ju-  ^jXSSS^   ">' 

logy  of  the  dead  and  lamentation  for  the  For  children's  sake  to  weep." 

living.  On  her  gravestone,  still  standing  in 
the  old  burying-place,  is  the  following  in- 
scription: — 


696  WINSHIP. 

pioneers  at  the  Farms,  and  his  situation,  as  well  as  that  of  his  associates, 
is  faintly  shadowed  in  a  memorandum  connected  with  the  settlement  of  his 
estate  :  "  His  honored  father-in-law,  Mr.  Francis  Kendall  of  Woburn,  in  said 
county,  demands  these  following  debts,  viz.  :  that  his  son-in-law,  Ephraim 
Winship,  in  the  time  of  the  former  war,  called  Philip's  War,  came  to  his 
house  for  shelter,  for  fear  of  the  Indians,  because  his  living  was  then  in  the 
woods,  remote  from  neighbors ;  and  he  brought  with  him  his  ancient  mother- 
in-law  Reigner,  a  widow  of  whom  he  was  to  take  care  ;  and  that  the  said 
Francis  Kendall  did  keep  the  said  widow  Reigner  for  said  Ephraim  Winship 
with  provisions,  more  than  a  year  and  a  half,  at  eight  pounds  per  year,"  etc. 
Mid.  Prob.  Files. 

3.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Rebecca  Barsham  14  May  1683,  and  had 
Edward,  b.  9  Mar.  1683-4;  Elizabeth,  b.  1  June   1686,  m.  Walter  Russell   3 
Ap.  1706;  Ephraim,  b.  4  Feb.  1687-8;  Nathaniel,^.  16  Feb.  1689-90;   Wil- 
liam, b.  about  1691 ;  John,  b.  about  1697;  Jason,  bap.  29  Oct.  1699.    EDAVARD 
the  f.  res.  at  Menot.  and  was  Selectman  eleven  years,  up  to  1701.    He  d.  10 
June  1718;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  Aug.  1717,  a.  about  61. 

4.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Mary  Powter  (Poulter)  12  Ap.  1687,  and 
had  Samuel,  b.  8  Jan.  1687-8;  Mary,  b.  12  Dec.  1689,  living  unm.  and  non 
comp.  5  Dec.  1748,  when   a   guardian  was  appointed;  Elizabeth,  b.  26   Nov. 
1691  ;  John;  Abigail ;  all  these  were  living  22  Feb.  1708-9,  and  shared  in  the 
division  of  their  father's  estate.     SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  d.  18 
June  1696  ;  his  w.  Mary  m.  Isaac  Powers  before  3  Aug.  1702. 

5.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Edward  (1),  m.  Sarah  Harrington,  who  d.  26  or  28  Nov. 
1710,  a.  39,  and  he  m.  a  second  Sarah;  his  chil.were  Joanna,  b.  14  Jan.  1689, 
d.  young;  Sarah,  b.  about  1691,  m.  Nathaniel  Carter  of  Chs.  11  Dec.  1712, 
and  d.  before  1726  ;  Susanna,  b.  about  1693,  m.  Thomas  Carter  of  Woburn 
1   Ap.  1713;  Joanna,  b.   about  1695,  d.   unm.   17  Dec.   1716,  a.  21   (Susanna 
and  Joanna  were  bap.  together  14  Feb.  1696-7);  Abigail,  bap.  16  Oct.  1698, 
m.  John  Manning,  and  was  living  in  Hopkinton   1725;  Joseph,  b.   28  Feb. 
1700-1701  ;  Margery,  b.  8  Aug.  1703,  m.  John  Elder  26  Mar.  1729.    JOSEPH 
the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  was   Selectman  1706  and  1725,  and  d.  18   Sept.  1725  ; 
his  w.  Sarah  d.  Sept.  1726,  and  Samuel  Jennison  of  Wat.  administered. 

6.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  by  w.  Sarah,  had  Edward,  b.  26  Aug.  1  707; 
Rebecca,  b.  22  Aug.  1709,  m.  John  Manning  6  June  1728,  and  John  Wootton 
of  Lex.,  a  mariner,  before  13  Dec.  1763  ;  Sarah,  b.  25  June  1712,  m.  Jonas 
Meriam  of  Lex.,  and  was  mother  of  Rev.  Jonas  Meriam  of  Newton;  Mary, 
b.  25  June   1716,  living  unm.  1763;  Jonathan,  b.  28  May   1719;  Isaac,  b.  8 
June  1724.     All  these  are  named  as  children  of  Edward  Winship,  deceased, 
in  a  deed  dated  13  Dec.  1763.    EDWARD  the  f.  was  a  wheelwright  and  resided 
at  Lex.,  where  he  d.  13  May  1 763,  a.  79,  and  was  buried  at  Menot.     Mr.  Cook 
calls  his  age  84,  and  the  Lex.  Church  Record  82 ;  but  both  are  wrong  if  I  am 
correct  as  to  his  parentage. 

7.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.  Hannah,  dau.  of  William  Cutter,  17  June 
1708,  and  had  Ephraim,  b.  23  May  1709;  Richard,  b.  25  July  1711  ;  Daniel, 
b.  27  Aug.  and  d.  8  Dec.  1713;  Joshua,  b.  17  Feb.   1715-16;  Hannah,  b.  18 
Aug.  1718,  m.  Noah   Bowman   of  Cambridge  (pub.   14  July  1744)  and  per- 
haps others.    EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  16  July  1757;  his  w.  Han- 
nah was  bur.  9  Ap.  1  764,  a.  77. 

8.  NATHANIEL,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.  Rebecca  Peirce  of  Woburn   11  Feb. 
1713-14,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  13   Oct.   1713;  Nathaniel,  b.    27  Dec.  1716, 
perhaps  the  same  who  d.   at  Holliston   1754;  Rebecca,  b.   7  Dec.   1717,  m. 
Elijah  Whitney  8  Dec.  1736;  Martha,  b.  21  June  1720.  d.  unm.  8  July  1746; 
Abigail,  b.  25  Mar.,  d.  July  1722.     NATHANIEL  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  d. 
1721;  his  w.  Rebecca  administered  6  Mar.  1721-2. 

9  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.  Thankful,  dau.  of  John  Wyeth,  6  Dec. 
1716,  and  had  Joanna,  b.  26  Jan.  1717-18,  d.  unm.  9  Ap.  1795;  Deborah,  b. 
27  Dec.  1719,  perhaps  m.  Moses  Harrington  23  June  1760;  William,  b.  1  July 
1722;  Aaron,  b.  16  Feb.  1723-4;  Abigail,  b.  30  Oct.  1726,  m.  Joseph  Cook, 
Jr.,  22  May  1746;  Rebecca,  b.  13  Mar.  1728-9,  d.  young;  Tabitha,  b.  26  July 


WINSHIP.  697 

1730,  d.  unm.  15  Mar.  1813;  Benoni,  b.  30  Mar.  1735,  d.  22  May  1805,  prob. 
unm.  Some  fatality  attended  this  family:  Joanna,  William,  Tabitha,  and 
Benoni  became  paupers,  and  most  of  them  d.  in  the  almshouse.  WILLIAM 
the  f.  res.  at  Menotomy,  and  d.  26  Jan.  1774,  a.  83. 

10.  JOHN,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.  Elizabeth,   dau.  of  John  Wyeth,  2  Oct. 
1718,  and  had  Josiah,  b.  1  Oct.  1719,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,b.  24  Mar.  1720-21, 
m.  Jason  Russell  28  Jan.   1740;  John,  bap.  8  Dec.  1723,  d.   young;  Ruth,  b. 
14  June  1726,  d.  young;  John,  bap.   1   Sept.   1728,  d.  young;  Ruth,  bap.   24 
Oct.  1731,  m.  Ebenezer  Shed,  Jr.,  24  Mar.  1760;  Josiah,  bap.  28  May  1738, 
grad.  H.  C.  1762,  ordained  in  Woolwich,  Me.,  12  June  1765,  d.  2  Sept.  1824; 
John,  b.  3   May  1742;   Thankful,  b.  14  Mar.  1744-5  ;  Noah,  b.  about  1747,  d. 
18  Oct.  1759.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  was  Selectman  1742,  and  one  of 
the  first  Deacons  of  the  Church  there,  elected  17  Nov.  1739.     He  d.  7  Nov. 
1759,  a.  62;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  8  Oct.  1759.  a.  58. 

11.  JASON,  s.  of  Edward  (3),  m.   Hannah,  widow  of  Nathaniel  Prentice, 
and  dau.  of  John  Wyeth,  between  4  Mar.  and  13  May  1724,  and  had  Lydia, 
bap.  13  Dec.  1724,  living  unm.  1766,  prob.   in.  Jabez  Wyman  of  Woburn   13 
Jan.  1767;  Prudence,  bap.  11  Sept.  1726,  m.  Michael  Geohegan  of  Boston   10 

May  1744,  and  (2d) Thornton   before  1766;    Nathan,   bap.    23    Feb. 

1728-9,  d.  s.  p.  27  Sept.  1766;  Jason,  bap.  28  June   1730.     JASON  the  f.  res. 
in  Menot.,  and  d.  26   Dec.  1762;  "going  from  a  neighbor's  near  Menotomy 
Pond,  it  is  supposed  he  missed  his  way,  and  got  into  the  Pond  where  he  was 
drowned."    (Boston  News  Letter.)    His  w.  Hannah,  who  was  several  years  his 
senior,  d.  12  Dec.  1756,  a.  63. 

12.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (4),  m.  Jane,  dau.   of  Nicholas  Fessenden,  10 
Jan.  1711-12;  she  d.  and  hem.  wid.  Lydia  Cutter  (formerly  wid.  Simonds) 
24  Dec.  1761.     His  chil.  were  Samuel,  b.  19  Sept.  1712;  Martha,  b.  27  Dec. 
1714,  m.  William  Bowers;  Margaret,  b.  25  Dec.  1718,  d.  unm.  13  Feb.  1791. 
SAMUEL  the  f.  res.  in  Lex.,  and  was  bur.  13  Feb.  1776,  a.  88;  his  w.  Lydia 
was  bur.  18  April  1790,  a.  95. 

13.  JOHN,  s.  of  Samuel  (4),  by  w.  Bethia,  had  John,  b.   12  July  and  d.  27 
Nov.  1726;  John,  b.  8   Nov.    1728,  d.   1749;   Thaddeus,  b.   8  Mar.  1731-2,  d. 
before  15  Ap.  1755;  James,  b.  27  Sept.  1733,  m.  Lydia  Phillips   15  Ap.  1762; 
Ebenezer,  b.  30  Sept.   1735;  Bethia,  b.    28  Aug.    1738,  d.   19  Mar.  1739-40; 
Josiah,  b.   18  July  1741  (was  under  the  guardianship  of  Ebenezer  Eliot   1755, 
and  perhaps  was  the  same  who  d.  at  Wat.,  and  on  whose  estate  Jonathan 
Harrington  administered  7  Jan.  1760);  Eliot,  b.  about  1744   (in  her   5th  year 
20  Feb.   1748-9),  m.  Edward  Crafts  of  Boston  16  June   1768.     JOHN  the  f. 
res.  in  Lex.  and  d.  18  July  1747. 

14.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (5),  by  w.  Anna,  had  Francis,  b.   5  Aug.  1723, 
perhaps  of  Concord,  whose  administrator  was  Joseph  Green  24  Aug.  1752; 
Sarah,  b.  25  Ap.  1725,  m.  Henry  Spring  30  Jan.  1744;  Joseph,  b.  3  Jan.  1727  ; 
Anna,  b.  24  Sept.  1728,  m.  Samuel  Manning;  Man/,  b.  18  Ap.  1730,  m.  Eben- 
ezer Wyeth,  Jr.,  5  Nov.   1751  ;  Aaron,  b.    24  Sept.  1731,  d.  young;  Joanna, 
b.  30  Sept.  1733,  m.  Andrew  Wilson  5  July  1757;  Philemon,  b.  12  Oct.  1735, 
a  mariner,  res.  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  1784  ;  Aaron,  b.  26  Dec.  1736.   JOSEPH  the 
f .  res.  in  Menot.,  but  near  the  close  of  life  probably  removed  to  the  Chs.  side  of 
the  line.     He  d.  24  July  1761,  a.  60;  his  w.  Anna  d.  2  Feb.  1806,  a.  101. 

15.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (6),  by  w.  Esther,  had  Thomas,  b.  25  Oct.  1 729  ; 
Benjamin,  b.  12  Ap.  1731  ;  Edward,  b.   18  Jan.  1733  ;  Joel,  b.  13  Nov.  1734  ; 
Amos,  b.  12  Dec.    1736,  d.   19  May  1740;  Esther,  b.  1  Jan.   1739,  d.   unm.  1 
May  1  789 ;  Isabel,  b.  2  Feb.  1743,  d.  unm.  18  Nov.  1763.    EDWAKD  the  f.  was 
a  wheelwright,  and  res.  at  Lex.  where  he  d.  and  was  buried  at  Menot.  7  Dec. 
1773,  a.  66  ;  his  w.  Esther  d.  10  Oct.  1785,  a.  85. 

16.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Edward  (6),  m.  Isabel  Cutter  6  Oct.  1741;  she  d.  9 

June  1742,   a.    24,   and  he  m.  Elizabeth ,  and  had  Jonathan,  b.  18  June 

1747;  Joshua,  b.  27  Jan.  1748-9;  Amos,  b.  19  Dec.  1750;  Hepzibah,  b.  15  Feb. 
1753,  m.  Jonathan  Davis  29  Feb.  1776;  Alary,  b.  18  Feb.  1755,  m.  Benjamin 
Hill  5  July  1782;  Elizabeth,  b   23   May  1757,  m.  Isaac  Learned  8  July  1784; 
Lucy,  b.  9  Feb.  1760,  m.  Jason  Lyon  5  Nov.  1789;  Nathaniel,  b.  23  June  1762, 


698  WINSHIP. 

perhaps  the  same  who  m.  Mary  W.  Symons  28  Mar.  1  799;  Edmund,  b.  2  Oct. 
1765;  and  probably  Abigail,  b.  about  1767,  m.  Samuel  Kidder  12  Nov.  1787; 
Isabel,  b.  about  1769,  in.  Josiah  Hovey  31  Mar.  1789,  and  d.  21  Nov.  1821, 

a.  52.     JONATHAN  the  £.  was  a  wheelwright,  and  res.  at  Lex.  until  after  1765, 
He  subsequently  removed  to  Brighton,  and  purchased  the  estate  afterwards 
known  as  Winship's  Nursery. 

17.  ISAAC,  s.   of  Edward  (6),  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Hannah,  b.  26  Dec. 
1746,  d.  23  July  1749;  Isaac,  b.   7  Ap.  1749,  m.  Sarah  Fessenden  4  Mar. 
1773,  res.  in  Medf.,  and  afterwards  at  Lex.,  where  he  was  buried  1  Dec.  1834; 
Hannah,  b.  4  May  1752;  Sarah,  b.  12  May  1754,  m.  Nathan   Fessenden  17 
Oct.  1771 ;  Phebe,  bap.  at  Menot.  27  July  1755;  and  perhaps  others.     ISAAC 
the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  where  he  d.  8  Ap.  1783;  his  w.  Hannah  survived. 

18.  EPHRAIM,  s.  of  Ephraim  (7),  m.  Mehetabel,  dau.  of  Gershom  Cutter, 
28  Aug.  1735,  and  had  Gershom,\>.  10  May  1736  ;  Mehetabel,  b.  28  July  1738; 
Ephraim,  b.  20  Nov.   1740;  Hannah,  b.  22  July  1742  ;  Rebecca,  b.   11  June 
1744,  m.  John  Edgell  of  Westminster  9  Nov.  1762.     EPHRAIM  the  f.  res.  in 
Lex.,  probably  in  the  easterly  section  of  the  town,  as  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Menotomy  congregation.     He  rem.  to  Windham,  Me. 

19.  RICHARD,  s.  of   Ephraim  (7),  m.  Prudence  Estabrook,  and  had  Pru- 
dence, b.  12  Mar.  1749,  d.  2  Oct.  1751;  Abigail,  b.  2  Jan.  1751;  Ephraim,  b. 
25  June   1753,  m.  Susanna  Marion  8  Ap.  1777;  Prudence,  b.  16  July  1756, 
d.  young;  Hannah,  b.  25  Ap.  1757  (so  in  the  Record);  Grace,  b.  17  May  1759; 
Rebecca,  b.    20  May  1760,  m.   Simon  Childs  28   Sept.   1788;  Richard,  b.   30 
Nov.  1762;  Prudence,  b.  2  May  1765;  Nehemiah,  b.  23  Ap.  1767.     RICHAKD 
the  f.  res.  in  Lex.,  and  d.  13  Dec.  1768;  his  w.  Prudence  survived. 

20.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  William  (9),  m.  Mary  Johnson  of  Chs.  14  July  1748; 
she  d.  in  childbed  18  June  1749,  and  he  m.  his  cousin  Abigail,  dau.  of  Deac. 
Samuel  Bowman,  30  Dec.  1755.     His  children  were  Mary,  b.  11  June  and  d. 
13   Sept.   1749;   William,  b.  31   Aug.   1756,  m.   and  had  family,  became  a 

pauper,  and  d.  30  June  1821;  Susanna,  bap.  9  July  1758,  m. Thorn,  and 

was  buried  here  3  Dec.  1841;  Lucy,  b.  29  Aug.  1760,  d.  1  Aug.  1772;  Aaron, 

b.  8  Ap.  1763,  probably  the  pauper  styled  a  "vagrant,"  1808;   Caleb,  b.  26 
Feb.  1765,   m.   Abigail  Blackington  28   Sept.    1802,  and  d.  15  Sept.    1805; 
Samuel,  b.  25  Feb.  1768;  Mary,  b.  7  Dec.  1771,  lived  several  years  with  her 
sister  Susanna  on  the  westerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  d.  unm.  and  was  buried 
17  Sept.  1747.     WILLIAM  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.     In  old  age,  he  and  his  w. 
Abigail  became  paupers  and  were  inmates  of  the  almshouse.     He  d.  4  Feb. 
1811,  a.  88  years  and  7  months  (Ch.  Rec.,  92);  his  w.  d.  22  June  1809,  a.  85 
years  and  3  months  (Ch.  Rec.,  89). 

21.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (10),  m.  Judith  Carter  of  Woburn  5  Dec.  1763,  and 
had  Noah,  b.  18  Nov.  1764;  Elizabeth,  b.  29  Aug.  1766;  John,  b.  and  d.  May 
1769;  Josiah,  b.  6  Ap.  1771;  Joseph,  b.  22  May  1774;  Sarah,  b.  6  Nov.  1776; 
Phebe,  b.  25  Feb.  1779.     JOHN  the  f.  res.  in  Menot. 

22.  JASON,  s.  of  Jason  (11),  m.  Ruth  Carter  of  Woburn  24  Mar.  1764;  she 
d.  in  childbed  30  Jan.  1765,  and  he  m.  Mary  Piper  of  Lex.   16  Jan.  1768. 
His  chil.  were,  a  child,  b.  and  d.   29  Jan.  1765;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  14  May 
1769;  Prudence  Peirce,  b.  9  Ap.  1770;  a  child,  b.  and  d.  8  Nov.  1772;  Jason, 
b.  Mar.  or  Ap.  1775.     JASON  the  f.  res.  in  Menot.,  and  was  one  of  the  victims 
slaughtered  by  the  British  troops  19  Ap.  1775. 

23.  SAMUEL,  s.  of  Samuel  (12),  m.  Hannah  Loring  22  May  1755,  who  d. 
27  July  1747;  Abigail  Crosby  5  May  1748;  and  Rebecca  Johnson  of  Lynn 
4  July  1771.     His  chil.  were  Hannah,  b.  26  Ap.  1736,  m.  Richard  Francis  20 
Mar.  1760;  Lydia,  b.   14  Feb.  1737-8,  d.  9  May  1754;  Elizabeth,  b.  23  May 
1740,   m.   Nehemiah  Estabrook  1   Mar.  1759;  Martha,  b.  12  May  1742,  d.  8 
Jan.  1746;  Samuel,  b.  17  Ap.  1744;  Loring,  b.  10  Dec.  1746,  d.  11  May  1754; 
Simon,  b.  2  Nov.   1749;  John,  b.   15  Jan.   1752,  d.  7  Ap.    1754;  John,  b.   12 
May  1754;  Stephen,  b.  23  Feb.  1756,  m.  Edith   Meriam  5  Feb.   1787,  and  d. 

16  Nov.  1839;   Abigail,  b.  18  May  1759,  m. Robbins.     SAMUEL  the   f. 

res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  about  1784  ;  his  w.  Rebecca  d.  about  1791. 

24.  JAMES,   s.  of  John  (13),  m.  Lydia  Phillips,   15   Ap.   1762,  and  had 


WINSHIP.  699 

Bethia,  b.  12  May  1762;  Lydia,  b.  4  Sept.  1763,  d.  23  Dec.  1775;  Hannah,  b. 
17  Feb.  1765;  Elizabeth,  b.  2  Jan.  1767;  James,  b.  26  Mar.  1768;  Daniel,  b. 
11  July  1769;  Joseph,  b.  17  Dec.  1770;  John,  b.  2  June  1772;  Rebecca,  b.  10 
July  1775;  Francis,  bap.  10  Nov.  1776;  Lydia,  bap.  14  Feb.  1779;  Samuel, 
bap.  2  July  1780;  Wi7/u/m,  bap.  10  Nov.  1781,  d.  28  Feb.  1782.  JAMES  the 
f.  res.  at  Menot.;  but  after  1  775  his  children  were  bap.  in  the  First  Church. 

25.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (13),  in.  Elizabeth  Raymond  19  Aug.  1756,  and 
had  a  daughter,  b.  about  1757,  d.  1  May  1761,  a.  4;  a  son,  b.  1759,  d.  29  Oct. 
1762;  a  daughter,  b.  21   Jan.   1762,  d.  22  Oct.   1762;  Ebenezer,  b.   23   Aug. 
1763;   Daniel,  b.  12  July  and  d.  Sept.   1765;  Samuel,  b.  30   Sept.   1766,  d.  1 
Nov.  1811  ;  John,  b.  11  Jan.  1  769  ;  Joseph  (on  the  Record  of  births,  but  bap. 
Daniel),  b.  18  Feb.  1771.     EBENEZER  the  f.  res.  at  Menot. 

26.  JOSEPH,  s.  of  Joseph  (14),  m. ,  and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  17  Sept.  1740, 

m. Green  of  Norwich,  Conn.,  and  (2d)  Ebenezer  Wyeth,  Jr.  (pub.  3  May 

1777);   Susanna,  b.  9  June   1742;  Kezia,  b.  19   May  1744;   a  daughter,  b.  10 
and  d.  22  Nov.  1745;  Abigail,  b.  4  June  1747,  d.  16  May  1751;  Francis,  b.  13 
May  1749;  Priscilla,  b.  24  Ap.   1751  ;   Benjamin,  b.  5   Sept.  1753,  d.  20  July 

1757;  Anne,  b. ,  m.  Irijah  Sawyer  of  Norwich,  Conn.;  Philotheta.  b. , 

m.  Simeon  Bundy  of  Norwich,  Conn.;  Philemon  ;  the  last  three  were  living  at 
Norwich,  Conn.,  1784.    JOSEPH  the  f.  res.  at  Menot.,  perhaps  on  the  Chs.  side, 
and  was  a  member  of  Rev.  Mr.  Cooke's  congregation,  by  whom  the  births  of 
his  children  were  recorded.     He  was  probably  a  mariner,  was  styled  Captain, 
and  rem.  to  Norwich,  Conn.,  where  he  d.  prob.  about  1784. 

27.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Edward  (15),  m.  Sarah  Godding  4  Sept.  1753;  shed, 
in  childbed    24  Mar.    1754,   a.    20,   and   he   m.    Sarah  Harrington   28   May 
1755.     His  chil.  were  a  child,  b.  and  d.  17  Mar.  1754;  Sarah,  bap.  25  Dec. 
1757;  Isabel,  b.  29  Mar.  1762;  Anna,  b.  18  Ap.  1764;  Thomas,  b.  12  Ap.  1766, 
m.  Ann  Harrington  11  Ap.   1793;  Moses,    b.  20  June   1768;  Jonathan,  b.  14 
Sept.    1770,  m.  Elizabeth  Coggan  of  Natick   12  May  1800,  and  d.  at  West 
Cambridge  23  July  1825;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  19  June  1823,  a.  43  ;  Joel,  b.  18 
Ap.  1773.     THOMAS  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  4  Aug.  1796. 

28.  BENJAMIN,  s.  of  Edward  (15),  by  w.  Abigail,  had  Benjamin,  bap.  30 
Mar.  1755,  m.  Mary  Adams  4  Ap.  1788;  Abel,  bap.  12  Sept.  1756,  m.  Abigail 
Muzzy  30  Nov.  1780.     BENJAMIN  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  but  his  chil.  were  bap. 
at  Menotomy. 

29.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (15),  m.  Hepzibah  Laughton  9  Feb.  1757,  and 
had  Amos,  b.  6   Feb.  1758;  Exther,  b.  4   Mar.   1760,  m.  Ammi   Cutter,  Jr.,  6 
Feb.  1776;  John,  b.  16  Feb.  1762;  Edward,  b.  15  Oct.  1764;   Olive,  b.  8  May 
1767.     EDWARD  the  f.  res.  at  Lex.,  and  d.  16  Ap.  1768. 

30.  JOEL,  s.  of  Edward  (15),  m.  Elizabeth  Grant  15  Jan.  1755,  and  had 
Mary,  b.  14  Mar.  1755,  m.  Thomas  Williams  (pub.  14  Aug.  1773);   Dorcas,  b. 
2  June   1758,  d.  unm.  21   July  1807;  Joel,  b.  1    May  1761,  m.  Phebe   Hill  14 
Nov.  1792,  and  removed  to  "  Queensbury,"  N.  Y.,  before  1807;  Elizabeth,  b. 

about  1763,  m.  Fisk  of  Barre,  where  she  was  living  in  1807.     JOEL  the 

f.  was  of  Lex.,  rem.  "to  Royalston  after  1761,  and  d.  before  Feb.  1788. 

31.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (16),  m.  Sarah  Richardson  4  May  1769,  and 
had  Abiel,  bap.  8  Oct.  1769;  Jonathan;  Nathan,  d.  between  17  Jan.  1818  and 
22  Aug.   1820,  leaving  dau.  Lucy;  Francis,  bap.   1785;   Anna  Dana,  bap.  27 
Sept.  1789,  m.  Augustus  Story  7  Sept.  1809,  and  d.  19  Feb.  1852.     JONATHAN 
the  f.  resided  in  Brighton  District,  and  d.  13  Oct.  1814;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  1  Mar. 
1822,  a.  73. 

32.  AMOS,  s.  of  Jonathan  (16),  m.  Mary  Wyman  20  Oct.  1 782,  and  had  Sally 
Wyman,  bap.  1  June  1783,  m.  Cyrus  Holbrook  28  Sept.  1800;  Polly  (Mary), 
bap.  13  Feb.  1785,  d.  18  Mar.  1792;  Amos,  bap.  2  Mar.  1788,  d.  29  Oct.  1788. 
AMOS  the  f.  resided  in  Brighton  District,  and  d.  12  Nov.  1801;  his  w.  Mary 
m.  Rev.  Joel  Foster  of  E.  Sudbury  (Wayland),  and  d.  1  Nov.  1833,  a.  73. 

33.  EDMUND,  s.  of  Jonathan  (16).  m.  Mary  Angier  3   Dec.  1789,  and  had 
Edmund,  d.  17  Sept.  1796;  Elizabeth;  William;  Edmund;  the  last  three  bap. 
1  Jan.  1797;  Harriet,  bap.  26   May  1799;  Josiah  Hocey,  bap.   21   Mar.   1802; 
Charles,  bap.  17  June   1804;  Mart/  Ann,  bap.  14   Sept.  1806;  Amos,  bap.  10 


700  WINSHIP  —  WINTER  —  WINTHROP. 

July  1808,  d.  young;  Amos,  bap.  25  Feb.    1810.     EDMUND  the  f.  resided  in 
Brighton  District,  and  d.  Feb.  1836,  a.  70. 

34.  EDWARD,  s.  of  Edward  (29),  m.  Lucy  Learned  22  Nov.  1789,  and  had 
Edward,  bap.  25  July  1790,  d.  13  Nov.  1790;  Edward,  bap.  9  Oct.  1794,  being 
the  seventh  Edward  in  a  direct  line  of  descent.     EDWARD  the  f.  resided  here, 
and  d.  of  putrid  fever  9  Jan.  1794,  a.  29;  his  w.  Lucy  survived. 

35.  MOSES,  parentage  not  ascertained,  by  w.  Lucy,  had  Moses,  b.  1760,  d. 
before  29  Ap.  1754.     MOSES  the  f.  was  of  Lexington,  and  d.  about  1773;  his 
w.  Lucy  m.  Benjamin  Wheeler  of  Concord  27  Nov.  1753. 

36.  THADDEUS.  parentage  not  ascertained,  m.  Eunice  Munroe  of  Lex.  11 
May  1781,  and  had  Eunice,  b.  about  1782,  m.  Joseph  Porter  24  Jan.  1799,  and 
d.  7  Nov.  1836.     THADDEUS  the  f.  prob.  d.  about   1784,  in  which   year  a 
guardian  was  appointed  for  his  daughter;  his  w.  Eunice  m.  Ebenezer  Stedman 
about  1785,  and  was  buried  6  Sept.  1846,  a.  87. 

WINTER,  JOHN,  by  w.  Hannah,  had  Hannah,  b.  10  Ap.  1665;  John,  b.  17 
Sept.  1667;  Thomas,  b.  25  June  1669;  Joseph,  b.  2  Mar.  1671-2;  Mary,  b.  6 
Feb.  1675;  Elizabeth,  b.  20  Aug.  1678;  Abigail,  b.  12  Mar.  1680;  Samuel,  b. 
12  Mar.  1684-5.  JOHN  the  f.  res.  at  the  Farms,  and  d.  18  Jan.  1689-90. 

WINTHROP,  JOHN,  s.  of  Adam,  and  a  descendant  in  the  fourth  generation 
from  Governor  John  Wiuthrop,  was  b.  in  Boston  19  Dec.  1714,  m.  Rebecca, 
dau.  of  James  Townsend,  Esq.;  she  d.  22  Aug.  1753,  and  he  m.  (pub.  25  Mar. 
1756)  Mrs.  Hannah  Tolman  of  Boston,  dau.  of  Thomas  Fayerweather.  His 
chil.  were  John,  b.  17  Sept.  1747,  grad.  H.  C.  1765,  m.  Sarah  Phillips,  and  d. 
in  1800,  leaving  posterity;  Adam,  b.  27  Nov.  1748,  grad.  H.  C.  1767,  left 
home  contrary  to  the  desire  of  his  father,  became  a  shipmaster,  and  "was 
unfortunately  knocked  overboard  by  the  boom  of  his  vessel  on  his  passage  from 
hence  to  London,  and  was  drowned,"  11  Feb.  1774  (Bost.  News  Letter); 
Samuel,  b.  20  July  1750,  d.  28  July  1751;  James,  b.  28  Mar.  1752,  grad.  H. 
C.  1767,  LL.D.  Alleghany  College  1817,  Postmaster  1775, 1  Register  of  Pro- 
bate from  6  Sept.  1775  until  1817,  for  several  years  Judge  of  the  Court  of 

1  After  Boston  was  invested  by  the  Amer-  strained  to  quit  the  place  of  business  and 
ican  troops,  the  Provincial  Congress,  May  seek  for  a  subsistence  some  where  else.  All 
13,1775,  "  Resolved,  as  the  opinion  of  this  the  money  I  have  received  since  the  oath  was 
Congress,  that  post  riders  be  immediately  administered  on  the  25th  of  May,  amounts 
established  to  go  from  Cambridge,  and  to  to  £.1  7«.  10<j. ;  15  per  cent,  of  it*  is  my  pay 
ride  the  following  roads,  viz. :  to  George-  for  six  weeks,  that  is  at  [the  rate]  of  §\d.  a 
town,  in  the  County  of  Lincoln,  to  Haver-  day  nearly.  Judge  then,  sir,  whether  this 
hill,  to  Providence,  to  Woodstock  by  Worces-  be  sufficient  to  furnish  one,  who  has  no 
ter,  and  from  Worcester  to  Great  Barring-  other  support,  with  a  subsistence,  or  indeed 
ton  by  Springfield,  and  to  Falmouth,  in  the  whether  the  office  is  worth  keeping  up  on 
County  of  Barnstable,  and  that  post  offices  this  plan ;  for  it  is  in  vain  that  we  expect  it 
be  kept  as  followeth,  viz.:  one  at  Cam-  to  grow  better  during  times  of  confusion 
bridge;  one  at  Salem;  one  at  Ipswich;  one  and  a  suspension  of  trade.  But  I  will  not 
at  Haverhill ;  one  at  Newburyport ;  one  at  take  up  your  attention  any  longer  than  to 
Kennebunk,  or  Welles;  one  at  Falmouth,  in  observe,  that  it  is  with  reluctance  I  think  of 
the  County  of  Cumberland;  one  at  George-  leaving  Cambridge,  and  that  I  shall  be 
town,  in  the  County  of  Lincoln;  one  at  glad  of  any  opportunity  to  promote  the 
Worcester;  one  at  Springfield ;  one  at  Great  common  cause  as  far  as  shall  come  within 
Barrington;  one  at  Plymouth;  one  at  Sand-  my  small  sphere  of  action.  Unless  the 
wich ;  one  at  Falmouth,  in  the  County  of  Congress  think  fit  to  alter  the  establishment, 
Barnstable.  And  it  is  further  Resolved.  I  must  beg  the  favor  of  them  to  consider  this 
that  Mr.  James  Winthrop  be  appointed  letter  as  a  resignation,  and  grant  an  order 
postmaster  for  the  town  of  Cambridge,"  for  paying  the  money  which  I  have  received 
etc.  (Journals  of  each  Provincial  Congress,  to  the  Treasurer,  after  a  deduction  of  my  15 
pp.  222,  223.)  Only  one  post  office  in  the  per  cent.,  and  that  the  bond  may  be  forthwith 
Count}*  of  Middlesex;  and  even  this  afforded  delivered  up.  The  letters  which  remain  I 
slight  charms,  as  is  evident  from  the  follow-  shall  be  ready  to  deliver  to  any  new  post- 
ing letter  addressed  to  the  President  of  the  master  whom  the  Congress  shall  appoint, 
Prov.  Congress:  "  Cambridge,  July  5th,  and  remain  with  perfect  respect,  sir,  your 
1775.  Sir,  When  the  Congress  did  me  the  most  obedient  servant,  JAMES  WINTHROP. 
honor  to  appoint  me  postmaster  for  this  Hon.  President  Warren."  (Mass.  Arch., 
town,  I  was  in  hopes  it  would  have  enabled  cxciv.  59.)  Jonathan  Hastings,  Jr.,  was 
me  to  tarry  here.  But  as  the  office  will  not  appointed,  July  8,  1775,  as  the  successor  of 
furnish  the  single  article  of  victuals,  as  the  Mr.  Winthrop,  who,  two  months  afterwards, 
establishment  is  at  present,  I  shall  be  con-  became  Register  of  Probate. 


W1NTHROP  —  WOOD.  701 

Common  Pleas,  Librarian  of  Harvard  College  1772-1787,  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Mass.  Historical  Soc.,res.  on  the  northerly  side  of  Mount  Auburn  Street, 
between  Brighton  Street  and  Brattle  Square,  and  d.  umn.  26  Sept.  1821; 
William,  b.  19  Ap.  1753,  grad.  H.  C.  1770,  Town  Clerk  1782-1788,  Select- 
man ten  years,  between  1786  and  1802,  Senator  in  1799,  a  gentleman  farmer, 
res.  on  Arrow  Street,  near  Bow  Street,  and  d.  unm.  5  Feb.  1825.  JOHN  the 
f.  was  Representative  1774,  Councillor  1773,  1775,  1776.  and  Judge  of  Pro- 
bate from  6  Sept.  1775  until  his  death  in  1779.  But  he  was  more  extensively 
known  in  the  literary  world.  He  grad.  H.  C.  1  732,  LL.D.  1  773,  was  Hollis  Prof, 
of  Math,  and  Nat.  Philosophy  1738-1779,  a  Fellow  of  the  College  1765-1779, 
and  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society.  Dr.  Chauncy  said  of  him,  "  I  suppose 
none  will  dispute  his  being  the  greatest  Mathematician  and  philosopher  in  this 
country  ;  and  was  the  world  acquainted  with  his  other  accomplishments,  he 
would  be  ranked  among  the  chief  for  his  learning  with  reference  to  the  other 
sciences."  (Coll.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.,  x.  159.)  He  res.  on  the  N.  W.  corner  of 
Mount  Auburn  and  Brighton  streets,  and  d  3  May  1779;  his  w.  Hannah  d. 
6  May  1 790. 

WISWALL,  THOMAS,  was  a  Selectman  of  Dorchester  1642,  1644,  1652; 
rem.  to  Cambridge  Village  (now  Newton)  about  1654,  and  was  ordained  Rul- 
ing Elder  of  the  Church  there  20  July  1664.  A  pond  in  Newton,  near  which 
he  resided,  still  bears  his  name.  His  last  wife  was  wid.  Isabella  Farmer,  who 
survived  him,  and  d.  at  Billerica  21  May  1686.  Elder  Wiswall  d.  6  Dec.  1683. 

2.  NOAH,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Theodosia  Jackson  14  Dec.  1664,  and  had 
Thomas,  b.  29  Ap.  1666  ;  Elizabeth,}).  30  Sept.  1668;  Margaret,  b.  1  Mar.  1672; 
Hannah,  b.  1  Ap.  1674;  Esther,  b.  1  Ap.  1678;  Sarah,  b.  5  Jan.  1680;  all  living 
in  1727,  except  Thomas.     NOAH  the  f.  was  a  Captain,  and  was  slain  in  battle 
by  the  Indians  6  July  1690,  a.  about  52,  at  Wheeler's  Pond,  now  Lee,  N.  H. ; 
his  w.  Theodosia  m.  Samuel  Newman  of  Rehoboth,  and  prob.  d.  1727;  her 
estate  was  divided  10  Nov.  1727  to  her  children  and  grandchildren. 

3.  EBENEZKR,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  d.  21  June  1691,  a.  45,  prob.  s.  p.    By  his 
will  dated  10  Jan.  1688-9,  and  proved  5  Ap.  1692,  he  devised  his  estate  for 
life  to  w.  Sarah,  and  after  her  decease,  to  John,  Oliver,  and  Samuel,  sons  of 
his  brother  Enoch  Wiswall. 

WITHEKELL,  WILLIAM  (otherwise  written  Wetherell),  was  here  about  1634, 
and  is  said  to  have  taught  school  in  Chs.  1635,  and  in  Camb.  1636  and  1637. 
In  March  1635  he  sold  a  house  and  twelve  acres  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the 
river,  to  John  Benjamin;  and  about  1638  he  sold  a  house  and  four  acres  on 
the  southwesterly  side  of  Garden  Street,  to  Thomas  Parish.  He  rem.  to 
Duxbury  in  1638,  and  thence  to  Scituate,  where  he  was  ordained  Pastor  of  the 
Second  Church  2  Sept.  1645,  and  d.  9  Ap.  1684,  a.  about  84.  His  children  were 
Samuel;  John;  Theophilus ;  Daniel  (was  born  29  Nov.  1630,  "at  the  Free 
Schoolhouse  in  Maidstone,  Kent,  Old  England;"  was  one  of  the  most  promi- 
nent citizens  of  New  London,  Conn.,  a  Judge,  etc.,  and  d.  14  Ap.  1719,  aged 
88.  "  No  man  in  the  county  stood  higher  in  point  of  talent  and  integrity);  " 
Mary,  m.  Thomas  Oldham  of  Scituate  1656;  Elizabeth,  m.  John  Bryant  of 
Scituate  1657;  Sarah,  bap.  in  Scituate  1645,  m.  Israel  Hobart  1676;  Hannah, 
bap.  in  Scituate  1646.  See  Deane's  Hist.  Scituate,  pp.  190-194,  and  Hist. 
New  London,  by  F.  M.  Caulkins,  p.  363. 

WOOD,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Woods  and  Woodes),  by  w.  Sarah, 
had  Thomas,  b.  22  Oct.  1650;  Deliverance,  b.  8  Jan.  1653;  Joshua,  b.  29  Mar. 
1657,  m.  Elizabeth  Buck  28  Aug.  1678;  James,  b.  17  June  1659;  Rebecca, 
twin,  b.  17  June  1659,  d.  7  Feb.  1659-60  ;  Rachel,  b.  14  Feb.  1660-61.  RICH- 
ARD the  f.  was  a  farmer,  and  resided  on  the  south  side  of  the  river;  he  d.  17 
Jan.  1669;  his  real  estate  was  sold  by  his  wid.  Sarah  and  son  Thomas  13  Ap. 
1676,  to  John  Maccoone. 

2.  SAMUEL,  m.  Alice  Rushton  28  Sept.  1659,  and  had  Samuel,  b.  3  Jan. 
1660. 

SARAH,  m.  John  Maccoone  14  June  1665.  ABIGAIL  m.  John  Oldham  22 
July  1675.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Joshua  Fuller  7  May  1679.  HANNAH,  m.  Thomas 
Greenwood  8  June  1670. 


702  WOODMANCY  —  WYETH. 

WOODMANCY,  JOHN  (otherwise  written  Woodmanse  and  Woodmansie) ,  m. 
Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Elder  Jonas  Clark,  23  July  1672,  and  had  Elizabeth, b.  Aug. 
1674,  d.  2  Oct.  1675,  a.  "one  yeare  and  6  weekes  ;  "  Margaret,  b.  9  July 
1678. 

WOODWARD,  RICHARD  (otherwise  written  Woodhead),  came  to  N.  Eng. 
in  1634,  and  settled  at  Watertown.  He  was  then  45  years  old;  his  w.  Rose 
50;  sons  George,  and  John.  His  w.  Rose  d.  6  Oct.  1662,  and  he  m.  Ann,  wid. 
of  Stephen  Gates,  marriage  contract  dated  18  Ap.  1663,  after  which  he  res. 
here ;  he  d.  16  Feb.  1664-5 ;  his  w.  Ann  d.  at  Stow  5  Feb.  1682-3. 

2.  GEORGE,  s.  of  RICHARD  (1),  m.  Mary ;  she  d.  about  1658,  and  he 

m.  Elizabeth  dau.  of  Thomas  Hammond  of  Newton,  17  Aug.  1659.     His  chil. 
were  Amos,  who  administered  the  estate,  prob.  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  William  Pat- 
ten, and  d.  here  9  Oct.  1679,  a.  38,  according  to  the  Record;  the  same  is  given 
in  his  nuncupative  will,  in  which  he  names  brothers  Thomas  and  Nathaniel 
Patten,  Daniel  and  John    Woodward,   and  sisters  Mary  Waite,  Sarah   Gates, 
and  Rebecca  Fisher  ;  his  w.  Sarah  had  d.  here  24  Sept.  1677,  and  there  were 
prob.  no  children;  Mary,  b.  12   Aug.  1641,  m.  John  Waite  13  Jan.  1663-4; 
Sarah,  b.  6  Feb.  1642-3,  m.   Stephen   Gates,  Jr.;  Rebecca,  b.  30  Dec.  1647, 
m.  Thomas  Fisher  in  Dedham  11  Dec.  1666  ;  John,  b.  28  Mar.  1649;  Susanna, 
b.  30   Sept.  1651,  d.  unm.  22   Sept.  1676;  Daniel,  b.  2   Sept.  1653,  m.  Eliza- 
beth, dau.  of  Richard  Dana,  and  appears  to  have  been  an  innholder  at  Medf. 
1690;  Mary   (prob.  Mercy),  b.  3   June   1656;  George,  b.  11    Sept.  1660,  m. 
Lydia  Brown  31  Dec.  1686,  resided  in  Brookline  and  d.  1696;   Thomas,  b.  15 
Sept.  1662,  d.  1666;  Elizabeth,  b.  8  May  1664,  m.  Samuel  Eddy  7  Dec.  1693; 
Nathaniel,  b.  28  May  1668 ;  Sarah,  b.  3  Oct.  1675,  m.  John  Eddy  6  July  1693. 
GEORGE  the  f.  resided  in  Wat. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  George   (2),  m.  Rebecca,  dau.  of  Richard  Robbins,  had 
John,  b.   7  and  d.  22   Sept.   1674;  John,  b.   18  July  1675,  m.  Hannah   Hyde 
Jan.  1698,  who  d.  15  Jan.  1724-5,  and  he  rem.  to  Canterbury,  Conn. ;  Richard, 
b.  27  Sept.  1677,  rem.  to  Canterbury;  Rebecca,  b.  29  Oct.  1679,  d.  14  Mar. 
1681-2  ;  Daniel,  b.  24  Sept.  1681,  m.  Elizabeth  Greely.  and  (2d)  Sarah  Good- 
now;  Rebecca,  b.  2  Feb.  1682-3,  m.  in  Wat.  Stephen  Hunting  of  Dedham  11 
Ap.  1709;  Marah,  b.  6  Oct.  1684,  d.  15  June   1689;  Jonathan,  b.  28   Sept. 

1685,  m.  Patience  ,  and   (2d)  Thankful  Myrick.     The  foregoing  births 

and  deaths  are  recorded  here.     Jackson  adds  the  following:  Joseph,  b.  26  Nov. 
1688,  m.  and  had  heirs  ;  Ebenezer,  b.  12  Mar.  1690-91,  a  Deacon  in  Newton,  m. 
Mindwell  Stone  26  Jan.  1716;  Abigail,  b.  25  May  1695,  m.  William  Green- 
wood  1715,  who  rem.  to  Sherburn,  and  was  a  Deacon.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a 
weaver,  and  res.  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  near  Newton  Upper  Falls.    He 
erected  a  house  which  was  standing  in  1854,  and  then  occupied  by  descendants 
of  the  5th  and  6th  generations.     Jackson's  Hist.  Newton,  p.  465. 

.MARY,  m.  John  Gove  15  Mar.  1677.  BRIDGETT,  m.  Israel  Cheever  10 
June  1690.  ELIZABETH,  m.  Jonathan  Moore  of  Newbury  14  Aug.  1701. 

WOOLSON,  THOMAS,  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Deac.  Samuel  Hyde,  20  Nov.  1660, 
and  had  Sarah,  b.  2  Jan.  1661,m.  Thomas  Bond  30  Sept.  1680;  Thomas,  b.  28 
Feb.  1666-7;  Elizabeth,  b.  30  Ap.  1668,  m  John  How  at  Sudbury  3  Nov. 
1686;  Mary,  b.  28  Nov.  1673,  m.  Samuel  Jones  1700;  Joseph,  b.  16  Nov.  1677. 
THOMAS  the  f.  res.  on  the  south  side  of  the  river  until  about  1666,  when  he 
rem.  to  Sudbury,  and  d.  about  1713;  his  w.  Sarah  d.  11  Sept.  1711. 

2.  THOMAS,  s.  of  Thomas  (1),  m.  Elizabeth  Chadwick,  and  had  in  Wat., 
John,  b.  8  July  1694;  Elizabeth,  b.  17  Aug.  1698;  and  in  Camb.,  Jonas,  b.  1 
Oct.  1711,  said  to  have  been  one  of  the  first  five  settlers  of  New  Ipswich,  N.  H. 

WORWOOD,  RICHARD,  d.  13  May  1644. 

WYER,  EDWARD,  Jr.,  in.  Abigail  Lawrence  1  Sept.  1684. 

WYETH,  NICHOLAS,  about  1645  bought  house  and  land  on  the  westerly  side 
of  Garden  Street,  near  Phillips  Place,  which  remained  in  possession  of  his 
descendants,  bearing  the  name  of  Wyeth,  for  more  than  two  centuries.  He 
had  then  a  dau.  Sarah,  by  a  former  wife,  b.  in  England,  who  m.  John  Fiske 
of  Wat.  11  Dec.  1651;  there  is  no  evidence  that  he  brought  other  children 
with  him.  He  m.  Rebecca,  wid.  of  Thomas  Andrew,  and  had  Mary,  b.  26 


WYETH.  703 

Jan.  1649,  d.  unm.  May  or  June  1698;  Nicholas,  b.  10  Aug.  1651;  Martha,  b. 

10  July  1653,  m. Ives,  and  d.  before  1680;  John,  b.  15  July  1655;  William, 

b.  1  Jan.  1657.  NICHOLAS  the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  resided  on  the  estate  first 
purchased  by  him,  being  apparently  the  same  which  was  occupied  fifty  years 
ago  by  Major  Jonas  Wyeth,  and  more  recently  rented  by  Dr.  John  W.  Web- 
ster. He  d.  19  July  1680  a.  85;  his  w.  Rebecca  m.  Thomas  Fox  16  Dec.  1685, 
and  d.  1698,  prob.  in  May. 

2.  NICHOLAS,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  m.  Lydia  Fiske  6  Sept.  1681;  she  d.  s.  p. 
10  Mar.  1697-8,  and  he  m.  Deborah  Parker  30  June  1698,  by  whom  he  had 
Mary,  b.   5   and  d.  27  July   1699.     He  was   a  tanner,  and  resided   in  Wat. 
where  he  was  living  in  1716,  but  d.  before  1723,  at  which  time  his  w.  Deborah 
was  a  widow.     They  became  paupers  before  1716,  being  the  only  persons  of 
their  name,  so  far  as  I  have  ascertained,  who  have  been  a  public  charge. 

3.  JOHN,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  m.  Deborah,  dau.  of  John  Ward,  2  Jan.  1682, 
and  had  Elizabeth,  b.  6   Oct.  1684,  d.  young;  Deborah,  b.  20  Nov.  1686,  m. 
Deac.  Samuel  Bowman  1714  (she  appears  to  have  survived  to  extreme  old  age, 
as  the  estate  of  her  husband,  who  d.  1746,  was  not  wholly  distributed  to  his 
heirs  until  1783,  after  the  death  of  both  his  sons;  if  she  retained  possession  of 
her  dower  until  that  period,  her  age  at  death  was  about  97);  John,  b.  21  Dec. 
1688,  d.  young:  Jonathan,  b.  3  Mar.  1689-90;  Hannah,  b.  about  1693,  bap.  18 
Ap.  1697,  m.  Nathaniel  Prentice  about  1712;  he  d.   24  Oct.  1722,  and  she  m. 
Jason  VVinship  1724,  and  d.  12  Dec.   1756,  a.  63;   Thankful,  b.  about  1696, 
bap.  18  Ap.  1697,  m.  William  VVinship  6   Dec.  1716;  Ebenezer,  bap.  24  July 
1698;  Elizabeth,  bap.  25  May   1701,  m.  John  Winship  2  Oct.  1718;  John,  b. 
27  Dec.  1705.     Three  of  these  sisters  m.  three  brothers;  but  the  eldest  sister 
m.  the  youngest  brother.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  mason,  Constable  1687,  1688, 
and  resided  on  Garden  Street,  upon  an  estate  purchased  by  him,  and  adjoin- 
ing the  westerly  side  of  his  father's  homestead.     He  d.  13  Dec.  1706;  his  w. 
Deborah  survived. 

4.  WILLIAM,  s.  of  Nicholas  (1),  m.  Ruth   Shepard  16  Oct.  1683,  and  had 

Ruth,  b.  29  Nov.  1685;  William,  b.  31  Jan.  1687-8;  Deborah,  b. ,  m.  Joshua 

Gamage  22  June  1710;  Martha,  bap.  1696-7,  m.  William  Fessenden  12  Oct. 
1716.     The  last  two  appear  to  have  been  the  only  survivors   19   Aug.  1702, 
when  their  father  conveyed  his  estate  to  trustees  for  their  benefit.     WILLIAM 
the  f.  inherited  the  homestead,  and  according  to  a  contemporaneous  record, 
was  "  killed  by  the  Indians  about  1  Oct.  1703."     His  w.  Ruth  had  probably 
deceased  before  1702. 

5.  JONATHAN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Hepzibah,  dau.  of  Daniel  and  Hepzibah 
Champney,  and  granddau.  of  Elijah   Corlett,  and  had  Jonathan,  b.  12  Oct. 
1714,  d.  young;  Jonathan,  b.  27  July  1716;  Sarah,  bap.  17  Aug.  1718,  d.  unm. 
23  Sept.  1743;  Deborah,  bap.  24  Aug.  1720,  m.  Daniel  Prentice  29  Dec.  1743; 
Noah,  bap.  28  Oct.  1722,  prob.  d.  before  29  Dec.  1743,  when  the  estate  was 
divided  between  w.  Hepzibah,  and  chil.  Jonathan  and  Deborah.    JONATHAN 
the  f.  was  a  mason,  and  d.  24  Sept.  1743. 

6.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Susanna  Hancock  (prob.  dau.  of  Ebenezer), 
about   1726,  and  had  Ebenezer,  b.   8  Ap.  1727;  Jonas,  b.  19  Feb.    1730-31; 
Susanna,  b.  2  Mar.  1734,  m.  Daniel  Sawin  of  Wat.  27  Mar.  1755  ;  Mary,  bap. 
30  Sept.  1739,  m.  Mansfield  Tapley  1  Oct.  1760;  Noah,  b.  7  July  1742;  Sarah, 
b.  2  Ap.  1746,  m.  Torrey  Hancock  5  July  1774;  he  d.  17  July' 1778,  and  she 
m.  Deac.  James  Munroe  23  July  1783,  and  d.  31  Mar.  1815.     EBENKZKR  the 
f.  was  a  shoemaker,  and  appears  to  have  resided  on  the  old  homestead,  which 
he  bought  of  his  sister  Hannah,  to  whom  it  had   been  assigned  in  the  division 
of  their  father's  estate.     He  d.  3  Ap.   1754;  his  w.  Susanna  d.  29  July  1789, 
a.  prob.  82. 

7.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (3),  m.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Nathaniel  Hancock,  20  Dec. 
1733,  and  had  John,  bap.  29  Dec.  1734,  d.  young;  Elizabeth,  bap.  4  July  1  736, 
d.  young;  Martha,  bap.  23  July  1738;   Elizabeth,  bap.  30  Nov.  1740,  d.  unm. 
17  Sept.  1804;  John,  bap.  6  Mar.  1743;  Prudence,  bap.  28  Ap.  1745;  Jonathan, 
bap.  13  Nov.  1748,  d.  29   Sept.  1756.     JOHN  the  f.  was  a  mason,  Selectman 
from   1750  to  1756,  and  d.  23  Oct.   1756;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  prob.  23  Feb. 
1793,  a.  88. 


704  WYETH. 

8..  JONATHAN,  s.  of  Jonathan  (5),  m.  Sarah,  dau.  of  Andrew  Wilson,  14 
Nov.  1750,  and  had  Jonathan,  bap.  23  July  1751,  non  comp.  and  under  guar- 
dianship 7  Ap.  1791,  and  d.  unm.  1(5  May  1796;  Joseph,  twin,  bap.  28  July 
1751,  in.  and  had  children,  was  of  Groton  1792,  of  Harvard  1796,  and  d. 
among  the  Shakers  about  1840;  Sarah,  bap.  22  Feb.  1761,  m.  Ebenezer  Smith; 
Hepzibah,  twin,  bap.  22  Feb.  1761,  in.  Samuel  Brooks  of  Plymouth.  JONATHAN 
the  f.  inherited  his  father's  homestead,  and  d.  26  Ap.  1767  ;  his  w.  Sarah  d. 
Ap.  1785,  a.  62. 

9.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (6),   m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph   Winship,  5 
Nov.  1751,  and  had  Ebenezer,  b.  17  Dec.  1752;  Mary,b.  17  Sept.  1755,  d.  unm. 
7  Oct.  1790  ;  Jonas,  b.  17  May  1757;  Joshua,  b.  6  or  22  Oct.  1758,  rem.  to  the 
West,  and  some  of  his  descendants  reside  in  the  vicinity  of  Cincinnati;    Wil- 
liam, b.  22  May  1760,  d.  8  June  1776;  Susanna,  b.  14  May  1762,  in.  William 
Watson  6  Dec.  1779,  and  d.  29  Dec.  1788;  Jacob,  b.  29  Ap.   1764;  Anna,  b. 
22  or  27  Feb.   1766,  m.  Benjamin  Cutter  6  Mar.  1785;   Gad,  b.  27  July  1768, 
m.  Polly  Kendall  1  Dec.  1793, rem.  to  the  West,  and  left  descendants  in  Ohio; 
John,  b.  31  Mar.  1770,  settled  in  Pennsylvania;  Elizabeth,  b.  12  Feb.  1772,  d. 
unm.  23  Feb.  1793.     EBENEZER  the  f.  was  a  farmer,  Selectman  seven  years 
between  1781  and  1790.     Either  he  or  his  father,  in  1751,  bought  a  farm  ad- 
joining the  present  line  of  Belmont,  embracing  the  northwesterly  portion  of 
Mount  Auburn,  and   extending  to  Fresh  Pond.     He  d.  4  Aug.  1799;  his  w. 
Mary  d.  9  Sept.  1798,  a.  68. 

10.  JONAS,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (6),  m.  Hepzibah  Tidd  of  Lex.  29  Mar.  1753, 
and  had  Lucy,  b.  7  Feb.  1754,  m.  Thomas  Coolidge  of  Wat.,  and  removed  to 
Livermore,  Me.,  in  June  1790,  where  she  d.  16  Oct.  1850,  a.  96  years  and  8 
months;  Jonas,  b.  13  Ap.  1762;   Tapley,  b.  11  May  1765.     JONAS  the  f.  res. 
on  the  old  homestead  on   Garden  Street,  was   Selectman   1777,  1778,  and  d. 
15  Feb.  1813  ;  his  w.  Hepzibah  d.  25  May  1801,  a.  71. 

11.  NOAH,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (6),  m.  Betty  (Elizabeth)  Fitch  of  Bedford  12 
Mar.  1763,  and  had  Noah,  b.  24  June  1763,  d.  before  Aug.  1807,  leaving  chil. ; 
Elizabeth,  b.  4  Mar.  1765,  m.  Andrew  Newell  14   Feb.  1785;  Lydia,  b.  3  Feb. 
1766,  prob.  m.  Nathaniel  Woodward  of  Wat.   26   Sept.  1804;  Rhoda,  b.  18 
May  1768,  living  in   1807;  Dorcas,  b.  21   Nov.  1770,  m.   Samuel  Hill,  and  d. 
before  Aug.  1807,  leaving  children;  Isaac,  b.  10  Feb.  1773,  d.  6  Sept.  1779; 
Job,  b.  14  June  1776.     NOAH  the  f.  resided   near  the  northwesterly  end  of 
Garden  Street,  on  the  estate  afterwards  the  homestead  of  his  son,  Captain 
Job  Wyeth.     He  d.  10  Sept.  1811;  his  w.  Elizabeth  or  Betty  d.  5  May  1823, 

a.  84. 

12.  JOHN,  s.  of  John  (7),  grad.  H.  C.  1760,  was  a  clergyman  at  Gloucester 
from  5  Feb.  1766  to  1768,  afterwards  a  lawyer  here.     He  was  very  eccentric 
in  his  habits,  a  bachelor,  and  resided  with  his  maiden  sister  Elizabeth,  in  a 
house  owned  by  him,  on  the  westerly  side  of  North  Avenue,  southerly  from 
Avon  Street.     After  her  death  in  1804,  he  boarded  in  several  families,  and  at 
length  d.  at  the  house  of  his  cousin,  Noah  Wyeth,  2  Feb.  1811.     One  of  the 
provisions  in  his  will  is  somewhat  illustrative  of  his  character:  "  My  body  I 
commend  to  the  dust,  and  order  that  no  one  shall  see  my  dead  body  but  only 
such  as  shall  lay  it  out  immediately  after  death." 

13.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (9),  m.  wid.  Elizabeth  Green  of  Norwich, 
Conn.,  dau.  of  Captain  Joseph  Winship  (pub.  3  May  1777),  and  had  Ebenezer, 
bap.  17  May  1778;    William,  bap.   23  Jan.  1780;  Joseph,  bap.   29  July  1781; 
Elizabeth,  b.  —  Mar.   1 783  ;  Stephen,  b. .     EBENEZER  the  f.  on  the  divis- 
ion of  his  father's  estate,  had  the  southeasterly  portion,  now  owned  by  John  C- 
Gray,  Esq. 

14.  JONAS,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (9),  m.   Elizabeth  Smith  8  Ap.  1792,  and  had 
Elizabeth,  b.  22  July  1792;  Jonas,  b.  3  Sept.  1792;  Nancy,  b.  9  Sept.  1796, 
m.  Richard  C.  Hastings  of  Boston  5  June  1823;  Susan,  b.  6   May  1798,  m. 
Oren  Willard  of  Ashburnham   11  Mar.  1828;  Harriet,  b.  30  Sept.   1800,  m. 
Reuben  Win  slow  of  Roxbury  20  June  1824;  Mary,   b.  2  Dec.  1802;  John, 

b.  17  Feb.   1805;  Francis,  b.   14  May  1807,  d.  27  May  1862;  Sarah,  b.  29 
Oct.  1809,  d.  19  Aug.   1817  ;  Joseph,  b.  20  Jan.  1813,  d.  unm.  at  Guadaloupe 


WYETH.  705 

10  Ap.  1846.  JONAS  the  f.  was  a  tanner,  and  on  the  division  of  his  father's 
estate  received  the  southwesterly  portion,  adjoining  Belmont  and  fronting  on 
Mount  Auburn  Street.  He  d.  3  Oct.  1817  ;  his  w.  Elizabeth  d.  16  Sept.  1853, 
a.  82. 

15.  JACOB,  s.  of  Ebenezer   (9),  grad.  H.  C.   1792,  m.   Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
Nathaniel  Jarvis,  8  Nov.  1796,  and  had  Jacob,  b.  10  Feb.  1797,  grad.  H.  C. 
1820,  a  physician,  d.  in  Illinois;  Leonard,  b.  1797,  settled  in  New  York,  and 

d.  —  Jan.    1855;  Charles,  b. ,  settled  in  Baltimore,  and  f.  of  Nathaniel 

J.  Wyeth,  who  grad.  H.   C.   1850;  Nathaniel  Jarvis,   b.   1802,  m.  his  cousin 
Elizabeth  Jarvis  Stone  29  Jan.  1824,  and  d.  s.  p.  31  Aug.  1856  ;  his  w.  Eliz- 
abeth J.  d.  29  Aug.  1865,  a.  66.     Nathaniel  Jarvis  Wyeth  was  one  of  the  most 
active  and  energetic  men  ever  born  in  Cambridge.     About  1830,  he  led  a 
band  of  adventurers  across  the  Rocky  Mountains  to  Oregon;  after  his  return, 
he  engaged  in  the  ice  business  at  Fresh  Pond,  was  one  of  the  first  shippers  of 
that  article  to  foreign  or  coastwise  ports,  and  through  life  conducted  that 
business  with  great  skill  and  efficiency.     He  was  not  ambitious  of  public  sta- 
tion, and  held  no  municipal  office  except  that  of  Selectman  in  1843.     JACOB 
the  f.  not  long  after  he  graduated  (20  Sept.  1796),  bought  of  his  father  eight 
acres  bordering  on  Fresh  Pond  and  erected  the  "  Fresh  Pond  Hotel,"  which 
has  always  been  a  favorite  place  of  resort.     This  establishment  he  attended 
personally  until  he  accumulated  a  large  estate,  when  he  retired  from  active 
business,  and  leased  the  hotel  to  his  nephew,  Jonas  Wyeth,  who  also  retired 
with  a  satisfactory  fortune  about  1840.    The.  elder  Mr.  Wyeth  resided  on  the 
estate  until  14  Jan.  1857,  when  he  d.  at  the  great  age  of  nearly  93  years;  his 
w.  Elizabeth  d.  20  Jan.  1858,  a.  90. 

16.  JONAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (10),  m.  Hepzibah,  wid.  of  John  Sawin,  and  dau.  of 
Samuel  Hastings  of  Lex ,  15  Nov.  1787  ;  she  d.  17  May  1789,  and  he  m.  Susan 
Stearns  of  Waltham  (pub.  24  Sept.  1800).    His  chil.  were  Lydia  Hastings,  bap. 
24  Aug.  1788  ;  Henry,  bap.  7  Mar.  1790;  both  prob.  d.  young;  Augustus,  bap. 

14  Feb.  1802,  d.  unm.,  and  was  bur.  15  July  1831 ;  Lydia,  bap.   29  July,  and  d. 

15  Sept.  1804;  Jonas,  bap.  28  Dec.  1806;  Emily,  bap.  24  Sept.  1809,  m.  James 
B.  Read  9  Nov.   1828,  d.  19    Sept.  1864  ;  Susan  Stearns,  bap.   10   Nov.   1816, 
d.  31  Aug.  1817.     JONAS  the  f.,  generally  known  as  Major  Wyeth,  inherited 
the  homestead  on  Garden  Street,  was  Selectman  1819,  1820,  1821,  a  large  land- 
holder, d.  8  July  1828,  a.  66;  his  w.  Susan  S.  d.  28  Mar.  1855,  a.  80. 

17.  TAPLEY,  s.  of  Jonas  (10),  grad.  H.  C.   1786,  and  settled  in  Sherburn, 
where,  he  m.   Sarah  Fisk,  and  had  two  daus.  Elizabeth  Fisk,  b.  21  Jan.  1799, 
and  Lucy  Coolidge,  bap.  17  June  1804.     TAPLEY  the  f.  d.  17  Sept.  1813,  and 
was  described  in  an  obituary,  as  "an  eminent  physician,  and  a  highly  useful 
and  respectable  member  of  society,  a  member  of  the  Mass.  Med.  Soc.,  and  of 
the  Legislature  of  the  Commonwealth,"  etc.     His  w.  Sarah  d.  Mar.  1853,  a. 
81. 

18.  JOB,  s.  of  Noah  (11),  m.  Lydia  Convers,  dau.  of  Benjamin  Francis,  31 
Jan.  1804,  and  had  Noah,  b.  13  or  15  Ap.  1805  ;  Eliza,  b.  6  Mar.  and  d.  14 
Oct.  1807;  a  twin  with  Eliza,  b.  6  and  d.  8  Mar.  1807;  Abiel,  b.  23  Ap.  1809; 
Benjamin  Francis,  b.  31   Mar.    1812;  John  Bound,  b.  22  June  1815;  Andrew 
Newell,  b.   29  Ap.  1817.     JOB  the  f.   inherited  his  father's  homestead,  was 
Selectman  1814  and  1815,  and  d.  5  June  1840;  his  w.  Lydia  Convers  d.4  Jan. 
1850,  a.  71. 

19.  EBENEZER,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (13),  m.  Naomi   Cook  (pub.  1  Mar.  1800), 
sold  his  father's  homestead  22  Oct.  1801  to  Jonathan  Hastings  (from  whom  it 
passed  to  Hon.  William  Gray,  and  from  him  to  his  son,  Hon.  John  C.  Gray), 
after  which  his  name  disappears  from  the  Records. 

20.  STEPHEN,  s.  of  Ebenezer  (13),  m.  Sarah  Wright  10  Dec.  1815,  who  d. 
17  July  1831,  a.  37.     Their  children  were  Sophia  Bradford,  b.  24  Ap.  1821  ; 
Sarah,  b.  23  Mar.  1823;  Lucy,  b.  3  Oct.  1825,  d.  30  May  1833;  William  Wal- 
lace, b.  3  Aug.  1828;  Francis  John  Hiyginson,  b.  29  June  1831;  and  perhaps 
others  before  1821. 

21.  JONAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (14),  m.  Elizabeth  N.  Flagg  8  Feb.  1820,  and  had 
James  H.,  b.   11  June  1820,  d.  28  Mar.  1829;  Sarah  E.,  b.  21  May  1822; 

45 


706  WYETH — YOUNG. 

Mary  Ann,  b.  9  May  1824;  Maria,  b.  18  Sept.  1826;  Caroline,  b.  29  July 
1828,  d.  30  Sept.  1843;  James,  b.  24  July  1830;  Harriet,  b.  18  June  1833; 
Martha,  b.  30  June  1835.  JONAS  the  f.  after  accumulating  a  competent  for- 
tune in  the  Fresh  Pond  Hotel,  purchased  a  farm,  extending  from  Mount 
Auburn  Street  to  Fresh  Pond,  formerly  the  estate  of  Seth  Hastings,  on  which 
he  erected  the  house  in  which  he  resided  until  14  June  1867,  when  he  d.,  a. 
nearly  73.  He  was  Selectman  1844,  frequently  Overseer  of  the  Poor,  and 
member  of  the  Common  Council  1851. 

22.  JOHN,  s.  of  Jonas  (14),  m.  Mary  Ann  Newman  of  Roxbury  12  Nov. 
1839,  and  had  John  Jasper,  b.  25  Dec.  1841;  Marion,  b.  8  Ap.  1844;  Sarah 
Elizabeth,  b.  6  Dec.  1846.     JOHN  the  f.  was  engaged  in  the  West  India  and 
other  foreign  trade.     About   the   time   of   his   marriage   he   erected  on  his 
father's  homestead,  nearly  opposite  Mount  Auburn  Gate,  a  large  and  com- 
modious house ;  he  rem.  to  Rox.  and  d.  25  Sept.  1871. 

23.  JONAS,  s.  of  Jonas  (16),  m.  Mary  T.,  dau.  of  Torrey  Hancock,  1  Jan. 
1833;  and  had  a  son  and  two  daughters,  whose  birth  is  not  found  on  record. 
JONAS  the  f.  inherited  the  homestead,  and  other  large  tracts  of  valuable  land. 
He  spent  several  years  in  Philadelphia,  engaged  in  mercantile  transactions  ; 
but  returned  about  1840,  and  after  residing  for  several  years  near  the  old 
house  on  the  original  Wyeth  homestead,  erected  a  house  on  Raymond  Street, 
where  he  d.  3  June  1868. 

24.  ABIEL,  s.  of  Job  (18),  m.  Mary,  dau.  of  Edward  Fillebrown,  29  Dec. 
1831,   and  had  Charles,   b.    1837  and  d.    1    Ap.   1861;  and   perhaps  others. 
ARIEL  the  f.  was  bur.   11  Aug.  1841;  his  w.  Mary  m.   Solomon   Sargent  19 
Feb.  1851. 

25.  BENJAMIN  FRANCIS,  s.  of  Job  (18),  m.  Zoa  Duntin  7  Ap.  1836  (who 
d.  30  May  1875),  and  had  Lydia  Francis,  b.  13  Jan.  1837;  Zoa  Ann,  b.  5 
Aug.   1838;  John  Bound,  b.  4  Sept.  1839,  d.  6  July  1840;  John  Bound,  b.  18 
Feb.  1842;  Abiel  Augustus,  b.  21  Nov.  1843;  Benjamin  Franklin,  b.   28  Dec. 
1845;  Henry  Alonzo,  b.  1  July  1847;  Agnes  Maria,  b.  24  Ap.  1852;   Alice 
Amelia,  twin,  b.  24  Ap.  and  d.  22  Oct.  1852.     BENJAMIN  F.  the  f.  is  well 
known  as  Sexton,  Undertaker,  and  Overseer  of  the  Poor. 

26.  ANDREW  NEWELL,  s.  of  Job  (18),  m.  Amelia  H.,  dau.  of  Royal  Stim- 
son,  4  May  1843,  and  had  Amelia  Annie,  b.  4  Jan.  1846;  Susan  Elizabeth, 
b.  28  Dec.  1847. 

YOUNG,  WIDOW,  had  a  grant  of  land  on  the  south  side  of  the  river,  Oct. 
1638.     Her  name  does  not  elsewhere  appear  on  the  Records  of  Cambridge. 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


BKSIDKS  those  which  are  embraced  in  this  Index,  several  long  lists  of  names  occur  in 
the  History.  A  general  reference  to  those  lists  may  be  sufficient,  inasmuch  as  some  of 
them  are  already  arranged  in  alphabetical  order,  and  all  may  be  easily  examined.  A  sep- 
arate Index  contains  the  names  in  the  Genealogical  Register. 


List  of  Inhabitants,  11,  32-36,  58,  59,  75,  76,  80,  81,  444-7. 

List  of  Officers,  City,  469-475. 

List  of  Officers,  Military,  404-10,  28,  31-36. 

List  of  Officers,  State,  459-462. 

List  of  Officers,  Town,  462-469. 

List  of  Soldiers,  404,  5,  9,  10,  28-32,  36-38. 

List  of  Tax  Payers  (1688),  440-444. 

List  of  Voters  (1822),  448-451. 


Abbott,  32,  336,  7,  40. 
Adams,  11,  32,  35,  75,   143, 

301-3,  26,  30,  98,  404,  7. 
Addington,  110,  11,  16. 
Albee,  326. 
Albone,  257. 
Albro,  50,  303. 
Aldrich,  323. 
Alexander,  81. 
Allen,  11,  32,  175,  233,  82, 

320,  33,  86. 
Amee,  438. 
Ames,  256,  317,  61. 
Amsden,  399. 
Anable,  332. 
Andrew,  32,  36,  59,  75,  94, 

105,  8,  13,  22,  5,  227,  80, 

353,  440. 
Andros,    78,    94,    95,    100, 

102-4,  10,  14,  23,  5,  210, 

459. 
Angier,  35,  59,  75,  225,  7,  8, 

70,  80,  9,  92,  404-6. 
Appleton,  116,  280,  9,  90,  2, 

4,  7,  8. 
Apsey,  335. 
Apthorp,  307,  8,  10. 
Arnold,  32. 
Ashmun.  237. 
Aspinwall,  384. 
Atherton,  390,  7,  8. 
Atwood,  231,  334. 
Austin,  35,  176,  200,  6,  20, 

34,  428. 
Averill,  335. 

Bacon,  81,  318,86,93,438. 
Badger,  311,  22. 
Baker,  428. 
Baldwin,  185. 
Balfour,  315. 
Ballou,  315. 
Banbridge,  32,  58,  258. 


Bancroft,  369. 

Bangs,  312. 

Barker,  339. 

Barnard,  32,  135,  143,  288. 

Barrett,  75,  97,  399,  416,  28. 

Bartlett,  81,  231. 

Batchelder,    14,     168,    233, 

310. 

Baxter,  266,  327,  53. 
Beach,  81. 
Beale,  32.  54,  9,  69,  224,  56, 

70,  9. 
Bean,  225. 
Beebe,  321. 
Beecher,  325. 
Beiler,  339. 
Belcher,  59,  75,  124,  35,  224, 

86,  7,  363,  94,  403. 
Belknap,  133. 
Bell,  327. 

Bellingham,  27,  43. 
Benjamin,  11,  20,  1,  32,  239, 

459. 

Bennett,  35,  327. 
Bernard,  143,  405,  6. 
Besbeech,  35. 
Besse,  347. 
Bethune,  310. 
Betts,  35,  59,  260. 
Bidwell,  331. 
Bigelow,  187,  326. 
Biglow,  208,  310. 
Binney,  320. 
Bird,  310,  36. 
Bishop,  346-52. 
Blake,  177,  321. 
Blanchard,  426. 
Bland,  332. 
Blaney,  426. 
Blathwait,  77. 
Bliss,  328,  438. 
Blodgett,  35,  58,  317. 
Blood,  62. 


Blowers,  35,  135,  288. 

Blumfield,  35. 

Bond,  4,  226,  310,  403.   18, 

19. 

Bonner,  350. 
Bontecou,  321. 
Boone,  76. 
Boradell,  258. 
Bordman,  44,  5,  59,  75,  124, 

5,  32,  3,  42,  75,  6,  9,  82,  4, 

212-14,  27,31,3,84,92,7, 

374. 

Borland,  168-70,  417. 
Bosworth.  11,  32. 
Bourn,  218,  87. 
Bowen,  218,  26. 
Bowers,  59,  230,  345-7. 
Bowes,  294. 
Bowler,  321. 
Bowles,  317. 

Bowman,  58,  297,  305,  410. 
Bowtell,  59,  75. 
Boyer,  320. 
Boylston,  12». 
Bradish,  35,  59,  161,  225,  8, 

92,  7,  305,  426,  8. 
Bradlee,  334. 
Bradshaw,  58,  75. 
Bradstreet,  6-9,  11,  20,  1,  3, 

7,  32,  69,  71,  110-14,  16, 

354,  459. 
Brannagan,  329. 
Brattle,    116,    17,   43,   56-8, 

68-70.  97,  203,  33,  80,  2-8, 

92,  352,  75,  404,  6-8,  18. 
Brewer,  328. 
Brewster.  168,  345. 
Bridge,  11,  32,36,42,59,60, 

2,  75,  120,  251,  305,  63,  4, 

423,  8. 
Briggs,  311. 
Brighum,  35,  59,  258. 
Brinley,  133. 


708 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Broadbent,  110. 

Brooks,  177,  318. 

Brown,  59,  76,  7,  111,  208, 
222,  6,  31,  74,  314,  32,  40, 
55,  407,  19,  26,  8,  438. 

Bruce,  150. 

Buck,  35,  58,  9,  75,  6. 

Bulfinch,  322. 

Bulkelev,  26,  35,51,95. 

Bull,  58". 

Bunker,  212,  13. 

Burdakin,  320. 

Burgoyne,  168,  427. 

Burr,  35. 

Burrill,  135. 

Burton,  322. 

Butler,  11,  32,  5,  422. 

Buttrick,  239,  44,  416. 

Byfield,  109,  10,  16. 

Cabot,  170,  5,  83-5,  98. 

Caldwell,  329,  426. 

Calef,  354. 

Call,  76. 

Callender,  186. 

Cane,  32,  59,  255,  6. 

Carr,  73,  96. 

Carroll,  329. 

Carruthers,  336. 

Carter,  310. 

Cartwright,  73. 

Case,  327,  337. 

Caswell,  135. 

Chadwick,  336. 

Chamberlin,  62,  239,  432,  33. 

Champney,  34,  59,  60,  2,  75, 

6,  96,  118,  22,  226,  50,  62, 

9,  92,  305,  98,  426. 
Chandler,  76. 
Channing,  314. 
Chaplin,  35-7. 
Chapman,  331. 
Charles  I.,  63,  74. 
Charles  II.,  67,  96. 
Chase,  310,  28. 
Chauncy,  49,    68,   75,    262, 

4-7,  9,  75,  82,  352. 
Cheeshahteaumuck,  366,  88. 
Cheever,  58,  75,  185,  216,62. 
Cheney,  75. 
Chesholme,  15,  59,  75,  223, 

58,  69,  71,  305. 
Chester,  32. 

Child,  86,  215,.  26,  31,  431. 
Christison,  347. 
Clark,  32,  8,  59,  77, 180,  208, 

54,  78,  9,  305,  22,  30. 
Clements,  58. 
Cobb,  435. 
Cobbett,  35,  69. 
Coddington,  6,  8,  27. 
Codman,  217. 
Coffin,  150. 
Cogswell,  329. 
Coit,  309. 
Colby,  20,  32. 
Collar,  76. 
Collecott,  385. 

Collins,  35,  56,  117,  250,  305. 
Collyer,  321,  30. 
Column,  135,  369. 
Conant,  419. 
Uooke,   34-40,  2,    3,    56,   9, 


75-8,  81,  110,  11,  18,  76, 

82,  222,  39,  50,  90,  4,  314, 

31,  84,  97,  8,  418. 
Coolidge,   133,    85,   305,  14, 

17,  32,  69. 
Cooper,  35,  59,  75,92,4,  105, 

43,  63,  98,  269,  78,  9,  305, 

412. 

Corbett,  53. 

Corlett,  58,  75,  366-8,  73. 
Corwin,  115. 
Cotton,   29-31,    7,    43,    135, 

249,  51,  83,94,  368,  406. 
Cowden,  416. 
Cowls,  416. 
Cox,  219. 
Crackbone,   35,   59,  75,  255, 

63,  80,  401. 
Cradock,  197. 
Crafford,  110. 

Craigie,  183-6, 203-8, 14,  310. 
Crane,  309,  29. 
Cromwell,  63,  7,  399. 
Crosby,  35. 
Crosw'ell,  338,  9. 
Crow,  62. 
Crown,  67. 
Cudworth,  153,  4. 
Cullock,  254. 
Cummirrgs,  314. 
Cushing,  239,  321. 
Cushman,  319. 
Cutshakin,  384. 
Cutler,  76,  97,  120,  83,  226, 

88,  90,  400,  7. 
Cutter,   54,  5,  8,  9,  75,    297, 

368,  404. 

Dallinger,  328,  9. 

Dana,  59,  75,  135,  63,  7,  73- 
9,  89,  98,  9,  206,  19,  26,  36, 
40,  93,  7,  329,  32,  74,  5, 
422 

Danforth,  35-7,  43,  55,  8,  62, 
9,  70-2,  7,  8,  100,  3,  4,  10, 
17,  25,  8,  51-3,  69,  211,  23, 
4,  33,  56,  7,  62,  9,  75,  84, 
92,  7,  346-52,  6,  9,  63,  8, 
9,  74,  84,  8,  93-5. 

Daniel,  76,  270. 

Davenport,  179-83, -204,  7, 
30,  411. 

Davis,  32,  177,  93,  326,  435. 

Daye,  32,  44,  5,  59,  263,  356. 

Dayton,  329. 

Dean,  333,  404. 

Dehon,  309. 

Deland,  426. 

Denison,  11,  12,  21,  32,  69, 
288. 

Denning,  321. 

Devens,  154. 

Dexter,  185,  416. 

Dickinson,  343,  416. 

Dickson,  59,  75,  269,  93,  363, 
4. 

Donahoe,  329. 

Donallan,  324. 

Dougherty,  329,  33,  40,  1. 

Dowse,  454. 

Drake,  338. 

Druce,  59,  76,  81. 

Dudley,  1,  6-12,  18,  23,  7, 


32,  42,  3,  77,  8,  99,  100,  3, 
74,  249,  395,  8,  403. 

Dummer,  403. 

Dunster,  54,  7,  00,  2,  228,  9, 
52,63-9,344,5,71,2,85,9. 

Durrell,  320. 

Dwight,  126. 

Eames,  369,  98. 

Eastman,  76. 

Easton,  32. 

Eaton,  42,  65,  76,  255,  8,  317, 

19,  20,  38. 
Eayers,  426. 

Eccles,  20,  59,  75.  263,  363,  4. 
Edwards,  244,  310. 
Eldred,  55. 
Eliot,  69,  75,  264,   320,  65, 

85-7,  89-92/4. 
Ellis,  319. 
Elmer,  11,  32. 
Ely,  32. 

Endicott,  6,  8,  43,  67,  384. 
Ensign,  32. 
Ephraim,  391. 
Errington,  59,  75. 
Estabrobk,  -281,  3. 
Eyers,  279. 

Fairbanks,  327. 

Farley,  62. 

Farrar,  231. 

Farwell,  110,  230,  2,  9,  306, 

14. 

Fay,  189.  237,  9,  310,  34. 
Fayerweather,  168,  9,  418. 
Fenton,  310. 
Fenwick,  48. 
Fessenden,  75,  227,   52,  92, 

338,  69. 
Fisher,  32,  77. 
Fiske,  58,  76,  120,  208,  376. 
Fisman,  75. 
Fitch,  288,  9. 
Fitzpatrick,  329. 
Flagg,  76. 
Fletcher,  317. 
Flint,  289,  92,  306,  84. 
Fobes,  336. 
Foote,  310. 
Forbes,  312. 
Foster,  111,  83,  4,  296,  310, 

76. 

Fowle,  220. 
Fownell,  59. 
Fox,  58,  75,  263,  9,  83,  353, 

4. 
Foxcroft,  109, 10, 16,  27, 204, 

57,  86,  92,  336,  75,  403,  17, 

25. 

Foy,  76. 

Francis,  59,  76, 186,  312,  63. 
French,  35,  58,  9,  62,  254,  5, 

7. 
Frost,  34,   5,  59,   68,  75,  6, 

143,  80,  254-8,  69,  73,  297, 

353,  407,  15. 
Frothingham,  408, 11, 17,  18, 

23. 

Frye,  405,  6,  23. 
Fuller,  80,  1,  208,  426. 
Fultz,  339. 


INDEX   OF  NAMES. 


709 


Gage,  65,  154,  6-8,  162. 

Gale,  208. 

Gallop,  170. 

Gamage,  407. 

Gannett,   176,  94,  219,  311, 

12,  14. 
Gardner,  5,  142-4,  54,  9,  292, 

5,  407,  8,  11,  13,  18-21,  5, 

8. 

Gates,  263. 
Gay,  173. 
Gearner,  33. 
Gedney,  111,  15. 
Genings,  355. 
Geprge,  110. 
George  III.,  144. 
Gerrish,  288,  423. 
Gerry,  168,  93,  203,  6. 
Gibbons,  383,  4. 
Gibbs,  289. 
Gibson,  33,  59,  75,  102,  263, 

74,  356,  7,  63,  4. 
Gilinan,  325. 
Girling,  35. 
Gleason,  342. 

Glover,  44,  5,  252,  335,  420, 
-  3. 

Goddard,  4,  397. 
Goffe,  34-6,  42,  54,  5,  9,  60, 

2,  7-9,  125,   7,  35,  73,  4, 

97,  211,  15,  16,  50,  9,  60, 
.2,  371,  2,  401,  3,  4. 

Goodhue,  335. 

Goodman,  12,  32,  174. 

Goodnow,  314. 

Goodrich,  318. 

Goodwin,  32,  248,  53,  4. 

Gookin,  57,  64,  6-8,  72,  7,  8, 
96,  104,  6,  9,  17,  25-7,  31, 
269,  78-82,  6,  346,  7,  86- 
95,  8,  9,  400,  3. 

Gorton,  397,  402. 

Gossom,  75. 

Gould,  279. 

Gove,  75,  97,  108. 

Grant,  33,  133,  292,  324. 

Granville,  320. 

Graves,  2,  279. 

Green,  33,  5,  43,  4,  58,  9,  75, 
103,  25,  239,  52,  63,  73, 
322,  7,  34,  57,  63,  4,  77, 

98,  402,  22. 
Greenhill,  33. 
Greenleaf,  310,  28,  39. 
Greenough,  310. 
Greenwood,  80,  92,  231,  328, 

9. 

Griffing,  321,  30. 
Griggs,  5,  200,  95. 
Griswold,  35,  40,  258. 
Grover,  326. 
Gushee,  328. 

Haddon,  11,  32,  75. 

Hadley,  202. 

Hale,  116,  354-6. 

Hall,  45,  54,  8,  9,  75,  150, 

252,  5,  305,  41,  64,  73,  416. 
Hallett,  329. 
Hallowell,  155. 
Hamlet,  59. 
Hammond,  59,  76,  81,  5,  96, 

7,  126,  210,  11,  400,  19. 


Hanchet,  76,  81. 

Hancock,  33,  58,  75,  97,  212, 

25,  7,  31,  91,  3,  4,  305,  13, 

69. 

Handy,  403. 
Hanford,  130. 
Harlakenden,  34-6,  40-3,  52, 

3,  119,74,  250,4,  396. 
Harlow,  177. 
Harmon,  336. 
Harrington,  332. 
Harris,  233. 

Hart,  11,  32. 
Harvard,  44,  365. 
Hassell,  59,  75. 
Hastings,  59,  75,  6,  92,  4,  6, 
8,  105,  8,  200,  69,  79,  81, 

4,  6,  92,  305,  20,  63,  9,  407, 
13,  16,  17. 

Hatch,  321. 

Hathorne,  69,  77,  115,  256, 

346,  7. 

Haugh,  12,  27,  35,  175. 
Haven,  184,  6,  331. 
Hayden,  177,  206. 
Hayes,  216,  253. 
Haynes,  11,  12,  18,  21,  3,  31, 

2,  42,  52,  175,  396,  459. 
Hayward.  35,  336. 
Hazeltine,  221. 
Healy,  75,  216,  18,  373. 
Hearsey,  310. 
Heate,"ll,  32. 
Heath,  410,  11,  16,  27. 
Hedge,  231,  369. 
Henbury,  76. 
Henchman,  393. 
Hendley,  320. 
Henley,  427. 
Herrick,  310. 
Hervey,  323. 
Hicks,  75,  108,  227,  92,  412- 

14. 

Higginson,  236,  9. 
Hildreth,  57. 
Hiler,  321. 
Hill,  62,  180,  3,  204,  5,  7,  19, 

20,  37,  93,  305,  425,  6,  8, 

Billiard,  45,  209,  31,  2,  97- 

99,  303-5. 
Hinkley,  114,  338. 
Hoar,  274.  5,  368. 
Hobart,  81. 
Holden,  5,  97,  263. 
Holland,  322,  34. 
Holley,  355. 
Hollis,  76. 
Holman,  35,  58,  75,  324,  55- 

64. 
Holmes,  2,  23,  54,  8,  76, 176, 

8,  94,  9,  220,  31-3,  6,  47, 
53,9,  60,90,1,  6,8,300-3, 
11,  14,  73,  6,7. 

Holt,  226. 

Holyoke,  132,   3,   5,   287-9, 

93. 

Homer,  306. 
Hooker,  2,  10,  16,  26-37,  46, 

50,  1,  90,  247,  8,  51,  4,  8, 

9,  60. 

Hooton,  345-7. 
Hopkins,  32,  377-9. 


Hoppin,  307,  9. 

Hortori,  345,  6. 

Hosmer,  11,  32,  6,  185,233. 

Houghton,  222, 

Hovey,  131,  2,  77,  224,    5, 

314,  38,  69,  79. 
Howard,  185. 
Howe,  126,  292,  309,  21,  30, 

8,  80,  424,  8. 
Howell,  76. 
Hewlett,  317. 
Hoyt,  326. 
Hubbard,  30,  75. 
Hudson,  35,  370. 
Humphrey,  27,  43,  50. 
Hunnewell,  5. 
Hunt,  33,  312,  27,  418. 
Huntington,  312. 
Kurd,  135. 
Hutchings,  185,  440. 
Hutchinson,  30,  50,  2,  67,  77, 

8,  115,  28,  38,  49,  57,  254, 

9,  346,  54,  403. 
Hyde,  58,  9,  76,  81. 

Ingersoll,  185,  322. 
Ingham,  226. 

Inman,  169,  70,  6,  293,  307. 
Isaac,  35. 

Jackson,  35,  54,  5, 8,  9,  74-6, 
79-81,  5,  92-97, 105, 17,  18, 
99, 215,  220,  5,  62,  3,  9,  70, 
8,  9,  88,  339,  55,  67,  406, 
19,  26. 

Jacobs,  313,  23,  9,  53. 

James  II.,  96,  113. 

James  (Black),  390. 

Jarvis,  2,  173,  4,  6-8,  310. 

Jefferson,  190,  2. 

Jeffries,  440. 

Jefts,  62. 

Jenner,  252.  „ 

Jennison,  355. 

Jethro,  391. 

Jewett,  320. 

Joel,  388. 

Johns,  235. 

Johnson,  3,  6,  18,  43,  4,  69, 
83,  321,  32,  82,  97,  428. 

Jones,  35,  97,  157,  85,  326, 
95. 

Joy,  185. 

Judd,  33. 

Karr,  326. 

Keith,  214,  44. 

Kelsey,  11,  32. 

Kemp'ster,  58,  75. 

Kendall,  327,  37,  55,  80. 

Kenrick,  80,  1. 

Kent,  292. 

Kerley,  401. 

Keys,  81. 

Kidder,  292,  305. 

Kilburn.  327. 

Kimball,  317. 

King,  36. 

Kingslev,  335. 

Kirkland,  193,  231,  93,  312. 

Kirtnan,  8,  32. 

Knapp,  322. 

Kneeland,  220,  413,  17. 


710 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


La  Fayette,  293. 

Lambert,  322. 

Lamson,  35,  40,  256. 

Lane,  331. 

Langdon,  310. 

Lansing,  339. 

Larkin,  110. 

Leavitt,  337. 

Lechmere,   168-70,   5,  83-6, 

310. 
Lee,  151,  3,  68-70,  5,  83,  307, 

8,  10,  75,  421,  2,  33. 
Lemmon,  263. 
Leonard,  416. 
Leverett,  63,  77,  286-90,  324, 

51,  403. 

Lewis,  11,  32,  253,  310. 
Lincoln,  409. 
Little,  222. 

Livermore,  201,  44,  312,  448. 
Locke,  376,  410,  26,  8. 
Lockwood,  8,  17,  20,  32,  341, 

463 

Longfellow,  126,  68. 
Longhorn,  54,  8,  75,  218. 
Longshaw,  435,  8. 
Lord,  11,  32. 
Loring,  288. 
Lovejoy,  326. 
Lovell,  313,  69. 
Lowell,  4,  168. 
Ludlow,  6,  8. 
Luke,  329. 
Lum,  310,  28,  9. 
Lusher,  69,  86. 
Luxford,  76. 
Lynde,  255,  87. 

Mackay,  199. 
Mackintosh,  333. 
Maguire,  319. 
Makepeace,  176-82,  9,  202, 

4,  6,  7,  21,  30,  9. 
Mann,  33,  59,  401,  35. 
Maiming,  59,  75,  92,  8,  122, 

168,  227,  54,  8,  71,  2,  92, 

372,  428. 
Mansfield,  321. 
Marcy,  110,  413,  14. 
Marrett,   35,  59,  75,  6,  160, 

226,  7,  59,  92,  305,  407,  26. 
Marshall,  395. 
Marsters,  334. 
Martin,  65. 
Mason,  80,  95,  155,  7,  77,  9, 

80,  2,  230,  314,  40. 
Massasoit,  382. 
Masters,  9, 11,  20,  32. 
Mather,  51,69, 100,  2,  14, 16, 

217,  47,  8,  58,  61,  4,  81-6, 

9,  97,  366. 
Maverick,  73. 
May,  183. 
Mayhew,  309,  66. 
Maynard,  33. 
McClure,  327. 
McCoy,  81. 
McCurdy,  521. 
McDaniel,  81,  322. 
McDonald.  435. 
McKean,  231. 
McKenzie,  250,  4, 74,  302,  3, 

86,  413. 


McKeown,  330. 

Mcl.ellan,  438. 

McNamara,  339. 

Me  Reading,  330. 

Meacham,  339,  416. 

Meane,  35. 

Mears,  336. 

Mellen,  231,  318. 

Meriam,  75,  337. 

Merrill,  321,  30,9. 

Metcalf,  231. 

Mifflin,  421. 

Mighill,  327. 

Miller,  58,  80. 

Miner,  324. 

Minot,  156. 

Mitchell,  57,  68-70,  5,  260- 

74,  82,  90,  344,  58,  94. 
Mitchelson,  43,  59,  75,  363. 
Monis,  292. 
Montague,  416. 
Moore,  36,  59,  75,  6,  92,  8, 

105,  207,  30,  1,  7,  57,  305. 
Morrill,  11,  32. 
Morse,  231,  92,  324,  8,  9,  36, 

413. 

Morton,  261,  8,  82. 
Mousell,  215. 
Mudge,  320,  1,  39. 
Mullin,  339. 

Munroe,  231,  303-6,  428. 
Murray,  325. 
Muzzey,  11,  12,  32,  119,  75, 

311,  32,  438. 
Mygate,  33. 

Nanepashemet,  382,  3. 
Nelson,  111. 
Newbe,  216. 
Newell,  250,  3,  304,  28. 
Newhall,  322. 
Newhouse,  345. 
Nichols,  36,  73,  168.  327. 
Nicholson,  95.  103.' 
Norris,  244,  313. 
Norton,  5,  69,  71 
Nowanit,  391. 
Nowell,  6,  8,  27,  77. 
Noyes,  116. 
Nutting,  165,  6,  70,  215. 

Oakes,  57,  74,  5,  117,  262, 

6,  9,    71-80,    2,    3,    351, 
99. 

Obbatinewat,  382. 
O'Brien,  329. 
Oklham,  59. 

Oliver,  76,  124,  5,  38,  50,  1, 
4-6,  68,  9,  226,  7,  74,  86, 

7,  307,  10,  75,  407,  18. 
Olmstead,  11,  20,  1,  32,  5, 

49,  463. 
Onge,  81. 
Ordway,  328. 
Orr,  341. 
Osland.  80. 
Otheman,  321. 
Otis,  186,  309. 

Packard,  326,  69. 
Paddlefoot,  59. 
Page,  328. 
Paige,  115,  316. 


Palfrey,  75, 114,  266,  8,  274, 

363. 

Palmer,  292,  322,  9,  76,  425. 
Palsgrave,  258. 
Pantry,  32. 
Parents,  75. 
Parish,  35. 
Parker,  35,  59,  62,  75,  6,  80, 

1,177,2-25,80,313,27,401. 
Parkes,  36,  59,  75,  81,  5. 
Parkman,  184. 
Parmele,  369. 
Parmenter,  239,  44. 
Parris,  145,  16,  398. 
Parsons,  185,  416. 
Patrick,  8, 11,  15,  32,  396,  7. 
Patten,  36,  8,  9,  59,  62,  129, 

364. 

Patterson,  423. 
Payne,  186,  254. 
Peabody,  304,  12. 
Pearce."308. 
Pearl,  416. 
Peck,  310. 

Peirce,  44,  68,  208,  365,  433. 
Pel  ham,  53,   6,  89,  119,  74, 

226,  54. 

Pemberton,  126,  287. 
Perkins,  186,  204-6   327. 
Perry,  325,  7. 
Pervear.  314,  24. 
Peters,  43,  5. 
Pettingell,  328. 
Phillips,  117,  207,  255-7. 
Phinney,  423. 
Phipps,  211,  26. 
Phips,  112-15,  27,  30,  3.  53, 

7,  68-70,  5,  6,  307,  10,  53, 

4,  403,  7. 
Piambow,  391. 
Pickering,  321. 
Pickman,  310. 
Pigeon,  308. 
Pittimee,  391. 

Plympton,  168,  204,  435,  8. 
Pomeroy,  310. 
Poole,  8,  32,  116. 
Porter,  231,  6.  88. 
Post,  33. 
Powers,  319. 
Pratt,  20,  4,  6,  7,  32,  5,  76, 

233. 

Prentice,  or 
Prentiss,  4,  59,  76,  80, 1,  92, 

4,118,214,88,92,305,  92. 

4,  400,  31 . 

Prescott,  185,  288,  423. 
Price,  2  87. 
Prince,  33,  247. 
Prout,  272. 
Prudden,  49,  50. 
Pryor,  331. 

Putnam,  187,  423,  4,  6. 
Pynchon,  6,  8,  27,  398. 

Quincj-,  42,  275,  82,  304,  65. 

Randolph,  76,  7,  95,  6,  103- 

8. 

Ravenscroft,  110. 
Rawson,  99,  350,  1,  89,  98. 
Ray,  321. 
Raymond,  342. 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


711 


Read,  201,  31,  92,  324,  40, 

427,  8. 

Reading,  11,  32. 
Reed,  201,  31,  92,  324,  40, 

427,  8. 
Remington,  124,  5,  35, 224,  7, 

88,  375,  94,  8. 
Reyle,  76. 
Rice,  36,  339. 

Richards,  11,  32,  110,11,15. 
Richardson,  292,  310,  32,  36, 

413,  14,  31-33. 
Riedesel,  168,  427. 
Riorden,  329. 
Robbins,  59,  76,  140,  3,  263, 

407. 

Roberts,  36,  370. 
Robinson,  80,  226,  331,  415. 
Rogers,  288,  9. 
Rolfe,  54. 
Rollins,  341. 
Roripaugh,  319. 
Row,  341. 
Rugg,  319,  27. 
Ruggles,  168,  9,  292,  406. 
Rule,  217. 
Ruscoe,  35. 
Russell,  35,  54,  9,  76,  86,  116, 

17,226,  86,  306,  68,73,89, 

412,  14,  15. 

Sabine,  170. 
Sackett,  8,  11,  32. 
Safford,  306,  17. 
Saltonstall,  6-8, 115, 16,  229, 

384. 

Sampson,  390. 
Sanborn,  324. 
Sanderson,  208. 
Sanger,  335. 
Santley,  36. 
Sargent,    111,    15,    308,   20, 

423. 

Saunders,  306,  454. 
Savage,  69, 115,  259,  324,  30. 
Sawyer,  334. 
Scammon,  423. 
Scates,  110. 
Scott,  33, 117,  394. 
Scully,  340. 
Sears,  327. 
Segar,  81. 
Sewall,  109,  15-17,  126,  68, 

9,  283,  7,  305,  10,  47,  75. 
Seymour,  328. 
Sharp,  6,  8,  228. 
Shed,  184. 
Shepard,  29,  34-6,  42,  3,  6, 

8,  50-3,  9,  75,  6,248-53, 

58-62,  9,  74,  82,  3,  8,  321, 

44,  85,  6,  97. 
Sherborne,  250. 
Sherlock,  110. 
Sherman,  283,  322. 
Shirley,  459. 
Shorfenburg,  320. 
Shrimpton,  103,  11,  389. 
Shute,  127. 
Sibley,  261,  74,  5. 
Sill,  59,  76,  257,  8,  398. 
Silloway,  435. 
Simes,  59,  255. 
Simpson,  310. 


Skinner,  316,  17,  21. 

Slafter,  328. 

Smith,  110,  27,  222,  6,  331, 

41,  70. 

Snelling,  407. 
Snow,  333. 
Soden,  292. 
Somersby,  287. 
Sparhaw'k,  5,  36,  59,  92, 143, 

223,  62,  92,  5,  7,  305,  69, 

426,  40. 
Sparrow,  338. 
Spaulding,  324. 
Spencer,   8,   11,  17,  21,  32, 

3,  6,  43,  397,  422. 
Sprague,  292. 
Spring,  81,  94. 
Squaw  Sachem,  382-4. 
Stacey,  226. 
Staniford,  198. 
Stanley,  33,  254. 
Stanton,  366. 
Starr,  36,  226. 
Start,  319,  34. 
Stearns,  62,  76,  232,  6,  9,  92, 

325,  57,  62-4. 
Stebbins,  11,  32,  322. 
Stedman,   54,  9,   75,  6,  96, 

125,  33,   4,  40,  3,  7,  220, 

6-8,  31,  59,  62,  3,  9,  70,  4, 

92,  310,  69,  98,  426,  8. 
Steele,  11,  32,  233. 
Stevens,  76,  329,  32,  434. 
Stevenson,  58,  75,  215. 
Steward,  369. 
Stewart,  324. 
Stickney,  328. 
Stimpson,  310. 
Stocking,  33. 
Stone,  32,  4,6,49,  58,  9,74- 

6,  92,  4,  120,  33,  235,  48, 

50,  69,  71,  8,  305,  36,  40, 

64,  98. 
Storer,  294. 
Story,  237. 
Stoughton,  43,  77,  95,  111, 

15,  271,  395. 
Stow,  170. 
Stowell,  288. 
Stratton,  292. 
Stutson,  331. 
Sullivan,  199,  422. 
Swan,  59,  76  181. 
Sweetser,  336. 
Swindell,  320. 
Swoetman,  59,  75,  402. 
Symonds,  69,  77,  444. 

Tailer,  403. 

Talcott,    11,   12,   21,    32,  9, 

175,  233,  54. 
Tanner,  440. 
Taylor,  58,  75,  272,  3,  328, 

30,  8. 

Temple,  307,  10. 
Thacher,  132. 
Thatcher,  55,  133,  43,  70,  85, 

292,  375.  407-9,  21,  8. 
Thayer,  177,  331. 
Thompson,  226. 
Thorns,  342. 
Thorndike,  186. 
Thornton,  370. 


Thurloe,  64. 

Thurston,  334. 

Tidd,  121. 

Tilton,  78,  326. 

Timlow,  327. 

Tirrell,  320, 

Tomlins,  33. 

Torrey,  351. 

Touteville,  258. 

Towne,  36,  41,  59,  75,  255, 

7,  364,  73. 
Townley.  324. 
Townsend,  126,  208,  403. 
Tracy,  170. 
Trafton,  330. 
Train,  208. 
Tray,  391. 
Trevett,  419. 
Trowbridge,  81,  92,  133,  5, 

214,  92,  375. 
Truesdale,  81. 
Trulan,  433. 
Trumbull,  31,  440. 
Tufts,  292,  315. 
Tupper,  321. 
Turell,  294. 
Turner,  287. 
Twining,  325. 
Tyler,  200. 
Tyng,  77,  257,  339. 

Underbill,  396. 
Upham,  116. 
Usher,  95,  108,  273. 

Vail,  309. 
Valentine,  201. 
Vane,  24,  52. 

Vassal!,  130-4.  168-70,  292, 
307,  8,  75,  407,  17,  18,  21. 
Venn,  150. 
Vinal,  314,  22. 
Vincent,  33,  339. 
Vose,  176,  7,  80. 

Waban,  385,  90,  1. 
Wadleigh,  328. 
Wadsworth,   11,  21,   32,  9, 

126,  8. 

Wainwright,  309. 
Wakeman,  33. 
Walton,  219,  31,  305. 
Ward,  80,  92,  3,  331,   416, 

18,  22. 
Wardell,  346. 

Ware,  5,  194,  231,  311, 12. 
Warham,  37. 
Warland,  219,  31,  92,  342. 
Warner,  11, 21,  32, 6,  9,  233, 

326. 

Warren,  309,  31,  418. 
Washington,   168,   83,  202, 

38,  93,  420,  1,  5. 
Waterhouse,  111. 
Watson,  58,  75,  143,  63,  70, 

7,  9,  225,  30,  92,  317,  75, 

94,411,  18. 

Wattasacompanum,  391. 
Webb,  11,  32. 
Webcowits,  383,  4. 
Weld,  37,  185. 
Wellington,  4, 143,  208,  2 

37,8. 


712 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


Wells,  36,  168. 

Wendell,  170,  99,  230. 

West,  94,  5,  104,  6,  8. 

Weston,  323. 

Westwood,  12,  21, 9,  32, 174. 

Wetmore,  199. 

Whalley,  67,  9,  71. 

Wheatland,  212. 

Whipple,  237,  328. 

Whitcomb,  336. 

White,  10,   20,    1,   32,   110, 

287,  310,  17,  454. 
Whitefield,  293,  4. 
Whitehead,  33. 
Whitman,  329. 
Whitmore,   59,    75,    121,    3, 

269,  363,  4. 
Whitney,  304,  6. 
Whittemore,   131,  40,  2,  3, 

219,  44,  92,   305,   15,  80, 

414,  35,  8. 
Wigglesworth,  292. 


Wightman,  335. 
Wilcocks,  59. 
Wiley,  321. 
Wilkinson,  58,  335. 
Willard,  33,  116,  200,  31,44, 

82,  3,  98,  9,  306,  68,  94. 
William,  391. 
Williams,  80,  294. 
Willis,  59,  75,  102,  316,  64. 
Willoughby,  271. 
Willson,  321. 
Wilson,  24,   6,  43,  75,  345, 

70. 

Winchester,  328. 
Wines,  59. 
Winkley,  329. 
Winship,   35,    59,    60,    118, 

262,  9,  364,  76,  412,  14. 
Winslow,  53,  109,  320. 
Winter,  76. 
Winthrop,  1,  6-12,  24,  6,  9, 

30,  1,  7,  42-6,  50,  8,  95, 


103,  11,  15,  17,  29,  34,  59, 
67,  8,  70,  207,  8, 117. 19, 
48,  9,  54,  9,  92,  310,  75, 
84,  9,  96. 

Wise,  226. 

Wiswall,  81,  269. 

Witherell,  35. 

Woampas,  391. 

Wood,  19,  23,  58,  321. 

Woodard,  320. 

Woodbridge,  385,  416,  23. 

Woodward,  81,  329. 

Woolcott,  36. 

Wright,  455. 

Wyatt,  327. 

Wveth,  59,  75,  133,  75,  84, 
S02,  31,  52,  92,  353,  64, 
70,  425,  6,  44. 

Wyman,  412,  14,  26. 

Young,  154,  321,  39. 


INDEX   TO   GENEALOGIES. 


THE  names  of  families  are  printed  in  small  capitals,  and  the  figures  annexed  indicate 
the  pages  where  they  may  be  found;  the  other  names  denote  persons  mentioned  in  con- 
nection with  the  several  families,  whether  as  intermarrying  or  otherwise. 


ABBOTT,  477. 

Adams. 

Russell 
ABDY,  477. 

Cox. 

Reynolds. 

Stevenson. 

Wilson. 
ADAMS,  477-9. 

Bent. 

Blanchard. 

Bowman. 

Britton. 

Chad  wick. 

Convers. 

Cutter. 

Dean. 

Doubleday. 

Eames. 

Fillebrown. 

Fiske. 

Foster. 

Frost. 

Gardner. 

Goodwin. 

Hall. 

Hay. 

Hill. 

Jones. 

Kent. 

Locke. 

Manning. 

Munroe. 

Patten. 

Payne. 

Perry. 

Phelps. 

Russell. 

Sparhawk. 

Stone. 

Teele. 

Thorndike. 

Tufts. 

Wetherbee. 

Whittemore. 

Winship. 
ALBONE,  479. 

Luxford. 
ALDUS,  479. 
ALEXANDER,  479. 
ALLEN,  479. 

Hooker. 
AMES,  479. 

Angier. 


AMSDEN,  479,  80. 

Mather. 

Cutter. 

Prentice. 

Marrett. 

Rand. 

Perriman. 

Rogers. 

Read. 

ARNOLD,  482. 

Rutter. 

AUSTIN,  482. 

Wheeler. 

BACON,  482,  3. 

ANDREW,  480,  1. 

Read. 

Bowman. 

Shaw. 

Clarke. 

BALLARD,  483. 

Cooper. 
Daniel. 

Belcher. 
Dana. 

Eccles. 

BANBRIDGE,  483. 

Fox. 

Green. 

Frost. 

Hancock. 

Gedney. 

Towne. 

Hicks. 

BANCROFT,  483. 

Jacobs. 

Bridge. 

James. 

Pratt. 

Marrett. 

Saunders. 

Pierpont. 
Russell. 

Taylor. 
BARNARD,  483. 

Stone. 

Bridge. 

White. 

BARRETT,  483,  4. 

Wyeth. 

Barnard. 

ANGIER,  481,  2. 
Ames. 

Blake. 
Bordman. 

Batt. 

Champney. 

Bowman. 

Cook. 

Cheever. 

Dan  forth. 

Coolidge. 

Fillebrown. 

Craigie. 

French. 

Dana. 

Manning. 

Farnham. 

Morse. 

Gay. 

Poole. 

Goddard. 

Robbins. 

Goodwin. 

Sparhawk. 

Hildreth. 

Warland. 

Hitchcock. 

BARTLETT,  484,  5. 

Hovey. 

Biglow. 

March. 

Buttrick. 

Oakes. 

Kidder. 

Pierpont. 
Prentice. 

Sanders. 
Thwing. 

Shaw. 

Wayte. 

Stedman. 

BARSTOW,  485. 

Tappan. 

Chauncy. 

Watson. 

Deane. 

Whittemore. 

Marrett. 

Winship. 

BASTER,  485. 

Wiswall. 

BATHE  RICK,  485,  6. 

APPLETON,  482. 

Beeger. 

Gibbs 

Boyce. 

Haven. 

Brooks. 

714 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Buck. 

Giner. 

Hook. 

Prentice. 

Robbins. 

Russell. 

Wales. 
BEALE,  486. 
BEARD,  486. 
BELCHEB,  486,  7. 

Ballard. 

Blowers. 

Brown. 

Burnet. 

Danforth. 

Fore. 

Gilbert. 

Jennison. 

Lyde. 

Noyes. 

Oliver. 

Partridge. 

Pynchon. 

Remington. 

Russell. 

Savage. 

Shirley. 

Sill. 

Stoddard. 

Vaughn. 
BEMIS,  487. 

Brown. 

Chamberlin. 

Lawrence. 

Robinson. 
BENJAMIN,  487. 
BESBEECH,  487,  8. 

Bourne. 

Brown. 

Cutter. 

Lewis. 
BETTS,  488. 

Bridge. 

Daye. 

Knight. 

Shepard. 

BlTTLESTONK,  488. 

Banbridge. 

Biscoe. 

Chesholme. 

Cutter. 

Foordham. 

Hall. 

Shepard. 

Swan. 

Winship. 

BLACKLEACH,  488. 
BLODGETT,  489. 

Eggleden. 

Reed. 

Tompson. 
BLOOMFIELD,  489. 

Stedman. 
BLOSS,  489. 

Blois. 
BLOWERS,  489. 

Belcher. 

Hill. 

Kent. 

Salter. 

Symmes. 

Woodbury. 


BONNEK,  489,  90. 
Clark. 
Ellery. 
Marsh. 
BOONE,  490. 
BORDMAN,  490-3. 
Bosworth. 
Bricksey. 
Brown. 
Bull. 
Colson. 
Cooper. 
Danforth. 
Daye. 
Dockum. 
Dorr. 
Emery. 
Epes. 
Far  well. 
Fillebrown. 
Goddard. 
Hastings. 
Higginson. 
Hiscock. 
McCleary. 
Palfrey. 
Parker. 
Phips. 
Prentiss. 
Reed. 

Richardson. 
Sewall. 
Stearns. 
Stebbins. 
Townsend. 
Truesdale. 
Wadsworth. 
Wheeler. 
Williams. 
Willis. 

BORLAND.  493. 
Apthorp. 
Knight. 
Lindall. 
Plympton. 

Spooner. 
Vassall. 

Wigglesworth. 
BOSWORTH,  493. 

Buckland. 

Sewall. 
BOWERS,  493,  4, 

Bowtell. 

Bradstreet. 

Danforth. 

Dunster. 

Worthington. 
BOWES,  494. 

Champney. 

Clark. 

Cook. 

Hancock. 

Hubbard. 

Remington. 

Ware. 
BOWMAN,  494-6. 

Andrew. 

Angier. 

Barnard. 

Blackleech. 

Bridge. 

Bright. 


Brown. 
Clarke. 
Coolidge. 
Cutter. 
Davis. 
Eveleth. 
Fowle. 
Frost. 
Garfield. 
Kidder. 
Livermore. 
Nurse. 
Pike. 
Reed. 
Russell. 
Sherman. 
Simonds. 
Smith. 
Soden. 
Stearns. 
Stone. 
Viles. 
Walker. 
Wetmore. 
Whitmore. 
Winship. 
Wyeth. 
BOWTELL,  496. 

Bowers. 

BRACKETT,  496. 
Alcock. 
Graves. 
Phillips. 

Stedman. 
BRADISH,  496,  7. 
Ford. 

Gibbs. 

Green. 

Marrett. 

Morrill. 

Morse. 

Oliver. 

Rice. 

Sewall. 

Stanhope. 

Tucker. 

Wood. 
BRADSHAW,  498. 

Bowers. 

Cooke. 

Hall. 

Mitchelson. 

Russell. 
BRADSTREET,  498,  9. 

Capen. 

Cotton. 

Downing. 

Dudley. 

Epes. 

Hubbard. 

Leverett. 

Oliver. 

Price. 

Remington. 

Ruggles. 

Tyng. 

Wade. 

Ward. 

Wiggin. 

Woodbridge. 
BRATTLE,  499,  500. 

Allen. 


INDEX   TO   GENEALOGIES. 


715 


Cogan. 

Coytmore. 

Eyre. 

Gerrish. 

Goffe. 

Graves. 

Gray. 

Green. 

Hay  man. 


Nowell. 

Oliver. 

Parsons. 

Quincy. 

Rainsbo  rough. 

Salstonstall. 

Sewall. 

Shepard. 

Tyng. 

Wendell. 

Williams. 

Winthrop. 
BREWKR,  500. 
BRIDGE,  500. 

Bancroft. 

Blowers. 

Bowman. 

Brooks. 

Champney. 

Danforth. 

Garfield. 

Harrington. 

Livermore. 

Luxford. 

Marrett. 

Russell. 

Saunders. 

Taylor. 

Watson. 

Whitney. 
BRIGHAM,  501,  2. 

Eames. 

Fay. 

Fessenden. 

Gage. 

Hastings. 

Hunt. 

Kurd. 

Johnson. 

Rice. 

Ward. 
BROWN,  502,  3. 

Adams. 

Barry. 

Belcher. 

Bordman. 

Bowles. 

Bray. 

Dana. 

Darby. 

Eden. 

Fessenden. 

Goddin. 

Gore. 

Green. 

Hartshorn. 

Hovey. 

Justin. 

Labottiere. 

Leonard. 

Makepeace. 

Odlin. 


Oldham. 

Paine. 

Parker. 

Rice. 

Sever. 

Sparhawk. 

Squire. 
BUCK,  503. 

Batherick. 

Brooks. 

Leven. 

Pike. 

Smith. 

Wood. 
BULL,  504. 

Bordman. 

Boyce. 

Gamage. 

Goddin. 

Mason. 

Wilson. 
BUNKER,  504. 

Bordman. 

Bulkeley. 

Eaton. 

Hills. 

Newman. 

Sprague. 

Stimson. 
BURGESS,  504,  5. 

Nutting. 

Stevenson. 
BURR,  505. 

Lovell. 

Maccoone. 
BUTLER,  505. 

Green. 

Olmstead. 

West. 

Winter. 

Wright. 

BUTTERFIELD,  505. 

Bemis. 

Chamberlin. 

Cutter. 

Dickson. 

Hackleton. 

Hastings. 

Locke. 

Robbins. 

Wheeler. 
CANE,  506. 

Hill. 

Johnson. 

Monis. 

Welch. 
CARLEY,  506. 
CAKTER,  506. 

Eccles. 

Manning. 
CHADWICK,  506. 

Burgess. 

Oldham. 

Porter. 

Welch. 
CHAMBERLIN,  506. 

Butterfield. 

Hammond. 

Winchester. 
CHAMPNEY,  506-8. 

Barrett. 

Blowers. 

Bridge. 


Brown. 

Bowes. 

Chamberlin. 

Clark. 

Colston. 

Convert. 

Coolidge. 

Corey. 

Corlett. 

Danforth. 

Emmons. 

French. 

Green. 

Hancock. 

Hastings. 

Hicks. 

Hubbard. 

Macsparran. 

Moore. 

Osborn. 

Parkman. 

Phipps. 

Pickens. 

Reed. 

Richardson. 

Russell. 

Stearns. 

Stone. 

Stowell. 

Wyeth. 
CHAPLIN,  508. 

Goodwin. 

Shepard. 
CHAUNCY,  508. 

Bulkeley. 

Eyre. 
CHEEVER,  509. 

Hawes. 

Healy. 

Messinger. 

Taylor. 

Woodhead. 
CHENEY,  509. 

Atkinson. 

Bel  knap. 

Brown. 

Burnap. 

Dill. 

Falshaw. 

Fessenden. 

Gardner. 

Goodale. 

Hill. 

Mullis. 

Parker. 

Robbins. 

Stedman. 
CHESHOLME,  509. 

Shepard. 
CHESTER,  510. 

Hooker. 

Hussell. 

Sprague. 

Whiting. 
CLARK,  510,  II. 

Andrew. 

Bonner. 

Champnev. 

Collis. 

Cook. 

Danforth. 

Fiske. 

Gibbs. 


716 


INDEX   TO    GENEALOGIES. 


Green. 
Hancock. 
Hastings. 
Heath. 
Hill. 
Lamson. 
Homer. 
Stone. 
Tvng. 
Winship. 
Woodmancy. 
CLEMENT,  511. 
Hudson. 
Taylor. 
COLBY,  511. 

Crosby. 
COLE,  511. 
Barrett. 
Frost. 
Hastings. 
Whitmore. 
COLLINS,  511, 12. 
Collinges. 
Gookin. 
Pike. 
Shepard. 
Stoughton. 
Whiting. 
Willett. 
COLLIS,  512. 

Clark. 
COLLOR,  512. 

Burns. 
COMEE. 
Corey. 
Leah. 
Munroe. 
COOKE,  513-16. 
Annesley. 
Barrett. 

Bowes. 

Bradish. 

Bradshaw. 

Cawthorne. 

Cotton. 

Crosby. 

Dickson. 

Dunster. 

Farley. 

Foss. 

Fownell. 

Frost. 

Goodwin. 

Gookin. 

Gorton. 

Griggs. 

Hale. 

Hall. 

Hancock. 

Harlakenden. 

Haskins. 

Johnson. 

Lamson. 

Milledge. 

Mullett. 

Perry. 

Porter. 

Prentice. 

Quick. 

Read. 

Remington. 

Russell. 

Sanderson. 


Shepard. 

Cooper. 

Stedman. 

Dutton. 

Stevens. 

Frost. 

Stratton. 

Grant. 

Swan. 

Hunnewell. 

Tufts. 

Isaac. 

Wellington. 

Macsparran. 

Waiting. 

Marrett. 

Willard. 

Rice. 

Winship. 

Bobbins. 

COOLIDGE,  516. 

CROSBY,  519. 

Brown. 

Blanchard. 

Crackbone. 

Brackett. 

Dana. 

Danforth. 

Fessenden. 

French. 

Frost. 

Kidder. 

Miller. 

Rawson. 

Parker. 

Tompson. 

Porter. 

CUTLER,  519-21. 

Wigglesworth. 

Bloise. 

COOPER,  516,  17. 

Bond. 

Andrew. 

Clark. 

Beals. 

Crosby. 

Bordman. 

Cutter. 

Bowers. 

Dunster. 

Carter 

Fiske. 

Convers. 

Guernsey. 

Cox. 

Hall. 

Crackbone. 

Harwood. 

Dickson. 

Haskell. 

Fessenden. 

Hodgman. 

Francis. 

Howard. 

Frost. 

Howe. 

Geohegan. 

Jones. 

Goddard. 

King. 

Gove. 

Leonard. 

Hancock. 

Moore. 

Hastings. 

Page. 

Hill. 

Paige. 

Jenkins. 

Parmenter. 

Johnson. 

Reed. 

Kidder. 

Robinson. 

Meriam. 

Russell. 

Mullett. 

Stearns. 

Palmer. 

Stone. 

Patten. 

Tidd. 

Pinson. 

Tufts. 

Prentice. 

Whittemore. 

Sparhawk. 

Winter. 

Stone. 

Wright. 

CORLETT,  517,  18. 

CUTTER,  521-6. 

Belcher. 

Abbott. 

Champney. 

Adams. 

Cutter. 

Amsdeu. 

Minot. 

Bird. 

Cox,  518. 

Blackmail. 

Cooper. 

Blanchard. 

Deland. 

Bowers. 

Dickson. 

Bowman. 

Fricke. 

Brooks. 

Hasey. 

Brown. 

Hobbs. 

Bucknam. 

Leeds. 

Butterfield. 

Phillips. 

Carter. 

Russell. 

Corlett. 

Sawin. 

Crosby. 

Smith. 

Davis. 

Watson. 

Dickson. 

CRACKBONE,  518,  19. 

Dunster. 

Beers. 

Emmons. 

Champney. 
Cook. 

Fassett. 
Fillebrown. 

,      Coolidge. 

Foster. 

INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


717 


Francis. 
Frost. 
Goffe. 
Goodwin. 
Hale. 
Hall. 

Harrington. 
Hartwell. 
Hill. 
Holden. 
Hopkins. 
Jennings. 
Kent. 
Locke. 
Luckis. 
Mason. 
Meads. 
Moore. 
Packard. 
Peirce. 
Powers. 
Prentice. 
Putnam. 
Rand. 
Reed. 

Richardson. 
Robbins. 
Rolfe. 
Russell. 
Stone. 
Swan. 
Swoetman. 
Teele. 
Trask. 
Whitmore. 
Whittemore. 
Williams. 
Winship. 
Wood. 
Wyeth. 
Wyman. 
DANA,  526-9. 
Allston. 
Angier. 
Ballard. 
Bigelow. 
Bowen. 
Brown. 
Buckminster. 
Bullard. 
Chandler. 
Clark. 
Coolidge. 
Croswell. 
Davis. 
Ellery. 
Francis. 
Frost. 
Fuller. 
Gookin. 
Graton. 
Green. 
Griffin. 
Hastings. 
Hides. 
Hunting. 
Hyde. 
Kenrick. 
Kinniard. 
Lamb. 
Leverett. 
Loud. 
Parker. 


Pulteney. 
Riplev. 
Robbins. 

DENISON,  534. 
Appleton. 
Berrv. 

Rogers. 

Bora'dell. 

Smith. 

Dudlev. 

Trowbridge. 
Upham. 

Holyo'ke. 
Marston. 

Watson. 

Leverett. 

Webber. 

Rogers. 

Willard. 

Saltonstall. 

Wilson. 
Woodward. 
Wyman. 
DANKORTH,  529-32. 
Belcher. 

Symonds. 
Tompson. 
DEXTKH,  534. 
DICKERMAN,  534. 
DICKSON,  534-6. 

Blake. 

Blanchard. 

Bradstreet. 

Butterfield. 

Bridge. 

Carter. 

Bromfield. 

Chandler. 

Brown. 

Cook. 

Champney. 
Converse. 

Cooper. 

Dunbar. 

Cutter. 

Eliot. 

Dunster. 

Fitch. 

Francis. 

Foxcroft. 

Goddard. 

French. 

Green. 

Hancock. 

Hosley. 

Hay  ward. 

Lawrence. 

Holmes. 

Peirce. 

Jarvis. 

Prentice. 

Lowder. 

Robbins. 

Parker. 

Rundle. 

Phipps. 

Russell. 

Poulter. 

Shaw. 

Rocke. 

Shed. 

Ruggles. 
Sewall. 

Symmes. 
Teel. 

Shepard. 
Svmmes. 

Thwing. 
Tufts. 

Whiting. 

Whittemore. 

Wilson. 
Withington. 

Winship. 
DOOLITTLE,  536. 

Wright. 

DRUCE,  536. 

DANIKL,  532. 

DUDLEY,  536,  7. 

Andrew. 

Allen. 

Blodgett. 

Andros. 

Fanning. 

Bradstreet. 

Fiske. 

Denison. 

Frost. 

Hagburne. 

Wyeth. 

Hall. 

DAVIS,  532. 

Hardy. 

Willard. 

Hilton. 

DAY,  532-4. 

Keayne. 

Alcock. 

Lane. 

Bordman. 

Leverett. 

Brocke. 

1'acy. 

Buckley. 

Paige. 

Chesholme. 

Tvng. 

Downing. 

Wade. 

Dunster. 

Winthrop. 

Frost. 

Woodbridge. 

Glover. 

DUNKLIN,  537. 

Green. 

DUNSTEK,  537-9. 

LetTion. 

Atkinson. 

Marrett. 

Bemis. 

Meriam. 

Bowers. 

Nowell. 

Carteret. 

Proctor. 

Cutler. 

Shepard. 

Cutter. 

Winthrop. 

Dickson. 

DEMINO,  534. 

Eaton. 

Brattle. 

Eliot. 

718 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Glover. 

Harrington. 

Hayes. 

Hills. 

Locke. 

Marrett. 

Moore. 

Page. 

Rice. 

Russell. 

Sewall. 

Taylor. 

Thomas. 

Wade. 

Willard. 
BUTTON,  539. 

Crackbone. 
EAGER,  539. 

Cole. 

Hill. 

Kerley. 

Manning. 

Morse. 
EAMES,  539. 

Barry. 

Paddlefoot. 
EASON,  539. 

Morrill. 
EATON,  539. 

Bunker. 

Chesholme. 

Dunster. 

Hastings. 

Moore. 

Osborn. 

Parker. 

Winthrop. 
ECCLES,  540. 

Andrew. 

Brooks. 

Carter. 

Watson. 
ELDKED,  540. 
ELIOT,  540. 

Bowles. 

Gookin. 

Quincy. 

Soden. 

Swan. 

Willett. 
ELMER,  540. 
ELY,  540. 
EKSIGN,  540. 
ERRINGTON,  540. 

Ayres. 

Cutler. 

Gibson. 

Lewis. 

Parker. 

Watson. 
ESTABROOK,  541. 

Bowman. 

Loring. 

Mason. 

Willard. 

Woodis. 
ESTWICK,  541. 
EVERETT,  541. 

Edwards. 
FANNING,  541. 

Betts. 

Daniel. 

Lamed. 


FARRABAS,  541,  2. 

FISKE,  545,  6. 

Perriman. 

Adams. 

Rideat. 

Baldwin. 

FASSETT,  542. 

Carter. 

Munroe. 

Clark. 

Newton. 

Cooper. 

Page. 

Daniel. 

FEAN,  542. 

Endicott. 

Sparhawk. 

Fitch. 

FELCH,  542. 

Hobbs. 

Badger. 

Humphrey. 

Hase}'. 

Loring. 

Prentice. 

Mason. 

FERGUSON,  542. 

Munroe. 

Chamberlin. 

Prentiss. 

Hurley. 

Ramsay. 

Laicore. 

Russell. 

FESSENDEN,  542-4. 

Smith. 

Badcock. 

Stone. 

Barrett. 

Teele. 

Bourne. 

Whittemore. 

Brown. 

Wilson. 

Cheney. 

Wyeth. 

Coolidge. 

FITT,  546. 

Cooper. 

FOORTH,  547. 

Fillebrown. 

FOSTER,  547. 

Foster. 

Bossenger. 

Frost. 

Conant. 

Hagar. 

Craigie. 

Hunt. 

Haven. 

Ireland. 

Parker. 

Jennings. 

Webster. 

Locke. 

Williams. 

Newell. 

FOWNELL,  547. 

Nowell. 

Fox,  547,  8. 

Oldham. 

Allen. 

Palmer. 

Brooks. 

Parker. 

Chadwick. 

Pierce. 

Cradock. 

Poulter. 

Green. 

Read. 

Hastings. 

Sewall. 

Holmes. 

Smith. 

Prince. 

.  Spring. 

Reyner. 

Squiers. 

Roberts. 

Stanwood. 
S\yeetser. 

Tyng. 
Wyeth. 

Thompson. 

FOXCROFT,  548-50. 

Winship. 

Andros. 

Wright. 

Appleton. 

Wyeth. 

Brandon. 

FILLEBROWN,  544,  5. 

Bridge. 

Barnard. 

Coney. 

Barrett. 

Danforth. 

Bordman. 

Deane. 

Brown. 

Fiske. 

Cutter. 

Flint. 

Fessenden. 

Gerrish. 

Huniiewell. 

Haskins. 

Lowe. 

Leverett. 

Mason. 

Lvon. 

Morrison. 

Merriam. 

Morse. 

Norton. 

Newland. 

Phillips. 

Pitts. 

Sumner. 

Prentice. 

Upham. 

Rand. 

Winslow. 

Richardson. 

Witherell. 

Seaver. 

FRANCIS,  550,  1. 

Stearns. 

Blanchard. 

Stonr. 

Blunt. 

Watson. 

Bound. 

FISHER,  545. 

Convers. 

INDEX  TO  GENEALOGIES. 


719 


Cooper. 
Dana. 
Dickson. 
Frost. 
Hall. 
Hill. 

Mackfassitt. 
Morse. 
Smith. 
Sparhawk. 
Squires. 
Tufts. 
Wilson. 
Wood. 
Wyeth. 

FRENCH,  551,  2. 
Angier. 
Barrett. 
Brackett. 
Browne. 
Burrage. 
Champney. 
Coggan. 
Convers. 
Danforth. 
Ellis. 
Foster. 
Hooker. 
Kittredge. 
Rogers. 
Stearns. 
Trull. 

FKOST,  552-6. 
Adams. 
Allen. 
Andrew. 
Austin. 

Blodgett. 
Boylston. 

Bonner. 

Bowman. 

Brown. 

Buckman. 

Butterfield. 

Carter. 

Cook. 

Coolidge. 

Cooper. 

Cornell. 

Crosby. 

Cutter. 

Dana. 

Daniel. 

Dutton. 

Eccles. 

Kessenden. 

Fillebrown. 

Ford. 

Foster. 

Francis. 

Frothingham. 

Goddard. 

Goodridge. 

Haddon. 

Hamlet. 

Harrington. 

Hill. 

Howard. 

Hutchinson 

Ireland. 

Jacobs. 

Johnson. 

Kidder. 


Kuhn. 

Locke. 

Lolridge. 

Martin. 

Miller. 

Miles. 

Oliver. 

Patten. 

Perry. 

Prentice. 

Rand. 

Rice. 

Roby. 

Russell. 

Singletary. 

Stone. 

Teel. 

Tufts. 

Twadell. 

Walker. 

Wallace. 

Wheeler. 

Whittemore. 

Wigglesworth. 

Wilson. 

Woodward. 

Wright. 
FRYEKS,  556. 
FULLKR,  556,  7. 

Bond. 

Boylston. 

Cady. 

Dana. 

Dyer. 

Hicks. 

Hull. 

Hyde. 

Jackson. 

Mirick. 

Shepard. 

Ward. 

GARDEN,  557. 
GARDNER,  557. 

Bowles. 

Chaplin. 

Gpldthwaite. 

Rice. 

Smith. 

Sparhawk. 

Winchester. 
GATES,  557-8. 

Edwards. 

How. 

Jones. 

Lasell. 

Maynard. 

Old'ham. 

Pierson. 

Sparhawk. 

Spring. 

Woodward. 

Wright. 
GAY,  558. 

Angier. 

Belcher. 

Hovey. 

Nutting. 

Prentice. 

Warland. 
GEAKNEK,  558. 
GIBSON,  558,  9. 
Errington. 
Hill. 


Newell. 

Pemberton. 

Prentice. 

Rolfe. 

Ruggles. 

Stearns. 

Stedman. 
GIRLING,  559. 

Andrew. 

Benjamin. 

Bridge. 

Davis. 

Shepard. 

Weld. 

Willard. 
GLEASON,  659. 
GLOVER,  559,  60. 

Appleton. 

Dave. 

Dunster. 

Hani*. 

Owfield. 

Richards. 

Stedman. 

Winthrop. 
GODDARD,  560,  1. 

Brown. 

Cooper. 

Dickson. 

Doyley. 

Frost. 

Frothingham. 

Fullerton. 

Gove. 

Hawes. 

Johnson. 

Kent. 

Kidder. 

Miles. 

Norton. 

Oldham. 

Palfrey. 

Prentice. 

Russell. 

Sanderson. 

Stone. 
GOKFE,  561,  2. 

Barnard. 

Beck. 

Bigg- 

Biscoe. 

Brattle. 

Brown. 

Cooke. 

Dana. 

Danforth. 


Lynde. 

Mitchell. 

Moore. 

Norden. 

Saxton. 

Shepard. 

Spraguc. 

Trowbridge. 

Winship. 

Witchfield. 

Woolcott. 

GOODMAN,    502,  3. 

Crowe. 

GOOKIN,  563-6. 
Apthorp. 
Batter. 


720 


INDEX   TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Biscoe. 

Brocchus. 

Carter. 

Chester. 

Child. 

Clark. 

Collicutt. 

Cotton. 

Cromwell. 

Dana. 

Danforth. 

Dolling. 

Eliot. 

Gedney. 

Goffe. 

Grant. 

Green. 

Greenleaf. 

Grover. 

Hill. 

Hinkley. 

Holmes. 

Jeffries. 

Johnson. 

Keith. 

Learned. 

Mather. 

Morse. 

Mullett. 

Munroe. 

Oakes. 

Paine. 

Parker. 

Plummer. 

Quincy. 

Savage. 

Sewall. 

Sherman. 

Smith. 

Stone. 

Stratton. 

Swan. 

Thompson. 

Thornton. 

Thwing. 

Tucker. 

Tyng. 

Whalley. 

Whiting. 
GOULD,  566. 
GOVE,  566,  7. 

Aspinwall. 

Batson. 

Cooper. 

Goddard. 

Loring. 

Prentice. 

Waldin. 

Walker. 

Wellington. 

Woodhead. 
GREEN,  567-9. 

Banbridge. 

Bradish. 

Brattle. 

Brown. 

Champney. 

Clark. 

Coolidge. 

Corey. 

Daye. 

Dennie. 

Draper. 


Dudley. 

Fox. 

Gerrish. 

Gookin. 

Hall. 

He  a  ley. 

Hicks. 

Hunting. 

Johnson. 

Longhorn. 

Mitchelson. 

Reed. 

Sill. 

Stevens. 

Thomas. 

Trowbridge. 

Winthrop. 
GREENHILL,  569. 

Shepard. 
GREENWOOD.  569. 

Ward. 

Woodward. 
GRIFFITH,  569. 
GRISWOLD,  569,  70. 

Bullard. 
GUY,  570. 

Gay. 

Warland. 
HADDEN,  570. 
HALL,  570,  1. 
Adams. 
Allen. 

Blanchard. 
Bordman. 
Bradshaw. 
Brown. 
Cook. 
Cutler. 
Cutter. 
Davis. 
Francis. 
Green. 
Hill. 
Mead. 
Oldham. 
Kayner. 
Russell. 
Sill. 
Ward. 
Willis. 
HAMLET,  571. 

Hubbard. 

HAMMEUSTON,  571. 
HAMMOND,  571. 
Bruce. 
Stedman. 
Woodward. 
HANCHET,  571. 
HANCOCK,  571-4. 
Bacon. 
Bean. 
Bird. 
Bixby. 
Bowes. 
Bowman. 
Brown. 
Champney. 
Clark. 
Colson. 
Cook. 
Cooke. 
Cooper. 
Danforth. 


Davenport. 

Dolbeare. 

Eustis. 

Evers. 

Fiske. 

Fuller. 

Green. 

Hanscom. 

Hews. 

Hill. 

Laughton. 

Munroe. 

Nash. 

Orcutt. 

Paine. 

Parker. 

Patten. 

Prentice. 

Rice. 

Russell. 

Sampson. 

Sparhawk. 

Thayer. 

Torrey. 

Valentine. 

Ware. 

Whitmore. 

Wyeth. 

Wyman. 
HARLAKENDEN,  574. 

Bosville. 

Haynes. 

Pelham. 

Shepard. 
HARRIS,  574. 

Dunster. 

Glover. 
HAKT,  574. 
HASSELL,  574,  5. 

Perry. 
HASTINGS,  575-9. 

Allen. 

Aspinwall. 

Balch. 

Billings. 

Bordman. 

Boyce. 

Bridge. 

Brigham. 

Bright. 

Buttrick. 

Caldwell. 

Champney. 

Clark. 

Cooksey. 

Cooper. 

Cotton. 

Cox. 

Cutting. 

Dana. 

Davis. 

Eaton. 

Gannett. 

Gibson. 

Hatch. 

Hill. 

Holmes. 

Howard. 

Hubbard. 

Hyde. 

Ingraham. 

Jackson. 

Judkins. 


INDEX   TO    GENEALOGIES. 


721 


Lane. 
Learned. 
Lovell. 
Marrett. 
Meane. 
Moore. 
Morse. 
Nelson. 
Palmer. 
Park. 
Parker. 
Phelps. 
Prentice. 
Richardson. 
Sampson. 
Sawyer. 
Sharp. 
Shed. 
Smith. 
Soden. 
Spring. 
Stacy. 
Swan. 
Tidd. 

Wainwright. 
Ward. 
Warren. 
Watson. 
Wellington. 
Wheat. 
Whittemore. 
Winchester. 
Winthrop. 
Wyeth. 
HAUGH,  579. 
Langdon. 
Stevens. 
HAYNES,  579. 
Cook. 

Harlakenden. 
Hooker. 
Russell. 

Wyllys. 

HEALY,  579,  80. 
Avery. 
Badcock. 
Brackett. 
Brown. 
Butterice. 

Green. 

Parker. 

Thwing. 

Watson. 
HEATE,  580. 

Marrett. 
HERRING,  580. 
HICKS,  580,  1. 

Andrew. 

Bates. 

Bradford. 

Champney. 

Fisher. 

Flagg. 

Foxcroft. 

Fuller. 

Green. 

Hunt. 

Larkin. 

Mills. 

Mitchelson. 

Needham. 

Nutting. 

Palfrey. 


Saunders. 

Sawyer. 

Sill. 

Stacy. 

Weld. 

Whittemore. 

Wyeth. 

IlLURETH,  581. 

Stone. 

HILL,  581-5. 
Adams. 
Badger. 
Bell. 
Bennett. 
Bicknall. 
Blodgett. 
Blowers. 
Bowes. 
Bowman. 
Brackett. 
Burbeck. 
Cheney. 
Clark. 
Codner. 
Cooper. 
Cutler. 
Cutter. 
Dana. 
Eustis. 
Fiske. 


Foxcroft. 

Frost. 

Gookin. 

Gowen. 

Grant. 

Grover. 

Hancock. 

Haywood. 

Hearsey. 

Howe. 

Hvde. 

Jefts. 

Jones. 

Kent. 

Kingsbury. 

Locke. 

Manning. 

Moore. 

Munroe. 

Myrick. 

Perry. 

Phillips. 

Prentice. 

Quincy. 

Rand. 

Randall. 
Remington. 

Robbins. 

Russell. 

Smith. 

Snow. 

Stone. 

Stowe. 

Swan. 

Tai  nter. 

Todd. 

Trowbridge. 

Warland. 

Wellington. 

Winship. 
HINCKSON,  585. 

Harrington. 


HOAR,  585. 
Cotton. 
Usher. 

IOLDEN,  585-7. 
Adams. 
Beal. 
Boyden. 
I  !  r;u  U  haw. 
Clark. 
Crackbone. 
Cutting. 
Durren. 
Farnsworth. 
Fiske. 
Fosdick. 
Fox. 
Fuller. 
Godding. 
Hasting. 


Longhorn. 
Manning. 
Oakes. 
Peirce. 
Russell. 
Rutter. 
Shattuck. 
Shepherd. 
Sparhawk. 
Stedman. 
Stratton. 
Swan. 
Swcetman. 
Williams. 
HOLLEY,  587. 

Kendall. 
HOLM  AN,  587,  8. 
Gipson. 
Prentice. 
Ross. 

HOLMES,  588. 
Bordman. 
Brown. 
Felt. 
.Johnson. 
Parsons. 
Read. 
Stiles. 
Thatcher. 
Upham. 
Wendell. 
HOMWOOD,  588. 
HOOKER,  589. 
Ames. 
Cotton. 
Leverett. 
Mitchell. 
Newton. 
Shepard. 
Wigglesworth. 
Wilson. 
HOPKINS,  589. 
HOSMKR,  589. 
HOUGHTON,  589. 

Phipeuy. 
HOUSE,  589. 
HOVEY,  589-91. 
Angier. 
Atwood. 
Avers. 
Barlow. 
Bradbury. 
Brimhali. 


722 


INDEX  TO    GENEALOGIES. 


Brown. 

Chamberlin. 

Chapouil. 

Cooke. 

Cushman. 

Denny. 

Forbes. 

Foster. 

Gardner. 

Glover. 

Greenwood. 

Hammond. 

Hodgkins. 

Hoppin. 

Jordan. 

Leathe. 

Lee. 

Lincoln. 

Livermore. 

Marrett. 

Mason. 

Murray. 

Parker. 

Peirce. 

Pratt. 

Prentice. 

Remington. 

Sampson. 

Scott. 

Seaver. 

Stone. 

Swett. 

Tapley. 

Walker. 

Watson. 

Wheat. 

Willis. 

Wilson. 

Winchester. 

Winship. 
HUBBARD,  591. 

Bowes. 

Champney. 

Durant. 

Hamlet. 

Ives. 

Prentice. 

Russell. 

Winship. 
HUDSON,  592- 

Atherton. 

Waters. 
HUNT,  592. 

Isaac. 
HYDE,  592. 

Barnes. 

French. 

Jackson. 

Kendrick. 

Osland. 

Rediat. 
Stedman. 
Woolson. 
ISAAC,  592. 
JACKSON,  592,  3. 
Biscoe. 
Bond. 
Bright. 
Browne. 
Cook. 
Dana. 
Fuller. 
Hobart. 


Kenrick. 
Newgate. 
Newman. 
Oliver. 
Prentice. 
Preston. 
Robbins. 
Trowbridge. 
Truesdale. 
Ward. 
Williams. 
Wilson. 
Wiswall. 
JOHNSON,  593-5. 
Barker. 
Cane. 
Clark. 
Cook. 
Cooper. 
Eliot. 
Goodnow. 
Green. 
Hastings. 
Logan. 
Monis. 
Moore. 
Perry. 
Prentice. 
Reed. 
Warren. 
Whitney. 
JONES,  595. 
Ash. 
Buss. 
Fisk. 
Gleason. 
Hassell. 
Hill. 
Horton. 
Stone. 
Winship. 
JUDD,  595. 

Craigie. 

Hooker. 

Longfellow. 
KELSEY,  595. 

Hooker. 

Phillips. 
KEMPSTEK,  595. 

Andrew. 

Frost. 

Holden. 

Moulton. 

Parke. 
KKNDALL,  595. 

Holley. 

Jackson. 
KENRICK,  595,  6. 

Hyde. 

Jackson. 

Metcalf. 
KIDDER,  596,  7. 

Hartlett. 

Bowman. 

Brown. 

Cooper. 

Crosby. 

Danforth. 

Frothingham. 

Goddard. 

Griggs. 

Hunnewell 

Hyde. 


Jackson. 

Kettle. 

Lopez. 

Moore. 

Parker. 

Prentice. 

Sigourney. 

Sprague. 

Tompson. 

Underwood. 

Winship. 
KNIGHT,  597. 

Belts. 

Shaw. 

Simpkins. 
KNOWI.ES,  597. 
LAMSON,  597. 

Bridge. 

Clark. 

Isaac. 

Parish. 

Sparhawk. 

Stone. 

LAPPINWAI.L,  598. 
LATHAM,  598. 

Shepard. 
LAWTON,  598. 
LEVERKTT,  598,  9. 

Barry. 

Boylston. 

Brattle. 

Clark. 

Colman. 

Cotton. 

Dana. 

Denison. 

Harris. 

Hooper. 

Mitchell. 

Pratt. 

Rogers. 

Shepard. 

Wigglesworth. 
LEWIS,  599. 
LOCKWOOD,  599. 

Bradstreet. 

Haynes. 

Spencer. 
LONGHORN,  599,  600. 

Crosby. 

Green. 

Marrett. 
LORD,  600. 
LOWDEN,  600. 

Stevenson. 
LUXFORD,  600, 1. 

Albone. 

Billings. 

Cole. 

Fessenden. 

Glover. 

Goodwin. 

Olbon. 

Patten. 
MACKEY,  601. 
MACOONE,  601. 

Bush. 

Foster. 

Wood. 
MANN,  601. 

Palmer. 

Teel. 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


723 


MANNING,  601-3. 

Abbott. 

Adams. 

Barrett. 

Barrows. 

Bingham. 

Bull. 

Carter. 

Case. 

Cleaveland. 

Cogswell. 

Darling. 

Day. 

Eager. 

French. 

Glover. 

Hill. 

Hough  ton. 

King. 

Laninan. 

Oliver. 

Pratt. 

Proctor. 

Randall. 

Remington. 

Robinson. 

Stearns. 

Stocking. 

Warland. 

Williams. 

Winship. 

Woods. 

Wright. 
MARKHAM,  603. 

Whitmore. 
MARKETT,  603-5. 

Amsden. 

Barstow. 

Bradish. 

Crackbone. 

Dunster. 

Fayerweather. 

Fisher. 

Foster. 

Hastings. 

Hayes. 

Hill. 

Hovey. 

Jones. 

Lawrence. 

Locke. 

Longfellow. 

Longhorn. 

Martyn. 

Monis. 

Parker. 

Pierce. 

Rice. 

Richardson. 

Ruggles. 

Sewall. 

Shepard. 

Stanhope. 

Tidd. 

Vassall. 

Washington. 

Wells. 

Weston. 

Winsor. 

Witt. 

Wyatt. 
MAKTIN,  605. 

Frost. 


MASON,  605-8. 

Biscoe. 

Blanchard. 

Brooks. 

Brown. 

Bry. 

Buckner. 

Bull. 

Chamberlin. 

Cheney. 

Child. 

Clark. 

Coolidge. 

Cutter. 

Dane. 

De  Lery. 

Denison. 

Dexter. 

Dudley. 

Ellson. 

Estabrook. 

Fayerweather. 

Fillebrown. 

Fiske. 

Foster. 

Gardner. 

Hammond. 

Harlow. 

Harrington. 

Harris. 

Hodges. 

Rowland. 

Hovey. 

Kellam. 

Learned. 

Livermore. 

Luke. 

Marshall. 

McEnery. 

Monck. 

Monis. 

Nichols. 

Perry. 

Russell. 

Sabin. 

Sargent. 

Sawin. 

Sewall. 

Sharp. 

Shipley. 

Soden. 

Spring. 

Stone. 

Stratton. 

Tennell. 

Topliff. 

Watson. 

Webster. 

Wellington. 

Whitney. 

Williams. 
MASTERS,  609. 

Dobyson. 

Latham. 

Lockwood. 

Tabor. 

MAYNARD,  609. 
MEAD,  609. 

Barnard. 

Collins. 

Hall. 

Hastings. 

Warren. 


MEANE,  609. 

Hastings. 
MERIAM,  609. 

Ball. 

Cooper. 

Stone. 
MILLER,  609,  10. 

Coolidge. 

Frothingham. 

Smith. 

Tapley. 
MINOT,  610. 

Champney. 

Corlett. 
MIHICK,  610. 

Trowbridge. 
MITCHELL,  610. 


Goffe. 

Lynde. 

Sewall. 

Shepard. 
MITCHELSON,  610,  11 

Atkinson. 

Bradshaw. 

Bushell. 

Deering. 

Green. 

Scarlet. 

Shears. 

Shepard. 

Weld. 

Willard. 
MOORE,  611,  12. 

Adams. 

Batchelder. 

Champney. 

Cutter. 

Dunster. 

Eaton. 

Edwards. 

Hastings. 

Hodges. 

Holyoke. 

Johnson. 

Jones. 

Kidder. 

Mayhew. 

Miles. 

Mitchell. 

Periman. 

Porter. 

Rand. 

Richardson. 

Robbins. 

Russell. 

Sweetser. 

Vincent. 

Warland. 

Watson. 
MOHRILL,  612. 
MUNROK,  612-14. 

Blanchard. 

Bowen. 

Bowman. 

Burgess. 

Burt. 

Coney. 

Coolidge. 

Cutler. 

Fassett. 

Fiske. 

Hancock. 


724 


INDEX   TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Harrington. 
Hastings. 
Jones. 
Kent, 
Lewis. 
Locke. 
Marrett. 
Mason. 
Mead. 
Parker. 
Peirce. 
Porter. 
Prentice. 
Robbins. 
Rugg. 
Russell. 
Sanderson. 
Tidd. 
Watson. 
Wyer. 
Wyeth. 
MUTCHIN,  614. 
MUZZEY,  614,  15. 
Boutelle. 
Bowers. 
Chandler. 
Dexter. 
Green. 
Prentice. 
Reed. 
Roscoe. 
Ruckew. 
Waite. 
Whittemore. 
MYGATE,  615. 
NEEDHAM,  615. 
Hicks. 
Maynard. 
NEWMAN,  615. 
Bunker. 
Sparhawk. 
Wiswall. 
NICHOLS,  615. 
NORCROSS,  615. 
NUTTING,  615,  16. 
Gay. 
Hicks. 
Holmes. 
Nowell. 
Shepard, 
Walton. 
Winthrop. 
OAKES,  616, 17. 
Angier. 
Dudley. 
Flint. 
Hay  ward. 
Jenkins. 
Sewall. 
Sweetser. 
Waite. 

OLDHAM,  617. 
Brown. 
Chadvvick. 
Dana. 
Fessenden. 
Frothingham. 
Gates. 
Parks. 
Reed. 
Wood. 

OLIVKK,  618-20. 
Angier. 


Belcher. 

Grant. 

Bradish. 

Hancock. 

Bradstreet. 

Hartwell. 

Brattle. 

Healy. 

Brown. 

Humphrey. 

Cheever. 

Jackson. 

Frost. 

Kidder. 

Gerry. 

Livermore. 

Jackson. 

Saxon. 

Lowell. 

S  eager. 

Manning. 

Sexton. 

Mattucks. 

Stone. 

Newgate. 

Thwing. 

Noyes. 

Warland. 

Prentice. 

Woods. 

Prescott. 

PARKS,  623. 

Royal. 

Beers. 

Sparhawk. 

Cooke. 

Trowbridge. 

Cromwell. 

Vassall. 

Derkes. 

Wendell. 

Dix. 

William^. 

Fisk. 

Wilson. 

Holland. 

Wiswall. 

Knapp. 

Wyman. 

Sanger. 

OLMSTKAD,  620. 

Stedman. 

OSLAND,  620. 

Whitmore. 

Hyde. 

Winship. 

Paul. 

PARLEN,  623. 

Pratt. 

Hanmore. 

Prentice. 

PATRICK,  623,  4. 

Wilson. 

Underbill. 

PADDLEFOOT,  620,  1. 

PATTEN,  624,  5. 

Blanford. 

Adams. 

Eames. 

Cooper. 

PAINE,  621. 

Didson. 

PALFREY,  621. 

Ditson. 

Bordman. 

Eames. 

Goddard. 

Frost. 

Hicks. 

Hancock. 

Williams. 

Hunnewell. 

PALMER,  621. 

Jackson. 

Bemis. 

Lnxford. 

Child. 

Marrett. 

Cooper. 

Richardson. 

Day. 

Robbins. 

Ellis. 

Russell. 

Fessenden. 

Seccomb. 

Gamage. 

Tufts. 

Gibbs. 

Willis. 

Jones. 

PATTERSON,  625. 

Parker. 

Stevenson. 

Stratton. 

PEIRCE,  625. 

Walker. 

Dickson. 

Warland. 

Fessenden.     , 

Whitney. 

Fisk. 

Wiswall. 

Marrett. 

Wyman. 

Munroe. 

PANTRY,  622. 

Prentice. 

PARISH,  622. 

Ransford. 

Dan  forth. 

Read. 

Oakes. 

Sparhawk. 

Parris. 

Stedman. 

PARKER,  622,  3. 

PELHAM,  625,  6. 

Bates. 

Arnold. 

Bordman. 

Banister. 

Cheney. 

Bellingham. 

Coolidge. 

Bolton. 

Dana. 

Bosville. 

Fessenden. 

Brenton. 

Foster. 

Charles  II. 

Goddin. 

Clark. 

Gookin. 

Cowley. 

INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


725 


Dudley. 

Eliot. 

Garrett. 

Harlakenden. 

Morant. 


Sibley. 

Waldegrave. 

Winslow. 
PHILLIPS,  628. 

Dan  forth. 

Foxcroft. 

Jackson. 

Pelham. 

Shepard. 
PHIPS,  627. 

Bennett. 

Bordman. 

Greenleaf. 

Lech  me  re. 

Lee. 

Oliver. 

Spencer. 

Vassall. 

Winthrop. 
PICKE,  627. 
PICKERING,  627. 
PINSON,  627. 

Cooper. 
PLACE,  627. 
POLLY,  627. 
POST,  628. 

Hancock. 

Satle. 

Sawtell. 
PRATT,  628. 

Coytmore. 

Ho'oker. 

Isaac. 

Winthrop. 
PRENTICE,  628-36. 

Adams. 

Andros. 

Angier. 

Appleton. 

Austin. 

Badger. 

Balch. 

Bates. 

Batson. 

Binney. 

Bird. 

Bordman. 

Brackett. 

Brown. 

Butman. 

Capen. 

Collier. 

Collins. 

Conant. 

Cook. 

Cooper. 

Cowdrey. 

Cutter. 

Darby. 

Davenport. 

Dickinson. 

Dick  son. 

Emerson. 

Emery. 

Fay. 

Fetch. 

Fessenden. 


Fillebrown. 

Fiske. 

Fitch. 

Fosdick. 

Foster. 

Freeman. 

Frost. 

Frothingham. 

Gamage. 

Gay. 

Gibson. 

Goddard. 

Good now. 

Gorham. 

Gove. 

Haley. 

Hall. 

Hancock. 

Haskell. 

Haynes. 

Hill. 

Holden. 

Hovey. 

Hubb'ard. 

Hyde. 

Ireland. 

Jackson. 

Johnson. 

Kent. 

Ketteell. 

Kidder. 

Learned. 

Logan. 

Lyon. 

Mellen. 

Munroe. 

Murdoch. 

Oliver. 

Orne. 

Osland. 

Peirce. 

Phillips. 

Pierce. 

Rand. 

Richardson. 

Bobbins. 

Rockwell. 

Russell. 

Sartell. 

Saunders. 

Scripture. 

Smith. 

Soden. 

Spencer. 

Sprague. 

Stanton. 

Symmes. 

Teel. 

Tenney. 

Todd. 

Tufts. 

T/ng. 

Underwood. 

Waldron. 

Walker. 

Ware. 

Warland. 

Warren. 

Watson. 

Weare. 

Whitefield. 

Whitney. 

Whittemore. 


Williams. 

Winship. 

Woodward. 

Worth. 

Worthylake. 

Wyeth. 
PRINCE,  636. 
RAYNER,  636. 

Hall. 

Winship. 
READ,  636,  7. 

Batson. 

Brown. 

Culvery. 

Fessenden. 

Glover. 

Goffe. 

Goodwin. 

Holmes. 

Marshall. 

Oldham. 

Sessions. 

Stacey. 

Stratton. 

Wait. 

Whiting. 

Wyeth. 

Wyman. 
REED,  637-9. 

Baker. 

Blood. 

Bond. 

Champney. 

Converse. 

Cook. 

Crosbv. 

Elsonl 

Estabrook. 

Fiske. 

Houghtoti. 

Jenkins. 

Jennison. 

Johnson. 

Kendall. 

Paige. 

Peirce. 

Pierce. 

PouUer. 

Ravner. 

Rice. 

Richardson. 

Robinson. 

Rockwell. 
•     Russell. 

Sawyer. 

Somers. 

Stone. 

Tidd. 

Walker. 

Winn. 

Winship. 

Wyman. 
REDDING,  639. 
REDFKN,  639. 

Jackson. 
REMINGTON,  639,  40. 

Belcher. 

Biscoe. 

Bowes. 

Bradstreet. 

Buckminster. 

Channing. 

Convers. 


726 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Ellery. 

Epps. 

Gibson. 

Hill. 

Hobby. 

Larkin. 

Stedman. 

Stevens. 

Trowbridge. 
RICE,  640. 

Cootsay. 

Foxcroft. 

Harrington. 

Marrett. 

Reed. 

Shed. 

Watson. 

Wilcockson. 
RICHARDSON,  640, 1. 

Arnold. 

Bond. 

Carson. 

Champney. 

Convers. 

Cutter. 

Fillebrown. 

Marrett. 

Morse. 

Munroe. 

Peirson. 

Prentice. 

Prentiss. 

Rand. 

Russell. 

Smith. 

Stevenson. 

Wilson. 

Winship. 
RIDER,  641. 
ROBBINS,  641-4. 

Adams. 

Allen. 

Bacon. 

Barrett. 

Braside. 

Bridge. 

Brown. 

Butterfield. 

Capen. 

Cheney. 

Cook. 

Coolidge. 

Crackbone. 

Cutter. 

Dana. 

Dickson. 

Draper. 

Durant. 

Estabrook. 

Fillebrown. 

Gould. 

Griffin. 

Hammond. 

Hartwell. 

Hill. 

Jackson. 

Johnson. 

Lyon. 

Miles. 

Moore. 

Morse. 

Patten. 

Peirce. 


Prentice. 

Russell. 

Squire. 

Stearns. 

Stone. 

Stratton. 

Sweetser. 

Trowbridge. 

White. 

Whitney. 

Williams. 

Woodward. 
ROBINSON,  644,  5. 

Bacon. 

Biglow. 

Billings. 

Brigham. 

Church. 

Dickinson. 

Fassett. 

Fay. 

Leonard. 

Manning. 

Reed. 

Safford. 

Simonds. 

Simons. 

Swift. 

Tidd. 

Tufts. 

Upham. 

Webster. 

Weeks. 
ROLFE,  645,  6. 

Coffin. 

Cutter. 

Scullard. 
ROSCOE,  646. 

Muzzey. 

Ruskew. 
ROSE,  646. 

Russell. 
Ross,  646. 

Bumford. 

Holman. 

Levistone. 

Patten. 

Winship. 
RUGG,  646. 

Munroe. 
RUSSELL,  646-51. 

Abbott. 

Adams. 

Bailey. 

Ballafd. 

Barnard. 

Belcher. 

Bel  knap.  < 

Bemis. 

Black  ington. 

Blodgett. 

Boynton. 

Bradshaw. 

Bridge. 

Brooks. 

Bullard. 

Carruth. 

Clark. 

Cogswell. 

Colby. 

Cooke. 

Cox. 

Creary. 


Cutler. 

Cutter 

Dickson. 

Dodge. 

Dunster. 

Eaton. 

Farwell. 

Fillebrown. 

Fiske. 

Frost. 

Hall. 

Hancock. 

Harrington. 

Hastings. 

Hill. 

Hobart. 

Holbrook. 

Holden. 

Howe. 

Hubbard. 

Hutchinson. 

Jones. 

Lawrence. 

Locke. 

Lyon. 

Mason. 

Meriam. 

Munroe. 

Patten. 

Perry. 

Pierce. 

Prentice. 

Preston. 

Rice. 

Robbins. 

Sanderson. 

Sprague. 

Stedman. 

Tufts. 

Underwood. 

Warren. 

Webber. 

White. 

Whittemore. 

Wilkins. 

Williams. 

Wilson. 

Winship. 

Wyman. 
SACKETT,  651. 

Stedman. 

SALTONSTALL,  651. 
SAUNDERS,  651,  2. 

Ball. 

Bancroft. 

Bartlett. 

Flagg. 

Holden. 

Penniman. 

Prentiss. 

Savil. 

Spear. 

Whittemore. 

Willard. 
SAWTELL,  652. 

Knight. 

Parker. 

Post. 

Satle. 
SCOTT,  652. 

Austin. 

Biscoe. 

Buckley. 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


727 


Ewe. 

James. 

Jarvis. 

Smith. 

Trowbridge. 
SCRIPTURE,  652. 

Knapp. 

Prentice. 
SEAGER,  C52. 

Bishop. 
SEWALL,  652. 

Fessenden. 

Mitchell. 

Sparhawk. 

Wellington. 

Wigglesworth. 
SHAW,  652,  3. 

Angier. 

Craigie. 

Dickson. 
SHEPAKD,  653,  4. 

Allen. 

Anderson. 

Boradell. 

Collins. 

Cooke. 

Cromwell. 

Downing. 

Eaton. 

Greenhill. 

Hayman. 

Holman. 

Hooker. 

Leverett. 

Lynde. 

Mitchell. 

Pond. 

Quincy. 

Touteville. 

Tucker. 

Tyng. 

Wigglesworth. 
SHERBORNE,  -654. 

Mitchelson. 

Shepard. 
SILL,  655. 

Belcher. 

Green. 

Hicks. 

Pynchon. 
SIMONDS,  655. 

Tidd. 

SlMPKINS,  655. 

Knight. 

SKIDMORE,  655. 
SKINNER,  655. 

Ibbitt. 
SMITH,  655,  6. 

Bissell. 

Buck. 

Cox. 

Daniel. 

Fessenden. 

Fowle. 

Hagar. 

Hill. 

Jordan. 

Miller. 

Parsons. 

Prentice. 

Scott. 

Thwing. 

White. 


Wyeth. 
SPAKHAWK,  656-9. 

Adams. 

Aspinwall. 

Avery. 

Bartlett. 

Blake. 

Brown. 

Convers. 

Cooper. 

Cutting. 

Dana. 

Gardner. 

Gates. 

Hancock. 

Holden. 

Holmes. 

Iloughton. 

Jarvis. 

Mayo. 

Murdock. 

Newman. 

Oliver. 

Pemberton. 

Pepperell. 

Perkins. 

Pierce. 

Porter. 

Sewall. 

Thwing. 

Turner. 

Wellington. 

Whiting. 

Whitney. 

Wigglesworth. 

Williams. 
SPENCER,  659. 

Angier. 

Swoetman. 
SPRING,  659. 

Barsham. 

Gates. 

Lee. 

Swan. 

Ward. 
SQUIRE,  659-60. 

Askell. 

Brown. 

Fessenden. 

Francis. 

Haskell. 
STAGEY,  660. 

Adams. 

Bean. 

Hastings. 

Hicks. 

STANLEY,  660. 
STANESUY,  660. 

Cutter. 
STARR,  660. 
STEARNS,  660,  1. 

Beers. 

Fillebrown. 

French. 

Frost. 

Gibson. 

Knowlton. 

Lathrop. 

Manning. 

Mixer. 

Morse. 

Stone. 

Wellington. 


STEBBINS,  661. 

Danforth. 

Hooker. 
STEDMAN,  661-3. 

Alcock. 

Austin. 

Bagnall. 

Blaisdell. 

Brackett. 

Braman. 

Burr. 

Cheney. 

Clark. 

Cooke. 

Davis. 

Dolhond. 

Edwards. 

Gibson. 

Glover. 

Graves. 

Hammond. 

Henshaw. 

Hyde. 

Meacham. 

Metcalf. 

Moore. 

Munroe. 

Phillips. 

Quincy. 

Remington. 

Russell. 

Sackett. 

Sharp. 

Shove. 

Sprague. 

Stowell. 

Thompson. 

Thurston. 

Titcomb. 

Upham. 

Winship. 
STEELE,  663. 

Judd. 
STEVKNS,  663. 

Barrett. 

Green. 

Remington. 
STEVENSON,  663. 

Abdy. 

Burfieen. 

Burges. 

Lowden. 

Patterson. 

Richardson. 

Wilson. 

STILEMAN,  663. 
STOCKING,  663. 
STONE,  663-6. 

Andrew. 

Bent. 

Bond. 

Boylston. 

Brifiham.  • 

Bright. 

Brown. 

Burt. 

Clark. 

Coombs. 

Cooper. 

Dyke. 

Edmands. 

Fairbanks. 

Fox. 


728 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


Goddard. 

Gookin. 

Hammond. 

Hildreth. 

Hill. 

Hinkley. 

Hooker. 

Hovey. 

Hunt. 

Jones. 

Keach. 

Livermore. 

Lumpkin. 

Mason. 

Miriam. 

Moody. 

Noyes. 

Parker. 

Potter. 

Reed. 

Rice. 

Robbins. 

Searl. 

Shepard. 

Sparhawk. 

Stearns. 

Stow. 

Trowbridge. 

Tufts. 

Walker. 

Ward. 

Warner. 

Wellington. 

Whipple. 

White. 

Whittemore.   ' 

Williams. 

Wilson. 

Woodward. 
STOWELL,  666. 

Stedman. 
STRATTON,  666. 

Child. 

Cooke. 

Lowell. 

Norcross. 

Palmer. 

Richards. 

Robbins. 

Walker. 
STRKETEK,  666,  7. 

Sears. 
SWAN,  667,  8. 

Abbott. 

Bittlestone. 

Convers. 

Cook. 

Crosby. 

Cutter. 

Hinds. 

Holden. 

Mansur. 

Palfrey. 

Parks. 

Patten. 

Polley. 

Pratt. 

Richardson. 

Robbins. 

Spring. 

Wade. 

Watts. 

Williams. 


SWCETMAN,   668. 

Hews. 

Spencer.    . 

Wellington. 
SYMMES,  668. 
TALCOTT,  668. 
TAYLOR,  668,  9. 

Clemanoe. 

Foxcroft. 

Oakes. 
THATCHER,  669,  70. 

Brown. 

Child. 

Gardner. 

Gerry. 

Goddard. 

Holmes. 

Knox. 

Morse. 

Payson. 

Putnam. 

Spring. 
THOMPSON,  670. 

Burr. 

Chandler. 

Crosby. 

Hunnewell. 

Sharp. 

Shove. 

Stedman. 

Upham . 
THURSTON,  670. 

Stedman. 
TIDD,  670. 

Blodgett. 

Chandler. 

Cutler. 

Munroe. 

Reed. 

Simonds. 

Smith. 

Wood. 

Wyeth. 
TOMLINS,  670. 
TOWNE,  670,  1. 

Banbrick. 

Bradish. 

Howard. 

Mitchell. 

Sewall. 

Stone. 
TROWBRIDGE,  671,  2. 

Atherton. 

Bent. 

Boddington. 

Chamberlin. 

Chaplin. 

Dana. 

Eaton. 

Edgell. 

Farrar. 

Fuller. 

Gambell. 

Goffe. 

Greenwood. 

Hemenway. 

How. 

Jackson. 

Jones. 

Mirick. 

Oliver. 

Remington. 

Rice. 


Savage. 

Stedman. 

Stone. 

Walter. 

Ward. 

Wilson. 
TRUESOALE,  672. 

Bordman. 

Emblin. 

Foot. 

Gilbert. 

Greenleaf. 

Halton. 

Hood. 

Jackson. 
TRUMBULL,  672. 
UPHAM,  673. 

Dana. 

Sharp. 

Stedman. 

Thompson. 
USHKR,  673,  4. 

Alden. 

Allen. 

Andros. 

Brown. 

Butler. 

Cotton. 

Cromwell. 

Harris. 

Harwood. 

Hoar. 

Jeffries. 

Lidgett. 

Moodey. 

Morton. 

Newman. 

Parsons. 

Royall. 

Sewall. 

Shrimpton. 

Symmes. 

Thomas. 

Tvng. 

Wharton. 

Willis. 

Woodbridge. 

Wooddrop. 
VASSALL,  674,  5. 

Barron.- 

Batchelder. 

Davis. 

Ellery. 

Lavicourt. 

Oliver. 

Phips. 

Royall. 

Russell. 
VINCENT,  675. 

Moore. 
WADSWORTH,  675,  6. 

Andros. 

Ashley. 

Bordman. 

Champney. 

Higginson. 

Parrott. 

Peirce. 

Stone. 

Stoughton. 

Terry. 

WAKEMAN,  676. 
WALES,  676. 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


729 


WARD,  676,  7. 
Bacon. 
Brigham. 
Burrage. 
Eames. 
Fuller. 
Gay. 

Greenwood. 
Hall. 
How. 
Jackson. 
Johnson. 
Kenrick. 
Lovering. 
Mattocks. 
Moore. 
Rice. 
Spring. 
Stone. 

Trowbridge. 
Williams. 
Wilson. 
Woods. 
Wyeth. 

WAKLAND,  677,  8. 
Abbott. 

Barrett. 

Bates. 

Bean. 

Bigelow. 

Bird. 

Breed. 

Brown. 

Carter. 

Cutler. 

Darling. 

Farwell. 

Giles. 

Hill. 

Howe. 

Hunnewell. 

Mann. 

Manning. 

Moore. 

Palmer. 

Parker. 

Phelps. 

Plympton. 

Porter. 

Prentice. 

Richardson. 

Shepard. 

Stearns. 

Thompson. 
WAKNEK,  678,  9. 

Cooke. 

Wood. 
WATSON,  679-81. 

Allen. 

Angier. 

Bradshaw. 

Butterfield. 

Cox. 

Errington. 

Fillebrown. 

Gamage. 

Goodwin. 

Grant. 

Hall. 

Hastings. 

Healy. 

Hill. 

Holmes. 


Huntress. 

WHALEY,  684. 

Locke. 

WHITCOMB,  684. 

Lopez. 

WHITE,  684. 

Moore. 

Danforth. 

Munroe. 

Hixton. 

Murdock. 

Shepard. 

Prentiss. 

Taylor. 

Rice. 

WHITMORE,  684-6. 

Shepard. 
Skinner. 

Blodgett. 
Bowman. 

Stone. 

Brooks. 

Tainter. 

Cutter. 

Tufts. 

Elder. 

Whitmore. 

Eliot. 

Whittemore. 

Fillebrown. 

Willis. 

Francis. 

Wyeth. 

Gardner. 

WEBB,  681. 

Hall. 

WEBBEK,  682. 

Hancock. 

WELCH,  682. 

Hyde. 

WELD,  682. 

Kendall. 

Clapp. 

Lane. 

Denison. 

Locke. 

Frank. 

Markham. 

Fuller. 

Page. 

Harris. 

Park. 

Kitchen. 

Peirce. 

Mitchelson. 

Poulter. 

Savage. 

Rolfe. 

Stoddard. 

Skinner. 

Winslow. 

Thompson. 

WELLINGTON,  682-4. 

Tufts. 

Abbott. 

Watson. 

Adams. 

Webber. 

Barnard. 

Whittemore. 

Bond. 

Wilcox. 

Bosworth  . 

Winship. 

Bridge. 

WHITTEMORE,  686-91 

Brown. 

Angier. 

Clark. 

Avery. 

Cook. 

Bond. 

Coolidge. 

Bradley. 

Cutting. 

Brooks. 

Davenport. 

Butterfield. 

Dix. 

Carteret. 

Fassett. 

Clark. 

Fay. 

Corbett. 

Fessenden, 

Cutler. 

Hill. 

Cutter. 

Livermore. 

Dana. 

Lord. 

Danforth. 

Maddock. 

Davenport. 

Mulliken. 

Davis. 

Munroe. 

Dickson. 

Page. 

Dunster. 

Palsgrave. 

Durant. 

Phipps. 

Kdmands. 

Reed. 

Eustis. 

Richardson. 

Farr. 

Sewall. 

Faulkner. 

Sherman. 

Ferguson. 

Smith. 

Fiske. 

Stearns. 

Foster. 

Stone. 

French. 

Straight. 

Gee. 

Swoetman. 

Goodwin. 

Whiting. 

Harris. 

Whittemore. 

Hastings. 

Winneck. 

Hicks. 

Wyman. 

Jaques. 

Yates. 

Jcnnison. 

WESTWOOU,  684. 

Johnson. 

Cook. 

Kent. 

730 


INDEX   TO    GENEALOGIES. 


Kettell. 

Bartlett. 

King. 

Cochran. 

Lawrence. 

Cook. 

Linnex. 

Dana. 

Livermore. 

Heard. 

Locke. 

Sheaffe. 

Low. 

WILLIAMS,  692-4. 

Lucas. 

Bordman. 

Mellins. 

Bradstreet. 

Miller.. 

Child. 

Mousall. 

Cooke. 

Munroe. 

Cooper. 

Muzzey. 

Cunningham. 

Paige. 

Gushing. 

Parker. 

Cutter. 

Parsons. 

Davies. 

Pease. 

Hovey. 

Peirce. 

Jackson. 

Perry. 

Leonard. 

Phipps. 

Oliver. 

Pilet. 

Park. 

Prentice. 

Parsons. 

Quiner. 

Prentice. 

Hand. 

Priest. 

Raymond. 
Koby. 

Robbins. 
Russell. 

Russell. 

Savell. 

Scott. 

Sparhawk. 

Smith. 

Swan. 

Sprague. 

Wilson. 

Stone. 

Winship. 

Townsend. 

Woodward. 

Upham. 

WILLIS,  694. 

Warren. 

Palfrey. 

Watson. 

Parker. 

Weston. 

Patten. 

Wheeler. 

Seccomb. 

Whiting. 

Wade. 

Whitrnore. 

WILLY,  694. 

Wilson. 

Daues. 

Winship. 

WILSON,  694,  5. 

Wood. 

Belknap. 

WlGGLESWORTH,  691. 

Brown. 

Andrews. 

Bull. 

Appleton. 

Caldwell. 

Coolidge. 

Chesholme. 

Hill. 

Croford. 

Hooker. 

Dana. 

Leverett. 

Fiske. 

Mitchell. 

Francis. 

Quincy. 

Frost. 

Sewall. 

Hopkins. 

Shepard. 

Lopaus. 

Sparhawk. 

Meek. 

WILCOX,  691. 

Patrick. 

Bancroft. 

Payne. 

Boy  den. 

Perry. 

Fox. 

Richardson. 

Francis. 

Sherman. 

Frost. 

Stevenson. 

Hall. 

Swan. 

Hastings. 

Whittemore. 

Mitchell. 

Williams. 

Patten. 

Winship. 

Shepard. 

Wyeth. 

Taylor. 

WINCHESTER,  695. 

Whitmore. 

WINCOLL,  695. 

Woods. 

Bridge. 

WILKINSON,  691. 

Goffe. 

Goffe. 

WINES,  695. 

Winship. 

WINSHIP,  695-700. 

WILLARD,  691,  2. 

Adams. 

Andrews. 

Angier. 

Barsham. 

Blackington. 

Bowers. 

Bowman. 

Bundy. 

Carter. 

Childs. 

Coggan. 

Cooke. 

Crafts. 

Crosby. 

Cutter. 

Davis. 

Dickson. 

Edgell. 

Elder. 

Eliot. 

Estabrook. 

Fessenden. 

Fiske. 

Foster.  . 

Francis. 

Geohegan. 

Godding. 

Grant, 

Green. 

Harrington. 

Hill. 

Holbrook. 

Hovey. 

Hubbard. 

Jennison. 

Johnson. 

Kendall. 
Kidder. 
Laughton. 
Learned. 
Loring. 
Lyon. 
Manning. 
Marion. 
Meriam. 
Munroe. 
Muzzey. 
Peirce. 
Phillips. 
Piper. 
Porter. 
Poulter. 
Powers. 
Prentice. 
Raymond. 
Raj'ner. 
Richardson. 
Robbins. 
Russell. 
Sawyer. 
Shed. 
Simonds. 
Spring. 
Stedman. 
Story. 
Thorn. 
Thornton. 
Wheeler. 
Whiteley. 
Wilkinson. 
Williams. 
Wilson. 
Wootton. 
Wyeth. 
Wyman. 
WINTER,  700. 


INDEX  TO   GENEALOGIES. 


731 


WlNTHROP,    700,  1. 

Chauncy. 
Fayerweather. 
Hastings. 
Phillips. 
Tolman. 
Townsend. 
Warren. 
WISWALL,  701. 
Farmer. 
Jackson. 
Newman. 

WlTHERELL,,    701. 

Benjamin. 

Bryant. 

Caulkins. 

Deane. 

Hobart. 

Oldham. 

Parish. 
WOOD,  701. 

Buck. 

Fuller. 

Greenwood. 

Maccoone. 

Oldham. 

Kushton. 
WOODMANCY,  702. 

Clark. 
WOODWARD,  702. 

Brown. 

Cheever. 

Dana. 

Eddy. 

Fisher. 

Gates. 


Goodnow. 

Gove. 

Greely. 

Greenwood. 

Hammond. 

Hunting. 

Hyde. 

Moore. 

Myrick. 

Patten. 

Kobbins. 

Stone. 

Waite. 
WOOLSON,  702. 

Bond. 

Chadwick. 

How. 

Hyde. 

Jones. 

WORWOOD,  702. 
WYER,  702. 

Lawrence. 
WYETH,  702-6. 

Andrew. 

Bowman.. 

Brooks. 

Champney. 

Cook. 

Coolidge. 

Corlett. 

Cutter. 

Duntin. 

Fessenden. 

Fillebrown. 

Fiske. 

Fitch. 


Flagg. 
Fox. 
Francis. 
Gamage. 
Gray. 
Green. 
Hancock. 
Hastings. 
Hill. 
Jarvis. 
Kendall. 
Munroe. 
Newell. 
Newman. 
Parker. 
Prentice. 
Read. 
Sargent. 
Sawin. 
Shepard. 
Smith. 
Stearns. 
Stimson. 
Stone. 
Tapley. 
Tidd. 
Ward. 
Watson. 
Webster. 
Willard. 
Wilson. 
Winship. 
Winslow. 
Wood  ware 
Wright. 
YOUNG,  706. 


ERRATA. 


Page  5,  line  30,/or  1837  read  1807. 

Page  6,  note  I,  for  45,  46  read  38,  39. 

Page  12,  note  I,  for  84,  read  85. 

Page  20,  note  2,  for  xv.  reacf  xiv. 

Page  32,  line  26,  to  Abraham  Morrill  add  *. 

Page  32,  line  30,  to  Garrad  Haddon  add  8. 

Page  35,  line  27,  for  1836  read  1636. 

Page  44,  note  7,  for  Boardman  read  Bordman. 

Page  143,  note  I,  for  Barnard  read  Bernard. 

Page  168,  note  11,  dele  ". 

Page  214,  line  25,  for  Bordman  read  Boardman. 

Page  263,  line  4,  for  Bobbins  read  Bobbins. 

Page  292,  line  46,  for  Boardman  read  Bordman. 

Page  316,  line  3,  for  1860  read  1858. 

Page  438,  line  I,  for  O'Hara  read  O'Hare. 

Page  526,  line  2,  after  his  read  second. 

Page  532,  line  7  from  bottom,  dele  John. 

Page  569,  line  25,ybr  Abbot  read  Abbott. 

Page  652,  line  43,  for  1739  read  young. 


University  of  California 

SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 

Return  this  material  to  the  library 

from  which  it  was  borrowed. 


REC'D  ID-URL 
OCT071996 


